Oct ('06)-1 - Spoken English

-•’-üµ¿-¢√®Ωç 4 -ÅéÓd-•®Ω’ 2006

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

Sankar: Hi Vishnu, you've been away for such a long time that I felt lonely here.

(؈’ äçô-J-ûª-†çûÓ ¶«üµ¿-°æ-úËç-ûª-é¬©ç †’´¤y •ßª’-ô’-Ø√o´¤)

Sankar: Thank God. I wasn't with you.

(•A-éÀ-§Úߪ÷. FûÓ Øˆ’ ™‰†ç-ü¿’èπ◊. (™‰èπ◊çõ‰ ؈÷ îª÷ú≈Lq ´îËaC) Vishnu: What next now? Shall we have coffee?

Vishnu: I felt the same too, without your company.

(F ≤ƒ£æ«-Ωuç ™‰éπ ؈÷ Å™«ØË ¶«üµ¿-°æú≈f) Sankar: Why did it take so long for you?

(Åçûª-鬩ç áçü¿’èπ◊ °æöÀdçC?) Vishnu: I had been away on a company assignment. I returned this morning.

(éπç°F °æE-O’ü¿ ¢Á∞«x†’. Ñ §Òü¿’lØËo ´î√a†’) Assignment = Å°æp-Tç-*† °æE. ÅÂÆj-†tçö¸ – 'ÂÆj— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç. Sankar: What kind of assignment?

(ûª®√y-ûËçöÀ?

coffee

BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ü∆´÷?)

Sankar: OK. ☯

☯

☯

☯

éÀçü¿öÀ lesson ™ ´’†ç so ¢√úøéπç îª÷¨»ç éπü∆. 'so' Åçõ‰– 1) Åçûª a) He isn't so tall. (Åûª-†çûª §Òúø’-Ííç-é¬ü¿’)

Vishnu: Such a tough assignment that I had to visit a number of places. I had to see a number of dealers, watch the movement of our products, and see that the sales increased.

(Å¢Á÷t î√™« éπ≠d-¢æ Á’i† °æE. î√™« îÓôxèπ◊ (Ü∞¡xèπ◊) A®Ω-í¬-Lq-´-*açC. î√™«-´’çC dealers †’ îª÷Æœ, ´÷ company ûªßª÷K© Å´’t-鬩’ ᙫ ÖØ√oßÁ÷ í∫´’-Eç*, Å´’t-鬩’ °çî√-Lq† ¶«üµ¿uûª ÅC.) dealers = äéπ éπç°F ûªßª÷-K©’ (Ææ®Ω-èπ◊©’) Ţ˒t ¢√∞¡Ÿ}/ shops. Movement = ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç = éπü¿-L-éπ(©’). Ééπ\úø Å®Ωnç ã company ûªßª÷-K© Å´’t-éπ°æ¤ üµÓ®ΩùÀ. (Öü¿u´’ç ÅØË Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC. Telangana Movement = ûÁ©ç-í¬ù Öü¿u´’ç) Products= ûªßª÷K– ã éπç°F ûªßª÷®Ω’ îËÆ œ Ţ˒t ´Ææ’h´¤. v§ƒúøé˙d q – 'v§ƒ— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç. Sankar: What a time you had! I really pity you, old boy! You do get a fat salary, but you can't have a minutes leisure.

(áçûª éπ≠dçæ í¬ í∫úÕ-§ƒ¢˛! E†’o îª÷ÊÆh ñ«™‰Ææ’hçC, N’vûª´÷! Fèπ◊ ´’ç* @ûª¢Ë’ ´Ææ’hçC é¬F éπ~ùç Nv¨»ç-A-™‰-ü¿’-éπü∆!) Vishnu: It isn't the salary that matters. I like the challenging nature of the job. It is such a challenge that you have the satisfaction of having done something. You feel happy that you've achieved something.

(@ûªç é¬ü¿’ ´·êuç, Åéπ\úø Ø√ ÖüÓu-í∫ç™ Ö†o Ææ¢√©’ Ø√éÀ≠dçæ . Ç Ææ¢√©’ áçûªü¿çõ‰, àüÓ éÌçûª ´’†´‚ ≤ƒCµç-î√ç-éπü∆ ÅØË ûª%°œh N’í∫’-©’-ûª’çC (éπ©’-í∫’-ûª’çC). ؈÷ àüÓ ≤ƒCµç-î√†’./ ÉC ؈’ ≤ƒCµç-î√†’ ÅØË ûª%°œh Öçô’çC.) that matters = ´·êuç. achieving = ≤ƒCµçîªôç; Achievement = ≤ƒCµç-*† N≠æߪ’ç Sankar: Corporate culture has taken hold of you. (°ü¿l ¢√u§ƒ®Ω Ææç≤ƒn ÆæçÆæ \ %A ÅDµ-†ç™ ÖØ√o´¤ †’´¤y). Corporate =°ü¿l °ü¿l ¢√u§ƒ®Ω ÆæçÆæn-©èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*†. Corporate - pronunciation 鬧ÒJ/ È®ö¸. Vishnu: And I am proud of it too.

(Ç îÓô’ Åçûª ü¿÷®Ωç) ´·êuçí¬ so + adjective/ adverb + that (so Åçõ‰ adjective/ adverb ©’ ûÁLÊ° à ¢Ë’®Ωèπ◊ ÅE ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úøû√ç. 2) American usage ™ î√™« ÅE Å®Ωnç. a) Thank you so much. (British: Thank you very much.)

Vishnu: I saw two but they were such lousy movies that I wished I hadn't seen them.

(È®çúø’ îª÷¨». Å¢Áçûª îÁûªhçõ‰ îª÷úø-èπ◊çú≈ Öçú≈-LqçC ņ’-èπ◊Ø√o.) Lousy = îÁûªh. Louse - ™˜Æˇ– Ê°†’ – ÅÆæ©®Ωnç– Lousy - ÅÆæ-£æ«uçí¬/ îÁûªhí¬ ÖçC ÅE Aôd-ú≈-EéÀ èπÿú≈ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’. Lousy fellow ¢Áüµ¿´ ņoô’x.

Spoken English

3) Now look at the following sentences from the conversation at the beginning of the lesson.

b) such a tough assignment that I had to visit a number of places.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

222

c) ... they were such lousy movies that I wished that I hadn't gone to them.

He is such a man that all like him =

Åçü¿®Ω÷ É≠æd-°æúË ´uéÀh Åûª†’. ÉD so ... that èπÿ, such ... that èπÿ Ö†o Ææç•çüµ¿ç, ûËú≈. ÉçéÓ N≠æߪ’ç èπÿú≈ îª÷ü∆lç. a) He is such a good man that we all like him =

Åûª†’ ¢Ë’´’ç-ü¿®Ωç É≠æd-°æ-úËçûª ´’ç*-¢√úø’.

b) He is so good a man that we all like him. (a)

™

such a good man = (b)

™

so good a

man c) She is so clever a woman that she can solve any problem easily = She is such a clever woman that she can ...

(à Ææ´’-Ææu-ØÁjØ√ °æJ-≠æ \-Jç-îª-í∫-L-T-†çûª ûÁL-N -í∫-™«¢Á’) so clever a woman = such a clever woman

Thank you so much b) You are so nice. (British: You are very nice)

so + adjective/ adverb + thatsentences such ... that

°j

É°æ¤púø’ ü¿í∫_®Ω ü¿í∫_®Ω Å™«çöÀ Å®Ωnç, ¢√úø’éπ Ö†o 'such' N≠æߪ’ç îª÷ü∆lç. Such Åçõ‰ Å™«çöÀ. a) I don't like such things = Å™«çöÀ N≠æ-ߪ÷©’ Ø√éÀ-≠dçæ -™‰ü¿’. b) He never smiles. Such men are very dangerous =

Åûª-ØÁ-°æ¤púø÷ †´yúø’. Å™«ç-öÀ-¢√∞¡Ÿ} î√™« v°æ´÷ü¿ç.

c) She works very hard. Such people prosper =

Ç¢Á’ î√™« éπ≠dæ-°æ-úø’-ûª’çC. Å™«ç-öÀ-¢√∞¡Ÿ} °jéÌ-≤ƒh®Ω’. Such E É™« èπÿú≈ ¢√-úø-û√ç. (Such ... as èπÿ®Ω’pûÓ) a) Such people as Gandhi are always respected =

í¬çDµ-™«çöÀ ´uèπ◊h©’ á°æ¤púø÷ íı®Ω´ç §Òçü¿’-û√®Ω’. (´÷´‚©’ ûÁ©’í∫’ = í¬çDµ-™«çöÀ ´uèπ◊h-©†’ á°æ¤p-úø÷ íı®Ω-N-≤ƒh®Ω’)

b) Such trees as the coconut grow very tall

(éÌ•s-J-îÁôx ™«çöÀ îÁô’x à°æ¤í¬ °®Ω’-í∫’-û√®·) Ééπ\úø such ¢√úË B®Ω’, Å™«çöÀ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ: such + noun + as + noun (à Ê°®Ω’-ØÁjØ√ noun Åçö«ç) ™«çöÀ ÆœE-´÷©’ Å®Ω’ü¿’) Ééπ\úø ´÷ô èπÿ®Ω’p: Å®·ûË äéπ ´·êu í∫´’-Eéπ: °∂晫Ø√ ´uèπ◊h©, N≠æ-ߪ÷© ™«çöÀ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ éπü∆ Ééπ\úø ´’†ç such ... as ¢√úø’-ûª’Ø√oç. É™« such ... as ¢√úøôç ÆæÈ®j-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, ÉC é¬Ææh ví¬ç-C∑éπç, §ƒçúÕûªuç. Éçûª-éπç-õ‰ like ¢√úøôç î√™« simple, better éπü∆! (™«çöÀ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ) 1) Such men as Gandhi are always respected = Men like Gandhi are always respected. 2) Such trees as the coconut = Trees like the coconut. such ... as •ü¿’©’ like ¢√úøôç Ææ®Óy-ûªh´’ç éπü∆. É°æ¤púø’ ÉC îª÷úøçúÕ: a) I bought a variety of fruits such as the mango, the apple, etc.

d) India is such a large country/ so large a

Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫ç-™«ç-öÀüË ™ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç èπÿú≈.

country that progress cannot be quick

(ÅGµ-´%Cl¥ Åçûª ûªyJûªç 鬆çûª °ü¿l ü˨¡ç ¶µ«®Ωû˝) Ææçü¿-®√s¥Eo •öÀd, so í¬F such í¬F ¢√úø-´îª’a.

a) He is so good that all like him=

Åûª†’ Åçü¿®Ω÷ É≠æd-°æ-úËçûª ´’ç*-¢√úø’.

Sentences from the conversation:

M. SURESAN

b) He is such a good man that all like him.

1) You have been away for such a long time that I felt lonely.

Åçü¿®Ω÷ Åûª-†çõ‰ É≠æd-°æ-úø-û√®Ω’. Åçûª ´’ç*-¢√-úøûª†’. = Åûª-†ç-ü¿®Ω÷ É≠æd-°æ-úËç-ûª- ´’ç-*-¢√úø’. í∫´’-Eç-î√®Ω’ éπü∆. Ééπ\úø a) Å®Ωnç, b) Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰. c) The day was so hot that we couldn't go out

Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ so ¢√úø-´îª’a. Å®·ûË Â°j† îª÷°œ-†ô’xí¬ such a long time, so long a time Å´¤ûª’çC. You have been away for so long a time that ...

= ¢Ë’ç •ßª’-öÀéÀ ¢Á∞¡x-™‰-†çûª áçúøí¬ ÖçC Ç ®ÓV. 2) ... such a tough assignment that I had to

[so + adjective (hot) + that] d) It was such a hot day that we couldn't go out. sentence (c) word order

D†®Ωnç, Å®·ûË Ééπ\úø

Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰. í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ. (´÷ô© èπÿ®Ω’p) ûËú≈.

such + adjective (hot) + day (noun) + that so adjective/ adverb such adjective noun noun

鬕öÀd È®çúÕçöÀ Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰. Å®·ûË, ûª®√yûª ´Ææ’hçC. ûª®√yûª, ´*a, ü∆E ûª®√yûª èπÿú≈ ®√¢√L. ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ´Ææ’hçC. äéÓ\-≤ƒJ,

visit many places = so tough an assignment that I had to visit many places ... 3) ... they were such lousy movies that ... = the movies were so lousy that ...

ÉO

so ... that, such ... that

Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©’.

EXERCISE

ANSWER

E†o meeting èπ◊ î√™«-´’çC ´î√a®√? Manish: áçûª Ææçêu™ ´î√a-®Ωçõ‰ Åçûª °ü¿l Hall èπÿú≈ ÆæJ-§Ú-™‰ü¿’. Pratap: ´éπh ¶«í¬ ´÷ö«x-ú≈ú≈? Manish: Åçü¿®Ω÷ E¨¡z-•lçí¬ èπÿ®Ω’aE v¨¡ü¿l¥ûÓ N†oçûª íÌ°æp ´éπh Çߪ’†. Pratap: àçö«-ߪ’† v°æÆæç-í∫ç™ N¨Ï-≥ƒ©’? Manish: Çߪ’† îÁ°œp† Å稻©’ áçûª ´·êu-¢Á’i-†-´çõ‰, ´’†ç Ææ’©¶µºçí¬ Å†’-Ææ-Jç--îªí∫-LÍíç-ûªN. Pratap: Åçûª ´’ç* v°æÆæç-í∫´÷? Manish: @Nûªç™ ´’Sx N†-™‰-†çûª ´’ç* v°æÆæçí∫ç. Pratap: ü¿’®Ω-ü¿%≠ædç, ®√™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷†’.

Pratap: Did a large number attend the meeting yesterday? / Was it a largely attended meeting yesterday?

c) Such movies as Titanic are rare. (Titanic

Such + movies (noun) + as + Titanic (noun)

(•ßª’-ô’-†o-°æ¤púø’ ÆœE-´÷-™‰-´’Ø√o îª÷¨»¢√?)

b) There were a number of things such as pen, paper, etc., = There were a number of things like ...

a) You have been away for such a long time that I felt lonely.

(Å™« Ö†oç-ü¿’èπ◊ í∫Jy-Ææ’hØ√o.) Sankar: Did you see any movies while you were away?

(´÷N’úÕ, apple ™«çöÀ ®Ωéπ-®Ω-鬩 °æçúø’x éÌØ√o). É™«ç-öÀ-îÓôx èπÿú≈ such as •ü¿’©’ like ¢√úøôç ´’† ¶µ«≠憒 Ææ®Ω-∞¡çí¬, Ææ£æ«-ïçí¬ NE-°œç-îËô’x îËÆæ’hçC.

b) The place is so distant.

tall that/ so large that/ so nice that, etc.)

(ᙫçöÀ °æE?)

2

Pratap:

Manish: It was such a large number/ so large a number that the hall wasn't enough. Pratap: Did he speak well? Manish: He was such a great speaker/ so great a speaker that all heard him with all attention. Pratap: What were the special points/ highlights of his speech? Manish: He made such good points/ the points he made were so good that we can easily practise them. Pratap: Was it such a good speech/ so good a speech? Manish: So good a speech/ such a good speech that we can't hear it again. Pratap: Unfortunately, I couldn't attend it.

-§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm