Mtk Vol4 No3

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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pm=unhw f u k d Ef iS * h f sme,fem,ursm; wifr;kd (uG,v f eG )f / armifpif=u,f wm0efct H ,f'w D m pd;k 0if;&Sed /f ae0ef; owif;ydi k f;qdki f&mwm0efcH ausmfausmfEikd /f armif&iS /f [ef0if;xGe;f 090 4924 2906/ 090 4128 4725 a=umfjimwm0efcH 0if;atmif/ wifwif0if;(090 8720 9017) pmpDpm±dkuf aroef;a±$/ oEWmvGif rsufEmS zH;k 'DZi kd f; apmode;f (rd;k aomuf=u,f) twGi ;f yef;csDo±kya f zmf 0if;az/ aX;opf/ armifatmifvD jzef@csda&; rd;k ndK/ wifatmif/ wd;k =unfaqG(wdu k sKd) ud&k w J if(h em*d, k m) 080 3628 9979 0if;ay:armif(ud&k ;D ,m;) 8210 3938 5712 rrif;rif;jyKH ;(tar&dum;) 1260 424 1434 aX;Edik (f e,fomvef) 31 6176 76582 pmrlrsm; ay; yd@k vdyk guT 161-0033 SHINJUKU-KU, SHIMO OCHIAI 1-11-7, OCHIAI ECO MANSION 301, TOKYO, JAPAN [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Fax:(81)3 3364 5163 Home Page

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal q&mwifr;kd trSww f & pmrsuEf mS rsm;

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal q&mwifr;kd trSww f & pmrsuEf mS rsm;

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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ESpf 60 ajrmuf jynfaxmifpak e‹tcrf;tem;ESihf wdik ;f &if;om;rsm;. trsKd;om;ae‹tcrf;tem;rsm; pnfum;oduk òf rufpmG usif;y *syefEikd if o H @kd a&muf&adS e=uwJh jynfaxmifpzk mG ; wdik ;f &if;om;nD tudak rmif ESrrsm;[m azazmf0g&v D twGi;f rSmusa&mufcw hJ hJ rdrw d @kd &J@ ‘trsKd;om;ae@txdr;f trSw’f rsm;usif;ycJ=h uovdk ’jynfaxmifpak e@tcrf;tem;’udkvnf; pnfum; odu k òf rufpmG usif;ycJ=h uwmudk jrifawG@cJ&h ygw,f? tqdyk gtcrf;tem;rsm;udk wm0efusif;ycJw h o hJ rl sm;u jynfaxmifppk w d "f gwf/ trsKd;om;a&;pdw"f gwfrsm;jzihf wufwufºuºuusif;ycJ=h uwmjzpf+y;D *syefEikd if H a&muf jrefrmvlrsKd;rsm;omru *syefvrl sKd;rsm;/ Edik if jH cm;om;rsm;yg wufa&muf tm;ay;cs;D jri‡ chf =hJ uwmudv k nf; jrifawG@cJ&h ygw,f? usi;f ycJw h hJ txdr;f trSwyf rGJ sm; ta=umif;udk tpDtpOftwdik ;f jyefvnf*% k jf yKazmfjy&r,fq&kd ifawmhjzif-h azazmf0g&Dv 11 &ufrmS usa&mufwhJ ‘59 ESpaf jrmuf u&iftrsKd;om;ae@’ tcrf;tem;udk u&iftrsKd;om;rsm;tzJ@G (*syef)u wm0ef,I l *syefEikd if &H dS u&if wdik ;f &if;om;nDtudrk sm;ESiphf ak ygif;um ae@v,f 12;00 em&DrS 4;30 em&Dtxd wdu k sKòd r@/ cdw k ckd ±dik /f ,Ofaus;r_taqmuftODcef;r 4 xyfwiG f usi;f ycJ&h m *syefEikd if H udk acwWa&muf&adS ewJh autef,rl w S m0ef&o dS l ‘z'd;k ol&’J / z,fcòkH r@e,f jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f ‘OD;cGerf mcGeb f ef;’wd@k vnf; wufa&mufI *k%jf yKpum; rsm;ajymqdo k mG ;cJ=h uovd/k autef,Al [dXk mecsKyfrmS ppfa&;wm0efxrf;aqmif aewJh *syefvrl sKd;ESpOf ;D uvnf; vuf&&dS ifqikd =f uKH awG@ae&wJh autef,&l @J tajc taeeJ@ etzppftyk pf &k @J xd;k ppfqifaer_ta=umif;rsm;udv k nf;aumif;/ u&if'u k Q onfpcef;rSm pm=unfw h u kd rf sm;zGiv hf pS af y;cJ+h y;D apwemh0efxrf;pdwef @J pmoif=um; ay;aeaom ‘&Sew f ’d tzG@J u ‘0gwmembJ’rSvnf;aumif; ajym=um;oGm;cJyh gw,f? azazmf0g&Dv 12 &ufae@rSmusa&mufwhJ ‘ESpf 60 ajrmuf jynfaxmifpak e@’ txdr;f trSwt f crf;tem;yJu G akd wmh ‘nD!w G af omwdik ;f &if;om;rsm;tzJ@G tpnf; (*syef)’uOD;aqmifI ‘rdemrdt;kd pkc’cef;rY ae@v,f 11;30 em&DrS n 9;30 em&Dtxd crf;em;odu k òf rufpmG usi;f yjyKvyk o f mG ;cJ&h m wufa&muftm;ay;olaygi;f 400 ausmf&adS =umif;od&cdS &hJ +y;D zdw=f um;xm;onhf txl;{nho f nfawmfrsm;xJrS Edik if aH usmt f qdak wmfa':rmrmat;u jynfaxmifpak e@*k%jf yKaw;oDcsi;f rsm;tyg t0if jrefrmaw;oDcsif;rsm;jzifh oDqakd zsmfajzay;oGm;cJyh gw,f? azazmf0g&v D 18 &ufae@ eHeufyikd ;f rSawmh ‘ 59 ESpaf jrmuf rGet f rsKd;om;ae@’ tcrf;tem;udk ‘ykn*g&DreG t f rsKd;om;rsm;tzG@J (*syef)’rS wm0ef,al qmif±u G u f m wum'gEb kd mbmblbw l iG w f nf&adS om nD!w G af omwdik ;f &if;om;rsm;tzJ@G tpnf; (*syef).±H;k cef;wGif usif;yjyKvkyo f mG ;cJ&h m wufa&mufot l iftm; 40 ausmf&+dS y;D rGe±f ;kd &mtpm;taomufrsm;ESihf wnfch if;{nhcf o H mG ;cJyh gw,f? tqdyk gae@ naeydik ;f rSmawmh ‘59 ESpaf jrmuf csi;f trsK;d om;ae@’tcrf;tem;udk ‘csi;f wdik ;f &if;om;rsm;tzJ@G tpnf;(*syef)rS wm0ef,al qmif±u G cf +hJ y;D tcrf;tem;udk 3 ydkif;cJGI us,fus,fjyef@jyef@jyKvkyfcJhum yxydkif;tpDtpOfwckjzpfonhf ‘0wfjyKqkawmif;arwWmyd@k ojcif;’udk eHeufyikd ;f wGif usif;yjyKvkycf yhJ gw,f? 'kw, d ydik ;f ESihf wwd,ydik ;f tpDtpOfukd tdcb J ck ±k /kd ckrif;pifwm 6 xyfwiG f nae 5;30 em&DrS 9;00 em&Dtxd usif;ycJ&h m zdw=f um;xm;aomtzJ@G tpnf; toD;oD;rS wm0ef&ydS *k Kd~ vrf sm; trSmpum;ajym=um;jcif;/ wdik ;f &if;om;tzJ@G tpnf; toD;toD;rsm;ESihf jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pD tiftm;pkrsm;rS rdwq f ufpum;ajym=um;jcif;/ Edik if w H umrSay;yd@k vmaom csif;trsKd;om;ae@txdr;f trSwf o0%fvm$ rsm;zwf =um;jcif;wd@k udk jyKvkycf yhJ gw,f? xd@k aemufraS wmh wufa&mufvmonh{f nhyf &dowfrsm;udk csi;f ±d;k &m*Dwrsm;ESihf azsmfajzwufqufay;cJ+h y;D 200 ausmfwufa&mufcw hJ ,fv@kd od&&dS ygw,f?

xdik ;f e,fpyf&dS autef,Al [dXk mecsKyfwiG f ppfa&;wm0efxrf;aqmifaeaom *syefvrl sKd;ESpOf ;D rS vuf&t dS ajctaersm;udk &Si;f vif;ajym=um;aeyHk

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

7

Moe Thauk Kye Journal *syefjynfwiG ;f v+y&f mS ;r+owif;rsm;

rd;k aomuf=u,fo‹kd +cdr;f ajcmufonhpf mrsm;a&muf&/dS txl;owd&=dS uzdv‹k akd =umif;ajym=um; rdk;aomuf=u,fpm=unhfwdkufyHk;xJ od@k azazmf0g&v D 15 &ufae@u wHqyd f acgif;uyfrxm;onfh +cdrf;ajcmufpm wapmif &&Scd yhJ gonf? tvm;wlpmrsKd;udk rd;k aomuf=u,f tD;ar;vfrsm;rSwqihf r=umc%&&Sad e aomfvnf; ,ckvufcH&&SdonhfpmrSm pmwdkufyHk;xJodk@ vludk,fwdkifvmxnfh oGm;onhf +crd ;f ajcmufpmjzpfonf? pmygta=umif;t&if;rSm rd;k aomuf =u,fpm=unhw f u kd u f wm0ef,jl zef@csd aeaom ‘rdk;aomuf=u,f*sme,f’xJ wGif ‘etzppftyk pf u k kd tjyKoabm aqmifonhaf qmif;yg;rsm;azmfjyI apmf um;aejcif;/ etzudk qef@usifawmf vSeaf eonho f rl sm;udk ol&aJ umif;rsm; tjzpf todtrSwjf yKum tm;ay;tm; ajrm‡ ufjyKaejcif;wd@k a=umifh rd;k aomuf =u,f t zJ G @ om;rsm;yg Ed k i f i H a wmf ykeu f efonhf ‘Oya'yk'rf 122(1)’t& ‘pufwdkifnd’Edkifa=umif;/ EdkifiHa&;qdk onfrSm ol@touf udk,fhtouf avmif;a=u;xyfonhyf jGJzpfaoma=umifh rif;wdk@Edkif&if rif;wdk@oabm/ igwdk@ Edik &f if Oya'twdik ;f bJ’[k a&;om;xm;

