Mtk Vol2 No6

2

Moe Thauk Kye Journal t,f'w D mtmabmf

vli,fa h -u;rH= k 7 ‘igomigx h uf/ rmefrwufEiS hf txufaerif;/ av;uíef;csOf;vnf; rvif;wdrw f u kd /f wuíef;rdu k . f ? Edi_ ;f vdu k o f nfom/ Tt&mudk ynm&du S / owd&avmh? vudEk e_ ;f axG/ aeudEk e_ ;f oifh ajrESiyhf rm/ usift h yfpmG .’ wJæ h ? tif;0pmqdk &Sirf [moDv0Ho&J@ qH;k rpum;? tzd;k wefpum;ygæ? rmefwufou l kd rmefp, G u f satmif qH;k rcsu?f av;eufvyS gayw,f? [kwu f æ hJ /rrd u d , kd u f kd ,H=k unfpw d cf swm[m ‘r*Fvm’vd@k Ak'u < a[mcJw h ,f? ‘twWorRm y%D"’d qdw k m rdru d , kd u f kd ,H=k unfrv _ @dk qd&k rSmaygæ h ? ud, k u fh , dk u f kd ,H=k unfpw d cf swmeJ@ rmeaxmifwm wjcm;pD? vufrwaxmifaxmife@J vlv,faumifrmS ajczsm;axmuf+y;D aiguo f H ajcmufoaH wGe@J ajymwmu ‘rme’qdw k hJ rmef&@J vuQ%mæ/ rmef&@J trlt&myg? ‘twWorRmy%D"’d qdw k hJ rdru d , kd u f dk ,H=k unfru _ awmh wnf=unf/ at;csr;f yGio hf pfyef;vdk vef;qef;&ìiyf s =unfvifxeG ;f ywJh vuQ%m&dyS gw,fæ? usuo f a&&d&S Sd ausmufwikd v f kd orm"deJ t h odcikd cf ikd f owdyidk yf ikd ef J rh ,dr;f r,dik f =uchH ikd w f phJ w d f "mwfyg? axmifvmì ;wJo h abm rygygb;l ? ‘rmef’ qdw k m axmifvmì ;r_? axmifvmì ;zd@k qdw k m tvG,af v;? ESrd chf szkd q h w kd mom cufcw J muvm;? 'ga=umif-h ‘rmefrvkycf sifbk rmefvyk v f #if vG,o f nfomy i,frnfrmS ‘e’udo k wf&ykH J ae&yf refa&ìvnfwhJ +rKd rh mefvnfa&ìpnf}u;D yguJG h wD;or# zdrzhf rd w hf ek ’f vdk rh mefvnfq&mawmf}u;D u pmzGJ ch w hJ mayg?h i,femrnf armifrm/ refvnfom;? rmefvyk cf si&f iftvG,af v;&,f? i,femrnfukd ‘e’ owf owfvu kd ±f ykH w J ?hJ &[ef;bGJ h &SiZf 0eqdw k hJ rmefvnfq&mawmf}u;D u qdck w hJ u hJ Asmyg? ‘y'kr/ wkyum eifra,mifeJ h qifajymifukd jcifaumif0g;onfokd h ,m;&Hrk # Oyrm’ wJ?h ‘igu h kd a,mifawmifawmifeJ v h m+y;D wdu k cf u kd &f if qifajymifukd jcifaumif0g;oavmufom &daS wmhrayg’h vkd x h x d rd rd ad &;cJw h mawG owd&rdw,f? vlwikd ;f vlwikd ;f rSm rmef&o dS ifyh gw,f? ‘vlqw kd m rmeeJ yh g ae&mwdik ;f awmh t&SKH ;ray;Ekid b f ;l ’ wJ?h pkid ;f crf;vdwu f a&;+y;D pdik ;f xD;qdik u f qdck w hJ ,f? ud, k u hf , kd u f kd ,H=k unfwt hJ m;rmefxm;zdk v h ydk gw,f?

wifrdk; 25/4/2005

twdki y f ifcHem,mursm; wifr;kd (tar&du) armifpif=u,f (=opa=w;vs) wm0efcHt,f'Dwm rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,ftzJ@G om;rsm; rsufESmzHk;'DZdki ;f apmode;f (rd;k aomuf=u,f) yef;csDo±kya f zmf aX;opf/ armifatmifvD yHE k y dS f BDA Group

jzef@csda&; ud&k w J if(h em*d, k m) 080 3628 9979 0if;ay:armif(ud&k ;D ,m;) 82 1965 65712 rrif;rif;jyKH ;(tar&dum;) 1260 4969 689 aX;Edik (f e,fomvef) 31 6176 76582 pmrlrsm; ay; yd@k vdyk gu(81)3 3364 5163 (81)3 3824 7448 (81)3 5394 4535 (81)5 2654 4186 T 161-0033 SHINJUKU-KU, SHIMO OCHIAI 1-11-7, OCHIAI ECO MANSION 301, TOKYO, JAPAN [email protected] [email protected] Home Page http://www.moethaukkye.com/

tðyoabmaqmifonfh a0zeft=uH ðypmrsm;ESihf pmrlrsm;/ Edik if aH &;owif;/ vlra_ &;owif;rsm;udk rnforl qdk ay;yd@k Edik yf ga=umif; av;pm;pGmjzifh zdwaf c: tyf ygonf?

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

3

vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf touf 60 jynfh arG;ae‹trSww f &

‘pk&@J r*FvmarG;ae@’

‘jynfol&J@a':pk’

wd@k jynfol vGwaf jrmufa&;twGuf EkysKd wt hJ &G,u f kd paw; aoG;om;eJ@ &if;+y;D ,Zfyal ZmfwhJ olawmfpifacgi;f aqmif wd@k tvif;a&mif?

oluvufeufrhJ &efou l vufeufe@J

tckqkd ouf 60 ‘wifw h ,f&yk q f if;/ ysKd rspjf cif;um; tdrk if;aemufq;Hk &Sad cs.’ qdw k hJ tdrk if;&G,f wHcg;0rSm vSwek ;f ywke;f wufºuw G ek ;f pdw"f mwfrus 0dyw ` u Wd mvudk tvSq;Hk acwfo@kd ajymif;r,fv@kd pdwaf rmif;wifxm;wke;f yg? qef;&J@orD; eef;eJ@eD;ygapvd@k c&D;&Sncf sw D ufyrJG mS rvGw J rf; atmifvu H ikd v f @kd EdkifiHudk OD;aqmifEdkifygapvdk@ jynfoal wG 'Da&wufovdk wcJeufqak wmif;vdu k yf gw,f? jynfo@l orD;/ csprf ji;D iJh æ wxD;weef;/ wcrf;wem; ºumG ;ºumG ;0if0h if/h a'gi;f vHvi$ v hf suf vl@tcGit hf a&; 'Dru kd a&pDta&; +ird ;f csr;f a&; ta&;awmfyHk urBmwkefatmif atmifyGJcHapa=umif; atmifpnfatmifarmif;xd;k +y;D wyfveS @f EdKS ;vdu k yf gownf;? a&ìvOdk wJh ararpk atmifaZ,swk aZ,sw?k (a':pk ESpf (60)jynfah rG;ae@od@k )

wi wiffrdk; 5/15/2005

olura=umufw&m; &efou l tacsmuform; oluynm&Sif &efou l tm%m&Sif olutrSew f &m; &efou l uvdeo f rm; oluajzmifhrSef &efou l taumuf=uH olupdw&f iS ;f &efou l ryGirhf vif; olujynfo@l tusK;d &efou l ud, k u f sK;d onftcsK;d =unh&f ifod jynfol@bufrSma':pk trSet f wGut f w H k ol@oDvol@owif; wd@k bufrmS tvif;a&mif wcsed rf mS olatmifvrd æ hf

prf;prf;wi wiff

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

4

vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf touf 60 jynfh arG;ae‹trSww f &

axmifjyifyu axmifom;rsm; a':atmifqef;pk-unfarG;ae‹ (a':pk touf 60 jynfah rG;ae@trSww f & &Spv f ;kH bJ@G uAsm)

1? 'dk@acgif;aqmifu axmifusae&Sm axmifcswmu um,ud, k o f m pdwq f ENu jyifyrSmom ,H=k unfjcif; axmifoiG ;f r&yg?

trsKd;orD;rsm; tdrtf jyifrxGuf -u&ef Ed;+ aqmf

2? pku, kd u kH / ,Hak =umif;jyyg pku&Jqkd &J=uprf;yg pkuE$q J kd EJv $ u kd =f uyg? acwfòyiftifwmeufowif;rS nDapcdik ;f yJw G ikd ;f nD=uyg? jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDacgi;f aqmif a': 3? 'd@k ta&;u +ird ;f csr;f a&;om atmifqef;pk=unf. touf(60) +ird ;f csr;f zd@k a&; vGwv f yfa&;yg jynhaf rG;ae@ vmrnfZh eG v f (19)&uf vGwv f yfz@kd a&; nD!w $ af &;yg wGif jrefrmhv@l tzJ@G tpnf; +ird ;f csr;f rnD!$wf rvGwfajrmufEdkifyg? om,ma&;twGuf olr. Edik if aH &; OD;aqmifrE_ iS hf ud, k u f sK;d pGe@f tepfemcH 4? yef;wdik af usmcdik ;f pdw±f ikd ;f 0ifum &yfwnfaejcif;tay: wcJeufaxmufcaH =umif; xkwaf zmfjyonft h aejzifh jrefrmh twWppfcif;/ rif;eJ@olig trsK;d orD;rsm; tdrt f jyifrxGu=f u&ef trsK;d orD;rsm;tzJ@G csKy-f jrefrmEdik if (H WLB)rS 'd@k udk 'd@k azmuf/ arsmif;xJa&mufrmS wdu k w f eG ;f Ed;k aqmfvu kd o f nf? vrf;paysmuf/ 0rf;ajrmuf&efoo l m? trsK;d orD;rsm;tzG@J csKy-f jrefrmEdik if rH S obmywdtzJ@G 0ifwOD;jzpfol rdq;l yGiu hf “usrwd@k twGi;f rSm&Sw d hJ jrefrmjynfoal wG/ txl;ojzifh trsK;d orD;awG[m ud, k f 5? awmfveS t f p/ tdrw f iG ;f uyg vkycf siw f t hJ vkyaf wGukd vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf &Sb d J awmufav#muf jiif;qefccH =hJ u&+y;D ud, k f acgi;f cgjcif;u/ pvdu k pf rf;yg rvkycf siw f mawGuo kd m vkyaf e=u&w,f? 'ga=umifh a':pk&@J arG;ae@rSm a':pkukd OD;csK;d acgi;f ndw/f twdwrf &l m axmufcHwm&,f/ 'Drdkua&pDeJ@ +idrf;csrf;a&;vkyfaqmif&mrSm tm;wufoa&m pGe@f vdu k =f u tpwdu k yf yGJ g? yg0ifz@kd usrwd@k u wdu k w f eG ;f wmjzpfw,fæ”[k ajymonf? tu,fI rxGurf jzpf udp&P yfrsm;twGuf tjyifxu G cf &hJ aomf +ird ;f csr;f a&; 6? rrSefraumif;/ raumif;ajymyg oauFwtjzpf t0ga&mifygonfh yef;/ zJóu;/ zJjym;/ qHny‡ /f uvpf/ t0wftpm; raumif;rrSef/ rrSefajymyg tp&So d nfh toH;k taqmifypPn;f wckcu k kd 0wfqif+y;D rSom xGu=f u&ef WLB. rrSefroHk/ r,Hkajymyg a':pkarG;ae@ jrefrmtrsK;d orD;xko@kd yef=um;v$mxJwiG f azmfjyxm;onf? ,Hak ,mifvrd /f vdraf cwfrvG,yf g? WLB. obmywdtzG@J 0ifwOD;jzpfol aemfcikd r f mausmaf Zmfuvnf; “tjyifukd xGu+f y;D qENjywmwd@k bmwd@k vky&f if tzrf;qD;awGc=H u&r,f? 'Dvkd ±ke;f &if;qefcwf 7? ol=unhzf @kd zdwf rsupf rd w S yf g jzpfwhJ tjzpfrsK;d awGuv kd nf; usrwd@k u rvdck sib f ;l avæ? +ird ;f +ird ;f csr;f csr;f eJ@yJ em;axmifz@kd zdwf em;ydwaf eyg a':pk&@J acgi;f aqmifaumif;yDor_/ tepfemcHra_ wGukd todtrSwðf y axmufcw H hJ olajymzdk@zdwf e_wfydwfaeyg taeeJ@ tdrrf mS yJae+y;D +ird ;f csr;f pGmqENjy=uzd@k 'Denf;vrf;udk a±G;vdu k =f uwmjzpf vlvrd u f au|; rpm;a=u; ab;z,fypfprf;yg? w,fæ”[k &Si;f jyonf? vl,w k u f ay; r,la=u; a0;a0;vufa&Smifyg? WLB. yef=um;v$mxJwi G f ‘a':atmifqef;pk=unf[m usrwd@k tm;vH;k &J@a&S› rSm *k%, f al v;pm;zG,&f m pHjyacgif;aqmiftjzpf ppftyk pf u k kd jywfjywfom;om; 8? trsm;twGu/f trsm;xGuyf g a0zefaxmufjyaeoljzpf+y;D vl@tzJ@G tpnf; wd;k wufajymif;vJa&;twGuf ud, k f nD!w $ v f ufw/GJ wdu k yf 0GJ ifyg usKd;pGe@f um OD;aqmifaeolwOD;jzpfaoma=umifh a':pk&@J cdik rf mjywfom;wJh pdwf r0ifrE$J r&Jrif;ig "gwf[m usrwd@k trsKd;orD;tm;vH;k twGuf pHerlem,lp&mjzpfw,f’[k a&;om; axmifjyifaejim;/ rv_y&f mS ; azmfjyxm;onf? rjcm;axmifom;yg? vmrnhf ZGe(f 19)&ufae@wGiu f sa&mufrnfh a':atmifqef;pk=unf.arG;ae@wGif axmifxu J vl raxmufu/l azguo f 0l rf;omrSm? xdik ;f / tdE, Nd / b*Fvm;a'h&fS tp&So d nfEh ikd if rH sm;wGi/f oufqikd &f ma'otvdu k f trsK;d orD;tzJ@G tpnf;rsm;u yHpk t H rsK;d rsK;d jzifh +ird ;f csr;f pGm qENjyawmif;qdrk r_ sm; armi armiffpGrf;&nf ðyvkyo f mG ;rnf[k od&onf? ar 15/ 2005

