Mtk Vol3 No12

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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+y;D cJo h nhZf v l ikd v f twGi;f u jynfo@l b¾mrsm; AH;k aygvatmoH;k um t}u;D tus,fr*Fvmaqmifc+hJ y;D wud, k v f ;kH pdepf u D m Adv k rf LS ;òz;aZmf0if;ESiv hf ufxyf cJ&h aom Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D oef;a±$orD;jzpf ol oEWma±$onf 'DZifbmv 4 &ufae@ u r*Fvm'Hk trSwf 2 ppfaq;±HYk orD; rde;f uav;zGm;jrifco hJ nf? aejynfawmf=uyfajy;a'owGif t ar&duefa':vmoef;aygif;rsm;pGm t uket f uscu H si;f ycJo h nhf r*Fvmaqmif yJt G +y;D 5 vcef@t=umwGif ,ckvkd orD; OD;udak rG;zGm;cJah oma=umihf etzppfwyf a'0l;ukr`%DjrefrmjynfrSxGufoGm;&ef*syefEdkifiH&Sdwkdif;&if;om;tiftm;pkrsm; todik ;f t0dik ;f twGi;f twif;tzsi;f ajym p&m owif;wckjzpfaeonf? a'0l;±H;k a&SY› awmif;qdq k ENjyh ae=upOf("gwfy-kH ausmfausmfEikd fMTK) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

Edik if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D XmerS 0efxrf;w OD;jzpfol oEWma±$onf e0wvufxuf wyfwiG ;f AH;k cJv G yk =f urH a_ =umifh aoqH;k cJh ol Adv k cf sKyw f ifO;D .om; udak Zmfqo kd El iS hf vlra_ &;azmufjyefrr_ sm;a=umifh zcifjzpf ol etzAdv k cf sKyfrLS ;}u;D onf a'gow }uD;jzpfum udkaZmfqdkoludk um;jzifh wdu k o f wf&ef pDpOf!eG =f um;cJo h nf? rnfo@kd yifjzpfap Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D oef; a±$taejzifo h EWma±$raS rG;aom tqdyk g ajr;rav;udk ZeD;a': óuifóuifEiS t hf wl oGm;a&muf=unh±f I _ *k%jf yKcsD;ajrm‡ uf rnf[v k nf; od&onf? (jynfwiG ;f owif;ESihf rZÆdrtifwm eufowif;wd@k rS ud;k um;ygonf)

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

;aqmif ;yg;;yg; tifowif wmeuf aqmif

awmiftar&duEdkifiHi,fuav; rsm;odk@ oGm;a&mufvnfywfaeaom ajrmuftar&duefrav;wOD;u [Ge'f &yfòr@pGeYf trdu _ yf }kH u;D wckrS trdu _ o f ±du k rf sm;udk ar$aESmuf&mS azGpm;aomuf ae=uaom uav;i,frsm;udjk rif&o jzifh pdwrf csrf;omaoma=umifh "gwfykH rsm;±dkufvm+yD; rJ,mrDoHawmfqifho wif;pmod@k yd@k vdu k o f nf? qmavmifrw G o f yd af eonhu f av; rsm; tr_u d yf u kH q dk +G y;D yvyfpwpftw d f pkwrf sm;udzk iG u hf m tmvl;ausmt f yJrh sm;/ ajryJavSmt f userf sm;udk pm;aomufae =uonf? uHaumif;olrsm; tom;n‡yf aygifrek @f tyJrh sm;rS tom;rsm;/ 0uftl acsmif;wydik ;f wprsm; pm;=u&&Smonf [k jrifco hJ nf±h c_ if;udw k ifjyonf? vlOD;a& 7 oef;cJG&Sd+yD; pmzwfwwf ol 76 &mcdik Ef e_ ;f om&Sad om xdEk ikd if w H iG f rdzrsm;uraºu;Edik o f jzifh tr_u d yf rkH sm; wG i f p G e f @ ypf x m;aom uav;i,f 2000 cef@&So d nf[k ukvor*~tpD&ifcH pmuqko d nf? ,if;owif;"gwfyrkH sm;udo k jd rif&o jzifh rJ,mrD/ tar&duefòr@awmfom; pm zwfy&dowfrsm;v_y&f mS ;oGm;onf? Edik if H a&;+ird o f ufrr_ &Sad om Edik if iH ,frsm;. b0twGuf &ifxrk &d mS =uonf? [Ge'f &yfwiG f opfawmrsm;&So d nf? o,HZmwvnf;&So d nf? od@k aomfvnf; Edik if . H pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeudk qef;ppf aomtcg wESpfwmtzdk@ EdkifiHjcm;odk@ a&mif;ukew f efz;kd rSm tar&duefa':vm 175 ukaËom&S+d y;D Edik if jH cm;rS 0,f,pl m; oH;k &onhyf pPn;f wefz;kd rSm a':vm 146 ukaË&So d jzifh uav;wd@k tm; 0vifpmG au|;arG;r_rjyKEikd [ f k od=u&onf? “at;av- wdk@EdkifiHrSmcsrf;om w,fqakd yrihf ppfpm;&dwaf xmif;aevd@k 'DvdkyJ iwfaewJhuav;awG&dSaew,f? t=urf;zuform;rsm;/ vlowf0g'vrf; pOfrsm;&Sad eoa±G@ iwf=urSmygyaJ væ” [k t,f'w D mxHpma&;=uonf? jrefrmjynfwGifvnf; iwfrGwfae onhu f av;OD;a&wd;k aeonf? rEWav; òr@awmf. vrf;rrsm;ay: Yyif trdu _ f aumufI &SmazGpm;aomuf&onhf jref rmuav;rsm;udkjrif&onf[k tar&d uefowif; pmwapmifua&;onf? uav;rsm;tm;tiwf x m;onf xuf ppfwyfwGifoGif;I vlowfenf;

owif;wd‹k .apwodw(f 3) (a-u;rHOk ;D aomif;)

oifay;aeonfu ydI k qd;k .? ukvor *~pm&if;t& tm&SwiG f uav;ppfom; ig;aomif;cef@&Sdonf? jrefrmetzwyf rsm;wGif uav;ppfom;rsm;udk oH;k pJaG e =uonf? ArmhwyfrawmfzJG@pnf;puyif zGJ@ pnf;yHZk ,m;Y ‘&J!eG w f yf’tjzpf txif t&Sm;zJ@G cJo h nf? vlrsK;d pkoyl ek rf sm;vnf; uav;ppfom;rsm;zJ@G pnf;cJ=h uonf? u &iftrsKd;om;wyfrsm;wGif touf 12 ESpfom&Sdao;aom ‘a*smfeDESifh vlom xl;’wd@k nDaemifO;D pD;onhf ‘bk&m;ocif wyf’onf ausm=f um;cJo h nf? xdak emuf ydik ;f wGif vlrsKd;pkwyfrsm;u uav;ppf om;oH;k pJrG u _ kd a&Smifaomfvnf;/ etz wyfrsm;u uav;ppfom;rsm;udk quf vuftoH;k jyKqJ&o dS nf[o k &d onf? yxrqH;k aomuav;ppfwyfz@GJ pnf; r_ukd Ed0k ifbm 10 &ufae@u ‘[d*’~ òr@ wGif pwifppfaq;onf? uGe*f jkd ynfrS &mxl;jyKwfaeaom ppfAv kd cf sKyfa[mif; }u;D Thomas Lubangatm; urBmh ordik ;f . yxrqH;k aom uav;ppfom; wyfz@GJ ol wpfw&m;cHtjzpf ppfaq; onf? w&m;ol}u;D oH;k OD;yg0ifaomcH±k ;kH jzpfppf aq;&m w&m;cHtjzpf pGypf cGJ &H oltm; 0wfvikH mS ;um ckcu H muG,cf iG jhf yKojzifh w&m;vdk/ w&m;cHa&S›aersm;jzifh pnf

um;vSonf[k owif;axmufwdk@ u a&;=u.? Ad k v f c sKyf a [mif ; }uD ; Thomas Lubangaonf 1998 ck/ 2000 cku jzpfymG ;aom uGe*f pkd pfwiG f ywf0ef;usif Edik if H 6 Edik if rH S touf 7 ESpo f m;up i,f±, G af omuav;rsm;udk ppfwyfz@GJ um wdkufcdkufcJhonhftr_rsm;twGuf ukvor*~u ta&;,lppfaq;jcif;jzpf onf? ppfwdkuf&efapv$wfonfudk jiif; qefv#if owfjzwfrnf[k acsmufveS @f cJh onf? uav;rsm;udk xrif;csuf/ [if; csufwm0efrpS +y;D ppfom;}u;D rsm; vdif azsmfajza&;txdo;kH pJcG o hJ nf[k pJcG suf wGif wifjyxm;onf? Ad k v f c sKyf a [mif ; }uD ; Thomas Lubanga.a&Sa › ersm;u ‚onf uGef *kad 'o+ird ;f csr;f om,ma&;udt k m;xkwf aom +idrf;csrf;a&;0g'D}uD;jzpfa=umif; umuG,cf ck cH =hJ uonf? w&m;vdzk ufrS vnf; tqdkygtr_twGuf oufao rsufjriftrsm;tjym;&Sdonf[k xkwf azmfonf? ppfajrjyifwiG f uav;rsm;udt k oH;k jyKjcif;jzifh t±G,af &muf+y;D ppfom;}u;D rsm;xuf oufvakH umif;I tarmcHEikd f onf? csDwuf&mwGiv f sifjrefonf? uav;wd k @ onf ao;auG ; aom

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

a=umifh v#Kd@0Sucf sDwuf&aom aysmuf usm;ppfwGif xda&mufaomwyfrsm; jzpf=uonf? tcsK@d u ppfwyfrsm;.a&Sr› S &yfwnfumuG,af &;twGuv f nf; oH;k =uonf? vufeuf&duQmo,f,lydk@ aqmifa&;rSpwifum ppfom;}uD;rsm; vdifudpPazsmfajz&eftxd ,kwfnpfpGm oH;k ae=uonfvnf;&So d nf? uav;wd@k udk acsmpJzG rf;qD;um cdik ;f apjcif;jzifh ppfpm;&dwo f ufomonf[k tr_vu kd t f &m&Srd sm;u ,ae@urBmwGif jzpfay:aeonfh qd;k ,kwo f nhpf epf}u;D udk pHpk rf;od&cdS =hJ uonf? “uav;awGudk vlowfppfynm oifay;avawmh wdu k yf rGJ mS usqH;k &wJh uav;wyfom;wdk@ae&mrSm tpm;xdk; vd@k &Edik yf gw,fæ” [k ajyjyonf? zufqpfEikd if rH sm;rS ppfwyft}u;D t uJw@kd u ppfom;tjzpf t±G,rf a&muf ao;aomuav;rsm;udk toHk;jyKjcif; jzifh olw@kd .&eforl sm;udk vG,u f pl mG t Edik &f aponfukd awG@jrif=u&ojzifh wOD; ESiw hf OD;/ wwyfEiS w hf wyf/ wjynfEiS w hf jynf òyifqikd t f oH;k jyKaecJ=h u onf? uav;ppfwyfo;kH pJjG cif;onf urBm }u;D .vl@tcGit hf a&;ESiq hf ef@usifojzifh urBmah jrjyifryS aysmuf&ef tm;xkw=f u &rnfjzpfonf? od@k ygv#uf uav;ppf wyftoHk;jyKaom &mZ0wfr_w&m;cH }u;D rsm;onf rdrw d @kd Edik if . H ppfwyfacgi;f aqmifrsm;jzpfonf/ tm%m&Si}f u;D rsm; jzpf=uonf[k &mxl;udk tumtuG,f jyKae=uonfukd ukvor*~ppfw&m;±H;k u ta&;,lco hJ nf? ,cktr_onf yxrqH;k tr_jzpfaomf vnf; urBmt&yf&yfwGif uav;ppf om;aygif; oH;k ode;f cef@&So d nf? rodem; rvnfycJ aH e&aomuav;rsm;udk um uG,&f ef ta&;}u;D ygonf[k ukvo r*~t&m&Srd sm;u xkwaf zmfajymae=u+yD jzpfav+yæ D ?

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

7

tifwmeufowif;rsm;

EdkifiHjcm;oljynhfwefqmrsm;udk rav;&Sm;tpkd;&u jyif;xefpGmta&;,lrnf jrefrmEdik if t H ygt0if jynfyutrsK;d orD;awG rav;&Sm;EdkifiHxJ0ifvm+yD; jynfw h efqmvkyif ef;awGrmS 0ifa&muf vkyu f ikd af ewma=umifh Oya't& jyif; xefpGmta&;,lzdk@ rav;&Sm;tpdk;&u pOf;pm;aeygw,f? EdkifiH&yfjcm;utrsKd;orD;awG[m urBmvSncfh &D;onfawGtjzpfe@J rav; &Sm;EdkifiHxJ0ifvm+yD; jynfhwefqmvkyf =uwmjzpfw,fvdk@ jynfwGif;vHkjcHKa&; 'kw, d 0ef}u;D u ajymygw,f? 'Djy\emajz&Si;f zd@k tzJ@G tpnf;t oD;oD;eJ@ tpd;k &0ef}u;D XmeawG yl;aygi;f aqmif±u G zf @kd vdyk gw,fv@kd vnf; ‚u ygvDrefrmS ajymygw,f? Oya't& jyif;xefpmG ta&;,lr,f vd@k ajymayr,hf b,fvjkd yif;xefwhJ jypf

'%fay;r,fqw kd mudak wmh &Si;f &Si;f vif; vif;rajymao;ygbl;? 2004 ckEpS u f ae 2006 ckEpS /f Zlvikd f vtxd jynfw h efqmr_e@J Edik if jH cm;trsK;d orD; 15˜000 zrf;qD;cJyh gw,f? 'DxrJ mS w±kwEf ikd if u H 6˜000/ tif'kd eD;&Sm;u 4˜600 eD;yg;/ xdik ;f u 2˜600 ausm/f zdvpfyikd u f 1˜300 ausmyf g0ifyg w,f? jrefrm/ AD,uferf/ uarBm'D,m;/ OZufupPwef/ ±k&mS ;/ vmtd/k tdE, Nd u trsK;d orD;awG[mvnf; rav;&Sm;Edik if H xJ0ifvm+y;D jynfw h efqmvkyif ef;rSm 0if vkyfudkif=uaeygw,f[kvnf; rav; &Sm;tpd;k &u ajym=um;cJyh gw,f? rlpvifbmomv$r;f rd;k wJh rav;&Sm; Edik if rH mS jynfw h efqmvkyif ef;[m w&m; r0ifygb;l ?(RFA)

rav;&Sm;e,fpyf&dS qGe*f ikd ;f cdv k yk cf òf r@rS bm;wckwiG f {nho f nfar#mfae=uaom Edik if jH cm;oljynhw f efqmr,frsm;

ÐjrefrmaiGukd jrefrmaiGjzifh ta&mif;t0,f

ÐetznDvmcHurkd ,H-k unfa-umif; vkyaf ejcif; rGejf ynfopfygwDu vlxuk &kd iS ;f jy

trsKd;om;nDvmcHwGifa&;qJGaeqJ zJ@G pnf;yHOk ya't& ,ckwnf&adS eaom vufeufudkiftzJG@rsm;tay:wGif csKyf udik v f mEdik o f nht f aetxm;rsK;d udk awG@ &Sad e&+y;D / wyfzsuo f rd ;f a&;udprP sm; jzpf ay:vmEdkifonhfta=umif;rsm;a=umifh etzjyKvyk af eaom trsK;d om;nDvmcH onf ,H=k unfpw d cf sEdik o f nht f ae t xm;r&SdonhftwGuf rdrdwdk@rwuf a&mufjcif;jzpfa=umif;/ typftcwf&yfpJ xm;onhf rGejf ynfopfygwD taxGaxG twGif;a&;rSL;Edkif[Homu e,fajrcH jynfov l x l u k kd &Si;f vif;ajym=um;onf? “Edik if aH &;yHpk t H & wpHw k &mem;vnf r_awG wckrw S ;kd wufvmjcif;r&Sad o;bJ eJ@ vufeufzsufodrf;a&;vkyfzdk@awmh vufawG@rSmrvG,b f ;l xifw,fæ”[k ajymonf?

etzxkwfa0aewJh aiGpuULopfawGudk &ef ukeòf r@/ A[kb d %f aiGp uULa[mif; vJv, S af &; Xmea&Sr› mS arSmifcakd &mif; 0,fae=uygw,f? aiGpuULopfawGudk arSmifcdka&mif; 0,fwJhae&mrSm wpfodef;wefzdk;&SdwJh wpfaxmifweftopfwpftkyfudk ESpf axmiftydkay;+yD; 0,fae&ovdk 5 aomif;zdk;&SdwJh ig;&mweftopfwtkyf udk tydka=u;wpfaxmifausmf/ ESpf aomif;zd;k &Sw d hJ ESp&f mweftopfwpftyk f udk oH;k axmifpojzifh tydak y;+y;D ajAmif usus ta&mif;t0,fvyk af ew,fv@kd

jrefrmetztaeeJ@ ,ckypkH t H wdik ;f qufvufvkyfudkifaernfqdkygu rdrd wd@k tzJ@G tpnf;omru wjcm;wdik ;f &if; om;tzJ@G tpnf;rsm;uvnf; vufcEH ikd f rnfh taetxm;&Srd nfr[kwaf =umif; [kvnf; ‚uqdo k nf? vlxEk iS ahf wG@qH&k iS ;f vif;yJrG sm;udk a&; òr@e,f/ a&jzLòr@e,ftygt0if ‚wd@k xde;f csKyf&m e,fajrtwGi;f oH;k ywfcef@ vSnv fh nfjyKvyk cf +hJ y;D ,ckv 5 &ufae@ wGif bk&m;oHk;qlY aemufqHk;&Sif;vif; yJu G kd jyKvkycf o hJ nf[k od&onf? rGejf ynfopfygwDonf 1995 ckEpS f wGif etzESit hf ypftcwf&yfpv J u dk +f y;D trsK;d om;nDvmcHo@kd ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpfrwufa&mufbJ avhvmoltjzpf wufa&mufc&hJ m ,ckt}urd Ef iS q hf v kd #if ESp}f urd &f +dS yjD zpfonf?({&m0wDr)S rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

0,fae&wJo h w l OD;u ajymygw,f? aiGpuULa[mif;vJv, S af &;XmexJrmS ‘taºurvJyg’qdw k hJ qdik ;f yk'}f u;D csw d q f GJ xm;ayr,hf aiGpuUL ta[mif;eJ@topf vJv, S af y;aewJq h ikd af ygi;f 10 qdik f 15 qdik af vmuf wef;pD+y;D &Sad eygw,f? uxdef&moDawGrSmqdk&if aps;}uD; ay;&wJhta=umif;/ 200 wefaiGpuUL rsm;[m &Sm;vnf;&Sm;/ aps;trsm;qH;k ay; &a=umif;vnf; od&ygw,f?(RFA)

2007 ckEpS f a'gif;td;k a0jyuQ'ed x f u G _f yD *syefEdkifiHa&muf 'Drdkua&pDtif tm;pkrsm;pkaygi;f I 2007 ckEpS /f a'gif; td;k a0jyuQ'ed u f kd ,ckvwGif ‘tcrJ’h pwifjzef@csdae+yjD zpfonf? tqdyk gjyuQ'ed u f kd jrefrmpwd;k qkid f rsm;ESihf rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unfw h u kd f wGif rnforl qdk ,laqmifEikd +f y;D yef;csD q&maX;opf . a':atmif q ef ; pk =unfyjkH zifh jzef@csx d w k af 0jcif;jzpfonf?

8

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

twˆ y`wadW aqmif tif wKmeuf qmif;yg; ;yg;

“tarvlxak ':trmarG;ae‹od‹k ³³³” vlxkOD;vSeJ@ vlxka':trmudk us aemfw@kd wawGu OD;av;/a':a':vd@k yJac: ygw,f? wlom;t&if;vdk &if;ES;D aeayrJh olwdk@ESpfOD; wdkif;jynftwGuf bmawG vkycf w hJ ,fqw kd mawGuakd wmh olw@kd u wpGe;f wprS xkwaf zmfrajymcJyh gbl;? usaemfw@kd uvJ ar;&aumif;rSe;f r odygb;l ? 'ga=umifh usaemfw@kd rodwo hJ l wd@k ta=umif;awG trsm;}u;D &Syd gw,f? usaemfw@kd vl}u;D jzpfvmawmh olw@kd ta=umif;awG/ olwdk@*k%faus;Zl;awG udk awG;rd/ a&;rdwmawG tawmfrsm; vmw,f? olw@kd twdwu f kd &dyrf ±d &kH adS yrJh wl;azmfvdk@r&wm awmfawmfrsm;ygu vm;vdk@ wl;azmf&if; tH=o&ygw,f? OD;av;uG,fvGefawmh ‘vlxkcspf or#vlxOk ;D vS’qdw k hJ pmtkyx f w k zf @kd pm rlawGawmif;vdu k w f t hJ cg awmify&kH myHk a&mufvmw,f? qufy;D ‘vlxOk ;D vS ESpf 90’pmtkyfxkwfr,fqdkawmhvJ t rsm;}u;D ay;vm=uygw,f? 'gawmif r ay;omvd@k ray;&wm&So d vdk ay;+y;D rS roH;k omvd@k roH;k &wmawG trsm;}u;D &Sd ygao;w,f? yHrk ESyd jf zpfwmawGuv kd J usaemfw@kd zwf±a_ vhvmcGi&hf Edik af yrJh rzwfomvd@k rzwfc&hJ wmudv k J ckraS emifw&aerdyg w,f? ar;cGi&hf v dS suf rar;vdu k &f wm awGuv dk J aemifw&vsufyg? yxrar;csifwu hJ pd u P ‘uav;u vm;’vd@k ajymcsifvJ ajymvd@k &ygw,f? OD;av;eJ@a':a': tdrfaxmifruscifu tjyeftvSeaf &;=uwJph mawGukd orD;vdk &if;ESD;wJh pma&;q&mrav;wOD;qDrSm a':a':ay;xm;+y;D cktcg ‘±GuEf ak 0r*~ Zif;’rSm xnhaf eygw,f? rxJrh u D vJ us aemfwdk@ zwf±_avhvmcGifh&EdkifayrJh r zwfjzpfcyhJ gbl;? tJ't D xJrmS OD;av;eJ@ a':a':wdk@ wa,mufudkwa,muf b,fvrkd sm; tdraf xmifzuftjzpf a±G; cs,f=uygvdræ hf ´vd@k qdw k hJ tcsufawG

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q&m}u;D jrrsK;d vGiu f yJajymzl;w,f? olw@kd bmtvkyt f udik rf sm;vkyo f vJæ´ vd@k ar;wJt h cg ‘pma&;q&m’vd@k rajym bJ vltxif}uD;atmif t*Fvdyfvdk ‘t,f'pfwm’vdk@ajymowJh? ‘pma&;q&m’qdkwm tJ'Dacwfu ZwfobifawGtwGu/f pma&;ay;&wJh vlawGuakd c:wmud;k ? ckacwfrmS vdk 0wˆK/ uAsma&;=uwJhvlrsKd;udk pma&;q&m ac:avhoyd rf &S=d uao;bl;wJ?h tJ'aD cwfu tvGe&f mS ;yg;wJh aum vdyaf usmif;olwOD;jzpfol ‘rtrm’vdk rde;f uav;[m ol@ab;rSm tdik pf t D ufpf tavmif;tvsmawG trsm;}u;D &Srd mS yg? tJovdk ausmif;om;awGxrJ mS qefpuf ydkif/ qDpufydkifom;orD;qdkwJh yyv$m; v$m;/ ºum;ºum;0g0gawGvJ trsm;}u;D &Sd rSmyg? yd;k vHck snf/ ajymifvufaewJah y; wif±h ;_ / bDataygif;/ t,fvyf ufum; wdu k yf /kH a±$uikd ;f rsurf eS /f ywfum;azmif wdepf wJh taqmifta,mifawGtjynhf eJ@ 0wfqifxm;ayrJh olw@kd vnfyif;rSm awmh =uyfem=uyfzkvdk@ac:wJh ‘AsLbdk@ umvom;a&m*g’ tusdwt f zkawGukd zH;k zdumuG,zf @kd rmzvmawGpnf;xm; =u&wmvJ trsm;}u;D yg?

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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twˆKy`wadW qmif;yg;

xifq&kd if }u;D yGm;a&;rSm acwfprf;uAsm awGa&;cJhwmudk ol(armifxif)uG,f vGecf geD;rS pmtkyx f w k jf zpfcyhJ gw,f? aemufwcsufuawmh OD;av;[m zufqpfawmfvSefa&;rSm txufArm Edik if &H @J A[dt k csut f csmtjzpf vkyu f ikd f cJ±h rkH u/ &efuek òf r@awmf zufqpfvuf atmufu rvGwaf jrmufao;bJ tOD; qH;k ajray:zqyvtzJ@G csKyu f kd rEWav; rSm wnfaxmifvy_ &f mS ;cJw h mygyJ? &efuek u f zufqpfawmfveS af &;orm; awGvJqufoG,fvm=uw,f? ‘av xD;OD;ausm&f if’vdk tdE, Nd uvmwJh Edik if H a&;orm;awGvJ OD;av;qDrmS pkvm=u w,f? yckuLU u ‘udo k ef;wif’eJ@ ‘udjk r oef;(wif)h / a&póuud! k eG @f atmif’pwJh vuf0o J rm;awGvJ pka0;vm=uw,f? zqyv&J@ tcsut f csmjzpfvmcJw h ,f? txufArmEdik if H zufqpfawmfveS f a&;acgi;f aqmif Adv k rf LS ;Axl;eJ@vJ quf rdw,f? 'gawGukd b,forl rS od=uawmh vdk@wJh? OD;!Gef@atmif(a&póu)u OD; av; ESpf 90 pmtkyef @J rd@k *sme,frmS a&; w,f ? 'ga=umih f usaemf w d k @ [m OD;av;[m zufqpfawmfveS af &;acgif; aqmif Adv k af tmifqef;/ Adv k Af xl;/ ocif Ek/ ocifoef;xGe;f wd@k ,H=k unftm;xm; &m Edik if aH &;acgif;aqmifwOD;tjzpf &dyf pm;rdvmcJ&h ygw,f? tJovdk ikwaf ewJt h cef;awGukd us aemfw@kd aemufval wG tus,t f jyef@od apcsifw,f? odoifw h ,f/ avhvmazmf xkw=f u&r,f? tm;usenf;,l=u&r,f vdk@ usaemfcH,lem;vnfxm;ygw,f? usaemfhwoufrSm usaemfeJ@&if;EDS; wJhtxJu uG,fvGefukef=uolawGxJ rSm OD;av;‘OD;vS’udk ESarsmrqH;k ygy?J t jrw J rf; ESarsmwo owd&vsufyg? usef&pfwJha':a':udkawmh OD;av; ud, k pf m;tjzpfe@J a&m/ ‘b}u;D rdi_ ;f orD;’ tjzpfeJ@a&m(csKd;jzLrdcif/ a'gif;rdcif) tjzpfe@J yg =unfnKd av;pm;aewm jzpf ygw,f? usaemfw@kd rSm 'Dvykd *k Kd~ vrf sK;d awG udk qnf;uyfciG &hf wm txl;uHaumif; w,fv@kd rSwpf v GJ sufygyJ? Edik if t H wGuf vJ uHaumif;avpGv@kd cH,yl gw,f? ylaZmfxu kd o f l ylaZmfr/_ rSw, f rl *Fvm?

armifprG ;f &nf 2006/ Ed0k ifbm 12

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tarvlxak ':trm. 91 ESpjf ynfah rG;ae@twGuf aumif;r_uo k v dk jf yKae=upOf

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Ed0k ifbm 19 &ufae@Yvnf; uAsmq&m}u;D wifr;kd . 73 ESpjf ynhaf jrmufarG;ae@txdr;f trSwEf iS hf *syefEikd if &H dS jrefrmvlrsKd; rsm; pmzwf&eftwGuf wnfaxmifziG v hf pS x f m;aom rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhw f u kd f 2 ESpjf ynht f xdr;f trSwt f crf;tem;udk rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unfw h u kd w f iG f tqdyk gae@(Ed0k ifbm 19 &uf) ae@v,f 11;00 em&DrS 3;00 em&Dtxd usi;f yjyKvyk cf yhJ gonf? txdr;f trSwt f crf;tem;od@k pmayrdwaf qGrsm;/ vkyaf zmfuikd zf ufrsm;/ *syeftef*sDtt kd zJ@G tpnf;rsm;/ *syefvw G af wmfpm =unhw f u kd rf S wm0ef&o dS rl sm;tygt0if/ wdu k sKd 23 òr@e,frS pm=unhw f u kd w f m0efcu H , kd pf m;vS,rf sm; pHn k pD mG wufa&mufc=hJ u+y;D wufa&mufvm=uaom {nhyf &dowfrsm;udk =umqH[if;cg;jzifh {nfch aH u|;arG;cJyh gonf? rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhw f u kd u f kd 2000 ckEpS w f iG /f azazmf0g&DvwGif ‘tm[m&’trnfjzifh pwifwnfaxmifc+hJ y;D / 2004 ckEpS /f Ed0k ifbmvwGif q&mwifr;kd . vrf;!Get f =uaH y;csuft& ‘rd;k aomuf=u,f’od@k ajymif;vJcjhJ cif;jzpfonf? owif;"gwfy-kH [ef0if;xGe;f / armif&iS -f bm;rm;rD', D m rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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wkid ;f &if;om;u¾

arG;zGm;jcif;ygwo f ufI w}urd af rG;v#if wa,mufomarG;&rnfjzpf+y;D tr$marG; zGm;vmygu raumif;qdk;0g;ygvmonf[k,lq+yD; aemufrSarG;aomcav; (od@k )rde;f cav;udk ajrjrKyyf pfjcif;/ awmawmifopfyifc=G um;wGif pGe@f ypfjcif;jyK=u.? od@k aomf tr$marG;jcif;udEk pS o f ufonfh em*rsKd;EG,pf v k nf; &Sm;yg;pGm&Syd gonf? rSwo f m;zG,af umif;aom"avhwckrmS tema&m*gusa&mufaeonhf ±GmrS{nfh onfuv kd nf;aumif;/ vufc&H rnf±h mG wGif tema&m*gusa&mufaecJv h #ifaomf vnf;aumif;/ ±Gmt0ifvrf;wGif arsmufacgif;rsm;/ vl±yk rf sm;csdwq f x GJ m;+y;D tdrf aygufrsm;Yvnf; opfcufprd ;f rsm;udk vlprd ;f t0ifrcHvakd omoabmjzifh csdwq f GJ xm;avh&Sd=u.? tjcm;"avhx;kH pHw&yfrmS usm;udu k cf &H I aoqH;k oGm;aomvl(od@k )wd&p>mefukd ±GmwGi;f toGi;f rcHbJ ±GmjyifywGijf rKyEf jHS cif;/ csujf yKwpf m;aomufjcif;jyK=u.? ±GmeD; ywf0ef;usiw f iG f usm;&Sad =umif; od&onfEiS w hf òyifeuf uav;§vl}u;D rusef "g;vSH qJu G m &SmazGwu kd cf u kd =f u.? usm;udo k wfEikd o f t l m; ol&aJ umif;tjzpf cs;D ajrm‡ uf =u.? usm;pG,u f kd w&m;pD&ifonht f cg ‘rSe&f mudt k ppfcyH grnf/ rrSew f mudak jym vsif usm;udu k cf &H ygapæ’[k usdew f , G &f mwGif toH;k jyK=uonf? r&Srd jzpf‘yef’ em*aus;±Gmrsm;wGif ‘yef’qdak omtaqmuftODrsm;xm;&S+d y;D t"dym` ,frmS vlopl ak 0;&mae&mjzpf.? jrefrmjynf&dS em*yefrmS 4 rsK;d &S. d ? (1)aus;±Gmoma&;em a&;udprP sm; wdik yf ifaqG;aEG;onh‘f yef’/ (2)trsK;d orD; tysKpd ifrsm;omtdy&f onfh ‘yef’/ (3)vlysKrd sm;omtdy&f onf‘h yef’/ (4)tdraf xmifzufvw G v f yfpmG a±G;cs,Ef ikd f onhf pHw k ‘GJ yef’[lIjzpf.? yefrsm;wGif opfyifukd tacgif;aygufxiG ;f xm;aom opfom;wH;k }u;D rsm;xm;&Sd +y;D / ‚wd@k udk ppfwu kd o f nht f cgwiG af cguo f nhf ‘yefw;kH ’ ESihf ewfwifonht f cgwGif acgufonh‘f yefw;kH ’[lI cJjG cm;xm;onf?

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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zdwaf c:tyfygonf tðyoabmaqmifonfph mrlrsm;ESihf owif;tcsut f vufrsm;udk rnforl qdak y;yd@k Edik yf ga=umif; rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,frS zdwaf c:tyfyg onf?

Ðetzxdk;ppfqifr+a-umihf u&ifwdkif; &if;om;rsm; tdk;tdrfpGef‹xGufajy;ae&

jrefrmetzppfwyf. xd;k ppfqifae r_rsm;a=umihf u&ifjynfe,fEiS hf awmifil c±dik t f wGi;f &Sd u&if±mG om;wcsK› ad oqH;k +yD; trsm;pkrSm xdkif;-jrefrme,fpyf teD;&Sd ‘tdwlx’'kuQonfpcef;odk@ tdk; tdrpf eG @f xGuaf jy;ae&a=umif;/ tqdyk gvl rsm;. vHkjcHKa&;ESifh tpma&pmrsm;vdk tyfaea=umif;/ vl@tcGit fh a&;avhvm a&;tzJ G @ ( HRW-Human Rights tEW&m,fuif;&Si;f ap&eftwGuf bmoma&;q&mrS rSe;f r_waf y;aepOf Watch)ESihf u&iftrsK;d om;tpnf;t±H;k Taqmif;yg;yg tcsK› ad om±d;k &m"avhx;kH pHEiS hf tcsK› ad ompdwaf eoabmxm;wd@k (KNU)tzG@J u ajymonf? u!$e;f qdo k nfrmS zH@G òz;wd;k wufrr_ &So d avmufaES;auG;onfh em*awmifwef;a' Edk0ifbm 22 &ufae@u awmifil o. pD;yGm;a&;/ vlra_ &;/ vrf;yef;qufo, G af &;/ use;f rma&;/ ynma&;u¾wd@k t c±dik /f xef;wyifòr@e,f/ acgo;kd y,f±mG ESihf ay: wm0efc&H rnfh acwftqufquf Edik if t Hh pd;k &rsm;onf vH;k 0eD;yg; vspv f sL±_chJ ±d;_ x±Gmrsm;od@k etzu vufeuf}u;D a=umif;xif&mS ;.? xd@k a=umifh jrefrmjynfrv S Ol ;D a& 1 ode;f 6 aomif;cef@om&Sad om rsm;jzifh ypfcwfwdkufcdkuf+yD; w&uf em*wd@k onf jyifya'oESit hf quftoG,t f jzwfc&H um wd;k wufaomurBm}u;D r wnf;wGif aqm0'J±mG ;om; 2 OD;udk zrf; qdx k m;ESi/hf tjcm;wdik ;f &if;om;rsm;ESiEhf id_ ;f ,SOv f siyf if aemufususev f sujf zpfae.? qD;ypfowfcahJ =umif;/ xef;wyifòr@e,f 'Dru kd a&pD&rS/ z,f'&,fjynfaxmifp}k u;D wnfaqmufEikd rf q S o dk nfh tcsed o f wfrw S f &Sd ±Gmaygif; 20 rS vSn;f 25 pD;cef@udk csux f uf vuf&u dS mvwGiyf if useaf oG;csi;f wd@k taejzifh em*wd@k b0udpk memum vnf; t"rRay:wmqJ+G y;D ±Gmom;rsm;udk vufwaGJ c:oifo h nf? ppfzed yfatmufrjS refrmjynfonf tjcm;wd;k wufaomEdik if H cdik ;f apcJah =umif;/ a'ocHrsm;. pdu k cf if; rsm;ESiEhf i_d ;f ,SOv f sif ESpaf ygi;f 100 r# aemufru S secf +hJ yq D ykd gu jrefrmjynfrS em*wd@k trsm;tjym;udkvnf; zsufqD;jcif;cH& onf [d;k ta0;}u;D / ausmufacwfomomb0rSm ESpaf ygi;f 200 r# aemuf cseu f sef a=umif;/ autef,t l axGaxGtwGi;f &pfc+hJ y[ D q k Ekd ikd . f ? xd@k twGuf um,uH&iS ef m*wd@k tvGe}f uKd ;pm;=u&ayrnf? a&;rSL; z'drk ef;&Smuajymonf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

,ckvkdvkyf&yfrsm;a=umifh tdwlx 'kuo Q nfpcef;od@k Ed0k ifbm 13 &ufrS 17 &uftwGi;f u&ifwikd ;f &if;om; 300 cef@ a&muf&Sdvmonf[k u&ifu,f q,fa&;ESihf zG@H òz;a&;tzJ@G !Ge=f um;a&; rSL; a*;vfbwf±;_ uajymonf? u&ifjynfe,ftwGi;f etzwyfrsm; qufwdkufxkd;ppfqifaeaoma=umifh ,ckESpftwGif; a±G@ajymif;'kuQonf 27˜000 cef@&S+d y;D / tenf;qH;k 45 OD;ao qH;k cJah =umif;/ Edik if EH iS w hf 0ef; xGuaf jy;ae &olaygi;f 82˜000 cef@&Sad =umif; HRW tzJ@G uajymonf? 1996 ckEpS rf pS I ,ae@txd etz wyfu ±Gmaygif; 3077 ±Gmudk zsufq;D cJ+h y;D vlwoef;ausmf td;k tdrpf eG @f xGuf ajy;cJ&h onf?({&m0wDr)S

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Edik if w H umowif;rsm;

ÐusL;bm;Edik fi&H @J ueG fjrLepfawmfvSefa&;ESpf(50)jynfh tcrf;tem;udk crf;em;}uD;us,fpmG jyKkvyk fcahJ yrJh acgif;aqmif}uD;uufpx±dkrwufa&mufEdkifcJh// 'DZifbmv(2)&ufae@[m usL;bm;EdkifiH&J@ uGejf rLepfacgi;f aqmif}u;D 'Castro'eJ@ ol@wyfz@JG 0if rsm; usL;bm;Edik if u H kd awmfveS &f ,lcw hJ hJ tESpf 50 ajrmufae@bJjzpfygw,f? usL;bm;tpdk;&[m tqdyk gae@rSmbJ aq;±Hw k uf+y;D cGpJ w d u f k or_caH e &vd@k arG;ae@yGrJ jyKvyk cf &hJ wJh uGejf rLepfacgi;f aqmif }u;D 'Castro'&J@ arG;ae@yGt J crf;udyk g twlusif;ycJh &m tvGeyf if pnfum;odu k +f rKd uf }u;D us,cf ef;em; vSw,fv@kd qdEk ikd yf gw,f? tJ'ga=umifh usL;bm;Edik if rH mS tJ'aD e@wae@vH;k ppfa&;tcrf;tem;rsm;/ aysmf&i$ yf rJG sm;/ rD;±_;rD;yef; ypfvw $ jf cif;rsm;pwJh atmifycJG cH w hJ hJ tcrf;tem; awGuu kd si;f yjyKvyk cf =hJ uygw,f? 'gayrJh trsm;u ar#mfvifhxm;ovdk acgif;aqmif}uD;'Castro'u awmh tqdyk gtcrf;tem;awGukd wufa&mufEikd cf hJ jcif;r&Sb d ;l vd@k qdyk gw,f?

r=umao;rDu aq;&Hw k ufcpJG w d u f o k r_ccH hJ &wJh usL;bm;uGefjrLepfacgif;aqmif}uD; 'Castro' [m usef ; rma&;aumif ; rG e f v suf & S d a =umif ; uG e f j rL epfa&'D,rkd w S qifh xkwv f i$ ahf jymqdck yhJ gw,f? 'gayrJh tckvkd tESpf 50 ajrmufawmfveS af &;ae@tcrf;tem; rwufa&mufEikd b f J wdik ;f jynftm%mudk vGaJ jymif;ay; cJw h hJ ol@&J@nDjzpfol'Raul Castro'om tqdyk gtcrf; tem;awGukd wufa&mufcw hJ t hJ wGuf tm%m&Si}f u;D 'Fidel Castro'&J@ use;f rma&;tajctae[m od@k avm od@k avmjzpfaecJ&h +yv D @kd qdyk gw,f? ol@&J@nDjzpfol'Raul Castro'[m rde@f cGe;f rsm;ajym =um;cJah omfvnf; tudjk zpfoel @J ywfoufv@kd wpHw k &mr# xkwaf z:ajym=um;cJjh cif;r&Scd w hJ t hJ wGuf yd+k y;D pOf; pm;p&mjzpfae=u&w,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? 'Fidel Castro' [m vGecf w hJ hJ =o*kwv f 13 &ufae@rSm touf 80 jynfch +hJ yjD zpfygw,f/

usL;bm;Edik if &H @J uGejf rLepfawmfveS af &;ae@ tcrf;tem;rS ppfa&;jyjrifuiG ;f wck/(tay: ) 'Fidel Castro'ESihf 'Raul Castro'(atmufy)kH

'Fiji'EdkifiHwGifppfwyfu tm%modrf;r_jzpfymG ; ykyf&[ef;rif;BuD;'Benedict XVI' rGwfqvifbmom0ifrsm; zpdzw d yf ifv,fawmifbufrmS wnf ESifhcspfMunfap&eftwGuf wl&uDEdkifiHodkYoGm;a&muf &S+d y;D u|ef;Edik if aH v;jzpfwhJ Edik if rH mS 'Fiji'

'DZifbm 5 &ufae@u ppftm%modr;f r_jzpfymG ;cJyh gw,f? tckwacguef @J qd&k if tm%mod r f ; r_ j zpf y G m ;wm 19 ESpt f wGi;f 4 }urd af jrmufjzpfygw,f? tm%modrf;acgif;aqmifuawmh wcsdeu f a&wyfO;D pD;rSL;jzpf+y;D / vuf&dS 'Fiji'EdkifiH&J@ ppfOD;pD;jzpfaeol 'Voreqe Bainimarama'bJjzpfygw,f/ olu tckvt kd m%modr;f vdu k w f m [m vGecf w hJ ahJ rvurS 0ef}u;D csKyfjzpf vmol 'Laisenia Qarase'&J@ tpdk;& tzG@J tm; jzKwcf s&ef&nf&, G jf cif;omjzpf +y;D / wdik ;f jynfu'kd rD u kd a&pD jyefvnft oufoiG ;f rSmjzpfa=umif; xkwaf z:ajym =um;oGm;ygw,f// 'gayrJh tdref ;D jcif;Edik if aH wGjzpfwhJ e ,l;ZDvefEikd if u H 'Fiji'eJ@ ppfa&;oabm wlnx D m;r_awGukd &yfqikd ;f a=umif;eJ@ t ckvt kd m%modr;f r_ukd &_@H csvu kd yf gw,f?

Ðtm%modr;f ppfacgif;aqmif 'Voreqe Bainimarama'

tvm;wl =opaw;vsEikd if u H vnf; &_@H cscJ+h y;D / t*FvefEikd if u H awmh 53 Edik if H xJrmS yg0ifaewJh "eo[mtzG@J 0if 'Fiji' Edik if t H m; tzG@J 0iftjzpfrS r=umcif&yf qdik ;f ypfrmS jzpfw,f vd@k xkwaf z:ajymqdk vdu k yf gw,f? 'Fiji'Edi k if [ H m vlO;D a&(9)ode;f ausmf om&Sw d u hJ |e;f Edik if aH v;jzpfayrJh wESpu f kd urBmvSnchf &D;onf 4 ode;f ausmf vm a&mufvnfywf=uwJh vSywJu h |e;f Edik if H av;wckjzpfygw,f//

vGecf w hJ phJ ufwifbmvtwGi;f *smr %DEdkifiHwGif w&m;a[mcJhpOfu ykyf& [ef;rif;}uD;befeuf'pf(wf) XVI[m rGwq f vifbmom0ifw@kd txGÉt f jrwf xm;wJh wrefawmfrdk[mrufeJ@ywf ouf+y;D a0zefajymqdck &hJ m rGwq f vif bmom0ifrsm; tjrufa'goxGufI urBmtES@H qENjyuef@uGurf r_ sm; jyKvyk f cJ=h u+y;D ‚udpu P kd jyefvnfawmif;yef zd@k eJ@ jzpfymG ;aewJjh y\emrsm; ajyvnf +ird ;f csr;f oGm;apa&;twGuf Ed0k ifbm 28 &ufae@rSm rGwq f vifEikd if jH zpfwhJ wl& uDEdkifiHudk cspf=unfa&;c&D;tjzpf 4 &uf=um oGm;a&mufcyhJ gw,f?

( Refers & Quoted from : Japan Times & Yahoo News ) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

yky&f [ef;rif;}u;D [m wl&uDEikd if u H kd a&mufa&mufcsif; emrnfausmf 'Blue Mosque'ac: rGwfqvifbk&m;0wfjyK ausmif;}u;D wGif rGwq f vifbmom0if wdk@&J@ bmoma&;t}uD;tuJwOD;jzpf f ol 'Mustafa'tygt0if tjcm;rGwq vif b moma&;acgif ; aqmif a wG e J @ twl bmoma&;qkawmif;yGrJ sm; usi;f yjyKvyk cf yhJ gw,f/ tqdkygc&D;pOftm; wl&uDEdkifiH&Sd rGwq f vifbmoma&;acgif;aqmifrsm; eJ@ urBm@rGwq f vif bmoma&;acgif; aqmifrsm;u +idrf;csrf;a&;c&D;pOfwck tjzpf }uKd qdck =hJ uw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? yky&f [ef;rif;}u;D 'Benedict XVI'

wl&uDEikd if &H dS rGwq f vif bmom0if t}u;D tuJrsm; ESit hf wl qkawmif;r_ jyKvkyaf epOf?

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

16

v 0 u tusO;f pcef;rS &Jabmfrsm;. &ifziG o hf rH sm;

tifwmeufaqmif;yg;

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ra&mufao;bJEiS yhf if vl}u;D qefqef [efyeftrlt&mrsK;d &So d nf? xdt k wGuf rdb rsm;u om;uav;tay: tm;ud;k w}u;D ar#mfvifch sufxm;=uonf? zcifjzpfo. l xifjrifcsufrmS ol@om;onf ,cifb0rS txufwef;pm;yk*Kd~ vf wOD;OD;. vl0ifpm;jzpf+y;D ,ckb0wGif omi,fonf t±G,af &mufv#if bke;f }u;D 0wfI pmwwfaywwf/ usr;f *efwwfy*k Kd~ vt f ausmt f armfwa,mufjzpfvmvdrhf rnf[k ar#mfreS ;f vsuf&. dS ? olw@kd onf aea&mif0if;yaomjrpfjyiftwdik ;f avSuakd vSmcf wfpek q f if;vm=u &m zcifu wcgw&H aw;oDcsif;uav; wydik ;f wpnnf;.? ZeD;uvnf; pdwf vuf=unf±i$ [ f efjzifh toHuav;wpmpm oHòyif0ifIqd&k mS .? r=umrDyif olw@kd avSonf awm&Sif;xm;aom jrpfurf;yg;udkif;ajruGufvGwfae&muav;odk@ a&mufvm.? Tae&mwGif jrpfurf;yg;onf jrpfjyifxo J @kd pG,x f ;kd +y;D tilxu G v f suf&&dS m obm0avSqyd u f av;wckvjkd zpfaeonf? tke;f yif/ "edyifrsm;uvnf; a&pyf txd aygufae.? urf;yg;apmif;qifajcavsmrSmvnf; a&aomufqif;aom u|J EGm;wd@k .ajc&muGurf sm;jzifh ±_yaf xG;vsuf&. dS ? TwGif avS0rf;xJro S m;i,fu ±kww f &ufaumufumiifum pum;ajymavonf? “tJ'n D u usKyfw@kd wku H if;awGqu kd x f m;wm 'Dae&mayghæ”[k oluqd. k ? om;i,fonf arG;uwnf;u w}urd rf # ±GmESiahf 0;a0;a&mufz;l olr[kwo f nhf twGuf rdbrsm;rSm om;.pum;a=umihf xl;qef;tH=oovdjk zpfomG ;.? xd@k a=umifh rdcifjzpfou l ar;.? “a&mufwwf&m&m bmawGav#mufajymaewmvJ vluav;&,fæ” “usKyw f @kd tJ'aD e@u ae0ifcsed af vmufrmS a&muf+y;D 'Dae&mrSm wku H if;awGukd uyfxm;w,f? a[m[k±d @H$ xJu EGm;ajc&muGuaf wGukd usKyaf umif;aumif;rSwrf d wmaygæ h ? tJ'n D rSm at;vnf;odyaf t;wmyJæ”[k om;i,fu qufajymjyef.? xdt k cg rdcifu om;pdwaf useyfatmif pvdu k pf avsmajymjyefjzifh “uJ-qdpk rf; ygOD;/ tarwd@k tdru f taa0;}u;D vm+y;D 'Dae&mrSm vluav;wa,mufwnf; csrf;csrf;pD;pD; bmvkyaf eovJæ” rdcifu om;ajymyHu k kd oabmus+y;D &,fvu kd af wmhrnf[ h efjzpfae&mwGif zcif u0ifI ZeD;tm;[ef@vdu k . f ? xd@k aemuf zcifjzpfou l om;tm; aoG;wd;k prf;ovdk nifnifomomar;cGe;f rsm; qufumar;avawmh.? om;i,fuajz.? “nuvnf; odycf srf;odyaf t;wmyJ? nOfv h nf;eufvma&m usKyfw@kd uif;o rm;u wacgacgtdyfarmusygava&m? tJ'Dtcsdef vloHk;a,muf wkHuif; ay:wufvmw,f? uke;f ay:ysOjf ym;ay:rSm0yf+y;D wufvm=uw,f? +y;D awmh olw@kd u uif;orm;&J@0g;&if;wkwu f , kd w l ,f? +y;D awmh a&eHqrD ;D tdru f kd ajcaxmufe@J uefypfvdkufw,f? aemuf usKyftdyfaewJhae&mudk olwdk@a&mufvm=uw,f? olw@kd u usKyw f @kd aiGu, kd w l ,f? usKyu f aiGwcsK› u d kd usKyaf cgi;f tH;k atmufrmS xm; w,f? wcs›Ku d kd usKyfcg;xJrmS xm;w,fæ” TwGif om;i,fu&yf+y;D ±kww f &uftoHxu G af tmif&,farmvdu k af o;.? xd@k aemuf qufI-“wcs›Kad iGawGuakd wmh usKyfu *keef t D w d ef @J xnf+h y;D =urf;cif; ysOcf syaf tmufrmS zGux f m;wm? tJ'gukd olw@kd vH;k vH;k awG@roGm;=ubl;As? usKyu f vnf; b,fae&mrSmxm;w,fqw kd m zGirhf ajymbl;? usKyu f atmfw,f/ atmfawmh uif;orm;Ed;k +y;D ajy;vmw,f? uif;orm;udk olw@kd owfypfvu kd w f ,f? ol@udck w k f xpf+y;D jrpfxyJ pfcsvdu k w f myJæ” “'Dawmh vluav;uaum bmvkyfao;ovJæ”[k zcifu0ifIar;.? om;i,fu w}urd x f yf&,f+y;D ajym.? “usKyu f bmvkyEf ikd rf mS vJæ/ usKyu f kd vnf; olw@kd u b,forl rS rSwrf ad tmif ckwx f pf+y;D jrpfxu J ykd yJ pfcsvu kd w f mayg?h tJ'n D u awmfawmfat;wJn h ygyæ J ”[k qdu k m om;i,frmS ajym&if; csrf;pdro hf vdjk zpfvm.? zcifjzpforl mS udak ±$tyk Ef iS hf w±Gmwnf;om;csi;f jzpfav&m udak ±$tyk . f tjzpft ysuu f kd aumif;pGmod.? wku H if;=urf;jyifatmufrS aiGtw d t f a=umif;udv k nf;od .? xk@d jyif ,ck olw@kd avSa&mufaeaomae&mrSm udak ±$tyk pf yg;0,fvmpOf xdak e@

nu wkeu f if;oH;k pif;qdu k u f yfI ntdyaf omae&mjzpfa=umif;udv k nf; od&. dS ? xdak =umihf olu om;i,ftm;ar;.? “tJ'Dvdkvkyfwm b,folawGvJ vluav;æ” “usKyfu"kd m;eJ@ckww f v hJ u l akd wmh usKyfrodb;l ? ol@rsufEmS u arSmif&yd x f rJ mS a&mufaew,f? 'gayr,hf tJ'v D t l em;rSm&yfae+y;D apmapmu uif;orm;udk "m;eJ@ ckww f v hJ u l awmh ol}u;D udpk cH sdeaf ygh? usKyf ol@udk aumif;aumif;odwmayghæ” xdt k cg rdcifjzpfou l xdwv f ef@w=um;v_y&f mS ;vm+y;D cifyeG ;f tm; pdwq f ;kd rmef qd;k trlt&mrsKd;jzif=h unhv f suf “uav;udk 'Dvpkd um;awG rajymygapeJ@/ awmf awmf=um usKyw f @kd tm;vH;k 'kuaQ &muf=uvdrrhf ,fæ”[kq. kd ? tb,fa=umif[ h rl l OD;pHcsderf mS ,cktcsdew f iG f ±Gmuav;pm;aom a=u;&wwfvcl srf;om vl}u;D vl aumif;wOD;jzpfaeonfomru ±GmeD;csKypf yf q&mbke;f awmf}u;D rsm;/ &[ef;oHCm rsm;tm; ypPn;f av;yg;'g,umtjzpf cH,v l LS wef;aeoljzpfaoma=umifw h nf;? od@k aomf zcifjzpforl mS om;i,fajymaomtjzpftysufukd arhazsmufr&bJ awG;aerd.? wjznf;jznf;ESihf TtawG;onf pdwx f w J iG f 0efxyk }f u;D wckyrm av; vHvm.? aemufq;kH wGif T0efxyk }f u;D udk onfy;kd rxm;Edik af wmhovdk jzpfvm.? wae@wGif u|Eykf . f rdwaf qGòr@tkyo f nf c&D;vSn&hf if; xk±d mG uav;od@k a&muf&dS vm+y;D uav;i,f.zcifxrH S tqdyk gtjzpftysuw f ckv;kH udk =um;od&avonf? òr@tkyo f nf awm±Gmuav;rsm;wGif Tod@k r=umc%awG@&wwfaom vl0ifpm; rsm;ta=umif;/ ewfyl;pkef;yl;rsm;ta=umif;/ tjcm;xl;xl;qef;qef;udpPrsm;t a=umif;udk ,H=k unforl [kwaf cs? od@k aomf Tuav;i,fu ol@ta=umif; twˆK y`wu dW kd ajymyHq k ykd t kH rlt&mrsm;um; vGepf mG ydik Ef ikd w f u d svSayonf? t,lonf;aom,Hk=unfr_rsm;udk vG,fvG,fESifhvufcHvdkolwa,muf r[kwaf pumrl òr@tkyo f nf Tw}urd w f iG af wmh ,H=k unfvufc&H awmhrvkd t awmfpw d yf g0ifpm;vmavonf? od@k aomf tajctaerSm pOf;pOf;pm;pm; oH;k oyf udik w f , G &f ef txl;vdt k yfayonf? ol}u;D OD;pHcsdew f iG f vltrsm;odoavmuf tusifph m&dwcW |wf,iG ;f r_[I l ,ck txd wpGe;f wuGurf #yif r&Sad o;acs? oHo,jzpfEikd pf &mwckwnf;aomudprP mS wzufpmrsufEmS od@k «

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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OD;pHcsed o f nf b,fuaiGawG b,fv&kd I b,fvckd sr;f omvmonf[al om tcsuf omv#ifjzpf.? pOf;pOf;pm;pm;pDpOfvyk af qmif&efvt kd yfonht f wdik ;f òr@tkyo f nf tcsed , f I l pOf; pm;.? tu,fI oli,fuav;.twˆKy`wu dW kd wu,fjzpfysufco hJ nhaf e&mwGif jyefajymif;xkwaf zmfajymqdEk ikd af tmif tajctaersm;zefw;D pDpOfay;rnfqykd gu ol }u;D OD;pHcsdeu f , kd w f idk f rnfonhef nf;ESirhf # pdwrf v_y&f mS ; Áa¹ENrysufbaJ eEdik rf nf r[kw[ f k òr@tkyu f awG;rd.? ,if;od@k awG;+y;D olonf aysmyf pGJ m;jrpfa=umif;c&D;wck ukd pDpOfvu kd . f ? xdck &D;wGif tjcm;vlrsm;ESit hf wl OD;pHcsed Ef iS hf zsma&mif;ol om;tz udyk g ac:aqmifvmcJ. h ? ò[email protected];onf jrpfjyiftwdkif; cyfoGufoGufpkefqif;vm+yD; awm&Si;f xm;aomjrpfurf;pyf udik ;f ajruGuv f w G af e&mod@k a&mufvm.? urf;yg; onf a&xJo@kd pG,x f ;kd xGuaf y:ae&matmufbufY obm0avSqyd u f av;wck jzpfae.? jrpfurf;pyfcyfxyfxyf ajcmufaeaom±$@H xJwiG f EGm;ajc&muGurf sm;udk jrif&onf? tke;f yif/ "edyifrsm;rSmvnf; a&pyftxdqif;I ayguaf &mufaeonf? òr@tkyu f Tae&mwGif armfawmfqu dk u f yf&ef =u±H , G af =umif; odjrifaomtcg OD;pHcsed w f a,mufrmS trlt&majymif;vmonf? olonf pdwx f YJ jyif;xefpmG v_yf &Sm;aeovdk rsufESmrsm;ysufvmonf? Tae&mrSm armfawmfqdkuf&efae&m aumif;wckr[kwaf =umif; oluajymavonf? xdt k cg oli,fuav;uajym.? “usKyfw@kd [kn d u wku H if;awG urf;rSmuyf+y;D ntdyw f m 'Dae&myJayghæ” xd@k aemuf oli,fuav;onf ol@rdbrsm;tm; avSay:wGiaf jymcJo h nht f wkid ;f ol@twˆKyw ` u dW kd wvH;k rusef jyefIajymjy.? olajymI+y;D qH;k oGm;aomtcg olonf ol}u;D OD;pHcsdeb f ufo@kd vSnu hf m avat;uav;ESihf vSr;f ar;vdu k af o;.? “cifAsm;aumrSwrf w d ,fr[kwv f m;udpk cH sed /f tJ'n D u awmfawmfuakd t;wmyJ aemfæ” xdt k cg ol}u;D onf oli,fuav;.ajc&if;wGif ud, k u f v kd cSJ sidak ºu;um ol@ tm; tjypfrcS iG v hf w $ yf g&ef awmif;yef&mS .? “rif;udo k wfwm usKyrf [kwyf gb;l uG,/f usKyu f ckd sr;f omay;yg? rif;udo k wfwhJ vlu ±Gm}uD;uzdk;wkwfygæ”[lI OD;pHcsdeu f zGi[ hf ajymvm.? oli,fuav;tm; olw@kd qufvufac:aqmifomG ;&mwGif ±Gm}u;D rSz;kd wkwu f vnf; a=umuf±@HG wkev f y_ pf mG jzifh ol@tjypfukd zGi[ hf 0efc. H ? udak ±$tyk u f o kd wfonhf tr_wckwnf;omrubJ olusL;vGecf o hJ nfh tjcm;vufonfray:ao;aom tr_ rsm;tm;vH;k udyk g azmfxw k af jzmifch sufay;avawmh.? ,ck zk;d wkwu f m; r&Sad wmh+y?D OD;pHcsdew f a,mufrmS vnf; ol}u;D tjzpfrES w k f xGuaf vonf? xd@k aemuf olonf uy`vu D |ef;wGif tpd;k &{nho f nftjzpf ESpf aygif;rsm;pGmae&+y;D xdu k |ef;wGiyf if aoqH;k oGm;avonf? (tqdyk gpmrlukd a=u;rHOk ;D aomif;rS &SmazGI ay;yd@k ygonf)

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2000(ESpfaxmif,ef;wdwd)

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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oa&mfpm

tokbtdrfwGi f zJ'dki fcHjcif; armifyn k (-opa-w;vs) “Adv k o f ef;a±$orD;&J@ r*FvmyJo G wif; =unh+f y;D +yv D m;bbæ” “at;uG,f u&ifav;&,f/ Zlvikd v f uowif;udk 'd@k wawG Ed0k ifbmvrS=unhf &w,fqakd wmh eJeaJ wmifaemufusoGm;wmayghu, G æ f / 'gawmif ‘armifcspfz;l ’ &J@aus;Zl;a=umifah væ” “tJ'rD *FvmyJeG @J owif;um;tay: bbtjrifvJ odyg&apbbæ” “r*FvmyJo G wif;udk ±du k =f uolawGu &efuek òf r@ 34 vrf;xdyrf mS aewJh ud, k w f @kd &J@rdwaf qG ‘pdik ;f bke;f xl;’eJ@ jrefrmhtoHuyk*Kd~ vaf wGy/J pdw0f ifpm;zd@k aumif;wmu 'Dr*Fvmowif;um; &efuek òf r@eJ@wuG tES@H tjym;jyef@ES@H +y;D rS ayguf=um;w,fqkd awmh ppftyk pf u k , kd w f ikd u f ayguf=um;atmifvyk o f vdrk jzpfb;l vm;uG,æ f ” “pOf;pm;p&mygbb/ &efuek t f jrifua&m b,fv&kd o dS vJbbæ” “'Dr*Fvmowif;rSm vlawmfawmfyJ pH=k uw,fu@GJ / uk, d o fh o d avmufajym&&if Adv k o f ef;a±$/ Adv k af rmifat;/ Adv k af ±$ref;/ Adv k pf ;kd 0if;eJ@ anmifEpS yf ifAv kd o f ed ;f pdeef @J wuG olw@kd &J@uawmfawG/ Adv k o f ef;a±$&@J 00zdik zhf ikd o hf rD;awG&,f/ +y;D awmh Adv k o f ef; a±$&@J ajr;awmfol ‘pdeaf rsmufarsmuf’tygt0ifayghu, G æ f ” “[kwu f b hJ b/ pme,fZif;q&mawG&@J tjrif[m pl;&SveG ;f ygw,fbbæ” “'gqkd tjrifEpS rf sK;d udck &GJ r,fu@GJ æ/ vlawG&@J jrifuiG ;f ’eJ@ ‘r*FvmypPn;f ’awG&@J jrifuiG ;f awGyguG,æ f ” (2) “vlawG&J@jrifuGif;rSm wifhawmifhwifhw,fuawmh Adkvfarmifat;wdk@ ZeD; armifEyHS u J , G /f ZeD;armifEpHS um;pjrnfajymw,f/ trlt&mwnf=unfw,fæ” “a±$ref;/ pd;k 0if;eJ@ anmifEpS yf ifoef;pdew f @kd ua&mbbæ” “a±$ref;trlt&mu rwnf+ird b f ;l / pd;k 0if;uawmh r*FvmvufpyG af vmufqif ay;&w,fqakd wmh ajymp&mrawG@ygbl;? anmifEpS yf ifoed ;f pde;f uawmh i,fxyf ajymifajymife@J wu,fu h t kd zd;k }u;D td±k yk af ygufaew,fæ” “'gqdb k b/ Adv k o f ef;a±$e@J ol@orD;awGua&mæ” “tif;av/ 'dk@=opa=w;vsm;rSm ‘ywfx&pf&Sm[Gef;eJ@om;rsm;’/ ‘om*deJ@orD; rsm;’pum;vdjk zpfae+y?D OD;oef;a±$twGuu f awmh rde;f rom;awGcsnf;om warG; wnf;arG;aevd@k jrefrmawGajymovdk ‘r¾myfwikd ’f uG,af e+yaD yghæ” “Adv k o f ef;a±$ro d m;pktay:rSm bbtjrifua&mæ” “yk*rH if;qufrmS ‘OZebk&if’&J@om;awmf ‘rif;acG;acs;’(e&oD[yawh 617678)[m rdcifu ausmufqnfZmwd/ yef;yGwo f nf(td;k vkyo f )l jzpfw,f? Adv k o f ef; a±$vnf; ausmufqnfZmwdom;yJ/ rif;acG;acs;u yJaG wmfwnf&if [if;cGuaf ygi;f oH;k &meJ@wnfovdk orD;r*FvmyJrG mS Adv k o f ef;a±$uvnf; a&cJrek @f awG wyJ+G y;D wyJG pm;vdkufwm oHk;&mr&Sdawmif oHk;q,favmufawmh tomav;yJuGJ@æ” “rif;acG;acs;uae Adv k o f ef;a±$jzpfrvm;bl;vd@k b,foal jymrvJbbæ” (3) “Adv k o f ef;a±$&@J orD;/ owd@k orD;‘oEWma±$0wfpm;wmawGuakd wmh jrefrmjynf wGi;f rSm tawmfyv J al jymrsm;=uw,fbbæ” “u&ifav;a&/ 'Dtcsufuakd wmh ud, k v f nf;jrefrmjynfoal wGe@J twl owd xm;rdygw,fu, G æ f ? oEWma±$&@J wacgi;f vH;k rSmjynhaf ewJh pdeaf wG&,f/ vnf;yif;eJ@ &ifywfqrD mS jynhaf ewJph ed af wG&,f/ =unf&h wmwrsKd;ygyJu, G æ f ” “bbwd@k uom =unh&f wmwrsKd;jzpfaeayrJh etzacgif;aqmifAv kd o f ef;a±$ twGuu f awmh =unhaf umif;aerSmayghbb&J@æ” “Edik if aH &;acwfwek ;f u Edik if aH &;acgi;f aqmifawG[m 'Dtcsuu f o kd wdxm;=uyg w,f? rqvacwf Adv k af e0if;eJ@ Adv k pf ed ;f ,kw@kd orD;awGvufxyfwmawmif 'Dvkd rvky=f ubl;uG@J / ckawmh wdik ;f jynfupkwjf ywf/ vlawGuiwfjywfaecsed rf mS orD;udk

pdefawGpDxm;w,fqdkawmhuG,fæ” “[kwu f b hJ b/ vl@tzG@J tpnf;rSm ppfacgif;aqmifqw kd m b,ftqifrh mS &Syd g ovJbbæ” “bk&ifawGacwfuawmh rif;nDrif;om;ayghu, G /f +y;D awmh ynm&Srd LS ;}u;D rwf &mayg/h 'Daemuf ukeo f nf/ aemufwqifrh mS rS ppfrx _ rf;awGjzpfw,fu@GJ / 'ga=umifh ppfrx _ rf;tvky[ f m todynmeJ@a&m/ t&Sut f a=umufe@J a&mrqdik yf J twdu k f tcdu k ef @J towftjzwfu a&Sw › ef;a&mufaew,fu@JG æ” “b,fvykd pJ ed af wGpx D m;ayrJh owd@k orD;oEWma±$a&m/ ol@troH;k a,mufa&m/ ±kyfawG trlt&mawGu eef;vnf;rqef/ yef;vnf;rqefyJ ‘jAKwfpjyJavsmif;’ awGjzpfaew,fv@kd ajymae=uw,fbbæ” “tif;av/ 'D=um;xJrmS rS owd@k om; ‘Adv k rf LS ;òz;aZmf0if;’uawmh rqd;k ygbl;? a,musFm;yDow,fr_wfvm;æ” “tjyifyef;uawmh bbjrifwt hJ wkid ;f ygbJ/ twGi;f uawmh owk@d om;&ifxJ rSm rD;awmufaew,fwJhbb&J@æ” “a[-[kwfvm;/ b,fvdkjzpfvdk@wkef;æ” “vSn;f usKd;xrf;&w,fq+kd y;D tm;vH;k uajymae=uw,fbbæ” “'gqv kd J ‘ajrya'omyif’acwfu bku d av;wifah tmifwifqufwhJ aumvdyf *siaf e0if;/ 0g0g0if;a±$/ pde*f |e;f xGe;f a±$e@J oDwmcifaxG;wd@k yg0if=uwJh ‘om;a,muQ xD;’jyZwfvykd J oabmxm;zd@k &Sad wmhw,fu, G æ f ”

Ð etzwd‹k tEkjrL"gwaf ygi;f zdvk yk zf ‹dk twGuf usyfajy;rS aròrd‹od‹k ajymif;a±$Œ ysO;f rem;usyaf jy;t&yfonf ivsif a=umESifhrvGwfonfh ae&ma'ojzpf onf[k ynm&Sirf sm;u 0dik ;f 0ef;ajymqdk aeonh=f um;rS tpk;d &±H;k pdu k &f mòr@awmf opf/ aejynfawmf[o k wfrw S +f y;D 0ef}u;D ±H;k rsm;/ Xmeqdik &f m±H;k csKyfrsm;udk trde@f a=unmpmrsm;xkwfI ajymif;a±$@cdkif; onfrmS wESpaf usmu f mvtwGi;f yif&dS ao;onf? ,ckwzef ‚tcsuu f t kd a=umif;jy

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

+y;D tEkjrL"gwaf ygi;fzv kd yk zf @kd twGuf Adv k f csKyfrLS ;}u;D oef;a±$EiS hf xdyyf ikd ;f tm%m ydik w f cs›Ko d nf aròr@teD;&S/d topfwnf aqmufxm;aom aejynfawmf topf/ &wemyHo k @kd +y;D cJo h nf'h ZD ifbm 4 &uf ae@wGif wdwfwqdwfajymif;a±$@ae a=umif;/ tEkjrLudpu P kd Adv k cf sKyfrLS ;}u;D oef;a±$&@J w&m;r0if om;ruf jzpfol awZqdo k u l wdu k ±f u kd pf pD Ofaea=umif; tifwmeufowif;rsm;t& od& onf?

24

‹k txd tiftwd wmeuf aqmif;yg;

bDbpD u D xkwv f i$ ahf ewJh ‘ar;ajzp &monfcsdecf g’wd@k ‘jrefrmhta&; urBmh ta&;’wdk@rSm jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDta&; aqmif±u G o f l r[mynmausmf a'guf wmZmenf&@J toHukd r=umc%=um;& avh&ydS gw,f? rdr, d =Hk unf&mvrf;pOft ay:rSm cdik cf ikd jf rjJ raJ jymwwfwmudak wmh udk}uD;ay:av;pm;ygw,f? b,fol }uKd u}f uKd u/f r}uKd u}f uKd uf ud, k }f uKd uf wmudk,fajymwmbmjzpfowkef;aemh? udZk menf[m jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDay: xGe;f a&;twGuf pD;yGm;a&;ydwq f @kd r_ukd xdxda&mufa&mufOD;aqmifcJholwOD; tjzpf pifay:rSmxif&Sm;vmcJh+yD;/ rdrd vrf;a=umif;udk ‘*i,fauG@’ jyefauG@ oGm;oltjzpfvnf; ydx k if&mS ;olyg? *i,fyJauG@auG@ yapmufyJauG@ auG@ ud}k u;D ay:u bmrSrajymvdyk gb;l ? vlwdkif;vlwdkif; udk,f,kH=unf&mudk,f vkyEf ikd =f uwmyJ? udZk menfonfvnf; jrefrmEdik if o H m;wa,mufjzpf+y;D jrefrm jynfuckd spfv@kd / jrefrmjynf}u;D wd;k wuf om,mapcsifvdk@ ajymqdkvkyfudkifae wmvd@k ud}k u;D ay:u,k=H unfygw,f? r csp&f if avukecf +H y;D b,fajymygv h aJ emf? udkZmenfu jrefrmjynfudkcspfwm olrsm;xufawmif ydkvdrfhOD;r,fxifyg w,f? wu,f wu,f/ tlxt J onf; xJu vdu _ cf eJvu _d cf eJcspyf &Hk w,f? bm a=umifq h &kd if jrefrmjynfta=umif; ar; =uajym=uwJt h cg ol@toHawGu wkef vdkufcgvdkufeJ@ aigufceJaigufceJ &if acgif;xJuxGufxGufvmawmh/ 'gt cspaf wGayguaf ygux f u G w f mvd@k ud}k u;D ay:awmhxifwmyJ? olajymwmawGursm;awmh tukef vkH;awmhvnf;rSwfrxm;rdygbl;? t"d uuswmav; ESpcf sufavmufyrJ w S rf d

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uoduatmuftawG;rsm; (21) ud}k uD;ay:

ygw,f? bmwJ-h “jrefrmjynfta&;[m awG@qkaH qG;aEG;r_enf;eJ@ ajz&Si;f vd@k r& bl;/ wdik ;f oljynfom;awG&hJ use;f rma&;/ ynma&;/ tiwfab;awGudk tm;vkH; 0dik ;f ajz&Si;f rSjzpfr,f/ a&G;aumufyaJG wG/ v$wfawmfawGc%z,fxm;/ wu,f vdktyfaewJh vlxkjy\emudk vuf awG@ususajz&Si;f rSomjzpfr,f” wJh? [kwfuJh/ r[mynmausmfwOD;&Jh rdef@qdkcsufqdkawmh av;av;pm;pm; rSwo f m;oifah ywmayg?h yxrpum;rSm ygwJh jrefrmjynfrmS ynma&;/ usef;rm a&;/ tiwfab;awGqu kd af &mufaewm tm;vkH; od=uom;yJ? jrefrmjynf}uD;csrf;omaew,fvdk@ b,forl rS ,lq=uygb;l ? 'gayr,fh jref rmjynfut kd yk cf sKyaf ewJAh v kd cf sKyrf if;rsm; ae@pOfeJ@tr#ajymqdkaewmu olwdk@ vufxufrSm jrefrmjynf}uD; tzuf zufuwdk;wufaea=umif;/ b,fwkef; urSr&bl;wJh &vm'faumif;awG t zufzufu&&Sdaea=umif;qdkwmcsnf;yJ r[kwfvm;? +yD;awmh c%c%azmfjy ae&wJh ausmif;wdk@/ aq;±kHwdk@pwJh pm &if;Z,m;awGuvnf; axGjym;ovm; rar;ygeJ@awmh? tJovdk Adv k cf sKyrf if;awGu wd;k wuf atmifjrifaeygw,fqdkwJh ynma&;/ usef;rma&;udpPawGudk udkZmenfu “cifAsm;wdk@vkyfaewm ae&rusao; bl;/ usKyfw@kd vkyaf y;r,fæ” qd+k y;D rsm; oGm;vkyrf mS vm;/ 'grrS [kwf “cifAsm;wd@k

vkyfwmodyfaumif;w,f/ 'Dxufydk aumif;atmif usaemfvnf;0dik ;f vkyaf y; yg&apæ”qdk+yD;rsm; oGm;vkyfrSmvm;/ ud}k u;D ay:awmh a0cJrG &Edik af tmifygyJ? wdik ;f oljynfom;awG csr;f omvm/ y nmawGwwfvm&if EdkifiHwdk;wufvm r,f / wd k ; wuf v m&if pD ; yG m ;a&;t aqmuftOD}u;D xGm;vmwJt h r# 'Dru kd a&pDtcGit hf a&;awGvnf; &&Sjd zpfxeG ;f vmr,fqw kd hJ oDt&kd [ D m urBmrSm ay:cJh wm=umyg+y?D 'Dot D &kd [ D m taemufOa&myEdik if H awG&hJ ESpaf ygi;f &mcscD w hJ hJ ordik ;f jzpfpOfu wqifh xkwfEkwfxm;wmjzpfa=umif; tm;vk;H od=uygw,f? tckvnf;yJ udZk menfu 'Dot D &kd u D kd tajccH+y;D ynma&;/ use;f rma&;/ pD;yGm; a&;udk t&ifvyk =f u/ 'gawG zG@H +zKd ;vm&if

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

'Dru kd a&pDqw kd mvnf; jzpfxeG ;f vmr,f vdk@ aqmf=oaeawmhæ/ [kwfuJh-ESpf q,fw h pf&mpkukd jzwfoef;ae&wJh ynm ^m%fEeHk @J av&Smaom ud}k u;D ay:crsm r [mynmausm}f u;D &Jh &mpkveG o f t D &kd u D kd em;rvnfrw d m cGiv hf w $ yf gcifAsm? tJonfrmS ajymwJh awG@qkaH qG;aEG;r_ enf;eJ@r&bl;qdw k mudak wmh ud}k u;D ay: u axmufcv H u kd cf sio f m;? bma=umifh vJ qdak wmh ud}k u;D ay:wd@k jrefrmawGu awG@qkaH qG;aEG;+y;D &if vufawG@qufr vky=f uawmhv@kd ygyJ? Adv k o f ef;a&$e@J a':pkw@kd awG@qkcH =hJ u ao;wmyJ? teftv J 'f aD cgif;aqmifawG vnf;yg&J@? tJ-awG@qkHwmyJ&SdcJhw,f av? bmrSqufrvkyjf zpf=ubl;? Adv k f cif!eG @f eJ@Adv k jf reJ@ awG@qkcH =hJ uwmyJ? t ypftcwf&yfz@kd oabmwlcw hJ myJ? a[m tckysufomG ;+y?D t&ift h &ifuvnf; 63 +ird ;f csr;f a&; aqG;aEG;yGw J @kd / 69 jynfwiG ;f nD!w G af &; t=uaH y;wd@k / 80 aqG;aEG;yGw J @kd vkycf =hJ u wmygyJ? wcgrSatmifjrifw,f&,fv@kd r&Scd yhJ gbl;? wdik ;f &if;om;vufeufuikd f tzG@J awGe@J +ird ;f csr;f a&;,lw,fq+kd y;D w a,mufudkwa,muf rsufvkH;a'guf axmuf=unfah e=u&wJh qwfqwfxd rcHEdkifwJh tajctaeqdkwm tm;vkH;od ae=uom;yJ? tif;æ ajym=upwrf;qd&k if ud}k u;D ay:wdk@jrefrmawGrSm aqG;aEG;tajz&Sm

25

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

twd‹k txd

wJ"h avhu tawmfu h ekd nf;ao;wmu vm;? 'Dawmh w}udrfwcg awG@qkHaqG; aEG;w,fq±dk aHk vmufe@J awmh jrefrmjynf ta&; at;csrf;r,frxifygbl;? awG@qkHaqG;aEG;r_awG t}udrf}udrf jzpfygap/ oabmwlnrD a_ wG rsm;rsm;& ygap/ wlwt hJ wdik ;f vufawG@vkyEf ikd =f u ygapvd@k yJ ud}k u;D ay:u qkawmif;csiyf g awmhw,f? a=omfæ udkZmenfu ajymao; w,f/ “wd k i f ; jynf a umif ; pm;a&;t wGuf wu,fvyk af y;csifv@kd Akv d cf sKyf awGe@J oGm;pum;ajymwmæ”wJ?h [kwf uJh/ tJonfhpum;=um;&awmh tjzpf tysufav;wckukd ajy;owd&rd&?hJ udk}uD;ay:wdk@udk&D;,m;rSm jrefrm rd w f a qG w OD ; [m tvk y f v k y f v d k u f aomufvu kd pf m;vku d ef @J aevmwm ESpf twef=umawmh usef;rma&;csKd@,Gif; vmw,f? 'geJ@ ol@oli,fcsif;awGu “rif; aq;av;bmav;uk/ +yD;&iftdrfjyef awmhæ”vdk@ wdkufwGef;=uw,f? ol aq;ukz@kd eJ@ jyefz@kd udpu P kd jrefrmtoif; uulnaD y;w,f? ol@udk taqmifrmS ac:xm;+y;D aq;ukay;aewke;f / w&uf rSmawmh toif;OuUÏvkyo f el @J pum; vufqu Hk sjzpf=uw,f? “rif; tvkyftm;aeawmh bmawG vkyfwkef;uGæ” “[m-usaemf ud&k ;D ,m;rSm ae&m tESH@av#mufoGm;w,fæ” “b,fawGa&mufwkef;uGæ” “tpkHyJtudk&/ jrefrmoH±kH;vnf; a&mufw,fæ” “a[-oH±kH;bmoGm;vkyfwkef;uG” “usaemf ta&;}uD;wJhudpP&Sdvkd@ oGm;wmAsæ” “vkypf rf;ygO;D uGm/ bmrsm;ta&;}u;D wmvJ/ igwkd@vnf;ajymjyygOD;æ” “ta&;}u;D w,fAs/ tck jrefrmjynf tajctaeu aumif;wmr[kwb f ;l / 'g a=umifh usaemfoGm;wm” “at;-ajymygOD;uGæ” “wdik ;f jynfu tajctaeraumif; bl;tud&k / tJ'g-usaemf OD;ae0if;&,f/ OD;oef;a&$&,f/ OD;cif!eG @f &,f/ OD;wifO;D &,f/ a':pk&,f/ tJonfhig;a,mufeJ@ awG@zdk@vdk@/ usaemfhudk awG@zdk@pDpOfay; ygvdk@ oH±kH;udkoGm;ajymwmæ” “a=omf-rif;u olw@kd ig;a,mufe@J

Edik if w H umowif;rsm;

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ÐruUqu D v kd w $ fawmfwiG f xd;k }udwf=uonfth xd &efyGJrsm;jzpfyGm;cJhjcif;// vGecf w hJ hJ *sLvdik v f twGi;f u ruUqD udEk ikd if rH mS a±G;aumufy+JG y;D qHck +hJ y;D aemuf tar&duefEdkifiHwGifjzpfyGm;cJhbl;ovdk a±G;aumufyrJG mS &&Scd w hJ hJ rJta&twGuf [m +yKid b f ufEpS Of ;D pvH;k twlwel ;D yg;&&Sd cJw h t hJ wGuf tEdik &f olukd a&G;cs,fb@kd tvGecf ufcw J hJ a&G;aumufyw JG ckjzpfchJ &ovd/k ordik ;f 0ifjzpf&yfwcktjzpfvnf; rSww f rf;0ifc&hJ ygw,f? 'gayrJh aemufq;kH rSm a±G;aumufyJG aumfr&Sirf S rJrsm;udk jyefvnfppD pf+y;D wJh aemuf National Action Party(PAN)rS 'Felipe Calderon'tm;/ 1 &mcdkifE_H;t

tifwmeufay:wGifvnf; zwf±_Edkifyg+yD rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhw f u kd rf S OD;pD;xkwaf 0aeaom ‘rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,f’tygt0if/ awmifu;kd &D;,m;Edik if x H w k f ‘axmifpjk ywif;owif;*sme,f’/ tar&duefEikd if x H w k f ‘yGio hf pf*sme,f’wdk@udk atmufygvyd pf mwGif zwf±E_ ikd yf ga=umif; http://www.moethaukkye.com

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omeJ@tEdik &f oltjzpf twnfjyKa=ujim cJyh gw,f? ±_;H edrchf &hJ olrmS 'Democratic Re volution Party'(PRD) ygwD r S 'Manuel Lopez'bJjzpfygw,f? tEdkif&&SdcJhwJh National Action Party(PAN) rS 'Felipe Calderon'udk orwtjzpf &mxl;v$t J yfb@kd 2 &uft vdk Edk0ifbm 30 &ufae@rSm v$wfawmf twGi;f tajctwifpum;rsm;=u&mu +yKd ib f ufEpS b f ufrS uGe*f &uftrwfrsm; xd;k }uw d =f uwJt h xd jy\em}u;D rm;cJ&h +y;D tqdyk gae@rSmbJ Democratic Revolution Party(PRD)ygwDrS 'Manuel H rl sm;&J@ +rKd @wGi;f Lopez'tm; axmufco qENjyr_rsm;vnf; jzpfymG ;cJyh gw,f? rnf o d k @ yif j zpf a p tEd k i f & &S d c J h w J h 'Felipe Calderon'uawmh 'DZifbm 1 &ufae@u ruUqu D Ekd ikd if &H @J orwt opftjzpf orw&mxl;udk vufc&H &Sd twnfjyKEdik cf +hJ yjD zpfygw,f?

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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[Jvkd rd;k aomuf=u,f? &Siw f @kd Edik if rH mS 'kuo Q nftjzpfav#mufwo hJ al wGukd *syef tpd;k &u 'Davmufawmifzrf;vScsnf;vm;? usrwd@k aemfa0uvlawG 'Dowif; zwf&awmh tH=owkev f y_ u f ek =f uw,f? *syefrmS &Sw d hJ jrefrmtzJ@G tpnf;awGua&m bmrSrvky=f ubl;vm;æ vkyfae=uw,fv@kd xifygw,f? tJ- bmawGvyk af ew,fqw kd mawmh usaemf wd@k vnf; rod&ao;ygbl;cifAsm;æ [Jvkd rd;k aomuf=u,f/ Adv k o f ef;a±$orD;rSm ud, k 0f ef&w dS ,fqw kd m aocsmvd@k vm; Asm? cifAsm;wd@k *sme,f vlpw d 0f ifpm;atmif zGaewmr[kwv f m;æ r,H&k if jrefrmjynfwiG ;f udk ud, k w f ikd zf ek ;f quf+y;D ar;=unfah væ rd;k aomuf=u,fcifAsm;? 'DEpS pf maya[majymyJrG mS pma&;q&mwpfa,mufwnf;qdk awmh renf;vGe;f bl;vm;æ? tenf;qH;k ESpaf ,mufavmufzw d yf gvm;Asmæ jzpfEikd &f if jynfyrSm&Sad ewJh pma&;q&mawGtm;vH;k udak c:+y;D usi;f ycsiw f maygh Asmæ? jy\emu tcsde&f ,f/ aiG&,f/ pma&;q&mawGay;Edik w f ahJ e@&,f/ oGm;a&; vma&;udp&P ,f/ tJ'gawGtm;vH;k udk csdeq f +y;D pDpOfae&vd@k ygAsmæ [J[kd rd;k aomuf=u,fa&? *syefukd udt k v J uf(pf)wd@k &J@ Lazy Clubvmazsmaf jzrSm aocsmoGm;+yv D m;[ifæ? usrqdik u f aumifav;u óuwifvufrw S af wGa&mif; aevd@k 0,f&rvm;æ/ r0,f&bl;vm;qdw k m aocsmodcsifv@kd pHpk rf;ay;ygaemfæ 0,fom0,fxm;vdu k Af sKd@æ? aocsmoGm;+yv D @kd od&ygw,fæ [Jvæ kd usaemf &Sief m*g0guaezke;f vSr;f qufwmyg? t&ifvu tzrf;cHxm;&ol rsm;pm&if;xJrmS usaemftygt0if vlEpS af ,mufemrnfusefcw hJ ,fAsmæ? usaemf wd@k u tzJ@G tpnf;awGx0J ifxm;wJo h al wGr[kwv f @kd razmfjywmvm;Asmæ tJ'DvkdoabmrsKd;r[kwf&ygbl;Asmæ? usaemfwdk@vnf; pHkprf;&oavmuf azmfjy&if;eJ@ usefomG ;wmjzpfygw,fæ? [Jvkd t&ifvu rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,fxrJ mS ygwJh teft,fv'f v D w $ af wmf trwfa':pef;pef;&J@tifwmAsL;ta=umif; zwf&wm t&rf;aumif;w,fAsm? a':pef;pef;ajymwJt h wkid ;f *syefrmS &Sw d hJ Edik if aH &;vkyaf eygwJv h al wG owdxm;+y;D pmawGbmawGzwf=u&J@vm;Asmæ ol w d k @ awmh r od b l ; ? rd k ; aomuf = u,f u vl a wG oG m ;owd / vmowd / pm;owde@J t&m&mudk owdrvGwaf tmif usifah e&wmawmh trSeyf AJ sKd@æ

« aps;wufaew,fæ/ jynfoal wG yd+k y;D usyw f nf;aew,fæ/ jrifc&hJ wmawGu pdwrf csrf;ombl;æ/ [drk mS aewJo h al wGtwGuf pdwrf aumif;bl;æ” pojzifh u±k%m avoHav;vd=k um;&ygw,f? trSeaf wmh tJ'gudk ‘twkta,mifu±k%m’vdk@ & [ef;awmf pma&;q&mwpfyg;uajymzl;wm rSwrf yd gw,f? jynfwiG ;f rSm tJ'v D jkd rif&awmh [drk mS bmawGaumif;usKd;wckcv k yk cf o hJ vJæ´? [Jvkd rd;k aomuf=u,f? cifAsm;wd@k *sme,fxu G w f m wvxufwv aemufusae bmulnaD xmufyrhH w _ ckcak y;cJo h vJæ´? ta0;uaea&m Edik if t H wGuf wckcb k m pGr;f aqmifay;Edik rf vJæ´? ud, k u hf , kd u f kd jyefar;=unf&h ifaumif;ygw,f? aemuf+y;D ygvm;Asæ awmif;yefygw,fAsmæ? usaemfw@kd vnf; pm;0wfaea&;twGuf tvkyw f zuf 'gawGudkvkyf&if trsm;xifaewJh ‘EdkifiHa&;’vdk@ qdkrSmvm; vkyfoifhvkyfxdkufwJh Edik if &H ŒJ ta&;vm;qdw k m pOf;pm;=unfah pcsiyf gw,f? wavmu aps;xJrmS vnfywf vkyf&if; vkyfae&vdk@yg? aemufwcsufuvnf; +yD;˜+yD;a&mqdkwJhoabmrsKd;eJ@ rxkwcf sifwmvnf;yg˜ygw,f? em;vnfay;ygaemfæ &if; trSww f rJjh rifc&hJ wJh pmwef;wpfcu k kd owd&rdygw,f? “raumif;qd;k 0g;awG/ rw&m;r_awG atmifjrif}u;D pd;k aewm[m vHak vmufwhJ vlaumif;awGu bmrSrvky=f uvd@k æ” wJAh sm? ? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/ Edik if aH &;wap>rS

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

30

tifwmeufaqmif;yg;

2006 ckEpS f pmayv+y&f mS ;r+owif;

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? IKEBUKURO KUMIN CENTER 4F

pmaya[majymyJGjzpfajrmufa&;aumfrwDrsm; 1? udak usmfausmfEikd (f 090 4924 2906) 2? udak usmfvi_d af t;(080 3382 7724) 3? a'guw f m=unf0if;(080 1225 4339) 4? a'guw f moef;0if;(080 6599 9510) 5? udpk ;kd 0if;&Sed (f 090 4128 4725) 6? rwifwif0if;(090 8720 9017) 7? ud0k if;aX;(090 7008 0026) 8? armifoef@(080 5478 4243) 9? udak X;opf(090 8584 5644) 10? udw k ;kd =unfaqGšCing Ngaih Maug(090 6153 4754) 11? udrk sKd;jrifah qG(090 5408 4087) 12? udx k ifausmf0if;(03 5974 3303) 13? udak tmifp;kd rd;k (080 6569 2352) 14? rpd;k pd;k jrif(h 080 6647 4603) 15? rykv(J 080 3502 7899) 16? udak usmfr;kd 0if;(090 9293 8981) 17? udpk ef;0if;jrif(h 090 6487 9697) 18? udjk rode;f (090 4844 7092) 19? udak Zmfrif;cdik (f 090 6025 4629) 20? udn k Kd 0if;ode;f (090 8500 1642) 21? udo k ef;aqG-ajreDuek ;f (080 5055 3645) 22? udo k ed ;f aiG(090 3527 7320)

23? udjk rifx h eG ;f (090 8349 6474) 24? udo k ef@aZmfO;D (090 1885 0731) 25? udak usmfr;kd Edik (f 090 9293 8981) 26? udx k ed rf if;atmif(090 1611 7260) 27? udck spfonf;atmif(090 9979 8993) 28? ud[ k ef0if;xGe;f (090 5218 3015) 29? udak wZm0if;(080 6661 6859) 30? Ma Lia Mang Cing Khai(CNC)(090 7902 7169) 31? Lia Cing Lam Mang(CNC)(090 4832 9446) 32?Akangda Aung Lee+Lashi Roisan(04 8259 1640) 33? Lahuk Angg Gun+Lashi Bawk Seng(03 3927 2807) 34? W-Hkawn San(080 6533 9955) 35? Waje Seng Moon(080 5179 7752) 36? Waje Hturaw(080 1089 8966) 37? Tang Lum(080 6551 8651) 38? K Ja Seng Mai(03 1089 8966) 39? armifpef;ausmfO;D (080 9852 9864) 40? ud&k w J if-h em*d, k m(080 3366 8772) 41? 'kuo Q nfun l aD pmifah &Smufa&;XmecsKyf(RHQ) (atmufygy*k Kd~ vfrsm;rSvnf; 0ifa&mufyyhH ;kd =uygonf) Andrew Myo Aung(KNL), Ma Mya Thway (KNL), King Hkun(Ibaraki), Mi Thet Thet San

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I wm0ef,jl zef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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v_yvf y_ &f mS ;&Sm; *syefjynfwiG ;f owif;rsm;

(ausmfausmfEikd /f armif&iS /f [ef0if;xGe;f )

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cspaf umif;/ tJvuf(pf)/ aumfeED iS hf a':rmrmat;wd‹k .*DwyJrG sm; jrefrmEdik if w H iG f emrnf}u;D wD;0dik ;f jzpfaom Lazy Clubaw;*DwtzJ@G rS *syefEikd if &H dS aw;cspo f rl sm;twGuf tqdak wmfcspfaumif;/ tJvuf(pf)ESiahf umfew D @kd 2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&Dv 7 &ufae@wGif wd&k rdS mck/ cdck ikd w f ;kd cef;rwGif nae 4;30 em&DrS 8;30 txd vma&mufazsmfajzzd@k aocsmoGm;+y[ D o k &d onf? tqdyk gyJu G kd a±$jcaoFch &D; oGm;vma&;ukr`%DrS 3 ESpfjynhftpDtpOftjzpf wm0ef,lpDpOfa=umif;od&+yD; 0ifa=u;rSm wOD;v#if ,ef; 5000 jzpfonf? Zefe0g&Dv 14 &ufae@wGiv f nf; tqdkygcef;rY EdkifiHausmfaw;oH&Sif tqdkawmfrmrmat;.azsmfajzyJGudkvnf; udx k eG ;f xGe;f OD;šudak t;pd;k wd@k OD;pD;wm0ef,I l usif;yjyKvkyrf nf[k od&onf?

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