+y;D a&;oltrnfukd Constitutionalist Party(zJ@G pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'jyKorl sm;ygw)D [k oHk;E_ef;xm;onf? pmygtoH;k tE_e;f rsm;ud=k unhcf si;f jzifh touf 60 ausmf ynmwwfv}l u;D w OD;rSa&;om;jcif;jzpfonf[k cef@rSef;rd a=umif;/ tb,fa=umifq h akd omf oH;k pJG xm;onfh ‘pufwdkifndygoGm;csifo vm;’/ ‘&mZowf}u;D yk'rf 122(1)t& ao'%fxu kd o f al wG’/‘In Politics, life is Stake ’qd k o nf h toH k ; tE_ e f ; rsm; a=umifjh zpf[k oH;k oyf=uonf? ‚udpPESihfywfoufI rdk;aomuf =u,ftzJ@G om;rsm;tygt0if 0dik ;f 0ef;ul nDvyk af qmifaeolrsm; txl;owd0&D d ,&Sd=uzdk@vdka=umif;ESifh etztaeeJ@ ‚wd@k aºu;a=umfxm;onht f wdik ;f ‘rD'D ,mudkrD'D,mESifhwdkufrnf’ qdkonhf aqmifyk'fESifhtnD owif;rD'D,mrsm; jzef@csdaeaom ‘rdk;aomuf=u,f*sm e,f’wckxo J mru *syefEikd if &H dS 'Dru kd a&pDa&; axmufct H m;ay;aeonhf pm apmifrsm;/ *sme,frsm;ESihf owif;Xme rsm;udv k nf; +crd ;f ajcmufvmEdik +f y;D / t csif;csif; nD!w G rf +_ yKd uJaG tmif oyfv#Ld

vmEdik af =umif; rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhf wdkufwm0efcHwOD;jzpfol ‘rwifwif 0if;’u ajymqdyk gonf? rd;k aomuf=u,ftzJ@G om; tm;vH;k . t=ujH yKqH;k jzwfcsuft& azazmf0g&Dv 26 &ufae@u &Jpcef;od@k oGm;a&mufI tzGirhf w _ ikd =f um;cJ&h m &Jpcef;&Sd wm0ef&dS olrsm;u vufct H wnfjyKI tr_ziG ahf y; cJ+h y;D ‘wpHw k &mjzpfygu ‚ wd@k zke;f eH ygwf 110 od@k csufjcif;zke;f quf&ef’ESihf ‘tr_twGuf tao;pdyf pHpk rf;ppfaq;r_ rsm; jyKvkyaf y;oGm;rnf’[k ajymonf?

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tm[m&pmapmif 6 ESpjf ynhtf xdr;f trSwuf sif;y *syefEikd if w H iG f ‘tcrJ’h xkwaf 0jzef@csd aeaompmapmifrsm;teuf oufwrf; t&Snq f ;kH jzpfonfh ‘tm[m& pmapmif . ‘6 ESpfjynfhtxdrf;trSwftcrf; tem;’ud k azazmf 0 g&D v 18 &uf (we*FaEG)ae@ nae 6;00 em&DrS 9;30 em&Dtxd &Dqikd u f ,fpifwmtaqmuf tOD 4 xyfwiG f usi;f yjyKvyk cf &hJ m *syef Edik if &H dS pmayESihf 'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G tpnf; toD;oD;rSy*k Kd~ vrf sm;/ tm[m&pmapmif udk cspjf rwfE;kd =uonfv h rl sm; pHpk n kH n D jD zifh wufa&mufc=hJ uygw,f? tcrf;tem;rSL;tjzpf ‘udrk ;kd }u;D ’u pDpOfaqmif±GufcJh+yD;/ tm[m&jzpfay: vmyHkordkif;tusOf;tm;ajym=um;jcif;/ ay;yd@k vmonfh o0%fvm$ rsm;udzk wf =um;jcif;/ {nhyf &dwo f wfrsm;rS *k%jf yK pum;ajym=um;jcif;rsm;tjyif ‘opPm awmfvSefa&;pmayr*~Zif;’t,f'Dwm/ tm[m&pmapmif . yif w d k i f p ma&;

q&mwOD;vnf;jzpfol q&marmifpdk; csderf S trSmpum;ajym=um;ygw,f? tqdyk gyo GJ @kd wufa&mufvmolrsm; udk aumfzED iS hf tom;n‡yaf ygifrek @f rsm; jzifh wnhfcif;{nfhcHcJh+yD; ‘tm[m&pm apmif 6 ESpaf jrmuf trSww f &pmtky’f ESifh ‘ydawmufyGifhopf(10)’udkvnf; ‘tcrJ’h jzef@csdcyhJ gw,f?

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/ vufc&H &Sad om rl&if;pmwapmif

8

tifwmeufaqmif;yg;

Moe Thauk Kye Journal tifwmeufowif;rsm;

ÐtEkynm&SiZf m*em ausmif;om;vli,fav;rsm;ESihf awG‹qHpk um;ajym

emrnf}u;D vl±i$ af wmf tEkynm&Sif Zmuemu &efuek òf r@&Sd tar&duefpif wmwGif ‘tusyftwnf;=um; &Sio f ef ±kef;uefcsdefrSm ar#mvdkufrvm;æ/ azmufxGufrvm;æ’acgif;pOfjzifh p um;&nfv&k efjyifqifaeonhf ausmif; om;vli,frsm;udak wG@qHu k m tusyt f wnf;rsm;=um;rS ol@b0jzwfoef;r_t awG@t=uKH rsm;udk tjyeftvSeaf qG;aEG; ajym=um;onf? Zm*emu “tcuftcJ tusyft wnf;=um;xJrmS usaemfw@kd b,fv±kd ek ;f uefvmcJo h vJqw kd mudk uav;awGu odcsifw,f? usaemfu axmifxJu xGufvmwJhvljzpfw,f? tjyifa&muf vmwJhtcgrSmvnf; 18 ESpfvHk;vHk; t +ird u hf cGihf tydwcf x H m;&w,f? tckwcg

wESpfeD;yg;&Sd+yD/ xyf+yD;ydwfxm;wm? em rnfawmifazmfjycGirhf &Sb d ;l ? 'D=um;xJrmS usaemfb,fvdk±kef;uefovJqdkwmudk uav;awGu &Sif;jyapcsifwJhtwGuf usaemhftawG@t}uHKudk jyefajymjywm ygæ”[k ajymonf? tusyftwnf;rS±ek ;f xGu&f ef enf; vrf;wrsKd;wnf;roHk;bJ enf;vrf;t rsm;tjym;oH;k &efvt kd yfonf[ak jymonf? wqufwnf;“rvkyfoifhwJht&m uawmh yk±u G q f w d af wGukd y±kwq f eD @J 0dik ;f vdu k w f t hJ cgusawmh y±Guq f w d f awG[m y±kwq f 0D ef;tjyifurkd xGub f J eJ@ txJrSmyJ tcsif;csif;jyefudkuf+yD; awmh tr_e@f awGjzpfuek =f uw,fav? tJvdkrsKd; tcuftcJxJa&mufoGm;+yD qd&k if ud, k t fh csif;csif;jyefuu kd w f OhJ yrm rjzpfoifb h ;l æ”[k ‚u&Si;f jyonf? vli,frsm;u aiGa=u;tcuftcJ a=umifh ynmroif=um;Edik yf /kH ausmif; wufae&mwGifvnf; rdb.pD;yGm;a&; tusyt f wnf;a=umifh aiGrvHak vmuf yHk/ um&mtdkauqdkifwGif oDcsif;qdkI ausmif;wufae&yH/k &vmrnhb hf @GJ u t vkyt f udik Ef iS b hf 0tmrcHcsurf ay;Edik yf kH ponhf ynma&;ESiyhf wfoufonhf t

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zefr;D tdrv f nf; xm0&vif;ygapæ cGyaf 'gi;f awGvnf; xm0&wGeEf ikd yf gapæ rcifcsdKoif; (tDbm&muD) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

9

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ÐppforH LS ;eJ‹aqGrsKd;awmfol ud&k ;D ,m;v0uYtzrf;cH& ud&k ;D ,m;Edik if q H ikd &f m jrefrmoH±;kH rS ppforH LS ; Adv k rf LS ;}u;D [efwif&h @J wl0rf;uGJ awmfpyfol ud0k if;atmif[m ppforH LS ; &J@om;jzpfol udak usmaf Z,smwif&h @J Edik f iHul;vufrSwfeJ@ jrefrmjynfjyefzdk@}udK; pm;pOf ud&k ;D ,m;Edik if /H tifc|ef;tjynf jynfqikd &f mavqdyrf mS ud&k ;D ,m;vl0ifr_ }u;D =uyfa&;Xmeu zrf;qD;xm;a=umif; RFAowif;t& od&ygw,f? oH±;kH rSm ,Ofarmif;tjzpftvkyv f yk f udik af ew,fv@kd ,lq&wJh ud0k if;atmif [m 2007 azazmf0g&D 23 &uf/ nae 6 em&Dcef@u udak usmaf Z,smwif&h @J Edik f iHu;l vufrw S u f t kd oH;k jyK+y;D jrefrmjynf jyefz@kd }uKd ;pm;pOftzrf;cH&wmjzpfygw,f? udk0if;atmif[m ‚&J@EdkifiHul; vufrw S af ysmufq;kH oGm;wJt h wGuf t ckvdkjyKvkyfwmvdk@ od&ayr,fh bmh a=umifh Oya'rJv h yk u f ikd w f mvJqw kd m r &Si;f rvif;jzpfaeygw,f? avhvmolwcsKd @uawmh oH±;kH ,mOf armif;wd@k / oH±;kH t&m&So d m;orD;wd@k [m oHwrefEdkifiHul;vufrSwf udkifaqmif =ua=umif;/ ud0k if;atmifEikd if u H ;l vuf rSwaf ysmufq;kH w,fq&kd ifvnf; topf

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qdu k m ay;vdu k o f nf? Ò t&m&Su d awmfu tdraf &Sc› ef;wGicf sdwx f m;vdu k o f nf? Ò r=umrD q,fausmfouforD;ESpOf ;D ausmif;rSjyefvmonf? Ò omvdumu “topfuav;awGvm+yD-topfuav;awGvm+yDæ”[k

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

10

awG‹qHak r;jref;jcif;

tifwmeufaqmif;yg;

