Mtk Vol2 No10

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

2

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jzef@csda&; ud&k w J if(h em*d, k m) 080 3628 9979 0if;ay:armif(ud&k ;D ,m;) 82 1965 65712 rrif;rif;jyKH ;(tar&dum;) 1260 424 1434 aX;Edik (f e,fomvef) 31 6176 76582 pmrlrsm; ay; yd@k vdyk guT 161-0033 SHINJUKU-KU, SHIMO OCHIAI 1-11-7, OCHIAI ECO MANSION 301, TOKYO, JAPAN [email protected] [email protected] Home Page http://www.moethaukkye.com/

11/ 9/ 2005

OD;wifO;D / a':atmifqef;pk-unfEiS hf tusO;f usjynforl sm;twGuq f ak wmif;yJG *syefEikd if &H dS jrefrmjynf'rD u kd a&pDa&;v_y&f mS ;olrsm;rS pkaygif;I/ OD;wifO;D / a':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf 'Dy&J if;wGif rw&m; vky=f uo H wfjzwfzrf;qD;xm;jcif;cH&olrsm;/ jrefrmjynf'rD u kd a&pD a&;wGif zrf;qD;owfjzwfjcif; cH&olrsm;ESihf jrefrmh'rD u kd &pDa&; twGuf qkawmif;arwWmyd@k y&dw±f w G yf u GJ kd a':atmifqef;pk =unfarG;ae@jzpfaom t*Fgae@wGif tywfpOf usif;yvsuf&&dS m (18 atmufwb kd mv 2005) t*Fgae@wGif t}urd w f &m(110) jynfh ajrmufrnfjzpfygonf? rnforl qdk yg0ify;l aygif; qkawmif;Edik yf ga=umif; zdwaf c: tyfygonf? yg0ify;l aygif;ukov kd jf yKvdyk gu080 5680 0546/ 090 7008 0026/ 090 8720 9017/ 090 8171 8465 rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

3

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Ù tifrwefr}S u;D avaom uaomif;ueif;awGtjzpfrsm; ckEpS rf sm;vnf; E_wq f ufomG ;cJh topfrjzpfvmwJw h u dk yf JG cyfusu J seJ @J iSuzf sm;rdaeawmrS Ù raygi;f vJcuf ta=umif;vnf;ysucf ahJ ygh rk;d cg;a&aomufot l wGuaf wmh ypPKym` efumvxJ edAŠmefrvkd pdwt f }uyH adk ewm awmfveS af &;r[kwf igaumif;pm;a&;igvyk f odyf[kwfaeoaygh? Ù pufwifbm(18)&ufu odrf;cJhwJhtm%m rlvydkif&Sif trSefjynfol[mrdk@ igwaumaumraezkd@ (88)umvusq;Hk cJ&h wJh ol&aJ umif;&Jabmfrsm;&J@ t±k;d wGeo f aH wGe@J twl vlx&k @J awmfveS af &;}u;D qlemrDe@J rkew f idk ;f awGuv kd ufwJG aoG;uGuaf wG rcef;ajcmufao;wJh ayw&mtxufrmS vlyifv,f}u;D jzpf+y;D wu,ft h ppftrSef awmfveS af &;}u;D wku d pf m;+y;D acszsuzf @dk jynfwiG ;f rSmyJ a'gi;f tvHawG v$i=hf upk@d a[h ? ?

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4

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

5

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a=u;rHOk ;D aomif;

2500 ,ef;

12? ,rrif;O,smOfo@kd tvnfa&mufjcif;

2? wifr;kd uAsmaygi;f csKy(f 1999)

wifr;kd

2500 ,ef;

13? a':pk(60)jynfharG;ae@AD'D,dkrSwfwrf; (apmode;f -MTK) 1200 ,ef;

3? ocifEdkifiHawmf

wifarmifoef;

1000 ,ef;

4? jrefrmEdkifiHrSxdkif;EdkifiHodk@ vkyftm;ajymif;a±$@r_

*gr%d

(NDD) 1000 ,ef;

5? tm%m&Sio f @kd ay;pmrsm;(tydik ;f 1š2)

2000 ,ef;

6? ndK;EGr;f =u,f(rSww f rf;"gwyf )kH

,mrmrdw k kd

2000 ,ef;

7? u&ifb h 0"avh

armifpif=u,f

1000 ,ef;

7? ordkif;opfcGyfa'gif;(oDcsif;acG)

tZ…Ke

1000 ,ef;

8? 2003 ckEpS f pmqdak wmfae@AD', D akd cG apmodef;(MTK)

1000 ,ef;

9? wkww f jywf/"g;wjyufum;wGerf sm;(0vH;k -rzrf;rcsi;f wdu k sK)d 500 ,ef; 10? cGyaf 'gi;f tvHac:&mod@k

wifr;kd

500 ,ef;

11? ausmif;om; axmif awmfveS af &; (&Jabmfz;kd oHacsmif;) 1000 ,ef;

jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;jyKaumfrwD ordik ;f 0ifrw S w f rf;rSw&f mrsm;(1998-2003)

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

1000 ,ef;

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

6

twˆKy`wadW qmif;yg;

tnmola':pef;pef; (armifpGrf;&nf) a':pef;pef;udk jrifvu kd f =um;vdu k &f &if wGzJ uf±yk pf ekH rd w d yf akH wG trsm;}u;D ay:vmygw,f? txl;ojzifah wmh q&m}u;D ocifu, kd f awmfri_d ;f &J@ av;csK;d }u;D awGxu J tnmolawGukd ±kwcf sn;f tajy; tv$m; jrifa,mif=um;a,mifjzpfapygw,f? q&m}u;D &J@ av;csK;d awGxu J tnmolawG[m “tvk/H rHak ±G;/ a=u;rH/k acsmif;OD;e,fwv$m;qDu”vd@k qdyk gw,f? a':pef;pef;u tnmol "rRppfjzpf±rkH u/ tvkrH mS arG;zGm;olvJ jzpfygw,f? q&m}u;D &J@ av;csK;d }u;D awGxrJ mS owif;pmq&mr}u;D a':pef; wrmqwfwuUov kd rf aS y;tyfonfh a':atmifqef;pk=unf. a'guw f mbJ@G vufrw S Ef iS hf a':pef;pef; pef;qdw k mvJ yg0ifygw,f? tif'yD if;'ifo h wif;pmudk wnf;jzwf tkypf ;kd olawGukd tmcHoal wGtjzpfe@J tòijiifc=H u&yHck si;f vJ awmfawmfwyl gw,f? xkwaf 0ol pma&;q&mr}u;D jzpfygw,f? a':pef;pef;u tvHrk mS arG;wmyg? 1930 ckEpS zf mG ;vd@k qdak wmh OD;xGe;f vGwv f yfa&;&+y;D ump zqšqd&k , S t f wif/ OD;0if;wifw@kd eJ@ wckxzJ mG ;awGyg? olw@kd wawG[m &efuek w f uU pd;k &tzJ@G rSm yg0ifwhJ ‘vpf’qd&k , S v f pfygwD us a emf q v k d c k d s i w f mu odv k u f kd wcsed w f nf;a&muf=uolawGygy?J olw@kd xuf enf;enf;apm+y;D 0ef}uD; OD;ausmf+idrf;trdef@eJ@ owif;pm a&muf o u l ‘ud b k aumif;’wJ?h usaemfw@kd u ud}k u;D aumif;vd@k ac:yg wdu k o f ;kH wdu k u f kd qd&k , S v f pfygw0D if tvkyf a':pef;pef;[m w,f? axmufvrS ;f a&;Adv k cf sKyw f ifO;D eJ@vJ ausmif;aezufawGayg?h orm;awGe@J 0if+y;D ayguq f ed ef @J aygu/f ckwf rsK;d eJ@±d;k eJ@ ud}k u;D aumif;[m &efuek w f uUov kd af usmif;om;or*~acgi;f aqmif zsuq f ;D ap&mrSm a':pef;pef;&J@ pD;yGm;a&;o ‘pmayeJ@Edik if aH &;’udk a[mif;yg? ppf+y;D acwf wuoordik ;f [m ud}k u;D aumif;&J@ordik ;f ygyv J @kd wif;pmvnf; ygomG ;cJyh gw,f? awmif qd±k ;kd &Syd gw,f? ud}k u;D aumif;uvJ tnmom;yg? tom;ndKnKd / OD;ndKjr&J@‘ td;k a0’owif;pm/ *sme,f pdw0f ifpm;wJt h rsK;d vd@k wkww f w k cf ikd cf ikd ef @J a':pef;pef;eJ@ armifErS t&if;vd@k xif&ygw,f? a±$bkd ausmrf rav;&J@ ‘[pfwikd ’f owif;pmawG qd c k s i w f myg y ? J e,fu &Sed rf um;±Gmom;ay;ud;k ? ‘rdw S rf u/ Adv k ±f ikd ’f wd@k ±Gmayg?h eJ@twl ygomG ;wmyg? tif'yD if;'ifah ':pef; aemufwckx;l wmu ud}k u;D aumif;eJ@usaemfu &efuek u f rf;em;vrf; ajcmufxyf±;kH / tajc pef;udak wmh emrnfwv l @kd owd&vku d w f m cHynmOD;pD;Ïme/ ausmif;oH;k pmtkyaf umfrwDrmS twltvkyv f yk =f uyg yg? tJ'o D wif;pmq&mr}u;D uvJ tnm olw@kd trsK;d [m w,f? a':pef;pef;u urf;em;vrf;/ tvkyo f rm;!$ef =um;a&;OD;pD;Ïme olygy?J tJ'aD ':pef;pef;u ‘tif'yD if;'ifah ': pmayeJ@Edik if aH &;udk rSm 'kw, d !$e=f um;a&;rSL;vkyaf eygw,f? 'gayrJh usaemfw@kd ±H;k bufukd pef;pef;’/ ck usaemfw@kd &J@ qdyu f rf;trwfu ,H=k unfcsuef @J om vm+y;D vbuf&nfaomufygw,f? OD;baumif;eJ@ a&S;a[mif;aESmif;jzpf ‘'Dru kd a&pDa':pef;pef;’? awGajym&if; Edik if aH &;tajctaeawGuv kd J aqG;aEG;avh&ydS gw,f? a':pef;pef;&J@trnfu=kd um;&if aemuf yg0ifvyk af qmif=u+y;D / &Spaf v;vH;k ta&;awmfyu kH mvrSm a':pef;pef;u olw@kd Ïme&J@ tvkyf wa,muf usaemfowd&vdu k rf w d mu rEW touf a rG ; a= u mif ; a= u mif e h @ J orm;or*~rmS OuUÏtjzpf aqmif±u G v f @kd t+ird ;f pm;ay;wm cHc&hJ yg av;wuUodkvfausmif;om;or*~rSm us *k%o f u d mQ w,f? aemufawmh trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKyu f 0kd if+y;D qdyu f rf;òr@ aemfw@kd eJ@twl yg0ifvy_ &f mS ;cJw h hJ &Jabmfr e,f rJqENe,fu ta±G;cHv@kd jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f ‘trwf ‘trmpef;’eJ@ ol@nDr ‘rat;pef;’ac: u emrnfemr}u;D vdrk a_ =umifh rif;’jzpfvmcJh ygw,f? aemuf tzrf;cH&ygw,f? ud}k u;D aumif;uawmh Asmq&mr rpdr;f yifuv kd J owd&rdygw,f? vkyw f o hJ rl &Szd ;l wJh ‘armifatmifxeG ;f ’ wuoordik ;f ðypka&;rSm ulnv D @kd wJ/h tzrf;cHvu kd &f oluvJ zrf;qD;axmifcs/ t}urd }f urd cf H tcs u y f g y ? J ygao;w,f? ESpaf ,mufpvH;k axmifxaJ &mufomG ;csed rf mS yJ usemfe@J &wJh rEWav;Auoacgi;f aqmifwa,muf acwW c% tqufjywfomG ;cJ&h ygw,f? jzpfygw,f? olw@kd rSm nDtroH;k a,muf&dS ±d;k om;ajzmifrh wfru _ kd a':pef;pef;u tvkyo f rm;or*~aemufceH @J tvkyo f rm;a&;&mrSm +y;D aemufwa,mufu cktcg *syefjynfrmS rsK;d ±d;k eJ@cs+D y;D txl;ta&;xm;&olwOD; jzpfygw,f? wu,fawmh ynma&;avmu &Sad ewJh uAsmq&mrapmref(rEWav;)jzpf xde;f odr;f =uolawGv@kd ta=umif;udk ydv k @kd awmif odr,fxifygw,f? rH±k mG u (10)wef;atmif ygw,f? trnf&if;u‘!$e@f !$e@f pef;’wJ?h vm+y;D 1948 uae/ 1954 xd/ &efuek w f uUov kd rf mS wufa&mufcv hJ @kd olw@kd ‘pef;’nDtroH;k OD;pvH;k u tck qdck siyf gw,f? ZD0aA'eJ@ odyb `H @GJ &+y;D aemuf A[kpd jH ytpd;k &ausmif;rSm txufwef;jy usaemfw@kd &J@ 'Dru kd a&pDa':pef;pef;eJ@ ±kyf q&mrtjzpf a':pef;pef;vkyzf ;l ygw,f? 1955 ckEpS rf mS ynmoifvJ csif;vJ awmfawmhfudkwlw,fvdk@ xifyg kd vm;AD;,m;Edik if u H kd tÀ0gaA' ynmoifomG ;cJ&h ygw,f? w,f? tom;ndKnKd / =u@H =u@H cdik cf ikd ef @J ? wu,f tvH-k rH±k mG ±kyaf wG vS,af &;tpDtpOft& ,l*q wESpw f m ynmoif,cl +hJ y;D jyefvmawmh 1957-58 rSm armfvòrifaumvdyrf mS enf;jyq&mr ygyJ? tJ'DtnmolawGtm;vHk;[m acwftqufqufrSm zdESdyf rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

7

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

twˆKy`wadW qmif;yg; tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifcahJ o;ygw,f? 'ga=umifh ynma&;avmu ta=umif;udk vJ tajccHynma&;a&m/ tqifjh rifyh nma&;ta=umif;ukyd g tawmftwef od&o dS l jzpfygw,f? onfah emufrS tvkyo f rm;!$e=f um;a&;OD;pD;Ïmeudk 0ifvyk w f myg? Edik if H a&;v_y&f mS ;r_rmS tvkyo f rm;/ v,form;eJ@ ausmif;om;a&;&m ynma&;udpaP wG [m txl;ta&;}u;D ygw,f? 'Dvu kd pd aP wGrmS wD;rdacgurf &d w dS t hJ wGuf a':pef;pef; [m tzG@J csKyrf mS tm;xm;p&m trsK;d orD;acgi;f aqmifwOD;tjzpf &yfwnfcyhJ gw,f? usaemfw@kd taeeJ@uawmh tr}u;D a':pef;pef;ukd ynma&;aqGrsK;d tjzpfxuf pmayaqGrsK;d taeeJ@ yd+k y;D &if;ES;D ygw,f? ol@zcif[m trsK;d om;pmayqk& ‘&Jt&m&Sd wOD;’yg? ‘OD;baomf’wJ?h jypfrr_ *~Zif;udk pwifwnfaxmifow l OD; jzpfygw,f? pdecf ifarmif&(D a=u;rH)k / cifarmif=unf(*g', D ef)/ cifarmifp(D jypfr)_ wd@k &J@ zcif}u;D yg? pdecf ifarmif&v D J trsK;d om;pmayqk& pma&;q&mwOD;yg? *syef0wˆKwckukd bm omjyefv@kd qk&cJw h myg? olw@kd armifErS awG[m tmvH;k pmayorm;awGcsn;f ygy?J usaemfw@kd eJ@ urm±Gwrf mS w&yfxaJ ecJ=h uwmrd@k tm;vH;k eJ@&if;ES;D ygw,f? OD;baomfqw kd hJ pma&;q&m}u;D [m q&m}u;D rdi_ ;f &J@ av;csK;d awGukd jAef;jAef;uJ&G olyg? vkyo f m;jynfol ae@pOfowif;pm(t*Fvyd pf m)rSm t,f'w D mcsKyv f yk f oGm;wJh q&m}u;D OD;cifarmifvwfe@J OD;baomfw@kd [m nDtudak wGayg?h OD;cifarmifvwf&@J ZeD;u trsm;od=uwJt h wdik ;f pma&;q&mr}u;D a':cifrsK;d cspf ayg?h 'D'w k Of ;D bcsK&d @J ZeD; a':vHaS reJ@twl jrefrmtrsK;d orD;toif;udk zJ@G pnf;wnf axmif+y;D 1938 ckEpS /f ausmif;om;oydw}f u;D rSm 0ifa&mufun l v D @kd '%f&mawmif &cJ+h y;D aoG;pGe;f cJzh ;l ygw,f? om; a'guw f mcifarmif0if;/ ac|;r a±$&nf0if;/ ajr;rdr0d if; wd@k vJ pma&;q&mawG jzpfae=u+yaD v? tar&dum; rd;k rctoH armif&pfqw kd mvJ a':pef;pef;&J@wlayg?h ajymrdvufpeJ@ ajym&&if a':cifrsK;d csp&f @J armift&if; udo k ed ;f atmifqw kd m ppf wyfuayg?h vGwv f yf a&;&+y;D pavmufuwnf;u qdAk , D ufukd owif;pmynm oGm;oifcw hJ m? &Spaf v;vH;k umva&mufrS awmwGi;f u uGejf rLepfacgi;f aqmif ‘OD;vGi’f trnfe@J zrf;rd+y;D jyefa&mufvmav&J@? usaemfqv kd ckd siw f mu a':pef;pef;[m rsK;d eJ@±d;k eJ@ ‘pmayeJ@Edik if aH &;’udk pdw0f if pm;wJt h rsK;d vd@k qdck siw f mygy?J aemufwckx;l wmu olw@kd trsK;d [m pmayeJ@Edik if H a&;udk ,H=k unfcsuef @J om yg0ifvyk af qmif=u+y;D / toufarG;a=umif;a=umifeh @J *k%f odumQ emrnfemr}u;D vdrk a_ =umifh vkyw f o hJ rl &Szd ;l wJh tcsuyf gy?J ±d;k om;ajzmifrh wfr_ udk rsK;d ±d;k eJ@cs+D y;D xde;f odr;f =uolawGv@kd qdck siyf gw,f? xkid ;f -Arme,fpyfrmS a':pef;pef;aewJt h rd u f kd cJusw,fqw kd o hJ wif;udk ausmf raumif; =um;raumif; =um;&awmh tawmfu h kd pdwrf aumif;jzpf&ygw,f? a':pef; pef;twGuf ylyefr+d y;D Edik if aH &;orm;awGtwGuf pdwrf aumif;jzpf&ygw,f? aiGa&; a=u;a&;a=umihq f w kd hJ aemufqufwo GJ wif;ukv d J r=um;csib f J =um;vdu k &f awmh yd+k y;D pdwrf aumif;jzpf&ygw,f? wcgxyf+y;D a':pef;pef;u *syefrmS &Sw d hJ rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,ft,f'w D mwOD;eJ@ tifwmAsL;vky+f y;D &Si;f jywJt h cg ydo k nfxufyrkd +kd y;D xyfrpH w d rf aumif;jzpf&jyefyg w,f? aiGxw k cf iG u hf kd a':pef;pef;u vufrw S x f ;kd ay;&rSmudk rxd;k vdu k b f ;l wJ?h ta=umif;u wcsK@d vufrw S v f rd /f wcsK@d upm&if;vdrv f @kd wJ?h

‘toufpeG @f ’+y;D ppfwyfe@J &ifqikd cf w hJ yhJ *k Kd~ vaf wG/ Edik if aH &;*k%o f u d mQ udk wefz;kd xm;=uwJh yk*Kd~ vfawGu aiGa=u;twGuf ‘t&Supf eG @f ’=u w,fqw kd m bmyJjzpfjzpf t&yf&yfaejynfawmf =um;vd@k rawmfygb;l ?

av;wausmf jzpf+y;D aeyg+y?D “uJavæ tJ'grsK;d aemufxyfr=um;&atmif qifjcif =uvdrrhf aygæ h ”vd@k pdwaf jzvd@k rSrqH;k cif tvm;wlowif;rsK;d udk tdE, Nd jynfbuf u xyf=um;&jyefygw,f? ppftyk pf t k wGi;f rSm aiGa=u;udpjP zpfwv hJ al wGukd tpGr;f ukezf ;kH zd=uygw,f? r aumif;r_udk zHk;zdxm;wm raumif;wJhtvkyfyg? EdkifiHa&;avmurSm 'grsKd;awG jzpfvm&if zH;k wmzdwmxuf/ rjzpfatmif óuwifumuG,=f uwm aumif;ygw,f? rormr_jzpfwmvJ raumif;? zH;k & zd&wmvJ raumif;? az:& zGi&hf wmvJ raumif;? vl=um;vd@k vJraumif;? vlr[kww f [ hJ mawG=um;&ifvJ raumif;? usaemfjynfyudk xGurf vmcifumvrSm usaemft h rd (f ynma&;ac|;ES;D pmeJ@ w &m;0if 0,f,al qmufvyk af exdik w f t hJ rd )f / tr}u;D pef;&J@rdbawG&@J tdrf (pmayvkyf ief;eJ@ w&m;0if0,f,al qmufvyk x f m;wJt h rd )f / tJ't D rd af wG ‘rif;ab;’eJ@ tzsuf qD;cH&+y;D / t"rRtyd@k cH&wJh wdu k w f ef;vsm;awGrmS tr}u;D pef;eJ@ud&k ifprG ;f wd@k [m tdref ;D csi;f awGjzpfae&jyefygw,f? tr}u;D pef;wd@k [m trSew f &m;udk jrwfE;kd +y;D / ,H=k unfcsuu f kd toufe@J vJr,f qdw k hJ owWrd sK;d eJ@ aqG*% k rf sK;d *k%/f rdr*d % k u f kd xde;f wJv h rl sK;d ygv@kd usaemfoo d xuf odvmcJyh gw,f? 'ga=umifh a':pef;pef; Edik if aH &;orm;jzpfvmwmudk usaemfw@kd txl;av;pm;tm;xm;ygw,f? avmu"Hukd =u@H =u@H cH+y;D 'Dru kd a&pDyef;wdik u f kd wjcm;vlawG(tm;vHk;yg) vlr_a&;trSm;r&SdbJ qufvufcsDwufEdkif=uygapvdk@ qkawmif;vdu k &f yga=umif;?

avmu=uD; orD;a&avmu=u;D u bm=u;D vJu@GJ jzpfcsiw f mvnf;rjzpf rjzpfcsiw f mvnf; jzpfwwfw,f orD;a&avmu=u;D u bm=u;D vJu@JG rSew f mvkyv f nf; trSm;xifc&H rSm;wmvkyv f nf; trSejf rifc&H wwfw,f orD;a&avmu=u;D u bm=u;D vJu@GJ wckcv k yk &f if wckcjk zpfw,f wckcv k yk jf y;D bmrSrjzpfwmvnf;&Sw d ,f orD;a&avmu=u;D u bm=u;D vJu@GJ vlaumif;awGuab;a&muf vl,w k af wGu yv†iaf y:a&mufw,f orD;a&avmu=u;D u bm=u;D vJu@JG acG;&l;aumif;pm; wrGe;f wnfh raumif;wmvky&f if raumif;wmcH&w,fwhJ olw@dk usawmh ? etz usawmh ?

tcsi;f csi;f Edik if aH &;odumQ / vlra_ &;*k%o f u d mQ eJ@ }uw d +f y;D ajz&Si;f Edik v f suef @J ckvjkd zpf&wm 'Dru kd a&pDa&;twGuf tonf;emp&mowif;yg? vlut kd jypfrwif vdyk g? jzpfyu kH kd pdwrf aumif;wmyg? owif;=um;&if=um;jcif; “igw@kd tr}u;D u 'gawGbmjzpfv@kd ajymae&ovJæ/ orD;a&+y;D cJ+h yyD æ J ”vd@k ab;urdwaf qGa&Sr› mS ±kww f &uf toHxu G v f u kd rf yd gw,f? avmu=u;D u bm=u;D vJu@GJ wu,fawmh Edik if aH &;acgi;f aqmifwa,muf&@J tdru f kd cJuswo hJ wif;u [d;k rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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8

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

[db k ufurf;u rD;rSe d r f e dS f tZÇe ( ) qH&k wm/ twdwo f rdik ;f awG aemufa=umif;vSe&f if;/ tem*wfwu kd yf /JG atmifyJG twGuf ajcvSr;f opfawG jyifqif&wm wdik yf ifE;DS aESm&wm b0&J@ t=unfE;l qH;k tcsed af wGxrJ mS wcktygt0ifjzpfrmS yg? &ifxu J twGi;f '%f&mawGomru cE<mud, k jf yifyu '%fcsuaf wG tjynfeh @J ZG J r mef r avsmh w J h cG y f a 'gif ; awG [ m +yD ; jynf h p H k p G m vG w f v yf r _ q d k w J h aumif;uifatmufrmS yso H ef;Edik zf @kd aoG;˜ac|;paw;+y;D }uKd ;pm;ae=uw,fqkd wm usaemfw@kd tm;vH;k ydyk +kd y;D odap/ jrifapcsiyf gw,f? tpm;taomufqif;&J'%f/ awmawmifa&ajr =urf;wrf;r_/ wzuf&ef ol&@J qifuu G /f wdu k u f u G af wGukd ausmv f m$ ;,if; a&m*ge@J rJaqmufaq;±ku H kd wufz@kd a&mufvmwJh &Jabmfi,fwOD;eJ@vnf; awG@cJ&h ygw,f? trSwrf xif oluae+y;D “'g-usaemft h zd;k eJ@ *syeftrsKd ;orD;wOD; wG±J u kd x f m;wJyh æ kH ” qd+k y;D xkwjf yygw,f? *syeferH nfvnf;rod/ ESpaf wGvnf;=umcJ+h yq D akd wmh usaemf vnf; bmrS vkyaf y;Edik pf rG ;f r&Syd gb;l ? a0a00g;0g; "mwfyakH q;om;=um;u tzd;k om pum;ajymwwfc&hJ ifABSDFÏmecsKy& f &dS m xdik ;f Edik if H rJqv&rfòr@uav;&J@ ta0;ajy;um;*dwf “igh ajr;- rif;twGuf tzd;k wrvGeb f 0u *k%, f v l #ufyguGmæ”vdk@ aj y m avrvm;æ? }u;D &ifv h mwJh zcif}u;D eJ@ ud, k &hf aJ bmfawGukd awG@vdpk w d t f jynfeh @J *syefuae tJ'n D u obm&if&h aJ bmf}u;D udak rmifarmifww d ef @J twdw/f ypPKyg` e/f tem xdik ;f udk ra&mufta&mufvrS ;f cJyh gw,f? tazeJ@trudk befaumufrmS (4)&uf f hJ cef@ jyKp+k y;D / [db k ufu tquftoG,ef @J csw d rf w d t hJ cgrmS awmh rsu&f nf0ikd ;f wJt h r/ *wfta=umif;awG aqG;aEG;+y;D reufta&mufrmS udak Zmfx;l eJ@twl rarhEikd w oHviG u f rf;ajcudk ta&mufvrS ;f cJyh gw,f æ? a=uuGt J =unfeh @J tazhukd uefawmhEw _ q f ufc&hJ yg+y?D ±Gmrvdk tH@k rdi_ ;f aewJh &moDOwk atmufrmS yJ awmif 3˜ 4vH;k ausmrf w d hJ tcgrmS 15-7-2005 rSm befaumufavqdyrf w S qifh csi;f rdik /f tJ'u D rS bwfpu f m;eJ@ awmh wcs u w f cs u f toH a y;pD;qif; (5)em&Dausmf c&D;ESi+f y;D æ rJqv&rf aewJh eDarmif;armif; oHvGifjrpfudk udk a&mufcJhygw,f? 'kwd,t}udrf awG@vdu k &f yg+y?D ajrmufqakd wmh rpdr;f vSayrJ/h wd@k w qdkvdkuf&ifyJæ udkaZmfxl;vSrf;jy awGtwGuf yDyjD yifjyif tajymif;tvJ vdkufwJh [dkzufurf;rSm udk,fhtrsdK; aumif;wck vdak e+yq D w kd mæ vmt udk,f owfwJhwyfawG/ jynfh0rf;udk }uKd axmufrhJ udk aZmfx;l udak pmif&h if; azmuf/ jynfv h uf jynfajcudck sK;d wJw h yf awG;aerdygw,f? awG/ usnw f urf; ra0;wJh tvSr;f yg? t&nfaysmrf wwf =u=J uaJ wmuf e²t²zawG [ m oH v G i f j rpf w ylaewJhaeæ/ av#muf wae&mpDrmS wyfawG jzef@cs tylv;kH tjynfeh @J trSwrf xif a0S@ ABSDF±H;k csKyf xm;w,fv@kd ajymygw,f? xdik ;f zuf wufvmwJah vjyif;æ/ (od@k ) urf;u udk,fhajrudk vSrf;jrif&awmh qdk@wufvmwJh tcuftwif; a=uuGw J ,f/ qd@k eifw h ,f/ ud, k t hf rsKd ; awGukd a&marG&if;æ ud, k f jyKe;f atmifvyk w f hJ acgi;f rmrm &Jabmfuakd Zmfx;l qdik u f ,fe@J twl ABSDF&J@ yifrcGyaf 'gi;f &dyjf rKH ukd a&mufc&hJ irdu k o f m;wpkuv kd nf; vufo;D uspu f spyf gatmifqw k &f if; &ifemv_id ;f x? yg+yD? us a emf w @ k d a&muf a ewJ h xd i k ; f onf z uf u rf ; uae tay:ud k qefwufomG ;&if udo k cH (J OuUÏ) wdu k yf 0JG if cGyaf 'gi;f &yf0rS ;f / atmufupkd ek q f if;oGm;&if &JabmfawG&@J rdom;pkpcef; udak rmifarmifO;D ¡wyfrLS ;&if;(3)¢ awGe@J awmwGi;f tajcpdu k f ausmif;uav;awG? ta&mufomG ;csiaf yrJh tcsed f udak 0vif;Zif¡twGi;f a&;rSL;¢/ taetxm;t& vufav#mch &hJ ygw,f? udak rmifarmifww d /f udak ersdK;/ udak Zmfx;l udkaZmfxl;u- “udktZ…Ke/udk,fh[mudk,fom av#muf=unfhayawmhæ? rvdi_ ef @J orD;av;oH'ikd ;f cift ygt0if tjcm;&Jabmf/ &Jarrsm;eJ@ jyefvnfawG@ eDarmif;xaewJh a&om;jyif/ jrpfurf;eHab;u tòyif;t±dik ;f ausmufqikd cf aJ wG? onfbufurf;u vSr;f jrifEikd w f hJ ud, k ahf jr ud, k ahf &æ? wpdrphf rd =hf unf&h if;aqG;æ/ atmfæoHviG af csmif;jcm;tdrrf ufrsm; ra0;vSwhJ t em*wfrmS ausmjf zwf+y;D ajrmufomG ;=uygapæ