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

5

vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf touf 60 jynfh arG;ae‹trSww f &

u|Efkyfwdk‹acgif;aqmif a=umuf±@HG jcif;rS vGwu f if;a&; OD;aqmifvrf;jy !$eu f m;ay;? yef;owif;avn‡i;f aqmif ‘pk’owif; avajyn‡i;f eJ@ wurBmvH;k oif;ys@H apcJh Edik if w H umcsp=f unfav;pm; jrefjynfzGm;'dk@rdcif ywjrW m;&wkr*Fvm arG;ae@csed cf ga&mufygv@kd ab;b,mawG a0;uGmzd@k qkreG af wG ac|=upd@k ?

ol@udak =umuf±@HG &efvrkd ek ;f wD; remvdo k u l ol@udyk w d af vSmif? ydwcf sio f vdyk w d f avSmifcsio f vdak vSmif csKycf sio f vdck sKy?f olrpum; urBmw0Sr;f jyef@ES@H v$r;f um ‘olr rvGwv f yf/ urBm rvGwv f yf’ [pfumajym=um;/ aqG;aEG;vSp[ f od&v dS m=u? roda,mifaqmif em;rvnfovdv k yk f ±_;oGyaf ,mifaqmif igESifh igzdk@ igtrsK;d om=unfh bk&m;æ bk&m;æ vufum; ajcum; aoewfwum;um;ESihf xdt k yk pf u k ppftyk pf w k nf;? wd@k jynfacgi;f aqmif 'd@k a±G;cs,x f m; wd@k jynfacgi;f aqmif vGwaf jrmufz@kd &m jynf0h wm0ef 'd@k rSm&S=d u?

tarpkrmS pum; rSwo f m;umem,lrnf wdik ;f jynfuckd spw f hJ om;aumif;awGpn kH D tarqdkcJhbl;ygonf trSm;trSev f nf;ruJG wnf+ird rf u _ if;rh+J y;D 'D=um;xJu a0avavpdw"f gwef @J aoG;qlr‘S x’ tcGit hf a&;&rS ‘ºu’=uwJh cyfnn hH EhH ikd if aH &;orm;awG ‘*Gus’r_awGe@J weyfpm;tcGit hf a&;orm; ‘xºu’wJo h rl sm;udk rvdv k m;bl;'d@k tar 'dk@wdkif;Xgae jrefrmjynfonf jArRmpd&k w f &m; xGe;f um;&mwdik ;f jynf jzpfcyhJ gonf? ckrsm;awmhjrefrmjynf 'kp±du k af wGayGvD rolawmfawGusupf m; armf'efzdESdyfr_rsm;=um; vl@tcGit hf a&;EGr;f yg; pm&dwaW wGjcpm; trsK;d omoemawG wdryf g;vkaecJ+h y?D

udik ;f ±_id ;f ud;k uG,f bmomw&m;/ rcJjG cm;bJ ,H=k unf&mudk OD;xdyx f m;I &ifrmS tjynfh oH"Ïd mefEiS hf arwWmydk@um oufjynfah jcmufq,f vGwaf jrmufz@kd &m qkawmif; qkyef=uygp@kd ?

Edik (f Arm)

axmifwefwphJ um; &mZ0ifwiG af pom;&,fv@kd tarrdef@ac|cJhonf ‘rw&m;wJt h rde@f tm%m[lor# wm0eft&zDqef=u’wJh

acgif;aqmifaumif;yDyD ajymwdik ;f vnf;vkycf o hJ nf temcHrS tompH&r,fv@kd ol,Hk=unfaeonf trSew f &m; trSepf um;eJ@ +ird ;f csr;f a&;rD;±_;wdik f wyfO;D uoluikd u f m avajywcsuf ayG@tzufrSm tarSmifuzkd ,fum&Sm; wpdu k rf wfrwfomG ;r,fah emuf z0g;xyfcsyf uyfv@kd vdu k u f m av#muf=upd@k wlqn kH D 'Dru kd a&pDjynfopfqo D @kd æ?

k sKd) av;av;(wdu

oHo&m uefvef@umtwGi;f rS tusO;f pHb0ESio hf rl EdkifiHwum tjrifrSmawmh ol&aJ umif;}u;D aygu h @JG qkwq H yd af wGtyfEiS ;f vnf; &ifwiG ;f uqENe@J b0 rnDr#c&hJ ygb;l e³t³z appm;&m tdrw f iG ;f tusO;f axmifrmS ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGmtcsKyu f s&if; 'kuw Q iG ;f vd@k olrjrif ZJGowdWtyDtjyifeJ@ trsK;d om;a&;wdu k yf u GJ kd OD;aqmifumEGaJ e&if; touf 60 wif;wif;jynfyh gayg?h &J0jhH ywfom; owWrd sm;eJ@ tm*Zmenf bmrxDb;l b0udak y;qyf toufxyfv@kd vlxb k ufu&yfwnf wdik ;f jynf'rD u kd a&pD&a&; ar#maf wG;umtpOf óu;yrf;aewJh'kd@rdcif awmif;qkðyvdu k yf gw,f&iS f bke;f }u;D vd@k ouf&n S f tmZmenfwdk@tar touf&mausm&f n S f ab;b,mawG a0;umae e³t³zudk atmifEikd af p?

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

6

vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf touf 60 jynfh arG;ae‹trSww f &

You Are One in Billions You are one in billions to compare You are brave to face for equals You are a light to find peace for people You are a leader to do rights as you say simple You are so patient to meet brutal evils You are born to change the way of Burma possible You are able to pay your life to struggle You are a prisoner of long periods unbelievable You are female and honorable You love truth; truth loves you and its people Truth never dies and will be alive and stable We wish you to free from them as soon as possible, And the way you are struggling now is great and noble. (This poem is dedicated to Daw Aung San Suu Kyi) KO THET

wdki ;f jynftusKd;twGua a':atmifq f jymcJa h om a':atmi f ef;pk=unfre d @f cGe;f rsm; vGwaf jrmufatmif Edik if aH &;wckvyk +f yq D &kd if tzrf;cH&wm ukaËcsrD ,fæ toufpaw;&wm ode;f csrD ,fæ 'ga=umifh Edik if aH &;wckuv kd yk w f hJ vl wOD;[m tHrh cef;owdrW @kd Edik if aH &;vkyEf ikd w f mvd@k urBmu todtrSwðf yxm;wmyJ? usrwd@k tcsK@d Edik if aH &;orm;awGu tzrf;rcHcsib f ;l æ axmifusrcH csib f ;l qd&k if tpuwnf;u Edik if aH &;rvkyyf ge@J æ? vlxu k usrwd@k udk òijiifr,f/ r,Hrk =unfjzpfaer,f? (25³5³98 NLD±H;k csKyYf ajym=um;cJah om rde@f cGe;f xJr)S tzJ@G csKyt f wGi;f rSm twef;tpm; oH;k rsK;d awG@&ygw,f? -yxrtwef;tpm;u vkypf &mrvdk ol@[moljzpfvmvdrrhf ,fæ/ wd@k rvkyv f @kd &&ifvJ +y;D wmygy?J usru tJ'v D w l ef;pm;udk ‘tacsmiform;’vd@k owfrw S w f ,f? -'kw, d trsK;d tpm;u tcGio hf m&ifvyk rf ,fæ/ tcGirhf om&if rvkyb f ;l qdw k hJ trsK;d tpm;yJ? -wwd,trsK;d tpm;uawmh Edik if aH &;vkycf iG u hf kd rdru d , kd w f ikd f óu;pm;&SmazG+y;D t&Sed jf ri‡ v hf yk u f ikd af qmif±u G w f hJ trsK;d tpm;yJæ? tJ't D rsK;d tpm;udk usrtóuufq;kH yJ? (25³5³98 NLD±H;k csKyYf ajym=um;cJah om rde@f cGe;f xJr)S Edik if aH &;orm; trsK;d rsK;d &Sw d ,f? wcsK@d uawmh wdik ;f jynftusK;d twGuf vkycf siw f hJ Edik if aH &;orm;rsm; &Syd gw,f? wcsK@d uawmh rdrt d usK;d twGuf vkycf siw f hJ Edik if aH &;orm;rsm; &Syd gw,f? wcsK@d uawmh Edik if aH &;oufouf vkypf m;csiw f hJ Edik if aH &;orm;rsm;vnf; &Syd gw,f? Edik if aH &;vkypf m;wm t usijhf zpfae+y;D awmh Edik if aH &;yJ vkypf m;awmhr,fqw kd hJ Edik if aH &;orm;rsm;vnf; &Syd gw,f? 'D Edik if aH &;orm; trsK;d rsK;d xJrmS wdik ;f jynftusK;d udak qmif Edik rf ,fh Edik if aH &;orm;rsKd;ukd a±G;apcsifygw,f? tJ'v D kd Edik if aH &;orm;rsKd;[m Avig;wefe@J jynfph &kH ygr,f? (17³12³88/ trsKd;om;+idrf;csrf;a&;ESifh 'Dru kd a&pDygww D iG )f