EdkifiHjcm;om;rsm;twGuf usef;rma&;aq;ppfay;aeaom a'gufwm‘,mrmrl&’(Dr. Yamamura)ESifh awG@qHkjcif; *syefEikd if rH mS aexdik rf aumif;jzpfv@kd aq;cef;jyr,f/ 'grSr[kwf a&m*gtajctaeu }uD;rm;vdk@ aq;±Hkwuf&awmhr,fqdk&if tenf;qH;k *syefaiG 10 aomif;uae aomif; 100 ausmftxd ukeu f sr,fqw kd mudk *syefrmS &Sw d hJ jrefrmvlrsKd;wdik ;f od=urSmyg? ud, k w f ikd rf =uKH awG@ao;ayrJv h nf; ud, k yhf wf0ef;usifrmS rdred @J qufE, G af ewJh oli,fcsi;f / aqGrsK;d om;csi;f awGxrH S =um;zl;=urSmyg? 'D=um;xJ ‘[kwfuif;’ac: ‘aq;ukocGifhtmrcH’r&Sd&if aq;ukop&dwu f ydak y;&ygw,f? 'Dvrkd sKd; Edik if jH cm;om;awG=uKH awG@ae&wJh tcuftcJ tusyf twnf;udk ud, k cf sif;pmrd+y;D rdrw d wfEikd w f b hJ ufu ‘apwemh0ef xrf;’oabmrsKd; vdu k v f u H n l aD qmif±u G af y;aewJh u q&m0ef a'gufwm Yamamura JunpeiESihf rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhf wdu k t f zJ@G om;rsm;awG@qH+k y;D aqG;aEG;ar;jref;xm;wmawGukd pmzdwf olrsm;twGuf tusKd;&Srd ,fxifv@kd azmfjyay;vdu k yf gw,f? rd;k ? ? yxrOD;qH;k ar;cGe;f taeeJ@ayghq&mæ 'Dvyk if ef;pvkyjf zpfcw hJ t hJ csdeef @J bma=umifph vkyjf zpfwmvJqw kd majymjyay;ygvm;æ d hJ aq;cef;udk Edik if jH cm;om;rsm; Ò2004 ckEpS rf mS pwifjzpf+y;D YokohamarSm&Sw aq;ukozd@k a&mufvm=uwmuaep+y;D vkyjf zpfz@kd pdwu f ;l ay:wmyg? Edik if jH cm;om; trsm;pk[m omrefaq;ukor_cH,lwmeJ@r+yD;yJ/ ‘aiGa&;a=u;a&;tcuftcJ’/ ‘bmompum;tcuftcJ’/ ‘v0ueJ@ywfoufr_’awG&w dS t hJ wGuf aq;ukocsed f rSm r+y;D bJ rdepf 30-40 avmuf tcsde, f +l y;D aoaocsmcsm&Si;f jyzd@k vdt k yfwhJ twGuf ae&m&Sm+y;D 'Dvyk if ef;udk vkyaf qmifjzpfwm jzpfygw,fæ

udk aq;ukoc t&pfuscGaJ 0ay;qyfz@kd aq;¶krH mS &Sw d hJ vlra_ &;0efxrf; (social worker)rsm;ESihf qufo, G I f aqmif±u G af y;jcif;rsm;udk jyKvkyyf gw,f? usaemfh wOD;csif;taeeJ@ aq;ay;jcif;(aq;ukojcif;ESifhqdkifaomtjyKtrl)/ aiGa=u; axmufyjhH cif;rsm;udk jyKvkyjf cif;r&Syd gbl;? usaemfaq;cef;xdik w f hJ Minatomachi aq;cef;udv k m&ifawmh omref aq;¶kaH q;cef;oGm;ovdk usoifw h hJ aq;zd;k 0g;c/ aq;ukocay;aqmif&rSmjzpfygw,f? aq;¶kw H ufz@kd tmrcHr,fv h u l akd wmh vlem u &SmazG&rSmjzpfygw,f? t"du vkyaf qmifcsufuawmh vlemeJ@aq;¶k=H um; tqifajyatmif qufo, G af y;jcif; jzpfygw,f?

rd;k ? ? tckvu kd sef;rma&;apmifah &Smufr_ apwem0efxrf;udk b,favmuf twdik ;f twmxd vkyaf y;Edik yf govJ? Òt"duvkyaf qmifaewmuawmh ‘pum;tm;jzifh &Si;f vif;ajymjyay;jcif;’/ (a&m*gtajctaeuko&ef vdt k yfwt hJ aetxm;)/ ‘wufa&mufuo k r,fh aq;¶kH od@k rdwq f ufpma&;ay;jcif;’(rdwq f ufpmxJrmS aq;ukoc toufomqH;k jzpf atmif aqmif&u G af y;&ef xnfo h iG ;f a&;om;jcif;)/ aq;¶krH wufbJ a&m*gao;i,f wJh vlawGtwGuf aq;qdik rf mS aq;0,faomufv@kd &atmif !$e=f um;ay;jcif;? tp&Sw d t hJ &mawGukd vkyaf y;cJyh gw,f

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rd;k ? ? tckvv kd yk af y;wJt h cg ‘aexdik cf iG Ahf ZD mr&So d ’l rsm;/ ‘aiGa=u;rjynfph o kH ’l rsm; pojzifh tcuftcJ&adS eolrsm;udk b,fvkd txda&mufq;kH ulnED ikd rf ,feh nf;vrf; rsm;udk &SmazGtoH;k jyKygovJ? Òaq;¶kw H ufa&muf+y;D aq;ukocHr,fah q;¶ku H kd rdwq f ufpma&;uwnf;u ‘Edik if jH cm;om;/ ADZmr&S/d aiGa=u;rjynfph o kH ’l awGukd vufcpH pD Ofay;Edik rf ,fah q;¶ku H kd a&G;cs,pf pD Ofay;wJt h wGuf aomif;q,f*%ef;rS &m*%ef;xd ukeu f srnfo h rl sm;

rd;k ? ? q&mh&@J ywf0ef;usit f odik ;f t0dik ;f u tckvrkd sK;d apwem0efxrf;vkyaf qmifr_ tay: b,fvo kd abmxm;tjrif &Syd govJæ Òusaemf[mvlvw G w f a,mufjzpfwt hJ wGuf teD;uyfajymr,fv h rl &Syd gb;l ?

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

11

Moe Thauk Kye Journal awG‹qHak r;jref;jcif;

ud, k &hf @J pm;0wfaea&;vHak vmufw,fq&kd if rdbaqGrsdK;taeeJ@uvJ ajymp&m r&Sw d t hJ wGuf aumif;wmvkyw f mjzpfwt hJ wGuf aumif;ygw,fv@kd yJajymygw,fæ rd;k ? ? q&mh&@J vkyif ef;xJrmS Edik if jH cm;om;tzG@J tpnf;rsm;eJ@/ tjcm;tzG@J tpnf;/ vly*k Kd~ vfrsm;&J@ yl;aygif;aqmif&u G rf _ &Syd govm;? ÒEdik if jH cm;om;tzG@J tpnf;rsm;taeeJ@ ulnyD yhH ;kd r_r&Syd gb;l ? vlemawGukd tusK;d ta=umif;&Sif;jy+yD; aq;¶kHoGm;zdk@ rdwfqufpma&;ay;¶kHyJvkyfwJhtwGuf ulnD axmufyrhH r_ vdyk gb;l ? ae&myJt"duvdt k yfygw,f? rJ*¶k ;dk bk&m;ausmif;/ Anesty international tzG@J tpnf;awGe@J tquftoG,& f adS yrJh xJx0J if0ify;l aygi;f aqmif &Gurf r_ sdK;r&Syd gbl;? rd;k ? ? usaemfw@kd rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhw f u dk rf mS jrefrmq&m0efEpS Of ;D u usef; rma&;udpaP qG;aEG;wm vufcv H yk af qmifaewJt h wGuf q&mhukd tultnD awmif;&if yg0ifvyk af qmifay;Edik yf govm;? Òusaemft h aeeJ@ rJ*¶k ;dk bk&m;ausmif;rSm vpOf ‘'kw, d ywf’eJ@ pwkwyˆ wf’/ ‘aom=umae@’rSm vma&muf+y;D / jrefrmvlrsdK;rsm;twGuf ‘pwkwyˆ wf we*FaEG’ ae@v,f 2;00 em&Duae 3;00 em&D=um;/ wmu'gEdb k mbmu ‘&Dqikd u f ,fpif wm’rSm vma&mufaqG;aEG;aewm&SdaewJhtwGuf rdk;aomuf=u,fudkvm+yD; oD;oef@rvkyaf qmifay;Edik yf gb;l ? rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhw f u kd rf mS jrefrmq&m0ef 2 a,mufu vufcaH qG;aEG;+y;D vdt k yfv@kd usaemfq h u D kd qufo, G v f mcJ&h ifawmh taumif;qHk;jzpfatmif aqmif&Gufay;Edkifygvdrfhr,f? qufoG,fzdk@uawmh G rf vm;/ aom=umae@rSm rJ*¶k ;dk bk&m;ausmif;wm0efcH Arikawa Sanudk qufo, FWUBC u udjk rifa h qGuaewqifh qufo, G rf vm;qdw k hJ vrf;2oG,&f ydS gw,f? rd;k ? ? ta&;ay:ukor_c, H &l r,ft h aetxm;rSm&Sw d hJ vlemtaeeJ@ b,fvkd vkyo f ifyh govJæ ÒteD;pyfq;kH rSm&Sw d ahJ q;¶ku H o kd mG ;zd@k ygy/J tJ'aD q;¶ku H aq;ukor_twGuf tc a=u;aiG,&l mrSm 1 rSwu f kd 10 jym;,lwahJ e&meJ@ 15 jym;/ jym; 20 ,lwahJ e&mawG

&Sw d t hJ wGuf aq;¶ku H akd r;+y;D 1 rSwf 10jym;xufy, kd w l ahJ q;¶kq H &kd ifawmh ukeu f s p&dwyf rkd sm;rSmjzpfwt hJ wGuf aq;¶kaH jymif;oifyh gw,f? ta&;ay:udpeP @J aq;¶ko H mG ; +y;D awmhrS aq;¶keH @J vlem=um;xJrmS jyoemay:cJ&h ifawmh usaemfu =um;0ifun l D aqmif±u G af y;Edik w f t hJ wGuf vma&mufwikd yf ifaqG;aEG;Edik yf gw,fæ rd;k ? ? tjcm;usef;rma&;tzG@J tpnf;rsm;uaum yg0ify;l aygif;r_rsdK;&Syd govm;? tpDtpOfa&m&Syd govm;? Òavmavmq,frmS awmh bmrSr&Sad o;ygbl;æ rd;k ? ? bmompum;tcuftcJ&adS eolrsm;twGuf b,fvpkd pD Ofaqmif&u G af y; xm;ygovJæ Òbmompum;tcuftcJtwGuu f awmh tvG,q f ;kH *syefpum;eJ@ &Si;f vif; ajymjyay;rSmjzpf+y;D b,fvrkd eS m;rvnfEikd &f ifawmh bmomjyefr,fv h u l kd ac:vm apcsiyf gw,f? rd;k ? ? v³0³u˜udk q&m 1 v wcgoGm;aew,fv@kd =um;&od&ygw,f? txJrmS txde;f odr;f cHae&wJv h al wGukd q&mhtaeeJ@ usef;rma&;eJ@ywfouf+y;D bmawG rsm;aqmif&u G af y;Edik cf yhJ govJæ Òv0uqDu cGijhf yKcsuf,+l y;D prf;oyfppfaq;r_rvkyEf ikd w f t hJ wGuf vlemudk yg;pyfe@J ar;jref;ppfaq;+y;D vlem&J@tajctae aq;pma&;+y;D a&S@aeudak y;tyf+y;D tmrcHwifz@kd udpv P yk af qmifz@kd zdtm;ay;jcif;yJvyk Ef ikd yf gw,fæ rd;k ? ? rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,fuaewqifh q&mhtaeeJ@ ajymcsiw f m&Syd govm;æ Ò taxGtxl;awmh r&Sad wmhygb;l ? apwemh0efxrf;vky+f y;D aqG;aEG;&Si;f jywJh ae&mrSm usaemft h aeeJ@ aq;ukor_ rvkyyf g? vlemem;vnfatmif &Si;f vif;ajym jy+y;D aq;¶krH w d q f ufpma&;wmudyk J t"duaqmif&u G yf gw,f? Minatomachiu aq;cef;udv k m&ifawmh usoifw h hJ aq;ukoceJ@ taxGaxGuk q&m0efwa,muf &J@ aq;ukor_ukd cH,El ikd yf gw,f? 1rSwu f kd 10jym;eJ@ wGu+f y;D ,lrmS jzpfygw,fæ

tvkyf±HkaqG;aEG;yJGESifh usef;rma&;qdkif&mo±kyfjyaqG;aEG;yJG usif;y *syefEikd if w H iG f tvkyv f yk u f ikd af e=uaom jrefrmvlrsK;d rsm;. tvkyo f rm; a&;&mudprP sm;/ vkyif ef;cGiq f ikd &f mta&;udprP sm;ESihf use;f rma&;qdik &f mudpP rsm;twGuf aqmif±Gufvkyfaqmifay;aeaom ‘jrefrmEdik if o H m;tvkyf orm;rsm;or*~tzJ@G csKyf’(FWUBC)ESit hf wl *syefq&m0ef Dr. Yamamura JunpeiESifh Japanese Association of Metal, Machinery, and Manufacturing workers(JAM)wd@k ygy;l aygi;f I ‘tvkyo f rm;a&;&m tvky±f akH qG; aEG;yJ(G 2)ESihf usef;rma&;qdik &f mo±kyjf yaqG;aEG;yJw G &yf’udk azazmf 0g&D v 18 &uf/ ae@v,f 1;30 em&DrS 5;00 em&Dtxd &,fqikd u f ,fpifwm 4 xyfwGif usif;yjyKvkyfoGm;cJh&m ‘a'gufwm,mrmrl&’ESihftwl jrefrm q&m0efEpS Of ;D jzpfaom ‘a'gufwmoef;0if;’ESihf ‘a'gufwm=unf0if;’wd@k rS vnf; 0ifa&mufun l v D yk af qmifay;cJo h nf? ,ckusi;f yjyKvyk o f nht f pDtpOfonf 2 }urd af jrmufjzpf+y;D qufvufI vnf; *syefa&mufjrefrmvlrsK;d rsm;twGuf tusK;d &Sad prnhf tvky±f akH qG;aEG; yJrG sm;udk vpOfjyKvkyaf y;oGm;rnf[v k nf; od&onf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

12

tifwmeufaqmif;yg;

(1) Zefe0g&Dvukefydkif;u &efukef+rdK@&Sd tar&duefo±H ;Hk eJ@ +Aw d ed o f ±H ;Hk awGa&S@rSm vlwpku pmwrf;awGuikd +f y;D qENjy=u w,fv@kd od&ygw,f? ukvor*~ vkjH cKH a&;aumifprD mS jref rmhta&; qk;H jzwfcsucf sz@kd uefe@J vdyu f tqdw k if wmudk ±_wcf suef@uGuw f t hJ aeeJ@ qENjywmvd@k qkyd gw,f? qENjyolawG[m wm0efojd ynfol awGjzpfw,fv@kd etzu ol@owif;pm rSma&;ygw,f? etz&J@oabmxm;eJ@ xyfwlxyfr#jyKvkyfwJh 'DqENjyyGJ[m etzud, k w f ikd pf pD OfwmyJqw kd m jrefrm jynfoal wGu pOf;pm;aep &mawmifr vdb k J tvdv k o kd ad e=u+y;D om;yg? 'gayr,fh 'Dupd eP @J ywfouf+y;D jynf wGi;f jynfy'Drt kd iftm;pkawGbufuae a0zefoHawG ‘[kef;’ceJay:vmwJhtcg ud}k u;D ay:wa,mufvnf; em;xifawG pyfzsOf;zsOf;jzpfomG ;cJrh yd gawmhw,f? a0zefoal wGtm;vk;H u 'g[m jynf olawG&@J qENtrSerf [kwb f ;l / etzu pD p Of w mjzpf w ,f v d k @ wnD w !G w f wnf; ajymqd=k uygw,f? xm;ygawmh? 'gtm;vk;H odae+y;D om;qkad wmh tus,f rchsv J akd wmhygbl;? tJæ ta&;}u;D qk;H tiftm;pk}u;D jzpf wJh trsKd ;om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKy&f @J a0zef csufrSmawmh- “etz[m olxkwf xm;wJOh ya'udk oljyefcsdK;azmufaewm jzpfw,f/ wnfqJOya't& vlig; a,muf x uf y d k + yD ; pk a 0;qEN j yvd k @ r&bl;æ”vd@k yg&Sd w,fcifAs? bma=umifrh sm; tJovdak jymwmyg vdrv hf @kd ud}k u;D ay:pOf;pm;=unfw h m em; xifawGomylvmw,f/ tajzawmh aumif;aumif;r&bl;cifAs? ud}k u;D ay: u nHw h ,fav? teft,f'u D etz&J@ Oya'rvdu k f emwmudk axmufjywmawmhaumif;yg &J@? 'gayr,fh jynfov l x l u k wu,f tppftrSeq f ENjycsifwt hJ cg ‘Oya'eJ@ rnD!Gwfbl;’qdk+yD; etzuzrf;qD; axmifcs&if b,fvrkd sm; axmufjya0 zefavOD;rvJv@kd awG;rdav&J?h ud}k u;D ay:uawmh jrefrmjynfrmS q ENjycGi&hf w,fqw kd mudk tawmfoabm usrw d ,f? b,fo@l udyk jJ yjy/ b,fo@l bufuyJjyjy/ ‘qENjyvd@k &w,f’qdw k m udk trdt&qkyu f ikd rf &d if 'g[m wHcg;w

Moe Thauk Kye Journal a0zefa&;aqmif;yg;

enf;enf;awmhvaJG e+yx D ifw,fæ ud}k u;D ay: csyf[oGm;wmyJvdk@ pOf;pm;rdawmhæ [kwu f æ hJ enf;enf;awmh vGaJ e+yD xifw,fæ (2) +y;D cJw h EhJ pS f rd;k OD;usavmufu jrefrmh Edik if aH &;ZmwfcaHk y:rSm pwiftok;H awmf cHvmwJh udak t;vGiq f w kd yhJ *k K~ v d u f bD bDpDeJ@aqG;aEG;cef;wckrSm“ppfwyftay:rSm usaemfw@kd u Edik f iHa&;t& emusn;f p&mbmrSr&Sb d ;l ? us aemfwdk@awmif;qdkwJh wygwDpepfzsuf ay;ygqdkwmudk ppfwyfu zsufay;cJh w,f? ygwDppHk epfvyk af y;cJw h ,f? a&G; aumufyaJG wmif vkyaf y;cJw h myJæ”wJ?h udak t;vGiu f tJovdk ppfwyfukd tcspfawmf0ifjycJhovdk/ teft,f'Dudk vnf; jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;vrf;ydwfqdk@ae& wm[m olwdk@a=umifhjzpfw,fvdk@ em usnf;pum;qdv k u kd af o;&J?h udak t;vGiw f a,mufwnf;&J@tcspf awG trke;f awGuakd wmh ud}k u;D ay:vnf; vdkufrcHpm;wwfygbl;? 'gayr,fhaygh av/ ppfwyfu a&G;aumufy}JG u;D usi;f yay;+y;D / tJonfa&G;aumufy&JG v'fukd todtrSwf rjyKwm/ ,ae@xufwikd f atmif v$wfawmf ac:ray;wmus awmh udak t;vGib f ,fvrkd sm; cHpm;rSmyg vdrv hf @kd odcsifvu kd w f m? a&G;aumufyu JG ykd pfy,fwm[m udk at;vGiftygt0if jrefrmvlxkw&yf vk;H &J@ Edik if aH &;qENuykd pfy,fwmjzpfav awmh/ tif; tJ'gurkd emusn;f &bl;qd&k if [kwu f æ hJ enf;enf;awmh vGaJ e+yD xifw,fæ udak t;vGiu f &Spaf v;vk;H [m us aemfw@kd vkyw f mvd@k r=umr=um cyfºum; ºum;ajymwwfygw,f? tckawmh wyg wDpepfudkzsufay;cJhol[m ppfwyfjzpf w,fv@kd qdjk yefygw,f? 'gqkd &Spaf v;vk;H vlxktkHºuawmif;qdkr_a=umifh rqv wygwpD epf+yKd v&J wmr[kwb f ;l vd@k rsm; udkat;vGifqdkcsifwmvm;æ [kwu f -hJ 'gvnf; enf;enf;awmh vGaJ e+yx D ifw,fæ

(3) +y;D cJw h v hJ u &efuek rf mS uG,v f eG o f l awmfbk&m;av;udk *k%fjyKwJhtaeeJ@ usef&pfolrdom;pkeJ@ pmaytodkif;t 0dik ;f u awmfb&k m;av;pmayqkay;yGJ jyK vkyyf gw,f? 'DyrJG mS q&m}u;D '*kew f m&m u trSmpum;ajymygw,f? q&m}u;D u t&ifajymaeustwdik ;f ‘+ird ;f csrf;a&;/ nD!w G af &;/ vGwv f yf a&;’qdw k m wqif+h y;D wqifh qufpyf aewJhta=umif;/ +ird ;f csrf;a&;twGuf &eforl &S/d rdwaf qGom&S/d rke;f olr&Sd cspf olom&S/d Edik if aH &;vkyw f ,fqw kd m &efol udk rdwfaqGjzpfatmifvkyfwmjzpf a=umif;/ pojzifah jymqdo k mG ;ygw,f? tJ'rD mS t&if;&Sipf epfukd uGejf rLepf v_y&f mS ;r_u awmfveS cf ahJ =umif;/ uGejf rL epfpepf[m rusq;Hk ao;bJ qufvuf vkyaf qmifaeqJjzpfa=umif; ajym&if;eJ@ “tck rsdK;qufawGuawmh usaemfh txifaygAh sm/ tJ'gu 'Dru kd a&pDueG jf rL epfpepfv@kd usaemfajymcsifygw,fæ” vd@k rde@f a¹coGm;ygw,f? ewfaeudik ;f rcsdKifaumif;bl;vd@k vl }u;D olrawGajymqdw k m rSwo f m;zl;yg&?hJ 'gayr,fh udik ;f }u;D u vrf;ray:xd;k us vmawmh udk}uD;ay:vnf; 0ifwdkufrd wmaygh? uk}d u;D ay: em;vnfrw d mu uGejf rL epfawGa&m/ uGejf rLrepfoal wGa&m rdrd wdk@ }udKuf&mpepfudk vGwfvyfpGm,kH =unfESpfoufEdkifzdk@ 'Drdkua&pDpepfqdk wmud k wnf a qmuf a e=uwmjzpf w,fv@kd yg? tck rwnfaqmufEikd af o; vd@k 0dik ;f 0ef;}uKd ;yrf;ae&qJr[kwv f m;?

'Dru kd a&pDrwnfaqmuf&ao;bl;/ }uKd ;yrf;qJ'rD u kd a&pDukd ‘'Dru kd a&pDueG f jrLepfpepf’vd@k trnfwyfvu kd af wmhæ [kwu f æ hJ 'gvnf; enf;enf;awmh vGaJ e+yx D ifw,f? (4) azazmf0g&D 21 uae 23 txd xdik ;f jrefrme,fpyfrSm jrefrmh'Drdktiftm;pk awG&@J qÏrt}urd f r[mAsL[mndE‡ i_d ;f a&;tpnf;ta0;usi;f ycJyh gw,f? 'Dru kd a&pDxyd o f ;D tzG@J tpnf;awG tpkt H nD wufa&muf=uygw,f? tpnf;ta0;u tcsuf 6 csuyf gwhJ a=unmcsuw f apmifxw k jf yefcyhJ gw,f? tJonfrmS “Edik if aH &;t& oH;k yGiq hf ikd af qG;aEG;yGJ tajccHtay:wGif wdik ;f jynf.jy\em t&yf&yftm; +ird ;f csr;f pGmawG@qHak qG;aEG; tajz&Sma&;onf toifah v#mq f ;kH vrf; a=umif;jzpfonfæ”vdk@ r[mAsL[m &nfreS ;f csufukd azmfjyxm;ygw,f? 'Dr[mAsL[meJ@qef@usiw f hJ “etz vrf;jyajrykt H m; tqifw h idk ;f wGif vlxk tm;jzifh wku d zf sufomG ;&rnf” vd@k yg&dS ygw,f? aemufwcg “ppftyk pf &k hJ trsKd;om; nDvmcHukd 0dik ;f 0ef;wdu k zf sufypf=u&ef/ rdrw d @kd . tajccHtcGit hf a&;rsm; &&Sad &; twGuf &J0HhpGmwdkufyGJ0if=uyg&ef t pnf;ta0;u wdu k w f eG ;f Ed;_ aqmfvu kd yf g onfæ” vdk@ v_H@aqmfxm;ygw,f? 'Drt kd iftm;pkawG&@J Edik if aH &;cH,cl suf &yfwnfcsuf[m &mE_ef;jynfhcdkifrmyg w,f? rSefuefygw,f? av;pm;tm; wzufpmrsufEmS od@k «

wHqyd af cgif;zd;k ay;ygu tdrw f ikd &f ma&mufy‹kd ay;ygrnf rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unfw h u dk u f OD;pD;xkwaf 0aeaom rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,fukd vpOfyrkH eS rf mS ,lzwf±v _ ykd gu*syefjynfwiG ;f - wv 200 ,ef;( 5 vpm ,ef; 1000) wjcm;Edik if rH sm;- wv 2 a':vm( 5 vpm 10 a':vm)

(pmwdu k rf aS iGxnfyh @kd rnfqykd gu taºursm;xnfyh @kd Ir&yg)

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

13

Moe Thauk Kye Journal tifwmeufowif;rsm;

Ðwdkif;&if;olrsm; rw&m;jyKusifhcHae&onfhudpP csif;trsKd;orD;wOD;rS ukvor*~odk‹wifjy

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14

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal v 0 u tusO;f pcef;rS &Jabmfrsm;. &ifziG o hf rH sm;

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

15

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5000(ig;axmif,ef;wdwd) 5000(ig;axmif,ef;wdwd) 3000(oHk;axmif,ef;wdwd) 3000(oHk;axmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 1000(wpfaxmif,ef;wdwd) 13220(wpfo;kH ESpEf pS q f ,f,ef;) 16˜000(wpfaomif;ajcmufaxmif,ef;)

89˜134(&Spaf omif;ud;k axmifwpf&moH;k q,fah v;,ef;)

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal v 0 u tusO;f pcef;rS &Jabmfrsm;. &ifziG o hf rH sm;

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‘zefr;D tdraf zmifa';&Si;f ’pm&if;&Si;f wrf;

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tifwmeufaqmif;yg;

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ivef;uawmh 'g%f&mawGaq;xnfhvkd@ emwJh=um;uajymaewmbJ? “odyaf umufuspfwt hJ aumif}u;D tb&? usKyfuadk pmifjh y;D cket f yk w f m? usKyf b,fvrdk rS ar#mfvifw h ahJ e&muyke;f +y;D xGuu f w k w f mAs? usKyfc&k xm;wJ'h g%fawG [m 'Daumif}u;D &J@ ESpcf suyf w k yf &J w dS ,f? oH;k csuq f &dk if usKyt f aobJ? usKyrf vG,f awmhb;l ? usKyu f vJ 'if;ESmEkurdk v d u dk w f meJ h wcsuu f av;rSudk rn‡mawmhwm? aemufq;kH ol@acgif;jywfxu G o f mG ;wJx h d qufwu dk cf w k w f mav? rvG,b f ;l Asæ” tbzke;f u a&wcGucf yfvmjy;D ref;aq;ukw d u dk w f ,f ? “'D'g%f&mawGt&Sed ef @J qk&d if rif; ±Gmjyefra&mufcifukd tjzm;0ifvmEkid w f ,f vlav;&J@? aomuf/ aomufvu dk f a&awGut dk ukeaf omufvu dk /f a&mh xyfaomuf vku d t f ;kH / a&uvJ aq;bJuæ G ” (4) a&awGawmfawmfrsm;rsm;aomufzdk v h rdk eS ;f ivef;vJow d ,f? oloyd yf ifyef;vm w,f? ac|;xGufodyfrsm;aew,f? aoG;xGufvJvGefaew,f? armwmuawmh rajymeJ@awmh? 'gayrJh 0uf0u H dk aoatmifowfEidk cf +hJ y;D atmifaoatmifom;pm;& vkd@ 0rf;omvHk;qkd@aevkd@cHomwm? “usKyu f 'if;ajc&mukad umufr+d yq D u dk wnf;u odw,f? 'if; b,favmufxd aumufuspfEkdifw,fqkdwm? a'gob,favmuf=uD;w,fqkdwm? vufoJawG b,favmufxufw,fqw dk m? tuku d u f vJoyd o f efw,f? vufnKd‡ ;avmuf&w dS hJ opfwu dk idk ;f ukrd sm; a'goeJ@uku d x f m;wm wdueJjywfaew,f ? ajymvk@d omajym wmyg/ usKyu f vJ tvGeaf 'go=u;D wJah umifygbt J b&m/ 'DEpS af umifawG@=uawmh yJGu=urf;awmhwmayghæ” tbzke;f u Al;awmif;eJ@xnfx h m;wJah &ukyd g vrf;rSmaomufz@dk xnfah y;&if; “uJ zk;d vef;/ rif;oGm;awmh? a[m'DrmS vrf;rSmaomufz@dk a&/ awmufav#muf vJroGm;eJ@/ r=umr=umem;ay;? qufwu dk o f mG ;&if odyyf ef;oGm;r,f? em;em;aeae oGm;? a&aomufvrJ ysif;eJ@? r=umr=umaomufaomufay;/ 'g%f&mawGuvJ jyef+yD;aoG;xGufrvmapeJ@? =um;vm;- uJ oGm;awmh/ jyefawmhæ” ivef;[m rkq;dk wa,mufyyD D =urf;wrf;cufxefw,f ? 'gavmufawmif 'g%f &mawGe@J pkwjf ywf+y;D yifyef;aewJ=h um;u atmifaoatmifom; 0uf0aH cgi;f jywf }u;D ukd qufxrf;oGm;w,f? ol@pdwu f ;l xJrmS tbzke;f u b,fvb dk J em;zd@k ajymajym ±Gmukad &muf&if em;zd@k r&Sb d ;l ? ol}u;D tdru f w dk ef;oGm;r,f/ ±Gmuk0d if&if ajrmufzsm;u0if&r,f? ol}u;D tdrf u awmifzsm;rSm? ±GmweHwvsm;ukd 0uf0Hacgif;jywf}uD;xrf;&if; jzwfjyr,f? w&Gm;vHk;=unfh vku d =f uprf;? ar;vku d =f urJah r;cGe;f awG/ b,faumifurdk rS ajzbl;? ol=u;D tdru f s awmhrS tm;vH;k ukd wcsdex f aJ jymjy&r,f? a'Gav;vH;k wifw@dk tdraf &Su › jzwf&if ode;f EG@J xGu=f unfah erSmawmh aocsmw,f? ol}u;D tdrrf mS 0uf0aH cgif;jywf}u;D ukd csjy&r,f? w&GmvHk;=unfh=uprf;/ ivef; wlrD;eJ@ypfvmwmr[kwfzl;? vif;uif;"g;eJ@ tjywf b,fvcdk w k v f mw,fqw dk mukd &Si;f jy&r,f? wuk, d v f ;kH 'g%f&mawGudk =unfv h u dk =f uprf;/ ivef;r[kw&f if ±GmxJu b,faumifub dk jJ zpfjzpf uyfe@J xrf; o,frS awmxJuae ±Gmjyefa&mufEidk =f ur,f? tbzke;f u ±Gmukd em;em;aeaejyefb@dk / a&mufwmeJ@csucf si;f tem;,lb@dk / b,f vkyd rJ mS vku d af yrJh ivef;tdru f v dk J wef;jyefrmS r[kwzf ;l ? ol}u;D tdru f o dk mG ;r,f? w±GmvH;k ivef;[m b,fvrdk q k ;dk rsKd;vJqw dk m aumif;aumif;odap&r,f? (5) tbzke;f &J@opfcufwu J av;u ivef;xGucf v hJ @dk ajcvSr;f q,fvrS ;f rjynfch if rSmbJ olawmfpif}u;D [m eHeufpmuav;pm;bk@d ukad wmif qufr}uKd ;yrf;awmhbJ uGyyf pfay:rSmjyefxidk jf y;D wjcm;tm±H=k urf;awGr0ifEidk af tmif bm0emurRXmef; pD; jzef;aevku d w f ,f? (+y;D ) (‘rSe’f 0wˆK}u;D xJu pv,fq;kH jynfph w kH hJ oDjcm;0wˆKi,fwyk'jf zpfygw,f)

*syefa&muf pmay0goemygol/ pmzwfcsio f rl sm;twGuf

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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tifwmeufaqmif;yg;

oa&mfpm

etzpme,fZif;avmuta=umif; waphwapmif; (1) “bba&æ/ etzpme,fZif;avmurSm *sme,f aygif;u 30/ t,f'w D maygif;u 123 OD; ±H;k wuf=u &+yDæ” “rsm;vScsv D m;eef;pdeaf iG/ b,fvjkd zpfwmvJu, G ?f ‘OD;bab’vufxufrSma&m/ ‘jrefrmhtvif;’vuf xufrmS yg 'Davmufrsm;wm r=um;bl;aygifAsmæ” “ck[mu a&;wJv h yl aJ jymajym/ &rf;wJv h yl aJ jym ajym/ a&;wmu ‘,H,’H qdv k m;/ ‘&rf;&rf;’qdv k m;/ wa,mufxJwJh bb&J@æ” “[kwv f m;? wa,mufxaJ &;wm *sme,faygif; 30/ t,f'w D maygif; 123 OD;jzpf&wmvJu, G æ f ” “'Dvdkbb&J@/ rdefrvm; a,muFsm;vm;rodwJh ‘,H,’H a&;wJah qmif;yg;udk *sme,f 30 rSmxnfah wmh w&m;cHu *sme,f 30 jzpfw,fav/ tJ'*D sme,f 30 rSm tr_xrf;wJt h ,f'w D maygif;u 123 OD;&Sw d ,fwhJ bb&J@æ” “rqvacwfrSm ay:vpDaqmif;yg;awGawmif owif;pmawGrmS yg&if tvGeq f ;kH ESpyf 'k yf gyJu, G ?f ck avmuftxd *sme,f 30 rSmawmh rxnhcf =hJ uygbl; eef;pdefaiG&,fæ”

pm;’wJh ‘jrwfcdkif’vdkvlyJ&Sdygawmhw,fuGJ@æ”

(2) “xm;ygawmhuG,f/ a&;wJhta=umif;t&mu b,fvdkrsm;vJuG,fæ” “qd;k w,fbb&J@/ tJ'D “,H,’H qdw k u hJ avmif&iS f u a':atmifqef;pk=unf/ OD;wifO;D eJ@ tusOf;usae wJh Edik if aH &;orm;awGukd tywfpOft*Fgae@wdik ;f ‘a±$ wd*HkapwDawmf}uD;’rSm qkawmif;ay;aewJh ‘aemf tke;f vS’eJ@ ol@tzJ@G om;awGukd acwfa[mif;u ‘prf; acsmif;’eJ@ ‘=unhfjrifwdkif’tul;rSm&SdwJh emrnf}uD; jynfhwefqmacgif; ‘oHwHwm;a':yk’eJ@ cdkif;Ed_if;+yD; r zG,rf &ma&;w,fbb&J@? bbvnf; pme,fZif;q &myJ? vkyaf umif;ovm; bb&,f æ” “pme,fZif;usif0h wfe@J odumQ t& rvkyaf umif; wmawmh taotcsmayghu, G ?f 'Drvkyaf umif;wm awGuykd J etzvufxufrmS olw@kd ydik pf me,fZif;awG eJ@ olw@kd &J@=oZmruif;wJh pme,fZif;awGu vkyaf e& w,favæ” “'Dae@ pme,fZif;ykid ;f uvl}u;D awGawmh wjzKwf jzKwef @J uG,v f eG u f ek +f y?D q&matmifAveJ@ bbwd@k vJ jynfyudx k u G v f m=u/ q&mwifr;kd uvJ uG,v f eG f oGm;+yq D akd wmh vuf&dS b,foal wGrsm;&Sad o;ovJ bb&,fæ” “tm;awmh odyu f ekd mygw,feef;pdeaf iG/ rajymr jzpfv@kd om ajym&rSmygu, G ?f igw@kd pme,fZif;avmu rSm ‘usD;uef;’olaumif;ajrm‡ uf/ csD;ajcmuf aumuf

(3) “bbajymwJh ‘jrwfcikd ’f u ppftyk pf v k ufxuf rSm emrnf}uD;yJ? rD;&xm;0ef}uD; ‘OD;0if;pdef’vuf xufrmS olrygr+y;D yJ bb&J@æ” “'gayghu, G ?f wcs›Ku d pme,fZif;avmurSm u Asmvnf;ra&;/ 0wˆKvnf;ra&;yJ ‘yGpJ m;’vkypf m;=u w,f eef;pdefaiGæ” “bbajymrS ‘udak 'gif;’vnf; ckq&kd if uAsma&; &mu yef;csq D aGJ e+y?D 'ge@J 'Djrwfcikd u f b,fo@l wynfh rsm;vJ bb&,fæ” “'dk@pme,fZif;avmurSmu oduQm&SdwJh q&m wynhaf wG&o dS vd/k odumQ r&Sw d hJ q&mwynfah wGvJ &SdouJG@æ” “ajymygbbæ” “at;uG,/f 'kw, d t}urd x f yf+y;D tm;em+y;D ajym &OD;r,f? ‘taxmufawmfO;D tke;f jrif’h &J@wynfah wGu taxmufawmf‘vSatmif’/ taxmufawmf‘pdef xGef;atmif’/ taxmufawmf‘vd_ifjrifh’wJhuGJ@? wcg taxmufawmfvSatmif&J@wynfhawGteufu ‘=unfjrif’h wd@k / ‘atmifjynf’h wd@k awmh =um;zl;ygw,f? ‘jrwfcikd ’f udak wmh r=um;bl;cJb h ;l uG,æ f ” “[kwfuJhbbæ” “Aef;armfwifatmif&ydS g&ufe@J ‘opPmwifatmif’ xyf&cdS o hJ vd/k ‘ode;f azjrif’h &Syd g&ufe@J ‘oef;azjrif’h xyf&o dS vdk wcgw&H ajymzd@k cufygw,f eef;pdeaf iGæ” rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

armifyn k (-opa-w;vs)

(4) “ckwavm etzvufxufrmS pme,fZif;avm uomr[kwfbl;uJG@? EdkifiHa&;avmueJ@ pD;yGm;a&; avmuawGyg uarmufurawGu 'ke@J a';yJæ/ t ouf 90 ausmf&w dS hJ ‘0g;c,frocifoed ;f az’uG,f vGe+f yq D +kd y;D / &yfuu G af umifpu D kd pmoGm;ay;wJu h pd /P rvkyo f ifrh vkyx f u kd w f mawG vky=f uw,fæ” “'geJ@bb&,f/ aemftkef;vSw&m;pJGwJhudpPu b,fvdkrsm;jzpfvmEdkifovJæ” “pkpak EG;ta=umif;vJygw,fqakd wmh ‘jrwfcikd ’f eJ@ taygif;tygawG 0dkif;0ef;apmfum;wJhtr_qdkawmh ‘aemftkef;vS’taeeJ@ ‘pkpkaEG;’vdk/ yJcl;ua&S›ae ‘OD; at;jrif’h vdk ZJaG umif;zd@k pdw&f n S zf @kd vdw k ,fæ” “pkpak EG;u vl@tcGit hf a&;a=umif/h a&Sa› eOD;at; f rkd xd&b J ;l uJ@G ? jrifu h ukvor*~e@J ILOa=umifh odyu ckvJ aemftek ;f vStaeeJ@ odyu f kd trsm;}u;D rar#mv f ifh yJe@J wvSr;f csif;p˜&r,fu@GJ ? 'Dupd u P ‘etz’udpP xuf ‘etz’udk rsuEf mS vkyaf ewJh udpaP ygu h , G ?f t"d y`m,fu ociftm;&atmif jrwfcikd ef @J taygif;tyg awG u|efyg;0ae=uwJh udpyP gæ” “'gqdk bb&,f/ jrwfcdkifeJ@taygif;tygawGudk &Srf;acgif;aqmif cGefxGef;OD;eJ@ &Srf;tzJG@uvlawGudk etzu rw&m;axmif'%f ESpf 100 pD csovdrk sKd; axmifcsypf&if raumif;bl;vm;? 'grS olw@kd vJ yJpG m; vkyw f ahJ jcawG +ird o f mG ;r,fæ” (+y;D )

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

21

‘aoG;opf’pmoifausmif;twGuf axmufyrhH p+ m&if;

xdkif;-jrefrme,fpyf&Sd aoG;opfpmoifausmif;twGuf ysKd;yifpdkufysKd;vdkolrsm;odk‹ xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyf/ aemufbmG ;±GmwGi&f o dS nfh ‘aoG;opf’pmoifausmif;av;onf rnfonft h ultnDaxmufyrhH u _ rkd rS &&db S J a0;vHaoma'owGiw f nf&aSd e+y;D ,cktcg jrefrmEdik if rH x S u G af jy;vmolrsm; ydrk rkd sm;jym;vmojzifh uav;i,frsm;rSm ydI k ydI k wd;k vmaoma=umifh tcuftcJrsm;/ 'kurQ sm;ajz&Si;f &eftwGuf oift h ultnDuv kd nf; vdt k yfaeygonf?

oifah iG 2000 ,ef;onf cav;i,fwOD;. wvpmausmif;pm;&dwjf zpfygojzifh ynm'geukov kd ðf yvdyk guudak usmv f i_d af t;šrcifE, G 0f if;- 080 3382 7724/ udak usmaf usmEf ikd -f 090 4924 2906/ udpk ;kd 0if;&Sed -f 090 4128 4725/ r0if;0if;at;- 090 4028 3476/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal zvfr;D tdraf qmif;yg;

zvfr;D tdruf kd xGe;f n‡jd cif; (armifpGrf;&nf) azazmf0g&Dv 2 &uf

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b*sr;f (wifr;kd )eJ@ udo k ed ;f Edik (f *k%x f ;l ode;f Edik )f wd@k u wuUov kd 0f ifwef;rSm jrefrmpm*k%x f ;l eJ@ atmifoal wG jzpfygw,f? udo k ed ;f Edik u f 1956 rSm q,fwef;atmifayrJh rlvwef;q&m wESpv f yk af evd@k 1957 usrS rEW av;wuUov kd u f kd udb k *srf;eJ@twla&mufw,f? *k%x f ;l csif;wGrJ o d mG ;=uw,f? usaemfu olw@kd t&if wESpaf pm+y;D wuUov kd u f akd &mufw,f? ,lxm;wJb h mom u ‘blrad A'/ "gwkaA'/ yx0D’yg? bmomrwlayrJh 0goemwlv@kd wJrG o d mG ;yg w,f? armifr;kd olw@kd vkd +rKd @om;ppfppf/ c&pf,mefomoemjyKausmif;om;awGe@J us awmh "avhp±du k o f yd rf wl=uvd@k awmom;ok;H a,mufavmuf rwGrJ yd gbl;? us aemfwdk@okH;OD;[m qkHrduwnf;u ukwifwvkH;rSm ok;H a,muftyd cf =hJ uygw,f? ‘rEWav;wuUov kd u f avmif&iS t f oif;’udk 1953 ckEpS rf mS ‘udx k eG ;f tH/h udk aygupf nf/ aZmfaZmfatmif’pwJh uavmif&iS af wGu pwif wnfaxmifc=hJ uayrJh onft h &ifu&SEd iS w hf hJ jrefrmtoif;udk rausmfEikd yf gbl;? ‘wuUov kd 0f if;(ud0k if; armif)-OuUÏ’/ ‘udb k *srf;- 'k OuUÏ’/ ‘armifodef;Edkif-twGif;a&;rSL;’ vkyfwJh 1957-58 ckEpS u f srS t&Sed jf rifv h mygw,f? aemufEpS rf mS udb k *sr;f OuUÏvkyyf gw,f? aemufEpS af wGrmS ‘0if;ºu,f‘/ ‘armif pGr;f &nf’/ ‘=unfatmif’pwJh uavmif±iS af wGu ‘OuUÏ’/ ‘twGi;f a&;rSL;’pwJh wm0efawGukd qufvuf,yl gw,f? wuUov kd Ef pS yf wfvnfr*~Zif;awGuv kd J 'Dvl awGyJ wm0ef,yl gw,f? udb k *sr;f u 1959-60 ckEpS f r*~Zif;twGuf wm0ef,l oGm;cJyh gw,f? udb k *sr;f / udo k ed ;f Edik w f @dk pwifvyk w f EhJ pS rf mS ‘pmqdak wmfae@’ tcrf;tem;awG [m ‘pmqdu k efawmhy’GJ awG ‘t+ird yhf ’JG awGe@J yd+k y;D +rKd iq f ikd v f mygw,f?1959 ckEpS f rSmawmh udb k *srf;u ‘uavmif&iS t f oif;pmpOf’vkyrf ,fv@kd t=uaH y;w,f? udo k mEd;k udk tm;ud;k +y;D ‘jrefrmpmayr*~Zif;’qdw k mrsK;d udk t*Fvyd v f v kd J xkwcf sif w,fv@kd tqdw k ifygao;w,f? ±k&mS ;pmayr*~Zif;eJ@ w±kwrf *~Zif;wk@d udk tm;us vd@k yg? tdrrf ufawGtrsm;}u;D ruf=uygw,f? usaemfw@kd rSm bmpmrlrS toifrh &Sad o;bl;? udb k *sr;f wa,mufyJ pmawGt rsm;}u;D a&;xm;wm±Sw d ,f? 'ga=umifh udb k *sr;f &J@uAsmpmtkyu f kd p˜xkwrf ,fv@kd pDpOf=uygw,f? pmtkyt f rnfukd ‘zvfr;D tdr’f vk@d udb k *sr;f ud, k w f idk af ±G;ygw,f? tJ't D csed rf mS usaemfu ‘armif0if;az(jrif;jc)H ’qdw k ehJ mrnfe@J yJ a&;ygw,f? udb k *srf;u 1950 avmufup+y;D ‘ud&k if*srf;’/ ‘uefjreJ ef;jrifEh , G ’f pwJh uavmif trnfawGe@J a&;aeygw,f? ol@emrnfu bke;f }u;D uavmif&iS t f rnfvv kd /kd trsK;d orD;uavmif&iS ef mrnfvv dk jdk zpfaew,fv@kd ab;vlawGuajymvm=uwmudk ol pdwn f pfygw,f? 'ga=umifh trnfopfe@J a&;zd@k vJ awG;awm=uq H aeygw,f? olu a=umufwwfw,f? awmom;qdak wmh vlvcl sif;vJ cyf±@dk ±d@k yJ quf qHygw,f? 'gayrJh trsm;od=uwJt h wdik ;f ygyJ/ pmayt,ltqrSmawmh jywf om;ygw,f? pmayeJ@jynfou l kd tusKd;jyKcsifw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfw@kd vdk ud, k u f sKd;riJw h hJ Edik if aH &;opPm&Si/f owWcd aJ wGvykd *k Kd~ vfrsdK;awG@&ifawmh b0ygyk+H y;D &J&ifjh ywfom; tm;ay;axmufczH @kd 0efrav;ygbl;?

wifr;kd (1933-2007) tJ'b D ufrmS tvGeo f wW&d ydS gw,f? tJovdo k wWrd sK;d &Scd siv f @dk wJ?h ‘owW’d qdw k hJ uavmiftrnfukd a±G;ygw,f? 'gayrJh ygVdjzpfaevd@k Armvdk ‘pGr;f &nf‘vdk@yJ trnfay;csifowJ?h 'Dwek ;f rSmyJ q&m}u;D rif;ok0%f&@J “xdy0f ,f wifr;kd / ig±Scd ;kd onf/ rd;k od@k igh^m%fus,fapaomfæ”qdw k hJ uAsmudk oGm;awG@wmeJ@ ‘wifr;kd ’vd@k yJ a±G;vdu k w f ,f? ‘armifprG ;f &nf’udak wmh “armifoed ;f Edik , f u l mG æ”vd@k ay;w,f? armifoed ;f Edik u f vJ “igu ‘wuUov kd af rmifoed ;f Edik ’f qdw k t hJ rnfe@J tawmf a&;rdae+y?D rif;yJ,yl gæ” vd@k usaemhb f ufukd xd;k ay;ygw,f? 'ge@J ‘armifprG ;f &nf’ uavmiftrnf[m usaemft h rnfjzpfvmygawmhw,f? ‘wifr;kd ’eJ@ ‘armifprG ;f &nf’[m nDtudk jzpfomG ;ygw,f? 'DvdkeJ@ pmtkyftrnf‘zvfr;D tdr’f / a&;oluavmiftrnf‘wifr;kd ’jzpfvm w,f? ‘udb k *srf;‘eJ@‘udo k ed ;f Edik ’f wk@d acgif;csif;±du k +f y;D aiG±mS =uygw,f? pmtkyf uav;usw d +f y;D ±du k w f ,f? ±du k +f y;D rS usaemhu f jkd yw,f? olw@kd ESpaf ,mufv;Hk jrefrm pmygarmuQ‘OD;csrf;jr(jrauwk)’udk rawG@&Jb;l wJ?h ‘udb k *srf;’eJ@twl usaemf vku d af jymay;ygw?hJ ajym&r,fph um;awGuv kd J usaemfu h kd }uKd wifajymjyxm;w,f? azmiftpdr;f av;awGukd pmtkycf sKyf+y;D usaemfe@J udb k *srf; q&mhqo D mG ;w,f? “q&m- acwfprf;acwfu ‘q&maZmf*sD’/ ‘q&mrif;ok0%f’/ ‘q&mjrau wk’pwJh ausmif;om;uAsmq&mawGukd olw@kd ygarmuQ-OD;azarmifwif’u acwf

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal zvfr;D tdraf qmif;yg;

prf;uAsmpmtkyfuav;wtkyfpkpnf;+yD; trSmpma&;ay;cJhygw,f? q&muvJ usaemfw@kd pmtkyu f av;awGrmS a&;ay;yg? usaemfw@kd wtky+f y;D wtkyf xkwo f mG ; zd@k pDpOfxm;ygw,fæ” vdk@? tJ'aD wmh q&m}u;D u “ygarmuQqw dk m tJovdk a&;zd@k roifah vsmb f ;l æ”wJ?h “rif;u ud, k phf mud, k rf vkyb f J 'gawGbmvk@d vkyaf e&ovJ? aemuf+y;D uAsmpyf enf;vJrpkb H ;l ? rif;wd@k u wusycf eJG @J a&mif;r,fajymawmh b,forl 0S ,frmS r[kwf bl;? ig;rl;eJ@a&mif;uG,æ hf ”pojzifh pmtkyu f kd vufreJ@EdyS +f y;D zvyfzvyfvyk &f if; qk;H rpum;ajymvdu k yf gw,f? 'Dvekd @J wyfacgufjyefc&hJ ygw,f? udb k *sr;f u “OD;0ufa& ighukd vlxu k kd yd@k uGmæ” vdk@ cdkif;w,f? usaemfw h /l wlrawGu usaemhif ,femrnftwdik ;f ac:=uovdk udb k *srf;u usaemfu h akd c:wmyg(vGwv f yfwt hJ m±StoHrmS ‘ud0k ufe@J ndKnuf’qdw k mvJ us aemfih ,femrnfukd tpGjJ yKa&;cJw h myg)? udb k *sr;f u pufb;D reif;wwfv@kd usaemf ueif;+y;D vdu k yf @kd &ygw,f? vlxw k u kd u f akd &mufawmh a=umfjimXmeudo k mG ;+y;D ol@ pmtkyaf =umfjimxnfyh gw,f? aps;E_e;f wtkyf‘ESpu f syf’vd@k xnfv h u kd yf gw,f? “[-q&mcsrf;u wtkyu f kd ig;rl;eJ@a&mif;vd@k ajymvdu k w f mr[kwv f m;æ” vd@k usaemfuajymawmh- “pyfenf;pkaH tmifvyk +f y;D uAsmawGxnfOh ;D rSm/ bmawG xnfh&ifaumif; rvJæ”wJ?h usaemfe@J ol ESpaf ,mufxJ twlaewJt h rd u f av; ‘wrm&dyo f m’udk jyefc+hJ y;D uAsmopfawG pyfawmhwmyJ? wrm&dyo f m&J@atmufxyfrmS uAsmq&m‘armifpef;aomf’tygt0if jrif;jcH bufu aq;ausmif;om;i,fawG ae=uygw,f? ole@J usaemfu tay:xyf=urf; jyifrmS 0g;zsmcif;+y;D ESpOf ;D wnf;ae=uygw,f? ‘EG,o f muDojH zwf’uAsmtoGm;eJ@ pyfwhJ ‘a&eDajrmif;uAsm’[m usaemfajymvd@k pyfwmyg? “ZmwdrmefuAsmawGvJ ygygapæ”vd@k usaemfajymvd@k “azazhvufaqmif/ "g;a&mife@J azG;/ iSu}f u;D awmifqakd vvm; aqmif"m;uJ@G av;æ” tpcs+D y;D Zmwd rmefuAsm±Sn}f u;D wyk'pf yfz@kd }uKd ;pm;aeygw,f? tcsed u f oef;acgiaf usmaf eyg+y?D oltdrfomoGm;wufzdk@qif;toGm; usaemfu wa&;Edk;vmvdk@ x˜zwf=unfhrd ygw,f? “azazh&@J vufaqmif "g;a&mifuazG;”udk “azazh&@J vufaqmif/ aygifjcu H a*G;”vdk@jyifa&;xm;vdkufygw,f? oljyefwufvmawmh tvGefpdwfqdk;ygw,f? qufpyfr,fv@kd =uw H ikd ;f usaemfjznfx h m;wJph um;vk;H awGu 0if±y_ af evd@k a&Sr› wd;k Edik af wmhb;l wJ?h 'ge@J tJ'u D Asmysuo f mG ;cJyh gw,f? 'gu usaemf ol@udak ESmif, h u S yf Hk erlemwckom jyvku d w f myg? wjcm;vJ trsm;}u;D ±Syd gao;w,f? tJ'v D kd ‘zvfr;D tdr’f pmtkyjf yifqifae&if;u pmtkyt f rSmpmudk ‘q&maZmf*s’D / ‘q&mrif;ok0%f’/ ‘q&m'*kew f m&m’wd@k qDuo dk mG ;awmif;zd@k t=u&H w,f? us aemhu f ykd v J w $ zf @kd t=u&H ygw,f? 'ga=umifh aiG&mS ae&if; uAsmawG xyfpyfygw,f? wae@awmh rEWav; ,dk;',m;aps;em;u ol@trtdrfrSmaewJh ‘=unfatmif’ vmvnfygw,f? waeukef pum;awGajym=uawmh =unfatmifu jyefcgeD;rSm “uJ- aq;vdyv f w J +kd y/D aevJnKd +y?D igjyefawmhr,fæ” vd@k E_wq f ufygw,f? udkb*srf;u uysmu&mwm;ygw,f? pm±Gufay:rSm wpkHw&mcsa&;vdkuf+yD; “em;axmifæ” vd@k ajymygw,f? acgif;pOfu “{nfonf}u;D ” wJh? “aq;vdyv f w J /kd aevJ!+dk y/D ig@udk jyefy@kd =uygav”wJh? =unfatmif&@J pum;[m uAsm}u;D wyk'jf zpfomG ;cJyh gw,f? usaemfu “udb k *sr;f a&/ tJ'u D Asmudk zvfr;D tdrx f x J nf±h u kd rf mS aemfæ” vd@k ajymawmh “[muGm/ awmufwD;awmufwJh? rvkyfygeJ@æ” wJh? “r&bl;/ xnf&h r,f? 'g cifAsm;a&;or#xrJ mS usKyt f }uKd uq f ;Hk yJ/ tJ'u D Asmryg &if &ef u k e f u k d r oG m ;bl ; æ”vd k @ ajymvd k u f a wmh - “uJ uJ xnf h y gAsm/ xnfyh gAsmæ”qd+k y;D ay;ygw,f? uAsmawG jznf±h u kd +f y;D awmh &efuek u f kd usaemfqif;oGm;ygw,f? q&m'*kew f m &meJ@/ q&mewfE, G w f @kd u 'Dta=umif;ud(k usaemfe@J pawG@yku H )kd ESpcf gxufrenf;

a&;zl;ygw,f? q&maZmf*seD @J q&mrif;ok0%fw@kd u trSmpma&;ray;vdu k yf gb;l ? “igwd@k u pmayAdrmefuAsm qka±G;cs,fa&;tzG@J rSm ygaevd@k ygæ” wJh? 'gayrJh trSmpmxufta&;}u;D wJh pmwdw k pfapmifukd a&;ay;vdu k yf gw,f? “Armjynf&@J pmayavmurSm uAsmpmqdak umif;wa,muf xGe;f aygufvm+yrD @kd 0rf;ajrmufa=umif;”vd@k t"dym` ,f&ygw,f? tJ'pD mud&k awmh usaemfw@dk 0rf;om =uw,f? usaemfw@dk q&m&if; ‘OD;armifarmifwif’uvJ tJ'pD mud, k o l mG ;+y;D jref rmpmygarmuQ‘OD;csr;f jr(jrauwk)’udk jyygw,f? q&m}u;D ‘jrauwk’u “q&m udo k ed ;f [ef(q&maZmf*sD)u 'Dvkd b,fo@l udrk rS a&;zl;bl;? tawmf tH=h op&m aumif;wmyJ” vd@k xkwaf z:ajymygw,f? pmayavmurSm wcgrrS =um;zl;ao;wJh udb k *srf;ac:‘wifr;kd ’[m 'Dvekd @J ‘pmayAdrmefq’k ac: ‘trsKd;om;pmayqk’udk ausmif;om;b0rSmyJ qGwcf ;l cJyh gw,f? emrnfausmf uAsmq&m 3-4 OD;avmufukd ausmf+y;D ay;cJw h myg? wcsKd@u q&maZmf*sw D @kd &J@ wynf&h if;awGyg? wOD;uqd&k if ‘avmursuu f ef;’qd+k y;D pmtkyf wtkyf a&;xkww f u kd cf u kd &f if; rauseyfa=umif; qENjyygw,f? rauseyfwu hJ Asmq&mudk q&maZmf*su D ol@tdru f zkd w d af c:+y;D xrif;au|;&if; aqG;aEG;ay;ygw,f? “a±S;wke;f uawmh jrefrmpmayqdw k m tnmuynm&Siaf wG u a&;cJh=uwm? 'ga=umifh jrefrmpmay[m tnmywf0ef;usifa&ajrawm awmifawGta=umif;eJ@ tnmucHpm;r_awGjzpfae=uw,f? aemufxyf acwft qufquf tnmom;awGu a±S;pmayawGukd zwf±a_ vhvm=uw,f? olw@kd u ryifryef; em;vnfEdkif=uw,f? usKyfwdk@atmufom;awGu olwdk@a&;wJh x aemif;yifw@kd catmif;/ unifw@kd qdw k mawGukd olw@kd vdk rcHpm;Edik =f ubl;? rjrifz;l r=um;zl;wmawGukd cufqpfxw k af vhvm=u&w,f? uAsmqdw k m bmompum; tvkyyf /J rEWav;ausmif;om;awGu jrefrmbmompum;ukd aumif;aumif;Edik f eif;=uw,f? aemufxyfvJ rEWav;wuUov kd u f xGuv f m r,fu h Asmq&mawG vJ trsm;}u;D yJ/ 0rf;omp&myJæ”vd@k &Si;f jyvdu k af =umif; =um;&w,f? &Si;f jywm=um;em&wJh uAsmq&muvJ auseyfygw,f? wjcm; ol@rdwaf qG pma&;q&mawGuv kd J aemiftcg jyefvnfazguo f nfcsv@kd usaemfw@kd vJ jyef=um; ygw,f? q&maZmf*sDajymcJo h vdyk J ‘wifr;kd ’+y;D awmh aemufxyf 4 - 5 a,muf avmuf qufvuf+y;D rEWav;wuUov kd u f yJ pmayqkawG&=uygw,f? uAsm qkawGtjyif uav;uAsmqk &ol&/ okawoeqk&olvJ &=uygw,f? udb k *sr;f (wifr;kd )qk&awmh vlxw k u kd af cgirf ;kd jyef@ay:rSm *k%jf yKyv GJ yk yf gw,f? q&m}u;D ‘a±$Oa'gi;f ’eJ@ ‘OD;!djk r’vJ wufa&mufygw,f? rk±H mG om;ynm&S‘d OD;wif xGw’f u vef'efrmS ajymavh±w dS phJ um;qd+k y;D ‘q&maZmf*s’D &Si;f jywJph um;twdik ;f yJ ‘OD;ndKjr’uvJ ajymoGm;ygw,f?(OD;wifxw G pf um;udk ordik ;f ygarmuQ‘a'guw f m oef;xGe;f ’uvJ ol@aqmif;yg;wyk'rf mS azmufonfcszl;ygw,f)

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal zvfr;D tdraf qmif;yg;

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