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;rsm; 'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;(ru'w)odk‹

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Adv k cf sKy}f u;D wd@k Edik if u H t kd yk cf sKycf w hJ o hJ ufwrf; 17 ESpf jynfyh g+y?D olw@kd bmawGxyfvyk Of ;D rvJ rodEikd yf gb;l ? od@k ayr,hf 17 ESpt f wGi;f Edik if t H wGu/f vlxt k wGuf b,fvakd umif;usK;d / qd;k usK;d awG ðyvkycf o hJ vJqw kd mawmh odEikd yf gw,f? =unh&f atmifyg? tusKd;rsm; 1? vufeufuikd t f zJ@G rsm;ESihf aphpyfjcif;? 1988 rwdik cf ifuwnf;u vufeufuikd w f u kd cf u kd af ewJh tzJ@G tpnf;tm;vH;k eJ@ awG@qHak qG;aEG;cJyh gw,f? 'DawmhrS usaemfw@kd Edik if rH mS OD;0if;ppftyk pf u k kd vufeufuikd w f u kd cf w hJ hJ tzJ@G awG 20 avmuf&w dS ,fqw kd m owdxm;cJrh yd gw,f? aqG;aEG;yJ&G v'fuawmh tzG@J trsm;pke@J typft&yfEikd cf w hJ myg? 'Daemufyikd ;f typf&yfa'oawGrmS ppfqifa&;awG wdu k yf aGJ wGr&Sad wmhwt hJ wGuf ay:wmqJw G mawGvnf; &Srd mS r[kwb f ;l vd@k ,lq&ygw,f? vkyt f m;ay;cdik ;f wmvdrk sK;d tEdik u f siw hf mawG quf&adS eayr,fh typf&yfa'o vlx[ k m t&ifuxufawmh yd+k y;D touf±a_ csmifrmS yg? 2? obm0ywf0ef;usifxed ;f odr;f a&; obm0ywf0ef;usix f ed ;f odr;f a&;vkyif ef;udk aumfrwDz@GJ +y;D aqmif±u G cf yhJ gw,f? OD;ae0if;acwfwek ;f u rvkycf yhJ g? t&yfom;awG&@J obm0ywf0ef;usix f ed ;f odr;f a&;tzG@J wcsK@d udv k nf; rSwyf w kH ifciG jhf yKcyhJ gw,f? EdkifiHa&;orm;awG ajymavh&SdwJh 'Drdkua&pDpepf/ vl@tcGifhta&;qdkwmawG[m jynfolawGtwGufyg? obm0ywf0ef;usix f ed ;f odr;f a&;qdw k mvnf; tem*wfjynfoal wG&@J tusK;d twGuyf gb?J od@k ayr,fh ppftyk pf [ k m 'Dvyk if ef;awGukd OD;pm;ray;Edik yf gb;l ? OD;pm;ay;vky&f ifvnf; xda&mufz@kd rvG,yf g? bm a=umifv h q J akd wmh yGiv hf if;r_r&S/d wm;qD;ydwyf ifra_ wG uef@owfra_ wGy&J w dS hJ tm%m&Sit f yk cf sKyaf &;udk rpGe@f Edik af o;vd@k yg? 3? qufo, G af &; 17 ESpt f wGi;f w,fvzD ek ;f vdik ;f awG/ vufuikd zf ek ;f awG tawmfrsm;rsm; ay:aygucf yhJ gw,f? tifwmeufo;kH Edik zf @kd cGiðhf ycJyh gw,f? tuef@towfaygi;f rsm;pGmeJ@ cGiðhf ycJw h t hJ ifwmeuf[m òr@jyvlxx k u J wcsK@d twGuf tusK;d &Scd yhJ gw,f? 4? urBmAh 'k b < momnDvmcH +y;D cJw h EhJ pS u f &efuek òf r@rSm urBmAh 'k b < momnDvmcH usi;f yEdik cf yhJ gw,f? od@k ayr,fh wjcm;wzufrmS bmoma&;eJ@ ywfouf+y;D Adv k cf sKy}f u;D awG rsuEf mS aumif;r&yg? 1? cdik ;f wmrvkyw f hJ Ak'b < mom oHCmawmfawGukd zrf;+y;D ouFe;f c|ww f ,f/ ESyd pf uf/ axmifcsw,f? &Jbufpcef; awGrmS tvky=f urf;cdik ;f w,f? 2? e,fpeG ef ,fzsm;u c&pf,mefbmom0ifawGukd ESyd u f yG /f c&pf,mefb&k m;ausmif;awG udk zsuq f ;D w,f? 3? tpPvmrfbmoma&;taqmuftODawG zsuq f ;D wdu k cf u kd rf r_ sm;udk ppftyk pf u k v#L@d 0Supf pD Ofcw hJ mvd@k us,u f s,f jyef@jyef@ ,H=k unfae=uw,f? 'Dvt kd csuaf wGa=umifh Adv k cf sKy}f u;D awG&@J Edik if w H umtqifh bmoma&;nDvmcHukd trsm;u pdwrf 0ifpm;=uwmyg? Edik if aH &;orm;awGuvnf; 'Dbmoma&;nDvmcHukd róuqdck =hJ uygb;l ? nDvmcHukd omoema&;OD;pD;Xmeudv k /$J t&yf om;awGu pDpOf&if &ygvsuef @J aoG;pGe;f vufawGu }u;D rSL;cJw h t hJ wGuaf =umifh jzpfy&kH ygw,f? 5? qd/k u/ a&;/ wD; òyifyrGJ sm; wdrðf ryfaewJ/h aysmufu, G af ewJh ,Ofaus;r_awGukd azmfxw k w f m[m aumif;wJt h vkyyf g? Oyrm- jrefrmh±yk af o; [m Edik if w H umu ±kyaf o;awGxuf trsm;}u;D tqift h wef;jrif/h qJaG qmifry_ &kd ydS gw,f? od@k ayr,fh 'Dae@acwf jrefrmh±yk af o;[m urBmv h n S chf &D;onfawGuakd &mif;wJh trSww f &ypPn;f tjzpfukd a&mufaeyg+y?D qd/k u/ a&;/ wD; òyifyaGJ wG ESpw f ikd ;f vkycf ahJ yr,fh pdw0f ifwpm; oGm;=unho f l r&So d avmufyg? te,fe,fu òyifot l csi;f csi;f vSnyhf wf=unf=h uw,f? t&m&Sad wG wm0eft& oGm;xdik =f unf=h uw,f qdo k avmufygy?J ,SOòf yifwo hJ al wGu qk&csiv f @kd vm;æ/ e³t³zuyJ rlcsxm;vd@k vm;rod? ppftyk pf ak umif;a=umif;/ awmfa=umif;/ Edik if aH wmf}u;D at;csr;f yga=umif;qdw k mawGukd xnfo h iG ;f pyfq=kd uygw,f? txl;ojzifh t+ird òhf yifyaGJ wGrmS awG@&wmyg? vlawGukd azmfvzH m; ckid ;f ovdjk zpfaeygw,f? okcrk azmfxw k yf rGJ [kwb f J tzm;òyifyjGJ zpfaewma=umifh y&dowfu rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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a0zefa&;aqmif;yg; tm±Hrk uscyhJ g? vkyef nf;vky[ f efu oGuo f u G cf gatmif rSm;,Gi;f cJw h t hJ wGuf vlxak xmufcrH /_ pdw0f ifpm;r_ukd r&cJyh g? jrefrmjynfrmS 'Dvt kd EkynmawG ±d;k &mawG&w dS ,fqw kd hJ ta=umif;t&mudk vl=um;xJa&mufatmifom vkyEf ikd cf yhJ gw,f? aumif;wmawGvkyfcJhayr,hf olwdk@tusKd;udkyJ A[dkðywm xif&Sm;vGef;ygw,f? vlxk&J@ av;pm;jcif;rcH&wJh tpd;k &jzpfae/ vlxu k Ekd ydS pf uf tEdik u f siw hf hJ tkypf jk zpfaewma=umifh e³t³zvkyo f r# rwifw h ,fb;l jzpfaewmyg? tqd;k rsm; 1?tm%modr;f jcif; yxrajcvSr;f u trSm;}u;D wckyg? 1988 vlxek @J rqvtpk;d &wd@k yËduuQjzpfaecsed rf mS tm%modr;f +y;D wm0ef,l cJyh gw,f? ‘rv$rJ a&Smifomvd@k tm%m,lc&hJ w,fæ/ rlvykid &f iS f jynfou l kd tm%mjyefvrJ$ ,f’pojzifh tpydik ;f rSm toHaumif;[pfcahJ yr,f/h aemufyikd ;f rSmawmh ‘'Dru kd a&pDazmfaqmifaeygw,fæ/ tcsed af y;yg’vd@k qdjk yefygw,f? 2?taxGaxGzEd ydS rf r_ sm; 17 ESpt f wGi;f vlxu k kd enf;rsK;d pkeH @J tvGet f u|H zdEydS cf yhJ gw,f? OD;ae0if;acwfwek ;f uxuf ydw k mudk awG@&rSmyg? ‘pme,fZif;udk qufvufcsKyfuikd /f wdik ;f &if;om; bmompum; oifwef;ausmif;awGyw d /f {nfph m&if;wdik cf ikd ;f / &efyakH iGaumuf’pojzifh a&;jyvd@k rukeEf ikd o f avmufyg? tm%ma&&Sncf ikd jf rzJ @kd / vlawG ta=umufw&m;eJ@ +ird yf ad ezd@k twGuf pepfwus pDpOfaeyHyk gy?J wdik ;f &if;om;a'orSm jzpfaewmawG jrefrmjynftwGi;f ydik ;f uvlawG rodygb;l ? jynfwiG ;f u vlxck aH e&wmvnf; wdik ;f &if;om;a'ovlxk rod=uygb;l ? wu,fawmh tm;vH;k cHae&wmyg? vkyt f m;ay;/ ay:wm/ 0ef;xrf;oufom/ ud, k t hf m;ud, k u f ;kd qdw k mawG[m ae@pOf ae&mwumoH;k pum;vH;k awG jzpfvmyg+y?D 'Dpum;vH;k awGu ppftyk pf [ k m wdik ;f &if;om; vlrsK;d bmomra±G; vlwikd ;f udk tEdik u f siw hf ,fqw kd mudk xif;ueJ 0if;ueJ jyoaeygw,f? 3? tpOftvmaumif;wJh ppfwyfukd qufvufzsufq;D jcif; jrefrmhwyfrawmf[m jrefrmhordik ;f rSm emrnfaumif;&cJyh gw,f? od@k ayr,fh 1962 ckEpS rf mS Adv k cf sKy}f u;D ae0if;u Od;aqmif+y;D vlxt k pk;d &udðk zwfcs/ tm%modr;f cJch sed u f p+y;D wyfrawmf[m emrnfysucf w hJ myg? Adv k cf sKy}f u;D ae0if;u wdu k yf t kH uôs0wf+y;D Edik if u H kd 26 ESpt f yk cf sKycf chJ sed rf mS vnf; tm%mcdik jf rzJ @kd ppfwyfukd tm;ud;k cJ&h ygw,f? tjyeftvSet f m; jzifh oltm;ud;k wJh ppfwyfu vlawGukd tEdik u f siw hf t hJ cg rjrifcsiaf ,mifaqmifc&hJ wmyg? 'Dvekd @J jrefrmhwyfrawmf[m txde;f tcsKyrf &Scd /hJ ta&;,laqmif±u G rf r_ &Scd w hJ t hJ wGuf ysupf ;D cJyh gw,f? vuf&dS e³t³zvufxufrmS awmh Xmewkid ;f / ae&mwdik ;f rSm ppfom;awGukd wm0efay;xm;wJt h wGuf ppfom;awG[m vkyyf ikd cf iG ahf wG yd+k y;D &aeygw,f? 0ifaiGrvHk avmufwhJ ppfom;awG[m &Sio f efa&;twGuf r[kwrf rSew f mawG vky&f ovd/k vufeufrw hJ hJ vlxu k kd rw&m;usi&hf ygw,f? ppfom;awG yd+k y;D ysupf ;D aeayr,fh OD;ae0if;vdb k J Adv k cf sKy}f u;D awGu rjrifcsiaf ,mif aqmifae&yg w,f? a±G;p&mvrf; r&Sad wmhygb;l ? tm%m&Sipf epf t"Ge@f &Snaf &;twGuf bmrqdk vky&f awmhr,fr[kwv f m;? 4? wvJw G acsmfprD rH r_ sm; ppfom;qdw k m wku d cf u kd af &;twGuf avhusix hf m;olawGyg? olw@kd u Edik if t H yk cf sKyaf &;vkyif ef;awGrmS 0ifygwt hJ wGuf wvJpG rD rH a_ wG jzpfvmygw,f? tm%m&Sipf epfa=umifv h nf; yd+k y;D vGaJ csm&f wmyg? Oyrm-attdik 'f t D ufpaf &m*ge@J ywfoufvm&if Edik if w H umrSm rsuu f vJqefysmjzpfaeayr,hf ppftyk pf u k *±krpdu k f ygb;l ? tultnDay;wJt h zJ@G awGuakd wmif ‘axmufvrS ;f a&;vkyrf mS vm;æ/ omoemðyrSmvm;æ’qd+k y;D [ef@wm;ydwyf ifyg w,f? 'Da&m*gxed ;f csKyEf ikd yf gw,fv@kd cyfwnfwnf +z;D aeygw,f? aemufOyrmwcku yk*aH &S;a[mif;a'o xde;f odr;f a&;vkyif ef;awGyg? 'Dtvkyt f wGuf wwfoed m;vnfoal wG/ ynm &Siaf wGukd wm0efray;bJ aoewfta=umif;yJow d hJ ppfom;awGu, kd w f ikd f 0ifppD Ofygw,f? olw@kd rsupf x d rJ mS wnf aqmufðyjyifvyk if ef;awG jzpfayr,fh wu,fawmh olw@kd vky&f yfawGu a&S;a[mif;vuf&mawGukd pepfwus zsuq f ;D ae wm jzpfygw,f? a&S;a[mif;apwDuikd +kH y;D / apwDtopfaqmufwm/ a&S;a[mif;apwDawG bl'Zkd meJ@ xd;k zsuw f mawGt jyif/ tckaemufq;kH a&S;a[mif;bk&m;awG=um;xJ eef;jrifah r#mpf if}u;D udk aqmufvu kd yf g+y?D 'Dawmh a&S;a[mif; a'oxde;f odr;f a&;twGuf ulnaD ewJh ukvor*~&@J ,leufpudt k zJ@G }u;D vnf; e³t³zudk tvGe@f tvGef pdwyf suaf eyg+y?D 5? tm%m&Sipf epf wnfjr&J ef aqmif±u G jf cif; 12 ESp=f umae+yjD zpfwhJ trsK;d om;nDvmcHukd oabmwlaxmufczH @kd twif;tusypf pD Ofaeygw,f? OD;ae0if;vufxuf u ‘jrefrmenf;jrefrmh[ef qd&k , S v f pfEikd if ’H qd+k y;D xGicf /hJ Edik if u H kd axmif;varmif;xatmif ESyd pf uf+y;D csed rf mS ppfAv kd cf sKyaf wG u ‘jrefrmenf;jrefrm[ef pnf;urf;&Sw d 'hJ rD u kd a&pDpepf’qdw k mudk zefw;D zd@k vnf; óu;pm;aeygw,f? 1990 jynfEh pS w f ek ;f u vkyaf y;cJw h hJ a±G;aumufyt GJ a=umif;vnf; pum;tpyfrcHawmhygb;l ? (rd;k rc tifwmeufrS ul;,lazmfjyygonf) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal *syefjynfwiG ;f v+y&f mS ;r+owif;rsm;