Edik if aH &;y&d,m,fqw kd m wu,f aoaocsmcsm =unfv h u kd af wmh uvdru f uspv f yk w f mcsn;f yJ? 'D Edik if aH &;y&d,m,fqw kd mvJ txifr}u;D yge@J ? y&d,m,fqw kd hJ pum;vH;k udk usrróuufb;l ? ud, k u hf kd xdyg;vm&ifvJ cHEikd &f nf&&dS r,f? rSerf eS u f efuefyv J yk yf g? wcsK@d u ck 'DrmS wrsK;d ajym/ [krd mS wrsK;d ajym/ 'DrmS 'D[mvkyrf ,fajym/ ck 'DrmS [d[ k mvkyrf ,fajym/ pdwaf wGuajymif;vdu k /f tajymawGu ajymif;vdu k /f 'gawGukd olw@kd u 'g Edik if aH &;yJv@kd ajymw,f? usruawmh 'g Edik if aH &;yJv@kd em;rvnfb;l ? 'g uvdru f uspv f yk w f myJv@kd em;vnfw,f? 'Dvkd Edik if aH &;awGukd usrwd@k vufcv H @kd rjzpfb;l ? aemuf wdik ;f jynfaumif;usK;d twGuq f &kd if ckuaep+y;D awmh usrwd@k vufcrH ,fh acgi;f aqmifrsm;[m pum;wnf&r,f? pum;rSe&f r,f? trsm;oabmudk vku d ef m&r,f? tJ'v D akd cgi;f aqmifrsK;d om usrwd@k vdck siyf gw,f? (14³12³88/ tzGJ@csKyf±Hk; aygifòr@)

Moe Thauk Kye Journal vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf touf 60 jynfh arG;ae‹trSww f & 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901

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wcsK@d vlawGu arG;uwnf;u }u;D us,jf rifjh rwf+y;D arG;vmwmyg? wcsK@d u awmh }u;D us,jf rifjh rwfru _ kd &&Sb d @kd usK;d pm;+y;D rS &&S=d uw,f? wcsK@d usawmh }u;D us,jf rifjh rwfru _ olw@kd qDukd a&muf&dS cdek m;vmav&J@? urBm}uD;wckvHk;u EdkifiHawGrSm ajymif;vJra_ wG aepOfe@J tr#jzpfaew,f? urBmw0Sr;f vH;k rSm jynfou l a±G;aumuf wJt h pd;k &u tkycf sKyw f phJ epfqu D kd yd+k y;D OD; wnfaeawmh acgi;f aqmiftwGux f u kd f wefwhJ }u;D us,jf rifjh rwfru _ kd óu;yrf;+y;D rS &&Sad tmif óu;pm;&rSmjzpfygw,f? vef'efwuUodkvfrS EdkifiHa&;ody`Hyg armuQ(uJeufrifaemh)&J@ pum;t& acgif;aqmifjzpfzdk@ vdktyfcsufawGu awmh acgi;f aqmifjzpfz@kd &nfreS ;f csuu f ta&;}uD;qHk;ygyJ? udk,fuóu;pm;rS acgi;f aqmifjzpfrmS yg? eydv k , D /H qDqm pwJh acgi;f aqmifawG[m wu,f&h nf ±G,cf suef @J acgi;f aqmifjzpfvmolawGyg? acgif;aqmifqw kd m tar#mftjrif&dS &r,f/ qH;k jzwfcsuf cswuf&r,f/ cGef tm;owWd &S&d r,f/ tod^m%fvnf; xufjruf&r,f/ vdt k yf&if wzufv&l @J ajcvSr;f udk cef@rSe;f wGucf sufEikd w f hJ t xl;t&nftcsif;vnf; &So d ifyh gw,f? eydv k , D aH jymzl;wJh pum;t&qdv k #if vnf; acgi;f aqmifqw kd m uHaumif;zd@k vnf; vdw k ,fw?hJ uHaumfv@kd csKaH y: a&mufqdkwJh acgif;aqmifawGudkawmh uHaumif;vd@k jzpfvmwJh acgi;f aqmifv@kd ac:&rSmyJjzpfw,f? 'gayrJh tJ'v D akd cgi;f aqmifawGrmS vnf; &&Sv d mwJt h cGit hf a&;udk toH;k csEikd pf rG ;f &Sw d hJ t&nftcsi;f &Sd ygw,f? Oyrm- 1940 'kw, d urBmppfwek ;f u +Aw d o d #0ef}u;D csKy(f csmcs)D ? 1991 ck ESpf/ ±k&Sm;tm%modrf;r_wkef;u wifh um;ay:wuf+yD; rdef@cGef;ajymcJhonfh abm&pf,,fvfqifESifh jrefrmEdkifiH 1988 'Drdkua&pDv_yf&Sm;r_}uD;u a': atmifqef;pk=unfw@kd jzpf=uw,f?

jynfov l x l . k vkt d yfcsut f & ay: ayguv f mwJh acgi;f aqmifawGv@kd vnf; ajymvdk@&ygw,f? 'kwd,urBmppft wGi;f +Aw d o d #jynfoal wG emZD*smrefawG &J@&efukd ckcaH e&onft h csed f xufjrufwhJ acgi;f aqmifvt kd yfaewJt h csed rf mS csmcsD u tckvkd rde@f cGe;f ajymcJyh gw,f? “bmyJjzpfjzpf ay;qyf+y;D u|Eykf w f @kd &J@ u|e;f udk umuG,&f r,f? yifv,furf; pyfawG/ v,fuiG ;f awG/ awmifuek ;f awG rSm wdu k cf u kd &f rSmbJ? u|Eykf w f @kd b,f awmhrS t±H;_ ay;rSmr[kwb f ;l ?” 'Dvkd &JprG ;f owWEd iS hf ajymcJv h @kd vnf; csmcsw D a,muf jynfocl spw f hJ 0ef}u;D csKyf jzpfvmcJw h mygb?J jrefrmjynf 1988 ck ESpf 'Dru kd a&pDvy_ &f mS ;r_}u;D rSm a':atmif qef;pk=unfajymcJw h hJ pum;udv k nf; em; axmif=unf=h uygp@kd ? “usrwdk@udk +cdrf;ajcmufwm[m jynfov l x l u k kd +crd ;f ajcmufwmeJ@ twl wlygbJ? bmjzpfvq J akd wmh trsKd;om; 'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKyfe@J wjcm;'Dru kd a&pD vdv k m;wJh tzJ@G tpnf;rsm;[m 'Dru kd a& pD v_y&f mS ;r_ atmifjrifapa&;twGuf óu;yrf;aewm jzpfygw,f? tJ'aD wmh jynfov l x l v k ckd siw f hJ tcGit hf a&;awGt wGuf óu;yrf;aewJhtzGJ@tpnf;rsm; tvkyrf jzpfatmif [ef@wm;jcif;[m jynfov l x l u k kd vdck sifwhJ tcGit hf a&; rsm; ray;jcif;qdw k meJ@ twlwyl gyJ? ” 'Dvkd acgi;f aqmifawGusawmh jynfol awG bmvdw k ,fqw kd mudo k ad wmh vdk tyfcsufudk jznfhqnf;ay;wJh acgif; aqmifawGaygh? tJh'guawmh vef'efwuUodkvfu Edik if aH &;odyy`H garmuQ&@J cJjG crf;pdwjf zmr_yg bJ? 'gayr,hf Leader and Leadership qdkwJh acgif;aqmifrsm;ESifh acgif; aqmifrq _ w kd hJ pmtkyaf &;cJw h hJ pma&;q &m}u;D (*suzf &Dpwif;ef)uawmh acgi;f aqmifr(_ 5)rsK;d &Sw d ,fv@kd oH;k oyfygw,f (1) tar#mftjrif&+dS y;D ar#mfvifch suf ay;pGr;f wJh acgif;aqmif/

(2) tkycf sKyfprD aH &;aumif;wJh acgif; aqmif/ (3) em,uvdk yl;aygif;aqmif±u G f wwfwhJ acgif;aqmif/ (4) jzefajza&;acgif;aqmifEiS hf (5) wdu k yf 0GJ ifwahJ cgif;aqmifwæ hJ tJ'gawGuawmh Adv k cf sKyaf tmifqef; vdk yk*~dKvfrsKd;/ jynfoltm;vHk;ucspfwJh acgi;f aqmifvakd yg?h Adv k cf sKyu f wjcm;t csuaf wGe@J vnf; udu k n f w D ,f? (Oyrm) em,uuJhodk@ yl;aygif;aqmif±Gufwm jzefajza&;aumif;wmeJ@ wdu k yf 0GJ ifacgi;f aqmifqv kd nf; rrSm;bl;? 'gayr,fh jynf olawG&@J ar#mv f ifch su/f axmufcrH &_ wm u Adv k cf sKyef @J udu k n f w D hJ t"dutcsuyf g +Aw d ed rf mS qd&k ifvnf; rm*&ufouf csmu wcgwek ;f u jynfocl spw f hJ acgi;f aqmifjzpfcJhw,fav? 'gayr,fh rm* &ufoufcsmae&mrSm qufcw H hJ *|eaf r *smudk jynfou l ody+f y;D raxmufc=H u bl;? 'gayr,fh pDraH &;aumif;w,fayg?h Edik if w H ck&@J jzpfay:aewJh tajctae eJ@ udkufnDwJh acgif;aqmifjzpfbdk@vdk w,f? jynfou l cspw f hJ acgi;f aqmifay: vm&r,ft h csed f wdu k yf 0GJ ifacgi;f aqmif ay:vm&if raumif;bl;ayg?h ±k&Sm;EdkifiHrSm tm%modrf;bdk@ óu; yrf;w,f? wdu k yf 0GJ ifacgi;f aqmifvrkd sK;d jzpfb@kd óu;yrf;wmayg?h 'gayr,fh abm &pf,,fvq f ifu wifu h m;ay:wuf/ 'Drkd ua&pDrdef@cGef;ajym+yD; jynfolcspfwJh acgi;f aqmifjzpfomG ;cJw h ,f? tckusawmh ,,fvq f iforwjzpf +yD;wJhaemuf ol@&J@aqmif±Gufr_awGu jynfolawG ar#mfvihfwmxuf odyfr udu k n f v D @kd ,,fvq f ifwa,muf jynfh olaxmufcHr_ odyfr&awmhbl;? 'gay r,fh vmr,fh orwa±G;aumufy+GJ y;D rS aocsmtajzay:rSmbJjzpfw,f? 'Dru kd a&pDpepf rusio hf ;kH wJh Edik if aH wG rSma&m 'Dvkd ,lqcsuu f toH;k 0ifo vm;? tJ'ge@J ywfouf+y;D ajym&r,fqkd &if ±k&mS ;Edik if [ H m t&ifu uGejf rLepf

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf touf 60 jynfh arG;ae‹trSww f & w,frsm;ygvm;æ”vd@k b0ifawGjrifah e rSef;&wm t&rf;cufygw,f? acgif; +y;D awmh tjzpfq;kd awG ñuaH wG@&rSmjzpf aqmifrsK;d pHak wG jynfou l axmufcw H m w,f? b,fv&kd w dS ,fqw kd muawmh olw@kd &J@ tm%modr;f +y;D &,lxm;wJh tpd;k & tm%mtay: b,fvdkoabmxm; usawmh rSe;f &wm tcufq;kH jzpfw,f? w,fqw kd meJ@ ywfouf+y;D ajym&r,fqkd acgi;f aqmifqw kd mu aemufvu kd af wG/ &if olw@kd &J@ tm%m&vmwJh óu;yrf;yHk axmufco H al wG&rdS S acgi;f aqmifjzpfwm awG/ &&Sw d hJ tm%mtay: oabmxm; r[kwv f m;? ppfwyfacgi;f aqmifqw kd m yH/k wdik ;f jynfprD t H yk cf sKyyf t kH ay:rSm rlwnf u jynfo@l a±G;cs,rf e_ @J acgi;f aqmifjzpf ygw,f? vmwm r[kwb f ;l av? ppfwyfacgif; tjrnf;tprf;ajym&r,fqdk&if w aqmif&@J aemufrmS ppfom;bJ&rdS mS aygh? ±kwjf ynfu acgi;f aqmif}u;D armfpw D ;kH u ppfom;aemufvu kd q f w kd muvnf; ppf awmh tm%mqdw k m aoewfajymif;u &J@trdef@eJ@ vdkufem=u&wm r[kwf vmygw,fw?hJ 'Dru kd a&pDEikd if u H acgi;f acwfòyiftifwmeufowif;rS a':atmifqef;pk=unf touf(60)jynfh vm;? aqmifawG&@J tjrifuawmh tm%m& arG ; ae@v_y&f mS ;r_twGuf tdik ;f &pfvrl sK;d aw; 'Dawmh ppfwyfu tm%modr;f +y;D bd@k qdw k m acsmwdik w f uf&ovdb k w J ?hJ a&;tqdak wmf Damien RiceESihf tdik ;f &pft acgif;aqmifjzpfvmwJh acgif;aqmifw 1998 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif xkwaf 0cJah om rsK;d orD;tqdak wmf Lisa Hannignwd@k wJzG uf a,muftwGuf axmufcHwJhjynfol ‘a±$carmufrw S w f rf;v$m’ twJG 4/ trSwf I oDcsi;f opfwyk'f *k%ðf ypyfqkd toHoiG ;f cJh b,favmuf&w dS ,fqw kd m ajym&wm 9 rS ul;,lazmfjyjcif;jzpfygonf? onf? Damien Riceu oDcsi;f udk Unplayed Piano[k trnfay;xm;+y;D ,if;oD csi;f udk ,refEpS f Zlvikd v f twGi;f xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyf &Sd 'kuo Q nfpcef;wcko@kd oGm; a&mufvnf ywfc+hJ y;D aemuf a&;pyfcjhJ cif;jzpfonf? aw;t,fvb f rfr&S &Sad om tusK;d tjrwftm;vH;k udk a':atmifqef;pk=unf t euf±i_d ;f aom ±d;k om;r_rsm;jzifh +y;D jynfph I kH ouf(60)jynhf arG;ae@v_y&f mS ;r_tpDtpOf aqmif±u G af eonfh US Campaign for BurmaESihf Burma Campaign UKtzJ@G wd@k tm; ay;tyfvLS 'ge;f oGm;rnf[k trdjrefrmjynf +ird ;f csr;f a&;ESihf 'Dru kd a&pD&&Sad &; od&onf? twGuf wdu k yf 0GJ ifae&if; ,H=k unfcsu&f @J tqdyk gtzJ@G rsm;u a':atmifqef;pk=unftyg t0if tusO;f uscaH e&onfh Edik if aH &;tusO;f om; tusO;f om;jzpfae&aom u|Eykf w f @kd . rsm;tm;vH;k vGwaf jrmufa&;twGuf vmrnfh ZGef v 19 &uf a':atmifqef;pk=unf touf 60 vlxak cgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf&@J jynhaf rG;ae@wGif urBmESit hf 0Sr;f qENjyv_y&f mS ;rsm; ZGev f 19 &ufae@wGif usa&mufrnfh ESpf 60 jynfh aqmif±u G =f u&ef pnf;±H;k vH@_ aqmfvsu&f o dS nf? Ed k i f i H a &;tusOf ; om;rsm; ul n D a pmif h a &Smuf arG;ae@r*Fvmtcgor,wGif pdw. f csr;f omjcif;/ a&;toif;(jrefrmEdkifiH)(atatyDyD)tzJG@tm; ud, k . f use;f rmjcif;ESihf jynf0h I touf&mausmf tultnDtaxmufyjhH zpfaprnfh aw;*Dwazsmf ajzyGrJ sm; wifqufomG ;rnf[v k nf; Damien &Snyf gapa=umif; rd;k aomuf=u,ftzJ@G om;rsm;rS Riceu xkwa f zmfajym=um;onf? vmrnf h ZG ev f 20 &uf/ vef'efòr@ pifjrifah zsmaf jzyJw G iG f Unplayed Piano qkreG af umif;awmif;&if;æ oDcsif;udk Damien Riceu oDqdkrnfjzpf+yD; &vmonhftusKd;tjrwftcsKd@udk +ird ;f csr;f a&;Adou k m&Sif tarpkwa,muf ‚wdk@tm; vSL'gef;rnf[k ta=umif;=um;vma=umif; atatyDyDtzJG@u ajym=um;onf? &nf±, G af r#mv f ih&f m 'Dru kd a&pDvrf;ay:rSm atatyDyD wJGzuftwGif;a&;rSL; udkbkd=unfu “olwdk@vdkvlrsKd;awGu pdwo f mG ;wdik ;f ud, k yf gI qENEiS b hf 0awG jrefrmEdik if rH mS jynfoal wGcpH m;ae&wJh cHpm;r_awG/ a':atmifqef;pk=unfcpH m;ae&wJh cHpm;r_awGudk em;vnfcHpm;+yD;awmh olwdk@wufEdkifwJhbufu wwyfwtm; wom;wnf;usygapaomfæ axmufyahH y;wm usaemfw@kd twGuf 0rf;omp&mygyæ J ”[k ajym=um;onf? 'O'tdt k rnf&dS emrnf}u;D aw;t,fvb f rfukd xkwv f yk jf zef@cscd o hJ nfh Damien rd;k aomuf=unfpm=unfw h u kd t f zJ@G om;rsm; Riceonf emrnfausmf vlóuufrsm;aom aw;a&;q&m tqdkawmfjzpf+yD; 'Closer'tygt0if ±ky& f iS rf sm;twGuv f nf; oDcsi;f rsm;pGm a&;pyfco hJ jl zpfonf?

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

9

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10

Moe Thauk Kye Journal pm-unfw h u kd v f y+ &f mS ;r+owif;aqmif;yg; wa,muftaejzifh *syeftzJG@ESifhtwl vkdufygcGifh&&Sdum rdk;aomuf=u,fpm =unhw f u kd t f a=umif;udk odciG &hf I waph wapmif; azguo f nfcsvu kd rf yd gw,f? xdak e@u pm=unfw h u kd t f zJ@G tpnf; toD;oD;rS wm0ef&o dS rl sm;udk zdwaf c: vmwJo h u l awmh KUROSAKI SANbJ jzpfygw,f? olu cs;D bm;c±dik /f pD;yGm;a&; wuUodkvfu tr_xrf;wOD;jzpf+yD; rdk; aomuf=u,fpm=unhw f u kd &f @J *syefpm =unhw f u kd rf sm;ESihf qufo, G af &;wm0ef cHwOD;vnf; jzpfygw,f? pm=unhw f u kd Ef iS yhf wfoufI vkt d yf or#udk pdwfa&mudk,fyg ulnDaqmif ±Guaf y;aeaom *syefvil ,fwOD;tjzpf pma&;olou d |r;f cJ&h aomtcg xdo k t l m; av;pm;aompdwEf iS t hf wl ol. vlr0_ ef xrf;pdwu f v kd nf; cs;D usL;rdygawmhw,f? KUROSAKI SAN. ajymjycsuf rsm;t& jref r mpm=unh f w d k u f w ck & S d a=umif;ESifh rdk;aomuf=u,fpm=unfh wdu k . f Edik if aH &;/ vlra_ &; v_y&f mS ;r_rsm; tay:udk pdw0f ifwpm;&Su d m ,QKvkd tdrf wdik &f ma&mufvmum =unf±h a_ vhvm =uonft h xd jzpfc&Jh ygonf? xdak e@u vm=uaom *syefpm=unhf wdu k w f m0efcrH sm;udk rd;k aomuf=u,fpm =unhw f u kd rf S tzJ@G 0ifrsm;jzpf=uwJh udpk ;kd 0if;&Sdef/ rwifwif0if;/ udk0if;aX;/ udk armifarmifat;/ udkrif;xufaZmfESifh r av;av;(wdkusKd)wdk@rSaeI &Sif;vif; ajym=um;oGm;cJ+h y;D BDA GrouprS udrk sK;d jrifah qGu bmomjyefay;cJyh gw,f? rdk;aomuf=u,fpm=unhfwdkufrSm

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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yxrqHk; jrefrmausmif;om;rsm; ckdvH+&mpcef;(BSC)reDvdGKif; armifpif=u,f

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,cifvrStquf(ed*;kH ) (6) pma&;olonf reDvKGd i;f wGif wESpcf GJ ausmf aexdik cf &hJ onfjzpf&m csKjd rr_EiS hf cg; oD;r_epS cf pk vH;k udk awG@cJ&h onf? 1988 ckESpfaemufydkif;Y tif;pdef axmifxJwGif rdrdukd,frdrd 'Drdkua&pD (b-p)(bde;f pm;)[k ac:wGio f rl sm; &Scd hJ onfhenf;ol reDvdGKif;wGifvnf; ,if; yk*Kd~ vrf sK;d rsm; &Scd ahJ yonf? txl;ojzifh bvdik (f ac:)atmifp;kd ESihf ol.tzJ@G om;rsm;onf tiftm;enf;yg; olrsm;tay:wGif acgi;f yHjk zwfonf/ &efp onf/ tEdik u f sio hf nf? 'kuQa&mufI 'kuQonfpcef;0ifae aomfvnf; axmifcsD/ aomif;csDaom ‘zJ0ikd ;f ’}u;D rsm; &Sad vonf? T=um;xJ ae@bufwiG f wdwq f w d af e+y;D nOfb h uf a&mufvsif &efyrGJ sm; pwifavonf? ‘armifarmifp;kd ’um; tawmfvuf jrefygayonf? ‘vSp;kd ’udk 0g;&if;wkwjf zifh OD;acgif;udk ±dkufvkduf&m rao±Hkom&Sd awmhonf? ,if;od@k zJ0ikd ;f }u;D rsm;ESihf ±du k Ef u S x f ;kd ckwo f nfyh }GJ u;D rsm;tjyif rzG,&f maom vlru _ pd rP sm;vnf; rjywfrvyf ay:vm

wwfao;onf? a&vnf;=urf;onf? ajrvnf;=urf; onf? wcsK› v d w l @kd onf ud, k b f mvkyI f bmjzpfaeonfuykd ifrod awG;&cufvS ayonf? Todk@ rdrdudk,frdrd rod=uaom a=umifh tcsK› q d v kd #if tar&dum;a&muf rS/ =opa=w;vsa&mufr/S uae'ga&muf rS tdraf xmifa&; òyuJo G mG ;olrsm;vnf; &S=d uonf? wcsK› rd mS trltcif;jzpf=uonf? wcsK› d rSm rdru d , kd rf rd d tqH;k pD&ifonf? wcsK› q d kd v#if e,fpyfa&mufrSjzpfovdk tdrf axmifus=uonf? TtxJwGif ‘yJ azm’(tcsi;f csi;f ay;aomtrnf)qdak om vli,fwa,mufrmS &,fp&maumif;vS awmhonf? ‘yJazm’.ZeD;rSm rJaqmufwiG f jzpf ovdk&vmaom ZeD;jzpfonf? ±kyfr&Sd aomfvnf; pdwaf umif;&So d nf? olw@kd wGif om;av;wa,muf&o dS nf? &or# ydu k q f H ‘yJazm’aomufypfojzifh olw@kd om;av;wGif t0wfum;ruyf? Tod@k jzifh rd;k uav;wpdrphf rd ±hf mG aom ae@wae@Y ,rumav;axGaxGjzifh ‘yJ azm’wa,mufwnf; reDvKGd i;f uGi;f udk

ywfI qJaeavawmhonf? TwGif w a,mufu b,fo@l udrk auseyfI b,f ol@udq k o J vJ[ak r;&m ‘yJazm’u“usaemfvm;æ? 'DreDvdGKif;0if;}uD; twGi;f rSm ayguaf ewJh rus;D yifawGukd =unf h r &vd k @ vd k u f q J a ewmæ”[k jyefajzavonf? (7) vlom;rsm;onf vlom;rsm;yif jzpf aoma=umifh t=uyftwnf;rsm;jzifh awG@&aomtcg tvGefyif &,fp&m aumif;=uonf? txl;ojzifh touf av;q,fausmf/ ig;q,fausmf tdrf axmif&iS t f rsK;d orD;}u;D rsm;. &,fp&m aumif;yHkyifjzpfonf? wa,mufrmS om;orD; oH;k av;OD;/ ajr;ESpaf ,mufEiS hf 'Dru kd a&pDrcd if ‘a': =unf=unfaX;’jzpf.? olronf 'Drkdua&pDta=umif;udk ajym&mwGif b,forl S vdu k rf rDatmif ajymojzifh ‘oHacsmif;wdk@tar/ uH aumif;Irao’jzpfc&hJ .? ordik ;f a=umif; tm;jzifh ao;olum; r[kwaf y? ppfuikd ;f zG@H òz;a&;ausmif;wGif wufchJ +y;D / ausmif;tqif;wGif rEWav;Zmwdukd pGe@f v$wu f m oHawmifZmwd ‘apmoef;

0if;’aemufo@kd wcgwnf; vdu k yf gvm jcif;yif jzpfavonf? aemufwOD;um; u&ifjynfe,fZm wdol/ (NLD)rdcif ‘eef;=umjrifh’jzpf onf? olronfvnf; (NLD)udk ,Hk =unf&mwGif pHwifavmufayonf? olrtdrfwGif qkdif;bkwfwifonf? olru rnfodk@rnfyHk tepfemcHaqmif ±Guo f nf? Tod@k jzifh olrvnf; (NLD) rdcif}u;D bJ@G udk qGwcf ;l &&Sjd yefavonf? od@k &mwGif 'Dru kd a&pDrcd if a':=unf =unfaX;ESihf (NLD)rdcif eef;=umjrihw f @kd onf qufqaH &;wGif tap;uyf=uol rsm; r[kw=f uyg? reDvKGd i;f . wwd,ajrmufrcd if}u;D um; olr. *k%x f ;l aqmifb@GJ rSm &Snf vsm;.? ‘Ak'/f c&pf/ qvif/ 'l’rdcif}u;D jzpf.? Ak'b < momwGiv f nf; olygonf? c &pf,mefbmomwGifvnf; olygonf? rGwq f vifEiS hf [if't l a&;wGiv f nf; ol ygonf? ,if;trsK;d orD;}u;D onf cifyeG ;f onf ESihf uJu G mG +y;D aemuf orD;aZmjzifh awm xJqif;(befaumufa&muf)vmjcif;jzpf .? ola&mufvmcsed w f iG f orD;jzpforl mS tar&dum;od@k a&muf&adS e.? reDvGdKif;wGif yxrY pkaygif;pm; aomuf=u&m usaemfw@kd Y w'gZife;D yg; &S. d ? aemufyikd ;f a&mufvmoltm;vH;k udk 0dik ;f xJac:oGi;f jzifh ESp'f gZifavmufvnf; &Sv d ma&m usaemfw@kd rSm xGuaf jy;&av awmhonf? olronf usaemfwdk@aemufwGifrS ‘qpf'eD’od@k a&mufvm&m jrefrmpmudk um; aopm&Sipf momwwf.? t*Fvyd f vdu k m; vH;k 0rwwf? Tod@k jzifh qpf'eD avqdyw f iG f olr&J@‘ausmufjyif’ESihf ‘o eyfcg;wH;k ’udk taumufceG u f &ef&mS av awmhonf? yxrwGif oeyfcg;wHk;udk odrf;.? TwGif olru ausmufjyifyg tqpf xnfah y;vdu k af vonf? ,ckawmh olr vnf; tar&dum;odk@ a&mufoGm;&Sm

12

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf touf 60 jynfh arG;ae‹trSww f & yg+y?D tif;æckavmufqakd wmhvnf; ck avmufayhgaemfæ? (8) pwkwrˆ mrD}u;D um; ol@cifyeG ;f tay: wG i f cspf v G e f ; ojzif h aemuf u w aumufaumuf vdu k af e&Sm.? usaemfwdk@taqmifwGif trsm;a& csK;d &ef tkwu f ef&o dS jzifh trsm;a&csK;d csed f wGif cifyeG ;f udk vdu k yf @kd .? nOht f csed w f iG f olwdk@aexdkif&m tay:xyfrS atmuf xyfodk@ olr.cifyGef;onf wydk@wyg; oGm;aomf olu tay:avScg;0u xdik f apmifah y;.? usaemfwdk@xufyif olr.cifyGef; onf pma&;q&m/ t,f'Dwm}uD;rSm toufq,fESpf ydk}uD;ojzifh pm;OD; aomufO;D vmay;aomf rHe_ @H omjc,fum oxm;onfukd olruróuuf? trSeaf wmh q&m}u;D rSm ESpu f smjh yef awmcdkaoma=umifh yxrtacgufwGif ol@udkxm;&pfcJh&m olcr#m om;oHk; a,mufukd olemðyq&mr}u;D tjzpf vkyf au|;&&Sm.? ,ck 'kw, d tacguw f iG f awmh olu, kd w f idk f ygvmawmhonf? TwGif usaemfwdk@aexdkifcJh&m reD vGKd i;f (Camp)xJY rmrDwa,muf wd;k vmygawmhonf? ‘csp'f u k rQ mrD’wJ?h usaemfonf pma&;q&mwa,muf taeESihf ,cifu ,if;jrifuiG ;f rsK;d ukd r jrifcJhbl;yg? ckrS rsKd;pHkatmif jrifcJh&awmh onf? ,if;jrefrmausmif;om;rsm; cdv k &_H m pcef;(BSC)reDvKdG i;f udk a&;om;&mwGif ud, k v hf ufuv kd nf; xde;f csKyI f a&;om; cJ&h ygonf? ,QKawmh Tvlx;l vlqef; rsm;onf tar&dum;/ uae'g/ Oa&my wcGiEf iS hf =opa=w;vsm;od@k a&muf&adS e =uyg+yD? b,fae@b,ftcsed af vmufwiG f jyef csio f rl sm;taeESihf trdEikd if jH zpfaom jref rmEdik if o H @kd jyefvm=urnfukd a0cJ&G efrmS cufcJvSygayonf? (9) vl@b0wGif reDvKGd i;f ae&mrsK;d onf &Sd awmh&o dS nf? &Sm;ygonf? od@k jzpfI acwf wacwfEiS fh b0wcktjzpf wifpm;&jcif; vnf; jzpfayonf? 2001 ckEpS w f iG f usaemfEiS hf udw k ifr;kd udk wdkusKduzdwfojzifh a&mufcJh=uyg onf?

pmaya[majymyJG+yD;onfh aemuf wnwGif jrefrmrdef;uav;wOD;onf &wfcsfbl&D(Ratchaburi)aq;±Hkukd pD; eif;&mwGif aA'gEiS hf taygi;f tygrsm;ao qH;k &jcif;tay: cHpm;csujf zifh ar;cJ. h ? rSefygonf? jrefrmausmif;om;rsm; cdv k &H_ m reDvKGd i;f onf aA'gw@kd ESit hf wl zsuo f rd ;f jcif;ukd cH&jcif;yifjzpfavonf? usaemfonf aA'gu, G v f eG af =umif; =um;&aomtcg uAsmjzifh *k%fðycJhyg onf?

Áwˆ,d owWd (armifpif=u,f)

ol&aJ umif;aA'g q&maZmf*s&D @J uAsmxJuaA'g b0vnf;yg '\evnf;yg “bJtyk u f w&mESp&f m raA'guwyifxJ t,uftuefcv H @kd aA'gysH tefudkcJ yef;yefvsuyf æ J ”wJ?h q&matmifvif;&J@ 0wˆKxu J aA'g b0vnf;yg '\evnf;yg (zqyv)&J@ynma&;pepf tqd;k tnpf tnpftaus;udk aoG;ac|;ay;+y;D qef@usi&f w J m wdu k cf u kd &f w J m aA'gæ? &Spq f ,f&h pS (f 88) *pfwmwD;&if; rdacsmif;om;a&cg;ywfe@J vdyaf usmufzed yfp;D &if; xdik ;f Edik if rH mS aeusecf &hJ if; &wfcsb f &l (D Ratchaburi)rSm wdu k cf u kd &f if; awmfveS &f if; usq;kH oGm;wJrh if;udk 'Du [du k tvum;‘0g;vm;’tzsi;f awGukd =unf&h if;=unf&h if; rif;udik gw@kd cs;D usL;w,f *k%fðyw,faA'gæ?




rme,fravmum; r&Sad wmhæ pma&;ol.&ifrmS tjr&J adS eaom rme,fyavm-

armi armiffpi iff=u,f . rme,fyavmc&D;onf ordik ;f 0iftcef;qufaqmif;yg;udk a&Sv › rSoI azmfjyay;ygrnf

yifv,fjyifrmS vdi_ ;f ESiw hf yH ;kd u|r;f xd;k ckeyf sH b0*fv#rH # jyif;xef±u kd yf w k f xd;k ckwpf ;l &S &Sad omfvv S nf; rºuol@ajc =uH›ckdifay.æ uEWm&wcGif oJjyifrek w f ikd ;f oJvi_d ;f xºu jyif;xefvI S vrf;prjrif &Syd gv#iv f nf; ol@tif ol@tm; ausmufawmiftvm; ra±G@vsm;acs =uhHcdkifay.æ vGifwD;acgifrSm rdk;parSmifrnf; v#yaf &mifuI J oJox J pfcsKe;f wAke;f Ake;f jzifh 'ke;f 'ke;f xkacs &Syd gacsvnf; ra±G@rvsm; ol@pGr;f tm;onf }u;D rmygay =uHhcdkifay.æ nOfheufoef;acgif rdk;arSmifawm}uD; bDv;l pD;od@k om;&Jw&d p>mef qln[ H ed ;f a[muf awmudak jcmufvnf; ra=umuf±@HG acs tHah vmufay.æ a=omf- b,fo@kd vSe@f vSe@f olærvef@ b,fodk@ajcmufajcmuf olæra=umuf b,fodk@acsmhacsmh olæraysmh b,fodk@ajr‡mufajr‡muf olærajrmufacs tHah vmufay.æ tar tr Áwˆ, d um; tm*owWd &Jygbæ d ??

(wwd,t}urd af jrmuf xde;f odr;f cHae&qJ a':atmifqef;pk=unf 60 jynfah rG;ae@trSww f &)

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

15

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16

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

17

&SeD m*g0ESihf tDb&cdv 0 u tusO;f pcef;rS &Jabmfrsm;. &ifziG o hf rH sm;

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oef@aZmfrif;

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal &SeD m*g0ESihf tDbm&mcdv 0 u tusO;f pcef;rS &Jabmfrsm;. &ifziG o hf rH sm;

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

19

( Refers & Quoted from : Japan Times & Yahoo News )

&Jabmf&b J uftcsicf si;f udk owfco hJ l tar&duefppfom; 'Hasan Akbar'tm;/ ao'%fcsrw S v f u kd jf cif;? tar&duefppfwyfw@kd tD&wfEikd if t H m; p wifppfqifrnfah e@ rwdik rf &D ufyikd ;f tvd(k rwf/ 23 2003ckEpS )f wGif ul0w d Ef ikd if YH tajcpdu k f xm;aom tar&duefppfwyftwGi;f &Jabmf&J buftcsi;f csi;f wd@k udk jyefowfco hJ l 'Hasan Akbar'tm; tar&duefppfc& kH ;kH rS {+yv D (14) &ufae@u ao'%fcsrw S f vdu k +f yjD zpfonf? olonf [email protected] ppfom;rsm;&S&d m ppfwJ twGi;f od@k vufypfA;kH ESihf OD;pGmwdu k cf u kd cf +hJ y;D xGuaf jy;=uaom ppfom;rsm;tm; aoewfjzifh vdu k v f yH pfcwfwu kd cf u kd cf jhJ cif;jzpfonf? tar&d uefppfAv kd w f OD;ESihf Adv k rf LS ;wOD; aoqH;k cJ+h y;D t jcm;ppfom;(14)OD; 'g%&f m&cJ=h uonf? touf(34)ESp&f o dS l wyf=uyf 'Akbar' onf rGwq f vifbmom0ifwOD;jzpf+y;D bmoma&;wGif tpGt J vef;}u;D aeolwOD; jzpfonf? tckvkd ol@tm; tckvt kd ar&duefppfwyfxw J iG f ppfom;tcsi;f csi;f jyef owfrj_ zifh ao'%fcsrw S &f jcif;rSm AD,uferfppfyaJG emufyikd ;f yxrqH;k yifjzpfonf?

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t*FvefEikd if 0H ef}u;D csKyf 'Tony Blair' onf 2005ckESpf arv(5)&ufae@wGif usi;f ycJo h nfh t*FvefEikd if . H a&G;aumufyJG wGif xyfrt H Edik &f &Scd jhJ yefonf? ol@. av bmygwo D nf ygvrD efwiG f vdt k yfaom t rwfae&m (324)ae&m xufausmfvGef um (353)ae&m &&Scd +hJ y;D òyifbufjzpfaom 'Conservatives' ygwDu (196)ae&m om &&Scd ahJ vonf? 'TonyBlair'onf ,ckt}ur d f tEdik &f vku d jf cif;jzifh (3)}urd q f ufwu kd f ta±G;cH& aom avbmygw. D yxrOD;qH;k 0ef}u;D csKyjf zpfvmcJ+h y;D / avbmygw. D oufwrf; t=umqH;k 0ef}u;D csKy(f 1812ckEpS af emufyikd ;f )wOD;jzpfvmcJ. h ? od@k &mwGif Blair. avbmygwo D nf ,cktEdik &f &Scd ahJ omfvnf; ygvrD efwiG (f tD&wfppfyYJG yg0ifco hJ nfh twGuf v$waf wmftwGi;f tiftm;rsm; avsmeh nf;vmcJ&h +y;D ) tcsK@d aom v$wf awmfae&mrsm; qH;k ±_;H cJ&h ojzifh ,cifEpS rf sm;avmuf ygvrD efwiG f tiftm;awmifh wif;r_ r&Sad wmh+yjD zpfonf?Ð

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20

Moe Thauk Kye Journal aqmif;yg;

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jrefrmEdik if o tar&duefEikd if w H iG f jzpfygG ;cJah om 9/11(2001) t SankairSmom&EdkifwJh txl;aps;oufomaom Thai Airways =urf;zufr}_ u;D ESihf ywfoufI w&m;pGq J jkd cif; cHxm;& vufrw S rf sm;? tm;ay;r_taygif;udk aus;Zl;wifvsuf_ if&mS ;a=umif;ESihf ol 'Zacarias Moussaoui'udk jypfrx ae‹pOf eHeuf 8 em&DrS n 8 em&Dtxd/ we*FaEGEiS fh teD&ufyw d fygonf? tjypf&Sda=umif; tar&duefw&m;±Hk;awmfu {+yDv/ jrefrmwm0efc=H oef‹-uL0if;(jrefrmod‹k r[kw*f syefbmomjzifh) (21)&ufae@wGif qH;k jzwfvu kd +f yD jzpfygonf? Ginza Swallow Bldg 4 F olonf jyifopfEikd if o H m;(,cif armf±u kd Ekd ikd if o H m;) 1-14-9 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0081 wOD;jzpf+y;D / =o*kwv f (2001)ckEpS w f iG (f 9/11 t=urf; Tel: 03 5264-3460 Fax: 03 3562 3930 e-mail: [email protected] zufrr_ jzpfygG ;rD wvtvdw k iG )f / tar&duefEikd if H Minnesota av,mOfarmif; tcsd e r f a±G ; quf o, G v f y kd gu- Cell: 090 9328 4131 oifwef;ausmif;Y ouFmruif;jzpfum zrf;qD;jcif; cHc&hJ jcif;jzpfonf? tmzuefepPwefEdkifiHwGif Bin Laden(Al-Qaida). t=urf;zuf ppfavh usiahf &;oifwef;wufco hJ l'Moussaoui'onf 'Bin Laden'. teD;uyf vuf±;kH wOD;vnf; jzpfc+hJ y;D / ol@tm; 'Bin Laden'u jynfwiG ;f c&D;onfwifav,mOfukd toH;k jyKum tar&dueforwtdrjf zLawmfukd wdu k cf u kd &f ef wm0efay;cJo h nf[k vnf; ajzmifhcsufay;cJhavonf? tu,fIom olonf =o*kwv f wGif zrf;qD;jcif; rcHc&hJ yguvnf; pufwifbm v. (9/11) t=urf;zufr}_ u;D wGif jyefay;orm;tzG@J 0if (eHygw-f 20)tjzpf yg0ifchJ rnf[kvnf; qdkcJhavonf? vuf&Sd ol@tm;pGJqdkxm;aom tr_}uD;(6)ckonf ta=umif;trsK;d rsK;d a=umifh aESmifah ES;aecJ&h +y;D ao'g%t f xd csrw S Ef ikd o f nfh tr_rsm; vnf; yg0ifaeonfjzpf&m ,ckvkd jypfrx _ if&mS ;a=umif; w&m;±H;k awmf. qH;k jzwf csuo f nf ao'g%yf if jzpfayonf? t,lc0H ifb@kd om use&f adS yawmhonf?Ð

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cJw h mvm;? ppftkyfpktzdk@ &efolawG rukefEdkif ao;ygbl;? ppfwyftwGif;rSm&SdwJh o abmxm;uGv J o JG al wGu vky=f ucH w hJ m vd@k vnf; wcsKd @uqd=k uygao;w,f? w csK@d jynfya&muftwdu k t f cHawGqkd ppf tkypf u k , kd Ef u d_ u f 'DA;kH awGukd pDpOfazm uf cGcJ w hJ mvd@k awmif ajymqd=k uygw,f? 'Dvkd ppfqifa&;rsKd ;awGukd ppfwyfe@J axmufvrS ;f a&;awGom aqmif±u G Ef ikd f pGr;f &Sw d ,fv@kd axmufjy=uygw,f? oabmxm;uGJolawG twdwfrSm jzpfz;l wJh vlpv k al 0;eJ@0dik ;f ±du k cf &H wmwd@k / t"rR Edkifvdkrif;xufvkyfcHxdwmwdk@/ ygq,fxyk yf @kd +y;D AH;k cGcJ &H wmwd@k udk b,f wkef;urS w&m;Oya't& ta&;,l aqmif±u G Ef ikd jf cif;r&Sw d m[m ppftyk pf k ud k , f E _ d u f u yg yg0if v k y f } uH a evd k @ jzpfa=umif; axmufjyajymqd=k uygw,f? 'gayr,fh t&yfom;awGukd AH;k cGo J wf jzwf+y;D Edik if aH &;t& tjrwfxw k zf @kd qdk wm ppftyk pf t k wGuf vdt k yfygovm;? wcsK@d uajym=uw,f? 'DA;kH a=umifh vm r,fEh pS rf mS tmqD,t H oif; OuUÏ&mxl; udk pGe@f v$wzf @kd ta=umif;jyp&m&oGm; w,fw?hJ 'Dtcsurf eS af umif;rSeEf ikd af yr,fh ppf tkypf u k 'D&mxl;udk ,lcsiv f eG ;f vd@k t irf;r&jzpfaewmudkvnf; rarhoifhyg bl;? zdtm;awG b,favmufay;ay; 'g [m tvSnu hf swm0efq+kd y;D tckcsed x f d wif;cHaewmud=k unf&h if ppftyk pf u k , kd f E_u d u f 'DA;kH udk cGEJ ikd w f ,fqw kd hJ ,lqcsuf [m t"dyg` ,o f yd rf &Sv d yS g?

b,fvykd jJ zpfjzpf 'DA;kH azmufcw JG mudk ta=umif;ðy+y;D twdu k t f cHawGukd t =urf;zuform;awGv@kd wHqyd u f yfwm [m ppftyk pf &k @J vkyjf rt J vkyyf gy?J xdik ;f e,fpyfu twdu k t f cHawGukd xdik ;f tpd;k &u &Si;f xkwaf y;zd@k ppftyk pf u k vdv k m; w,fqw kd mvnf; ajr}u;D vufcyfrvGJ ygb;l ? jynfwiG ;f jynfyu &eforl eS o f r# ESrd Ef iS ;f &if; 'Dru kd a&pDwnfaqmufa&; vkyfief;pOfawG taumiftxnfazmf r,fqdkwJh uwdu0wfawGudkvnf; tcsed q f x JG m;Edik yf gao;w,f? 'gayr,fh jynfwiG ;f jynfyu tzsuf orm;awG&@J t=urf;zufwu kd cf u kd rf u _ kd cHae&yg+yv D @kd urBmudw k ifjyzd@k óu;d pm;ay r,fv h nf; ppftyk pf u k , kd yf ikd f oDt&kd v D uf a[mif;ujzifh vl&,fp&mjzpfaeygw,f? trSew f &m;udak zmfxw k cf si=f uwJh jynf oltrsm;pkuvnf; ppftkyfpk&J@ t axmuftxm;rJh wifjycsuaf wGtwGuf pdwyf su=f u&w,f? 'DA;kH cGrJ [ _ m ppftyk pf u k kd omru jref rmvl@tzG@J tpnf;&J@ Edik if aH &;,Ofaus;r_ udkyg pdefac:wdkufcdkufwmjzpfygw,f? vGwfvyfr#wwJh pHkprf;ppfaq;r_awG vky+f y;D w&m;cHtppftrSeu f kd Oya't& ta&;,l azmfxkwfay;zdk@ txl;yifvdk tyfvyS gw,f? tjypfrw hJ hJ t&yfom;awGtay: AH;k cGJ wdkufcdkufolrsm;udk vlrqefa=umif; ±_wcf s&rSmjzpfovdk ppftyk pf ek @J jzpfymG ; aewJh wdu k cf u kd rf a_ wG t&yfom;awG buf OD;vSnv hf u kd w f m[mvnf; 0rf; enf;p&mygyJ?

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Who Could be Behind Rangoon Bomb Attacks? aqmif;yg;udk

&Jenfu qDavsmfatmif bmomjyefonf?)

