Mtk Vol3 No6

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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jzef@csda&; 0if;atmif(wdu k sKd) 080 3380 0580 ud&k w J if(h em*d, k m) 080 3628 9979 0if;ay:armif(ud&k ;D ,m;) 82 1965 65712 rrif;rif;jyKH ;(tar&dum;) 1260 424 1434 aX;Edik (f e,fomvef) 31 6176 76582 pmrlrsm; ay; yd@k vdyk guT 161-0033 SHINJUKU-KU, SHIMO OCHIAI 1-11-7, OCHIAI ECO MANSION 301, TOKYO, JAPAN [email protected] [email protected] Home Page http://www.moethaukkye.com/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

e,fomvefEikd if rH aS y;yd‹k aomowif; jcif;ta=umif;udk &Si;f vif;ajym=um;+y;D / a':atmifqef;qk=unfu, kd pf m;/ 1988 ckEpS f twGi;f jrefrmEdik if rH S +Aw d o d #o±H ;kH oHtrwf}u;D a[mif; Mr. Martin Morland vufo@kd csD;jri‡ t hf yfEcHS o hJ nf? jrefrmEdik if YH tm%m&Sipf pftyk pf . k rw&m; qk v uf c H o l M r. zrf;qD;xde;f odr;f cHxm;&onfh jrefrmjynf Martin Morland u olrsm;. 'Drdkua&pDacgif;aqmif a': a':atmifqef;pk=unf. atmifqef;pk=unftygt0if urBmEdik f jref r mEd k i f i H t wG u f iHt&yf&yfrS vGwfvyfcGifhav;&yfudk ordik ;f wGit f pOftvmESih f jynforl sm;&&Scd pH m;Edik af &;twGuf óu; owWd&SdpGm 'Drdkua&pD yrf;wdu k yf 0GJ ifae=uolrsm;/ vl@tzG@J t a&;wdu k yf 0GJ ifaeyHu k kd cs;D pnf;rsm;udkcsD;jr‡ifh*k%fjyKaom The usL;aj y m= u m;cJ o h nf? Franklin D.Roosevelt four Freedoms tcrf;tem;udk e,f qkay;yJt G cef;tem;udk arv 13 &uf ae@ oHtrwf}u;D a[mif; Mr. Martin Morlandqkvufc, H pl Of omvef b k & if r }uD ; u e,f o mvef E d k i f i H / Zeeland jynf e ,f / Beatrixtygt0if/ rif;nDrif;om;rsm;/ e,fomveftpd;k &tzJ@G 0ifrsm;/ e,fomvef Middelburgòr@&Sd Nievwe Kerkbk&m;&Sc d ;kd ausmif;}u;D wGif usif;yjyKvkycf o hJ nf? d m;pk/ Edik if w H umrSzw d =f um;jcif;cH&olrsm;/ wuUov kd rf sm;rS ygarmuQ ESppf Ofusi;f yaomqkay;yJrG sm;udk orw}u;D Roosvelt.rdbrsm;arG;&yfajrjzpfaom bk&ifppfwyfro rs m ;/ Ed i k i f w H umvG w + f i r d ; f cs r ; f omcG i t h f zJ @ G / j r ef r mh ' r D u k d a&pD t if t m;pk (e,fomvef)ESihf e,fomvefEdkifiH Middelburgòr@ESihf Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt intitute zdw=f um;cH&olppk ak ygi;f 800 ausmw f ufa&mufco hJ nf? (aX;Edik /f e,fomvefMTK) wnf&&dS m tar&duefEikd if /H e,l;a,mufòr@wd@k Y wvSnphf jD yKvkyo f nf? c&D;&Snv f rf;av#mufyrGJ S « ,QKEpS t f wGuf vGwv f yfpmG ajymqdak &;om;xkwaf z:cGi(hf Freedom of speech and dk a&pDtzG@J csKyfa±G;aumufyt JG Ekid &f wJh 16 ESpf Expression)qkukd MexicanrdbESpy f g;rSzmG ;jrifol pma&;q&m Mr. Carlos Fuentesu cJh&mrSm “'Dae@[m trsKd;om;'Dru l a&G;cs,fwifajrmufv@dk tEkid &f cJw h hJ ‚/ vGwv f yfpmG ud;k uG,=f unfnKd cGi(hf Freedom of Worship)qkukd jyifopfEikd if &H dS ajrmuf ae@xl;ae@jrwfbjJ zpfw,f/ jynfou d m%mvGrJ ay;bJ rw&m;tm%modr;f xm;wJt h jyif NLDygwD0ifawGudk c&pf,mefbmoma&;tiftm;pkwckjzpfonfh Taize CommunityrSu‚/ qif;&JraGJ w tpk;d &ukt JG Ekid &f ygwDudk r_rv S w G v f yfciG (hf Freedom from Want)qkukd b*Fvm;a'h&EfS ikd if rH S tao;pm;aiGacs; enf;rsKd;pkeH @J zrf;qD;owfjzwfaer_awG &yfwrf;u&yfz@dk eJ@ a&G;aumufyt H @dk awmif;qkq d ENjy f yfciG ahf v;&yf(The Four tm%mvGaJ jymif;ay;bk@d NLDygwDudk tm;vk;H u 0ef;&Haxmufcb b%fxlaxmifol Dr. Muhammad YanusrS‚/ vGwv k if w H umtEkjrLpGr;f tifxed ;f csKyaf &;at*sipf ! D eG =f um;a&;rSL; Dr. &jcif;jzpfygw,fæ? 16 ESp=f umjri‡ ahf omfvnf; usaemfw@dk [m b,fawmhrS t±_;H ay; Freedoms)qkukd Edi aemufqw k rf mS r[kwb f J 'Dru dk a&pDwu dk yf u JG dk atmifjrifwt hJ xd qufvufwu dk yf 0GJ if l =hJ uonf? Mohamed El Baradeiu‚/ toD;oD;wufa&muf,c a=umuf±@HG jcif;rSvw G u f if;cGi(hf Freedom from Fear)qkukd jrefrmEdik if rH S jrefrm oGm;r,fqkdwm&,fæ/ trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyfukd axmufcHtm;ay;ae dk mukd *syefe@J urBmEh idk if t H oD;oD;uod&adS tmif owif;rD', D mrsm;rS/ tifwm jynforl sm; ppftm%m&Sipf epfrv S w G af jrmufa&;ESihf 'Dru kd a&pDa&;ar#mv f ifch surf sm;udk w,fqw eufrw S qifh od&+dS y;D usaemfw@dk &J@'Dru dk a&pDwu dk yf u JG dk atmifjrifonftxd 0kid ;f 0ef; vrf;jyOD;aqmifaeol a':atmifqef;pk=unftm; csD;jri‡ chf o hJ nf? H m;ay;aqmif±u G =f uygæ”vk@d ajym=um; oGm;cJyh gw,f? qkrcs;D jri‡ rhf DS Freedom Music Award&&Sd xm;aomOutsmarted aw;*DwtzG@J rS axmufct etzppftcGe±f ;Hk a&S@qE<jyyGu J dk nae(5;00)em&Dtxd usi;f yjyKvyk o f mG ;cJw h mjzpf The Major Life aw;oDcsif;jzifh *k%jf yKoDqc kd o hJ nf? tus,fcsKyfuscHae&onfh a': J adk ºu;a=umforH sm;jzifh ±kyo f rd ;f cJ=h ua=umif; wufa&mufvmoltiftm; atmifqef;pk=unftwGuq f u k kd tar&dueforw}u;D Roosvelt.ajr;jzpfol Franklin +y;D / qENjyyGu and Eleanor Roosevelt intituteygarmuQ Anna Eleanor Roosevelt rS qkcs;D jri ‡ &hf 300 cef@&Sad =umif;od&&dS ygw,f?

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

6

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

7

Moe Thauk Kye Journal uAsm

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aqGEikd f 10 05 2006

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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ar;? ? tckvkd jynfyudx k u G v f mwJt h cgrSm q&m}u;D &J@vkyif ef;pOftay: jynfyrSm ar;? ?q&m}u;D &J@vky&f yf[m ol&aJ umif;0g' emrnf}u;D csifv@kd / xifay:csifv@kd p &Sw d hJ 'Dru kd a&pDtiftm;pkawGu b,fvykd pkH rH sKd;eJ@ wke@f jyef=uygovJæ ajz? ? olw@kd u tm;vH;k 0dik ;f ulr,fv@kd ajymw,f? wcsKd@u usaemfu wef@xGiaf ewmvd@k ajymqkad e=uwJt h ay:rSma&mæ h kd bGw(f &S)f eJ@ awG@ygvm;? usaemfwdk@pDpOfay;r,f? [dkvleJ@awG@rvm;? 'DvleJ@awG@rvm; ajz? ? 'guawmhajymrSmyJ? taumif;vkyfaewJh &Sifa*gwrrSma'0'wf&Sdw,f? Jesus ChristrSm Judas-Iscariot&Sw d ,f/ *ED}N u;D udo k wfr,fv h &l w dS ,f? qvdik ;f ponfjzifh vmajym=uw,f? 'DvlawGeJ@awG@vdk@ usaemfwdk@Armjynf}uD;r f ,f? olw@kd ajym=urSmyJ? xGe;f oef;ubmrd@k vdv k æ J ´/ 'guu kd saemfExpectvkyw ajymif;vJEdkifbl;? usaemf emrnf}uD;csifvdk@vkyfw,fqdk&if usaemf@ae&mrSm0ifvkyfyg/ usaemfwdk@ArmawGu t"dutm;jzifh tar&duefudktm;udk;=uw,f? usaemfaemuf qkwaf y;ygr,fæ? cifAsm;wd@k bma=umifrh vkyo f vJv@kd usaemf r[kwzf ;l æ/ tJ'gr[kwzf ;l ? wjcm;r=unfeh @J / usL;bm;ud=k unh?f oef;a±$xuf rajymbl;? us aemfu Causeudak tmifjrifcsiw f m? 'Dvyk if ef;atmifjrifz@kd qd&k if rdu k u f ef;ao;w,f? tar&duefbmvkyEf ikd v f æ J / bmrSrvkyzf ;l ? 'd@k Armjynf “qvdik ;f xGe;f oef;æ/ tzd;k }u;D / cifAsm;rygeJ@æ? usaemfw@kd yJvyk rf ,fæ”qdk vmzdk@qdkwm a0;ao;w,f? usaemfwdk@u ‘oHCmtm; bk&m;rqefom’/ vnf;&w,f? usaemfah cgi;f ay:eif;+y;D vkyrf ,fqv kd nf;vkyyf g? b,fov l yk v f yk f ‘jynfwif;&if rif;jyKwfEikd w f ,f’qdw k m oabmaygufz@kd vdw k ,f? olw@kd eJ@r &w,f? od@k aomf 'Dvyk if ef;atmifjrifatmifawmh tm;vH;k 0dik ;f ul=uyg? rulyJ qufqb H J wygwaf vmufyaJ e=unh?f 'Dval wGrsuv f ;kH udjk yL;oGm;r,f? usaemf awmhraeygeJ@æ/ usaemfawmif;yefygw,fæ wd@k nDn! D w G ! f w $ ef @J vky=f unfyh g? jynfo@l tm;eJ@ olw@kd vkyif ef;awGvnfywf aemufwcsufu tckusaemf jynfyudak &mufw,f? &efyakH iGraumufb;l ? r_ukd &yfomG ;atmifvyk Ef ikd &f if olw@kd rsufv;kH udjk yL;oGm;r,f? 'gawmh usaemf &efyakH iGr&Smbl;? usaemf[v kd el @J awG@csiw f ,f? 'Dvel @J awG@csiw f ,fq+kd y;D usaemfh ,H=k unfw,fæ taeeJ@ usaemfyh *k Kd~ vfa&;a&S@wef;wif+y;D vkyrf ,fq&kd if usaemfvyk Ef ikd w f myJ? ar;? ? jynfyuae jrefrmjynf'rD u kd a&pD&&Sad &;twGuq f +kd y;D aºu;a=umfqENjyae±H/k usaemf'grsKd;rvkyb f ;l ? usaemfemrnf}u;D zd@k rvdb k ;l ? usaemfu aor,freS ;f StatementawGxw k /f LobbyawGvyk /f txdr;f trSwyf aGJ wGusif;yae±Hek @J xm;wJhvl/ emrnf}uD;wmtydkyJ? usaemfhwkdif;jynf ajymif;vJzdk@yJvdkw,fæ wdik ;f jynfajymif;vJvmvdrrhf ,fv@kd xifygovm;æ ajz? ? 'gawGvyk af e±Hek @J awmhr&bl;? 'gawmh usaemfaoaocsmcsm,H=k unfw,f? ar;? ?q&m}u;D &J@tckvyk af qmifcsuf[m jynfyrSm&Sw d hJ 'Dru kd a&pDta&;vkyaf qmif aeygw,fqw kd o hJ al wG=um;rSm tawmfav;v_yv f y_ &f mS ;&Sm;jzpfomG ;ygw,f? ckeu usaemfajymcJo h vdb k ?J jynfov l x l rk ygbJe@J bmrSr&bl;? usaemfu 'Dru kd a&pDppfwrf;aumufovdrk sKd;vnf;jzpfomG ;ygw,f? qdv k w kd mu 'Dru kd jynfyrSmae+y;D awmh jynfoal wGukd bmvkyv f u dk yf gæ/ nmvkyv f u kd yf gqd+k y;D rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

9

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

awG‹qHak r;jref;jcif; a&pDtvH±;_ aewJv h al wGæ/ aveJ@vkycf w k w f ;D aewJv h al wG&@J jcKH xm;wJh ta&cHaG wGukd cGmcsvdu k o f vd/k t&Sucf o GJ vdrk sKd;jzpfomG ;w,fv@kd ajym=u ygw,f? tJ't D ay:rSmaum q&m}u;D b,fvkd ,lqygovJæ us a emf b ,f o@l udrk t S &Surf cJyG gb;l ? olw@kd [molw@kd xifcsio f vdx k ifEikd yf g ajz? ? w,f? xifwmuawmh xifyikd cf iG &hf ydS gw,f? b,fou l rkd v S nf; vufnKd‡ ;rxd;k bl;? cifAsm;bma=umifrh vdu k o f vJv@kd rajymbl;? rar;bl;? tckcifAsm; usaemfh udk ar;cGe;f awGar;ar;ae+y;D wu,fawmh cifAsm;aumowd&W &dS ifvu dk yf gvm; vd@k ajymcsiw f ,fbq J =kd uygp@dk æ? usaemfrajymbl;? 'gu vlwa,mufcsi;f &J@ wu,fah pwemay:rSmrlwnfygw,f? vlawG[m ta=umufw&m;odyv f eG f vm&if qifjcifww kH &m;aysmufomG ;w,f(Fear Advance, Logic back away) oa&acwW&mjynf}u;D [m tJ'v D akd =umifyh sucf w hJ ,fv@kd ajym=uwm&Syd gw,f? 'guq kd ifjcifEikd zf @kd vdyk gw,f/ t"duuawmh ud, k v hf yd jf ymud, k o f ef@zd@k vdw k ,fæ

ajctaeqd;k wm? usaemfx h uf touf 12 ESp/f 13 ESpaf vmufi,fygw,f? olqkd ajcvSr;f av;ig;vSr;f avmufbv J rS ;f &ao;w,f? armvd@k qd+k y;D ab; wef;uav;udu k ikd +f y;D &yfae&w,f? 'Dval wGukd jyefrv$waf y;bl;? (2)tcsufu wdkif;&if;om;csif;aoG;pnf;nD!$wfa&;twGuf/ 'guvnf; axmifxrJ mS 'efaygufvmay;awmh ‘qvdik ;f xGe;f oef;/ qvdik ;f xGe;f oef;’qdk awmh “qvdik ;f qd&k ifr&bl;æ”vd@k ajymwm? qvdik ;f qdw k meJ@ usaemfr&cJb h ;l ? tJ'w D ek ;f u 'gudak wmfawmfcpH m;cJ&h w,fæ? (3)tcsuu f vGwv f yfpmG ud;k uG,cf iG t hf wGuw f u kd w f mæ? usaemfu h kd Bibler ay;bl;? 15 v/ 16 v=umwJt h xdr&zl;? b,frmS vJvw G v f yfpmG ud;k uG,cf iG hf qdkwm? c&pf,mefjzpfaevdk@ c&pf,mefbmomtwGufwdkufwmr[kwfzl;? usaemfA'k b < momjzpf&ifvnf; Ak'b < mompmtkyrf ay;vnf; usaemfwu kd rf mS yJ (4)tcsufu rpPwmyDn±J ;kd wd@k vmwke;f u olw@kd toHc;kd zrf;wJu h pd ?P tJ'g ol wd@k udu k saemfajymw,f? cifAsm;wd@k r&Suaf yr,hf usaemf&u S w f ,f? usaemfvl }u;D wa,muf/ ynm&Siw f a,muf/ Edik if w H umtodik ;f t0kid ;f eJ@ qufq&H mrSm usaemfrh suEf mS usaemf"g;eJ@vS;D ypfcsiaf vmufatmif&u S w f ,fv@kd ajymcJw h ,f? I.C.R.Cvmwkef;uvnf; “cifAsm;wdk@ppfwmrvdkcsifvdk@ uG,f&mrSmppfwm/ olwdk@jyefoGm;+yD;rS cifAsm;wdk@u bma=umifhusKyfwdk@udkppf&wmvJæ/ 'Dvdk aemufvHk;0rvkyfzdk@æ”wdkufwmyJæ

k hJ ar;? ?q&m}u;D &J@vkyaf qmifcsuf[m Auyua=unmxm;wJh 'Drkd 2006 qdw tay:rSm tajccHxm;+y;D vkyw f mvm;cifAsæ kd saemfajymr,fæ? usaemfuEdik if aH &;orm;r[kwb f ;l ? olrsm;a=u ajz? ? tJ'ghuu nmwmvJusaemfrodb;l ? udzk t D meefbmajymw,fqw kd mawmif usaemfrod bl;? usaemfu 'Dupd u P kd axmifxrJ mS uwnf;u jyifqifvmwm? usaemfwikd ;f jynf u xG u f v mwmaemuf u sawmh ol w d k @ eJ @ oG m ;wl a ewm kd ajccH+y;D tpmiwfcw H u kd yf 0GJ ifawmh atmifjrifco hJ vm;æ wdu k q f ikd w f myJjzpfw,f? wdik ;f jynfuxGuzf @kd ywf(pf)yd@k av#mufawmh olw@kd ar;? ? 'DtcsufawGut H ENjyvd@k 3§4 &uf&wJt h cg olw@kd usaemfq h v D m+y;D “q&m}u;D (etz)uajymw,f? wygwt f wGi;f &r,fv@kd ajymw,f? 'gayrJrh &bl;? 2 ESpf ajz? ? tpmiwfcq tpmjyefpm;ygæ/ q&m}u;D awmif;qdw k mawG usaemfw@kd tukev f u kd af vsmyg avmuf=umoGm;w,f? tar&duefo±H ;kH uvJ olrsm;awGav#mufawmh avsm w,f? aemifu'kd grsK;d rjzpfap&ygb;l æ? 'Dvv kd yk w f o hJ al wGuv kd nf; usaemfw@kd avsm±_±A_ ZD mxkwaf y;w,f? usaemfu h akd wmh ESp}f urd yf ,f+y;D oH;k }urd f ajrmufrS csufjcif;ta&;,lygr,fæ”vd@k ajymvmw,f? &w,f? &awmhvJ Health Insuranceawmif;awmh tJ'gvkyaf y;rS&w,f? “usaemfah =umifh b,fo@l udrk 'S u k rQ a&mufapcsifb;l ? b,fo@l udrk t S a&; tcuftcJtrsm;}u;D &Sw d ,f? tu,fIusaemfom 2004 ckEpS af vmufrmS ,lz@kd rvdb k ;l ? aemif'grsKd;rjzpfatmif vkyaf y;&ifawmf+yæ D ”vd@k usaemfajym xGuv f m&if usaemfutrsm;}u;D apm+y;D vkyEf ikd rf mS aygh? tckvkd aemufus+y;D w,f? olw@kd uvnf; “rjzpfap&ygbl;æ”vd@k uwday;w,f? 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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

10

awG‹qHak r;jref;jcif; r[kwzf ;l ? usaemftar&dum;rSmwke;f uawG@cJ&h w,f? 'Dv'l rD mS xdik &f if igrvm qvdik ;f xGe;f oef;ESit hf wl jyefawmf0if&ef zl; onfjzifh rnDr!$wv f yk =f uw,f? 'g[mrjzpfoifb h ;l ? rvkyt f yfb;l ? VerjrefrmADZmav#mufov l n S jfh yefc&hJ tically iguOuUX/ olutwGi;f a&;rSL;/ olvy kw f mr[kwb f ;l æ/ igvkyw f mrS rSew f ,fponfjzifh rvky=f uygeJ@? tm;vH;k [m &Jabmf&b J uftjzpf Horiq&m}u;D qvkid ;f xGe;f oef;. wkid ;f jynftay: ud, k u f sKd;pGe@f tepfemcHum vkyf zontal tvsm;vdu k pf ak ygif;+y;D wdu k =f uygæ? aqmifcsuu f kd axmufco H nft h aejzifh a':atmifqef;pk=unfarG;ae@jzpfaom ZGev f usaemfw@kd nDn! D w $ ! f w $ ef @J 0dik ;f vky=f u&if atmifuakd tmifjrif&rSmygvd@k yJ 19 &ufae@wGif q&m}u;D pDpOfxm;onht f wdik ;f 0wfpjkH zL0wfum jyefawmfjyeftwGuf rSmcsifygw,fæ *syefEikd if w H iG f Edik if aH &;'kuo Q nfAZD mjzifah exdik o f w l OD; wdu k sK/d &Sed m*g0g&dS jrefrmppft ar;? ?aemufq;kH ar;cGe;f taeeJ@ar;csifwmu q&m}u;D wdik ;f jynfjyefjcif;/ rjyefjcif;eJ@ cGe±f ;kH od@k ADZmoGm;avsmuf&m jiif;y,fjcif;cH&a=umif;od&&dS onf? trnfrazmfvo kd l tqdyk gyk*Kd~ vfu “usaemf ZGev f 1 &ufae@ eHeuf 10;30 ajz? ?ygwfouf+y;D jzpfay:vmEdik w f t hJ usKd;qufawGtay: q&m}u;D b,fvakd r#mf em&Davmufu oH±;kH (tcGe±f ;kH a&S)› udak &mufomG ;wmyg? usaemfe@J twl tazmftjzpf vifx h m;ygovJæ nD i,fwOD;vnf;ygygw,f? ol@udak c:oGm;&wmuvnf; usaemfw@kd jrefrmoH±;kH t0rSm usaemfwikd ;f jynfujkd yefwt hJ cg ol@wd@k usaemfu h kd owfEikd w f ,f? ESyd pf uf n‡i;f hJ u l jrefrmvlrsK;d r[kwaf wmh bmompum;tcuftcJt& tultnD yrf;r_trsK;d rsK;d vkyEf ikd w f ,f? t&ifwacguv f akd wmh qufq=H urSm r[kwb f ;l vd@k wm0efuswo awmif ; zd @ k ac:oG m;wmyg? t&ifuawmh jrefrmvlrsKd;awG tvSnefh @J wm0ef,+l y;D t ar#mv f ifw h ,f? jynf0ifciG rhf ay;yJ xm;wmrsK;d vJvyk Ef ikd w f mbJ? bmyJvyk v f yk f usaemfhudk EkwfEkwfpif;+yD; acG;au|;au|;/ 0ufau|;au|; vkyfcsifwmvkyf ayguaf pmifyh gw,f? aemufyikd ;f awmh 'Da&Sr› mS aewdik ;f qENjyae=uawmh rapmif&h =J u vdk@qdk+yD; jrefrmpum;vHk;0em;rvnfwJh vlrsKd;wOD;/ usaemfhwdk@txif zdvpfydkifvm; Edik w f ,f? 'Dwacguf tavmif;udk rde;f ray;zd@k rvdak wmhb;l æ D u l taygufapmifw h ,f? usaemfw@kd wdik ;f jynf[m vli,fawG&@J t±d;k awG/ taoG;awG/ tom;awG qH;k rav;&Sm;vm;bJæ? tJ'v us a emf w @ k d u aumif ; aumif ; rG e r f e G e f @ J ‘j r ef r mjynfjyefz@kd twGuf ADZmvmav#muf ±H;_ ysufp;D cJ&h wm rsm;vS+y?D paw;cJ=h uwmrsm;vS+y?D usaemfw@kd vl}u;D awG&@J d hJ jrefrmwOD;udk zke;f quf+y;D ac:ay;w,f? aemuf taoG;/ tom;/ t±d;k awGpaw;=uzd@k tvSnafh &muf+y?D vli,fawG&@J taoG; wmygæ’vd@k ajymawmh txJrmS &Sw awmh j r ef r mwOD ; xG u v f m+ y ; D ywf pyd@k ygvm;vd@k ar;awmh usaemfw@kd udk *syeftpd;k &u tom;awG/ xyf+y;D tqH;k ±H;_ rcHEikd af wmhb;l ? 'DtwGuf t&if;tES;D tjzpf usaemf f kd ay;vdu k f jynfyEdik if x H u G &f if xkwaf y;xm;wJh Re-enty Traval Documentpmtkyu u p˜+yD;xGuf vdkufwmyJæ w,f ? ol u usaemf p h mtk y u f = k d u nh + f y ; D ‘j r ef r mpmtk y r f &S b d ; l vm;æ/ 'D p mtk y r f sKd ; ud k “wa,mufa,mufuawmh Sacrificevky&f rSmyJæ” f ;l ’vd@k ajymw,f? ,Of,Ofaus;aus;ygyJ? 'guawmh wdik ;f jynfujkd yef&if jzpfvmEdik w f t hJ usK;d qufe@J usaemfjh yifqifry_ ?J usaemfw@kd ADZmxkwrf ay;Edik b kd af wmh oH;k vd@k us a emf u vnf ; j r ef r mywf pyd@k pmtkyu f 'DrmS Refugeeav#mufvu tJæusaemfrjyefjzpfb;l qd&k ifawmh a&qif;pdu k yf sK;d a&;wuUov kd yf garmuQcsKyf r&awmhv@kd *syeftpd;k &uxkwaf y;wJh pmtkyef @J bJ oGm;vmae&wmyg? b,fEikd if o H mG ; a[mif; ‘a'gufwmqvdik ;f atmif}u;D ’jzpfomG ;rSmayghæ oGm; oGm;vdk@&ygw,fvdk@ aumif;aumif;rGefrGefjyef&Sif;jyygw,f? oluawmh usaemfw@kd ADZmray;Edik yf gbl;qd+k y;D ajymwmeJ@ jyefc&hJ wmygæ”[k ajym=um;cJo h nf? vGecf o hJ nfh ESp&f ufausmu f vnf; q&m}u;D qvdik ;f xGe;f oef;ESihf xdik ;f wGiq f akH wG@ &eftwGuf xdkif;oH±Hk;odk@oGm;um xdkif;ADZmav#mufolwOD;udk wv=umrnfjzpf a=umif;ajym=um;jcif;cHc&hJ a=umif;vnf; od&&dS onf? ,cktcg *syefEikd if w H iG f q&m}u;D qvdik ;f xGe;f oef;.vky&f yfukd axmufco H nfh taejzifh q&m}u;D vkyif ef;pOfwiG f rdrw d @kd wufEikd o f nhzf ufrS 0dik ;f 0ef;vkyaf qmif&ef twGuf jyifqifae=ua=umif;ESihf tedrq hf ;kH tqift h aejzifh q&m}u;D .arwWm&yfccH suf wckjzpfaom a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd tus,cf sKycf sccH &hJ onfh paeae@wdik ;f wGif tdrf jyifrxGuf&eftwGuf jrefrmjynf&Sd [email protected];pkrsm;xH w,fvDzkef;qufI rSm=um;ae=ua=umif;vnf; od&&dS onf? (armif&iS -f bm;rm;rD', D mowif;axmuf)

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±Gurf mS {uefrck sjzpfayonf? touf(80)em;a&mufae+yjD zpfaom q&m}u;D a'guw f mqvdik ;f xGe;f oef;. tif wdik ;f jynf'rD u kd a&pD&,lajymif;vJa&;twGuf jynfyacgi;f aqmif}u;D rsm;.yck;H ay: wmAsL;wGif jynfyacgi;f aqmif}u;D rsm; jynfyY+ird ahf e+y;D jynforl sm;udk bmvkyv f u kd f wGif usa&mufvm+yjD zpfygaoma=umifh jynfyacgif;aqmif}u;D rsm;/ tzG@J toD;oD;rS nmvkyv f u kd cf ikd ;f pm;aeonfukd c%wma&mufvmaomq&m}u;D yif od&o dS mG ;onf? OuUX}u;D rsm; emrnfczH @JG xm;±kEH iS hf acgif;aqmifjzpfrvmay// acgif;aqmif;yDyD acgif; b,fae&murSe;f rod qENjyae±kEH iS hf bmrSjzpfrvmay? ulygnyD g vdu k af wmif;ae a&SmifraebJ a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd wu,fcspf/ wu,fav;pm; wu,fwefz;kd ±kEH iS v hf nf; rnforl rS ulnyD g? pm;zd@k aomufz@kd ay;wm,lum auseyfaev#if wae@ xm;v#if a':atmifqef;pk=unfvrf;pOftwdik ;f ay;qyftESpef mcHro S m wdik ;f jynf'rD kd acgif;aqmif}u;D rsm; jynfo@l udn k mpm;/ wdik ;f jynfuakd &mif;pm;olrsm;tjzpf (etz) ua&pD&&Srd nfukd rsuf0g;xifxifawG@jrifae&+y;D jzpfI a':atmifqef;pk=unfvw G f ESihftwl ordkif;w&m;cH jzpfoGm;Edkifygonf? jynfwGif;teft,fvf'Drvnf; ajrmufa&;/ 'Dru kd a&pD&&Sad &;twGuf tajymr[kw/f vufawG@jyo&ef a':atmif ay;qyfEikd o f nfrsm;udk tpGr;f ukeaf y;qyfaeonfrmS tm;tifuek cf ef;aeay+y?D qef;pk=unfarG;ae@wGif a':atmifqef;pk=unfvw G af jrmufa&;/ 'Dru kd a&pD&&Sad &; od@k twGuf wdu k yf 0JG ifrnf[k tpOfrjywfaºu;a=umfae=uaom jynfya&muf twGuf q&m}u;D a'gufwmqvdik ;f xGe;f oef;ESit hf wl *|ef(19)&ufrmS tm;jznfu h m acgif;aqmif}u;D rsm;/ tzG@J toD;oD;rSacgif;aqmifrsm;/ wae@aiGpm&if;rsm;&Si;f v#if vdu k yf g=uv#if jynfyacgif;aqmif}u;D rsm;/ tzG@J toD;oD;rSOuUX}u;D rsm; wm0ef vnf; w&m;cHjzpfrnft h wlwl ordik ;f w&m;cHrjzpfap&ef jynfyacgif;aqmif}u;D rsm;/ ausyGerf mS jzpfonft h wGuf q&m}u;D a'gufwmqvdik ;f xGe;f oef;ESit hf wl wdik ;f jynf tzG@J toD;oD;rSOuUXrsm;taejzifh q&m}u;D a'gufwmqvdik ;f xGe;f oef;ESit hf wl jynf twGuf acgif;aqmifyyD D acgif;ra&SmifbJ ordik ;f ay;wm0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmif=urnf wGi;f jyef0ifygu Edik if w H umrS [d;k av;wa=umfa=umfjzpfum Edik if w H umzdtm;rsm;ESihf [k ,k=H unfonft h wdik ;f vdu k yf gay;qyf=u&ef av;pm;=unf!pkd mG jzpf wdu k w f eG ;f twl urBmu h v k or*~rS tvGwo f abmaqG;aEG;+y;D jzpfI csufjcif;ta&;,laqmif vdu k yf gonf? aX;aZmf(tif;0) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

11

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

twˆKy`wadW qmif;yg;

q&mjroef;wifh&J‹ aumufa=umif;wcsKd@ udka*s

(1) “bJ}u;D (wcgw&HrmS q&mjroef;wifh ukd q&mOD;atmifoif;u tJovkad c:yg w,f) cifAsm;b,fvadk jymvku d w f mvJAs/ cifAsm;pm&if;xJrmS OD;atmifqef;rygbl; [kwfvm;æ” “OD;atmifqef;vkyfwJhtvkyfawGukd cifAsm;vkyfEkdifw,fvkd@ cifAsm;ukd,fcif Asm;cH,lxm;w,f[kwfvm;æ” “cifAsm;ukduefawmhw,fAsmæ” “'DrmS oufaoawG&adS ewke;f usaemf atmifoif;u ukjd roef;ukd [J'h D &efuek -f rEWav;tjref&xm;ay:rSm tJovkdxkdif uefawmhygw,fAsmæ”qkd+yD; q&mjr oef;wifu h dk q&mOD;atmifoif;u &xm; =urf;jyifay:ykHvsufxkdif+yD; OD;okH;}udrfcs uefawmhcw hJ mukjd rifa,mifaerdw,f? 'Dtjzpftysujf zpfcw hJ mu 1997 ar vv,frmS jzpfcw hJ myg? aEGOwkrmS &moD jyif;wJt h wGuf &efuek u f ae ar+rKd @ukd pm a&;q&mwpk c&D;txGurf mS 'DZmwfvrf; av;jzpfcw hJ myg? tJ'w D ek ;f u &efuek -f rEWav;tjref& xm; txl;tdypf ifo;D oef@wGw J wGrJ mS t wlvkdufygc&D;wl xGufcJholawGuawmh/ uG,fvGefoGm;+yDjzpfwJh pma&;q&m}uD; q&mjroef;wif/h pma&;q&m pmaya0 zefa&;q&m}u;D q&mOD;atmifoif;/ u Asmq&m}u;D wifr;dk / pma&;q&mwifaqG rk;d eJ@ pma&;olw@dk jzpfygw,f? tJ'Dc&D;pOfrSm usaemfwkd@wawG[m Ekid if aH &;eJ@ pmayudpaP wGajymcJah qG;aEG; jzpfc=hJ uygw,f? txl;ojzifah wmh pum; 0kid ;f wkid ;f ukd Ekid if aH &;ta=umif;t&mawG u v$rf;rkd;xm;wwfygw,f? q&mjroef;wifu h ol@taeeJ@ jrefrmh Ekid if aH &; orkid ;f pOfawGt& olav;pm;wJh Ekid if aH &;acgif;aqmif 3 OD;&Sw d ,f? (1) q&m}u;D ocifu, dk af wmfri_d ;f / (2) ocifoef;xGe;f / (3) a':atmifqef;pk=unfwkd@vkd@ ajymcJh

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jrLepfawG Akv d cf sKyfurdk }uKd ufb;l qkw d mu t&rf;ukrd odomvGe;f bl;vm;æ” vk@d q &mOD;atmifoif;u yGiyhf iG v hf if;vif; jyef vnfacsycJyh gw,f? aemufq;Hk awmh q&mjroef;wif[ h m ol@xkH;pHtwkdif; xdyfwkdufawG@a&;jy\ emukad &Smifv+J$ y;D “ukad tmifoif; cifAsm; tawmfr;l ae+y/D tdyaf wmhæ”qkw d hJ pum; ukpd ajymum q&mOD;atmifoif;t&if q &mjroef;wifu h tdy, f m0ifomG ;cJyh gw,f? (2) tJ'aD e@u Ak'[ < ;l ae@jzpfygw,f? bmh a=umifv h q J adk wmh usaemf[m Ak'[ < ;l ae@ awGqdk prf;acsmif;ukad &mufaeusjzpfwm &,fæ/ a&mufwidk ;f q&mjroef;wifq h t D &if0if+y;D awmhrS q&mOD;atmifoif; Ak'< [l;pum;0kid ;f ukd ul;ae=ujzpfaevk@d rSwrf d aewmyg? q&mjroef;wifhqD0ifvkdufw,fqkd &ifyJ q&mjroef;wifu h “aumif;vku d w f m/ tcsdeu f u dk yf AJ s” qkw d phJ um;ukd ajymvmwma=umif/h q&m jroef;wifrh mS jy\emwcke@J &ifqidk af e& +yq D w dk mukd odvu dk yf gw,f? q&mjroef;wifu h ol&ifqidk af e&wJh jy\emwckta=umif;&Si;f jyw,f? tJ'guawmh pma&;q&m ppfAv dk w f if oef;OD;tygt0if/ axmufvrS ;f a&; t&m &Sad [mif; Akv d cf sKyaf usm0f if;eJ@aygi;f +y;D pm a&;q&mawGudk pnf;±k;H a&;qif;aewJ*h sm e,form;ESpOf ;D ol@qDa&mufvmw,f? vmwJt h a=umif;u jr0wD±yk §f oHu ae pmayta=umif;aqG;aEG;cef;±ku d cf sif wmukv d mpnf;±k;H wm? 'Dupd u P o dk @l tae eJ@ tjywfrjiif;cJhayr,fhpdwfxJrSmawmh ppfwyf0g'jzef@±kyo f v H idk ;f ay:rSm ol@±kyef @J toHut dk ygrcHEidk b f ;l ? 'Dawmh &ufyidk ;f t wGi;f c&D;wckut dk jrefq;Hk pDpOf+y;D xGu=f u &atmifvkd@ajymvmw,f? q&mjroef;wift h vku d stwkid ;f c&D; pOfwckukd tjrefqkH;pDpOf+yD;xGufcJh=u w,f? c&D;pOfwav#mufv;Hk rSm ppfwyf bufu ol@ukd r=umc%qko d vkd pnf;±k;H odrf;oGif;wmawGvkyfaewJhtwGuf ol &ifqkdifae&wJhtcuftcJawGta=umif;

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

ajymvmw,f? tJ't D xJu txif&mS ;qk;H wcku rD;& xm;0ef}uD;a[mif;OD;0if;pdefeJ@ q&mjr oef;wif=h um;xJu jy\emjzpfygw,f? “rD ; &xm;uvk y f w J h pmayeJ @ ywf oufwyhJ aJG wGq&dk if OD;0if;pdeu f ol@ab; rSmxkid zf @dk tjraJ c:w,f? usaemfuvJ tJ'D vlab;rSm wcgrSurdk xkid jf zpfcb hJ ;l ? tJ'D awmh OD;0if;pdeu f bmajymw,frw S o f vJ/ q&mu usaemfhab;rSmvmrxkdifwm q&mhval wGtxifvrJG mS qk;d vk@d vm;æ”qkd wJh pum;awGudk OD;0if;pdeu f ol@ukad jymcJh wJt h a=umif;ukd q&mjroef;wifu h jyef vnfajymjycJw h ,f? “usaemft'J v D al wGvyk w f yhJ aJG wGwuf wm/ usaemfeh mrnfudk olw@dk aumfrwDxJ xnfx h m;wmawGtay: cifAsm;wk@d tjrif ukad jymygOD;Asæ”qkw d hJ ar;cGe;f rsKd;awGudk vJ q&mjroef;wifu h ar;wwfygw,f? “ukdjroef;aemfæ/ tckvkd 'Daumif awGeJ@ a&maxGa&maxGvkyfaewmawG [m pmzwfy&dowfu cifAsm;rk@d atmifh tD;oD;cHaewm? tJ'DtzGJ@(OD;0if;pdefeJ@ aygi;f wJph ma&;q&mawG)qkd b,fou l rS tjrif=unfwmr[kwb f ;l æ”vkd@ pma&; q&m}u;D wOD;ua0zefcw hJ mukv d J rSwrf d aeygw,f? (3) q&mjroef;wif[ h m ppftyk pf b k ufu zdw=f um;wJyh aJG wGqdk a&Smif&mS ;vk@d &or# ukd a&Smif&mS ;wwfojl zpfovk/d aemufq;Hk r v$o J mvk@d wufa&muf&wJyh v JG rf;awGqdk &ifvJ ay:ay:xifxifr[kwb f J cyfa&Smif a&Smifaewwfojl zpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh 'Drdkua&pDorm;awGbuf uusif;ywJyh v JG rf;awGe@J Ekid if aH &;orm; awGeJ@awG@qkH&r,fhyGJawGqkd tifrwef wufwufºuºu&Sw d hJ olwOD;jzpfw,fqdk wmukd ol@&J@rdwaf qGwidk ;f u vufcx H m; wJyh *k Kd~ vfwOD;jzpfygw,f? txl;ojzifh trsKd ;om;'Dru dk a&pDtzG@J csKyu f vkyaf vh&w dS hJ trsKd ;om;atmifyaJG e@ vkyd v JG ef;rsKd ;ukd oGm;&awmhr,fq&dk if ole@J eD;pyfolwkdif;ukd tJ'DyGJukdoloGm;r,fht a=umif;eJ@ EkdifiHa&;0goemygwJhvli,f awGtaeeJ@vJ wufa&mufoifhwJht a=umif; ajymavh&ydS gw,f? ‘vlxak xmufcrH &_ aewJyh gwDe@J vlxk axmufcrH a_ y;aewJyh *k Kd~ vfqw dk m tJ'D wkid ;f jynf&@J ar#mfvifch sufwckjzpfw,f? pmrsufEmS 24 od@k «

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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acgif;aqmifaumif; a&;ol-armifoef;0if; ,cktygwaf ywd;k vmaomtcg u|Eykf u f aywd;k udek nf;enf;qGay;vdu k o f nfEiS hf ay wdk;uajymjyefavawmhonf? aywdk;? ? rif;uar;vd@k ajym&tH;k r,f? 'd@k udo k mrmefval wGu b,fvEkd ikd if aH &; acgi;f aqmifrsK;d udk ,H, k =kH unf=unfe@J av;pm;±dak o+y;D b,fo@l aemuf udk vdu k &f rvJqw kd m? OyrmtaeeJ@ajym&&ifumG - wkid ;f jynfe@J vlrsKd; om,m0ajymcsrf;omaewJt h csderf mS ud, k óf uufwt hJ ,l0g'eJ@ ud, k f óuufwahJ cgi;f aqmif&@J aemufuv kd u kd v f @kd bmrSrjzpfayrJh wdik ;f jynfe@J vl axGe@J &S=d urSmbJ? ta&;}u;D wmu vrf;av#muf&if;vrf;raysmufz@kd bJ? rsK;d 'kuaQ wGcpH m;ae&wJt h csed rf mS t&nftcsi;f t&Sq d ;kH / tepfemtcHq;kH / vky&f if;udik &f if;eJ@ tuGuaf wGawG@+y;D tjynfjynfqikd &f mu axmufyHh apwemtjynfq h ;kH acgif;aqmifwOD;xJ&@J aemufuv kd u kd &f vdrrhf ,fæ a=u;awGukd t=ut H zefprD u H ed ;f / pDrcH suaf wGjy+y;D nmpm;+y;D jzef@awmif; u|Efyk ?f ? 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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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-um;vdu k &f aomtoHrsm; rd;k aomuf=u,ft,f'w D mrif;wd@k a&æ jynfuae *syefEikd if u H kd tvnfAZD m(14 &ufaexdik cf iG )hf eJ@ vloiG ;f pm;+y;D a&mufvmwJh usef;cHomvd@k rmygp? olreS o f r#ukd qENjyyJaG wGyrkH eS jf yKvyk af ewJh tcGe±f ;kH a&S@udk ac:oGm;ygw,f? aemuf+y;D &if usaemft h xif t,f'w D mrif;rsm;u òr@arwWmudck , H al ewJo h m;awGqakd wmh use;f jrefrmjynfuwnf;u toifo h ,fvmcdik ;f wJh yifet D usw ô @kd / ucsiyf q k ;kd wd@k udk tcGe±f ;kH rmyuwd csr;f ompGm&Srd ,fv@kd ,k=H unfygw,f? usaemfom ruse;f rmvd@k vrf;wum ab;em;uyef;jcrH mS vJcikd ;f +y;D qENjyaewJo h al wGe@J a&mum tm;}uKd ;rmefwuf vufo;D roGm;jzpfbJ t,f'w D mrif;rsm;xHpmra&;jzpfwm ESpaf vausmfomG ;+yx D ifygw,f? vufarmif;wef;aewJh "gwfyrkH sKd;awGukd ±du k cf ikd ;f ygw,f? wcsKd@qd&k if jrefrmjynfu tckwavm tzrf;tqD;uvnf; =urf;aew,fr[kwv f m;? b,favmuftxd wnf;u teft,fv'f t D zJ@G xJ0ifcikd ;f +y;D toif;0ifu'fjym;awGawmifvyk cf ikd ;f w,fv@kd awmif=urf;ovJqkd t,f'w D mrif;rsm;aewJh bmbmblwmrSm n}u;D tcsderf awmf od&ygw,f? ADZmukezf @kd oH;k av;&uftvdak vmufusrmS xH;k pHtwkid ;f jyef&if tEW&m,f 12;30 txdawmif t&yf0wfe@J &JawGu ‘0’awGuzkd rf;aewke;f bJAs? &Sv d @kd qd+k y;D *syefv0urSm &jzL*sw D ifcikd ;f owJ?h &jzL*sw D ifwmjy\emr&Sad yrJh tpu 'gayrJAh smæ usaemfw@kd jrefrmjynfzmG ; omuDE, G 0f ifvrl sk;d rsm;u tzrf;cH&wmeJ@ wnf;uEdik if aH &;cH,cl sufr&Sb d J rawmft&ifvrkd sKd; ESpef @J csD+y;D zrf;vd@k jyefomG ;&ifjzifh wòyifeuf ‘acwfro DS w l ikd ;f &jzL*sDav#muf=u+y;D av#mufonho f w l ikd ;f ESpv f ESijhf yef wu,fvyk af eolawGtwGuf rawG;&Jp&mygbJaemfæ v$wu f m u,fvzD ;kd rif(h ,m,DtmrcHaexdik cf iG )hf pm±Gurf sm;udik x f m;=uonf’ qdw k hJ em&D0ufqEkd pS Ef pS cf GJ olawGursm;aeawmh tdAk mwdik q f if;+y;D rD;&xm;blwmawGrmS aemufq;kH tcsed t f xd aemufowif;wckuawmh &,f&rvm;æ id&k rvm;æ 'grSr[kwf tJ'aD vmuf apmifzh rf;aewJ&h aJ wGcr#m jrefrmawGurkd rdbJ wjcm;vlrsKd;awGuo kd m zrf;rdwmrsm; awmifbJnHh&ovm;vdk@ajym&r,fvdk@xifygw,f? tJ'Dtjzpftysufuawmh tdrf w,fv@kd od&w,f? wcgwav wGuaf jcrudu k v f @kd vuf}u;D bJjyefomG ;&wmrsm;yg axmif&w dS jhJ refrmtrsK;d orD;wa,mufta=umif;yg? tdrrf mS &Sw d u hJ av;udo k yd &f if; ol w,f? cs;D usL;p&maumif;wmu usaemfw@kd jrefrmjynfu&JawGvrkd sK;d ‘ig;r& a&csK;d jyef vnf; vifawmfarmifjyeftvmudk tdrfwHcg;rydwfrdbJ tdyfxmxJuae vJSavsmif; r,f’ qdw k phJ w d "f gwfr&Sw d m? &if;apmifah eygowJ?h tJ't D csed rf mS *syefvrl sK;d wa,mufu tdycf ef;xJtxd0ifvmum wdik ;f jynfwjynfw;kd wufr[ _ m tJ'w D ikd ;f jynfrmS &J@wJv h al wG&@J pdw"f gwfe@J tusifh ab;em;rSm0iftyd o f wJ?h jrefrf mtrsKd;orD;uawmh ol@a,musFm;jyefvmw,fxif+y;D pm&dwu W ta&;ygovdk wdik ;f jynfwjynfuzkd sufq;D csif&ifvnf; ppfwu kd pf &mrvdb k J xr=unhb f J quftyd af eowJ?h aemufawmh tJ'*D syeftrsKd;om;u tdy&f mxJ0if+y;D tJ'w D ikd ;f jynfrmS &Sw d hJ rsKd;qufopfvil ,fawGukd raumif;wJph w d "f gwfe@J rrSeu f efwhJ cyfwnfwnfe@J 0iftyd af ewm em&D0uf}u;D rsm;awmif=umowJq h b kd ?J aemufawmh tusifph m&dwaW wGjzpfay:vmatmifzefw;D ay;vdu k ±f ykH ?J ouFmruif;jzpfwmeJ@ rD;zGi+hf y;D ppfaq;=unfah wmhrS ud, k af ±$*syefjzpfaeawmh *kwq f GJ [J- [J- [J- 'Dvakd &;vdu k v f @kd usaemfrsK;d }u;D 'Daumifav}u;D rd;k }u;D ajymw,fv@kd xm;+y;D ab;ywf0ef;usifukd atmf[pftultnDawmif;+y;D zrf;vdu k o f wJ?h c%=um rxifeJ@aemf? usaemfzwfzl;wJh pma&;q&mewfarmufbkef;ausmfa&;wJh ‘vl}uD;vl awmh &Jvm+y;D zrf;oGm;um w&m;pJaG xmifcsvu kd w f t hJ wGuf axmifEpS Ef pS cf u GJ somG ;yg aumif;’pmtkyx f u J ESpo f ufwphJ mom;av;ukd jyefvnfazmufo,fcsvdu k w f myg? w,f? bmbJajymajym tdraf xmif&w dS o hJ yl jJ zpfjzpf/ wa,mufxaJ ewJo h al wGyjJ zpfjzpf uJygæ usaemfrsKd;}u;D vJ ud, k 'hf ikd af wGvw G af ewmeJ@ vd&k if;ra&mufbjJ zpfrmS qdv k @kd tcsdeyf q kd if;csifwhJ cyfa=umifa=umifoal wG&@J &efuu kd muG,zf @kd twGuf tdycf geD;rSm ESpv f pmaygif;+y;D [dw k p/ 'Dwp =um;vdu k &f wJt h oHrsm;udk a&;yd@k vdu k &f &ifjzifæ h wHcg;awGuakd oaocsmcsmydwx f m;=uygvd@k rSm=um;yg&apæ aemufq;kH ay:aexdi k fcGi a hf v#mufenf; *syefa&muf a±$jrefrmrsm; &Jb,ma0;uGmI pdwaf t;csr;f ompGm tdyEf ikd yf gapvd@k OD;pGmyxra&yef;pm;aewJhowif;wckuawmh *syefEdkifiHrSm ADZm=um=um&zdk@ qkawmif;vsuftwGuf vloiG ;f pm;aewJh vlypGJ m;awG&@J ‘*Gi’f ta=umif;wckyg? tJ'guawmh jrefrm armeif;pwm;wifpdk; License No.835

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av,mOfvufrw S cf udk ±H;k cef;od@k vma&mufay;acs+y;D av;&uftwGi;f av,mOfvufrw S f xkw, f El ikd yf gonf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

14

xdik ;f Edik if rH aS y;yd‹k aomowif; wGuf tjrwftpGe;f yJjzpfygw,f? xdik ;f Edik if u H kd trsm;qH;k 0ifa&mufvmwJh trsK;d orD;eJ@ uav;oli,fawG&ŒJ touf udk ajym&r,fq&kd if trsK;d orD;qd&k if (14)ESpu f ae touf(22)rsm;w,f? cav;qd&k if (8)ESpf txufrsm;ygw,f? rsm;aomtm;jzifh olwdk@tvkyfvkyf&wmu tdrfaz: awGtjzpf/ aps;a&mif;olawGtjzpf/ tr_u d af umufoal wGtjzpf/ um&mtdak uqdik u f vd i u f |ef a wG t j z pf / tES y d c f ef ; rS a zsmf a j z ol a wG t j z pf tvk y v f y k = f u &ygw,f ? Myint Mo Media(ar 29&uf) 'Dvt kd a&mif;pm;cH&wJh trsKd;orD;eJ@cav;i,fawGe@J ywfouf+y;D awmhðyvkycf w hJ hJ World VisiontzJ@G uae+y;D xdi k ;f -jrefrme,fpyfwav#mufrmS jzpfysuaf ewJh jrefrm GJ &&Scd suaf wGukd jyefveS o f ;kH oyf+y;D twlwuGjy\emawGukd ajz&Si;f trsK;d orD;rsm;eJ@ uav;oli,fawGe@J ywfouf+y;D vluek u f ;l aewJt h ajctaeawGukd ES;D aESmzvS,yf u World Vision tzJ@G u ajymqdo k mG ;cJyh gw,f? vk y a f qmif o m G ;= u r,f v @ k d arv 29 &ufae@uae 30 &ufae@txd/ 2 &ufwm ES;D aESmzvS,yf ðGJ yvkycf &hJ mrSm xdik ;f &J/ ppfwyf/ +rKd Œydik &f ;kH / jrLeDpy,f&;kH / rJaqmufaq;&H}k u;D ESihf vluek u f ;l r_wu kd zf suf aoG;opfausmif;wm0efcaH y;yd‹k vmonhf tultnDawmif;cHpm a&;vkyaf qmifae=uwJ@ jrefrmvlr@_ tzJ@G tpnf;rsm; wufa&mufc=hJ uygw,f? World VisiontzJ@G Eki d Of xdik ;f plp&D du jrefrmtrsdK;orD;eJ@uav;awG vluek u f ;l cH &wmeJ@ywfouf+y;D oH;k oyfcsuw f ckwifoiG ;f &mrSm jrefrmvlrsK;d awG&ŒJ pD;yGm;a&;jy\ em/ vlra_ &;jy\em/ ynmenf;r_jy\em/ &yfwnfa&;tcuftcJawGa=umifh vluek f ul;r_jy\emay:aygufvm&w,fv@kd oH;kH oyfomG ;cJyh gw,f? Dear All of My Friends,

vlukefu;l r_yaysmufa&;eJ‹ywfouf+yD; b,fvdkyl;aygif;aqmif&Guf=urvJ

ES;D aESmzvS,yf w GJ ufa&mufvm=uolrsm;

tckq&kd if xdik ;f Edik if x H u J kd &efuek òf r@/ u&ifjynfe,f/ rGejf ynfe,fxu J vlxak wG[m e,fpyfwav#muf cd;k vrf;awGuwqifh xdik ;f Edik if x H u J kd toD;oD;0ifa&mufvm=uyg w,f? rdbawGuvnf; pD;yGm;a&;tqifrajywJt h wGuf om;orD;awGukd xdik ;f Edik if rH mS tvkyv f yk zf @kd twGuf vlypGJ m;awGvufrmS tyfEcHS =Jh uw,f? aiG&&if Armjynfukd jyefy@kd cdik ;f w,f/ xdik ;f rSm vkyt f m;caiGenf;enf;yJ&ayrJh ArmaiGe@J vJ&if aiGwefz;kd uGm[r_ a=umifh trsm;}u;D &ovd, k q l w,f? wu,fawmh Armjynfom;awG&ŒJ vkyt f m;cawG [mxdik ;f Edik if rH mS yJuek o f mG ;=uwmrsm;ygw,f? bma=umifv h q J akd wmh jr0wDuae rJ aqmufudkvm&if u,f&Dcbwf(1000) ay;&ygw,f ? Takt xd q d k & if a wmh (10000)bwfusygw,f? ypPvGwftxd qdk&ifawmh u,f&Dc(14000)bwfusyg w,f? euGepf eG 0f rftxda&mufr,fq&kd if awmh bwf (16000)ay;&ygw,f? zl;cuf vlypGJ m;awGa=umifh txdqdk&ifawmh bwf(24000) ay;&yg w,f? olw@kd wawG[m 'Dvt kd qifq h ifo h mG ;wJt h cgrmS vrf;c&D;u tcuftcJ&ydS gw,f? cd;k wufwhJ twGuf tzrf;tqD;cH&olawGvnf;&Syd gw,f? vGwo f mG ;=ujyefawmhvnf; u,f&aD =u;u tqrwefay;&ygw,f? 'DaiGawGukd b,fvekd nf;eJ@ay;&ovJq&kd if tvky&f iS x f rH mS vlypGJ m;u vpOfyrkH eS f vm,lygw,f? tvkyo f rm;uawmh vkyt f m;cr&ao;yJ ESpef @J csDu|efc+H y;D awmh ay; qyf&ygw,f? 'Dawmh olw@kd &JŒvkyf tm;c[m Armjynfukd jyefa&muf zd@k qdw k m tawmfc, J Of;oGm;ygw,f? wu,fawmh 'DaiGawGu&kd wm ESpEf ikd if t H pd;k &awGyjJ zpfw,f? jrefrm jynfoal wG tqifrajyvd@k xdik ;f Edik if H udk 0ifa&mufvmwJt h cgwdik ;f *dwf a=u;ay;&ygw,f? 'g[m ESpEf ikd if t H a&mif;pm;cH&aom jrefrmcav;ESpOf ;D .jrifuiG ;f

Now, I want to tell of you about a good news that New Blood School is starting to open for 2006-07 academic year. The school have started on May 8,2006. Now it is passing over two weeks. There has registered 145students but now 120 students are attending at the school. Everyyear, the students are increasing at the school. They are studying at different levels.It become to changemiddle school. Some of the Grade-4 students passed the exams last year.So The standard are higher than last year. It is improvement of the school. I have some problems to run this school. I think all of you will consider for school and students. Now I’ve this three main problems. So I need your help. We are closed friends so I am asking for help from. (1) The roof (2) Tables (3) Transportations The roof is very bad. When it has a heavy rain the water are dripping out from the roof at the whole school, every where. Now, the raining season is starting in Thai. The moonsoon is comming. Most of the school places are watering and damp. So the students are moving the dry places. They can’t study steadily. So the school will be deteriorated and collapse because of the water. I want to repair the school. There has not enough tables for the students as you see in the photo. So I want to give enough tables for them. The transportation has the difficulties also. The students are coming to school from many different places. Without car, they can’t come. This is the hilly land so it is very difficult for biking. I need fees for transportation. I have problems with finical. I am giving salaries for the teachers. Now, you start to know my problems. Please help me with your responsible way. Please reply me as soon as you’ve read this letter. Please consider and think for the school and students. I am waiting your reply. Hopefully,

Zaw Lwin Oo (principle) New Blood School

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

15

Moe Thauk Kye Journal aoG;opf rdbrJu h av;ausmif;twGuf axmufyrhH p+ m&if;

usaemf.rdwaf qGoil ,fcsif;rsm;od@k § ,QKvuf&dS aoG;opfausmif;. owif;aumif;w&yfukd rdwaf qGrsm;tm; ajymjycsif ygw,f? aoG;opfausmif;udk 2006-07 rSpI tu,f'rDpmoifEpS u f kd pwifziG v hf pS f awmhrmS jzpfygw,f? aoG;opftu,f'rDwef;udk 2006 ar 8 &ufrS pwifziG v hf pS cf yhJ g+y?D ‚tu,f'rDwef;udk ausmif;om;§ol 145 a,mufjzifh rSwyf w kH ifjyKvyk x f m;ygw,f? ,QKvuf&dS 120 a,muf ausmif;wufv#uf&ySd gw,f? ESppf Of ausmif;om;ta&t wGuo f nf ydI k ydI k rsm;vmygonf? ausmif;om;§olrsm;onf cufcaJ omynma&; tqift h wef;udk avhvmv#u&f ydS gonf? ,QKtv,fwef;tqifo h @kd wd;k wufajymif;vJ vm+yjD zpfygonf? tcsK@d ausmif;om;§olrsm;onf av;wef;/ rlvwef;pmar;yJaG tmif+y;D jzpfygw,f? ,cifEpS u f ‚onf tqift h jrifq h ;kH jzpfc+hJ y;D ,QKtv,fwef;ausmif;txd wd;k wufrmS jzpfygw,f? usaemfonf ausmif;wd;k wufvmaomtajctaersm;udk yHrk eS v f nfywfEikd &f ef jy\emtcuftcJrsm; ñuaH wG@ae&ygonf? xd@k a=umifh usaemfrh w d af qGoil ,fcsi;f rsm; xHrS tultnDvt kd yfaeygojzihf &if;ES;D yGiv hf if;pGm awmif;cHvykd gonf? ‚rSm(1) ausmif;trd;k (2) pmoifpm;yJG (3) o,f,yl @kd aqmifa&;vkyif ef;wd@k jzpfygw,f? pmoifausmif;trd;k rsm;tajctae tvGeq f ;kd ±Gm;aeygw,f? ,QKtcsed w f iG f rd;k ±Gmae +y;D wausmif;vH;k rStrd;k rsm; ,du k svsuf&ydS gonf? ,QKtcg xdik ;f wGif rd;k &moDpwifae yg+y?D ausmif;.ae&mrsm;onf a&AGurf sm;jzifh jynfEh u S v f suf&ydS gonf? xd@k a=umifh ausmif;om;rsm;udk ajcmufaoG@aomtaqmuftOD;wckxw J iG o f m pkaygi;f oif=um; vsu&f ydS gonf? xdu k o hJ @kd a±G@ajymif;ae&ygojzifh ausmif;om;rsm;tm; at;csr;f wnf +ird pf mG pmoif=um;r_rjyKvyk Ef ikd yf g? rd;k a&a=umifh ausmif;onf ydI k ydI k ysupf ;D r_rsm;vm +y;D òyusvmygawmhrnf? od@k jzpfygI usaemfausmif;udk jyKjyifvykd gonf? ausmif;rS ausmif;om;§olrsm; pmoif=um;&ef pm;yJrG sm;rvHak vmufjcif;jzpfyg w,f? yHw k iG jf rifawG@&onft h wdik ;f jzpfygw,f? ausmif;om;rsm;tm; vHak vmufaom pmoifpm;yJrG sm; jznfq h nf;ay;vdyk gonf? ausmif;om;rsm; o,f,yl @kd aqmifa&;tcuf tcJjzpfygonf? ausmif;om;rsm; ausmif;od@k vm&m ae&mw0du k o f nf awmifqif; awmifwufxx l yfI qdik u f ,fjzifo h ,f,rl r_ mS tvGecf ufcyJ gonf? ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf o,f,yl @kd aqmifa&;p&dwv f ykd gonf? t"du aiGa=u;qdik f &mjy\emrsm; ausmif;rSmjzpfaeygonf? usaemf q&mrsm;udv k nf; vpmay;&yg onf? ,QK usaemfonf ausmif;.tcuftcJrsm;tm;vH;k udk rdwaf qGoil ,fcsi;f rsm;od@k wifjyjcif;jzpfygonf? aus;Zl;jyKI usaemfw@kd udu k n l ED ikd rf nfeh nf;vrf;ESihf ta=umif;jyef ay;yg? ,QKt;D ar;vfuzkd wf+y;D csujf cif;ta=umif;jyefay;apvkyd gonf? pmoifausmif; ESihf ausmif;om;§olrsm;.ta&;udk pOf;pm;awG;awm+y;D ulnaD y;=uyg? rdwaf qGrsm;. ta=umif;jyefru _ kd apmifah eygonf? ar#mfvifjh cif;rsm;pGmjzif-h

aZmfvGifOD; (ausmif;tky)f aoG;opfausmif;

aoG;opfrb d rJu h av;rsm;twGuf ysKd;yifpu kd af e=uonhrf w d af qGrsm;cifAsm;æ usaemfw@kd xH aoG;opfausmif;wm0efcrH aS y;yd@k vmaom tultnDawmif;cHonfh tD;ar;vfukd rl&if;twkid ;f azmfjyjcif;jzpfonft h jyif qDavsmaf tmif jrefrmvdb k momjyef xm;jcif;jzpfygonf? a&S@vwGif aoG;opfausmif;od@k oGm;a&muf=unf±h c_ ahJ om *syefEikd if H NLD-LA(JP Branch)rS 'kOuUÏ(1)udkvS[efESifh awG@qHkar;jref;xm;r_udk azmfjyay;rnfjzpf yga=umif;? (rd;k aomuf=u,ftzJ@G om;rsm;)

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oifah iG 2000 ,ef;onf cav;i,fwOD;. wvpmausmif;pm;&dwjf zpfygojzifh ynm'ge ukov kd ðf yvdyk gu090 4924 2906/ 090 4128 4725/ 090 4028 3476/

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167˜000(wpfajcmufaomif;ckEpS af xmif,ef;wdw)d

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

16

pmtkyt f !$e;f

pifwifonfhrdk;aomuf-u,fpmtkyfrsm;

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

17

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

18

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vGecf w hJ ahJ rvtapmydik ;f u vpfvyf aewJh tar&duefEikd if . H (C.I.A.)Xme&J@ !Gef=um;a&;rSL;&mxl;twGuf tar&d ueforwbk&Sfr Sa±G;cs,fwifoGif;cJhwJh avwyfAv kd cf sKyf 'Hayden'udk tar&duef v$waf wmfu arv 26 &ufae@rSm t bufrSOD;pD;aewJh (C.I.A.)Xme&J@ nGef =um;a&;rSL;tjzpf a&G;cs,f&efrSm v$wf wnfjyKcef@tyfvu kd +f yjD zpfygw,f? tckvkd v$waf wmfrmS (axmufcrH J 78 awmfwGif twdkuftcHrsm;ay:xGufap h // rJ/ uef@uGurf J 15 rJ)eJ@ tjywftowf rnf[k a[mude;f rsm;xGuaf y:aecJ. 'General Michael Hayden'[m t axmufcrH e_ @J twl a&G;cs,v f u kd rf a_ =umifh f m0ef arvtapmydkif;u ay:xGufcJhwJh v$wf ar&duefavwyf rSm 35 ESpaf usmw 'Chechen'cGx J u G af &;orm; 'Kulayev' awmftwGif; twdkuftcHrsm;jzpfyGm;Edkif xrf;aqmifcJholjzpf+yD;/ tar&duefEdkifiH w,f[al om a[mude;f rsm;rSm aysmuf trsKd;om;vHk+cHKa&;at*sifpD 'National a&;udk awmif;qdck =hJ uygw,f? Security Agency'rSmvnf;!$ef=um;a&; uG,o f mG ;+yjD zpfygw,f? ±k&ES ikd if &H @J ppfwyfe@J vHjk cKH a&;wyfz@JG 0if f xd arvtapmydkif;u ppfwyfrSt&m&Sd rSL;tjzpf/ 1999 ckEpS rf S 2005 ckEpS t awG 0ifa&mufwu kd cf u kd rf e_ @J twl t=urf; hJ v l nf;jzpfygw,f// wOD;jzpfwhJ Adv k cf sKyf 'Hayden'udk t&yf wm0efxrf;aqmifco zuform; 31 OD;aoqH;k um t=urf;zuf acgif;aqmifaumif;rS « r_}uD; +yD;qHk;oGm;cJhayrJh ausmif;wGif;&Sd ausmif;ol§om;/q&m§r pkpak ygif; 331 woH/ wrde@f eJ@ vdu k =f u&r,fu?G ol[m wurBmvH;k uav;pm;wJh Armh a,muf aoqH;k cJ=h u&ygw,f? acgif;aqmifjzpfw,fæ aoqHk;cJholawGtrsm;pkuawmh u aywdk;? ? [kww f ,f? tJ'aD wmh 'd@k u a':atmifqef;pk=unf 'd@k twGuf bmvkyf av;t&G,f ausmif;om;§olawGjzpfcv hJ @kd ay;rvJv@kd rpOf;pm;=ueJ@? a':atmifqef;pk=unftwGuf 'd@k awG bm usef&pfco hJ al wGu ±k&w S &m;±H;k udk qENjy vkyaf y;=urvJ? olbmjzpfcsio f vJ? tJ'gawGukd 'd@k awGprG ;f Edik o f avmuf uef@uGucf =hJ uwmbJjzpfygawmhw,f// vkyaf y;=u&r,fu?G ol@pum;/ ol@ajrm‡ rf eS ;f csufawGukd 'd@k wawG [ef

( Refers & Quoted from : Japan Times & Yahoo News )

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

etzppftyk pf .k ,kwrf m&ufpufrt_ ay: touf/ aoG;/ ac|;ay;qyfum ,ae‹xufwikd f tzdEydS cf jH ynforl sm;twGuf ±Gyf±Gyfc|Hc|H &ifqdkifwdkufyJG0ifaeonfh cGyfa'gif;&Jabmfrsm;twGuf oifth ultnDvnf; wwyfwtm;vdk tyfaeygonf? jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm; 'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;(ru'w)odk‹ aiGa=u;vSLwef;ay;ydk@vdkyguudx k eG ;f xGe;f (090 4814 1089)/ udak omif;vdi_ (f 080 6549 8442) udn k n D v D iG (f 090 3472 7858)/ udpk ;kd 0if;&Sed (f 090 4128 4725) udak Zmfr;kd (080 6552 7444)/ udak tmifrif;(090 4135 3706) udak rmifoef@(090 6141 3925)xHo@kd qufo, G I f ay;yd@k Edik yf gonf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal wkid ;f &if;om;u¾

pD;qif;oGkm;aomjrpfrsm; pOf;pm;rdvu kd w f ikd ;f usaemftvGe, f ñl u;H r&jzpf&ygonf? ukev f eG o f mG ;cJah om t wdwu f mvESit hf jzpftysufw@kd onf pD;qif;oGm;aomjrpfwpif;yrm rnfo@kd aom tcgrS jyefvnfa&muf&rdS vmEdik af wmhyg? rdr. d ud, k af &;ud, k w f m jzpf&yfom;oyf oyfqv kd sijf zifh rnfr#yifvrG ;f avmufp&m&S&d dS jzpfysuo f abmt& +y;D qH;k oGm;cJ+h yjD zpfI xl;I woojzpfraeawmhyg? od@k qdv k #if b,ft&m/ b,fta=umif;udrk x S ;l +y;D ,l usK;H r& woojzpfaeygoenf;qd@k onfah r;cGe;f u ay:vmygonf? ,QKTudpu P &kd ifziG hf csifojzifh Tpmpkuakd &;oGm;jcif;jzpfyg onf? r,H&k ifyjkH yifv@kd rSwyf gæ usaemfwdk@rdom;pkonf ‘wEdkif;c’ac: csif;wGif;jrpfzsm;wGif tpOftqufae xdik cf =hJ uonf? jrpfzsm;[kq&kd mwGif wufukd tpGet f zsm;xdyq f ;kH rSmjzpfonf? usaemf wdk@±GmrS csif;wGif;jrpfa=umif;twdkif;qefwufoGm;vsif odyfr=umaomtcsdefwGif csif;wGif;jrpfonf jrpfrrnfawmhyg? acsmif;vufwufo¾mefusOf;ajrmif;oGm;+yD; awmifxyd af y:rSqif;usvmonfh a&wHceG rf sm;yrm tqifq h ifh jri‡ w hf ufomG ;ygonf? qd;k ±Gm;aomtjrpJ rd ;f &moDOwkEiS t hf wl q,fEh pS &f moD tcef@oifah e&m,lxm;onfh aorif;wrefiu S zf sm;a&m*gESihf vufwzufu "g;udrk cswrf;udik pf v GJ suf rdrv d rf; rdrb d momckwx f iG u f m wd;k a0S@oGm;&aom awmeufc&D;wd@k a=umifh xdak e&mudk pGe@f pm;ausmuf&mS / a±$@&Smrkq;kd rsm;rSty a'ocHrsm;yif awmfwef±rkH a&muf=uyg? a'ocHrsm;roGm;a&mufaom t"duta=umif;wckuvnf; &dyS gao;onf? ,if; um;tjcm;r[kw?f =urf;wrf;aomobm0w&m;u jyifyvlprd ;f tvG,w f ulr0ifEikd f atmif ydik ;f jcm;ay;xm;aomTa'onf em*ESihf ucsiv f ufeufuikd t f zJ@G tpnf;rsm; . cdkatmif;v_yf&Sm;&m ae&mwcdkjzpfaeIvnf;jzpfygonf? urBmht&nftaoG; taumif;qH;k ausmufprd ;f onf Ta'orSxu G &f . dS ? ta&S@tv,fyikd ;f a'oEdik if rH sm; u a±$xufwefz;kd xm;aom aq;zuf0ifopfar$;onf Ta'o. &wemwyg;jzpf.? od@k aomf 'Dta=umif;t&mawGukd ,ae@acwfa'ocHvil ,frsm;tm; jyefajymjyrnfqkd vsif usaemfw@kd taejzifh rysufruGuyf v†icf &H rnfph um;wcGe;f rSm([d;k a&S;a&S;wke;f uæ)[lIjzpfygonf? od@k aomf [d;k a&S;a&S;wke;f uærSm 17 ESpcf ef@om&Syd gao;onf? e0wvufxufrS pwifum ausmufpdrf;zufpyfvkyfief;udk cGifhjyKcJhojzifh 17 ESpfwmumvtwGif; ud;k uef@ESi0hf wd@k pdw&f w dS ikd ;f txyfxyfajrvSeu f m odr;f ñu;H ,lomG ;=uuke+f y?D aemuf xyf&p&mvrf;rjrifawmhI ywfpmcGmzsmodr;f um jyefoal wGjyefuek =f u+y?D &wemajr udk zifcx k ikd x f m;aom a'ocHw@kd rSmom avmb+yw d mW awGtvm;æ? ,ckqv kd sif iwfoal wGiwfuek =f u+y?D cGiv hf w $ yf g? ed'ge;f ysK;d cJah om ,lusK;H r&jzpf&onft h a=umif;udk a&;rnf[=k uu H m&Sad o;? tESpEf pS t f vvpl;epfaeaom ql;wacsmif;udk cvkww f u kd f rdygonf? 'Dq;l udak oG;pdr;f &Si&f iS x f u G cf six f u G yf gavhapæ? cJx G w k v f u kd rf jS zpfrnf? cJrG xkwv f u kd o f I 'Dvykd w J u kd q f ikd w f idk ;f emusifaeygOD;rnf? usaemfa±$em* wcgjyefe'd gef;ygrnf? usaemht f azu cED;W &Sr;f ppfppfjzpf+y;D taru awmifay:ol em*ppfppfjzpfygonf? tazu tpd;k &0efxrf;tjzpf tndKa&mife,fjr[k tpd;k &rSowf rSwfxm;aom em*awmifwef;&Sd a0;vHacgifzsm;a'owGif wm0efxrf;aqmif&if; tarESizhf ;l pmqHo k nfqykd gp@kd ? xdo k @kd zl;pmqHpk Of taronf ±d;k &mem*pum;rSvI GJ t jcm;bmompum;rwwfyg? tazonfvnf; 0efxrf;avmuxJ pwif0ifa&muf+y;D em*a'opa&mufp/ b,frmS vmem*pum;wwfrnfenf;? od@k aomf zl;pmonfz;l pmyJ jzpfygonf? od@k ESihf usaemfw@kd nDtudak rmifErS ckEpS af ,mufukd arG;zGm;cJo h nf? usaemfu om; t}u;D qH;k jzpfygonf? om;OD;jzpfojzifh tarhtazESihf tarh(tzd;k ESit hf zGm;)tar. armifErS om;csi;f rsm;tm;vH;k usaemfu h o kd =d uonf? csp=f uonf? usaemfu h o kd =d u[k

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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wkid ;f &if;om;u¾ em*awGcsnf;jyef@ESH@aexdkif&ma'ojzpfygonf? usaemfwdk@±GmrS txufenf;enf; usus ta&S@zufurf;('g;vG,cf w k t f aetxm;)wGif em*awmifwef;a'o. c±dik òf r@ awmfjzpfaom Z*Fved ;f -cED;W òr@wnf&o dS nf? cED;W òr@ay:0ef;usiw f iG f em*/ &Sr;f / ucsi/f Arm acgiq f ikd cf si;f (a'otac: ulucD si;f [kvnf;ac:onf)wdik ;f &if;om;wd@k twlwuGaexdik =f uonf? em*OD;a&onf cED;W òr@ e,fvOl ;D a&. oH;k yHw k yHck ef@&S+d y;D e,fajrcsif;qufpyfvsuf&adS om v[,f/ av&S;D / eef,eG ;f òr@e,frsm;wGirf l &mE_e;f jynfeh m*vlrsK;d rsm;om aexdik t f ajccsvsu&f ydS gonf? em*vlrsKd;onf jrefrmEdkifiH[kowfrSwfxm;aom {&d,ma'owGif; pwif0if a&mufvmpOfu wrsK;d wEG,w f nf;jzpfaomfvnf; aemufyikd ;f wGif eD;pyf&mtkypf ak v; rsm;tvku d f wae&mpD ±GmwnfI aexdik v f m=uaomtcg vrf;yef;c&D; qufo, G rf _ tcuftcJa=umifh w±GmESiw hf ±Gm bmompum;tac:ta0: "avhx;kH pH rodrom uJjG ym;jcm;em;oGm;=u&mrS/ rsK;d EG,pf t k ajrmuftrsm; uJjG ym;cJ&h onf? ,if;od@k uJjG ym; jcm;em;oGm;aom em*rsK;d EG,pf rk sm;udk bmompum;tkypf k aexdik &f me,fajrtkypf jk zifh owfrw S cf jGJ cm;vdu k v f sif xif&mS ;aom em*tEG,}f u;D av;rsK;d / xGuaf y:vmygonf? ‚wdk@rSm(1)qGrrf &mem*/ (2)xef*efem*/ (3)pef;em*/ (4)[dik ;f ajrem*wd@k jzpfonf?

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xdrk sK;d EG,}f u;D av;ckrS uJjG ym;xGuaf y:vmaom em*rsK;d EG,pf rk sm;rSm ta&twGuf tm;jzifh 72 rsK;d cef@&Sad vonf? xdt k xJwiG rf S tarwd@k em*rsK;d onf [dik ;f ajrtEG,0f if jzpfygonf? tarhZmwdrmS eef,eG ;f òr@e,ftwGi;f &Sd &Siaf oG,aH us;±Gmjzpf+y;D eef,eG ;f òr@ e,frmS [dik ;f ajrrsKd;EG,pf rk sm;tajccsaexkid &f ma'ojzpfavonf? usaemf 6 wef;/ 7 wef;avmufxd tzd;k wd@k ±GmwGijf yKvyk af om em*±d;k &mESpo f pfu;l yJaG wmfo@kd rdom;pk vdu k f ESppf OfomG ;avh&o dS nf? xdpk Ofu pm;aomufc&hJ aom 0ufom;ESiahf cgi&f nft&omudk ,ae@wdik rf arhEikd f ao;yg? rD;yHek aH b;wGix f ikd v f suf wHp@kd xd;k rD;uifxm;onfh 0ufom;wH;k udu k u kd pf m; vdu k /f 0g;bl;xJraS cgi&f nfupkd w k v f u kd v f yk af eaomusaemfu h =kd unhu f m oabmtus }u;D usaeaom tzd;k ESihf pum;vufqu kH scahJ om xdu k mvudk vGr;f vSygonf? tzd;k ESihf pum;ajymIjzpfaomfvnf; tzGm;ESirhf l vH;k 0pum;rayguyf g? em*pum;rSvI GJ tjcm; bmompum;rwwfaomtzGm;rSm usaemft h m; tjyKH ;jzifo h m t&dyw f =unh=f unhf =unhI f aeygonf? Tae&mwGif Tpmpk.ed'ge;f Y azmfjycJah om ,lusK;H r&jzpf&jcif;ta=umif;&if;ukd azmfjyygawmhrnf? odk@aomf qufpyfwifjycsifaomta=umif;t&mursm;ojzifh onf;cHIawmh zwf±a_ pcsifygonf? qufvufazmfjyygrnf

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rd;k aomuf=u,fwm0efcrH sm;cifAsm;? usaemfw@kd *syefuae wm0efcx H w k af 0+y;D aiGa=u;eJ@a&mif;pm;aewJh *sme,fwckrmS e,fpyfu vufeufuikd t f zJ@G tpnf;awG udk aiGa=u;axmufy&hH if t=urf;zuform;udt k m;ay;w,fq+kdy;D ud, k yf gt=urf;zuf orm;tjzpf txifc&H Edik w f ,f? wqufwnf;rSmbJ aexdik cf iG t hf wGuf 'kuo Q nf av#muf & if v nf ; jy\emwuf E d k i f w ,f q d k w J h o abm a&;xm;wmrsKd ; zwfvu kd &f w,f? tJ'u D pd w P u,fvm;[ifæ tJ'u D pd eP @J ywfouf+y;D &Si;f jy&&if ol@*sme,fa&mif;aumif;zd@k twGuf ol@tjrif ola&;w,f/ 'grrS [kwf ol@*sme,fawG a&mif;raumif;jzpf+y;D yHak evd@k a&mif;aumif; atmif‘zG’w,fv@kd bJ oabmxm;vdu k yf g? aemufwcsuu f tJ'*D sme,fa&mif;pm; +yD; pD;yGm;a&;aomif;usef;aewJholudk,fwdkifuvJ wcsdefwkef;u bmawGvkyfcJh+yD; b,fv*kd iG af wG ±du k cf w hJ ,f? tckvJ b,fEikd if u H kd ajcvSr;f vSr;f ae+y;D 'Dru kd a&pD Aef;jyum b,fvt kd cGit hf a&;&SmaewJo h q l w kd m vlwikd ;f odygw,f? usaemfw@kd taeeJ@uawmh tvG,u f q l ;kH Oyrmay;+y;D &Si;f jy&&if usaemfw@kd rd;k aomuf=u,fu e,fpyfrmS toufuykd "erxm;bJ vufeufuikd w f u kd yf 0GJ ifaewJh ‘jrefrmEdik if v H ;kH qdik &f mausmif;om;rsm;'Dru kd &ufwpfwyfO;D ’udk 1999 ckESpfu wnf;uae ,ae@tcsed x f d wm0efc+H y;D aiGay;yd@k vSLwef;cJw h m/ *syeftpd;k &vnf;od/ *syef v 0uvnf ; od y gw,f ? aiG v J $ w J h b %f p mtk y f u d k a wmif ol w d k @ =unhfcsifw,fqdkvdk@ twdtusjycJhzl;ygw,f? tckqdk&if udk,fwdkifvSLwma&m/ olrsm;awG&@J aiGe@J ygaygi;f +y;D ay;cJw h m aomif;ig;&meD;yg;&Sad eyg+y?D bmjy\emrSr&So d hJ cg taxmuftyHw h ckjzpfcyhJ g vdk *syefrmS aexdik cf iG t hf wGuf Refugeeav#mufwt w,f? t=urf;zuform;qdw k m e,fpyf u vufeufuikd t f zJ@G tpnf;awGvm;æ/ òr@ay:rS m vuf e uf t m;ud k ; eJ @ jynf o l u d k rw&m;ES d y f p uf a ewJ h etzppftyk pf v k m;qdw k mudk OD;aESmuf&w dS v hJ w l ikd ;f odygw,fæ? 88 ckEpS u f wnf;u etzudk awmfveS w f u kd cf u dk &f if; awmxJa&mufomG ;=uwJh usaemfw@kd &J@&JabmfawG/ ausmif;om;awG/ tcktcsdet f xd tEdik rf cHt±_;H ray;pdwf "gwfe@J qufvufwu kd yf 0GJ ifae=uw,fqw kd mudk usaemfw@kd rarhapcsifb;l æ? tjrJ wrf;owd&aeapzd@k / olw@kd udk pdw"f gwftiftm;t& tm;ay;zd@k usaemfw@kd rSmwm 0ef&w dS ,f? ta&;}uD;wmu usaemfwdk@[m bmtwGuf bmvkyfaewmvJ/ udk,frvkyf EdkifwJhtvkyfudk vkyfaeolawGtwGuf 0dkif;0ef;ulnDyhHydk;csifwJh pdwf"gwf&Sdzdk@/ aemufwcku ud, k , hf x l m;wJAh ZD mtwGuf ud, k v hf yd jf ymud, k o f ef@zd@k ud, k t hf vkyu f kd ±d;k ±d;k om;om;qufvyk af e=uzd@k u t"duusygw,fv@kd ajymcsifygw,f? [Jvrkd ;kd aomuf=u,fæ? usaemfw@kd *syefEikd if u H kd a&qif;wuUov kd u f ygarmuQ q&m}u;D qvdik ;f xGe;f oef;vmwke;f u usaemfomG ;a&mufem;axmifcyhJ gw,f? ol@ pdw"f gwf[m usaemfw@kd acgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfvpkd w d "f gwfrsKd;As? ol@vdk rsKd; wdik ;f jynftwGuf ay;qyftepfemcHro hJ al wG jynfyrSm&Sw d hJ 'Dru kd a&pDta&;vkyf aqmifaeygw,fqw kd v hJ al wGrmS om&S&d if usaemfw@kd Edik if H 'Dru kd a&pD&wm=um+yAD s? tckawmhAsmæ jynfyuae bmvkyyf g/ nmvkyyf gqd+k y;D avzrf;'ef;pD;aewJh 'Dru kd a& pDtcgawmfay;orm;awG/ q&m}u;D eJ@twlvu kd +f y;D jynfawmfjyef0if+y;D wdu k yf 0GJ ifz@kd aumif;w,fAsæ 0vHk;(rzrf;rcsif;-wdkusKd)&J@ wkwfwjyuf "g;wjyufumwGef;xJu wdkif;jynf twGuf ‘bmyJvkyf&vkyf&’qdkwJh umwGef;xJupmom;twdkif;ajym&if‘ig.Edik if aH wmftwGuf ig.toufuakd y;qyf&efæææ ig.rde;f rESiw hf ikd yf ifvu kd yf gOD;rnfæ’

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg;

rme,fyavmc&D;onf armifpif=u,f (om;tzjyefqy kH )JG usaemfe@J om;ti,fonf rme,fyavmwnf;cd&k yd o f mwGiaf exdik o f nfrmS ESpv f ausmI f oH;k veD;yg;&Sad e+yjD zpf.? rnfou l r#ajymif;a±$@&efrajymaomfvnf; ajymif;csif a±$@csiv f m.? Tok@d jzifw h nf;ck&d yd o f mrS apmif/ jcifaxmifw@dk uk, d al qmifvsuf Akv d f csKyaf rmifarmif.±H;k tdro f @d kajymif;vm.? AdkvfcsKyfarmifarmif.tdrfonf ,cify'ko d ef;atmif&pdS OfuaqmufchJ aomtdrjf zpfonf?rme,fyavmuGi;f ukrd suEf mS rlIwnfaqmufxm;aom tdr}f u;D tdraf umif;rsm;teufwtdrf jzpf.? Akv d cf sKyaf rmifarmiftrd Ef iS t hf eD;rSm vuf0JbufY a'gufwmrm wm. EkdifiHjcm;a&;±Hk;&SdI vusfm buftrd rf mS y'kad tmifqef;. opf (0Jr, S m)Adv k cf sKyfarmifarmif/ Adv k cf sKyfjr awm±H;k tzG@J om;rsm;.±H;k jzpf.? ,if ; ok d @ }uD ; rm;vS Adv k cf sKyfjrESio hf abmxm;uJv G o GJ rl sm; aomtdr}f u;D wGif tjyif cef ; w0uf a vmuf r S m pm;yGcJ }ku H ;D ESpcf ck sxm;aom tpnf;ta0;cef;rjzpf.? AkdvfcsKyfarmifarmif. rsuEf mS csi;f qkid cf ef;us,f wGiaf eI usaemfu ol ESirhf suEf mS csi;f qkid t f cef; a'gufwmrmwm(Edik if jH cm;a&;)/ y'dak tmifqef;(opfawma&;) wGif om;tzESpaf ,muf ae.? ae@bufwiG f Akv d f csKyaf rmifarmif.±H;k tzG@J om;rsm;taeESihf Akv d rf LS ; a&mbwfZ/H Akv d u f sm;ESihf bmblw@kd &S=d u.? olw@dk onf tdrfaxmifonf rsm;jzpfI ae@bufwGif y'dak umfp;kd (v,f,mpdu k yf sKd;a&;)/ y'd0k ;SD (ukeo f , G af &;) om&S=d uonf? a&mbwfZo H nf xdpk Ofu ol@zcifref; bZH. ‘ref;bZHESifh u&ifawmfveS af &;’pm tkyftwGuf vuf ESyd pf ufuav;ukd w uk w f u k w f ± k d u f a e .? ol.wm0efrmS 'D atbDppfa=umif;rSL; jzpfojzifh wdu k yf jJG zpf (0Jr, S m)ref;a&mbwfZEH iS ahf rmifpif=u,f

vmv#if a&S@wef;ok@d xGu&f onf? Akv d u f sm;ESihf ZeD;onfcsKdcsKdrif;'ifw@kd onf ae@pOf uAsmpmtkyu f av;wtkyx f u G . f ? olw@dk onf 0ifaiGvnf;r&So d jzifh uAsma&;+y;D v#if za,mif;puULESihf puULtjzLukd ±H;k wumvSnI hf &Sm&ao;.? +y;D rS uAsmukx d w k f a0Edik =f u.? Akv d cf sKyaf rmifarmif.±H;k tzG@J om;jzpfaomfvnf; Akv d cf sKyaf rmifarmifEiS hf twnfh qH;k rSm yef;csq D &mwifxeG ;f jzpf.? wifxeG ;f onf ajrmufOuUvmyZmwdjzpfI w0uf wjyufyef;csaD usmif;wufvmoljzpf.? t&ufuv dk nf;}uKd uw f wf.? Akv d cf sKyaf rmif armifyef;csaD q;0,fcikd ;f aomtcg ol@twGuu f seaf tmifvyk w f wf.? aemufyidk ;f wGif Akv d cf sKyfarmifarmif±;kH rS y'kb d oif.±H;k ok@d ajymif;oGm;avonf? AkdvfcsKyfarmifarmifESifhyufoufI VOBwGifygaom usaemf.aqmif;yg;wGif atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;xm;avonf? AkdvfcsKyfarmifarmifonf u&if awmfveS af &;xJra&mufru D axmufyhH a&;(Suppls)wGif 0efxrf;vkyfcJhbl; onf? aoewfrukdifbl;aomfvnf; awmfvSefa&;xJa&mufaomtcg ppf a&;/ Edik if aH &;/ pG,pf &kH aomyk*Kd~ vfwOD; yifjzpfonf? olEiS u hf saemf ae@aygif; rsm;pGmESihf vaygi;f rsm;pGmtwlwuGae cJ=h uaomfvnf; vuf&EdS idk if aH &;ESihf o abmw&m;a&;wkd@xuf twdwfwGif use&f pfc+hJy;D jzpfaomta=umif;t&mrsm; uko d m trsm;qH;k ajymjzpfc=hJ u.? Adv k cf sKyfwmrvmabm anmifwHk;/ "EkjzLe,f&Sdu&ifrsm; onf u&ifpum;vdkajym=um;&mwGif enf;yg;=uaomfvnf; u&ifrsK;d csppf w d f wGifum; }uD;rm;=uonf[laomp um;jzifhtnD y'kdpHvif;ESifh AkdvfcsKyf armifarmifw@dk onf Armvl}u;D olrrsm; enf;wl t&m&mukd Armvkdomajym wwf=u.? txl;ojzifh [email protected]; rsm;t&G,fjzpfaom ABSDFrS armif armif}uD;wkd@/ wif0if;wkd@a&mufvm =uI(zl;--zl;--)tbk;d tbk;d [kac:.? ‘a¹c’vkdufv#if olwdk@‘aºu’oGm;=u onfuo dk m usaemfjrifvu kd &f onf? ae@wae@wGif Akv d cf sKyfarmifarmif .uawmfEiS hf ol.om;i,fw@dk a&muf aq;rSL;}u;D a'gufwmqif; vm=u.? ol@uawmfrSm 'kwd,tdrf axmifjzpfI ol@rsm;pGmi,f&, G o f nf? ol@om;ti,frmS vnf; usaemfo h m;ESi&hf , G w f l jzpfojzifh rsm;pGmcifrif&if;ES;D oGm;=uonf? wae@wGif Adv k cf sKyaf rmifarmifonf rajym pbl;aompum;ukad jymvmonf? k adk &;qGaJ y;prf;ygAsmæ” “OD;pif=u,f/ usaemfw@kd KNU zG@J pnf;yHu usaemfonf acgif;aqmifwOD;uajymvmaompum;jzpfI *±kwpkdufyifem; axmif&onf? +y;D v#if OD;pif=u,fqo dk nfrmS jrefrmwcsKd@uac:aomtrnfjzpf.? “Akv d cf sKyf&m- usaemfa&mufwmrSvykid ;f yJ&adS o;w,f? ajz;ajz;ayghæ” rme,fyavmwGif KNUESihf aumfoal v;tpk;d &vnf;&S. d ? KIOESihf KWOwd@k vnf; d ? a'guw f mpde0f if;.tpk;d &tzG@J vnf; &S. d ? tjcm;wbufwiG f DABESihf NDFvnf;&S. &S. d ? ppfa&;wykid ;f / Edik if aH &;wykid ;f ausmif;om;rsm;vnf;&S. d ? ,if;&Sad eaomtzG@J t pnf;rsm;ukd zG@J pnf;yHt k wGi;f xnfo h iG ;f &efum; t0kid ;f xJ av;axmifu h x dk nfo h uJo h @dk jzpfrmS vnf;pd;k &.? +y;D v#if KNUuk, d w f ikd yf gwv D nf;jzpfc/hJ wyfO;D vnf;jzpfc/hJ tpnf;

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg; t±H;k vnf;jzpfaecJ. h ? ok@d jzpfI Akv d cf sKyaf rmifarmifpw d cf sr;f omatmifom ajymvku d f TtacgufwiG f VOB pmapmifY usaemf onfatmufygtwdik ;f a&;cJ. h ? &avawmhonf? “Tok@d jzifh we*FaEGae@wae@. eHeuf 11 em&Dcef@wGif ref;&SmESiu hf saemfw@kd ESpf ,if;ok@d &Spd Of ae@[email protected]@v,fcif;wGif usaemfw@dk xuf 2 ESpaf pmI awmwGi;f a,mufAv dk cf sKyjf rtdr&f &dS m ayG;aygvo l @dk a&mufomG ;.? we*FaEGae@qdv k #iAf v kd cf sKyf P wGuf ok@d a&mufvmaom om;tvwfatmifp;dk !Ge@f ausmyk;d tdww f vH;k / aoewfwvuf jronf aetdrYf rdom;pkEiS hf twlwuGem; em;aeaeaeonf? tcsK@d aomudpt d cf sKyfjrtm; oGm;a&mufaqG;aEG;wifjy xrf;I Akv d cf sKyaf rmifarmiftrd af &mufvmonf? oufqikd &f mu ol@tm; a=u;eef;jzifh ,if;tajctaeudyk if tcGiahf umif;,lI Akv d ? owif;yk@d ojzifh usaemfawmcdv k monfuo dk o l o d mG ;.? ol@qDwiG (f 11§92)jzifh us &onfvnf;&S. aemfaxmifxGufvmaom owif;pmwapmifvnf;ygvmonf? aemufykdif;pme,f xkdae@u usaemfwkd@ESpfa,muf Zif;rsm;wGif usaemfxnfo h iG ;f aomowif;"gwyf rkH sm;rSm ,if;owif;pmwGiyf gaomyHk onf Akv d cf sKyjf ruawmfonf {nfo h nf rsm;yifjzpfayonf? vmrnfukdrod&ojzifh ,if;raumif; atmifp;dk !Ge@f .wyf&if;rSm ABSDF wyf&if; 207 jzpfonf? olw@dk wyf&if; onf a=umif ; ajymaomf v nf ; usaemf t f m; [if;vnf;aumif;yg.? pm; ay:aygxpcef ; wG i f w yf p G J x m; aomwyf & if ; vnf ; jzpf o nf ? uk e f o nf wGuu aomuf Ivnf;aumif;vSyg.? Akv d cf sKyf vrf;a=umif;vnf;oifhojzifh txufyg owif;pmrSm ukefonfESifhcsxm;jcif;jzpf avonf? apmapmykid ;f wGif olw@dk wyf &if; 207 . wyf&if;rSL;rsm;rSm jrufcif; jronf paeoif;c&pf,mef*kd%f;ukd; opfwiG f r=umc% tm,kw@dk / jroef;ac:&rf;um;wk@d yifwyf&if;rSL;rsm;jzpf=uonf? uG,af oma=umifh 0uftygt0if cGgruGJ usaemfEiS t hf wl om;t}u;D qH;k ESihf t i,fq;kH ESpaf ,mufygvm&m ol@tuk}d u;D I cGgvHk;aom/ roef@pifaomtom; rSm Akv d rf LS ;pk;d pk;d .wyf&if; 12 wGi‚ f / ti,frmS usaemfEiS ‚ hf &Sad eonfuadk wG@& rsm;ukd rpm;raomuf&mwGif ta=u;cGH ojzifh olvnf;0rf;omoGm;.? ol ESiahf wmwGi;f YjyefvnfawG@qH=k uyHu k dk ol@rdciftm; rygaomig;ukdyifrpm;acs? Tokd@jzifh today;vdak omfvnf; xdpk Ofu owif;qufo, G af &;vrf;a=umif;u jywfawmuf tnpfta=u;uif;pifaom aumif; aeonf? Tod@k jzifh olw@dk rdcifonf oufqikd &f mESihf rdwaf qGrsm;ar;vmv#if aumh uifaysmfiSufom;EkEk±G±Gav;ukd pm; aomif;Y tvkyo f mG ;vkyaf eonf[o k m ajz&awmhonf? aomuf&onfrmS tvGeyf ifpm;aumif; a'gufwmzd;k aomfwm aemufyidk ;f wGif Adv k cf sKyjf ronf awmwGi;f Y usaemfo h m;oH;k a,muf&o dS nfuo dk d vSygonf”[k a&;om;xm;avonf? Akv d cf sKyfjrESiahf pmwefyw D @kd tjyeftvSepf um;ajymae=uonf? q,fih g;rdepf=um &ojzifh wa,mufol@ukday;xm;ygvm;[k awmif;qdkcJhbl;avonf? om;vwf D vm&if;udpaP jymqkEd idk +f yjD zpfa=umif; t&dyt f uJjyavonf? usaemf atmifp;dk !Ge@f onf usaemfEiS t hf wl Adv k cf sKyaf rmifarmiftrd w f iG f wywfae+y;D cGiahf ph v#if apmwefyu vk&d if;udpu P ydk ifajymvku d . f ? ojzifh ay:aygx&Sd ol@wyf&if;ok@d jyefomG ;avonf? (Akv d c f sKyfjrtdro f @dk yxrtacguf) “OuUX}u;D cifAsm;æ/ usaemfrme,fyavma&mufwm ckq&kd ifo;kH vjynfah wmh xdak e@onfwe*FaEGae@jzpfonf? apmwefyu D dk {nf&h yd o f mYawG@&ojzifh Akv d cf sKyf r,f/ tJ'g usaemfbefaumufomG ;+y;D owif;pm&Si;f vif;yGv J yk cf sifv@kd OuUX}u;D ukd jrtdro f @dk oGm;csiaf =umif; tultnDawmif;vku d . f ? Adv k cf sKyjf ronf owWrOykot f usaemfwifjyygw,fæ” Akv d cf sKyfjronf csufcsif;yifusaemftpDtpOfuv dk ufcI H oabmwlavonf? oif;awmf(paeoif;)ukd uk;d uG,o f jl zpfonf? we*FaEGae@wGif ol@tdrYf em;em;aeae “aumif;w,f? aiGwaomif;vJ,o l mG ;/ wefycD ifAsm;ukv d u dk yf @dk ay;r,fæ” ae.? {nfo h nfrsm;tm;vufcaH wG@qHw k wf.? apmwefyo D nfo@l vufxu J rdb k idk ;f jzifq h ufvu kd &f m Akv d cf sKyfjronf vG,v f , G u f u l yl if vmcGijhf yK.? befaumufo@dk oGm;a&;udpu P dk usaemfEiS ahf pmwefyw D @kd pDpOf=uonf? bwfaiG TwGif usaemfEiS ahf pmwefyw D @kd onf y'kpd v H if;. tkycf sKyrf a_ tmufwiG f ta&;ay: waomif;xkw, f al &;udprP mS usaemfu h pd rP [kwyf J wefy. D udpyP ifjzpfonf? csucf si;f xm;aom pufavSjzifh Akv d cf sKyfjr&S&d mayG;aygvlo@dk vmcJ=h u.? usaemfw@kd ESpaf ,muf befaumufo@dk roGm;Edik jf cif;rSm apmwefy. D ZeD;onf om;tdrf atmufwb dk mvukef Ek0d ifbmvonf aomif&if;jrpfYa&usae+yjD zpfaomfvnf; udpjP zifh aq;±Hw k ufae&aoma=umifjh zpfonf? aemufae@wGif apmwefyED iS t hf wl usa&um;tpD;jrefaeqJjzpfonf? Tok@d jzifu h m;vrf;rsm;vnf;rayguaf o;I ayG; ‘reef;ol’aq;±Hkwufaeaom ‘,'fwav’jyifopfaq;±Hkokd@ usaemfa&mufoGm; onf? xkpd Ofu ,'fwavaq;±Hrk mS jyifopfaq;±Hjk zpfI tawmfuav;oef@jyef@ aygvlacsmif;0rSAv dk cf sKyfjr&S&d mok@d vmcJ&h .? ayG;aygval csmif;onf rk;d &moDwiG f aomif&if;ESiq hf ufaeaomacsmif;0rS acsmif; aumif;rGeo f nf? rsm;txdomG ;Ekid . f ? aEGtcg acsmif;0wGif aomifxeG ;f aeavonf? ,if;acsmif;onf ‘xl;0g;vl’wGi&f adS eaomaq;&Hrk mS wdu k yf w JG iG 'f %f&m&&So d rl sm;tm; ukoaom &Snv f sm;.? rkid ;f vH;k }u;D txda&muf.? w aq;±HkjzpfI ,if;aq;±Hk.wm0efcHrSm enf;tm;jzifh rkdif;vHk;}uD;. acsmif;vuf a'gufwm=umyef;ndKjzpfonf? xkd pOfu rme,f y avmwG i f q&m0ef } uD ; rsm; xufwckyifjzpfonf? rJaqmufEiS rhf ,fo vnf;&Sad eonf? a'guw f mckad om/ a'guf &D;&if;wk@d . e,fjcm;a'ovnf;jzpf.? xdkae@u AkdvfcsKyfjr.tdrfwGif {nfh wmqif;/ a'gufwmrmwmESihf Akv d cf sKyfjr onfrsm;r&S=d u? at;at;aq;aq;pum; .rdef;r nDtukdawmfol a'gufwmzdk; ajymEkdif.? AkdvfcsKyfjrtm; ausmif;om; aomfwmwd@k jzpfavonf? reef;olaq;±Hk acgif;aqmifrsm;ESihf KNUacgif;aqmifrsm; qif;+y;D aemufwae@wGif usaemfEiS ahf pm wefyDwkd@ owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJvkyf&ef u ‘aumfc’dk [kac:=uonf? ‘aumf’rSmajr befaumufo@dk xGuv f m=uavonf? jyifjzpfI ‘ck’d rSmt}u;D tuJjzpfonf? us aemfomAkv d cf sKyjf rtm;OuUX}u;D [kac:onf? (owif;pm&Si f;vif;yG)J Akv d cf sKyfjrtdro f @dk 'kw, d tacgufwiG f xkdpOfu EkdifiHa&;ESifhawmfvSefa&;t ,ckuo hJ @dk we*FaEGae@rSmyif ref;&Smvref; ajctaeonf usaemfw@dk bufu tay: (0Jr, S m)Adv k cf sKyfjruawmfEiS Ahf v kd cf sKyfjr ESihf usaemfw@kd ESpOf ;D a&mufc=hJ uao;onf? pD;uvk@d ajymvd@k &ao;w,f? ta&;ygt

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg; n 9 em&DwiG f rJaqmufrb S efaumufo@dk xGuv f monf? ESpaf ,mufwx JG ikd cf w kH iG f &ma&mufaomacgi;f aqmifwidk ;f rme,fyavmESib hf efaumufo@dk pkeq f efae=uonf? J ikd af omfvnf; wa,mufuw dk a,mufpum;ajym=u/ pum;ajymv#if usaemfonf rme,fyavmrSrJaqmufokd@vmpOf &efolukdxkd;ESuf&rnfhtcsuft usaemfw@dk wGx usaemfonf jrefrmvdo k majymwwf.? ok@d jzpfI vufrsm;ukd wvrf;vHk;YpOf;pm;rdvmonf? odomodaprjrifapESit hf pm; ‘jrifomjrifaprod Tod@k jzifh rJaqmufo@dk a&mufvmonf? rJ ap’ESihf jzpfaeavonf? aqmufa&mufv#if apmwefyo D nf Akv d cf sKyfp;dk eHeuf 9 em&DwiG f befaumufum;*dwo f @dk pk;d tdrw f iG rf wnf;rd/ reef;olEiS t hf rsK;d awmfaom acsmarmpGma&mufoGm;.? um;*dwfrSwqifh q&mtD ; a&mh q if w J w G i f w nf ; onf ? q&m wuUqiD mS ;I bmwD;vfvifw h emwd@k tdro f @dk vm tD;a&mhEiS u hf saemfonf &efuek rf mS aepOfrmS yif od &onf? xdkpOfu bmwD;vfvifhwemonf t a[mif;u|rf;a[mif;jzpfonf? ol@rdciftouf vGefemrnf}uD;csdefvnf;jzpfonf? a'grmef[kef 80 t±G,o f nf usaemfw@dk ZeD;vrf;twGuf bk pmtkyo f nf awmfveS af &;bufawmfom;rsm;. &m;ocifxw H iG f qkawmif;ay;onf? vuf p G J j zpf o uJ h o k d @ ppf t k y f p k b uf u vnf ; aemufae@a&mufv#ifapmwefyDonf us rzwfrjzpfaompmtkyjf zpfaeonf? aemf0wf&eftwGuf t0wftpm;wpHk0,fay; Tok@d jzifh wem&De;D yg;avmufomG ;rdv#if bm onf? c&D;oGm;vufrw S t f wGuv f nf; vH;k yrf;& rme,fyavmaeomcsde(f NCGUBpwifz@GJ pnf;csdet f cgu) wD;vfvifhwemwkd@tdrfa&mufoGm;onf? okd@&m jyefonf? xdpk Ofu Edik if aH &;tajctaet& xdik ;f f yk af eaomrpPwmbmwD;vfrmS rEd;k ao;bJ taESmif; 0efxrf;rsm;taeESihf usaemfw@kd uku d n l &D ef tcuftcJr&Sv d aS cs? vl0ifr}_ u;D =uyfa&; wGif nOfeh ufoef;acgiftvkyv (qifaESmif;)ESihf olw@dk orD;av;omEk;d aeonf? taESmif;rSm jrefrmjynfajrmufyidk ;f t&m&Sx d o H mG ;&m tvG,w f ulyifxw k af y;vku d af vonf? dN buf jrefrmjynf rJaqmufEiS b hf efaumufonf um;vkid ;f rsK;d pHEk iS t hf qift h wef;rsK;d pH&k o dS nf? aps;E_e;f oDayg+rKd @u &Sr;f trsKd;orD;jzpfonf? rpPwmbmwD;vfonf tdE, h ;kH ESihf taumif;qH;k um;vdik ;f yifjzpfonf? ok@d 0ifvm&m &Sr;f awmfveS af &;wGi&f adS eaom qifaESmif;ESiq hf =kH ujcif;jzpf.? vnf;tedrt hf jrif&h o dS nf? VIPrSm aps;tjrifq taESmif;onf usaemfw@dk pm;aomuf&ef aumfzED iS rhf ek @f yJrsm;ukpd pD Ofay;.? jynf apmwefyo D nf VIPum;vufrw S u f 0dk ,fonf? ok@d &mwGif rnfonft h aumif;qH;k wGi;f jynfytajctaersm;ukv d nf; wd@k wk@d wdwad jymqkad qG;aEG;=u.? Tok@d jzifh em&D um;vdik ;f yifjzpfap/ rJaqmuf-befaumufrmS bwfaiG 400 xdom&Sad yonf? h emEk;d vmavonf? rpPwmbmwD;vfonf q&mjroef;wifrh S « ppfAkdvfppfom;rkef;wD;pdwf&SdwJh q&m 0uf/ wem&Dcef@=umv#if bmwD;vfvifw ol @ wD A x D G w J i G & f a d S eaom us a emf a xmif u xGuv f monfo h wif;ukd zGi=hf unf. h ? ao Ekid if aH &;qkw d m vlxak xmufct H m;ay;r_ jroef;wifh[m ppfom;pma&;q&mawG oG m ;+ y q D a d k omtcgwG i r f l ol v y k & f rnf t h vk y u f d k quf v y k . f ? r&Sb d v J yk v f @dk &S&d if b,fawmhraS tmifjrif eJ@qufqHwJhtcgrSm ol@&J@yifukd,fppf xdak e@utaESmif;wd@k tdrrf mS yif bDbpD ED pS q f ,fah v;em&DEiS ahf wG@qH. k ? +y;D v#if ol rSmr[kwb f ;l ’qkw d hJ t,ltqawGuv dk J om;rke;f wD;wJph w d u f zdk iG rhf jybJ vlwidk ;f ukd wk @ d aeaom0if ; j c t H wG i ; f rS m yif ±k u d u f u G q f if I wD A ± G D u d k a f o;.? naeapmif ;wGif w q&mjroef;wifhqDu r=umc%=um;& tvk d u f t av#muf q uf q H a vh & S d w J h P 00 wwfygw,f? twGuf vli,fpmzwfy&dowfwcsdK@u ±kwaf [mfw,fwcko@dk jyefa&$@vm+y;D owif;pmq&mrsm;ESiahf wG@.? nwGif udpt + y ; D qH ; k + y ; D j z pf I usaemf w @ k d bef a umuf r r S a J qmuf o @ d k j y ef v m= u onf ? q&mjroef;wifh[m vlwkdif;ukd t q&mjroef;wifhtay: tjrifapmif;cJh qufvufazmfjyygrnf vkduftxkdufqufqHwwfol/ tm;em wmawGjzpfcJhygw,f? q&mjroef;wifh vku d af v#mwwfojl zpfayr,fh ppfAv dk pf pf om;eJ@ ppfom;0g'vufukdifxm;wJhol awGq&dk if yifu, dk pf w d u f rkew f ;D aewwf wJo h jl zpfygw,f? pmaya[majymyGJc&D;pOfawGrSm ppf om;pma&;q&mawGeJ@twl c&D;oGm;& r,f/ wpifwnf;a[m&r,fq&dk if tJ'cD &D;pOfudk olrvku d b f ;l vk@d ajymwwfayr,fh aemufykdif;rSmawmh jroef;wifh/ atmif oif;/ armifaomfuqkw d t hJ wGeJ @J r=umc %wGb J uf+y;D pmaya[majymyGJ c&D;xGuf aewmukad wG&ygw,f? “'Dv}l u;D (q&marmifaomfu)u ppf Akv d o f mqkw d ,f/ ppfom;pdwu f if;wJh w u,fph ma&;q&mAsæ”qkw d rhJ w S f csuu f dk ay;cJzh ;l ygw,f? pum;=uKH vk@d ppfom;t a=umif; wyfta=umif;a&mufomG ;&ifvJ q&marmifaomfu[m tifrwefEaS jrm zkd@aumif;wJh vlxktjrif&SdwJh ppfom; aumif;jzpfovkd pmayavmurSm &Sm;yg; wJh pG,fpkH&pma&;q&mwOD; jzpfw,f vk@d vJ ajymavh&ydS gw,f?

[m vl wkid ;f ukt d m;emyg;emqufqw H wf ayr,fh ol@&J@,k=H unfcsuu f adk wmh aemuf qk;H aoonfw h idk f qkyu f idk o f mG ;wJo h w l OD; jzpfygw,f? “uGefjrLepfpepf[m acwfrrDawmh bl;? vufawG@tokH;r0ifbl;? vlawG&J@ obm0w&m;eJ@ t&rf;a0;wJh0g'jzpf w,fqw dk hJ a0zefoaH wG&adS eawmh q&m vufcHxm;wJh uGefjrLepf0g'tay: t ajymif;tvJjzpfwmrsKd ;awG&ydS govm;æ” vkd@ ar;cGef;xkwfcJhzl;ygw,f? uGejf rLepf0g'qkw d mr&S&d if jroef;wifh qkdwm jzpfvmrSmr[kwfbl;? wae@rSm uGejf rLepf0g'[m ykpH w H rsdK;eJ@ vlxx k u J dk jyefa&mufvmr,f? 'D0g'ukd aocsmravh vmwJo h al wG[m tajymif;tvJawGjzpf aew,f? ,kH=unfr_ukdjzKwfcsvkdufwm awG&adS ew,f? aocsmavhvmr,fq&dk if uGejf rLepf0g'xJrmS 'Dae@vlxv k cdk siaf ewJh 'Dru dk a&pDqw dk m tjynfh &Sad eygw,fv@dk pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf&Sif;jywwfwJh q&mjr oef;wifu h dk jrifa,mifaerdw,f?
rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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twd‹k txd

qH&Snf0ef}uD;csKyfwJhvm;æ (1) “bbawmh rvG,fbl;aemfæ” “[kwfygw,feef;pdefaiG&,f/ udk,hf udu k , kd rf vG,rf eS ;f awmhoyd gw,fu, G ?f 'geJ@ajymp&myJ&&dS /dS qH;k rp&myJ&&dS dS ajymyg qH;k ryguG,æ f ” “bbwdu k sKdrmS wH;k u jrefrmtcGe±f ;kH a&So › mG ;+y;D ‘reufjzefbjJ zpfjzpf/ jrefrmoH trwf } uD ; tvk y f j zKwf c H c J h & &if usKyf a=umifyh ’J qd+k y;D ajymcJw h ,frw _ v f m;æ” “tjypfajymvnf;cH&rSmeef;pdeaf iG/ ige@J vl rsK;d pktzJ@G aygi;f pHu k acgi;f aqmifawG tcGef ±Hk;a&S›a&mufawmh óuwifowif;&xm; w,fr_wfvm;/ tcGef±Hk;0efxrf;awG w a,mufrrS &Sad wmhyJ jrefrmoHtrwf}u;D eJ@ oHtrwf}u;D uawmfw@kd om ESpaf ,muf xJ&Sdae=uawmhw,fAsmæ” “[kwu f yhJ gbbæ” “'geJ@ igu oHtrwf}u;D cifAsm;/ us aemf=opa=w;vsua&mufvmwJh ‘armif ykn’yg/ tm;vH;k eJ@yJjzpfjzpf/ oHtrwf}u;D eJ@usaemf ESpaf ,mufcsi;f yJjzpfjzpf awG@yg &ap? 'Dtwdik ;f qdk oHtrwf}u;D twGuf rvG,fawmhbl;qdk+yD;ajymw,fuJG@æ” “[k w f u J h b b/oH t rwf } uD ; u xGufawG@ovm;bbæ” “tJ'gudkajymzdk@ygyJeef;pdefaiG/ oHt rwf}uD;&J@om;orD;awGuvnf; r&Sd=u bl;? oHtrwfuawmfu odyu f akd =umuf ae+yD; oHtrwf}uD;&J@vufawGudk udkif xm;w,fAsmæ” “'DjrifuiG ;f udk bbb,fvrkd sm;jrif& ovJæ” “'gawmh b,fhol@rSajymvdk@rjzpfbl; uG,?f tm;vH;k rd;k rD;avmifuek rf ,f? eifyh g; pyfvkHygw,faemfæ” “[kwu f b hJ b/ ajymomajymygæ” “at;av/ ig&,f/ pd;k 0if;&Sed &f ,f/ 0vH;k (rzrf;rcsi;f -wdu k sK)d &,fom rSwv f u kd yf g uG,fæ” “[kwu f yhJ gbbæ” (2) “'geJ@ wdu k sKdrmS igajymwJh ‘eufjzefbJ jzpfjzpf/ jrefrmoHtrwf}u;D tvkyjf zKwfcH cJ&h &if usKyaf =umifyh ’J qdw k mudk eef;pdeaf iG b,fvdkrsm;od&vdk@wkef;æ” “tifwmeufrmS avbb&J@/ aemuf wcku bbajymwJh ‘qH&n S 0f ef}u;D csKyf’

armifyn k (-opa-w;vs) awmifygao;w,fæ” “Aka'
“[kwu f yhJ gbbæ” “jrefrmqdw k muvnf; ud, k t f ygt 0ifayghu, G ?f pum;ajymwJt h cg ‘ygVdygXf om;’ryg&ifvnf;tcuf/ wdw k ekd @J vd&k if; rajymjyef&ifvnf;rjzpf/ wcgwcgusjyef awmhvnf; yk*~dKvfemrnfudkarhaejyef awmh &wmudyk q J aGJ jymrde@J ayghæ” “[kwu f yhJ gbbæ” “qdyk gawmhu, G /f rif;bl;OD;=obmo &J@ Zwfawmf}u;D q,fb@GJ udk t&Snv f u kd f rajymbJ ‘aw/ Z/ ok/ ae/ r/ bl/ pef/ em/ 0d/ a0’wJhav? AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;u awmh u&ife@J Arm0goemwlwmudk ‘Arm zJ±dkuf/ u&ifig;r#m;’twlwlyJwJh? wcg vGwv f yfa&;&zd@k u&ife@J ArmnD!w G zf @kd vdw k mudv k nf;yJ Adv k cf sKyfatmifqef;u ‘u&ifawGukd twif;eom;yg;&m;’&r,f

vdk@ ajymoGm;ygw,f? ‘eom;yg;&m;’u twif;cspfóuufwmudkajymwmavæ” “'gqdk qH&Snf0ef}uD;csKyfvJajymygOD; bb&J@æ” “at;av/ toufi,fi,f±, G ±f , G f eJ@vnf; 0ef}uD;csKyfjzpfvm/ avmavm q,frmS rJawGvnf;jywfjywfom;om;eJ@ tEdik &f / tbd;k uvnf; ckvq kd yH if&n S x f m; zd@k trSmpum;xm;cJ/h *syef0ef}u;D csKyaf wG tm;vH;k xJrmS jrefrmvdak c:zd@k uvnf;cuf qdak wmh eef;pdeaf iG&,f/ igav OD;a±$budk 'kuaQ y;wmr[kwyf gb;l uG,?f 0ef}u;D csKyf &J@ ‘yef;EG,fyef;cuf’awGvdk a0S@0JaewJh qH y if a uomawG u d k tjrJ x m0&jrif a,mifae&mu igav E_wzf sm;uqH&n S f 0ef}uD;csKyfvdk@æ” “awmfao;wmayghbb&,fæ”

Ðtif'dkeD;&Sm;EdkifiHtv,fydkif;a'owGif jyif;xefaomajr ivsiv f y+ cf IhJ trsm;tjym;aoqH;k cJjh yefjcif;? tif'dkeD;&Sm;EdkifiH/ tv,fydkif;a'o/ *sm;Am;u|ef;rSm arv 27 &ufae@eHeuf d hJ ajr tapmydik ;f wGif (6.3m)tiftm;&Sw ivsiv f y_ cf jhJ yefwt hJ wGuf aoqH;k olO;D a& rSm arv 29 &ufowif;t& (5,700) ausmf&cdS +hJ y;D / vlta,muf 2 ode;f ausmf td;k tdrrf jhJ zpfc=hJ uygw,f? tqdyk g toufaygif;rsm;pGmudq k ;kH &H;_ apcJw h hJ ajrivsifpwifvy_ cf w hJ ahJ e&mu awmh tif'ekd ;D &Sm;Edik if /H tv,fyikd ;f a'orSm &Sw d hJ a&S;a[mif;+rKd @jzpfaom'Yogyakarta' +rKd @wnf&adS ewJh a'ouae pwifcw hJ ,f vd k @ qd k y gw,f ? tqd k y gajrivsif ' %f a=umifh aoqH;k cJo h Ol ;D a&[m 2004 ckEpS f twGif; qlemrD'%fa=umifh tif'dkeD;&Sm; Edik if YH aoqH;k cJo h t l a&twGux f ufyif ydrk rkd sm;jym;cJ&h +yjD zpfygw,f? aoqH;k olrsm;udk vdu k v f &H mS azGw;l az: aeqJjzpf+y;D jyif;xefpmG '%f&m&&So d Ol ;D a& rSm(2,900)txd&adS e&m aoqH;k olO;D a&

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

rSm qufvufw;kd yGm;vmbG,&f m&Sw d ,f vd@k qdyk gw,f? ajrivsifv_yfr_&J@aemufuG,fuae jzpfay:vmavh&w dS hJ qlemrDab;tEW&,f uawmh jzpfyGm;vmp&mrawG@&Sd&ao; a=umif; *syefEikd if rH ;kd av0oXmeeJ@ [m 0dkif,D&Sd qlemrDavhvmapmifh=unfha&; tzG@J wd@k uae xkwjf yefa=ujimxm;+y;D jzpf ygw,f? tar&duefe@J *syefEikd if t H ygt0if u rBmEh ikd if aH ygi;f 22 Edik if w H @kd u tif'ekd ;D &Sm;Edik f iHukd u,fq,fa&;eJ@ axmufyu hH n l aD &; awGuakd qmif&u G af y;vsu&f adS e=uygw,f?

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

xk;H pHtwdik ;f owfrw S pf mayrsm;udk q&m u usaemfw@kd tm; yd@k csay;ygw,f? t+y;D wGif rae@utqufjzpfaom vuFm av;udk qufvufI&Si;f jyygw,f? 'Dae@awmh udik ;f yif EGm;od;k tvSnahf ygh uGm? u|ef;EkajrrSm aygufwu hJ ikd ;f yifawG udk rif;wdk@jrifbl;rSmyg? aysmhaysmhEGJ@EGJ@eJ@ av,l&mrSm ,drf;xdk;uae=uwJh b0 ZmwfckHay:u a±$rif;orD;av;awGvdkyJ uG@J ? a±$rif;orD;av;b0[m tjrifrmS vS yayr,fh Zmwfq&mn$e;f or#ukd ujyae &w,f? ridck sifbeJ @J vJ idck &hJ ovdk r&,f csifbeJ @J vJ &,f&&Smw,f? cspo f u l v kd rJ ek ;f rmefz@JG &ovdk rke;f olukd vJ cspf[efEGJ@&ao;w,f? udk,fydkifqkH; jzwfyikd cf iG rhf &Sw d hJ b0taetxm;ygbJ? a±$rif;orD;av;eJ@xyfwlxyfr#jzpf aewmuawmh udik ;f yifv@dk yJajym&r,f? 'Dwcg ouf&u dS kd oufrehJ @J cdik ;f E_id ;f jyvdu k f w,f? 'DaemufrmS oufru hJ kd ouf&edS @J w cg Ed_if;,SOfjyOD;r,f? aveD=urf;awGu Zmwfne$ ;f q&mayghumG ? udik ;f yifav;u awmh a±$rif;orD;aygh? awmifavwdkuf&if ajrmufzufudk ,dr;f EG@J w,f? ajrmufavwdu k &f if awmif zufudk,drf;oGm;jyefw,f? ta&S@av wdu k &f if taemufu/kd taemufavwdu k f &if ta&S@zufukd udik ;f yifav;crsm ,dr;f ,dkifoGm;w,f? tv,frSm rm;rm;rwf rwfr&yfwnfEikd b f ;l ? ol@b0 ol@tajcrSm avmu"Hukd tm;wif;vdk@rcHEdkif&Smbl;? vl@b0 vl@tajctaersm;rSmvJ ol

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

a0zefa&;aqmif;yg; rsm;ajym[kwfEdk;Edk;eJ@ av,l&mwdrf;vdk@ ,drf;EGJ@aewJhvlawG[m t}uD;trSL;em ,uwifv@kd rjzpfb;l uG@J ? olu ,dr;f EG@J ae &if wynfah emufvu kd af wG rScD akd eolawG twGuf tm;xm;p&mjzpfrSmr[kwfbl;? 'gt h jyif t}u;D trSL;acgi;f aqmif[m bm avmu"Hy=J uKH=uKH tm;vk;H &J@acgif;aqmif yDyD rm;rm;rwfrwf&yfwnfay;Edik &f r,f? rif;wdk@av;awG vl}uD;vkyfwJhtcg udkif; yifvkd r,dr;f EG@J zd@k owdxm;yg? wcgu yifv,fu;l oabFmwpif;a& jrKyaf wmh oabFmom;awG t&m&Sad wGukd eD;pyf&mEdik if w H ckuae &[wf,mOfawGe@J vm}udKw,f? &mxl;tedrfhqkH;oabFm om;udk t&ifay;wufz@kd pDpOfaewke;f rSm uy`wed jf zpfou l toufvw G af tmif t &ifajy;wufw,f? 'Dawmh&[wf,mOfrLS ;awGuar;w,f? “cif A sm;ubm&mxl ; vJ ” qd k a wmh oluajzw,f? “uy`wdefygæ” “'gq&kd if aemufq;Hk rScifAsm;wufyg” vdk@ ydwfyifwm;qD;vdkufw,f? oabFm om;av;awGuek af wmhrS ol@udw k ufciG hf jyKvdu k w f ,f? 'DvdkyJ ud, k w f m0ef,&l wJt h ydik ;f rSm acgif;aqmifryDowJhacgif;aqmifawG acgif;a&SmifawG&w dS ,fumG ? tacsmifyaJ e csifw,f? tjrwfyx J w k cf sifw,f? ud, k hf taetxm;eJ@xdu k w f efww hJ m0efukd rm; rm;rwfrwf&yfwnf+y;D tepfemcH+y;D rvdk csifb;l uGm? 'Dvakd cgif;aqmifawG&w dS 0hJ ef; usifrmS bmr#tqifajyrSmr[kwb f ;l ? wu,fjzpfoifhwmu arsmufrif; Zmwfu bk&m;avmif;arsmufrif;vdk rif; wd@k awGtwk,&l rSm? arsmufawGrausmf v$m;EdkifwJhtuGmta0;rSm cg;udk'Dbuf EG,f }uKd ;eJ@csnf vufEpS zf ufu [db k uf EG,}f uKd ;wpudu k ikd v f @kd cE<mud, k u f kd wH wm;cif;ay;vdkufw,f? &maygi;f rsm;pGmaomarsmufrsKd ;EG,u f kd &efo@l ab;/ toufab;uae tepfemcH taocH+y;D u,fwifay;vdu k w f ,f? vl }u;D qdw k m acgif;aqmifqw kd m udik ;f yifvkd ,dr;f EG@J vd@k rjzpfb;l uG@J ? pGe@f v$wjf cif;/ t epfemcHjcif;awGe@J jynfo@l ud, k pf m; rm; rm;rwfrwf jywfjywfom;om; &yfwnf ay;&w,f? wm0ef,cl sif&w,f? &ifxJ rSmwm0ef,cl siw f phJ w d u f akd rG;ygwynfw h @kd ? EGm;od;k ta=umif;udak jym&OD;r,f? EGm; odk;[m toHay;+yD; OD;csdKaoG;aewwf

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aevd@k vJr&bl;? ud, k *hf % k u f , kd f azmfae vd@k vJrawmfb;l ? tm;vk;H tay:rSm wajy; nDwphJ w d &f adS e&ygr,f? r#wwJph w d /f ol@ bufu, kd b hf uf ESpzf ufjrifwwfwphJ w d f arG;&rSmyg? vdyv f u kd , kd u hf , kd , f uf+y;D EGm; vdw k bd@k (zd@k )wnf;&Sv d @kd roifah wmfyg? vl qdw k m ESpzf @kd jrifwwfygrStqifajyrSmyg? vlyo D rSmyg? jrifjrifor#awG@awG@or#udk pd;k xdwf a=umuf±GH@ae&ifvJ [ef=uyghrvm;? jy \emwckukd ajyvnfatmif&iS ;f &r,ft h pm; a&Smifyek ;f aer,fq&kd if tJ'jD y\em u+y;D oGm;rSmvm;? vl}u;D wOD;wa,muf/ acgif;aqmifwOD;wa,muf[m vuf a&Smifaevdk@aum oifhawmfyghrvm;? rif;wdk@awGb0xJrSm vdyfvdkvl}uD;awG udk a&Smif&mS ;+y;D awmh ud, k u f , kd w f ikd v f J vdyv f rkd usifzh @kd q&mwdu k w f eG ;f ygw,f? acG ; tuawmrS m aew,f ? nrS m xGuaf vh&w dS ,f? csKHbw k af wG usOf;awG xJrmS aeavh&w dS ,f? ta0;uae toHjyK avh&Sdw,f? tvpfudkajcmif;ajrmif;ae wwfw,f? tkypf ek @J ae+y;D tkypf ek @J rS owWd &Sw d hJ owW0grsdK;ayghu, G ?f waumifxq J kd &if a=umuf±@HG aewwfw,f? toHurkd xGuaf wmhb;l vd@k q&mrSwo f m;zl;w,f? vl}u;D vlaumif;qdw k m/ acgif;aqmif qdkwm wOD;wa,mufwnf;yJjzpfjzpf/

tkyfpkeJ@yJjzpfjzpf ajymif;vJr_r&Sdygbl;? a=umuf&@G rH /_ xdwv f ef@r_/ tkypf ek @J us,fr_ r&Sdygbl;? tvpfudkajcmif;ajrmif;ae wwfwmrsdK;/ tm;enf;csufuzkd ad xmif; wmrsKd;awGr&Syd g? ae@ae@nn tcsdet f cg ra&G; &J&ifah ewwfw,f? toHom&S+d y;D tqHrygwJho}uFeftajrmufvdkvJ r [kwb f ;l uG@J ? acG;tawG&@J oabmu &efou l kd a&S@ uae wcsKd@uta,mifjy+y;D usefacG;t awGu aemufuae 0ifa&mufwu kd cf u kd f wwfw,f? tpydik ;f rSmaumif;ra,mife@J rdwaf qGa,mifaqmif+y;D aemufyikd ;f rSm&ef olvyk o f mG ;wwfwo hJ abmygy?J txl;o jzifah wmh vl}u;D jzpfvm&if/ acgif;aqmif wOD;jzpfvm&if rdwaf qGa,mifaqmif+y;D taemufuae aemufausmudk "m;eJ@xd;k r,fo h al wGukd owdxm;zd@k a&Smifwwfz@kd jzpfygw,f? acG;teJ@ajracG;wd@k vdk uvdeu f uspf rm,mawG bmr#r&So d ifb h ;l aygh? rif;wd@k wawG[m ynmwwfawGyDyD *k%fod uQmjynf0h wJh vl}u;D av;awGjzpfz@kd yJ q&m ar#mfreS ;f w,f? ud, k yhf nm ud, k *hf % k o f d uQmeJ@ &yf±mG tusKd; wdik ;f usKd;jynfusdK;udk &J&&J if&h ifh aqmif&u G =f ur,fo h m;aumif;/ orD;aumif;awGv@kd q&m,k=H unfw,f? wcgwkef;u pmoifcef;xJu q&mh

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rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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Moe Thauk Kye Journal

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