jrefrmjynfta&; ukvvHðk caH &;aumifpw D iG af qG;aEG;&ef tzG@J aygi;f pHk vufrw S af &;xk;d yJG *syefEikd if YH usif;yðyvkyf jref r mEd k i f i H ta&;ud p P E S i f h y wf o uf I uk v or*~ v H k ð cH a &;aumif p D Y wifjyaqG;aEG;&ef axmufcHvufrSwfa&;xdk;yJGudk 2005 ckESpf/ pufwifbm 4 &uf(we*FaEG)ae@ eHeuf 10;00 em&DrS ae@vnf 12;00 em&Dtxd IKEBUKURO ECO Toshima Plaza 7thF wGif usi;f yðyvkyo f mG ;cJyh gonf? tqdyk gvufrw S v f ufx;kd yJo G @kd *syefEikd if &H dS jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDa&; óu;pm;aeol woD;yk*v ~ rsm;ESihf tzG@J tpnf;toD;oD;rS wnDw!Gwx f J vufrw S af &;xd;k cJo h nf? ‚axmufcv H ufrw S af &;xd;k yJo G @kd wufa&mufco hJ w l OD;u- “,ckvkd jrefrm jynf tjrefq;kH ajymif;vJz@kd twGuf yHpk t H rsK;d eJ@vkyaf qmifaewm&,fæ/ pnf;pnf;vH;k vH;k nDn! D w G ! f w G &f w dS m&,f[m tifrweftm;&rdygw,fæ”[k ajym=um;oGm;cJh a=umif; owif;&&Syd gonf? ausmfEikd (f MTK)

'kwd,t}udrfajrmuf jrefrm-*syef yl;aygif;aqmif±Gufa&;uGef,ufzJG@pnf;a&; tpnf;ta0; usif;yjyKvkyf 2003 ckEpS /f ar(30)&ufae@u jzpfymG ;cJo h nfh 'Dy&J if;vky=f urH }_ u;D aemufyikd ;f wGif jrefrmEdik if o H m; 'kuo Q nftjzpf av#mufxm;onfOh ;D a& rsm;jym;vmjcif;ESit hf wl 'kuo Q nftjzpfav#mufxm;olrsm;udk ulnaD qmif±u G af y;aeonfh JAR (Japanese Association for Refugee)ESihf tjynfjynfqi kd &f m vl@tcGit hf a&;tzG@J (*syef) Amnesty International(JAPAN) wd@k yl;aygi;f I *syefEikd if t H ajcpdu k f jrefrmhtzJ@G tpnf;rsm;twGuf jrefrm-*syefy;l aygi;f aqmif±u G af &; uGe, f ufz@GJ pnf; &ef 'kw, d t}urd af jrmuftpnf;ta0;udk Takadanobaba&Sd Recycle Center 4FwGif pufwifbmv 4 &uf(we*FaEG)ae@ nae 6;30 em&DrS n 9;40 em &Dtxd usi;f yjyKvyk cf yhJ gonf? tqdyk g uGe, f ufz@GJ pnf;a&;wGif ±d[ k if*smvlrsK;d rsm;udk jrefrmEdik if o H m;tzJ@G tpnf;rsm;wGif twlwuGxnho f iG ;f vkyaf qmif&ef aqG;aEG;cJrh _ rsm;a=umifh txrajrmufbJ xyfraH qG;aEG;&ef &ufa±G@qdik ;f vdu k &f a=umif; owif;&&Syd gonf? (armif&iS f bm;rm;rD', D mowif;axmuf)

wnfaxmifjcif; (7)ESpjf ynfah jrmufEiS hf jref@rmEkid if aH &; aqG;aEG;yGt J crf;tem; usi;f yjyKvyk f CRPP

trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKy(f vGwaf jrmufe,fajr) *syefXmecGrJ S }u;D r_;I jynfo h @l vGwaf wmfu, dk pf m;jyKaumfrwD wnfaxmifjcif;(7)ESpjf ynft h xdr;f trSwEf iS hf jrefrmEkid if aH &;aqG;aEG;yGJ tcrf;tem;ukd 2005/ pufwifbm/ 19 &ufae@wGif *syefEidk if /H wu dk sK+d rK@d &Sd tdcb J ck ±k /dk ukrif;pifwmY ae@vnf 2;00 em&Dr 5S ;00 em&Dxd usi;f yjyKvyk o f mG ;cJyh gonf? tqdyk gyw GJ iG f obmywdjzpfol OD;oef@ZifO;D rS tzGit hf rSmpum; ajym=um;oGm;+y;D *syefEikd if o H @kd acwWa&muf&adS eaom NLD(LAKOREA BRANCH)OuUÏOD;atmifjrifa h qGu txl;{nfo h nf awmftjzpf trSmpum;tenf;i,fajym=um;oGm;chyJ gonf? xdk@aemuf ‘jynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;jyKaumfrwD. ordik ;f tusOf;’udk OD;vS[efr‚ S / ‘jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m; jyKaumfrwDtay: wdkif;&if;om;rsm;.oabmxm;’ud k OD;aZmfrif;cdik rf ‚ S / ‘jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;jyKaumfrwDEiS hf tem*wfjrefrmEdik if aH &;udk OD;rifnKd ’rS‚/ ‘jynfo@l v$waf wmf ud, k pf m;jyKaumfrwDEiS h f jynfwiG ;f &Sd jrefrmhEikd if aH &;ESihf ausmif; om;v_y&f mS ;r_tajctae’udk OD;bke;f jrifx h eG ;f rS‚/ toD;oD; *syefEikd if o H @kd a&mufY&daS eaom NLD(LA-Korea Branch)OuUÏ OD;atmifjrifah qGu pum;ajym=um;aeyHk &S i f ; vif ; ajym=um;oG m ;cJ h I wuf a &muf v mol r sm;rS r&Si;f vif;onft h csut f vufrsm;udk &if;ES;D yGiv hf if;pGm ar;jref;oGm;chaJ =umif; owif;&&Syd gonf? ausmfEikd (f MTK) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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*syefjynfwiG ;f v+y&f mS ;r+owif;rsm;

9 }urd af jrmuf PFBtpnf;ta0;usif;y jref r mvl r sKd ; rsm;ud k tjrJ w rf ; ul n D a y;aeaom People Forum of Burma(PFB)rS Update on the latest news: Burmese asylum seekers & Detention udk Mr. Shogo Watanabe(Secretary General of the PFB) u nae 5;40 em&DrS 5;55 txd&i S ;f vif;wifjyjcif;/ Curing Neglect: Addressing HIV/AIDSudk Mr. Jackie Pollock(MAP: Migrants Assistance Program)udk nae 6;00em&DrS 7;30txd &Si;f vif;wifjy aqG;aEG;jcif;ukd IKEBUKURO &Sd ECO Toshima Plaza 8thF wGif pufwifbmv 17 &ufae@(paeae@)u usi;f yðyvkyo f mG ;cJyh gonf? tqdyk gaqG;aEG;yJo G @kd *syef-jrefrmpkpak ygi;f (80)ausmcf ef@ wufa&mufcahJ =umif; vnf; od&&dS ygonf? ar$;ar$;(MTK)

e³t³zppftkyfpk. 17 ESpf=um rw&m; tm%modrf;xm;onfhtay: csDwuf awmif;qdk uef@uGuq f ENjyyJG

*syefEikd if /H wdu k sKòd r@&Sd jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDtiftm;pkrsm;rS e³t³z ppftm%mydik w f @kd u jynfo@l tcGihf tm%mudk 17 ESp=f um rw&m;odr;f xm;onft h ay: e³t³zppftcGe±f ;kH a&S@od@k csw D ufqENjyyJu G kd usi;f yjyKvyk o f mG ;cJyh gonf?‚csw D ufqENjyyJu G kd ae@vnf 1;30 rSpwifI MINAMI GOTANDA yef;jcrH S pwifcsw D uf qENjyxGucf mG +y;D ppftcGe±f ;kH teD;&Sd GOGINYAMAyef;jct H xd csw D ufqENjyyJu G kd ðyvkyo f mG ;cJ+h y;D nae 3;00 em&DrS 5;00 em&Dtxd e³t³z ppftcGe±f ;kH a&S@wGif qENjyI aºu;a=umfoH (9)csujf zifh qENjyawmif;qdyk u GJ kd atmifjrifpmG usi;f yðyvkycf yhJ gonf? qENjyawmif;qdyk o GJ @kd 'Dru kd a&pDtiftm;pkaygi;f 100 cef@wufa&mufc=hJ u+y;D ,ae@qENjyyJ. G xl;jcm;csuw f ckrmS e³t³zppftcGe±f ;kH taemufzuf&dS yef;jct H w k ef &H aH y: wGif ‘18§88 igwd@k toufawGay;cJ&h w,f &JabmfawG&@J 0d^mOfawG’[k a&;om;xm;aom teDa&mifpmwrf;udk awG@&Scd &hJ +y;D ppftyk pf . k rw&m;tm%modr;f ydu k x f m; onft h ay: wnDw!Gwx f J ±H@_ csawmif;qdo k mG ;cJah =umif; owif;&&Syd gonf? ausmfEikd (f MTK)

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17 ESpaf jrmuf txdr;f trSwt f cef;tem;usif;y

&Spaf v;vH;k vlxt k ºkH ur_jzpfay:+y;D aemufyikd ;f ppftm%m&Sipf epfukd ygwED ikd if aH &;toGijf zifh wdu k yf GJ 0if&eftwGuf 1988 ckEpS /f pufwifbmv 27 &ufae@wGif w&m;0ifz@GJ pnf;cJah om trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKyf zJ@G pnf;wnfaxmifjcif; 17 ESpaf jrmuf txdr;f trSwt f cef;tem;tm; *syefEikd if &H dS trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKy(f vGwaf jrmufe,fajr-*syefXmecJ)G rSO;D pD;I pufwifbmv 25 &uf/ we*FaEGae@ nae 5;30 em&DrS 9;00 em&Dtxd rdemrdt;kd qkucef;rwGif usi;f yjyKvyk cf yhJ gonf? tcef;tem;od@k *syefEikd if t H ajcpdu k f 'Dru kd a&pDtiftm;pkrsm;/ tzJ@G tpnf;toD;oD;rS wm0ef&ydS k *~Kd vrf sm;/ pdwyf g0ifpm;olrsm; pkpak ygi;f 120 ausmf wufa&mufcI hJ trSmpum;toD;oD;ajym=um; =u+y;D vlxk acgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf. pnf;±H;k a&;c&D;pOfEiS hf jrefrmjynfwiG ;f wGif trsKd; om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKy. f tcuftcJ tusyt f wnf;=um;rS touftEW&m,frsm;ESi&hf if;+y;D Edik if aH &; v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;ta=umif;udk a':atmifqef;pk=unf. teD;uyfvjkH cKH a&;wm0efu, kd cl b hJ ;l ol ‘udak rmf rif;vGi’f rS‚/ vuf&EdS ikd if aH &;tajctaersm;ESiphf yfvsO;f I *syefEikd if o H @kd acwWa&muf&adS eaom trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKy(f vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)A[kXd mecsKyf Edik if jH cm;a&; &mwm0efcH ‘udn k Kd tek ;f jrif’h rS‚/ toD;toD;ajym=um;oGm;cJ=h ua=umif; owif;&&Syd gonf? armif&iS (f bm;rm;rD', D mowif;axmuf) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

14

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armifeif;pwm;wifp;kd

0ifa&mufzrf;qD;cHvu kd &f wJh bmbmu a±$wu kd f

&JEiS hf v³0³uwd@k zrf;qD;&eftwGuf aqG;aEG;ae=uwJyh jkH zpfygw,f

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

15

use;f rma&;aqmif;yg;

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

16

ynma&;aqmif;yg;

ukpm; (&Jwif)

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

18

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19

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

tifwmeufaqmif;yg; t=urf;rzuf ESv;Hk &nfwu dk yf /JG *si;f &Syq f w dk mawG0ifvm? e*du k rS vlrsKd ;pkvufeuf ukid af wGay;or# tuef@owfe@J vkyaf e&wJ=h um; onfvu dk u JG ek =f uawmh =um;ae tzGJ@awGuvJ yJhukefjyef? aemufqHk;vrf; ukvor*~apmihfa&SmufcHtjzpf UN av#muf+y;D jynfyxGuaf &;/ wwd,Edik if o H mG ;a&; OD;wnf=uawmhwmygb?J wu,fawmh om;wd@k wwd,Edik if o H mG ;a&;u tckrpS wm? om;wk@d &Jh awm wGi;f acgif;aqmifawGu tJo h nfrmS a&mufaeESiyhf g+y?D wcsdK@vJ tvkyyf v dk yk Ef ikd b f @kd oGm;=uw,fv@kd qdw k ,f? Edik if o H m;jzpf+y;D &if jyefvm/ awmfveS af &;ykv d yk rf ,faygh? 'gayrJh rjyefvrf;udk oGm;=uolawGrsm;w,f? om;wd@k acgi;f aqmifawGvJ rjyef olawGxJ yguke=f uw,f? ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifawG e³t³z axmifxu J ae vufeufrcswef;wku d jf y;D vGwv f mol/ axmifxrJ mS bJ quf&adS e ao;olawG trsm;}u;D yg? olw@dk rSm vuf euf tyfwacsmif;awmif r&S=d uyg? ckxd ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifawG jzpfaeqJ? awmxJa&mufvm+yD; wyftiftm; aomif;cs&D w dS hJ ausmif;om;wyfudk ypPw/kd ajcmufv;kH jyL;/ aoewf&n S /f wd/k vwfawG cg;rSmcsw d u f ikd +f y;D rde@f cGe;f }u;D awG wyHw k yif ajymoGm;cJ=h uwJh ausmif;om; acgi;f aqmif awGusawmh tckbmvdk@ t=urf;rzuf wku d yf aJG wG/ aphpyfa&;awGvyk af e&wmvJ? taemufwuUodkvf}uD;awGrSm bmvkd@ ynmawG oGm;oifae=uwmvJ? om;pOf; pm;aeygw,f? 'gayrJh vufeufuidk w f u kd af eqJ jrefrm Edik if v H ;kH qkid &f m ausmif;om;rsm;'Dru kd &ufwpfwyfO;D (ru'w) ausmif;om;wyf rawmfuawmh &Sad eqJyg? pufwifbm 18 tm%modr;f / oydwpf cef;awGucdk mG / a'gi;f vHawGzu G +f y;D ao ewf,b l @kd awmxJvmcJw h hJ wpfywfy=J umr,fqw dk hJ om;wd@k vJ 'Dvekd @J UNav#muf befaumufa&mufvmwmyg? tckom;wk@d wwd,Edik if u H kd oGm;=uawmhr,f? wku d w f u kd q f idk q f ikd f ppfwyftm %modr;f ESpyf wfvnf/ pufwifbmvxJrmS om;wd@k befaumufuwqihf tar&d uefukd a&mufvm=u+y?D oydwpf -kH olyek x f / 'Dru kd a&pD&a&;wku d yf /JG 8888 ta&; awmfyjkH zpfcw hJ mvJ q,fpEk pS (f 2)ckxu J dk a&mufc+hJ y?D ausmif;om;wyfrawmfom; b0eJ@ 'D atbDppfa=umif;awGxrJ mS wku d yf 0JG ifchJ

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20

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

( Refers & Quoted from : Japan Times & Yahoo News )

Ðajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;EsLuvD;,m;qdik &f m (6)Edik if aH qG;aEG;yG. J rwifrusjzpfae &aomtajctae// Ðajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if . H EsLuvD;,m;ta&;tcif;ESiyhf wfouf+y;D (6)Edik if t H pnf; ta0;[k ac:wGiv f su&f adS om pnf;a0;yGu J kd w&kwEf ikd if /H yDuif;+rKd @wGif usi;f yvsu&f &dS m pufwifbmv(19)&ufae@wGif ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if u H [email protected];,m;vufeuf xkwv f yk rf r_ sm;udk pGe@f v$wyf pfawmhrnfjzpfa=umif;ESihf Edik if w H umrS pHpk rf;ppfaq;olrsm; udv k nf; vma&mufppfaq;cGijhf yKrnfjzpfa=umif; oabmwlncD o hJ nf? od@k &mwGif tjyeftvSet f m;jzifh ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if t H m;vnf; pGr;f tifxw k v f yk af &; qdik &f mvkyif ef;rsm;wGif ulnyD yhH ;kd ay;r_/ ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if . H vHjk cKH a&;udv k nf; tmrcHcsuf ay;r_/ ajrmufudk&D;,m;EdkifiH. e,fpyfa'orsm;wGifvnf; tjcm;EdkifiHrS EsLuvD;,m; tar&duefEikd if rH 'S Mr.Hill'(0J)ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if rH S 'Mr.Kim Gye Gwan' vufeufrsm; jzef@rcsxm;a&;/ ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if . H t&yfo;kH EsLuvD;,m; pGr;f tifxw k f vkyrf r_ sm;udv k nf; tar&duefEikd if u H ulnyD yhH ;kd ay;a&;/ pojzifv h nf; ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if u H awmif; qdx k m;vsu&f o dS nf/ xd@k a=umifh pufwifbmv(20)&ufae@wGif ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if u H rdrad wmif;qdx k m;r_rsm;tm;vH;k udk &&Srd o S m tqdyk g puf wifbm(19)&ufae@rS oabmwlnrD o _ nf twnfjzpfa=umif; xyfraH =ujimcJo h nf? ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if . H t"duawmif;qdrk r_ mS tar&duefEikd if rH S t&yfo;kH EsLuvD;,m;pGr;f tifqikd &f mrsm;udk jynfjh ynf0h 0 axmufyahH y;a&;yifjzpfonf? rnfo@kd qdak p tqdyk g(6)Edik if H tpnf;ta0;rS&v'frsm;onf ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;. EsLuvD;,m;qdik &f mjy\emrsm;udk ajz&Si;f Edik rf nfh atmifjrifra_ jcvSr;f w&yfyifjzpfonf[k tar&duef ud, k pf m;vS,f 'Mr. Christopher Hill'u xkwaf z:ajym=um;vdu k o f nf? tqdyk gtpnf;ta0;od@k wufa&mufae=uaom (6)Edik if rH S ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;rSm tar&duef/ ±k&mS ;/ ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;/ *syef/ w±kwEf iS hf awmifu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if w H @kd jzpfonf?

Ð tD&wforwa[mif; qm'rf[pl ed . f tr+rsm;udk atmufwkd Ð tD&wfEikd if w H iG f t-urf;zufA;kH rsm;a-umifh w&uftwGi;f bmv(19)&ufae‹wGif pwifppfaq;awmhrnf/ t&yfom;(154)OD;aoqH;k cJjh cif;? Ð tD&wforwa[mif; qm'rf [ l p d e f . tr_ r sm;ud k atmufwb k d m(19)&ufae@wiG f pwifppfaq;awmhrnfjzpf a=umif; vuf&t dS &D wftpd;k & u pufwifbm(4)&ufae@ wGif xkwaf z:a=ujimcJo h nf? xdk@tjyif orwa[mif; qm'rf[pl ed Ef iS t hf wl yl;wGyJ g 0if+y;D ppfaq;cH&rJo h rl sm;. pm&if;udv k nf; xkwaf z:a=ujimcJyh gonf? ,if;w&m;cHw@kd rSm qm'rf[pl ed . f vufaxmufrsm;jzpf=uaom 'kw, d orw a[mif; wm[m,mqif&mrm'rf/ axmufvrS ;f a&;rSL;csKyaf [mif; bm&mZrftAD &m [ifEiS hf bmhoyf gw. D xdyw f ef;acgi;f aqmifwOD;jzpfaom tm0'f[mr'fbef'gw@kd jzpf=uonf? orwa[mif;qm'rf[pl ed . f t"du&ifqikd &f rnfh tr_rsm;udk az:jycJh&mwGif (1988)ckEpS t f wGi;f [mv*sy±f mG wGif u'fvrl sK;d rsm;udk tpkvu kd t f jyKH vu kd f tqdy"f g wkaA'vufeufjzifo h wfco hJ nft h r_/ (1990)ckEpS t f wGi;f ul0w d Ef ikd if u H kd w&m;r0if wdkufcdkufodrf;ydkufr_ESifh (1991)ckESpftwGif; &SD,mrGwfqvifrsm;udk &mESifhcsDI owfco hJ nft h r_w@kd jzpfonf? jypfrx _ if&mS ;ygu qm'rf[pl ed Ef iS t hf aygi;f tygrsm;udk ao'%ftxd csrw S b f , G &f m&So d nf[k qdo k nf? tD&wfEikd if w H iG f vuf&t dS &D wftpd;k &tzG@J zG@J pnf;xm;aom tajccHOya'rsm;wGif ao'%frsm;vnf;yg&adS e&m vGecf ahJ om pufwifbmv(1)&ufae@wGif vlowf orm;(tD&wfvrl sK;d ) (3)OD;wd@k tm; jypfrx _ if&mS ;I yxrOD;qH;k t}urd t f jzpf ao'%f csrw S cf +hJ y;D jzpfonf?

ÐtD&wfEdkifiHwGif t=urf;zufAHk; ayguu f rJG r_ sm; wd;k wufjyif;xefvmonfh ESit hf r# Edik if t H ES@H tjym;wGif AH;k rsm;ayguf uGcJ &hJ m pufwifbmv(14)&ufae@ w &ufxrJ mS yif t&yfom;(154)OD; aoqH;k cJh +y;D (160)ausmf '%f&m&&Scd =hJ uonft h ajctaeod@k a&muf&cdS o hJ nf? ,if;ae@wGif AH;k tvH;k aygi;f w'gZifausmf qufwu kd f vdv k kd ayguu f cJG jhJ cif;jzpfonf/ AH;k rsm; trsm;qH;k ayguu f cJG o hJ nfh a'orsm;rSm &S, D mrGwq f vifrsm;aexdik o f nfh a'orsm;jzpf+y;D / tD&wfEikd if rH mS &Sw d hJ 'al-Qaeda'tzGJ@rS ,if;AHk;azgufcGJr_rsm;onf [email protected]=umif; xkwfjyefa=ujimcJh=uonf? avhvmolrsm;u tD&wftpd;k &tzG@J udk OD;aqmifaeonfh &S, D mrGwq f vifawGukd t"duxm;+y;D wdu k f cdu k jf cif;jzpfonf[k ,H=k unfvsu&f o dS nf/ xd@k tjyif"al-Qaeda"tzG@J rS xyfraH =ujimvdu k o f nft h csurf mS vGecf o hJ nf&h uf tenf;i,ftwGi;f tar&duefEiS hf tD&wfppfwyfrsm; jynfwiG ;f olyek rf sm;udk jyif;xef aomppfqifa&;rsm; qifEaJG echo J nfukd vufwek @f jyefjcif;jzpfonf[k a=ujimcJo h nf? tqdkygpufwifbmv(14)&ufae@rS (17)&ufae@txd (3)&uftwGif; t=urf;zufA;kH rsm;a=umifh t&yfom;rsm;aoqH;k cJo h nfrmS ta,muf(200)&Scd . hJ tD&wfEikd if w H iG f jynfwiG ;f ppfa=umifh aoqH;k aecJ&h onfh t&yfom;OD;a&rSm aomif; ESichf sI D &Sad e+yjD zpfovdk tar&duefppfom;rsm;aoqH;k r_ ta&twGurf mS vnf; (1909)a,muftxd &Sad e+yjD zpfonf? t*FvefEikd if rH pS pfom;rsm; aoqH;k onfOh ;D a&rSm (100)eD;yg&adS e+yjD zpf+y;D / Edik if pH kH wyfrsm;rSaoqH;k cJo h nfOh ;D a&rSmvnf; ta,muf(100)ausmf &Sad ecJ+h yjD zpfonf? od@k &mwGif tD&wfEikd if . H +ird ;f csr;f a&;ESihf jynfwiG ;f ppf+y;D qH;k a&;rSmrl ar#mv f ifch suf r&Sad o;[k avhvmoH;k owforl sm;u xkwaf z:ajymqdv k u kd yf gonf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

21

Edik if w H umowif;rsm;

Ð *syefEikd if . H twdu k t f cHygwDrS Edik if aH &;tajymif;tvJ/

0ef}u;D csKyf'Koizumi'

twdu k t f cHygwaD cgi;f aqmifa[mif;"Okada'

twdu k t f cHygwaD cgi;f aqmifopf 'Maehara'

Ð *syefEikd if w H iG f 0ef}u;D csKyu f t kd Zd rl o D nf atmufwb kd mv(8)&ufae@wGif ygvrD ef&dS atmufvw $ af wmfuzkd suo f rd ;f cJo h nft h wGuf pufwifbmv(11)&ufae@wGif =um;jzwfa&G;aumufyJG (atmufvw $ af wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;jyefvnfa&G;aumufy)JG udk usi;f ycJ&h onf? xdak &G;aumufyw JG iG f vuf&t dS m%m&0ef}u;D csKyf udt k Zd rl . D (Liberal Democratic Party)LDPu t"dutwdu k t f cHygwjD zpfaom (Democratic Patry of Japan) DPJtay: tjywftowftEdik &f &Scd &hJ m twdu k t f cHygwD D PJ .acgi;f aqmifjzpfol 'Katsuya Okada'onf &mxl;rSEw _ x f u G cf &hJ av.// tqdyk ga±G;aumufy&JG v'fukd =unfjh cif;tm;jzifh *syefjynfov l x l o k nf 0ef}u;D csKyu f t kd Zd rl ED iS hf LDPygwt D ay: ,H=k unfrr_ sm;onf twdu k t f cHygwD DPJtay: ,H=k unfrr_ sm;xuf rsm;pGmomvGeaf eonfukd oufaojyvdu k o f uJo h @kd &Scd ahJ vonf? tqdyk ga±G;aumufyrJG wdik rf D atmufvw $ af wmfwiG t f rwfae&m(212)ae&m &So d nfh LDPonf a&G;aumufyt JG +y;D wGif trwfae&m(296)ae&m&&Scd o hJ nft h wGuf (84)ae&mxyfrH tom&&Scd +hJ y;D rlvu atmufvw $ af wmfwiG f trwfae&m(177)ae&m&Sad ecJo h nfh DPJygwo D nf a±G;aumufyt JG +y;D wGif (113)ae&mom &&Scd o hJ jzifh trwfae&m(64)ae&myifq;kH &_;H cJ=h u&onf(*syefatmufvw $ af wmf.pkpak ygif;trwfO;D a&rSm 480 jzpfonf//) Tod@k tjywftowf&;H_ edrchf &hJ aoma=umifh twdu k t f cHDPJygw. D acgi;f aqmifjzpfol 'Katsuya Okada'onf &mxl;rSEw _ x f u G cf &hJ +y;D ygww D iG ;f acgi;f aqmifopf a±G;cs,fyGJudk pufwifbmv(17)&ufae@wGif usif;yjyKvkyfcJh=uonf?xdka&G;aumufyGJwGif touf(43) ESpfom&Sdaoonfh 'Seiji Maehara'onf DPJygwD. acgi;f aqmifa[mif;wOD;vnf;jzpfaom 0g&ifEh ikd if aH &;orm;vnf;jzpfol 'Naoto Kan'tm; tEdik &f &Scd jhJ cif;jzifh DPJygw. D acgi;f aqmifopfjzpfvmcJ. h /

H iG f [m&Dued ;f 'Rita' 0ifa&mufwu kd cf u kd f Ð tar&duefEikd if w H iG f ppfqef‹usiaf &;qENjycsw D ufyJG 'Wa- Ð tar&duefEikd if w jyefjcif;/ shington' wGijf yKvky/f

Ð tar&duefEikd if w H iG f pufwifbm v(24)&ufae@u ppfqef@usiaf &;qEN jyol ta,mufwode;f cef@ 'Washington' +rKd @od@k csw D ufqENjycJ=h uonf? tck w}urd q f ENjyr_onf tD&wfppfypJG wifchJ onfhtcsdefrS vuf&SdtcsdeftwGif; vl tiftm;trsm; qH;k [kqo kd nf? qENjyol rsm;. awmif;qdak ºu;a=umfrr_ sm;rSm tD &wfppfyGJudk &yfqdkif;ypf&efESifh tar&d uefppfom;rsm; wdik ;f jynfo@kd csujf cif; jyefvm&efw@kd jzpfonf? tqdyk gqENjyr_wiG f xl;jcm;vmonf rSm ,cifu tar&dueforwbk&Sf. ay:vpD u d k axmuf c H c J h o l / bk & S f u d k

axmufct H m;ay;cJo h t l csK@d vnf; qENjy olrsm;ESit hf wl yl;aygi;f yg0ifvmcJo h nf? xd@k twl tD&wfppfyw JG iG f usq;kH cJah om ppfonfw@kd . rdbaqGrsK;d rsm;vnf; OD; aqmifyg0ifc=hJ uonf? od@k &mwGif ,if;qENjyyGo J nf 'Washington'+rKd @wGif qufvufqENjyae =upOf (25)&ufae@wGif tD&wfppfyu JG kd axmufcq H ENjyoltcsK@d (tiftm; 500 rS 20000 =um;cef@&So d nf)h ay:xGuv f m cJ+h y;D (3)em&Dcef@t=umwGif qENjyyGrJ sm; tm;vH;k +y;D qH;k oGm;cJ=h uonf? tvm;wl yif t*FvefEdkifiH/ vef'ef+rdK@wGifvnf; ,if;(24)&ufae@wGif tiftm;(1000) cef@&Sad om ppfqef@usiaf &; qENjyyGJ jzpf yGm;cJah vonf? tjcm;tiftm;r}uD;rm;vSwJh ppf qef@usiaf &;qENjyyGrJ sm; jzpfymG ;cJah om +rd K @rsm;rS m 'Los Angeles', 'San Francisco'+rdK@rsm;ESifhtwl Oa&my&Sd 'Paris'+rdK@/(jyifopf)ESifh tDwvDEdkifiH&Sd 'Rome'+rKd @rsm;jzpfonf?

Ðtar&duefEikd if w H iG 'f Katrina' trnf&dS [m&Dued ;f (rkew f ikd ;f ) 0if a&mufwu kd cf u kd cf +hJ y;D r=umrDrmS yif/ pufwifbmv(24)&ufae@wGif 'Rita'trnf e J @ [m&D u d e f ; (rk e f wdik ;f )wvH;k 'Texas'jynfe,f/ t

a&S@bufurf;ajcrS xyfrH0ifa&mufcJhjyefonf? t"du0ifa&mufco hJ nfah 'orSm 'Texas'ESifh 'Louisiana'jynfe,fw@kd udk 0if a&mufcjhJ cif;jzpfonf? tckw}urd 0f ifa&mufcahJ omrkew f ikd ;f a=umifh 'Texas'ESihf 'Louisiana'jynf e,f&dS vlO;D a&wpfoef;cef@ avmavmq,f vSsypf pfr;D rsm;r&&Sb d jJ zpfae=u&+y;D /,if;rkef wdik ;f r0ifa&mufrSD +rKd @udpk eG @f I xGuaf jy;=upOf c&D;onfwifbwfpu f m;wpD; rD; avmifum vl(24)OD; aoqH;k cJo h nf? rkew f ikd ;f 'Rita'r0ifa&mufrSD jynfo(l 3)oef;ausmf +rKd @udpk eG @f cGmxGuaf jy;cJ=h u&+y;D ,cktcgwiG f wzGzJ jJG yefvnf a&muf&v dS mae=u+yjD zpfonf? 'Katrina'rkew f ikd ;f 0ifa&mufwu kd f cdu k cf phJ OfwiG f 'New Orleans'+rKd @&Sd jynfol (10˜000)ausmf aoqH;k cJ&h +y;D / aoqH;k olrsm;udk xyfr&H mS azGawG@&Szd , G &f m &Sad eao; onf[q k . kd ? od@k &mwGif rkew f ikd ;f 'Rita'.'%fa=umifh aoqH;k olO;D a&rSm (1)OD;om &Sad eao;.// tqdyk grek w f ikd ;f 'Rita' 0ifa&muf+y;D r=umrDrmS yif a&eHEiS hf "gwq f aD ps;E_;H rsm; xd;k wufco hJ nfh jy\emESihf &ifqikd af e&+y;D aps;E_;H rsm; qufvufwufz, G &f m&So d nf [kq. kd / rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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twd‹k txd

udzk ;kd wl ,ae@xd vlysK=d u;D jzpfav.? vlysK}d u;D jzpf&jcif;url xl;onf[k qdEk ikd f onf? urBmay:wGif vlysK}d u;D tysK}d u;D t rsm;tjym;&Sdygonf? xdkxdkaom vlysLd }u;D tysK}d u;D rsm;wGif xl;uJaom obm 0awG & S d w wf o nf ? xd k o bm0awG a=umifv h nf; 'Dvkd a*:rpGaH wG jzpf=uwm rsm;avonf? txl;taxGawmhr[kw?f wcsK@d u uyfap;enf;vGe;f ojzif/h wcsK@d url ZDZm a=umifvGef;ojzifh wcsKd@uawmh acs; (*s;D )rsm;vGe;f ojzif/h wcsK@d uawmh ypdy pyfrsm;vGef;ojzifh/ wcsKd@uawmh tdrf axmifom;arG;udk pdwfukefojzifh/ w csK@d uawmh vGwv f w G v f yfvyfae&wm udk oabmawG@ojzifh/ wcsKd@uawmh bmoma&;a=umif/h avmuDoo H &m r &Snv f akd wmhojzifh qdyk gawmhæ? usGEkfyfwdk@. cspfvSpGmaomudkzkd;wl vlysK}d u;D jzpf&jcif;um; xdo k @kd aom t a=umif;wdk@a=umifh r[kwf&ygacs/ o abmaumif; raemaumif; uav;cspf wwfaom oHa,mZOf arwWm}uD;vS aom udzk ;dk wlum; rpGI H vnf; r[kwyf g yJ tdraf xmifjyKcsiv f suf jyKciG rhf om&Sm aoma=umifo h m vlysK}d u;D jzpfae&jcif;yif wnf;? jyKciG rhf omonfu e³t³z Akv d cf sKyf }u;D qdo k al wGa=umifah vmæ/ 8888 'Drkd ua&pDorm;awGa=umifah vmæ[lum; ajym&cufygbdawmif;? pmzwfolom pOf;pm;tajzay;ygavmh/ jzpfyu kH m; Tod@k wnf;? vif;ygt?hH

1988 ckEpS /f 8888 ta&;awmfy}kH u;D ay: ayguaf omtcg udzk ;kd wlonf 16 ESpf om;jzpfavonf/ txufwef;ausmif;om;om jzpf ao;onf? wuUodkvfausmif;om;yif rjzpfao;? od@k aomf a&cJacsmif;onf/ q wWmonfyifrusef wjynfwwdkif;vHk; awmfveS yf ek u f efawmfr=l uukeaf om o r,Y udzk ;dk wlvnf; cGyaf 'gi;f tvHuikd cf hJ onfayg/h aºu;a=umfoH wdik cf o hJ nfayg?h vlxpk ifjrifx h uf w&m;yif wwfor# wufa[mvdu k af csao;onfayhg/ wufwufºuºuv_y&f mS ;&if; udzk ;kd wl vnf; txufwef;ausmif;om;acgif; aqmifwOD; jzpfvmcJah wmhonf? onftcsed u f udzk ;kd wlwkd u h 16 ESpf om;qdak wmh pdwaf wGuvnf; v_y&f mS ; aewwfonft h ±G,f r[kwv f m;æ? ppftyk pf ;dk olawGukd qENawGjy&if;u b,fub,fvdkjzpfonfrod/ qENjy ausmif;olav;wOD;udk &ifxJuqEN awG jyrdawmhonf?

wu,fawmh aumifrav;uvnf; udk zd;k wlw@kd &yfuu G x f u J jrifz;l odz;l ae us? twef;rwlayr,fh ausmif;uawmh twlwu l ;kd ? aumifrav;u 9 wef;/ udk zd;k wlu 10 wef;? aumifrav;uvnf; udzk ;kd wlukd oH a,mZOfjzpfyHkay:ygonf? udkzdk;wlu vnf; aºu;a=umfoaH wGwikd &f if; aumif rav;ESihf t=unfq h v kH #if toHawG wkef wkefoGm;wwfonf? aumifrav;u vnf; ajcvSr;f awG rSm;rSm;ukeo f q d ykd gp@kd ? qENjy&if; ac|;wvH;k vH;k ESihf armae aomudzk ;kd wlukd aumifrav;u vuf udik yf 0k gav; ay;wwfonf? udzk ;kd wlvnf; tm;ememESihf ,l ,l okwo f jzifh vufuikd yf 0k gav;awG ay ayukeo f nf? qENjyyJu G mv &Snv f mo vdk olw@kd oHa,mZOfawG ydu k ek o f nf qdk ygawmhæ? onfvdkESifh =o*kwfvrSonf puf wifbmod@k a&mufvm.? wdwyd y qd&k aomf pufwifbm 17 &ufn/ ppfwyf u tm%mrodr;f rDn? udzk ;kd wlw@kd u tpmiwfcH qENjy=u onf? aumifrav;uvnf;ygonf/ 36 em&Davmufqakd wmh nvH;k ayguaf yg?h xkn d rSm tpmiwfiwfEiS yhf if aumif rav;udk udzk ;kd wl&ifziG rhf ad wmhonf? “Adu k q f mae+yv D m;æ”[k aumifr av;uar;awmh “qmawmh qmwmaygh[mæ”[k udzk ;kd wlu ajz./ “tcktcsdefrSm vdkwm,lqdk&if eif bmpm;csifvJæ”[k aumifrav;u ar;./ “tpm;awmh rpm;csiyf gb;l [m/ vdk wm&r,fqkd 'Dru kd a&pDvckd siw f maygæ h ”

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

[k udzk ;kd wlu ajz./? “'Drdkua&pDuawmh &awmhrSmyg [mæ”[k aumifrav;uqdjk yef./ “'gqdk&ifawmh igvdkcsifwm wck&Sd w,f[æ”[k udzk ;kd wlu wk;d wd;k wkef wkeEf iS hf acgi;f iHq k akd v.// “bmvnf;[æ”[k aumifrav; u ar;+y;D rS udzk ;kd wltrlt,mud=k unfh &if; oabmayguo f mG ;[efjzifh olvnf; tvdv k kd acgi;f iH@k av.// “igvckd siw f m eifay;ygvm;[mæ” [k udzk ;kd wlu t&JpeG @f um cyf±@HG ±G@H ajym &if; wHawG;+rKcd sav.// “tif;-tJ'gu 'Dru kd a&pD&wJah e@us ay;rSmayg[ h mæ” [k ajym&if; ae&mrSm cGmoGm;av./? “at;-wu,faemfæ”[k udzk ;kd wl u 0rf;omoHjzifhajym&if; acgif;armh =unfhawmh aumifrav; cyfa0;a0; a&mufomG ;avawmhonf/ xdo k @kd jzifh udzk ;kd wlu ‘cspw f ,f’[l aom pum;rygyJ aumifrav;udk cspf a&;qd+k y;D aysmrf qH;k cif ppfwyfrS tm%m odr;f vdu k af vawmh&m udzk ;kd wlEiS hf 'Dru kd a&pD tvSr;f uGmcJo h vdk aumifrav;ESihf vnf; tvSr;f uGmcJah wmhonf/ odk ah omf Zmwfvrf;u TwGirf qH;k yJ udak pmarmifw@kd u a±G;aumufyv GJ yk f ay; tm%mvJa$ y;+y;D ppfwef;vsm;jyef rnfqakd omtcg 'Dru kd a&pDEiS hf aumifr av;wd@k tvSr;f eD;ovdv k kd jzpfvmjyef avonf? ygwaD wGz@GJ =u+y/D udzk ;kd wlw@kd vnf; yif eDawG cGyaf 'gi;f &ifx;kd awGEiS ahf yg?h xdpk Of u ausmif;om;ygwu D ‘vl@abmifopf 'Dru kd &ufwpfygw?D “jynfov l x l w k &yfv;kH om pnf;vH;k

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twd‹k txd nD!w G =f ur,fq&kd if b,fvt kd m%m &Sirf sKd;udrk qkd awmfveS jf zKwfcsEkid w f ,f qdw k hJ awmfveS af &;tbd"rRmopfw&yf udk urBmt&yf&yfu igwd@k vdk tzdEydS cf H jynfolawG aumif;aumif;}uD;em; vnf; oabmaygufomG ;atmif igwd@k &J@ wdu k f yJ0G if trsK;d om;cGyaf 'gi;f tvHukd tjrifhrm;qHk;v$ifhxl=updk@æ”qdkaom rdk;oD;ZGefwdk@ rif;udkEdkifwdk@ a[majym onhrf ed @f cGe;f awGt=um; udzk ;kd wlw@kd w ud, k v f ;kH wzde;f zde;f w&Sed ;f &Sed ;f ESihf tm; wufc&hJ onfayg/h udzk ;kd wlrmS olrsm;awGxufy+kd y;D 'Drkd ua&pDvdkcsifcJholqdkawmh ydkvdk@ tm; wufvy_ &f mS ;cJo h nfayg?h odk@aomf r=umygacs/ armifrif;}uD; om; ppfAv kd af wGu ppfom;yDyD Zmwdjy av+y?D udzk ;kd wlw@kd vl@abmifopfukd rw&m; toif; a=unmawmhonf/ or*~acgi;f aqmif rif;udEk ikd u f zkd rf;.? udrk ;kd oD;ZGef vnf; ajrv#K;d rd;k ys&H awmhonf? udzk ;kd wl wd@k vnf; yke;f [Jh a&Smif[ahJ ygæ h ? vl@abmifopfr&Sad wmhonfr@kd udzk ;kd wlwdk@vnf; tzJG@csKyfvli,ftjzpf t oGiaf jymif;&avawmhonf? aemufawmh txufwef;ausmif; awGjyefziG ahf wmh udzk ;kd wlw@kd u tajccHy nmausmif;om;rsm;or*~(tuo)ayg?h 'Drdkua&pD&zdk@awmh udkzdk;wlwdk@rSm bmudrk rS a=umuftm;// odwt hJ wdik ;f udk zd;k wlu olrsm;xuf 'Dru kd a&pD ydv k ckd sif olu;kd / 'DvEkd iS hf (tuo)tjzpf v_y&f mS ;&if;

udzk ;kd wlw@kd tzrf;cH&onf?aumifrav; uawmh tzrf;cH&wJx h J ryg? taxmuftxm;rrdojzifh qdkum jyefvw G o f mG ;onf/ udzk ;kd wlw@kd udk tcsKyf xJxm;awmh aumifrav;u axmif0if pm vmvmawG@onf/ vmawG@onfqdkayr,fh &Jtapmifh awGjcm;um 2 udu k t f uGmavmufu atmfajym&wmrsK;d rd@k udzk ;kd wl tcspu f kd rzGiv hf pS o f mtm;? zGiv hf pS cf si&f ifvnf; &nf;pm;pum; udk atmfajymrS &rnft h ajctaeud;k / 1990 a&mufawmh udzk ;kd wlw@kd jyef vGwo f nf? rwfvrSm pmar;yJaG wGajz +y;D arva&mufawmh a±G;aumufy?GJ aumifrav;udkvnf; udkzdk;wlu wylpmpm vkyv f eG ;f ojzifh a±G;aumufyGJ rSm tzJ@G csKyu f Edik v f #if tajzay;rnf[k qdkojzifh udkzdk;wlrSm olwdk@+rdK@e,fu v$waf wmfu, kd pf m; vS,af vmif;xuf yif olu ydv k kd Eh ikd af pcsiaf eawmhonf? udzk ;kd wlqENjynfyh gonf? a±G;aumuf yJGrSm tzJG@csKyfu tjywftowfudkEdkif onf? rJawG a&wGuf tajz&onfh tJ onfnu udzk ;kd wlrmS vrf;ay:xGuf u

csifpdwfaygufatmifudk aysmfaecJhyg awmhonf? aysmfonfhtwdkif;vnf; aumifr av;u ol@udk tajzay;ygonf? wqifh wufv@kd vufxyfz@kd qdw k mrsK;d udak wmh ‘wu,f'rD u kd a&pD&rS’[kawmh ynwf onf/ 'guawmh jy\emr&S/d jynfo@l ygwD u a&G;aumufyGJ tjywftowfEikd af eyg +yq D rkd aS wmh 'Dru dk a&pDqo kd nfu vuf wurf;yJ r[kwv f m;// vufwurf;qdkojzifh csufjcif;}uD; 'Drdkua&pD&rSmudkawmh udkzdk;wl enf; enf;pdwyf o l vdk jzpfrcd ahJ o;onf/ aumifr av;u olajymxm;ovdk “uJ-'Dru kd a&pD&+yæ D / vm vufxyf r,fæ”[k ajymv#iaf wmhtcuf/ bmrS jyifqifxm;wm tqifoifh rjzpfao; bl;r[kwv f m;/ rdbawGuawmh oabmwlrnft h ajctae// 'DvEkd iS hf ppfwef;vsm;jyefrnfqo kd =l u;D vnf; ppfwef;vsm;rjyefEikd yf J ±l;oGm;o vd k v d k j zpf o nf q d k u m &mxl ; csus/ aemufawmh uG,v f eG o f mG ;awmhonf/ 8888 rS 9999 a&mufcJhonf// 'DrD u kd a&pDrrS jzpfvm? 'Dru kd a&pD&aJ bmf }u;D udzk ;kd wlvnf; v_y&f mS ;&if; wdu k yf 0GJ if &if; jynfya&mufvmavawmhonf/ aumifrav;uawmh bJG@awGbm awG&jy;D 'Dru kd a&pDEiS hf udzk ;kd wljyeftvm udk apmifah e&Smonf/ udkzdk;wlwdk@vnf; toufawG 30 ausmcf +hJ y/D udzk ;dk wlrb d awGvnf; qH;k ukef

&Sm+y/D 'Dru kd a&pDuzkd ;kd wlcrsm tdru f kd rjyef Edik &f mS ao;? aumifrav;uvnf; rdbtdak wGEiS hf rd@k udzk ;kd wl&&dS mudk rvdu k v f mEdik af o;// udzk ;kd wlw@kd touf 16 ESpf 17 ESpu f pcJah om 'Dru kd a&pDwu kd yf }GJ u;D u 17 ESp af usmcf +hJ y/D udzk ;kd wlw@kd vnf; toufawG 2 q }u;D vdk h 34ESpaf usmcf +hJ y/D vlysK}d u;D tysKd }u;D awGvnf;jzpfc+hJ y/D olwdk@qHkawG@rnfhumvu b,f awmhvq J o kd nfukd udzk ;kd wlrodEikd af o;? EdkifiHawmf}uD;u t"Gef h&Snfr&Snf awmhrod// 'Drdkua&pDwdkufyJGuawmh t"Ge@f &Snv f +S y/D udzk ;kd wlw@kd ausmif;aezufawG ajr;csD aeonht f csed u f srS udzk ;kd wlw@kd jyefq&kH rSmrsKd;awmh rjzpfapcsif? udkzdk;wlwdk@ vnf; vlysK}d u;D b0u vGwcf siv f +S y/D a=omf - 'D r d k u a&pD w d k u f y J G u &Snv f yS gbad wmif;æ?

(o±kyaf zmfyrkH sm;udk rd;k rctifwmeufrS ul;,lazmfjyygonf)

rvGwv f yfoa±G‹ tmZmenf0if;armfO;D udk tr#ra0ao;[k rdbrsm;rSajym &Spaf v;vH;k ta&;awmfy}kH u;D tm; tm%modr;f t+y;D qENjyolrsm;tm; ypfcwfErdS ef if;cJI h ppftyk pf u k kd qENjy&if; aoewf'g%&f mrsm;jzifh usq;kH cJ&h ol tmZmenfr0if;armfO;D twGuf 17 ESpyf gwv f nf qGr;f au|;yJu G kd pufwifbm 19 &ufae@u &efuek v f id_ o f m,maetdrw f iG f usi;f ycJo h nf? “orD;[m wjynfv;kH vGwv f yfz@kd vkycf w hJ m? tck rvGwv f yfao;bl;? 'ga=umihf ol@twGuf qGr;f au|;ayrJh bke;f }u;D awGukd tr#ra0bk@d awmif;yefxm;ygw,fæ/ ESpw f ikd ;f ygyJ? 'DEpS v f J orD;twGuf tr#ra0ao;ygbl;æ? rvGwv f yfao;vd@k ayghaemfæ”[k olr.rdbrsm;u ajymjyonf? =unhjf rifw h ikd f t³v³u(4)rS tXrwef;ausmif;ol r0if;armfO;D onf 88 ckEpS f e³t³z ppftm%m odr;f cJo h nfukd qef@usiu f ef@uGuo f nht f aejzifh Adv k cf sKyaf tmifqef;"gwyf u kH ikd u f m ausmif;om;rsm;ESihf twl ql;avbk&m;ukyd wfI qENjypOf ppfwyfrS aoewfjzihyf pfcwfojzihf usq;kH cJ&h onf? olronf“Adv k cf sKyf"gwfykH ajray:us&if igwd@k tzJ@G usr,fæ/ Adv k cf sKyfykH ajrrusatmif udik &f r,fæ”[k ajymqdu k m ajr}u;D ay: 0yfwmG ;raecJI h aoewf 3 csux f rd eS u f m aq;±Hkodk@o,fEdkifcJh+yD;rS usqHk;oGm;cJhjcif;[k olr.zcifrS ajymjycJhonf? r0if;armfOD;qGrf;au|;yJGodk@ ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif rif;udkEdkif/ udkudk}uD;ESifh trsKd; om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKy0f ifrsm;tygt0if tiftm; 300 cef@ wufa&mufco hJ nf? (vGwv f yfaomowif;tzJ@G rS) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg;

rme,fyavmc&D;onf armifpif-u,f a=uuGp J &mrsm; ,cktcg usaemfaxmifuvGwv f monfrmS ESpv f ausmcf ef@&Sad v+y?D tcuftcJEiS hf t=uyftwnf;rsm;um; usaemfyh wfywfvnfwiG f 0kid ;f &Haeavonf? rif;jypfrif; '%fjzifh axmifuxGuv f moljzpfI pma&;cGiv hf nf;r&Sad wmh? a&;om;yguvnf; rnfonfph me,fZif;ur# rxnf&h =J u? ,kwpf t G qH;k usaemf. yifpifvpmukyd if y xrvwGio f mxkwaf y;+y;D 'kw, d vwGif ydwyf pfvu kd af vonf? TwGif usaemht f wGuf awG;p&mawG wyHw k yif}u;D ay:vmavonf? usaemf onf jrpf0u|e;f ay: Zmwdom;wOD;jzpfI jy\emw&yfudk pOf;pm;qifjcifv#if a&ukjd rifvmwwf+y;D a&ESichf siI hf =unfw h wfonf? usaemfw@dk .b0onf ppftyk pf k vufatmufY a&enf;ig;b0rS wpwpjzifh a&cef;ig;b0ok@d a&mufIvmav+y?D ig;cl ig;usn;f uJo h @dk wGi;f ,ufwiG ;f atmif;aeEkid rf S touf&iS Ef idk af yawmhrnf? txl;ojzifh usaemfonf axmif.b0ESihf axmif.jrifuiG ;f tm; rsm;pGmpufqyk f oGm;avonf? toufuvnf; &vm+yjD zpfI aemufwacguf axmifxo J @dk jyefr 0ifcsiaf wmh? Tok@d &Sad epOf wcsed u f usaemhOf uUXa[mif;jzpfol OD;xGe;f ±H(k 0g)ref;xGe;f ±H(k yg vDreftwGi;f 0efa[mif;)u ajrmif;jrrSaeI pma&;+y;D ac:onf? ta&;}u;D aom pum;vnf; ajymcsiaf =umif;/ ol.use;f rma&;rSmvnf; vH;k 0raumif;awmh a=umif; pmxJwiG f xnfah &;xm;onf? acgi;f aqmifwOD;ESihf vl}u;D wOD;.pmjzpfI usaemfw h iG w f m0ef&adS eonf? T ae&mwGif usaemfu, dk w f ikd o f nfvnf; jrpf0u|e;f ay:bufo@dk oGm;vko d nfq h EN &daS eonf? ok@d &mwGif Tc&D;twGuf usaemfrsm;pGm t&Ju;dk &rnfudk em;vnfxm; onf? ta=umif;rl axmifuxGuv f monfrmS ESpv f ausmaf usmrf #om&Sad o;onf? xd@k xufuo J nfrmS ,ckwacguf axmifx0J if&onfrmS bku d av;atmufbuf wGijf zpfymG ;aom wku d yf u JG dk ta=umif;jyKaejyefaoma=umifv h nf; jzpfonf? ok@d &mwGif aus;Zl;&Sad om acgi;f aqmifa[mif;wOD;tm; aemufq;kH awG@qHjk cif; jzpfEikd o f nf[k ,lqaoma=umifh ,if;c&D;twGuf t&Ju;dk &ef usaemfq;kH jzwfvu kd f onf? usaemfZh mwde,fom;ESihf usaemfw h ynfjh zpfol ukb d jrift h m; tazmfjyKI {&m0wDoabFmjzifh &efuek rf S ajrmif;jrok@d xGuv f mcJo h nf? aemufwae@eHeuf ajrmif;jra&mufv#if OD;xGe;f ±H&k &dS m u|e;f awmaetdro f @dk wku d f ±du k yf ifomG ;onf? tdy&f mxufwiG f oufomovkd vJavsmif; aeaom OD;xGe;f ±Ho k nf usaemfu h adk wG@&v#if pdwt f m;wif;+y;D ukvm;xkdifay:okd@ a±$@xdkifonf? usaemhfukdawG@&ojzifh ol@crsm 0rf;om&Smaomfvnf; tiftm;um;r&Sad wmh? pum;udk wvH;k csi;f ajym&mrSmyif em;em;I ajymae&&Smonf? ok@d &mwGif OD;xGe;f ±Hk bmajymonfqo kd nfudk usaemfem;vnfonf? o abmayguo f nf? OD;xGe;f ±H. k rsuv f ;kH tdrx f u J vif;wcsD arSmif wvSnhf cHpm;r_a0'em tcd;k taiG@rsm;ukyd g usaemft"dyg` ,f aumuf,I l &avonf? usaemf OD;xGe;f ±Ht k m; OD;csI uef awmhvu kd o f nf? xkad e@nae ajrmif;jrrS&efuek o f @dk jyefxu G f vmaomoabFmjzifh usaemfjyefvu kd v f monf? jrpf0u|e;f ay:. obm0t& jrpfurf;ab;wbufwcsupf D wGif wnfxm;aom ±Gmpkuav;rsm;tm; vrf;wavsmuf usaemfai;pdu k =f unfv h mrdonf? od@k &mwGif a&S;,cifcgrsm;u ,if;±Gmpkuav;rsm;tm; =unf±h a_ i;arm&if; jzpf&aomyDwd onf ,cktacguw f iG f usaemfYh aysmufaeonf? jrpfurf;ESpf zufab;&Sd ±Gmpkuav;rsm;onf wdwfqdwfvGef;vSonf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg; +ird o f ufveG ;f vSonf? vlorl sm;yif &Sad o;&J@vm;[k xif rSwzf , G &f o dS nf? TwGif ajrmif;jrrS &Jabmfrsm;ESihf rdwf aqGrsm; ajymvku d af ompum;rsm;ukd usaemfjyefvnf =um;a,mifvu kd rf o d nf? 1991 ckESpf/ pufwifbmvESifh atmufwdkbmv twGi;f Y bdu k av;+rKd @atmufyikd ;f wGif jzpfymG ;aom wku d f yGu J kd ta=umif;jyKvsuf jrpf0u|e;f ay: {&m0wDwikd ;f +rKd @ e,fwidk ;f Y vlzrf;yGo J nf =urf;wrf;vSonf? tjypf&o dS l a&m/ tjypfr&Sdola&m ±dkufESufn‡if;yrf;ESdyfpufjcif; cH=u&onf? axmifoiG ;f tusO;f csjcif;cH=u&onf? tcsK@d aom&Gmrsm;wGif t±kyv f nf;qd;k / tjzpfvnf;qk;d =uonf? txl;ojzifh vyGwmW +rKd @e,f/ odyu H` ek ;f }u;D &GmY rdom;pk vdkuf owfjzwfjcif;cH=u&onf? bdkuav;+rdK@atmuf bufykdif; wdkufyGJjzpfyGm;&m a'owGif;usa&mufaom ‘tkef;yifacsmif;’w&GmvHk;rSm a&wGif azsmufzsufjcif; cH=u&onf[k rdwaf qGrsm;u ajymjy=uonf? usaemfh&ifrSm wvSyfvSyfjzpfvmonf? usaemf}udK wifwGufqxm;onfhtwdkif; bkduav;atmufykdif; wdu k yf o JG nf aoG;pGe;f aom orkid ;f pmrsuEf mS wck jzpfomG ; onf? ,if;udpEP iS yhf ufoufI ppfaxmufvrS ;f a&;tzG@J u usaemfu h kd zrf;qD;ac:aqmifomG ;onfn h / raemf[&Dvrf;&Sd trSw(f 6) ppfaaxmufvrS ;f a&;tcsKycf ef;Y ppfaq;olrsm;tm; usaemfyiG yhf iG v hf if;vif;ESihf &Si;f &Si;f yifajymjycJo h nf? ,if;tcdu k f usaemfonf vluom ajrmif;jr-&efuek f ESpx f yfoabFmay:wGif &Sad eaomfvnf; usaemfah 0'emu trSw(f 6) ppfaxmufvrS ;f a&;tcsKycf ef;ok@d jyefa&mufomG ;avonf? *syef0ifpwGif bku d av;e,fatmufyidk ;f Y xkpd Ofu vlrsK;d a&;ESib hf moma&; yÉdyuQjzpfcb hJ ;l onf? zufqpfawmfveS af &; eD;uyfvmaomtcg ,if;yÉdyuQ. '%f&m'%fcsurf sm;tm; ukpm;aomtm;jzifh Adv k cf sKyaf tmifqef;onf bdu k av;atmufyidk ;f &Sd pufp±k mG wGif csp=f unfa&;ESihf nDnw G af &;w&m; oGm;a[mcJo h nf? Tokd jh zifh zufqpfawmfveS af &;qifEaJ$ omtcg tzktxpfr&S/d acsmarG@cJah vonf? ,if;ok@d tema[mif;&Scd zhJ ;l aom bku d av;e,fatmufyidk ;f ppfqifa&;tm; ppf a&;tjrifwckwnf;jzifo h m ajz&Si;f rnfqykd gu tema[mif;ay:wGif temopfygay:vm+y;D vlrsK;d a&;/ bmoma&;emusn;f r_rsm; xyfqifjh zpfvmEdik af =umif; trSw(f 6)ppf axmufvrS ;f a&;tcsKycf ef;Y usaemfu h rkd suEf mS rjy&Jorl sm;tm; &Si;f jycJo h nf? TwGif olw@kd u usaemht f m; Ekid if aH &;w&m;a[monfqu dk m rD;tarSmifcsI tcef;wHcg;ukyd g ydwv f u kd af vonf?

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal owif;aqmif;yg;

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*syefutrdu + f jrefrmudak &mif; rd;k rcowif;-(armifvwfe)D *syefEikd if /H tD&dS um0gc±dkif&Sd NO TO&xm;aumf y d k a&;&Si;f u toH;k r ðyawmh o nf h 'D Z,f&xm;wJG 13 wJu G kd *syefurk % ` D wcku yJGpm;vkyf ay;wJt h wGuf jref rmEdik if u H dk a&mif;jzpfomG ;a=umif; od&ygw,f? 'D&xm;wJ[ G m 1987 ESihf 1990 ckEpS rf sm;uae 2005 ckEpS f rwfv 31 &uf ae@xd tD&u dS m0gc±dik u f NOTO&xm;aumfyakd &;&Si;f rSm ajy;qJcG w hJ hJ &xm;awG jzpfygw,f? NT-100 trsK;d tpm; 'D&xm;wJaG wGu xdik cf kH 48 cHyk g0if+y;D c&D;onf 104 a,muf pD;Edik yf gw,f? jrefrmEdik if u H akd &mif;csr,fh &xm;wJG 13 wJx G u J 6 wJ[ G m pufwifbm 12 &ufae@rSm em*d, k mòr@qdyu f rf;udk a&muf&cdS yhJ gw,f? tJ'u D rSwqifh jrefrmEdik if u H kd yd@k aqmifrmS jzpfygw,f? aemufxyf 7 wJu G akd wmh Ed0k ifbmvxJrmS yJ em*d, k mqdyf urf;uwqifh qufvufy@kd aqmifygvrd rhf ,f? 'D&xm;wJaG wGukd &efuek òf r@u òr@ywf &xm;awGrmS toH;k ðyr,fv@kd od&ygw,f? *syefrmS tckvt kd oH;k rðyawmhwhJ &xm;wJt G a[mif;awGukd zsuq f ;D ypfr,f qd&k if wwJu G kd tenf;qH;k *syef,ef;aiG 6 ode;f ukeu f sr,fv@kd od&ygw,f? 'Dawmh jrefrmjynfukd a&mif;vdu k &f wJt h wGuf zsuq f ;D p&dwo f ufomovdk 0ifaiGvnf; txdu k t f avsmuf&oGm;wJh oabmygy?J jrefrmEdik if t H aeeJ@ *syefEikd if rH S J.ReJ@ ISEI&xm;aumfya kd &;&Si;f wd@k u &xm;ta[mif;awGukd wifoiG ;f cJzh ;l ygw,f?

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rvJv h OhJ ;D rav;av; rwifwif0if; udpk ;kd jrifx h eG ;f udak tmifoufEikd f udAk [de;f wif ud0k if;aX; udak y:vGiaf tmif udak rmifarmifO;D šrtdoufpH udak pmode;f

pkpak ygi;f 213000(ESpq f ,fw h aomif;oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d

jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDa&;v_y&f mS ;olrsm;tzG@J (BDA Group)rS aumufc& H &Sad iG ra':vD udrk sKd;jrifah qG udx k eG ;f xGe;f Edik f udak tmifatmifvi_d f racsmeENmxGe;f rrDro D ef;0if; udo k ef;aqG udak usmfausmfxeG ;f udrk if;xufaZmf udw k ;kd =unfaqG udak rmifarmifat; ud&k efEikd pf ;kd rcifEmN OD; udak Zmf0if;vdif_ f udrk sKd;rGef udak ZmfawmifvD udak usmfp;kd udb k ek ;f vdi_ f udpk ;kd 0if;&Sed f udo k ed ;f a±$ udn k n D aD usmf udpk ;kd oD[ udjk rifx h eG ;f

2000 ,ef; 2000 ,ef; 1500 ,ef; 1000 ,ef; 1000 ,ef; 1000 ,ef; 1000 ,ef; 1000 ,ef; 1000 ,ef; 500 ,ef;

15000 ,ef; 8000 ,ef; 7000 ,ef; 6000 ,ef; 6000 ,ef; 6000 ,ef; 5000 ,ef; 5000 ,ef; 5000 ,ef; 4000 ,ef; 4000 ,ef; 4000 ,ef; 4000 ,ef; 3000 ,ef; 3000 ,ef; 3000 ,ef; 3000 ,ef; 3000 ,ef; 2000 ,ef; 2000 ,ef; 2000 ,ef; 2000 ,ef; 2000 ,ef; rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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26 }urd af jrmuf *syefEikd if wH iG f todrwS ðf y/ tajccsaexdik vf #uf&odS rl sm;twGuf ,Ofaus;r_yaGJ wmf

tm&Swu kd o f m;rsm;. vlrz_ v l akH &;ESihf ynma&;azmifa';&Si;f ’rS OD;pD;I *syefEikd if w H iG f ESp&f n S af exdik o f rl sm;ESihf tajccsaexdik v f #u&f o dS rl sm; twGuf ,Ofaus;r_rw d q f ufyaGJ wmfukd 2005 ckEpS /f atmufwb kd mv 23 &ufae@wGif usi;f yrnfjzpfonf? ðyvkycf +hJ y;D aom yJaG wmfrsm;wGif tif'ckd sKid ;f em;'kuo Q nfrsm;. v_yf &Sm;r_rsm;om ðyvkycf ahJ omfvnf; ,QKEpS rf pS I jrefrmEdik if o H m;rsm;ESihf jrefrmjynfta=umif;udk {nfyh &dowfrsm;odEikd af p&ef rdwq f ufðyvkyf jcif;tjyif jrefrmh,Ofaus;r_ tqd/k tursm;yg azsmaf jzwifqufrnf jzpfojzihf rysurf uGuf ºua&muftm;ay;=uyg&ef owif;aumif;yg; tyfygonf? usif;yrnfah e@? ? 2005 atmufwb kd m 23 &uf(we*FaEGae@) usif;yrnft h csde?f ? ae@vnf 1;00 em&DrS nae 4;00 em&Dtxd usif;yrnfah e&m? ? SHINAGAWA-KU, SOGOKUMIN KAIKAN, 8 KAIDAI HALL, OOIMACHI EKIMAE MARUI DEPT 8F (KEIHIN TOHOKU LINE)

tao;pdyo f v d ykd gu- 'kuo Q nfun l aD pmifah &Smufa&;XmecsKy(f 03 3449 7011)/ http://www.rhq.gr.jp/ rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd rf OS ;D pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

*syefa&muf pmay0goemygol/ pmzwfcsio f rl sm;twGuf

pm=unfw h u kd zf iG &hf uf? ? pae/ we*FaEG/ wevFmESihf ±H;k ydw&f uf pm=unfw h u kd zf iG chf sed f? ? ae@vnf 12;00 em&DrS n 10;00 xd pm=unfw h u kd zf ek ;f eHygwf? ? 03 3364 5163 rSwfcsuf? ? rvmcif zke;f óuqufyg

2005 ckEpS f pmqdak wmfae‹txdr;f trSwf pmaya[majymyJu G si;f yawmhrnf pm=unhw f u kd n f aD emifo;kH ckjzpfaom awmifu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if /H ylc|r;f òr@&Sd ‘a±$o*F[m-jrefrmtoif;pm=unhw f u kd f’/ *syefEikd if H em*d, k mòr@&Sd ‘okw o[m,pm=unfw h u kd ’f / *syefEdkifiH/ wdkusKdòr@&Sd ‘tm[m&pm=unhfwdkuf’wjzpfvJ ‘rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unfw h u kd f’wdk@ESifhtwl *syefEikd if aH &muf pmaycspjf rwfE;kd olrsm;ESiyhf ;l aygi;f I 2005 ckEpS f pmqdak wmfae@txdr;f trSwf pmaya[majymyJu G kd Ed0k ifbmvwGif usi;f yðyvkyrf nfjzpfyga=umif; óuwifowifaumif;yg;tyfygonf? zdwf=um;xm;onfhpma&;q&mrsm;uAsmq&mwifr;kd / uAsmq&marmifprG ;f &nf/ pma&;q&marmifpif=u,f/ pma&;q&mOD;a±$b