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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rSww f rf;"gwfykH

'kuo Q nfrsm; tultnDay;rnfh RHQtpnf;ta0; usif;yðyvkyf

*syefEikd if w H iG f 'kuo Q nftjzpf *syef tpd;k &rS w&m;0if todtrSwðf yjcif; cH xm;&+y;D aexdik cf iG &hf xm;olrsm;twGuf uln k aD xmufyahH &;tpDtpOf aqmif±u G f ay;rnhf RHQ(Refugee Head Quarter) rS jrefrmvlrsK;d rsm;twGuf ulnD axmufyahH &;ESihf *syefbmompum; y nmoif=um;a&;tpDtpOfrsm; &Si;f vif; ajym=um;yJt G crf;tem;udk Shinjuku-ku, Shimo Ochiai 4-6-7, Ochiai Daiichi Chiiki Center 3FwGif ae@vnf 2;00 rS 4;00 em&Dtxd usi;f yðyvkycf yhJ gonf? OD;pGmyxr wm0efcrH sm;rS ‚wd@k . vkyif ef;pOfrsm;ESihf tif'ckd sKid ;f em;'kuo Q nfrsm;udk ulnaD xmufyahH y;cJo h nfh AD'G , D rkd w S w f rf;acG rsm;udk jyojcif;/ *syefbmompum; oif=um;yd@k csrr_ sm;ta=umif; &Si;f vif;ajym=um;jcif;ESihf aq;0g;ukoay;r_rsm;/ axmufyahH &;tpDtpOfrsm;ta=umif;udv k nf; ajymqdkcJhygonf? tqkdygRHQtzJG@onf *syeftpdk;&rS w&m;0ifzJG@pnf;ay;xm;aom tzJG@wckjzpfaoma=umifh bmoma&;ESifh EdkifiHa&;udpPrsm;wGif ulnDaxmufyHhay;jcif; rðyvkyEf ikd af =umif; ajym=um;cJo h nft h wGuf wufa&mufvm=uaom jrefrm'Dru kd a&pDa&;v_y&f mS ;aeonfh Edik if aH &;'kuo Q nfrsm;ESihf o[ZwrjzpfEikd o f nft h wGuf tpDajyr_r_ r&&Sb d J +y;D qH;k oGm;cJ&h onf? (armif&iS /f bm;rm;rD', D mowif;axmuf)

nDnw G faomwdkif;&if;om;rsm;tzJG‹tpnf;(*syef) EdkifiHa&;aqG;aEG;yJG usif;yjyKvkyf nD!w G af omwdik ;f &if;om;rsm;tzJ@G tpnf;(*syef). Edik if aH &;aqG;aEG;yJw G &yfukd arv(29)&uf(we*FaEG)ae@u wdu k sK+d rKd @/ wmum'gEb dk mbm&dS &Dqikd u f ,fpifwmwGif usi;f yjyKvyk cf yhJ gonf? tqdyk gtcrf;tem;od@k tzJ@G tpnf;toD;oD;rS wm0ef&ySd *k K~ v d rf sm;ESihf tzJ@G 0ifrsm;/ nDnw G af om wdik ;f &if;om;rsm;tzJ@G tpnf;(AUN)rS tzJ@G 0ifrsm;ESihf tjcm;wufa&mufem;axmiforl sm; pkpak ygi;f (100)ausmcf ef@ wufa&mufc=hJ uygonf? aqG;aEG;yJGrSmawmh *syefEdkifiHodk@ acwWa&muf&dSaeaom (Chin Human Rights OrganizatioCHRO). qvdi k ;f iGeu f sL;H vse(f Consultant Salai Ngun Cung Lian)rS zJG;pnf;yHktajccHOya' ta=umif;/ z,f'&,fjynfaxmifpt k a=umif;ESihf tjcm;Edik if aH &;ESio hf ufqikd af om tcsut f vufrsm;udk tus,w f 0ifh OD;aqmifaqG;aEG;oGm;cJ+h y;D / *syefEikd if o H @kd a&muf&aSd eaom trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr) OuUX OD;0if;cuf/ tjcm;tzJ@G tpnf;rsm;rS wm0ef&ySd *k K~d vrf sm;ESihf wufa&muf vm=uol tcsK@d uvnf; 0ifa&mufaqG;aEG;oGm;cJ=h ua=umif; od&&Sd ygonf? tcrf;tem;od@k wufa&mufvmolwa,mufuawmh“qvdik ;f iGeu f sL;H vseaf jymoGm;wmawGu Edik if H a&;eJ@ywfouf+y;D pOf; pm;awG;ac:wwfzdk@eJ@ wm0efow d phJ w d &f zSd @kd yJ/ ajymoG m ;wmawG u wefz;k d &dw S ,fAsmæ”qd+yk ;D ajym=um;oGm;cJyh gonf? xufyik d p f ;k d (MTK)

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

27

twd‹k txd

"g;rd;k ±Gmrnf òzdifòzdifavmæ òrdifòrdifavmæ (jyZmwf)

(1) ajcqif;æ “udak 'gi;f a&/ vmrJh ZGev f [m a':atmifqef;pk=unf&@J 60 jynfEh pS u f @GJ ? ud, k w f @kd wckcv k yk &f if aumif;rvm;vd@k uG,æ f ” “q&meJ@ usaemf pdwu f ;l csi;f awmh wdu k q f ikd o f mG ;+yq D &mæ” “[kwv f m;/ 'gq&kd if aumif;wmaygæ h ” “q&mvkyrf hJ tpDtpOfomajymygq&mæ” “at;æ ud, k u f awmh/ jyZmwfwyk'af &;xm;w,f/ r,fvb f efrmS vnf; uayg/h *syefrmS &Sw d hJ pme,fZif;awGrmS vnf; xnfEh ikd af tmifyg/ a&mh- zwf=unfyh gO;D æ” (2) “"g;rdk;±Gmrnf òzifòzifavmæòrifòrifavmæ jyZmwfacgif;pnf;udkawmh óuufomG ;+yq D &mæ” “'ge@J ZmwfaumifawGukd wOD;csi;f / wa,mufcsi;f a±G;cs,=f unfyh gO;D uG,æ f ” “[kwu f q hJ &m/ ‘OD;trdu _ af umf’qdw k hJ w±kw}f u;D ae&mrSmawmhæ q&mwd@k usaemfw@kd &J@ rdwaf qG}u;D ‘OD;aom=um’ukx d m;&ifvnf; jzpfw,f? 0g&ifh orBm&ifh jzpfwhJ ‘OD;om*d’vkyv f nf; jzpfw,fq&mæ” “at;æat;æ/ 'ge@J ‘OD;pGyyf &m;qmrd’/ ukvm;}u;D ae&musawmhæ b,fo@l udk xm;&if aumif;rvJæ” “ESpv f rf;armif; ‘(ukvm;)zd;k aZmf’eJ@ ‘tZmwowfvaS rmif}u;D ’wd@k &S=d uw,f q&mæ” “tJ'v D al wGukd ud, k rf odb;l udak 'gi;f æ? olw@kd &J@ a&Su › ‘emr0daooe’eJ@yg ajymjyygOD; æ” “q&m&,fæ ESpv f rf;armif;(ukvm;)zd;k aZmfqw kd m ouFe;f u|e;f ukvm;awG/ =oqDo,fxw k w f m w0ufavmuf&adS e+y?D =oqDrmS aeawmh 'kuo Q nf/ jrefrmjynf jyefawmh jrefrmywf(pf)yd@k eJ@/ wcgjyef&if wESpaf usm=f umw,fæ” “a=omfæ 'ga=umifh ‘ESpv f rf;armif;(ukvm;)zd;k aZmf’wGiw f mud;k / 'ge@J ‘tZmw owfvaS rmif}u;D ’vnf; vkyyf gO;D æ” “vSarmif}u;D u ‘qvrfbakH b’(t=uu H ek af e)wJh pm;aomufqikd yf ikd &f iS f ‘ukv d S at;’&J@ tudq k &m/ 'DrmS &Sw d hJ ol@nDe@J ol@om;u ac:,lv@kd ZeD;armifEaHS &mufvm w,f? tJAsm (AMES)oGm;wufawmhæ ol@ajcz0g; tyla=umifu h aGJ ewmudk ppf axmufvrS ;f a&;awGu tif;pdeaf xmifxrJ mS ol@ajcz0g;udk "g;eJ@cJv G @kd uJyG gw,fq+kd y;D olu xdik &f mu vJòyjyvdu k w f ,f/ tJ'rD mS q&mæ olwcgwnf; 'kuo Q nf&oGm;yg awmhw,f? 'DrmS ‘tZmwowfvaS rmif’qd+k y;D emrnfwiG o f mG ;awmhw,favæ” at;æat;æ/ udak 'gi;f u vlord sm;awmh- vla±G;&wm tcuftcJr&Sv d b S ;l aygæ h 'ge@J xdik ;f vlrsK;d ‘cGeu f pfww D pfc|e’f twGuu f b,fo@l ud‘k vsm’xm;rvJæ” “'gu ydv k , G w f ,fq&m/ xdik ;f pum;u|r;f usiw f hJ usaemfo h m;vnf; &w,f? usaemho f m;rufawGvnf; &w,f? rylyge@J æ”

armifyn k (-opa-w;vs)

“t"duZmwfaumifu ‘tEdu _ af umf’&,f/ ‘pGyyf &m;qmrd’&,f/ ‘cGeu f pfwD upfc|e’f &,fy/J useo f al wGu rsuEf mS zH;k awGe@J r_wv f m;/ b,foo l ±kyaf qmifaqmif jzpfw,f? [kx d yfq;kH u }u;D }u;D ESpaf e&muawmh- ud, k ef @J udak 'gi;f ayg/h a':atmif qef;pk=unfae&mtwGuu f awmh yife&D ifz;kH &,f/ tcsw d v f ckH sn&f ,f/ acgi;f rSmuG,f eef;pdeaf iGukd yef;wyGiyhf efcikd ;f w,f/ rjzpfb;l vm;æ” “odyjf zpfaygq h &m/ 'grrS aumif;/ b,f[maumif;OD;rSmvJAsmæ/ uJ- pæpæ” (3) ‘"g;rd;k ±Gmrnf òzifòzifavmæ òrifòrifavmæ’ (um;vdyzf iG )hf qD'ekd ma[mfw,fcef;r(1)/ jyuGu(f 1) (OD;tEd_ufaumf(OD;aom=um)ESifh OD;pGyfy&m;qmrd(tZmwowfOD;vSarmif)wdk@ w±kw-f ukvm; t0wftpm; 0wfpm;=uvsuf Zmwfcw kH bufprD S xGuv f m=uæ) “tcsed u f awmhæ tcsed rf eS yf /J a&Su › kd enf;enf;wd;k oGm;rSyæ J ” “a&Sr› mS axmifuw J a,mufawmh awG@&w,f? olyjJ zpfrmS xifyg&@J æ” “OD;pGyyf &m;qmrdygvm;æ” “[kwyf gw,f? cifAsm;vnf; OD;tEdu _ af umfaemf” “ody[ f w k yf gAh sm/ 'Dae@ usKyw f @kd &J@ tpd;k &awGe@J tpDtpOfukd pwifaqG;aEG;=u r,f? reufjzefusawmh cGeu f pfww D pfc|eyf gw?hJ xdik ;f ud, k pf m;vS,ef @J xufaqG;aEG; =uwmayg?h raumif;bl;vm;æ” “aumif;ygAh sm;æ w±kwjf ynf}u;D [m tpp t&m&m tdE, Nd xuf omaewmyJ/ OD;tEdu _ af umf&@J tpDtpOf[m aumif;rSaumif;aygæ h ” “jrefrmEdik if [ H m w±kw/f tdE, Nd eJ@ xdik ;f Edik if /H oH;k Edik if o H m ru,f&if tm;vH;k 'kuQ a&mufawmhr,faemfæ” “'gawmhæ od+y;D om;yJO;D tEdu _ af umf/ yxrtqifh w±kwef @J tdE, Nd u b,fvkd u,fr,fqw kd mom ajymyg/ aemuf 'kw, d tqifah &mufawmh xdik ;f Edik if aH ygæ h r_wzf ;l vm;æ” “uJæuJæ/ w±kwt f pd;k &&J@ tpDtpOfukd vk&d if;yJajymawmhr,fAsm/ avmavm q,f w±kwEf pS o f ef;udk jrefrmEdik if w H iG ;f yd@k vdu k +f y;D jzpfw,f? +y;D awmh vrf;yef;quf oG,af &;/ ,leefuae+y;D ykord /f &cdik t f a&mufaygAh sm/ 'Dxufta&;}u;D wJh umuG,f a&;/ ypPn;f / aq;0g;/ vlo;kH / tdro f ;kH ypPn;f tm;vH;k udv k nf; wify@kd +y;D jzpfw,fæ” “[kwu f æ hJ OD;tEdu _ af umf/ rEWav;udpv P nf; ajymjyygO;D æ” “a&Sq › ;kH uawmhAsm- ‘jrefrmtppf[m&Sr;f ’wJah v/ ckawmh- ‘jrefrmtppf[m w±kw’f aygAh sm/ rEWav;òr@awmf[m w±kwòf r@awmfavæ” “'gq&kd if tdE, Nd taeeJ@ jrefrmEdik if u H kd u,f&if b,fvpkd u,f&rvJæ” “'guawmhæ +Adwdo#acwfrSmuwnf;u &efukefòr@awmfqdkwm ‘a[;æ vefcsm; 0g;vm;/ atmif;em;’vd@k ajymwwf&if vefcsm;awmif rpD;&bl;avæ/ &efuek -f rEWav;eJ@ awmifi=l um;/ +y;D awmh armfvòrife@J bl;oD;awmif-armif;awm/ tJ'rD mS ukvm;awGcsn;f yJrw _ v f m;æ” “at;Asmæ/ usaemfw@kd tpd;k &&J@ tpDtpOfawG jrefjrefxufxuf +y;D ajrmufomG ; zd@k usaemft=uw H ckðyyg&apæ” “rEWav;uawmh w±kwòf r@awmfyx J m;vdu k yf gawmh/ &efuek u f akd wmh tdE, Nd u ESpyf /kH w±kwu f wyHk raumif;bl;vm;? rEWav;ESihf awmifi=l um;/ bl;oD;awmifarmif;awmudak wmh usaemfw@kd wajz;ajz;cso J› mG ;r,f? armfvòrif/ u&ifjynfe,f udak wmh xdik ;f eJ@ usaemfw@kd ndE‡ i_d ;f oGm;r,fæ”

Moe Thauk Kye Journal vd@_ 0Suaf jratmufcef;/ jyuGu(f 2) (Adv k rf LS ;}u;D ,uQEiS hf ol@&Jabmfrsm; vd@_ 0Surf suEf mS zH;k pGyu f m aqG;aEG;ae=upOf) “uJæ 'DuufqufacGxrJ mS w±kwef @J ukvm;[m jrefrmEdik if u H kd b,fvckd +GJ y;D a0,l=ur,fqw kd mudk rif;wd@k od=u+y;D jzpfw,f? tJ- xdik ;f eJ@ olw@kd eJ@aqG;aEG;wJt h cg xdik ;f oabmxm;udk xyf=um;&OD;r,f? tJ'aD wmh tcsed u f r&Sb d ;l ? wyfz@GJ wcsK› u d Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D oef;a±$ ol@ajr;awGe@J aqmhupm;wJt h csed /f Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D armifat; 0DpuDrl;csdefrSm rif;wdk@vkyf&rSmawGudk igtcsufay;r,f? wcsdefwnf;rSm wyfz@GJ wcsK› [ d m a':atmifqef;pk=unf&@J aetdrt f rSw(f 54)wuUov kd &f yd o f mvrf; eJ@ teD;qH;k ae&mudk a&mufae&r,f? r&Si;f wm&Sv d m;æ/ r&Si;f &ifar;æ” “&Si;f ygw,fAv kd rf LS ;}u;D æ” “at;æ'gq&kd if vlcsi;f cJæ G ” (4) a':atmifqef;pk=unfaetdr/f jyuGu(f 3) (a':atmifqef;pk=unf aetdrt f 0wftpm;jzifh bk&m;&Scd ;kd +y;D pENm;&m;cHo k @kd oGm;pOf) “bk&m;æbk&m;/ ig'h u k x Q uf jrefrmjynfoal wG&@J ab;'kuu Q }u;D av;vSyg w,fæ” (,if;tcsed w f iG f w,fvzD ek ;f toH jrnfvm/ a':atmifqef;pk=unf w,fvzD ek ;f udk aumuf,+l y;D em;axmif) “ajymyg&Sifæ” “rrvm;/ reufzefqdk&if rrarG;ae@yJrræ” “[kwu f yhJ g&iS /f aus;Zl;wifygw,fæ” “rr usef;rmzdk@vdkw,f? usef;rmatmifaeygrræ” “usrxuf jrefrmjynfoal wGu yd+k y;D ta&;}u;D ygw,fæ” (w,fvzD ek ;f jyefusomG ;) qD'ekd m;a[mfw,fcef;r(2)/ jyuGu(f 4) (OD;tEdu _ af umfEiS hf OD;pGyyf &m;qmrdw@kd xdik af epOf xdik ;f vlrsK;d cGeu f pfwu D pfc|ef 0if a&mufvm+y;D 0rf;yef;womE_wq f uf) “OD;tEdu _ af umfEiS hf OD;pGyyf &m;qmrdw@kd udk awG@&wm 0rf;omygw,fæ” “usaemfe@J OD;pGyyf &m;wd@k u jrefrmEdik if u H kd w±kwef @J tdE, Nd u b,fvu kd ,fwif =ur,fqw kd m aqG;aEG;oabmwl+y;D jzpfw,fAsm? tJ'g- rpPwmupfwyD J xdik ;f Edik if H taeeJ@ jrefrmEdik if t H ay: b,fvv kd yk u f ikd rf ,fqw kd mudk wifjyapcsiyf gw,fæ” “[kwu f -hJ [kwu f ?hJ xdik ;f omru,f&if jrefrmppftyk pf q k w kd m r&Sad wmhygb;l ? usaemfw@kd rSm tpd;k &uwrsK;d vky/f txufvw $ af wmfu vl=unfah umif;atmif wrsK;d vkyef @J zwfzwfuakd rmaeygw,fæ” “'gawGawmh ajym&if t&Sn}f u;D yg? usaemfw@kd tdE, Nd tpd;k &eJ@ w±kwt f pd;k &u vnf; odygw,fav? r'r(rkwrW )uxGuw f hJ a&eH"gwaf iG@&,f jrefrmhyifv,fjyifu ig;ykpeG af vmufe@J qdk xdik ;f Edik if t H aeeJ@ auseyfEikd rf vm;æ” “'guawmhAsm/ &cdik b f ufrmS xGuw f hJ a&eH"gwaf iG@awGvnf;/ tdE, Nd taeeJ@ &aew,f? &efuek òf r@}u;D rSmvnf; &Sad ewJh ukvm;awGukd ta=umif;ðy+y;D oH;k yHEk pS yf kH &aew,f? +y;D awmhæ rEWav;eJ@awmifi=l um;rSm&Sw d hJ òr@jyawG/ bl;oD;awmifarmif;awmeJ@ armfvòrifbufrmS aexdik =f uwJh ukvm;awGæ [J-[Jæ” “uJ-uJ/ wdw k ekd @J vd&k if;+y;D oGm;atmif usaemfyJ =um;0ifyg&ap? rpPwmupfwD taeeJ@ aemufxyfvdkcsifwmawG ajymygOD;Asmæ” “[J-[Jæ oHviG jf rpfay:u a&eJ@ v#ypf pf"gwt f m;awG&,f? +y;D awmh &Sr;f jynf e,f/ u,m;jynfe,f/ rGejf ynfe,fe@J u&ifjynfe,ftay: =oZmoufa&mufae& r,fAsmæ? ck&aewJh a&eH"gwaf iG@eJ@ ig;ykZeG af wGvnf; quf&ap&r,f? tJ- ta&; }u;D qH;k u armfvòrife@J wevFm&Dqw kd m wcsed u f xdik ;f e,fr[kwv f m;? pOf;pm; Edkifatmifygaemfæ” “ckvkd yGiyhf iG v hf if;vif; od&wm aumif;ygw,f? jrefrmEdik if &H @J tdref ;D csi;f oH;k Edik if &H @J qENawGukd usaemfw@kd tpd;k &xH jyefwifjyr,f? raumif;bl;vm;æ/ 'Dae@awmh 'D

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avmufe@J yJ t+y;D owf=u&atmifAsmæ” (5) vd@_ 0Suaf jratmufcef;/jyuGu(f 5) (Adv k rf LS ;}u;D ,uQEiS hf ol@&Jabmfrsm; vd@_ 0Surf suEf mS zH;k pGyI f xyfraH qG;aEG;aepOf) “uJ- tm;vH;k yJ 'kw, d uufqufacGukd em;axmif+y;D =u+yrD w _ v f m;æ/ w±kwf a&m/ ukvm;a&m/ xdkif;a&m 'dk@EdkifiHeJ@ 'dk@vlrsKd;awGtay:rSm b,favmuf aumufusppf Of;vJwhJ tpDtpOfawGe@J vkyaf e=uw,fqw kd m od=u+yyD æ J ” “od=uyg+yAD v kd rf LS ;}u;D æ” “'gq&kd if óuwifppD Ofxm;wJt h wdik ;f 'D w±kw/f ukvm;/ xdik ;f oH;k aumifukd trd t&zrf;+y;D igw@kd vd@_ 0Supf cef;udk ac:cJ/h 'Dukd a&mufvmwmeJ@ igqufvyk rf ,fæ” “[kwu f yhJ gAv kd rf LS ;}u;D æ” Adv k cf sKyfrLS ;}u;D oef;a±$trd /f jyuGu(f 6) (Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D oef;a±$rmS tdraf et0wftpm;jzifh ol@ajr;rsm;aysmaf tmif qifvyk f ay;ae/ ajr;rsm;onf wa,muf+y;D wa,muf cGp;D =u/ Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D ESihf ol. uawmfw@kd onf w0g;0g;&,farmae=u/ ,if;tcsed w f iG f w,fvzD ek ;f toH0ifvm) “armifa&- armifeJ@ wdkuf±dkufajymcsifvdk@wJhæ” (a':óuifóuif Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D xH w,fvzD ek ;f udv k rS ;f ay;) “ajymyg/ ig Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D yJæ” “AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;cifAsm;/ usaemf AdkvfrSL;}uD;,uQyg? usaemfwdk@ OD;tEd_uf aumf&,f/ OD;pGyyf &m;qmrd&,fe@J rpPwmcGeu f pfwu D pfc|ew f @kd udk zrf;qD;xm; vdu k yf g +yDæ” “jrefrmEdik if aH umif;pm;a&;twGuf olw@kd aqG;aEG;wdik yf ifaewmudk rif;u bm a=umifzh rf;&wmvJæ” “jrefrmEdik if u H kd Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D wd@k taeeJ@ w±kw/f ukvm;/ xdik ;f Edik if v H ufxJ xd;k tyfaewmudk usaemfw@kd vufrcHEikd b f ;l ? ckyJ &Sr;f jynfu cJx G u G +f y;D vGwv f yfa&; a=unmw,f? aemufxyf wck+y;D wck jynfaxmifpx k u J cJx G u G o f mG ;rSmudk usaemf wd@k vufrcHEikd b f ;l æ” “uJ- 'gjzifh rif;u bmjzpfcsio f vJæ” “w±kw/f ukvm;/ xdik ;f tpDtpOfawGukd &yfqikd ;f ay;yg? a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd csucf si;f v$waf y;yg? +y;D awmh jrefrmEdik if H aumif;usK;d csr;f omtwGuf tcsi;f csi;f ndE‡ i_d ;f aqG;aEG;=uyg? 'g[m usaemfw@kd awmif;qdck suyf æ J ” “at;-at;? ig udak t;(Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D armifat;)eJ@ ndE‡ id_ ;f vdu k Of ;D r,f? rif;wd@k [kv d al wGukd t&rf;rvkyef @J aemfæ” “reufzef[m a':atmifqef;pk=unf&@J (60)jynfh arG;ae@jzpfw,f? tJ'aD rG;ae@ a&mufv@kd rS a':atmifqef;pk=unf jyefrv$wb f ;l qd&k if/ Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D cif;Asm? t Edu _ af umf/ pGyyf &m;qmrde@J cGeu f pfwu D pfc|ew f @kd vnf; vl@jynfrmS r&Sad wmhygb;l ” “[Jh-[Jhæ/ óuifóuif udkat;(AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;armifat;)qDqufprf;/ [JhaumifawG/ ud, k af y:u qif;=u-qif;=uæ” (um;vdycf s)

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vlxak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf. ESpf 60 jynhf arG;ae‹txdr;f trSwtf crf;tem;udk atmufyg tpDtpOftwdkif; usif;yjyKvkyfrnfjzpfygI wuf a&mufqifEGJ=uyg&ef Ed_;aqmftyfygonf? usif;yrnfa h e‹&uf? ? 2005 ckESpf/ ZGefv 19 &uf/ usif;yrnfhtcsdef? ? ae‹vnf 1;00 em&DrS nae 6;30 em&Dtxd usif;yrnfa h e&m? ? YMCA ASIA YOUTH CENTER, 2-5-5 Sarugaku-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo