Mtk Vol3 No1

  • Uploaded by: ThanHtut
  • 0
  • 0
  • December 2019
  • PDF

This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA


Overview

Download & View Mtk Vol3 No1 as PDF for free.

More details

  • Words: 17,320
  • Pages: 28
Moe Thauk Kye Journal

2

t,f'w D mtmabmf

vli,fa h -u;rH= k 16 usaemfw@kd a±$jrefrmawG[m ta&Su › ae0ef;xGu&f m edyeG Ef ikd if rH mS trsm;tjym; a&muf&Sdae=uygw,f? *syefa&muf jrefrmawG[m ud, k w hf ikd ;f jynfu pGe@f cGmvm&ayrJh ud, k Ehf ikd if u H ckd spf =uw,f? ud, k phf may/ uk, d , hf Ofaus;r_ukd jrwfE;kd =uw,f? ud, k Ehf ikd if &H @J tem*wft wGuv f nf; wufnv D ufnyD g0ifxrf; aqmifv=kd uwJh pdwaf pwemaumif;&So d rl sm; jzpf=uw,f? cs;D usL;p&myg? olw@kd rsuEf mS [m wufopfpae0ef;vdk ±$e;f ±$e;f vuf+y;D wufºuae=uygw,f? tm;&p&m}u;D yg? wd@k Edik if &H @J om;aumif;orD;aumif;uav;awGygvm;vd@k av;pm;pdw/f cspcf ifpw d f ay:rdygw,f? wuJrh sK;d cspu f av;awG? ,cifwek ;f u‘tm[m&’/ tck‘rd;k aomuf=u,f’qdw k hJ jrefrmpm=unfw h u kd rf mS pmtkyaf umif;awG axmifaomif;cs&D adS e&wm jrif&awmh yDwrd jzpfbrJ aeEdik ?f 'gayrJh vky&f if;udik &f if; xdrcd u kd rf d cvkww f u kd rf &d w dS mvJ trSeyf ?J 'gvJ toif;tzJ@G &J@obm0yg? usaemfcspw f hJ 'D&aJ bmfuav;awGukd uAsmvufaqmifay;csipf w d f aygurf w d ,f? cspv f @kd ay;wJh vufaqmifyg? ay;csiw f u hJ Asmvufaqmifuav;awGuawmhæ 1? rd;k aomuf=u,fe@J tm[m& nDtudek @J nDtr? rd;k aomuf=u,fu vrf;jyae tm[m&u 0rf;0ap? ol@ae&meJ@ ol0efxrf; yef;wdik t f wlwl oGm;wJv h rf; a±$vufjrjJ rJ wJpG wrf;? 2? tiftm;opfawG avmif;ygap avmif;av aumif;av acsmif;jynhaf &? wavSxpJ ;D wc&D;xJomG ; aysmpf &m}u;D r[kwv f m; a[;vm; armifw@kd r,fw@kd æ0g;? 3? vrf;tòyifav#muf&if; yef;wdik af ysmufwwfw,f- owd? rdrw d @kd bufreS w f ,f[k ol@buftjypf±-_ *±k? ol@tkypf u k kd igrr_ igt h yk pf u k dk olrr_ tusw d t f cJawGp?k tkypf ak wGuGJ wkwaf wGqGJ &efow l [J[æ J aumif;=uao;&J@vm;æuJ? owdæ owdæ jr?J 21/ 12/ 2005

wifrkd;

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

em,mursm; wifr;kd (tar&du) armifpif=u,f (=opa=w;vs) armifprG ;f &nf(tar&du) wm0efcHt,f'Dwm rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,ftzJ@G om;rsm; rsufESmzHk;'DZdki ;f apmode;f (rd;k aomuf=u,f) yef;csDo±kya f zmf aX;opf/ armifatmifvD yHE k y dS f BDA Group

jzef@csda&; ud&k w J if(h em*d, k m) 080 3628 9979 0if;ay:armif(ud&k ;D ,m;) 82 1965 65712 rrif;rif;jyKH ;(tar&dum;) 1260 424 1434 aX;Edik (f e,fomvef) 31 6176 76582 pmrlrsm; ay; yd@k vdyk guT 161-0033 SHINJUKU-KU, SHIMO OCHIAI 1-11-7, OCHIAI ECO MANSION 301, TOKYO, JAPAN [email protected] [email protected] Home Page http://www.moethaukkye.com/

3

Moe Thauk Kye Journal uAsm

‘arG;ygciG ahf &;/ vGwv f yfa&;’vd@k qdak &;&Sw d ikd ;f / qdck +hJ yD qdw k ikd ;f wH@k q/ tm;r& aomujzpfaygi;f rsm;vS+y?D 'd@k trsK;d om;/ 'd@k bd;k bGm;wd@k oGm;&if; vm&if;/ xGe, f uf&if;u ae&if; xdik &f if;/ yJiG u kd &f if;u u|ew f iG ;f u|u H somG ;cJ+h y?D ‘vGwv f yfa&;[m/ arG;&myg’vd@k usr;f vmpum;/ 'd@k ud;k um;zd@k r=um;zl;cif/ u|eZf wf0ifaygh &Si&f if;ao&/ u|eb f 0? ighbdk; ightazeJ@/ ightareJ@ igah jr ig, h m/ igw@kd ±GmvJ arG;ygu|ejf zpf/ !$eyf yk ef pfchJ EGr;f npfordik ;f / zufwikd ;f &Suaf p rsu&f nfa0cJ/G wdik ;f ajyuu|ef vluu|erf @kd / u|e[ f mb,fE, S v hf yl gr,f? t*Fvdyfu/ ajcxdyf ajccsif; csKyaf ESmifjcif;ud/k oGi;f ,lcu hJ m csKycf s,v f mcJ?h t*Fvyd u f / ykvyd af xmiftusO;f n‡i;f qJjcif;ud/k oGi;f ,lcu hJ m n‡i;f yefvmcJ?h t*Fvyd u f zdEydS t f wwf AH;k ˜ aoewfe@J / ypfcwfjcif;udk oGi;f ,lvmcJ/h ypfcwfc?hJ u|eZf mwfoiG ;f jcif;/ owfjzwfjcif;[m xjcif; ºujcif;/ zdEydS jf cif;ESihf ±ke;f jcif;uefjcif;/ awmfveS jf cif;udk zefqif;tr$m/ zGm;apyguaum? zdEydS jf cif;ESi/hf ±ke;f uefjcif;um; tr$mzGm;zuf/ ausmcsi;f qufo@kd wzuf&iS &f if/ r&Siw f zuf qufqufrck s/ ao&rnfrmS aoG;opPm? zdEydS af &;ESi/hf ±ke;f ºua&;udk a&;ESpaf &;vJ arG;&myg./ [lvb kd ?d xD;±d;k topfaxmuf/ pnftayguzf m óu;yrf;&mutrsK;d / bmom/ omoemvd@k aºu;um a=umfum/ v_@H aqmf&mu

vGwfvyfa&;ESifhpmay armifpGrf;&nf ‘Armjynfonf wd@k jynf Armpmonf wd@k pm Armpum;onf wd@k pum;’vd@k tm;opfrmefopf/ wdu k yf o GJ pf&if; tazwdk@acwf/ baomif;cwfrS atmifausmfwdk@acwf/ atmifqef;cwfodk@ aoG;opfww H m;/ cif;cJw h um;? vGwv f yfa&;u yxr vGwv f yfa&;u 'kw, d vGwv f yfa&;u wwd,? [dik ;f }u;D wav#muf/ [dik ef aH &mufchJ aoG;azmufopPm/ ðycJ&h mu urBmra=u/ Armajyodk@æ? Adv k af wZ/ Adv k af e0if; Adkvfrif;acgif/ AdkvfrSL;atmif Adv k v f a&mif/ Adv k Af xl;æ? e,fcsx J› u G /f zufqpf0if e,fcsK› 0if/ zufqpfxu G f toufac|;aoG; e,fcsa›J wmfveS af &;/ zufqpfawmfveS af &; jynfo@l vGwv f yfa&;æ? vGwv f yfa&;yef;/ awmfveS yf ef;um; Zmcef;qD;aemuf/ yefumatmufwiG f aeajymufjyLwif;/ avaomuf&if;u ae@csif; ncsif;/ csufjcif;ajrcs OHKzrG w _ rf ef;/ yGiv hf ef;vmonfr[kwaf cs? atmifaZ,s atmifqef;/ awmfveS v f rf;u =urf;pG &rf;pG/ yef;tvSZmxd;k yd;k zJaq;jc,f/ vG,af om +ird af om +ird ;f aomtvky/f r[kwcf ahJ =umif; rarhaumif;? e,fcsaJ› jrrSm/ pmayb,fr# &Sio f ef;oenf;? zufqpfajrrSm/ pmayb,fr# xGe;f oenf;? vGwv f yfajru/ pmayb,fvkd vef;apoenf;? wd@k om; wd@k ajr;/ wd@k uav;rSm vGwv f yfa&;[m arG;&myg? ocifrsKd;a[h 'dk@Arm wd@k a&;wJph m/ ocifpm ocifpum;/ wd@k pum;yg? 'dk@acwf 'dk@pm/ 'dk@Arm rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

'dk@omaºu;a=umf/ 'dk@*k%fazmf azmf&if;xdwv f ef@/ pdwrf oef@ vnfqef@aemufjyef=unfw h chJ gæ? ocifpmwGi/f ocifp±ku d f ocif*k%fxdkuf/ vdkufzuf*k%fjr‡ihf ocifo h u d mQ / bmawGygovJ bmpmawGvJ bmvJ b,fv/J v,fvv kd ?J qD;qefet D p/ OD;ausmv f S OD;vGr;f pmaycef;xd/ jyefapmif;=unfh yef;.owif;/ avnif;aqmif&m ar$;oavmufrmS / ar$;yg.? ar$;oifo h avmuf/ rar$;ygu a&;&if;zwf&if;/ oufjyif;cs a&S;upmESi/hf ,SOo f ifh r,SOo f ifh pdwu f xif?h vGwv f yfajrrSm/ pmayjrwfyef; vef;pGiyhf gp/ ar$;ygp? vGwv f yfocif/ pmqd&k iS f oif&@J pmyef; vef;ygp? ar;vmwJhtcg/ rajzom+yD a&;&mrSmvJ/ rvGwv f yf awG;&mrSmvJ/ rvGwv f yf u|eZf mwfuef@vefum/ r˜wif&mu b,frmS óu;+i/d wd@k rod?

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

4

tifwmeufowif;

ÐNLDudk a':pkr,fyikd f Ða':pkv$wfay;a&;

pD;xm;a-umif; etz owif;pmpGyfpJG etzvufuikd w f w k jf zpfonfh jrefrmh tvif;owif;pmyg auwkev D m. ‘t rsK;d om;nDvmcH 1996 ckEpS w f iG f ,m,D &yfqik d ;f oGm;cJ&h onft h a=umif;t&if;’aqmif; yg;Y teft,fv'f o D nf a':atmifqef; pk=unf. yk*v ~ u d ydik f toH;k cscyH pPn;f omjzpfae+y;D teft,fv'f u D kd r,fyikd pf ;D xm;aom a':atmifqef;pk=unfonf taemuftiftm;}u;D tkypf k =. óu;qJ&G m vdu k u f ae&onfh jynfy=oZmcHyq k ed ±f ;kd jzpfonf[k azmfjyxm;onf? 1995 ckESpfwGif a':atmifqef;pk =unf aetdrt f us,cf sKyrf S vGwaf jrmuf vm+y;D aemuf NLDygwD trsK;d om;nD vmcHrS xGucf mG oGm;onfv h yk &f yfa=umifh zJ@G pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'a&;qJjG cif;ESihf ygwD pH'k rD u kd a&pDpepf taumif txnfazmf Edik jf cif;r&Sb d J aESmifah ES;=uef@ =umae&cJ&h onf[v k nf; azmfjyxm;onf? teft,fvf'Durl tqdkyga&;om; csurf sm;onf wOD;wa,muf. xifjrif ,lqcsurf sm;omjzpfonft h wGuf jyef vnfw@kH jyef&efr&S[ d k qdo k nf? tmqD,u H , dk pf m;vS,t f zG@J jrefrm Edik if o H @kd oGm;a&mufonft h cg a':atmif qef;pk=unfukd awG@qH&k ef awmif;qdrk _ rsm; jyKvkyfaecsdefwGif ppftkyfpk.tm abmfrsm;udk azmfjyavh&o dS nfh etzydik f owif;pmu a':atmifqef;pk=unft ay: tjypfyckH sonfh wdu k cf u kd f pGypf rGJ r_ sm; udk wd;k jri‡ jhf yKvyk v f monf?(acwfòyif)

NLDawmif;qdk

2006 ckESpf ESpfopfr*FvmtwGuf rdk;aomufMu,ftzJGUom;rsm;\ BudKqdkEIwfqufpum; vlxak cgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf/ OD;wifO;D ESihf rw&m;t usO;f uscaH e&aom Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm; ab;b,muif;uGmpGmjzifh vGwaf jrmuf=uygap&efEiS hf rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;xkwf a0aeaom rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,ftwGuf pmrlrsm;ay;yd@k =uaom pm ayynm&Sifrsm;/ EdkifiHwuma&muf jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDa&;v_yf&Sm;ae olrsm;/ *sme,fjzpfajrmufa&;twGuf tzufzufrS 0dik ;f 0ef;ulnv D yk f aqmifay;ae=uaom 0goemwl&aJ bmfrsm;/ vltm;/ aiGtm;/ t=uH ^m%ftm;ay;=uaom nDtudkarmifESrrsm;udk txl;aus;Zl;wif&Sd a=umif; ESpo f pftcgor,rSm usuo f a&r*Fvmtaygi;f ESihf jynf0h =uI ud, k pf w d Ef pS yf g; use;f rm±$iv f ef;=uygapvd@k rd;k aomuf=u,ftzG@J om; rsm;u qkreG af umif; awmif;vdu k yf gonf?

jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDacgif;aqmif a': atmifqef;pk=unfudk aetdrftus,f csKyjf zifh qufvufzrf;qD;xm;jcif;onf Oya'ESifhrudkufnDonhftwGuf jyef v$wfay;&ef trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzJG@ csKyrf S 'DZifbm 22 &ufae@wGif w&m;0if awmif;qdv k u kd o f nf? EdkifiHawmftm; zsufqD;vdkolrsm;. tEW&,fukd umuG,o f nft h aejzifh a': atmifqef;pk=unfudk aetdrftus,f csKyzf rf;xm;jcif;tay: NLDrS ppftyk pf k etzppftyk pf . k ar 30 'Dy, J if; rw&m;t=urf;zufowfjzwfco hJ nft h wGuf xH uef@uGupf may;yd@k cJjh cif;jzpfonf? tr_reS af y:ayguaf &;awmif;qdq k ENjyyJu G kd *syefa&muf 'Dru kd a&pDtiftm;pkrsm;rS +idrf;csrf;a&;EdkA,fqk&Sifvnf;jzpfol vpOf qENjyv#u&f adS =umif;ESihf rnforl qdk yl;aygi;f aqmif±u G =f uyg&ef wdu k w f eG ;f Ed;_ a':atmifqef;pk=unfonf EdkifiHawmf aqmfxm;ygonf? udk zsufqD;rnfh tEW&m,f&Sdolr[kwf ojzifh ppftyk pf . k Edik if aH wmftm; qef@ usio f nf[al om pGypf cGJ suo f nf w&m; r0ifa=umif; ay;yd@k pmwGif azmfjyonf? 2003 ckEpS /f ar 30 'Dy, J if;owf jzwfr_}uD;aemufydkif; a':atmifqef;pk =unftm; etzrS zrf;qD;xm;onhf tjyif ,ckEpS f Ed0k ifbmwGif aetdrt f us,cf sKyo f ufwrf; aemuf xyf 6 v xyfrw H ;kd jri‡ o hf nft h wGuf ,ckvkd uef@ uGupf myd@k jcif;jzpfonf? (FIG)

ar 30 qENjyyJG etztcGef±Hk;a&S‹wGif usif;y

OD;wifO;D / a':atmifqef;pk-unfEiS hf tusO;f usjynforl sm;twGuq f ak wmif;yJG *syefEikd if &H dS jrefrmjynf'rD u kd a&pDa&;v_y&f mS ;olrsm;rS pkaygif;I/ OD;wifO;D / a':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf 'Dy&J if;wGif rw&m; vky=f uo H wfjzwfzrf;qD;xm;jcif;cH&olrsm;/ jrefrmjynf'rD u kd a&pD a&;wGif zrf;qD;owfjzwfjcif; cH&olrsm;ESihf jrefrmh'rD u kd &pDa&; twGuf qkawmif;arwWmyd@k y&dw±f w G yf u GJ kd a':atmifqef;pk =unfarG;ae@jzpfaom t*Fgae@wGif tywfpOf usif;yvsuf&&dS m (31 Zefe0g&D 2006) t*Fgae@wGif t}urd w f &m(110) jynfh ajrmufrnfjzpfygonf? rnforl qdk yg0ify;l aygif; qkawmif;Edik yf ga=umif; zdwaf c: tyfygonf? yg0ify;l aygif;ukov kd jf yKvdyk gu080 5680 0546/ 090 7008 0026/ 090 8720 9017/ 090 8171 8465 rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

5

tifwmeufowif;rsm;

Ðvd+ifòrd‹e,f rD;ab;oifhajrae&m

a±$oHv$ifukr`%Dudk csay;

r=umao;rD u rD ; ab;oif h + yD ; ppftyk pf . k pm&if;rsm;t& tdraf xmifpk (2˜000)eD;yg;ESifh vlOD;a& (10˜000) ausmf td;k tdrrf chJ &hJ onfh vdi_ òf r@e,f (13) &yfuu G /f ajrae&mudk a±$ov H iG af qmuf vkyaf &;ukr% ` u D &&So d mG ;+y;D ajrwdik ;f wmr_rsm; pwifvyk af qmifaeonf? “ajrpm&if;OD;pD;Xme&J@ a±$oHv$if ukr% ` u D 0efxrf;awG ajrwdik ;f udpP yl; wJaG qmif±u G af e=uw,fæ”[k vdi_ òf r@ e,f ajrpm&if;±Hk;rS trnfrazmfvdkol 0efxrf;wOD;u ajymonf? ajrwdik ;f tzJ@G ESihf tif*sief , D mtzJ@G wd@k u rnfonft h aqmuftODrsK;d twGuf ajrtus,f rnfr#vt kd yfrnfukd wGuf csuu f m ukr% ` yD ikd &f iS x f H wifjy&rnf jzpf+y;D ukr% ` v D }l u;D rsm;u tm%mydik f rsm;ESihf yl;aygi;f wdik yf ifaqmufvyk o f mG ; rnf[k od&onf? rD;avmifcahJ om tdraf xmifprk sm;t ygt0if tdrt f iSm;ESihf aexdik o f rl sm;udk vuf&SdajruGufwGif jyefvnfae&mcs xm;ray;bJ &efuek òf r@ESiahf 0;&m arSmb f D vrf;ray:&Sd a±$jynfomòr@opf 0g;w&m t&yfwiG f ajruGujf yefay;onf? rD;avmifajrae&mudk a±$ov H iG u f rk ` %Dukd ay;tyf+y;D aemufyikd ;f ukr% ` u D ajrnd‡&Sif;vif;a&;vkyfaqmifEdkif&ef rD; ab;oifholrsm;tm; ‚wdk@,lvdkonfh tºuif;tuseyf pPn;f rsm;,l&ef 'DZifbm 25 &uf eHeufyikd ;f wGif tm%mydik rf sm; u cGifhjyKcJhonf?

rD;ab;oifo h rl sm; rD;avmifjyifae&m a[mif;udk vma&mufI oHwo kd pH rsm;/ tkwcf u J sK;d tkwcf yJ ikd ;f rsm;utp o,f ,l=uonf[k rsujf rifrsm;uajymonf? “rD;ab;oifo h al wG rd;k a&xJrmS npf ywfaemufusad ewJh a&wydik ;f rD;avmif jyifwydik ;f ae&mxJuae oH;k vd@k &r,fh ypPn;f av;awG &SmazGae=uwm odyf a=uuJzG @kd aumif;wmyJæ”[k rsufjrif wOD;u ajymonf?

Ðaumhaomif;wdik ;f aps;

yk*~vduava=umif;vdkif;aps;E_ef;rsm; 2 q ausmfckefwuf jynfwiG ;f c&D;onfav ,mOfpD;crsm;udk ,ckv qef ; wG i f yk * ~ v d u av a=umif;vdik ;f rsm;jzpfaom tJ,m;rEWav;/ &efuek t f J ,m;a0;ESihf tJy*k w H @kd u 2 qausmf wd;k jri‡ o hf ufrw S f vdu k af oma=umifh óuwifbw G u f ifvyk x f m;olrsm;yif c&D;pOfzsu+f y;D um;jzifo h m oGm;=uawmha=umif;/ ,ckavmavmq,f Edik if jH cm;om; txdu k t f avsmuf&adS e ao;aomfvnf; Edik if jH cm;om;tvmuso J nfEiS hf t}u;D tus,x f cd u kd v f m p&m&Sd onf[k ava=umif;vdik ;f wckrS ta&mif;refae*smwOD;u ajymonf? jynfwiG ;f yk*v ~ u d ava=umif;vdik ;f rsm;u &efuek -f rEWav;c&D;pOfukd 23˜000 usyrf S 50˜000 od@k vnf;aumif;/ &efuek -f wmcsv D w d f 46˜000 rS 95˜000 od@k vnf;aumif;/ &efuek -f aumhaomif; 52˜000 rS 95˜000 od@k vnf;aumif; toD; oD;wd;k jri‡ v hf u kd o f nf? Edik if jH cm;om; c&D;onfrsm;twGuu f rkd l vuf&t dS wdik ;f quf vufowfrw S x f m;&m &efuek -f rEWav; a':vm 100/ &efuek -f anmifO;D a':vm 90/ &efuek -f jrpf}u;D em; 165 a':vmjzpfonf? &efuek òf r@rS pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;&Siw f OD;u “tckvkd av,mOfp;D c 2 qausmfjrifh oGm;wm[m Edik if o H m;awG&@J 0ifaiGe@J wGu&f if aps;tvGe}f u;D aew,f? wcsK› cd &D;pOf rSm usyfwode;f eD;yg;jzpfomG ;+y;D rsm;vGe;f wJt h wGuf vlvwfwef;pm; pD;yGm;a&; orm;awGtaeeJ@ pD;Edik af wmhrmS r[kwb f ;l æ”[k ajymonf? aps;csKo d nfjh refrmava=umif;uvnf; omrefjynforl sm; vufrw S 0f ,f,&l tvGecf ufc+J y;D tm%mydik t f odik ;f t0dik ;f uom toH;k rsm;aeojzifh uke;f vrf;c&D; oGm;vm&cufc+J y;D ava=umif;udo k m t"dutm;ðyae&onfh aumh aomif;/ +rw d /f wmcsv D w d /f usKid ;f wHpk onfòh r@rsm;rSjynforl sm; 'kuaQ &muf=urnf[k ‚uqdo k nf?

}uD;rD;avmif rGefjynfe,fwGif; tdrfraqmufbJ ajruGuf tvGwfrsm;xm;v#if ajrodrf;rnf

weoFm&Dwikd ;f / aumhaomif;òr@/ t À0g&yfuu G &f dS wdik ;f aps;}u;D Y 'DZifbm 29 &ufae@nae 5 em&D aps;ydwo f rd ;f csed w f iG f rD;pwifavmifu|r;f &m n 10 em&Da&mufrS rD;!$ef@usKd;oGm;a=umif; aumhaomif;òr@cHwOD;u ajymonf? ‚u “aps;odr;f wJt h csed jf zpfae+y?D 5 em&Dqakd wmh aps;ydw+f y;D vlawGxu G f wJt h csed rf mS avmifwm? avmifaewke;f tayguaf pmifu h wHcg;zGirhf ay;awmh rD; 0ifwm;r&awmhb;l ? waps;vH;k tm;vH;k ajymifoGm;w,f? tckxd rD;cdk;aiG@awG useaf eao;w,fæ”[k ajymonf? rD ; avmif r _ a =umif h vl t aot aysmufr&Sad omfvnf; qdik t f m;vH;k rD; avmifc&H ojzifh ypPn;f tajrmuftjrm; qH;k ±_;H oGm;a=umif; od&onf?(acwfòyif)

rGejf ynfe,ftwGi;f vlaetdrrf aqmufbx J m;aom jcaH jruGurf sm;udk oufqidk f &m &yfuu G af us;±Gm vl}u;D rsm;rS odr;f qnf;rnf[k +crd ;f ajcmufaeonf? 'DZifbm 25 &ufae@wGif rGejf ynfe,f/ rk'òkH r@ awmifbuf=umwJaG us;±GmwGif ,&uOuUX OD;pdefrS tpnf;ta0;ac:,lum aetdrfraqmufvkyf&ao;aom ajruGuyf ikd &f iS rf sm;tm; tdraf qmuf&ef ajym=um;cJjh cif;jzpfonf? “c&pPrwfae@uaygah emfæ? ±GmOuUXu tpnf;ta0;ac:w,f? vrf;r}u;D awG ab;rSm ajruGuaf wG tvGwrf xm;&bl;? tdraf qmuf&r,fw?hJ tdrrf aqmuf&if ajrodr;f r,fw?hJ usrwd@k vJ ajruGu0f ,fwm usyf ode;f 30 ausmfusw,f? tdrf aqmufz@kd ydu k q f rH &Sad o;bl;æ”[k =umwJ±G mG olwOD;u ajymonf? rk'òHk r@e,fwckv;kH rS aus;±Gmrsm;wGiv f nf; vrf;rsuEf mS pmrsm;. ab;wzuf wcsuw f iG f jcu H u G v f yfrsm;r&Sad p&bJ oGyrf ;kd xm;onfah etdrrf sm; aqmufvyk &f rnf [k trde@f xkwaf ea=umif; od&onf? tvm;wl u&ifjynfe,f/ jr0wDòr@wGiv f nf; aetdrrf sm;tm;vH;k oGyrf ;kd &rnf? rvdu k ef mygu '%f±u kd rf nf[k tm%mydik rf sm;rS trde@f xkwx f m;a=umif;vnf; od&onf? (vGwv f yfaomowif;tzJ@G rS) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

6

twˆKy`wadW qmif;yg;

ordki ;f yg&*la'gufwmoef;xGe;f (armifpGrf;&nf) ordik ;f yg&*la'guw f moef;xGe;f uG,f vGefoGm;wmudk ESajrmwo0rf;enf;& a=umif; tvGr;f pmwapmifukd zwf=um; vdu k cf siyf gw,f? rEWav;wuUodkvfu t+idrf;pm;yg armuQ/ urBmausm/f jrefrmhordik ;f ynm &Sif a'guw f moef;xGe;f [m 2005 Ed0k if bm 29 &ufae@u rEWav; tr&yl&òr@/ awmiforeftif;apmif;/ OD;ynmawmif av;vH;k ausmif;rSm tarvlxak ':trm touf 90 jynfah rG;ae@udk vma&muf qifE+GJ y;D / aemufwae@ Ed0k ifbm 30 &uf/ eHeuf 2 em&DrmS ESv;kH a&m*ge@J uG,v f eG f oGm;cJ&h mS ygw,f? q&mhb0rSm q&mtvkycf siq f ;kH t vkyaf wGukd trsm;qH;k vkyo f mG ;wJah e&m [m rEWav;wuUov kd ef ,fajrrSmyJjzpf w,fv@kd qdEk ikd o f vd/k rdwaf qG&if;wynfh &if; &Jabmf&zJ uftaygi;f toif;awGe@J &,f&,fðyH;ðyH; ESvHk;arG@avsmf&mae&m [mvJ awmif o ref t if ; apmif ; u awmifav;vH;k ausmif;yJjzpfw,fv@kd us aemfw@kd &J&q J 0kd yhH gw,f? q&mtouf&iS af eao;&if tvkyf awGtrsm;}u;D qufvyk af eOD;rSm rkcsrvJG jzpfv@kd ckvkd q&mtaoapmwmudk us aemfw@kd wawG[m q&mhro d m;pke@J xyf

wlxyfr# 0rf;enf;&ayrJh q&marG@avsmf &mae&mudk q&mudk,fwdkif a±G;cs,f uG,fvGefcJhwma=umifh ajzr,fqdk ajz omao;&J@vd@k usaemfw@kd ajymwmudk w rvGefb0u q&m=um;Edkifr,fqdk&if acgi;f rmw,f toJrmw,fv@kd ausmf =um;wJq h &m[m cgwikd ;f vdk ðy;H +y;D acgi;f wndwn f w d f vkyaf erSm aocsmygw,f? rEWav;rSm usaemfw@kd wawG pmay vkyif ef;awGvyk =f u/ a&;=uc|w=f u/ ajym =ua[m=ueJ@ tm;wufoa&mjzpfae =ucsed rf mS usaemfw@kd a&Su › rm;rm;rwf rwf&yfwnfay;ol/ &Jabmf&Jbufo zG,/f i,faygi;f }u;D azmfawGyrm nDtudk &if;csmawGvkd cspcf ifpnf;vH;k vSwhJ &Jo;kH azmfuawmh ‘vlxOk ;D vS’/ rEWav;wuU odkvfygarmuQcsKyf‘OD;ausmf&if’eJ@ rEW av;wuUov kd o f rdik ;f ygarmuQ ‘a'guf wmoef;xGe;f ’wd@k yJ jzpfygw,f? q&m}u;D oH;k OD;eJ@twl ausmufx;D wEW&/ tm;uk;d ðy&olrsm;uawmh q&m }u;D ‘a±$jynfO;D bwif’/ q&mawmf‘a±$ udik ;f om;’eJ@ tar‘vlxak ':trm’wd@k jzpfygw,f? cktcg tarvlxak ':trm uvJ&G if usaemfw@kd tm;xm;&m q&mh q&m}u;D rsm;[m wOD;+y;D wOD; uG,v f eG f =u&Smyg+y?D

ta0;a&mufwynfh uAsmq&m wifr;kd u q&moef;xGe;f uG,v f eG o f mG ; wJt h cgrmS “rd;k aumif;uifu =u,fwm&mawG wyGi+hf y;D wyGiahf ºu aºuavor# tpm;xd;k vd@k r& ESajrma=uuJGrd woo”pojzifh pmzJ@G cJyh gw,f? usaemfw@kd tm;vH;k ESajrm0rf;enf;r qH;k ,lusK;H r&jzpf=u&ygw,f? q&moef;xGef;[m rEWav;Zmwd r[kwyf gb;l ? q&mhukd {&m0wDwikd ;f / i odik ;f acsmif;/ a'gi}hf u;D ±GmrSm OD;zd;k axG/ a': oifw@kd u 1923/ {+yD 6 &ufrmS arG;zGm;cJh ygw,f? q&m[m i,fpOfu Edik if aH &;vkycf hJ oljzpfygw,f? iodik ;f acsmif;òr@e,f zqy vOuUÏ/ ppf+yD;p &efukefwuUodkvf ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmif/ AuoOuUÏ/ ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDawmcdkcsdeftxd uGejf rLepfygwaD cgi;f aqmifpojzifh wm 0efawG,lcJhygw,f? onfaemuf/ pm zwf/ pma&;/ okawoetvkyaf wGukd r em;wrf;vkycf &hJ mrSm touf 83 ESpt f ±G,/f q&muG,v f eG cf sed t f xd wae@ 14 em&Dr# ae@pOftvkyv f yk cf yhJ gw,f? Arm jynfu ynm&Siaf vmurSm pmtzwf qH;k eJ@ okawoetvkyq f ;kH jzpfv@kd q&mh wynfah wGu q&mhwynfjh zpf&wmudk txl;*k%, f =l uygw,f? ynm&Sit f aeeJ@ xrf;aqmifcw hJ w hJ m 0efawGuawmh Adkvfae0if;ydwfqdk@&yf qdkif;ypfcJhwJh jrefrmEdkifiHokawoet oif ; *sme,f J BRS t,f ' D w m/ a&S ; a[mif;okawoetoif;wnfaxmifo/l rEWav;wuUov kd o f rdik ;f ygarmuQ/ *syef/ t*Fvef/ tar&duefwuUov kd }f u;D awG rSm ordkif;ygarmuQ/ jrefrmordkif;Xme rsm;&J@ *k%fxl;aqmifygarmuQpojzifh jzpfwt hJ jyif txufArmEdik if H pma&;q &mtoif ; &J @ xm0&em,u}uD ; vJ jzpfygw,f? q&m[m pmrsK;d pHzk wf&if; wcsK› 0d wˆK awGudk bmomjyefavhusifhcef;tjzpf tptqH;k bmomjyefcw hJ mawG trsm; }u;D &Syd gw,f? okawoeðy+y;D jrefrmvdk a&;cJo h r#uv kd J ud, k w f ikd af &;wJph mawG udyk gru/ wynfah wGe@J vkyaf zmfuikd zf uf awGa&;wJph mawGuv kd J t*Fvyd v f kd bm

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

omjyefygw,f? a&;om;xkwaf 0xm;wJh pmtkyaf wG vJ trsm;}u;D &Sw d t hJ jyif ‘uGeo f m,m’ pmtkyfwdkuftrnfeJ@ udk,fwdkifquf vufxw k af 0r,hf pmtkyaf wGvJ trsm; }u;D &Syd gw,f? uGeo f m,mqdw k myk*aH cwfausmuf pmxJupmvH;k yg? omom,m,muGe;f cdk p&mtdro f m,mvd@k t"dym` ,f&ygw,f? rEWav;wuUodkvfrSm q&maewJhtdrf udk ‘uGeo f m,m’vd@k pmwef;a&;xm; wmudk axmufvrS ;f a&;u ‘uGejf rLepf &dyo f m’vd@k t"dym` ,faumuf+y;D txl; axmufvrS ;f pHpk rf;wmudk cHc&hJ zl;ygw,f? q&mu bJ@G vufrw S &f w,fqw kd m oloif,rl w S o f m;cJw h hJ pmayawG/ tod ynmawGudk tajccH+yD; a&S›udktvkyf qufvkyfzdk@jzpfw,fvdk@ ,lqygw,f? wuUodkvfq&mawG[m oufqdkif&m bmom&yfawGrSm okawoevkyf+yD; ausmif;om;awGukd oif=um;yd@k csay;& r,fv@kd ajymavh&ydS gw,f? ckacwfrmS yg armuQawG[m '&0rf*w d af pmifyh J vkyf ae=u&vd@k ynma&;wd;k wufrmS r[kwf bl;vd@k vJ rSwcf suaf y;chyJ gw,f? q&m[m rSew f mvkyf [kww f majym avh&o dS t l jzpfvJ xif&mS ;ygw,f? rif;vdk vdu k f rif;óuufvyk af vhr&Sw d hJ ynm&Sif yDool/ a,mrif;}u;D vdyk *k Kd~ vrf sK;d vJjzpf ygw,f? om"utjzpf wckavmufajym& &if Adkvfcif!$ef@wa,muf qifjzLw aumifaumuf&vd@k txl;0rf;ajrmufae wJt h cg wcsK› o d rdik ;f ynm&Siaf wGu a0 oEW&mrif;}uD;&J@ ypP,qifjzLawmfu p+y;D jrefrmrif;tqufqufrmS qifjzL &Sib f @GJ cHcw hJ hJ bk&ifawGe@J qifjzLawG&@J t a=umif;awGukd azmfxw k *f % k w f if a&; om;wifqufc=hJ uygw,f? q&mhudkar;awmh “qifjzLjzpfjzpf qifrjJ zpfjzpf qif[m wd&p>mefy/J wd& p>mefukd vlu&Sprf cd;k tyfb;l æ”vd@k bGi;f bGi;f }u;D ajymcsvu kd yf gw,f? q&mt+idrf;pm;,l+yD; qufvkyfae wmu ol@wynf‘h a':eDejD rif’h !$ecf sKyf tjzpftkyfcsKyfwJh wuUodkvfordkif;ok awoeÏmerSmjh zpfygw,f? wzufpmrsufEmS od@k «

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

7

uAsm

a*gwra& rjyefaveJ‹ atmifjcif;ud;k yg; t˜ygayh wifr;kd &,f ausmufqif;wk ud, k af wmfukd 'Du tusK;d ta=umif; ukepf ifatmif av#mufxm;+y;D rS rjyefaveJ@vdk@ rif;wm;vd@k &rwJv h m;æ? &Siaf wmfb&k m;u t,kwq f ;kH t±dik ;f qH;k qd&k if csujf cif;awG@/ &atmifc|wf atmifjcif;ud;k yg; vmr,fav rif;rrDrmS igp;kd w,fæ? ?

a'guw f moef;xGe;f jrefrmEdik if H ordik ;f ynm&Si}f u;D a'guw f moef;xGe;f u vlxu k Asmq&m}u;D wifr;kd tar&duefEikd if u H ae a&;om;xkwaf 0vdu k w f hJ ‘Ak'e< @J awG@qHjk cif;’uAsmudk zwf±+_ y;D a&;om;vdu k w f u hJ Asmjzpfygw,f? tqdyk guAsmudk *syefEikd if x H w k f ‘a±$armfueG ;f r*~Zif;’ trSwf 37 rS ul;,lazmfjyjcif;jzpfygw,f? q&mwifr;kd &J@ ‘Ak'e< @J awG@qHjk cif;’uAsmudkvJ pmzwfolrsm; ESpfoufoabmus rnf[k ,lqaoma=umifh jyefvnfcpH m;Edik af tmif yl;wJaG zmfjyvku d yf gw,f?

a':eDeDjrifhqdkwm trsm;od=uwJht wdkif; AdkvfcsKyfae0if;&J@ZeD;wOD;jzpfvdk@ AdkvfcsKyfuawmf/ tm%m&Sifuawmf jzpfygw,f? &efukefwuUodkvf tr& aqmifav;xyf&@J ta&SO› ;D zsm;tcef;rSm/ ol@tcef;rSmyJ aumaZmcif;+y;D avat; pufwyfaeygw,f? wae@awmh ajrnDxyfrSmaewJh ol@ q&ma'guw f moef;xGe;f udk “igawG@csif w,f/ igq h aD c:cJæ h ”vd@k ol@wynfh q&m rav;wOD;udk tac:v$wv f u kd yf gw,f? q&mu bmajymw,frSwfovJ? “ighae&moloo d m;yJ/ olawG@csif&if ig qD v maygh æ ”vd k @ ajymv$ w f v d k u f ygw,f? q&mu tJ'v D ykd *k Kd~ vrf sK;d yg? tJovdk rma=umwJyh *k Kd~ vjf zpfayr,hf ol@udk nDt &if;vdk csicf iftm;ay;apmifah &SmufwhJ vl xkOD;vSta=umif;udk ajym=u+yDvm; qdk&if tarvlxka':trm&J@ t&ifOD; atmif rsu&f nfrxde;f Edik jf zpf&ol[m q &moef;xGe;f yJjzpfygw,f?

q&m[m awmiforeftif;apmif; rSm vlxOk ;D vStxdr;f trSwf ‘r,fZ,f yif’eJ@ ol@&Jabmf/ rEWav;wuUodkvf ausmif;om;or*~OuUÏ ‘udak pmvGi’f t wGuf txdr;f trSwrf ,fZifyif wyifpD pdu k cf yhJ gw,f? q&m&J@ b0aemufqHk;tcsdefrSm 'D r,fZ,fwef;&J@+idrf;csrf;ajrrSm tarvl xka':trmudk *k%fjyKpum;ajym=um; &if; csK;d iSurf sm;udv k w $ +f y;D +ird ;f csr;f a&; qENukd azmfxw k cf yhJ gw,f? awmifav; vH;k e,fajrrSm ‘oef;xGe;f r,fZ,fyif’qdk wJt h rnfrsK;d urŠn;f xd;k +y;D tarvlxk a':trm/ q&muawmfrr&Dwdk@eJ@ w ynfo h m;ajr;awGu r,fZ,fyiftopf wyif pdu k =f u&r,fxifygw,f? q&mv$wfcJhwJh csKd;iSufuav;awG [m q&mpdu k cf w hJ hJ r,fZ,fyif/ r,fZ,f udik ;f wd@k rSm +ird ;f +ird ;f csr;f csr;f ab;roef;yJ pHjref;yso H ef;Edik =f uygapownf;? usaemfarmifprG ;f &nfyg? S

Ak'<ESifh awG‹qHkjcif; wifrdk; bmr[kwf nmr[kwef @J igA'k b < &k m;udak wmifrS a&S;a[mif;ypPn;f awGt=um;rSm a&mif;pm;cH& pD;yGm;a&;rsupf d pl;&SwhJ 'Dvdk Oa&myrSm rif;u bmvmvkyo f vJv@kd Ak'u < ar;awmfrw l ,f? ud, k af wmfrodv@kd aemf ud, k af wmfom jrefrmEdik if rH mS &S&d if ylaZrdtrsK;d rsK;d eJ@ &Scd ;kd cH&rSmawmh trSeyf gy?J 'gayr,fh rrSew f mawGajym/ rrSew f mawGa[mae& uf, k af wmfa&m Aka'
rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

ppfwyfqw kd m jynfou l t kd Edik u f sizhf @kd ajr‡mufyifhtm;ay; "m;aoG;cdik ;f xm;wJh t±dik ;f rsm;&J@cdv k &H_ m Adv k w f umwd@k &J@ bk&ifygb&k m;æ? Adv k af e0if;ppfwyfqw kd m ypfcwfzdk@eJ@ npfywfz@kd yJow d mr[kwv f m;? jynfoal wGuawmh wufwufrGJ &[ef;aumif;awGu cGuv f ufpGJ 'if;wd@k awGu obufo&J vufeufyJ t"du vufeufyJ y"me vufeufp;kd rd;k wJh ppf0g'yg? ud, k af wmht f zd@k uawmh Oa&my plygrm;uwfrmS +ird o f ufpmG pHyg` ,w f murS tEW&m,fcyford ;f uif;aysmuf+ird ;f +y;D ode;f oef;ru wefz;kd wuf Ak'< Ak'
Moe Thauk Kye Journal

8

e,fomvefEikd if o H wif;

OD;0if;wifvGwfajrmufa&;v_yf&Sm;r_ e,fomvefEdkifiHwGif usif;yjyKvkyf 'DZifbm 10 &ufae@wGiu f sa&mufonhf Edik if w H umvl@tcGit hf a&;ae@txdr;f trSwt f jzpf e,fomvefEikd if t H ajcpdu k f Edik if w H umvGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGit hf zJ@G cJrG v S nf; e,fomvefEikd if /H Amsterdamòr@&Sd ‚wd@k ±H;k taqmuftODEiS hf e,fomvefEikd if H ajrmufzufq;kH usaom Groningenòr@&Sd Openbare Library Scholtens Wristers Bookstore, Godert Waller BookstoreESihf Boomker Bookstorewd@k Y pnfum;odu k òf rufpmG usi;f ycJo h nf? tqdyk gae@wGif jrefrmEdik if rH S owif;pmq&m}u;D OD;0if;wifEiS t hf wl usL;bm;Edik if rH (S Jose En Lijis Ferrer)/ w±kwEf ikd if rH (S Hada)/ qD;&D;,m;Edik if rH (S Haythem Al-HamwiESifh Nikolaj Statkevich)/ ql'efEdkifiHrS(Mohammed Abbou)tygt0if wle;D &Sm;/ wm*spef pPwefEiS hf yD±;l Edik if rH sm;Y tusO;f uscaH e&aom owif;pmq&m(10)OD;.ta=umif;udk ajym=um;&Si;f vif;um/ ‚wd@k vGwaf jrmufa&;twGuf awmif;qdv k maompm±Guaf y:ESihf owif;pmq&m(10)OD;yHk ydwjf zLay: Y 0dik ;f 0ef;vufrw S x f m;=uonf? wufa&mufvmonfh 'kw, d òr@awmftyk cf sKyaf &;t&m&S/d Edik if aH &;ygwrD sm;rS wm0ef&o dS rl sm;/ todynm&Sif twwfynm&Sirf sm;/ pma&;q&m uAsmq&mrsm;/ owif;axmufrsm;/ owif;pmq&mrsm;ESifh òr@olòr@om;rsm;rS vl@tcGifhta&;ta=umif;/ owif;pmq&m(10)OD;ta=umif;wdk@udk ajym=um;+yD;vsif tm;vHk;u jrefrmEdik if o H wif;pmq&m}u;D OD;0if;wifvw G af jrmufa&;twGuf atmufygtwdik ;f qENjyKawmif;qd=k uonf? 1)Our good wishes, for now and the future are with you. 2)Do not loose hope. 3)Our greatest desire, freedom for you. 4)U Win Tin We hope for your release. 5)Not only today, we think of you. ae@v,fyikd ;f wGif 'Dru kd &ufwpfjrefrmhtoH (DVB)rS

udck ifarmif0if;/ udak usmaf usmo f ef;ESihf roif;oD&w d @kd vnf; a&muf&v dS m=u+y;D / roif;oD&rd S OD;0if;wif. use;f rma&; tajctae/ OD;0if;wif(1954 rS 1957)xd Amsterdam òr@Y owif;pmynmoif,&l if; aexdik cf ahJ =umif;ESihf q&mOD; 0if;wifvw G af jrmufa&;twGuf óu;yrf;ay;wmudk *k%, f l av;pm;a=umif;/ OD;0if;wifrmS axmif'%fuscaH ewm (16) ESpaf usm+f y;D jzpfv@kd tckvókd u;yrf;aewmudk odciG &hf r,fq&kd if 0rf;omrSmjzpfa=umif; ajym=um;oGm;ygonf? tqdyk gtcrf; Groningenòr@tkyfcsKyfa&;t&m&Sd Mr.Koninginu OD;0if;wifta=umif;t&mrsm;ESifh tusOf;uscHae&yHkudk tem;udk Boomker bookstorewd@k rSwqifh wdu k ±f u kd f zwf=um;aepOf(0J)ESihf Scholtens Wristers Bookstore twGi;f Y Mr. Willem Smink(Vice-mayor hf a&; ESihf owif;pmq&mrsm;vGwaf jrmufa&;udk ajym=um;aeyH(k ,m) tar;tajzðyvkyf+yD; OOG Raidio& TW RTV of Groningen)u vl@tcGit NoordrS toHxw k v f i$ ahf y;cJyh gonf? (ay;yd@k ol? ? aX;Edik f MTK-e,fomvef)

awmfvSefa&;usm; Útaræ ab;pum;rsm; r,Hv k u dk ef @J awG;um;&ifrmS ;vdræ hf Útarh&@J om; tar@&J@aoG; &J&ifw h ahJ oG; &J&ifw h ahJ wmfveS af &;eJ@ c0gcsrhJ aoG;eJ@ac|; Ú&J&eJ D cGyaf 'gi;f tvH wdu k yf 0GJ if &Jpw d rf mef psmef0ifv@kd cGyw f [ hJ ef &J0v hH @kd pdwºf um; olrwl waumifbmG ; usm;&Jqrkd u S sm;æ

armif rd;k ndK rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

9

Moe Thauk Kye Journal *syefjynfwiG ;f v+y&f mS ;r+owif;rsm;

rpkpak EG;twGuf &ckid 'f rD udk a&pDtzG‹J csKyf (jynfy)*syefrS tv_aiG ay;tyf

JAR

±H;k cef;ae&mopfziG vhf pS yf GJ usi;f yjyKvkyf

,cif IIdabashiwGif zGiv hf pS cf ahJ om JAR(Japanese Assiociation for hf pS yf GJ Refugee). ±k;H cef;ae&mopf zGiv tm%mykid af wG&@J t"rRvyk t f m;ay; apckid ;f r_udk uk, d u f sK;d rzufyJ owW&d &dS dS wGe;f vSecf w hJ hJ rpkpak EG;ukd rw&m;zrf;;qD; axmifcscv hJ @dk axmif'%f 1 ESpf 8 v usccH &hJ ygw,f? olr&J@ &J&ifw h phJ w d "f mwf eJ@ uk, d u f sK;d pGe@f tepfemcHru _ dk av;pm; *k%jf yKwt hJ aeeJ@ jynfwiG ;f rSma&m jynf yrSmyg tvSLaiGawG qufwu dk af umuf cHvLS wef;cJ=h uygw,f? ,ckvdk vSLwef;=uolawGxrJ mS *syef Ekid if &H dS jrefrmh'rD u dk a&pDa&;v_y&f mS ;aewJh olrsm;uyg tvSLaiGawG aumufcx H nfh 0ifv#uf&Sd+yD;/ &ckdif'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyf (jynfy)*syef/ (Araken League for Democracy)uvnf; rpkpak EG;twGuf tvSLaiGay;tyfyGJ tcrf;tem;wckukd 'D Z if b m 18 &uf a e@u MINAMI OTSUKAwGiu f si;f yjyKvyk o f mG ;cJyh gonf? tcrf;tem;wGif ALDrS r=uL=uL 0if;u tv_aiGay;tyf&jcif;ESifhyuf oufI &Si;f vif;ajym=um;oGm;+y;D / ALD

&J@OuUXjzpfol OD;aZmfrif;ckid rf S rpkpak EG; twGuf tv_aiGaumufcv H #u&f o dS nfh tzG@J rS wm0ef&o dS w l OD;jzpfwhJ rav;av; ukd *syef,e;faiG 40000 wdwd ay;tyf v_wef;chyJ gonf? tv_aiGay;tyfyo JG @kd &cdik 'f rD u kd a&pD tzG@J 0ifrsm;/ zdw=f um;xm;olrsm; wuf a&mufc=hJ u+y;D / *syefEikd if o H @kd acwWa&muf &Sad eaom &[efysKrd sm;or*~OuUX &Siaf c rmpm&uyg wufa&mufcs;D jri‡ chf o hJ nf? ,cktcsdefxd aumufcH&&SdaiGaygif; rSm 150700 ,ef; jzpf+y;D tqdyk gaiGtm; vHk;udk trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf vlrt _ axmuftuljyK tzG@J rSwqifh ay; tyfv_wef;oGm;rnfjzpf+yD; qufvuf vSLwef;vdyk gu- 090 9800 6886/ 090 4964 9718/ 090 3527 7320/ 090 8500 1642/ 090 4924 2906/ 090 1826 0664/ 090 4527 2240 rsm;od@k qufo, G v f LS wef;Edik yf gonf? ausmfEikd (f MTK)

ESihf vlo;kH ukeyf pPn;f rsm;udk vufaqmif tjzpf xyfraH y;cJyh gonf? JARtzJ@G onf *syefEi kd if &H dS UNHCR . vufatmufct H zJ@G wckjzpf+y;D *syeft pd;k &xHwiG f 'kuo Q nftjzpf av#mufxm; olrsm;. ta&;udprP sm;twGuf ulnD aqmif±u G af y;vsu&f o dS nf? ae&mopfvyd pf mrSm-

tcrf;tem;udk 'DZifbm 18 &ufae@/ ae@vnf 1 em&DrS nae 5 em&Dtxd ae&mopfjzpfaom Shibuyac±dik /f Sa kura ShinmachiblwmteD;&Sd ‚wd@k .ae&mtopfwiG f usi;f yjyKvyk cf o hJ nf? 2-11-5, xdyk o GJ @kd zdw=f um;xm;aom *syefEikd f Sakura Shinmachi, iH&Sd 'kuQonfrsm;ESifh/ 'kuQonftjzpf Setagaya-ku, Tokyo. av#mufxm;olrsm;vnf; wufa&mufchJ Tel: 03 5451 5051 =u+y;D tpm;taomufrsm;/ bif*u kd pm; Fax: 03 5451 5052 enf;rsm;jzifh {nfch u H m tpm;taomuf *srf;(MTK)

jrefrmwdik ;f &if;om;aygi;f pHrk wd of [mtoif;rS X'masyJaG wmf usi;f yjyKvkyf

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

*syefEikd if aH &muf jrefrmwdik ;f &if;om; vlrsK;d rsm;pkaygi;f I X'masyJaG wmfEiS hf "rR aw;oDq*kd % k jf yKyt GJ crf;tem;wcktm; ‘jrefrmwdik ;f &if;om;aygi;f pHk c&pf,mef rdwfo[mtoif;’bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif; wGif 'DZifbmv 18 &uf nae 3 em&DrS n 7 em&Dtxd usi;f ycJyh gonf? tqdyk gyaGJ wmfwiG f c&pfawmf. arG; ae@udók uqdak omoDcsi;f rsm;/ aumif;cs;D pum;rsm;ajym=um;um c&pf p rwf vufaqmifypPn;f rsm; tjyeftvSev f J vS,jf cif;rsm;udv k nf; aysm±f iG pf mG jyKvyk f cJ=h uonf? awmom;}u;D (MTK)

10

bmvdkvdkeJ@ 2005 ckESpf}uD;vnf; ukeo f mG ;ygyaum? 'DESpfxJrSm bmawGjzpfcJhovJ jyef =unfh&if ‘jzpf’wmawGu tvGefrsm; avawmh b,f[mu ta&;ygrSef;/ b,f[mu ta&;rygreS ;f awmif cGjJ cm; zd@k cufvrd rhf ,fxifyg&?hJ urBmrh 'D , D mawG&hJ xk;H pHtwkid ;f w ESpfwmtwGif; ta&;ygtxl;jcm;qkH; ‘awmhyw f ef;’ pm&if;awGvnf; xGuf vmae=uwmawG@&yg+yD? 'Dvdkpm&if; awG jyKpkwJhtcg xkH;pHrysuf&atmif ud, k ef @J eD;pyfwhJ udpaP v;awGukd omom xk;d xd;k a&G;cs,v f u kd zf @kd vnf; rarhravsmh =uwm awG@&yg&?hJ jynfyrD'D,mawG&Jh a±G;cs,fcsufeJ@ etzrD', D m&Jh a&G;cs,cf suaf wGukd ,SOf =unfhcsifpdwfawmif aygufrdygw,f? jynf y rD ' D , mawG u uk v vk H j cH K a&; aumifprD mS jrefrmhta&; aqG;aEG;jzpf=u wmudk xdyw f ef;owif;tjzpf a±G;cs,f &if/ etzrD', D mu anmifEpS yf ifnv D m cH}u;D jyefusi;f ywmudk xdyw f ef;tjzpf a±G;cs,rf ,fxifyg&?hJ jynfyrD', D mawGu a':atmifqef; pk=unf touf 60 jynfah rG;ae@udk w urBmvk;H u *k%jf yKusi;f yku H kd tus,f jyef@qk;H vlxv k y_ &f mS ;r_v@kd owfrw S cf sed f rSm etzrD', D mu =uzhH @HG &Jh tzsuo f rm; qef@usifa&;pnf;a0;yGJudk tm;yg;w& cs;D rGr;f r,fxifyg&?hJ tJovdk pOf=unfv h u kd &f if etzrD'D ,meJ@ jynfyrD', D mawG[m jy'g;wvrf; oHwvrf;tjzpfe@J ajzmifah jzmif}h u;D qef@ usiaf ewmudk awG@&Edik yf gw,f? rD', D m ESpcf k ajzmifah jzmif}h u;D qef@usiaf ew,f qdw k mudu k olw@kd aemufu y&dowf }u;D ESpcf v k nf; vk;H 0ajzmifah jzmif}h u;D qef@ usiaf ew,fqw kd o hJ abmyJ r[kwaf y bl;vm;? “tr,f- 'grsm; rif;rajymvnf; vl wdik ;f odae=uwmygæ”vd@k ud}k u;D ay:udk tjypfwifr,fqv kd J wifygava&mh? vl wdik ;f odae=uwJh ta=umif;xJuyJ awG; rdwmav;udk ajymcsiv f @kd yg? etzAdv k cf sKy}f u;D awGe@J olw@kd &Jyh gw empD;yGm;a&;orm;awG [m jrefrmEdik if H wckvkH;udk csKyfudkifxm;+yD; vkyfcsif&m vkyaf e=uwm[m jynfov l x l k oabm

Moe Thauk Kye Journal 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456

uoduatmuftawG;rsm; (11) ud}k uD;ay:

qENeJ@ vkH;vkH;qef@usifzDvmjzpfae=u wmyg? bma=umifh qef@usizf v D mjzpf ae&ovJqw kd hJ ta=umif;&if;ud&k mS &if etz&Jh vky&f yfawG[m jynfov l x l t k usdK;twGufr[kwfbJ olwdk@tusdK;t wGuyf J jzpfaevd@k qdw k hJ tajzudk &rSmyg? [kwo f ayg?h wdik ;f jynftm%mudk &,l xm;+y;D jynfo@l tusKd ;twGurf vky&f if jynfou l b,f}uKd uEf ikd yf grh vJ? Edk@- AdkvfcsKyf}uD;awGu olwdk@t wGuf vkyfaewmygvdk@ b,frSmajym xm;vd@k vJ/ Edik if aH wmftwGuf vkyaf e wmyg vd@k ajymaewmr[kwb f ;l vm;/ rif;u bmapm'u wufae&wmvJ vd@k ra[mufvu kd yf ge@J cifAsm? ud}k u;D ay:u &rf;ajymaewm r[kwf ygb;l ? a[m'D urBm}u;D ay:rSmav ‘ig wd@k twGuf vkyaf ewmuG’vd@k ajymwJh tpd;k &rsm;&Scd &hJ if ud}k u;D ay:udk qGx J w k f jyprf ; yg? ord k i f ; wav#muf r S m w a,mufavmufrsm;awG@vdu k cf sif prf;yg bd? aemuf+y;D vmvwW@H aom tpd;k & awGxrJ mS &SEd ikd w f ,fq&kd ifvnf; }uKd wif a[mude;f av; ay;vdu k =f uprf;yg? +y;D awmh Edik if aH wmftwGuf wdik ;f jynf twGuf jynfot l wGuv f @kd ajymae=u wJh tpd;k &rif;rsm;tm;vk;H xJrmS ‘ud, k t hf usK;d twGuf vk;H 0rvky’f wJh tpd;k &rsm;&Sd &if ud}k u;D ay:udk vufw@kd jyprf;yg? rao cifav; jrifoGm;csifvdk@yg? Adv k cf sKy}f u;D awG ajymaewmawGukd awmh ud}k u;D ay:u ay,smvuefxm; vdu k cf siyf gw,f? olw@kd vkyw f mawGukd yJ =unfo h ifw h ,fv@kd xifygw,f? olw@kd vkyw f mawGu=kd unf&h if olw@kd b,fvkd awG;w,fqw kd m odEikd w f mayg?h olw@kd awG;wmudo k &d if olw@kd &Jh tod^m%ft qifu h kd tuJjzwfv@kd &Edik w f mayg?h etzAk d v f c sKyf } uD ; awG & J h vk y f y k H awG;ykHudk =unfhvdkufawmh udk}uD;ay: i,fi,fu zwfcJhzl;wJh ykHjyifwyk’fudk oGm;owd& rdygw,f? wcgwkef;u ±Gmw±GmrSm ‘ynm&Sd

}uD;’qdkwJhol wa,muf&Sdw,fwJh? y nm&S}d u;D [m ±GmrSmjzpfay:wJh ta&;udpP awGudk qkH;jzwfay;&avh&Sdawmh ±Gm&Jh =oZmtm%mt&Sq d ;Hk yk*K~ v d f jzpfaew,f wJ?h ±Gmom;awGuvnf; bmta&;udpP av;yJjzpfjzpf ynm&S}d u;D qDomG ;+y;D tqk;H tjzwfc, H al vh&o dS wJ?h =umawmh ynm &S}d u;D [m ±GmrSm ol@udk jyefveS af 0zef aqG;aEG;r,fo h rl &Sw d hJ +yKd izf ufuif;yk*K~ v d f }u;D jzpfvm/ ±Gmom;awGvnf; ol@udk ±dk aoOD;!$w+f y;D ol@udyk J tm;ud;k av;pm; ae=uowJ?h wae@rS m awmh EG m ;i,f a v;w aumif[m a&td;k xJua&udk ik@H aomuf &if; td;k xJukd acgi;f 0ifomG ;w,f? EGm; i,fav;qdkawmh wif;ukyfxJraebJ av#mufaqmh&if; vlo;Hk wJah &td;k xJu a&udk aomufrw d mayg?h a&u td;k uyfyJ &Sad wmh acgi;f udv k #Kd 0if+y;D aomufwm ayg?h td;k xJukd acgi;f v#Kd pOfu acsmacsm csLcsL0ifomG ;ayr,fh jyefxw k rf ,fvyk w f hJ tcg plxu G pf jyKaewJh csKd EpS cf ek @J xpfae vd@k ±kww f &uf jyefxw k v f @kd r& jzpfae w,f? td;k ayguu f vnf; cyfusO;f usO;f qdk awmh EGm;uav;crsm vSe@f jzef@+y;D t wif ; xk w f a v acgif ; uwpf a eav/ xkwrf &vd@k acgi;f udk cg&rf;wJt h cg td;k &Jh tav;csdefa=umifh acgif;udkraxmifEdkif/ =umawmh vk;H csmvnf+y;D armarmyrf; yrf;eJ@ rxEdik af wmhb;l jzpfaew,f? 'gujkd rifw±hJ mG om;awG[m bmvky&f rSe;f rodjzpfae&mu ynm&S}d u;D udk owd &+yD;/ vltcsKd@u ol@qDtajy;uav; oGm;/ tusKd ;ta=umif;ajym/ bmvky&f rvJv@dk t=u^H m%fawmif;owJ?h “ynm&Sd}uD;cifAsm;/ EGm;uav; acgif;rSm td;k pGyaf eygw,f/ tck EGm;u av;[m acgif;vnf;raxmifEikd /f ud, k f vnf;rv_yEf ikd f jzpfaeygw,f/ b,fvkd vky&f ygrvJ”vd@k ar;w,f? ynm&S}d u;D u“rif;wd@k w,fw;Hk wmyJ? EGm;uav;

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

acgif;rSm tdk;pGyfaevdk@ acgif;vnf;r axmifEikd /f ud, k v f nf;rv_yEf ikd jf zpfae &if/ acgif;eJ@uk, d u f o JG mG ;atmif acgif; jzwfypfvu kd af yghu”G ajymvdu k w f ,f? ±Gmom;awG[m ynm&Sd}uD;ajymwJh twdik ;f EGm;av;acgi;f udk vnfujzwf vdkuf=uw,f? tJovdkjzwfvdkuf+yD; awmh td;k xJrmS usecf w hJ hJ EGm;acgi;f jywfukd xkwrf & jzpfaejyefw,f? 'Dawmh ynm&Sd }u;D qD aemufwacguo f mG ;&jyefwmayg?h “ynm&S}d u;D cifAsm;/ acgif;jzwfvu kd f vd@k acgi;f eJ@ud, k af wmh uGo J mG ;yg+y/D 'gay r,fh td;k xJuacgi;f udk xkwrf & jzpfaeyg w,f/ bmvky&f r,f ajymygOD;æ”vdk@ ar;owJ?h ynm&Sd}uD;u tvGefpdwfysufoGm; wJt h rlt&meJ@“awmfawmfvnf; ^m%fr&Sw d hJ i wk;H awGygvm;? td;k ±du k cf &JG if +y;D wmyJ/ vG,v f , G af v;[mudrk sm;æ” vd@k ajym owJ?h &Gmom;awGvnf; ynm&S}d u;D ajym wJt h wdik ;f vkyv f u kd =f uw,f? Adv k cf sKy}f u;D awGu jynfov l x l k wcJ euf axmufcHxm;wJh EdkifiHa&;acgif; aqmifawG/ ygwaD wGe@J Edik if aH &;awG@qkH aqG;aEG;wm[m 'Dru kd a&pDazmfaqmif wJh trsdK;om;jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;t wGuf rSeu f efwehJ nf;vrf;r[kwb f ;l vd@k qdkawmh udk}uD;ay: jzifh EGm;uav;udk acgi;f jzwfz@kd t=uaH y;wJh ynm&S}d u;D udk ajy;owd&rdygw,f? vufeufawGpk qef&u d mQ awGp+k y;D =uyfajy;rSm awmcd=k u/ tpd;k &wzG@J vk;H ajy;=u+yq D akd wmh “a=omf td;k yg±du k cf JG vdu k f wmyJæ” vd@k awG;vdu k rf yd gw,f? 'D=um;xJ rqDrqdik f etz rD', D m awGukd awG@vdu k w f ikd ;f -EGm;acgi;f rSmtd;k pGyw f mvm;˜ td;k xJukd EGm;acgif;0ifae wmvm;-vd@k awmif cGjJ cm;rodwhJ &Gm om;awGrsufEmS udk uGucf eJ jrifvu kd rf d ao;&J?h Ò

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

11

wyfrawmfzcifAv kd cf sKyfatmifqef;.ZeD; 'Dru kd a&pDvx l ak cgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk-unf.rdcif

pma&;q&m/ ±kyf&Sif'g±dkufwm}uD; OD;okcuG,fvGef

r[moD&od "k rRa':cif-unf

pma&;q&m ±ky&f iS 'f g±u kd w f m}u;D OD; okc touf(96)ESpo f nf 'DZifbm 7 &ufae@/ eHeuf 11 em&Dcu GJ vl}u;D a&m*g jzifh &efuek t f rSwf 2 ppfaq;±HYk uG,f vGeo f nf? q&m}u;D uG,v f eG o f mG ;jcif;onf ±kyf &SifavmutwGuf tpm;xdk;r&onhf qHk;±_H;r_jzpfonf[k 'g±dkufwmarmifrsKd; rif;u ajym=um;onf? ‚u “±ky&f iS t f Ekynmydik ;f qdik &f m rSm tm;aumif;wJyh *k Kd~ vt f jzpf av;pm; tm;usc&hJ wm? q&mOD;okcum;awGu uifr&mawG wtm;rupm;bl;? ol ajymcsifwt hJ a=umif;t&mudk ay:vGif atmif +ird +f ird af v;eJ@ jywmaygh? tjyif atmifqef;vdv k l rSm wu,fjzpfaewmeJ@wlatmif ±du k f pGe@f v$wo f u l /kd az;,laxG;ayG@ oGm;w,f? pum;vH;k awGutp pum; yg&rDjznhcf ?hJ tvH;k wdik ;f rSm t"dym` ,fawGygw,f? jy vdu k w f t hJ a=umif;t&mawG[m t"d pk=unfvv kd l y`m,frhJ vH;k 0rjybl;? olq;kH ±H;_ wm[m t wwfynmxuf tEkynm&Siq f ;kH ±H;_ wm pGe@f &Jou l /kd arG;jrLaxG;ayG@ ygæ”[k ajymonf? yg&rD jD znfch ?hJ q&m}u;D OD;okcudk 1910 jynfEh pS f Zef e0g&(D 14)&ufwiG f usKu d v f wftydik f pm jrefrmjynf&@J jzLpk±mG Y tz ol}u;D OD;pHcikd /f trda':r#if ZmenhZf menf/ yg&rDzuf wd@k rS zGm;jrif+y;D trnf&if;OD;ode;f armif woufEpS b f 0/ jznfph rG ;f &ol jzpfonf? jrefrmhrcd if/ 'd@k OD;wifonf uavmiftrnf pdeo f ed ;f weftrnf aumif;uifbu kH / vrf;rSejf yI jzifh pmayrsm;a&;om;cJ+h y;D 1934 wGif jrefrmhval bmif atmifapaom? ±$ifaysmfaysmfpmtkyfwdkufESifhvdkufzuf hJ nf? jrefrmhatmifyef; vef;apaom? &ef ‘okc’uavmiftrnf cH,cl o vk;H csi;f 0wˆKaygi;f 100 ESihf 0wˆKwkd jrefrmhaemifa&; at;apownf;? aygi;f 200 cef@ a&;om;cJ+h y;D okc0wˆKwkd aygi;f csKyf 5 }urd w f ikd f xkwaf 0cJ&h onf? ‘tausmf a ';,s’/ ‘Ak'
uG,v f eG jf cif; 17 ESpjf ynfh

jrefrmhrdcifa':cif=unf

(1912-1988)

rdcifZmenfa':cif=unf vljynfrmS pk=unf&@J jrwfrcd if =unfvifwhJ tðy;H ? qef;cspo f l cifErS ,OfygvS ESv;kH ?

wifr;kd 19/ 12/ 2005

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

!$ef;a&;om;+yD; ±kyf&Sifavmuudk 0if a&mufco hJ nf? 1948 wGif cspt f %kjrL Zmwfum;udk 'g±u kd w f mtjzpf yxrqH;k ±du k u f ;l cJ+h y;D ,if;Zmwfum;twGuf pm a&;q&mtoif;ucs;D jri‡ ahf om *k%x f ;l aqmifa±$wq H yd q f k &&Scd o hJ nf? ±du k u f ;l cJah om ±ky&f iS f 33 um;teuf ‘a=omfred ;f r(1954)’/ ‘b0oHo&m(19 56)’/ ‘pum;ajymaomtonf;ESvHk; (1968)’/ ‘usrrSmrdef;rom;(1970)’/ ‘b,folòyifvdk@vSygawmhEdkif(1973)’/ ‘a±$jcnfaiGjcnfwef;ygv@kd (1975)’Zmwf um;wdk@jzifh taumif;qHk;'g±dkufwm tu,f'rDqrk sm; &&Scd o hJ nf? *syefacwfwiG f 0dZ,/ OD;ay:OD;ponfh jyZmwfrsm;a&;om;+yD; udk,fwdkifyg0if wifqufco hJ nf? ‘&[ef;pm;&aom qGr;f weyf’/ ‘& [ef;rpm;aomqGr;f weyf’ESihf ‘wyg;oD v’ponfh ±ky§f oHZmwfvrf;rsm;vnf; a&;om;±du k u f ;l cJo h nf? tarESifhywfoufonfh a[majym csurf sm;ESihf q&m}u;D a&;pyfoq D ckd o hJ nfh ‘b0oHo&m’/ ‘*k%’f ponfo h cD si;f wd@k rSm emrnf}u;D onf? q&m}uD;. pmaytEkynmbuf wGif xl;c|erf r_ sm;a=umifh *k%x f ;l aqmif pmayyg&*lb@GJ / r[mo'
Moe Thauk Kye Journal

12

-um;vdu k &f aomtoHrsm;(&jzL*so D wif;) rd;k aomuf=u,ft,f'w D mrif;wd@k a&æ +y;D cJw h v hJ u =um;vdu k &f aomtoHrsm;u¾rSm tzrf;cH&&if bmawGvyk o f ifh w,f? bmawGuakd qmif+y;D bmudak &Smifoifw h ,fqw kd hJ tcsuu f av;awG jyef vnfazmfjyay;vk@d *syefa&muf jrefrmawmfawmfrsm;rsm; ESpo f ufoabmuswhJ toH=um;vdu k &f w,fAs? wqufwnf;rSmbJ *syeftpd;k &u &jzL*saD wG awmfawmf rsm;rsm;udk ay;vmwmudv k nf; =um;od&awmh ‘&jzL*saD wGqrG ;f }u;D avmif;ae+y’D qdk wJh acgi;f pOfi,fuav;wcke@J a&;cJw h m tckawmh wu,fjzpfae+yAD sm? 0rf;omyg w,f? ta&;}u;D wmu ‘anmifo;D vnf;pm; av;oHvnf;em;axmif’qdo k vdrk sK;d usio hf ;kH =uzd@k yg? 'D=um;xJ &jzL*s&D wmcsi;f twlwl “olusawmh t&if&w,f igusawmh bmjzpf vd@k aemufr&S wmvJæ”qdw k hJ toHav;awGvnf; [kw d p 'Dwp=um;&ao;w,f? ydq k ;kd wmu ud, k Ehf ikd if rH aumif;vd@k *syefrmS 'kuo Q nfqw kd hJ &jzL*sjD zpfwmawmif “igu oH;k ESp&f vd@k tm}u;D uGæ”qd+k y;D *k%òf yifcsiw f o hJ al wGvnf; awG@&vd@k =ocs rd&&J@? uJygæ 'gawGajym&if igavarmw,fqw kd t hJ wdik ;f 'Dwv &jzL*so D rm;rsm;&J@ toHaygi;f pHt k a=umif;udk jyefvnfazmufonfcs&r,fq&kd ifjzif-h oH;k tcsKd;wpf OD;pGmyxra[mhjzpfaewJo h wif;uawmh acwfro D w l ikd ;f &jzL*saD v#muf=u+y;D av#mufwo hJ w l ikd ;f &ae=uonfqw kd Jh owif;yg? b,favmuftxdawmif &ovJ qd&k if jrefrmvlrsK;d oH;k OD;av#muf&if wOD;udk &jzL*st D jzpf todtrSwjf yKaeygw,fqkd wJh w&m;a&;0ef}u;D ÏmerS wm0ef&o dS al wGu ajymvmw,fqw kd t hJ xdyg? wquf wnf;rSmyJ *syefrmS &Sw d hJ tzJ@G tpnf;awGu }u;D }u;D rmpwmawGukd ac:,lawG@qH+k y;D ud, k t hf zJ@G tpnf;xJu tzJ@G om;awG&@J udpu P kd wm0ef,rl ,f/ tJ't D zJ@G om;awGu vnf; trSew f u,fEikd if aH &;vkyv f @kd jyef&if tEW&m,f&w dS ,fv@kd olw@kd uowfrw S f &if t&ifvdk tcsdeft=um}uD;apmifhp&mrvdkbJ 'kuQonftjzpf *syefrSm aexdik cf iG ahf y;r,fq f w kd hJ owif;rsm;vnf; ckeuajymwJh }u;D }u;D rmpwmawGqu D pyDumwyf+y;D wd;k wd;k wdww f w d af jymwmudk =um;ae&ygw,f? tqdyk gowif;eJ@twl tydq k t k jzpf=um;&wJo h wif;uawmh *syefrmS Edik if aH &;

vkyv f @kd jyef&iftEW&,f&v dS @kd 'kuo Q nftjzpfav#mufxm;olawGukd todtrSwjf yKchJ wm 150 ausmaf e+y;D / tqdyk g &J&aJ wmufawmfveS af &;orm;rsm; ‚wd@k vdt k ifqEN rsm;jynf0h oGm;aomtcg rdrEd ikd if t H wGuf tm;oGecf eG pf u kd rf vkyb f J trsK;d om;tusK;d pD;yGm;jzpfaom rdrt d usK;d twGuf tvkyEf pS yf ikd ;f oH;k ydik ;f vkyaf eonfrsm;udk jrifawG@ ae&a=umif;/ wcsK@d qd&k if a&=unf&mjrufE&k mqdo k vdk pm;usut f opfjzpfaom tar&dum;od@k a&mufuek =f ua=umif;/ òyifww l eG ;f v#if a±$@Edik yf gonfqo kd nft h wdik ;f jrefrmjynfwiG u f secf ahJ om bkpck ±krsm;ygrusef *syefo@kd rDcS Akd ZD mjzifah c:I 'Dru kd a&pD r&rSpD yf=um; avmyef;jzpfa&;twGuf ae@rtm; nrtm; wufnv D ufnD òyifwl tvkyv f yk af e=uonfrsm;udv k nf; av;pm;rdyga=umif;ESihf xdv k rl sm;taeeJ@vnf; t&ifvrkd sK;d rdrw d ikd ;f a&;jynf&mtwGuf oH;k yHw k pfyakH vmuf jyefvnfvyk af qmif oifyh ga=umif;/ jyefvnfrvkyaf qmifygu 'kw, d t}urd af jrmuf trde@f pmac:,l jcif;cH&+yD; tm;empGmjzifh jyefvnfppfaq;rnfjzpfa=umif;udkvnf; u±k%moH tjynfEh iS hf owday;aew,fqw kd hJ toHrsm;vnf; =um;vdu k &f ygw,f? bmbJajymajym olrsm;ajymwmudk r&Suw f uf&ifaeygapæ uk, d v hf yd jf ymoef@ apzd@k ud, k u hf u kd , kd &f u S w f ufr,fq&kd if tcGit hf a&;av;awGvnf;,l ud, k Ehf ikd if H ta&;udkvnf; oabmw&m;rajymbJ vufawG@usus vkyf=uudkif=uygvdk@ w kd u kd w f eG ;f csiyf gw,f? tckrS trSefwu,f'kuQonf aemufq;kH owif;uawmh &jzL*s&D xm;olawG&@J &ifwiG ;f cHpm;jzpfyg? tJ'gu *syefrmS w&m;0ifaexdik cf iG &hf vd@k &J&ef/ v0u&efu pdwaf t;&vd@k tm;vH;k tdak u+yD xifaewm tckrS òr@e,f±;kH awG/ &yfuu G ±f ;kH awG/ tvkyo f rm;±H;k awGu tcGeaf wG aqmifz@kd vmvdu k w f t hJ aºu;awmif;pm±Guaf wG? cspo f &l nf;pm;qDuvmwJph m xufawmif &ifcek rf w d ,fqw kd hJ toHrsm;vnf;=um;ae&ygw,f? tJ'u D pd eP @J ywfouf+y;D t=uaH y;csiw f muawmh ‘vleyfcsr;f om’qdw k t hJ wdik ;f vdrv f rd rf mrmyg;yg;eyfeyfe@J ajymqdik jkd y&if olvnf; oH;k yHw k pfyakH vmufbJ aqmif& Edik af =umif; owif;aumif;yg;yg&apæa&SE› pS rf mS jyefq f =kH uOD;pd@k (tcGepf m±Guaf wGuvJG &ifæ) armeif;pwm;wifp;kd License No.835

A'cross Travellers Bureau Discount Best Deals Online www.across-travel.com/english ¥ 54000(ae@pOf) ¥ 28000~ ¥ 26000~

xGufcGmonfhae‹ &ufay:rlwnfI aps;E+ef;tajymif;tvJ&Syd gonf urBmEh ikd if aH ygi;f pHo k @kd toGm;tjyef av,mOfvufrw S rf sm;/ rdrw d @kd . *syefrw d af qG rsm;twGuf av,mOfvufrw S /f ADZm/ [dw k ,f/ jynfwiG ;f av,mOfvufrw S rf sm;udk vnf; wm0ef,laqmif±Gufay;aeygonf? e,frrS w d af qGrsm;ESihf rtm;vyfonhrf w d af qGrsm; zke;f quf±EkH iS hf vufrw S }f uKd wif rSm ,lEdkif+yD; owfrSwfxm;onfhb%frS aiGay;acsEdkifygonf? Immigrationod@k roGm;rSD zke;f qufaqG;aEG;wdi k yf ifyg? ava=umif;vdik ;f aygif;pHrk S vufrw S rf sm;udk aps;E_e;f oufompGm&&Sad tmif jrefrmwm0efcrH S ulnaD y;aeygonf?

¥ 22500(ae@pOf) ¥ 28000-

&efue k t f oGm;tjyef Air India+Myanmar Airways JAL+Myanmar Airways Thai Airways taemufzuf xGuaf yguf

JAL+Myanmar Airways United Airline Bangkok Bangkok+Myanmar

Taiwan -United Airlines China Airlines

Here(2)F

CitiBank First Kitchen

&efuek t f jyefoufouf(Bangkok Transit)ae@csi;f a&muf

Air Tickets

Shinjuku blwm awmifbuf Lumine xGuaf yguf

Kosyu Kaido Oedo Line Shinjuku Sta:

Yamate Shinjuku Bldg 2 F 1-19-6 Nishi shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo

 



av,mOfvufrw S cf udk ±H;k cef;od@k vma&mufay;acs+y;D av;&uftwGi;f av,mOfvufrw S f xkw, f El ikd yf gonf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

¥ 67000(Ak'<[l;/ pae) ¥ 95000 ¥ 81000(ae@pOf)

SHINJUKU HEAD OFFICE Tel:03 3340 6749

Khaing War Ko(cdik 0f gu)kd SHIBUYA OFFICE Tel:03 5467 0077

Eindary Aye(tda¹ENat;) ydwf&ufr&Sdyg

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

13

use;f rma&;aqmif;yg;

tpmvnf;aq;/ aq;vnf;tpm ÐEdkufwifa*;vf*sme,f rdwfqufyJGjyKvkyf 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121

c&rf;csOfoD;

u|Ef k y f w d k @ jref r mvl r sKd ; rsm;onf [if;vsmawmfawmfrsm;rsm;wGif c&rf; csOo f ;D udk xnfI h ESyyf gu ydI k E_wu f +kd red f aponf? tnma'owGif c&rf;csOo f ;D yefaxG azsm/f c&rf;csOo f ;D ESihf i±kwo f ;D axmif;wd@k udk wckww f & pm;oH;k =uonf? wcsK› d a'owGif vufzufow k w f iG f c&rf;csOf oD;udk xnfo h iG ;f pm;=uao;onf? c&rf; csOo f ;D okwo f wfowfuv kd nf; pm;=u ao;onf? ysOf;rem;zufwGifrl c&rf;csOfoD;udk ,dx k ;kd I pD;yGm;jzpfa&mif;csonf? jrefrm trsm;pkpm;oHk;=uaom c&rf;csOfoD; onf trSefwu,fawmh vGefpGmtm [m&wefzdk;jr‡ifhaom toD;tESHwrsKd; jzpfonf? wdk;wufaomEdkifiHrsm;wGifrl c&rf; csOo f ;D udk c&rf;csOo f ;D azsm&f nf/ c&rf;csOf oD;aqmpfh ponfw@kd udðk yvky+f y;D pD;yGm; jzpfa&mif;cs=uayonf? taemufEikd if H wcsK› w d iG f c&rf;csOo f ;D pGyðf ywfukd wjrwf wEd;k aomufo;kH =uonf? tDwvDvrl sK;d wd@k . tpm;tpmwGif c&rf;csOo f ;D ESihf oH vGiq f w D @kd onf t"dutcef;u¾rS yg 0ifayonf? c&rf;csOo f ;D udk ±kuaQ A'tac:ta0: tm;jzif h [if ; oD ; [if ; ±G u f ( Vegetable) tkypf w k iG f xnfo h iG ;f ac:qd=k u aomfvnf; pifppftm;jzifh ‚onf opf oD;(Fruit)tkyfpkwGif yg0ifayonf? twdtusq&kd aomfb,f&o D ;D (Berry) tkypf w k iG f yg0ifayonf? b,f&o D ;D tkypf u k kd Oyrmjy&aomf p awmfb,f&/D bvl;b,f&pD onfw@kd jzpf onf? csKyH w k yf o kH ¾mef opfyifyu k av; rsm;rSo;D aom toD;rsm;udq k v kd ykd gonf? c&rf;csOfoD;onf tb,fa=umifh wefz;kd jri‡ rhf m;&ygoenf;æ´? ta=umif;rSm c&rf;csOo f ;D wGif ADwm u±du k if;(B-Carotene)/ ADwmrifpED iS hf vdik u f ykd if;(Lycopene)wd@k yg0ifaom a=umifh jzpfayonf?

a'gufwmoef;0if; ADwmu±dkyif;udk cE<mukd,fwGif;odk@ a&mufaomtcg/ ADwmrifAtjzpfodk@ cE<mud, k rf S ajymif;vJay;vdu k o f nf? ADwmrifAonf cE<mud, k w f iG ;f ae@ pOfjzpfysuaf jymif;vJaeaom ZD0±kyjf zpf pOfa=umifh xGufvmaom ab;xGuf ypPn;f tqdyt f awmufrsm;udk zsuq f ;D ypfjcif;jzifh cE<mudk,fudka&m*gawmf awmfrsm;rsm;rS umuG,af y;ayonf? ADwmrifCrSm cE<mudk,f. udk,fcH tm;udk jri‡ w hf ifay;jcif;jzifh omrmef zsm; ema&m*grsm;udk umuG,af y;onf? od@k jzifh ADwmrifConf ADwmrifAuJo h @kd yif tqdyt f awmufw@kd udk zsuq f ;D ay;jcif; jzifh a&m*gawmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk um uG,fay;ayonf? vdik u f ykd if;(Lycopene)ta=umif;od onf r S m r=umao;ay? ‚onf tawmfx;l jcm;onhf "gww f rsK;d jzpfonf? cE<muk, d Zf 0D ±kyjf zpfysurf a_ =umifh xGuf vmaom tqdyt f awmufrsm;udk acs zsu&f mwGif tm;taumif;qH;k tkypf w k iG f yg0ifayonf? xd@k a=umifh vdik u f ykd if;udk rSerf eS rf 0DS yJ g u xdt k qdyt f awmufrsm;a=umifh jzpf ay:avh&o dS nfh a&m*grsm;jzpfaom om; jrwfuifqma&m*g/ om;tdr0f uifqm/ qD;tdru f ifqm/ qD;usw d u f ifqmwd@k udk umuG,af y;ygonf? uifqma&m*grSeo f r#onf óuwif umuG,jf cif;onfom taumif;qH;k jzpfygonf? jzpfvmrS ukornf[k rpOf; pm;ygESi?hf jzpfvm+yq D v kd #if a&m*gjzpf +y[ D k od+yq D v kd #if aemufuspjrw J nf;? ‚tjyif c&rf;csOfoD;wGif *rfrmt rdk i fEd k Al w d ki f& pft uf qpf (R-Amino Buttyricacid)awmfawmfav;yg0if ojzifh ‚"gwftpGrf;a=umifh aoG;wdk; a&m*gEiS hf ESv;kH a&m*gukd umuG,af y;yg ao;onf? pmrsufEmS 17 od@k «

(±d;k r 3 tifwmeufowif;rS-) xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyfa'owav#muf &Sd jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm;ESifh xdkif;EdkifiHt wGi;f vkyu f ikd af ewJh jrefrf ma±$@ajymif;t vkyform;rsm;twGuf tcrJhjzef@a0 aom ‘Edkufwifa*;vf’usef;rma&;*sm e,frw d q f ufyu GJ kd 'DZifbm 20 &ufae@ u e,fpyfwae&mwGif jyKvyk cf o hJ nf? tqdyk g*sme,fwiG f t,f'w D mcsKyt f jzpf r,fawmfaq;cef;u q&mra'guf wmpifo, D marmifuaqmif±u G +f y;D , refEpS u f xkid ;f -jrefrme,fpyfukd a&muf &Sv d monhf jrm;ewfarmifr*~Zif;t,f'D wma[mif; a'guw f mvGr;f aqGu wm 0efct H ,f'w D mtjzpf wm0ef,al qmif ±Gufum t"dutm;jzifh HIV/AIDS iSuzf sm;/ wkyaf uG;ponfh a&m*grsm;ESihf ywfoufonfh aqmif;yg;ESihf owif;rsm; udk a&;om;azmfjyxm;onf? usrwd@k Edik if rH mS vuf&dS use;f rma&; edru hf srj_ y\emrSm use;f rma&;qdik &f m todtjrif enf;yg;r_awGygovdk owif; tcsut f vufawGuv kd nf; jynfjh ynfph pkH kH vufc&H &SEd ikd w f mawG r&Sad wmh/ wcsed f wnf;rSmyJ use;f rma&;vkyo f m; trsm;pk uvnf; ukoa&;rSmyJ tcsed af wG epf

jrKyaf e&wJt h wGuaf =umifh od&edS m;vnf xm;wJh usef;rma&;A[kokwawGudk jynfov l x l =k um;xJukd us,u f s,jf yef@ jyef@zGi[ hf zd@k tcsed af wGr&=ubl;? tJ't D ay:rSm usrwd@k u use;f rma&; qkid &f m zG@H òz;wd;k wufa&;rSm jynfov l x k l awG todtjrifus,fvmvmzdk@&,f/ use;f rma&;vkyo f m;awG=um;rSm quf pyfaqmif±u G rf a_ wG yd+k y;D tm;aumif; tjrifus,v f mapzk@d usrwd@k 'Dpmapmif udk xkwfwmjzpfygw,fæ”[k a'guf wmpifo, D marmifu ajymonf? xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyfwav#mufwiG f Edik if aH &;tajctae/ jrefrma±$@ajymif;t vkyo f rm;rsm;tajctae/ wjcm;owif; aqmif;yg;rsm;yg0ifonhf owif;*sme,f trsKd;tpm;aygif; awmfawmfrsm;rsm; xkwaf 0ae=uaomfvnf; tqdyk g ‘Edu k f wifa*;vf’*sme,fuJhodk@ usef;rma&; ynmay;a&;wGif oD;oef@xkwaf 0aom *sme,f E S i f h pmapmif t a&twG u f enf;yg;onf? ‘Edkufwifa*;vf’*sme,fudk 2004 ckESpfwGif (2)}udrfxkwfa0cJh+yD; ,ck 2005 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmwGif jyefvnf quf vufxw k af 0cJjh cif;jzpfonf?

tcrJh aqG;aEG;Edki y f gonf *syefEikd if aH &muf jrefrmrsm;twGuf usef;rma&;udpEP iS yhf wfoufaom t a=umif;t&mrsm;udk wdik yf ifaqG;aEG;vdyk gu tywfpOf we*FaEGae@ nae 6;30 em&DrS n 9;00 em&Dtxd rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unfw h u kd w f iG f ‘a'guw f moef; 0if;’ESihf awG@qHak qG;aEG;ar;jref;Edik yf ga=umif;? vlu, kd w f idk rf vmEdik yf gu090 9379 7072 od@k qufo, G I f vnf; wdik yf ifaqG;aEG;Edik yf gonf?

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

14

pmtkyt f !$e;f

pifwifonfhrdk;aomuf-u,fpmtkyfrsm;

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890

pmtkyftrnfbmomjyefolpmtkyfeHygwf-

Zpfjrpf(ROOTS) armi f e G ;f ol armifx 0673

tar&duwdkufwGif u|efpepfxGef; um;csed f 17 &mpkaESmif;ydik ;f vljzLrsm;. n‡Of;yef;ESdyfpuftEdkifusifhcH&aom o em;pzG,v f rl rJ sm;.b0udk tajccHum jzpf&yfrSefrsm;ESifh a&mpyfwifjyxm; aom pmtkyfjzpfonf? tqkdygpmtkyf udk 1973 ckEpS rf pS I pwifxw k af 0cJ&h m ta&mif;&qH;k pmtkypf m&if;eHygwf 1 ae &mcsw d cf +hJ y;D tawmfuav;vJ tkwf atmfaomif;eif;jzpfco hJ nf? “±d;k &m"avhx;kH pHt& &Sp&f uf ajrmufae@wGif usi;f yjyKvyk rf nfh ol@om;trnf ay;yJo G @kd rdom;pkwikd ;f wufa&muf&ef zdw=f um;cJo h nf? xdak e@wGif T om;i,fonf ol@tazESihf ol@tzd;k uJo h @kd yif rif'ifumvlrsK;d pk. tzJ@G 0ifwOD;jzpfvmawmhrnfæ” xku d o hJ @kd vGwv f yfpmG jzifh vSnv hf nfaexkid =f uaom vlrsK;d pkonf tar&dum; wdu k rf S vljh zLu|eu f ek o f nfrsm; a&mufvmaomtcg“ol@qDo@dk wif;ykww f ckukd wtm;ajrm‡ ufI0ifvmaom vljzLwOD;æ xd@k aemuf ol@tm; tvGe}f u;D rm;aomtdw}f u;D wvH;k jzifh zrf;&eftm;xkwaf eonfh vlrEJ pS af ,mufæ”pmzwfo. l pdwx f w J iG f Ttjzpftysuo f nf wd&p>mefwaumif tm; 0dik ;f 0ef;zrf;qD;onf[k xifjrifrad yvdrrhf nf? r[kwyf g? tmzd&u d wdu k &f dS vGwv f yfpmG aexkid =f uaom vlrrJ sm;udk ,Ofaus;yg onfqakd om vljzLrsm;u u|ejf yK&ef wd&p>mefwaumifuo hJ @kd oabmxm;um zrf;qD;aomjrifuiG ;f jzpfygonf? “wd@k vlrrJ av;awGtrsm;pk[m taztareJ@ twlwrl ae=u&wmrsm;w,f [Jæ h ? taztarqdw k mudk rodcifuwnf;u ta&mif;cH&vd@k rdbeJ@uJu G mG oGm;=u

armifoef@

&wmursm;w,fæ” “wu,fv@kd rpPwmwGru f nnf;udk om;azmufu|et f jzpf xm;rnfq&kd if vnf; tH=op&mr&Syd gb;l av? 'DteD;tem;rSm wcsK› v d jl zLvlcsr;f omawGu om; azmufz@dk vlraJ wGarG;xm;+y;D iSm;pm;=uw,f? 'gayr,fh nnf;udak wmh olu wjcm; vlraJ wGe@J ppfr,frxifb;l ? olu, kd w f ikd f om;pyfvrd rhf ,fxifw,fæ” TuJo h @kd aom vljzLrsm;. u|eb f 0a&muf&aom oem;pzG,f vlrt J rsK;d orD; rsm;.jzpf&yf? rw&m;n‡i;f yef;ESyd pf ufrr_ sm;onf avsmo h mG ;onfr&Sb d J rsm;oxuf rsm;vmaomtcg rcHr&yfjzpfum vlrrJ sm;onf vljzLrsm;tm; jyefvnfvufpm;acs aomtcg“rdom;pkawGb,favmufrsm;rsm;aoukew f ,fqw kd m rodb;l ? rde;f rawGa&m cav;awGyg ygw,f? eDu±d;k vlowform;awG0ifvmwJt h csed rf mS tm;vH;k tdyaf rm usae=uwm? yJqyd af wG/ &Jwif;awG/ "g;awG/ wif;ykwaf wGe@J æ” TuJo h @kd xdwv f ef@zG,&f mjzpf&yfrsm;? “'D&@J t"dym` ,fu rif;wd@k tm;vH;k igw@kd vkb d J vGwv f yfwv hJ al wGjzpfomG ;+yv D @kd qdv k w kd myJ? igq h u D rif;wd@k oGm;vd&k moGm;Edik w f ,f? aecsio f &l &dS ifvnf; aeEkid cf iG &hf dS w,f? rif;wd@k udk igu wckcv k yk af y;Ekid af tmif pDpOfay;r,fæ” “vGwv f yf+yæ D vGwv f yf+y?D 0ufawGa&m EGm;awGa&mvGw+f y?D =uufawGvnf; vGwv f yf+y?D igw@kd vnf;vGwv f yf+yæ D ” ESpaf ygi;f &mESichf sI D u|eb f 0wGiu f sa&mufaeaom vlrw J @kd onf orRwvifueG ;f . óu;pm;tm;xkwrf j_ zifh u|epf eH pfukd tjrpfveS u f m rdru d , kd u f kd rdryd ikd af omb0udk a&muf&adS omtcg aysm±f i$ cf sr;f ajr@zG,af umif;yHpk onfw@kd jzifh cs,rf e_ ;f xm;aom pmtkyaf umif;wtkyjf zpfygojzifh pmzwfow l @kd zwf+y;D vsif auseyftm;&rnfh pmtkyf aumif;wtkyjf zpfyga=umif;æ

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unhw f u kd w f iG f 0,f,El ikd af ompmtkyrf sm;ESihf rSww f rf;rSw&f mrsm; 1? ArmhacwfrSa=u;rHkodk@

a=u;rHOk ;D aomif;

2500 ,ef;

12? 2005 ckEpS f wdu k sKt d wmo}ueF f

2? 'Dru kd a&pD

&JxËG f

1000 ,ef;

13? a':pk(60)jynfharG;ae@AD'D,dkrSwfwrf; (apmode;f -MTK) 1200 ,ef;

3? ocifEdkifiHawmf

wifarmifoef;

1000 ,ef;

4? jrefrmEdkifiHrSxdkif;EdkifiHodk@ vkyftm;ajymif;a±$@r_

(xGe;f a0)

800 ,ef;

(NDD) 1000 ,ef;

5? wifr;kd uAsmaygi;f csKyf

wifr;kd

2500 ,ef;

6? ndK;EGr;f =u,f(rSww f rf;"gwyf )kH

,mrmrdw k kd

2000 ,ef;

7? u&ifb h 0"avh

armifpif=u,f

1000 ,ef;

8? ordkif;opfcGyfa'gif;(oDcsif;acG)

tZ…Ke

1000 ,ef;

9? jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;jyKaumfrwDrw S w f rf;(NLD-LA) 1000 ,ef; 10? wkww f jywf/"g;wjyufum;wGerf sm;(0vH;k -rzrf;rcsi;f wdu k sK)d 500 ,ef; 11? cGyfa'gif;tvHac:&modk@

wifr;kd

500 ,ef;

2005 ckEpS f oDwif;u|wfyaJ wmfApGD 'D D 800 ,ef;

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

15

\

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd t f wGuf aiGa-u;vSLwef;cJ-h uolrsm;pm&if;ESihf ,cifvoH;k pJcG ahJ om aiGpm&if;&Si;f wrf;xkwjf yefcsu?f

|

pOf

trnf

vSLwef;aiG

vuQ&H &So d nfah eŒ

1? 2? 3? 4? 5? 6? 7? 8? 9? 10? 11? 12? 13? 14? 15? 16? 17? 18? 19? 20? 21? 22?

'kuo Q nfun l aD pmifah &Smufa&;Xme jrwfow D mEdik f ukrd ;kd ndK udkausmfol udw k ifatmif udak X;opf udEk ikd 0f if; udk&efrsKd;ausmf udkwdk;-unfaqG rvJv h 0hJ if; udak Zmfr;kd udkatmif-unf udjk rwfaxG; udkausmfaqGOD; rGeyf ;D (HAU LAM MUNG) ud0k if;atmif udkoef;&Sdef OD;Edik 0f if; udo k ef;0if; udak ZmfawmifvD udak tmifjrwfarmf rcsKdcsKdxGef; udkoef;ZH rd;k aomuf-u,ftzJ‹G om;rsm; Edk0ifbmvvufusefaiG

43200(av;aomif;oH;k axmifEpS &f m,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 3000(oH;k axmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 2000(ESpaf xmif,ef;wdw)d 1000(waxmif,ef;wdw)d 25000(ESpaf omif;ig;axmif,ef;wdw)d 159299(wpfq,fih g;aomif;ud;k axmifEpS &f mud;k q,fu h ;kd ,ef;)

'DZifbmv(15)&uf ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

pkpak ygif;

282499(ESpq f ,f&h pS af omif;ESpaf xmifav;&mud;k q,fu h ;kd ,ef;)

twJ(G 2)/ trSw(f 12) pm±du k cf pmyd‹k cšpmtdw0f ,f pkpak ygif;

10000(waomif;,ef;wdw)d 8155(&Spaf xmifw h pf&mig;q,fih g;,ef;wdw)d 18155(waomif;&Spaf xmifw&mig;q,fih g;,ef;wdw)d

'DZifbmvvufuseaf iG

264344(ESpq f ,fah jcmufaomif;av;axmifo;k H &mav;q,fah v;,ef;)

Naw Hsan Yin Mo

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

16

tifwmeufaqmif;yg; trsKd;orD;qdw k m vufzufajcmuf xkyu f av;eJ@ wlygw,f? a&aEG;ylxu J kd xnfv h u kd w f t hJ csdeu f srS ol@&J@cGet f m; b,favmuf&w dS ,fqw kd m od&rSmyg? txufygtqdt k rde@f uav;u t ar&duefjynfaxmifpo k rRwa[mif; ±kpP Auf&@J ZeD; t,fveD m±kpAP uf(Eleanor Roosevelt)ajymqdkcJhwJh pum;&yfu av;yg? wcGupf mvufzuf&nfxyk f u av;awGukd b,favmufyw l ahJ &aEG;yJ xnfx h nfh tyl'%fu=kd u=›H uchH EH ikd o f vdyk J rde;f rom;awG[mvnf; wu,ft h a&; ñuHvmwJhtcg =uHh=uhHcHEdkifwJh pGrf;&nf awG&adS ew,fv@kd qdck siyf &kH ygw,f? 'g [m rvJrG aoGoabmwl&r,fh t,lt qjzpfygw,f?

w,fqw kd hJ rde;f rom;rsm;u cGet f m;}u;D tm%myd k i f a wG & J @ wm;jrpf r _ a =umif h vSwhJ tm%m&Siaf wGukd pdw"f gwt f if uG , f v G e f a wmh r ,f h c if y G e f ; onf u d k tm;eJ @ &if q d k i f c J h = uygw,f ? 'g[m awG@cGirhf &cJyh gb;l ? udv k ekd aD cwfuae ,ae@tcsed x f yd gy?J EdkifiHa&;,Hk=unfcsufa=umifh trsKd; orD;trsm;tjym; tusO;f us&wm[m vuf&Sdtm%mydkifawG&J@vufxufrSm tqdk;±Gm;qHk;jzpfygw,f? jrefrmr_e,f y,frmS zdek @J rudk t}u;D rm;qH;k pnf;wm; ovdk ydkif;jcm;aewJh t&Sufw&m;udk vnf; tusO;f axmifawGu òzzsuq f ;D ypfvu kd yf gw,f? Edik if aH &;tusO;f olawGtaeeJ@ om ref&mZ0wfre_ @J tusO;f usoal wGxuf tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufra_ wGukd cHpm;=u &ygw,f? trsK;d om;awGxuf Am[D& ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDOuUÏ ocif rsm;wJh trsK;d orD;Edik if aH &;tusO;f olawG

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 xdefvif; 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890

a=umif; tckvakd jymjycJyh gw,f?

“uav;udk a&csK;d ay;zd@k vnf; a&r&Sd bl;? tES;D av#mzf @kd vnf; a&r&Sb d ;l ? a&udk oyfoyfo;kH cGirhf &bl;? vlawGtm;vH;k csK;d vdkufvdk@ uswJha&udkyJ oHk;&ygw,f? a&toef@wcGuu f kd cyfvu kd w f ,fq&kd if yJ usrausmuke;f udk wkwef @J ±du k w f mcHchJ &ygw,fæ”

oHwikd -f um;u rde;f rom;rsm;

yifuo kd bm0tm;jzifh rde;f rom; rsm;[m a,muFsm;rsm;xuf cGef tm;enf;w,fqdkayr,fh tJ'Dvdk tm;EJ@G w,fv@kd ,lqxm;ol rde;f r om;rsm; pdw"f gwcf eG t f m;}u;D rm;r_ awGukd awmf±akH ,muFsm;om;rsm; vdu k rf rDEikd w f mawGukd awG@&wwf ygw,f? 'Dvrkd ed ;f rom;rsK;d awGukd rd om;pkrmS yJjzpfjzpf/ vlra_ &;/ pD;yGm; a&;e,fy,fawGrmS yJjzpfjzpf awG@Edik f ygvrd rhf ,f? ,Hk=unfcsufwcktwGuf b0 awG/ toufawGpeG @f +y;D cdik cf ikd rf mrm &nfwnfomG ;olrsm;uawmh olw@kd &J@emrnfukd aemifEpS af ygi;f rsm;pGm txd ur`n;f wiforl sm;om jzpfyg vdrrhf ,f? tJ'v D u kd r`n;f wifEikd o f l awG usaemfwdk@EdkifiHrSm &Sdaeyg w,f? ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGm tm%m&Sipf epfukd yHpk t H rsK;d rsK;d eJ@ vSnzhf sm;tkycf sKycf cH &hJ wJh jrefrmEdik if u H tkypf ;kd oltqufquf&@J tEd k i f u sif h E S d y f p uf r _ a wG u d k v nf ; cH&wmygy?J 'Dvcdk pH m;&wJt h cg tm;EJ@G yg

Zif&@J ZeD; a':=unf=unf[m 1959 ckEpS f pvd@k t}urd }f urd t f cgcg tzrf;cHc&hJ +y;D ,Hk =unfcsufa=umifh tusOf;axmifwGif; rSm tusOf;uscH&wJhumv tm;vHk; aygif;vdkufr,fqdk&if 18 ESpfausmf awmif&w dS ,fv@kd rSww f rf;wifow l OD; u qdyk gw,f? aemufq;kH t}urd f axmif ujyefvw G v f mwm[m 1999 ckEpS t f wGi;f rSmjzpf+y;D r=umcifrmS yJ uG,v f eG cf yhJ g w,f? 'g[m rSww f ikd u f kd b0eJ@&if;+y;D a&;oGm;wmygy?J Adkvfpufa&mifac: OD;cifarmifvwf [m touf 80 rSm Edik if aH &;v_y&f mS ; aqmif±Gufr_eJ@ tzrf;cHcJh&+yD; tif;pdef axmifxJrSm uG,fvGefcJh&ygw,f? ol uG,v f eG cf sed rf mS ol@&J@tavmif;ukd ol@ ZeD;a':cif&u D =unfch iG &hf cJyh gw,f? 'gay r,fh ZeD;jzpfo[ l mvnf; tif;pdeaf xmif xJrmS yJ orD;jzpfoel @J twl tusO;f usae &wm jzpfygw,f? ud, k w f ikd u f tusO;f usaewJt h csed f rSm cifyeG ;f u tusO;f us&if; ao;qH;k cJh w,fqw kd t hJ jzpf[m wu,fa=uuJpG &m tjzpfq;kd wckyg? jref r mh ' D r d k u a&pD a cgif ; aqmif a':atmif q ef ; pk = unf q d k & if v nf ;

taeeJ@ wud, k af &oef@&Si;f a&;twGuf awmif aumif;rGeo f ef@&Siw f ahJ &udk vHv k kH avmufavmufr&cJyh gb;l ?

vlvGwfwa,muftaeeJ@awmif &yfwnfaexdkifzdk@cufcJvSwJh tusOf; axmifxrJ mS ud, k 0f efaqmifb0eJ@ t zrf;cH&olawGvnf; aexdik cf =hJ u&wmyg yJ? olw@kd taeeJ@ b,favmufq;kd ±Gm;wJh tajctaeawGukd &ifqikd &f r,fqw kd m udv k nf; awG;q=unhEf ikd yf gw,f? Edik if aH &;tusO;f ola[mif;jzpfwhJ a': cifpef;EG,q f &kd if tusO;f axmifxrJ mS jzpf ovdk rD;zGm;cJ&h wJt h wGuf tlu|w H ahJ 0' emudk ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGm qufvufcpH m;cJh &ygw,f? 'ghtjyif vlrr,fuav;udk awmif oef@oef@jyef@jyef@xm;cGifhr&Sd

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

tvHòk r@e,fu trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pD tzJ@G csKy0f if jynfo@l vGwaf wmfu, dk pf m; vS,f a':pef;pef;0if;qdk&ifvnf; uif qma&m*gukd cHpm;ae&+y;D ppfaxmuf vSr;f a&;rsm;&J@ trsK;d rsK;d +crd ;f ajcmufra_ wG =um;u ol@&yfwnfcsu/f ,H=k unfcsuf awGukd aoonftxd udik pf o GJ mG ;w,f vd@k ol@rdwaf qG a':cifpef;EG,u f ajymjy cJyh gw,f? '*HkwuUodkvfausmif;ol rESif;ar atmif[m EdkifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;r_a=umifh 1998 ckEpS rf mS ppfaxmufvrS ;f a&;u zrf;qD;+y;D axmuf'%f 45 ESpf csrw S cf hJ ygw,f? ol@udkcsrSwfvdkufwJhaxmif '%f[m trsKd;orD;EdkifiHa&;tusOf;ol awGxJrSm tjrifhrm;qHk;jypf'%fjzpfyg w,f? wcsed w f nf;rSmyJ ol@rdcifa':at; jrifo h ef;[m axmif'%f 7 ESpf tjypfay; jcif;cHc&hJ ygw,f? ESi;f aratmif[m tif;pdeaf xmifu o&ufaxmif/ tJ'u D ae tif;pdeaf xmif/ +yD;awmh ajrmif;jraxmifudk tydk@cHcJh&yg

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

17

tifwmeufaqmif;yg; w,f? a':at;jrifo h ef;ukv d nf; ajrmif; jraxmifuae ykodrfaxmif/ tJ'DurS ajrmif;jraxmifudk jyefydk@cJhygw,f? &efuek rf mS aexdik w f hJ tjyifu rdom; pkawGtaeeJ@ olw@kd udk axmif0ifpmawG@ Edik zf @kd b,favmufxcd ufcrJ ,f/ olw@kd taeeJ@vnf; t}urd }f urd af xmifajymif; cHc&hJ wJt h wGuf b,favmuf'u k aQ &muf &r,fqdkwm rSef;q=unfh±HkeJ@ odEdkifyg vdrrhf ,f?

wu,fawmh jrefrmEdik if t H wGi;f rSm tJ'v D t kd jzpfq;kd awGukd &ifqikd af e=u&wJh trsK;d orD;Edik if aH &;tusO;f oltrsm;tjym; &Sdaeygw,f? wcs›KdaomtrsKd;orD;awG qd&k if tusO;f axmiftwGi;f rSm use;f rm a&;qd;k ±Gm;r_awGukd cHpm;ae&ygw,f? 'g ayr,fv h nf; tusO;f axmiftm%mydik f

tifwmeufowif; awGu xda&mufwJhyHhydk;r_awG vkyf aqmifay;cJjh cif;r&Syd gb;l ? vuf&t dS yk cf sKyf aewJh ppftyk pf v k ufxufrmS Edik if aH &;t usO;f om;wOD;udk aumif;rGepf mG qufqH w,f/ vdktyfwJhusef;rma&;/ vlr_a&; aqmif±Gufr_awG vkyfay;w,fqdkwm '¾m&DyjkH yifwckvkd jzpfaeygw,f? tusO;f usawGu awmif;qdv k eG ;f vd@k rjzpfraevdkufavsm&&ifawmif pdwf aumif;apwemaumif;eJ@ vkyaf y;w,f vd@k ud, k &f nfaoG;csiw f t hJ aetxm;rsK;d awG &Sad ew,fr[kwyf gvm;? rdcifavmif;vsmawG/ rdcifawG/ vl om;rsKd;qufudkzefwD;EdkifolawGpwJh *k%fyk'fawGeJ@twl tm;EJG@ygw,fvdk@ umv&Snv f sm;pGmowfrw S jf cif;cHc&hJ wJh rdef;rom;rsm;[m jrefrmEdkifiHtusOf; axmiftwGi;f u oHwikd af wG=um;rSm ol wd@k &J@,H=k unfcsu/f olw@kd &J@ar#mv f ifch su/f tem*wfwikd ;f jynftwGuf b0awG/ t csdefawGudk &if;ESD;ae=uygw,f? 'gudk urBmua&m jrefrmjynfoal wGuyg r arhavsmzh @kd vdt k yfygw,f? txl;ojzihf oHwikd =f um;u rde;f rom;rsm;[m rvJrG aoG *k%jf yKtyfwhJ yk*Kd~ vrf sm;jzpfw,f qdw k hJ tcsuyf gy?J ? (rd;k rctifwmeufru S ;l ,lazmfjyygonf)

RUBY

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234

ywåjrm;pm;aomufqdkif

ae‹vnfpmt0pm;(Adkufuif;) ¥900 - ygwDyrGJ sm;udk vl 30 txd txl;pDpOfay;ygonf=ae&mus,u f s,0f ef;0ef; =oef‹oef‹&Si;f &Si;f =t&om&Sw d hJ =jrefrmtpm;tpmeJ‹ =tm&Stpm;tpmpHk =pm;oH;k &if;tyef;ajzEdik b f ‹kd

{nhcf yH t GJ wGuf ywWjrm;udq k uf 03 3204 5121 ygwDyJGrsm;twGuf

¥2500 ESihf ¥ 3000 MENU &Syd gonf? bD,m/ 0DpuD/ qm0gESi hf tcsKd&nf

(2)em&D t0aomufEidk yf gonf?

toH=unfvifaom KARAOKE pufopf}u;D jzifh jrefrm/ t*Fvyd /f *syefocD sif;pHpk vkH ifvifukd tcsderf a±G;oDqEkd ikd yf gonf? Ak'[ < ;l ae@ qdik yf w d yf gonf?

a'gufwmpifo,D marmif 46 ESpjf ynhaf rG; ae‹yJG r,fawmfaq;cef;wGiuf sif;y

(vGwv f yfaomowif;tzJ@G rS) xdkif;EdkifiH/ rJaqmufòr@Y jrefrm'kuQ onfrsm;ESifh jrefrmtvkyform;rsm;. tm;ud;k &m a'guw f mpifo, D marmif. 46 ESpaf jrmufarG;ae@yJt G m; 'DZifom 6 &ufae@Y r,fawmfaq;cef;wGif usi;f y cJhonf? tcrf;tem;odk@ 'kuQonfrsm;/ t vkyform;rsm;/ EdkifiHjcm;{nhfonfrsm; pkpak ygi;f 2000 cef@ wufa&mufco hJ nf? arG ; ae@pum;vuf a qmif t jzpf ajym=um;ay;&ef FIGrS a'guw f mpifoD ,marmif t m; yef = um;&m ol r u “vuf&jdS refrmEdik if o H m;awGu w&m;r# wr_ukd awmif;qdak ecsdejf zpfygw,f? 'g a=umihrf @kd w&m;r#wr_qw kd m bmvJv@kd odem;vnfEikd af pbd@k uav;i,fawG &J@tem*wfynma&; ðypkysKd;axmifb@kd usef;rma&;udpaP wGukd usrwd@k ydv k yk f =u&ygr,fæ”[k ajymjyonf? &Spaf v;vH;k vlxt k a&;awmfy}ku H ;D t+y;D jrefrmjynfwGif;rS ausmif;om;rsm;/ v,form;/ tvkyform;rsm;ESifh 0ef xrf;trsm;tjym; awmcdv k m=ucsed w f iG f a'guw f mpifo&D marmifvnf; twlw uGyg0ifvmcJhonf? aemufydkif;wGif rJ aqmufòr@ r,fawmfaq;cef;tm; t jcm;aom awmcdkolykefq&m0efrsm;ESifh twl wnfaxmifco hJ nf? wnfaxmifpOfu tenf;tusOf; omjzpfaomfvnf; ,cktcg r,fawmf

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

aq;cef;rSaeI e,fpyfwav#muf&Sd u&if'u k o Q nfrsm;ESihf wmhc±dik t f wGi;f &Sd jrefrmtvkyforsm;. usef;rma&;/ y nma&;udprP sm;tm; aqmif±u G af y;ae& onft h xd us,jf yef@vmcJo h nf? xdk@tjyif etzaq;±Hkrsm;rS tcrJh aq;0g;ukoay;jcif;r&Sad oma=umifh jr0 wD/ aumhu&dwf/ zm;tHh/ armfvòrifp onhòf r@rsm;rS jynforl sm;onf rJaqmuf &Sd a'guw f mpifo&D marmifaq;cef;wGif tcrJh vma&mufuo k ae=uonf? (usrwd@k urBmolurBmom;awGtm;vH;k w&m;r#wr_e@J +ird ;f csrf;a&;udk vdv k m; awmif;qdak e=uw,f? tem*wfukd ydik f qdik w f hJ uav;awGe@J vli,fawGxrJ mS acgi;f aqmifaumif;awGay:xGe;f vmapzd@k tm±Hpk u kd yf sKd;axmifay;=u&r,f) a'gufwmpifo, D marmif tpmvnf;aq;rS

«

wckwodðy&rnfrSm c&rf;csOfoD; tpdr;f a&mifwiG f vdik u f ykd if;ryg0ifyg? xd@k a=umifh c&rf;csOo f ;D udk tm[m&wefz;kd jri‡ jhf ri‡ phf m;oH;k vdyk gv#if eDaomc&rf;csOf oD;rsm;udo k m pm;oifyh gonf? xd@k a=umifh ,cifvrsm;u azmfjycJh aom =uufoeG jf zL/ =uufoeG ef ED iS hf ,ck azmfjyaom c&rf;csOo f ;D wd@k udk ae@pOfpm; oH;k jcif;jzifh use;f rma&;udk aumif;onf xufaumif;atmif jyKvkyfEdkifa=umif; wifjyvdu k &f ygonf?

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

18

Edik if w H umowif;rsm;

( Refers & Quoted from : Japan Times & Yahoo News )

ÐtdrfarG;wd&p>mefrsm;udk owfjzwfaeonfh H m; 'Nguyen Tuong w±kwEf ikd if o H ‹dk oGm;a&mufrazsmaf jz[k 'Paul Ð-opaw;vsEikd if o Van' tm; puFmyltpd;k &uGyrf suv f u kd _f yD/ k jf cif;? McCartney'u ajym-um;vdu w±kwfEdkifiHtwGif;rSm tdraf rG;wd&pd m> efawGjzpf wJh acG;ESifha=umifawGudk tpk vdkuftjyHKvdkuf &uf&uf pufpuf owfjzwfaewJh jrifuiG ;f rsm;udk AD'G , D w kd w d f acGrSwqifh jrifawG@cJh&wJh urBmausmf tqdak wmfjzpf ol 'Paul McCartney'u tqdyk gvyk &f yfukd uef@uGuw f t hJ aeeJ@ ol[m w ±kwEf ikd if rH mS b,faomtcgrS aw;*Dw azsmfajza&;tpDtpOfawGudk jyKvyk rf mS r[kwaf =umif; 'DZifbmvt wGi;f bDbpD o D wif;XmeeJ@ awG@qHck sed rf mS xkwaf z: ajym=um;vdu k yf gw,f/ tqdkygADG'D,dkwdwfacG[m v#Kd@0Suf ±du k u f ;l xm;wJt h acGjzpf+y;D / ‚tacGukd (Animals Rights Group,PETA)rS &&Scd jhJ cif;jzpfw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f/ w±kwEf ikd if [ H m tdraf rG;wd&pd m> efawG

udk owfjzwf+y;D tar$;tr#iaf wGukd vl oH;k ukeyf pPn;f tjzpf xkwv f yk af e+y;D t om;rsm;udv k nf; tpm;taomufxw k f vkyfaew,fvdk@ trnfraz:vdkwJh o wif;&yfuu G u f ajymqd=k uygw,f/ 'Paul McCartney'uawmh tckvkd tdrfarG;wd&dp>mefawGudk &uf&ufpuf puf owfjzwfae=uolawG[m vlt ±dik ;f tpdik ;f rsm;jzpfw,fv@kd xyfraH jymqdk vdu k yf gw,f?

Sankei Travel service Special Discount Air Tickets k @kd wvrf;oGm;eSihf toGm;tjyefav,mOfvufrw S rf sm;?  urBmEh ikd if aH ygif;pHo

ADZmtrsKd;rsKd;/ [kw d ,fEiS hf jynfwiG ;f av,mOfvufrw S rf sm;? tzrf ; cH & ol r sm;ES i h f ud , k w f i k d o f wif ; yd @ k I j y ef r nf o h r l sm;twGuf aps;ouf  omaom jrefrmjynftjyefvufrw S rf sm;/ tzrf;cH&olrsm;twGuf oufqikd f &m Immigrationta&muf yd@k ay;ygonf? f m0efEiS hf a&muf&adS eolrsm;/  *syefjynfwiG ;f ausmif;wufaeolrsm;/ tvkyw jrefrmEdik if EH iS hf pD;yGm;a&;qufo, G v f yk u f ikd af eolrsm;? j r ef r mEd i k i f o H @ k d tvnf t ywf j y ef v o k d nf h (*syefšjrefrm)rdom;pkrsm;twGuf  SankeirSmom&EdkifwJh txl;aps;oufomaom Thai Airways vufrw S rf sm;? tm;ay;r_taygif;udk aus;Zl;wifvsuf-

ae‹pOf eHeuf 8 em&DrS n 8 em&Dtxd/ we*FaEGEiS fh teD&ufyw d fygonf?

jrefrmwm0efc=H oef‹-uL0if;(jrefrmod‹k r[kw*f syefbmomjzifh) Ginza Swallow Bldg 4 F 1-14-9 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0081 Tel: 03 3564-3456 Fax: 03 3562 3930 e-mail: [email protected] tcsder f a±G;qufo, G v f y kd gu- Cell: 090 9328 4131

ÐpuFmylEikd if rH mS rl;,pfaq;0g;ukef oG,rf e_ @J zrf;qD;cH&wJh =opa=w;vsEikd if H om; ‘Nguyen Tuong Van’udk =op aw;vsEdkifiHESifh tjcm;vl@tcGifhta&; tzG@J tpnf;awGu tjyif;txefawmif; yefuef@uGuaf eqJrmS bJ puFmyltpd;k & u vspv f sL±_um 'DZifbm(2)&ufae@u uGyrf suv f u kd +f yD jzpfygw,f/ =opaw;vsEikd if &H @J tpd;k &a&Sa› ecsKyf jzpfol rpPwm 'Philip Ruddock'u tckvkd tqH;k pD&ifvu kd w f u hJ pd [ P m vl@t ±dik ;f tpdik ;f awG&›J jyKrcl suw f cke@J twlwl ygbv J @kd xkwaf z:ajym=um;vdu k yf gw,f? 'Van'[m 2002 ckEp St f wGi;f puFm ylEikd if w H iG ;f od@k rl;,pfaq;0g;(Heroin) 14²11 atmifpeJ@twl zrf;qD;cHc&hJ +y;D / ol@&J@tr_ukd puFmyltpd;k &u vGecf w hJ hJ 2005 ckEpS /f Ed0k ifbm(24)&ufae@ t+y;D owfao'%fcsrw S cf +hJ y;D ol@udk tqH;k pD &ifrahJ e@uawmh 2005 ckEpS /f 'DZifbm (2)&ufae@jzpfw,fv@kd a=ujimygw,f? tJ't D csed u f p+y;D =opaw;vstpd;k & tygt0if/ vl@tcGifhta&;tzGJ@tpnf;

awGu puFmylEdkifiHudk tjyif;txef uef@uGuaf wmif;yefc=hJ uygw,f? 'gayrJh puFmylEdkifiHuawmh ol@EdkifiH&J@Oya'udk jyifrmS r[kwb f ;l qdw k mudk vufawG@jy owJt h aeeJ@ tJ'o D wfrw S x f m;wJh 'DZif bm(2)&ufae@rSmbJ 'Van'udk tqH;k pD &ifcyhJ gw,f? puFmylEikd if [ H m vGecf w hJ hJ (13)ESpw f m umvtwGi;f rSmyif tqH;k pD&ifco hJ Ol ;D a& (400)&Scd +hJ yjD zpfygw,f? puFmylEikd if [ H m rl;,pfaq;0g;jypfr_ udk ol@Edik if t H wGi;f rSm jyif;jyif;xefxef csrSwfxm;ayrJh ta&S›urBmjcrf;eJ@ t aemufEdkifiHawGudk rl;,pfaq;0g;o,f ,lydk@aqmifaewJh t"du=um;cHa'o [m puFmylEikd if b H jJ zpfw,fv@kd trnf raz:vdw k hJ owif;&yfuu G af wGuvnf; ajymqdv k su&f adS e=uygw,f/ Edik if w H umvGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGit hf zJ@G u awmh ao;i,fwhJ rl;,pfaq;0g;arSmifckd a&mif;0,faeolawGukd ao'%fay;pD&if aewmxuf aemufu, G u f ae }uKd ;udik f aewJh t"duarSmifcykd ifrvkyif ef;awGukd ESrd Ef iS ;f oihaf =umif; ajymqdv k u kd yf gw,f?

Ðtqdak wmfjzpfcsiw f hJ ‘bifvm'if’&J‹wlr Ðtqdak wmfjzpfvo kd /l armf',fwOD; vnf;jzpfwJh urBmht=urf;zufacgif; aqmif ( al-Qaeda)'Osama Bin Laden'. wlrawmfpyfol 'Wafah Dufour'&J@±kyy fu kH kd 'DZifbmvxkwf t ar&duefr*~Zif;rSm yg&cdS yhJ gw,f/ tJ'Dvdkyg&SdcJhwJhtwGuf tar&duef jynf o l a wG t aeeJ @ 'Osama Bin Laden'udk ydkrdktrSwf& emusnf;apcJh w,fv@kd qdyk gw,f/ olr[m vuf&Sdtar&duefEdkifiHol wOD;jzpf+y;D i,f±, G pf Ofuwnf;u tar &duefEdkifiHrSm aexdkif}uD;jyif;vmcJhol vnf; jzpfygw,f/ olr&J@zcifjzpfo[ l m bifvm'ife@J zatwl ratuGJ nDtudk awGjzpfygw,f/

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

olr[m tar&duefEikd if rH mS arG;zGm;cJh olvnf;jzpfwJhtwGuf rdrdudk tar&d uefEikd if rH mS &Sw d hJ jynfoal wGxu J tar &duefwa,muftjzpfom jrifapbdk@ xkwaf z:ajymqdv k u kd yf gw,f/

19

Moe Thauk Kye Journal Edik if w H umowif;rsm;

ÐyD±;l orwa[mif; 'Fujimori'udk csv D ED ikd if u H zrf;qD;xm;vdu k jf cif;? yD±;l orwa[mif; 'Fujimori'[m vGecf w hJ hJ Ed0k ifbmv(6)&ufae@u csv D D Edik if rH mS zrf;qD;cHvu kd +f yjD zpfygw,f? ol[m vGefcJhwJhpufwifbm(14) &ufae@rSm yD±;l Edik if &H @J 'Passport'jyef vnf&&Scd +hJ y;D yD±;l Edik if rH mS 2006ckEpS /f {+yD vrSm usi;f ybd@k &Sw d ahJ &G;aumufyu JG kd jyef vnf0ifa&muf,OS +f yKd irf ,fv@kd *syefEikd if H rSm&Sad epOf owif;pmq&mrsm;udk ajym =um;aecJyh gw,f? tJ'aD emufrmS awmh yD±;l Edik if u H jkd yefz@kd &m yxrc&D;pOftjzpf tckvkd csv D ED ikd if H udk ±kyw f &uf0ifa&mufcw hJ mjzpfygw,f? csv D ED ikd if u H awmh ol@udk yD±;l Edik if u H v kd J$ ajymif;ay;bd@k w&m;0ifxw k af z:a=ujim jcif;r&Sdao;ayrJh olwnf;cdak e&ma[mf w,frmS yif owif;&&So d nfEiS hf csujf cif; qdo k vdyk if axmuf vSr;f a&;wyfz@JG rsm; ESit hf wl oGm;a&mufzrf;qD;cJ+h y;D ol@tm;

,m,DtmrcH&&Sb d @kd wifoiG ;f vmwJt h r_ udkvnf; csDvDEdkifiHw&m;ol}uD;csKyfu y,f csc+hJ y;D jzpfygw,f? ol[m vuf&ydS ±D ;l orwb0eJ@&Sad e pOf/ ol@&J@tpd;k & tzG@J upOfu h vsm;jzpf aewJh 2000 ckEpS /f ESpu f ek yf ikd ;f avmufrmS *syefEikd if u H akd &muf&v dS mcJ+h y;D *syefEikd if H twGi;f rSyif orw&mxl;rS E_wx f u G f a=umif; yD±;l Edik if u H kd ta=umif;=um;a=u jimcJyh gw,f? xdt k csed rf pS vd@k yD&;l Edik if &H @J tm%mydik f awG[m ol@udzk rf;qD;bd@k &Sw d hJ tr_awGukd xkwaf z:a=ujimcJ+h y;D *syefEikd if u H v kd nf; ol@tm; yD±;l Edik if o H @kd jyefvnfvt J$ yf&ef awmif;qdck yhJ gw,f? 'Fujimori'uawmh ol[mtjypfr &Sad =umif;eJ@ yD±;l tpd;k &[m Edik if aH &;t ajymif;tvJa=umifh ol@udk wriftuGuf qifwt hJ r_awGomjzpfw,fv@kd ajymqdck hJ

ygw,f/ tvm;wlyif *syeftpdk;&tzGJ@u vnf; ol@udjk yefvnfvt J$ yfay;zd@k jiif; qefcyhJ gw,f? bmjzpfv@kd vJqakd wmh *s yef E d k i f i H & J @ Oya't& *syef v l r sKd ; w

a,mufukd yD±;l Edik if u H v kd t J$ yfb@kd &m rjzpf Edik af =umif; *syeftpd;k &u yD±;l tpd;k &udk t}udrf}udrfjiif;qdkcJh+yD;jzpfvdk@ ol[m *syefEikd if rH mS 2005 ckEpS t f xd (5)ESpf =umaexdik v f su&f adS ecJyh gw,f?

Ðajrivsiv f y+ jf cif;udk }udKwiftcsuaf y;Edik af om ÐbmvDu|e;f wGif AH;k azmufccGJ ahJ om t-urf;zuf pepf *syefEikd if YH 2006 ckEpS w f iG f pwifo;kH pJrG nf? acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; taozrf;rdjcif;?

Ðajrivsi'f %fukd }uKd wifumuG,f EdkifrJhpepfwckjzpfwJh 'Seismic alert System' ivsi}f uKd wifowday;pepf udk vmrJEh pS rf mS pwiftoH;k csEikd af wmhrmS jzpfa=umif; *syeftpd;k &u Ed0k ifbmv 4 &ufae@rSm xkwjf yefa=u jimcJyh gw,f? tckvakd =ujimEdik cf w hJ muawmh vGef cJ h w J h =o*k w f v (16)&uf a e@twG i f ; 'Sendai'a'orSm }u;D rmwJi h vsi(f 7.2 M)&So d nfv h y_ cf phJ Ofu ivsirf v_yrf D 15

puUe@f tvdrk mS tqdyk gtcsuaf y; 'System'rS atmifjrifpmG tcsuf ay;Edik cf +hJ yjD zpfw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? xd@k a=umifh tqdyk g'System' udk *syefEikd if t H wGi;f rSm&Sw d hJ t ajccH a e&m (203)ae&mrS m 2006 ckEpS /f rwfvrwdik rf D pwif wyfqifawmhrSmjzpfa=umif; rdk; av0oXmeu xyfrHajymqdk vdu k yf gw,f? jynf o l v l x k t aeeJ @ wd k awmif;vSwJh tcsdefydkif;av;t wGi;f rSm rD;avmifEikd w f hJ (Gas) rD;zd/k rD;cvkyt f zGit hf ydwf ponf rsm;udk tvsif t jref y d w f E d k i f j cif ; / vH k j cH K wJ h ae&mrsm;odk@ tvsiftjref 0ifa&muf yke;f atmif;jcif;(Oyrm- teD;pyfq;kH pm; yGcJ akH tmufo@kd 0ifa&mufyek ;f atmif;Edik f jcif;)/c&D;onfwifr;D &xm;awG taeeJ@ vnf; a&G@vsm;aejcif;rS tvsiftjref &yfwef@Edkifjcif;pwJh }udKwifumuG,fr_ awG udjk yKvyk Ef ikd rf mS jzpfygw,f/

tif'dkeD;&Sm;EdkifiH/ bmvDu|ef;rSm atmufwdkbm 1 &ufae@wkef;u t =urf;zufA;kH rsm; ayguu f cJG +hJ y;D aemuf tif 'dkeD;&Sm;&JwyfzGJ@rsm;u w&m;cHrsm;udk ydu k pf yd w f u kd v f u kd v f &H mS azG zrf;qD;aecJh &m tqdkygtaocHAHk;azgufcGJr_wdk@udk aemufu, G rf S }uKd ;udik cf o hJ (l azgucf aJG &; 0d Z … m [k wif p m;ac:a0:ae=uwJ h ) 'Azahari Husin'udk Ed0 k ifbmv 9 &uf ae@rSm taozrf;qD;rd cJ+h yjD zpfygw,f? tif'ekd ;D &Sm;&Jwyfz@JG rsm; ta&S*› sm;Ag; u|e;f rSm&Sw d hJ 'Malang'+rKd @teD; 'Batu' &yfuu G x f rJ mS &Sw d hJ tdrw f tdru f kd owif; t& 0ifa&mufp;D eif;cJ&h m &Jwyfz@JG 0ifrsm; eJ@ t=urf;zuform;wd@k wdu k yf jJG zpfygG ; cJ+h y;D / tckvkd 'Azahari Husin'tm; t rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

aozrf;qD;rdcw hJ m jzpfygw,f/ ol@eJ@twltjcm; t=urf;zuform; (2)OD;udv k nf; taozrf;qD;rdcyhJ gw,f? 'gayrJh 'Azahari Husin'&J@ wGzJ ufwOD; jzpfwhJ Noordin Mohammad qdo k l uawmh xGuaf jy;vGwaf jrmufaeqJjzpf ygw,f/ ESpfa,mufpvHk;[m 2002 ckESpf bmvDu|e;f AH;k azgucf rJG /_ 2003 ckEpS f *sm umwm&Sd a[mfw,fA;kH cGrJ /_ 2004 ckEpS f *smumwm&Sd 'Australia'oH±;kH udk AH;k cGrJ _ wd@k eJ@ tckaemufq;kH AH;k cGrJ j_ zpfwhJ 2005 ckESpf bmvDu|ef;AHk;cGJr_awGtm;vHk;&J@ aemufu, G u f ae }uKd ;udik cf hJ azgucf aJG &; orm;rsm;vnf;jzpfygw,f/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

20

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg;

rme,fyavmc&D;onf armifpif-u,f bm;tHrh aS umhu&dwo f dk h npmukd arSmifrpD m;vku d =f uonf? t=umif;rSm bm;tHv h #ypf pfr;D onfvnf; &efuek v f #ypf pfr;D uJo h @dk yif pdwrf cs&? +y;D v#if reufjzefa&Sq › uf&rnfch &D;pOftwGuf qufom;trsK;d orD;ESihf usaemfqufvufaqG;aEG;=uonf? bm;tHw h iG f usaemft odtu|r;f rsm;pGm&So d nf? xk@d a=umifh bm;thrH S cyfjrefjrefxu G cf gG vo kd nf? vGecf ahJ om 5 v/ 6 vcef@wGif usaemf. axmifxu G o f wif;ESi"hf gwyf o kH nf owif;pmESihf ±kyjf rifo=H um;wGiyf gco hJ jzifh ,if;twGuf e,faxmufvrS ;f a&;tzG@J ESihf owif;ay; rsm; usaemft h m; rSwrf ad umif;rSwrf Ed idk o f nf? xk@d a=umifh &Siaf vmif;vSno hf vkd trsm;jrifomaomc&D;vrf;rS jzpfEikd v f #irf oGm;vk?d qkv d o dk nfrmS bm;tHrh S jrefjref xGu+f y;D usaemft h wGuf ykrd v dk jkH cKH aprnfh awmvrf;rS usaemfomG ;csio f nf? qufom;trsK;d orD;pDpOfxm;onfh c&D;pOft& reufjzefwiG f bm;tHrh x S u G rf nf qko d jzifh usaemfqENtwdik ;f wxyfwnf;jzpfomG ;onf? ok@d &mwGif ol.'kw, d tpD tpOfrmS awmvrf;uroGm;yJ bm;tHraS umhu&dw/f aumhu&dwrf jS r0wDo@dk um; jzifo h mG ;&ef pDpOfxm;+y;D jzpfI olEiS u hf saemf xyfraH qG;aEG;=u&jyefavonf? tawG@t=uKH EiS hf c&D;vrf;u|r;f usi+f y;D jzpfaom qufom;trsK;d orD;onf us aemft h m; ol@tpDtpOfudk tao;pdw&f iS ;f jy&Smonf? reufjzefwiG f um;wef;onf bm;tHrh S jr0wDtxdomG ;rnf? ,if;um;wef;tm; OD;aqmifomG ;rnfo h rl mS wyf&if; rSL;jzpfa=umif;/ wyf&if;rSL;onftrde@f ESihf wm0eft& jr0wDwiG &f adS omqifudk oGm; ,lrnfjzpfa=umif;/ ok@d jzpfI ,if;um;wef;xJY c&D;onfwifum;rsm;ESihf ukew f if um;rsm;yg vku d yf gomG ;=urnfjzpfa=umif;/ oltaeESihf vlp;D ukew f if wk, d w dk m um;uav;ukd toifih mS ;xm;+y;D jzpfa=umif;/ um;wef;xJwiG f twlwuG vku d yf g oGm;=urnfjzpfa=umif;/ ol@tpDtpOfudk qufom;trsK;d orD;u &Si;f jyavonf?

(0Jr, S m)armifpif=u,f/ a&mbwfZef/ apmueJyD

TwGif usaemfox d m;aom ta&;}u;D onft h csuw f csujf zpfonfh bm;tHrh S xGuo f nfu h m;wkid ;f axmufvrS ;f a&;±k;H ok@d vlEiS w hf uG um;uko d mG ;jy&onft h csuEf iS hf bm;tHrh t S xGuf axmufvrS ;f a&;*dwu f dk ausmjf zwf&onft h csuw f @dk ukd usaemfu qufom;trsK;d orD;tm; jyefar;vku d o f nf? usaemftxufwiG f qdck +hJ y;D jzpfonft h wkid ;f usaemfq h ufom;trsK;d orD;onf tawG@t=uKH &o dS nf? &J&ifo h u G v f ufonfjzpfI ,if;udprP sm;ukv d nf; olppD Ofxm; +y;D jzpfa=umif; jyefvnfajymjyonf? aemufq;kH taeESihf bm;tHt h xGuf axmuf vSr;f a&;*dwv f eG af omfrS um;ay:jyefwufv#if raumif;bl;vm;[kaomar;cGe;f

rdkufu,ftJ&pf(pf)rdcif(a':atmifqef;pk=unf. a,muQr)/ 'dk&moef;at;/ aemftJvdZbwf (0JrS,m)

ukyd if oluwcgwnf; y,fcsvu dk af vonf? usaemfbmrSrajymomawmh? bmrS vnf; ajymIrjzpfawmh? usaemfb h 0wckv;kH tm; qufom;t rsK;d orD;.vufxJ od@k 0uGut f yfvu dk &f awmhonf? xkad e@n tdy, f m0ifaomtcg tdrw f iG u f se&f pf cJah om ZeD;/ orD;ESihf om;wk@d . rsuEf mS rsm;ukd jyefvnfjrifa,mifaerdonf? aemufwae t h yd , f mrSE;dk vmaomtcg qufom;trsK;d orD;. tpDtpOfjzifh eHeufpmukd apmapmpm;vku d =f u&onf? eHeuf 9 em&Dcef@wGif usaemfw@dk om;t zoH;k a,muftm; qufom;trsK;d orD;uOD;aqmifI um;q&mtdro f @dk ac:aqmif vmonf? um;q&monf c&D;a0;oGm;rnfjzpfaoma=umifh ol@wk, d w dk mum;u av;tm; aocsmonfxufaocsmap&ef=unf±h @_ ppfaq;ae&Smonf? usaemfonf qufom;trsK;d orD;u wk;d wk;d wdww f w d af jymjyxm;+y;D jzpfI um; q&monf ppfom;vlxu G w f a,mufjzpfa=umif; odxm;+y;D jzpfonf? em&D0ufcef@ =umv#if ,if;um;uav;jzifh usaemfwdk h bm;tH+h rKd @xJo@dk vmcJ=h uonf? u&if trsK;d om;0wfprkH sm; a&mif;aomqkid w f qkid t f a&mufwiG f qufom;trsK;d orD;u um;ay:rSqif;ap+y;D xkq d idk w f iG f em;em;aeaeae&ef ae&mcsxm;ay;onf? um; q&mrl usaemfw@dk um;ay:rSqif;onfEiS hf um;armif;I jyefxu G o f mG ;avonf? xdrk eS m&D0ufcef@=umv#if um;q&mjyefa&mufvmonf? um;q&mESifh quf om;trsK;d orD;wd@k wDw;kd ajymqkad e =uonf? qufom;trsK;d orD;u um;q&m tm; oabmwla=umif; acgi;f ndwjf yvku d o f nfudk usaemfjrifvu dk &f onf? TwGif um;q&monfum;armif;I cyfjrefjrefyif jyefvnfxu G cf gG omG ;jyefonf? qufom;trsKd;orD;onfusaemfhxdkifcHkab;wGifvmxkdifonf? +yD;v#if ESpu f , dk =f um; usaemfu h adk jymjyonf? “=uufoeG u f ek af wG jr0wDtxd&vk@d um;q &m oGm;wifaew,fq&m/ vHjk cKH a&;t& yk+d y;D aumif;oGm;w,fæ” usaemf bmrSr ajymjzpf? qufom;trsK;d orD;ajymor#EiS hf vkyo f r#udk usaemfacgi;f ndwo f abm wl&efom toif&h adS eygawmhonf? 15 rdepf=umv#if um;q&mum;armif;I jyef a&mufvmonf? eHeufcif;u 0rf;a[mif;avmif;jzpfaeaom um;0rf;wku d x f J wGif =uufoeG t f w d rf sm;jzifh jznfah rmufvmonf? usaemfonf vljrifrcH&aJ om a=umifh um;twGi;f ykid ;f ae&m&Sd =uufoeG t f w d rf sm;ay:wGif ae&m,lvu dk o f nf? vlEiS u hf ek yf gwif+y;D jzpfaom usaemfw@dk . vlp;D ukew f ifum;uav;onf +rKd @ v,facgiv f rf;csK;d rsm;ukd auG yh wf+y;D aemuf ajruGuv f yS w f ae&mta&mufY t

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

21

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg; oifw h ef;pDae+y;D jzpfaom um;wef;}u;D wae&mwGif ae&m0if,v l u dk af vonf? vrf;c&D;wm0efcw H yf=uyf}u;D wOD;onf wef;pDxm;aomum;wef;rS um;ta& twGupf m&if;ukd a&;rSw, f al eonf? c%=umv#if c&mr_wo f EH iS t hf wl um;wef; &Sn}f u;D onf pwifa±G@vsm;vmavonf? qufom;trsK;d orD;. ajymjycsut f & wyf&if;rSL;.um;onf um;wef;.a&Sw › iG yf gvmonf? xkad e@u um;wef;wGiyf g vmaom um;pD;a&aygi;f onf um;}u;D um;i,fppk ak ygi;f ESpq f ,fausmcf ef@&Srd nf [k usaemfxifonf? bm;tH+rKd @txGu*f w d q f o D @dk eD;uyfvmv#if um;toGm;E_e;f onf +rKd @wGi;f t oGm;E_e;f xuf jrefvmonf? qufom;trsK;d orD;ajymjyxm;I odxm;onfrmS aemufq;kH jzpfaom axmufvrS ;f a&;*dwu f dk ausmjf zwf+y;D rSom bm;tH+h rKd @jyifbuf ok@d a&mufrnfjzpfonf? TwGif &ifx&J dS pk;d &draf =umifu h sra_ 0'emu wpfq@dk qk@d }u;D jzpfaeqJjzpfonf? ok@d &mwGif tawG@t=uKH Om%fynmwk@d jzifh }uKd wifppD Ofxm; aoma=umifh usaemfw@dk um;uav; bm;tH+h rKd @jyiftxGuf axmufvrS ;f a&;*dwo f @dk a&mufvmv#if tjcm;aomum;rsm;tm; &yfwef@ckid ;f aomfvnf; usaemfw@dk um; ukrd l Ttwkid ;f oGm;cGijhf yKvu dk o f nf? xkad e@u wm0efusppfom;&Jabmfav;onf usaemfw@dk . ppfom;'g±u dk b f m}u;D ukyd if vdu _ v f pJS mG E_wq f ufvu dk &f mS ao;onf? omrnawmifq&mawmf usaemfw@kd . vlp;D ukew f ifum;uav;onf bm;th*H w d t f xGuYf &yfwef@ay; jcif;rcH&aoma=umifh ZGu J yifawmif}u;D ESit hf wl a&Sr› aS eI t+yKd iaf jy;aeavonf? usaemfonf =uufoeG t f w d af y:wGif roufromvku d yf g&if; twdww f iG &f cdS ahJ om u&ifjynfe,fEiS yhf ufoufonft h a=umif;t&mrsm;ukd jyefvnfjrifa,mifro d nf? 1960ckEpS w f iG jf zpfonf? bm;tHòh r@wGif u&iftrsK;d om;,Ofaus;r_azmfxw k af &; nDvmcHw&yfuu dk si;f ycJo h nf? xkpd Ofu usaemfonf {&m0wDwidk ;f / yJc;l wkid ;f / &efuek w f idk ;f uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;ESit hf wl oD;oef@rD;&xm;wGjJ zifh &efuek rf S rkwrW txd vmcJo h nf(oxH-k +rKd iu f av;vrf;um; rayguaf o;acs)? armfv+rKd it f a&mufwiG f armfv+rKd i&f dS u&ifjynfe,ftpk;d &{nfah *[mwGif wnf;ck=d u&onf? aemufwae@ wGif armfv+rKd irf S bm;tHo h mG ; {&m0wDEpS x f yfoabFmjzifh oHviG jf rpfa=umif;twkid ;f bm;tHo h dk v h m&onf? Tc&D;onf usaemft h zkd o h v H iG jf rpf}u;D tm; yxrqH;k awG@ bl;jrifb;l jcif;yifjzpfavonf?

u&iftrsKd;om;ae@wGif z'dkpHvif;rSm trSmpum;ajym=umaepOf

u&ifjynfe,ftpk;d &. ±H;k taqmuftODrsm;onf xkpd Ofu w0ufwysurf # om +y;D pD;ayao;onf? ok@d jzpfI nDvmcHtcrf;tem;tm; bm;tHt h xufwef; ausmif;wGif usi;f y&onf? ,Ofaus;r_azmfxw k af &;nDvmcHonf 3 &ufwidk w f idk f

usi;f yaoma=umifh pmay,Ofaus;r_/ tEkock rk ynm/ orkid ;f pojzifh tykid ;f ykid ;f wif jyaqG;aEG;=uonf? wEkid if v H ;kH twkid ;f twmjzifh uk, d pf m;jyKum yg0ifwufa&muf aqG;aEG;aoma=umifh a,bk,stm;jzifh jynfph o kH nf[v k nf; oH;k oyfEidk o f nf? ,if; ,Ofaus;r_azmfxw k af &;nDvmcH}u;D tm; uruxjyKIOD;aqmiforl mS u&ifjynf e,ftpk;d &ESihf tpk;d &tzG@J OuUX0ef}u;D a'guw f mapmvSxeG ;f jzpfonf? nDvmcHaemufq;kH ae@wGif tjrw J ef;aumfrw D w D &yfudk zG@J pnf;av&m nDvm cHu usaemftm; wGb J uftwGi;f a&;rSL;tjzpf a±G;cs,cf &hJ onf? +y;D v#if nDvmcHrS &yfem;ay;onfh wckaom eHeufcif;Y ZGu J yifawmifay:ok@d wuf=uav&m armfv +rKd iaf q;±H}k u;D rS q&mrav;rsm;ESit hf wlwI JG awmifay:wufc&hJ onfch &D;onf xkd pOfu usaemft h zd@k =unfE;l zG,&f mtaumif;qH;k jzpfc&hJ avonf?

+rKd i}f u;D ilq&mawmf jrode;f wefb&k m; Xmyemydwyf GJ tcrf;tem; +y;D aemuf nDvmcH.aemufq;kH ae@ESihf aemufq;kH nyifjzpfonf? u&ifjynfe,f tpk;d &tzG@J OuUX a'guw f mapmvSxeG ;f onf nDvmcHu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;tm; Ekid if H awmfnpmpm;yGjJ zifh {nfch aH u|;arG;onf? ,if;Edik if aH wmfnpmpm;yGw J iG &f adS eaom }u;D us,rf /_ crf;em;r_/ vSyr_rsm;tay:Y xyfqifI h o&zlaqmif;xm;onfum; r,fArm/ Edik if aH usm±f yk &f iS rf if;orD;ESihf &efuek w f uUov dk ef nf;jyq&mr aemfvZGD m bifqif. xifay:ausm=f um;r_/ vSyr_EiS hf t&m&mukq d aJG qmifEidk rf w _ @dk yifjzpfonf? Tok@d jzifu h saemfonf twdwYf vGiahf rsmaepOf armfawmfum;uav;onf bm;tHrh x S u G cf gG vmI ESpef m&Dcef@t=um tdEKN &mG }u;D wGif xk;d &yfvu kd af vonf? TwGif usaemf. twdwrf t S awG;rsm;onfvnf; rk;d wdrw f u dk w f @dk .tv,fY vGihf yg;ysujf y,fomG ;avawmhonf? qufom;trsK;d orD;u tdEKN wiG f em&D0ufcef@um; &yfem;rnf? ol@twGuf vkypf &mrsm;vnf;&So d nf? um;ay:rSqif;=uI vBu&f nf aomufEidk af =umif;qko d jzifh usaemfw@dk om;tzum;ay:rS qif;vku d =f uonf? tdEKN onf wku d ef ,ftqif. h ±Gm}u;D w±Gmjzpfonf? xkid ;f -jrefrme,fpyfrw S qifh bm; tHo h @kd arSmifcu dk ek 0f ifxu G o f nfh t"duvrf;a=umif;}u;D wckyifjzpfonf? 1965 ckEpS af vmufjzpfonf? usaemfonf ‘oHviG u f awmhp;D jryJ if’ ±ky&f iS Zf mwf um;±ku d u f ;l &eftwGuf ±ku d u f u G rf sm;=unf&h ef u&ifjynfe,fo@dk vmpOf ±ky&f iS 'f g ±ku d w f mESihf pma&;q&mjrifah rmif(OD;jrifah rmif)ESit hf wl ,if;tdEKN &mG }u;D ok@d yxr qH;k tacgut f jzpf a&mufczhJ ;l +y;D jzpfonf? xkid ;f Ekid if rH aJ qmuf+rKd @‘r,fawmf’ &yf uGuw f iG f aq;±Hzk iG x hf m;aom a'guw f mpifo, D monf 1988ck 'Dru dk a&pDta&; awmfyrkH wkid rf D ,cktEd KN &mG }u;D wGif aq;cef; zGiv hf pS cf ahJ o;onf? ta&;awmfypkH wif vmaomtcg a'guw f mpifo, D monf ausmif;om;rsm;ESit hf wl tdEKN rx S u G v f m a=umif; aemufyidk ;f wGif usaemfocd &hJ onf? tdEKN wiG u f m;&yfem;I em&D0ufcef@=um v#if qufom;trsK;d orD;onf um;q&mESit hf wl um;qDo@dk jyefvmonf? usaemf wk@d om;tzvnf; tvku d o f pd mG um;ay:ok@d jyefwufvu kd =f uonf? um;rxGurf D uav;wGif qufom;trsK;d orD;onf c&D;wavsmufY tEW&m,fuif;ab;uif;I vkd&mc&D;a&mufap&eftvdk@iSm omrnawmifESifh omrnq&mawmfxH 0if a&mufz;l ar#mrf nft h pDtpOfudk usaemft h m;ajymjyonf? usaemfuvnf; oabmwla=umif;acgi;f ndwjf yvku d o f nf? tdEKN EiS o hf mrn

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

22

tcef;qufu, dk af wG‹aqmif;yg; awmifonf ra0;vSacs? rdepfo;kH av;q,fcef@armif;v#if omrnawmifajct 0ifpjzpfaom ajrnDvrf;uav;ok@d a&mufvmonf? ,if;vrf;um; tdEKN bufrS t0ifvrf;jzpfonf? aumhu&dwb f ufrS t0iftxGuv f rf;rl omrnawmif. awmifausmwzufwiG &f o dS nf? tdEKN EiS hf aumhu&dwb f uft0iftxGuv f rf;ESpf zufpvH;k rSmyif vrf;wavsmufY q&mawmftm; trSjD yKvsuf +rKd @uav;w+rKd @yrm tdraf jc,majcrsm; wd;k wufrsm;jym;vmum pnfum;aeavonf? usaemfw@dk omrnawmifo@dk a&mufomG ;csed o f nf ae@vnf oH;k em&Dyif&adS eav onf? ok@d &mwGif q&mawmftm; vma&mufz;l ar#maf om {nfyh &dowfrsm;tm; tdr&f iS 'f um'umrrsm;u apwemxufoefpmG jzifh au|;arG;{nfch aH eqJjzpfav onf? usaemfw@dk tzk@d eHeufpmukd bm;tHw h iG pf m;cJI h vBu&f nfEiS hf rke@f tcsKu d dk tdEKN wiG pf m;aomufc+hJ y;D jzpfI tvSL&SiEf iS hf tdr&f iS rf sm;tm; eHeufpmrpm;vkad wmh a=umif; awmif;yefpum;ajym&avonf?

0rfcwzufurf;wGif xGuaf jy;vmaom ay:wmrsm;tm; armifpif=u,fawG@qHak r;jref;pOf

orkid ;f uku d m; a&S;rqGuyif usaemfox d m;+y;D jzpfavonf? txl;ojzifh q&m ,k'oef(a'guw f m*spq f if)onf ,if;.omoemXmecsKyt f m; Ekid if aH &;ESihf ppfa&; a=umifh &efuek rf S usKu d r< ED iS hf armfv+rKd io f @dk ajymif;a±$@vm+y;D aemufY usKu d r< /D armfv+rKd irf w S qifh ,if;*sKid ;f jrpfuq dk efI v_id ;f bG@J +rKd @e,ftwGi;f okd ch ufcufccJ jJ zifh av;acguw f w d ad &mufcb hJ ;l a=umif; usaemf. ‘,k'oefEiS jhf refrma±$jynf’ pmrlY azmfjyxm;.? xkpd Ofu pmaypdppfa&;upma&;olonfc&pf,mefr[kw[ f al om ta=umif;jycsujf zifyh ,fcsypfco hJ nf? ok@d jzifh ,k'oefEiS jhf refrma&$jynfonf pmtkyt f jzpfxu G rf vmEkid af wmhacs? *sKid ;f jrpf[lIac:xGifaomfvnf; *sKdif;jrpfonf [email protected]&$avmif;acsmif;r#om us,fonf? *sKdif;jrpf.xl;jcm;r_onf u&ifjynfe,fv_dif;bGJ@+rdK he,ftwGif;okd@ pD;0ifomG ;+y;D aemuf aumhu&dw+f rKd @e,f/ usK'H ;dk teD;ok@d a&mufjyefaomtcg wzef twW&jH rpftwGi;f rS oHviG jf rpftwGi;f ok@d pD;0ifomG ;jyefavonf? ul;wk@d z,f&o D nf usaemfw@kd um;uav;tm; q,fah v;ig;rdepftwGi;f Y w bufurf;ok@d yk@d aqmifay;Ekid v f u dk af vonf? ok@d &mwGif wk, d w dk mum;uav; onf z,f&aD y:rS urf;ay:ok@d twufwiG f z,f&o D aH ygijf zifh cku d rf o d mG ;aoma=umifh um;OD;ykid ;f rSbefygrmS acguo f mG ;avawmhonf? TwGif *sKid ;f jrpfta&Sb › ufurf; (aumhu&dw+f rKd @e,f)ta&mufY ppfwyfEiS &hf w J yfpEk pS pf t k m; rar#mv f ifb h J bGm;ueJ awG@jrifvu kd &f jyefavonf? ppfom;tcsK› o d nf um;vrf;ab;ESihf opfyifatmuf wGix f idk af e=uI tcsK› o d nfxrif;qkid Ef iS v hf u B &f nfqidk rf sm;wGif xkid af e=uonf? t a=umif ; uk d p H k p rf ; =unf h a omtcgusaemf w k d @ um;onf *sKd i f ; qd y f o k d @ OD;pGma&mufEiS ahf e+y;D wyf&if;rSL;um;a&mufrvmao;I *sKid ;f jrpfta&Sb › ufurf; wGif wyf&if;rSL;.vHk jcKH a&;twGuf aumhu&dw&f dS ppfwyfEiS &hf w J yfpEk pS pf u k vm a&mufapmifah ejcif;jzpfa=umif; od&avonf? TwGif usaemf.rsuEf mS ukd a&SmifvzJ$ ;kH uG,I f r&awmhacs? ajy;csipf w d af yguf aeaomfvnf; ajy;ayguu f r&Sad wmh? um;q&monf csK› id 0f ifomG ;aombefygudk txl;}uKd ;pm;Ijyifqifaeavonf? jyifqifI+y;D onfEiS hf tjrefq;kH jyefxu G rf nf jzpfa=umif;ukv d nf; qufom;trsK;d orD;u tm;wH@k tm;empGmjzifh usaemfu h adk jym vmonf? usaemfonf ajymifwvif;acgiw f iG f xD;xD;ESix hf if;xif;aejcif;xuf a&ma&maESmaESmaeonfrmS zH;k uG,jf cif;wrsK;d jzpfEidk o f nfudk oabmayguo f nf? ppfom;rsm;xkid af eaom xrif;qkid x f w J iG f a&maESmxdik af evku d +f y;D xrif;wyGu J dk rpm;csipf m;csijf zifh rSmpm;&avonf? Tok@d jzifh aemufxyfem&D0ufcef@=umv#if [kx d o k nf±u kd jf zifh csKid 0hf ifomG ;aombefygonf jyefvnfaumif;rGeo f mG ;avonf? um;q&monf a&pyfwiG &f adS eaom ol@um;ukd vrf;ray:ok@d armif;wifvm onf? usaemfwkd@om;tzvnf; cyfjrefjrefyif um;ay:okd@wufvdkuf=uonf? usaemfw@dk um;uav;onf *sKid ;f jrpfta&Sb › ufurf;rS xGucf gG vmonfw h idk af tmif wyf&if;rSL;.um;onf *sKid ;f jrpftaemufbufurf; ul;wd@k qdyo f @dk a&mufIrvm ao;acs? aumhu&dwo f @kd a&mufcsed w f iG f nae 5 em&Dx;dk av+y?D ok@d &mwGif xdak e@u aeomaoma=umifh usaemfq h ufom;trsK;d orD;tzd@k olwm0ef,I l aqmif±u G &f

omrnawmifq&mawmfonf omrnawmifi,fwGifw&m;xkdifonf? awmifajcr¾yfokd hw&m;ay;&ef nae5em&DrS ºua&mufawmfrlavh&Sdonf? usaemfw@dk onf a&Sc› &D;quf&ef&adS eao;I q&mawmfºuvmrnft h csed u f dk rapmifh Ekid af wmhacs? q&mawmf.'um'umrrsm;u q&mawmfo'd w
23

Moe Thauk Kye Journal tar;tajzu¾

onfv h yk if ef;twGuf tcuftcJr&Sv d aS cs? um;q&monf aumhu&dw+f rKd @xJo@dk r0ifbJ aumhu&dwEf iS jhf r0wDt0iftxGuu f m;*dwq f o D @dk um;ukw d u dk ±f u dk af rmif; vmonf? ,if;tcsed o f nf jr0wDrq S if;vmaomum;rsm;a&mufcsd ejf zpfI um;*dwf wGif yGcJ if;wr#pnfum;aeavawmhonf? xkpd Ofxt dk cg xkad 'orSvrl sm;onf vl vlcsi;f tm±Hpk ;l pku d zf kd x h uf ukeyf pPn;f ESiahf iGa=u;tay:wGio f m tm±Hpk ;l pku d af eaom a=umifh usaemfw@dk tzk@d wrsK;d yifuaH umif;ao;onf[k ,lq&awmhonf? usaemfwkd@om;tzonf um;ay:rSqif;I vlolxlxyfaomvrf;ab;wGif xGuaf evdu k o f nf? c%=umv#if wyf=uyf}u;D wOD;ESihf usaemfq h ufom;trsK;d orD;/ um;q&mwk@d wae&mwGif acgi;f csi;f qkid I f aqG;aEG;ae=uonfudk usaemfvrS ;f I jrifvdkuf&onf? u|efawmfrodu|rf;usifjyKIaevkdufonf? aemufykdif;wGifrS usaemfo&d onfrmS vlwiG v f nf;ygvm/ =uufoeG u f ek af wGvnf;ygvmaoma=umifh ,if;vlp;D ukew f ifum;uav;tm; aumhu&dwrf jS r0wDo@dk rnfa±$@rnfr#jzifh ppf wyfuu,f&v D u dk af y;Edik rf nfudk aqG;aEG;=u&m 3000 jzifh aps;wnfo h mG ;a=umif; qufom;trsK;d orD;ujyefajymI od&avonf? ,if;uJo h @dk aps;wnho f mG ;+y;D aemufwiG f wyf=uyf}u;D onf usaemfw@dk um;u av;tm;OD;aqmifI aumhu&dwaf *guu f iG ;f ab;ujzwfarmif;ckid ;f +y;D ppfwyfypPn;f xm;&m *kad 'gi0f if;twGi;f ok@d 0ifcidk ;f vku d af vonf? um;wef;onf rk;d csKyaf omfrS aumhu&dwrf jS r0wDo@dk xGurf nfjzpfI rd;k rcsKyrf csi;f ,if;ppfwyf.ypPn;f rsm;xm; &m *kad 'gi0f if;twGi;f Yyif usaemfw@dk ae=u&onf? xdo k @dk ae&mwGiv f nf; ppfwyf 0if;twGi;f jzpfI av#mufomG ;cGiEhf iS hf um;ay:rSqif;cGirhf &Sad v&m =uufoeG t f w d af y: Y Ttwkid ;f xkid af e=u&onf? n 7 em&DwiG f rd;k pke;f pke;f csKyo f mG ;onf? TwGirf S um;xGuaf wmhrnfjzpfa=umif; um;q&muajymvmonf? c%t=umwGif um; a&SO› ;D cef;qDrS rD;zGiv hf monf? ppf,el aD zmif;tjynft h pH0k wfxm;aom t&m&Sw d OD; um;a&Sc› ef;xJ0ifvmonf? um;aemufzufYrl *so D &D;ukid x f m;aom ppfom;&J abmfav;wOD; wG,w f ufvmonf? ppfom;&Jabmfuav;onf um;a&SO› ;D cef; wGiyf gvmaom t&m&S. d vHjk cKH a&;twGujf zpfa=umif;usaemfw@dk odvu kd =f uonf?

qufvufazmfjyygrnf

rd;k aomuf=u,fcifAsm;æ? usaemf[m wu,fpmay0goemygvd@k vmem;axmif wJo h w l OD;yg? 'Dtxd wul;wua&mufvm+y;D a[majymay;wJh usaemfw@kd &J@ q&m }u;D awGuv kd nf; t&rf;aus;Zl;wifygw,f? 'gayr,fAh smæ a[majymwJq h &m}u;D awGtwGuf owfrw S af y;wJh tcsdeef nf;wm&,fæ vmem;axmifwo hJ al wmf awmfrsm;rsm;[m pmay0goemygvd@k em;axmifwmxuf "gwfyt kH ±du k cf cH sifv@kd vmwmu rsm;aewmawG@&vd@k pdwrf aumif;bl;Asmæ usaemfw@kd vnf; aemif}u;D vdrk sK;d cHpm;rdygw,f? jzpfEikd &f if reufuae ntxd tcef;iSm;ygao;w,f? b,fvrkd S iSm;vk@d r&vd@k yg? aemufwcsuu f awmhAsm ol vnf;avavmuDom;ayrd@k vd@k oabmxm;+y;D em;vnfay;ygv@kd ajymcsiyf gw,f [Jvæ kd rd;k aomuf=u,f? tckwavm *syefrmS &jzL*sD&wJo h al wG awmfawmfrsm; w,fv@kd od&w,f? b,fvjkd zpfwmvJ? usaemfw@kd u tar&dueftpd;k &qDrmS *syefrmS &jzL*saD y;wmenf;+y;D wif;=uyfv@kd tar&dum;txd a&mufatmifvm+y;D &jzL*sDxufwifwmygvd@k ajymxm;wmæ 'gqkd *syefujkd yefvmcJah væ [Jvæ kd rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,fv}l u;D rif;rsm;&Siæ hf ? &Siw f @kd *sme,f wvxufwv ydak umif;vmw,fv@kd cs;D usL;yg&apæ? qufvuf+y;D ydak umif;atmif óu;pm;ygv@kd ajymcsifygw,fæ tckvkd tm;ay;pum;ajymwJt h wGuf aus;Zl;wifygw,f? óu;pm;ygr,fv@kd vnf; uwdpum; xyfraH jymyg&apæ [Jvæ kd rd;k aomuf=u,fa&? t&ifvu cifAsm;wd@k *sme,fxrJ mS ygwJh tzrf;cH&&if bmawGvkyfoifhw,fqdkwJh tyk'fxJrSm usaemfr&Sif;wmwck&Sdvdk@? tJ'gu bmvnf;qdak wmh- ‘jyef0ifrvm&[k trde@f csxm;aom owfrw S x f m;onhEf pS f twGi;f jyef0ifvmjcif; ay:oGm;ygu axmifo;kH ESpcf sygonf’qdw k hJ tyk'yf g? b,fvkd rsKd;jyefr0ifvm&qdw k t hJ rde@f vJ? b,favmuftwdik ;f twmtwGi;f jyefr0ifvm &rSmvJæ tvG,q f ;kH eJ@ t&Si;f qH;k ajym&&if ‘0’vH;k wa,muf tzrf;cH&&if oH;k ESp(f od@k )ig; ESpftwGif; *syefEdkifiHxJudk jyefr0if&qdkwJh trdef@jyÏmef;csuf&Sdygw,f? tJ'Dh olw@kd csrw S x f m;wJt h rdeu f kd remcHbJ wenf;enf;eJ@ jyef0ifvmw,fqw kd t hJ csuf ay:oGm;&if axmifcswmygæ [Jvæ kd rd;k aomuf=u,f? &Siw f @kd rd;k aomuf=u,f jyefvnfz@GJ pnf;wm usrwd@k vnf; bmrSrod&ygvm;æ? usrwd@k vnf; &Siw f @kd tzJ@G xJ0ifcsif&if &ao;ovm;æ usaemfw@kd tzG@J xJ0ifr,fq&kd if aiGuek rf ,fæ? vlyifyef;r,f? trsm;tusK;d twGuf tepfemcHEdkif&r,f? 'D=um;xJ aus;pGyfwmvnf; cHEdkif&nf&Sd&r,f? tJ't D csuaf wG vdu k ef mEdik rf ,fq&kd if b,fo@l udrk qdk óuqdyk gw,fæ

zdwaf c:tyfygonf tðyoabmaqmifonfh pmrlrsm;ESihf owif;tcsuftvufrsm; udk rnfolrqdkay;ydk@Edkifyga=umif; rdk;aomuf=u,f*sme,frS zdwaf c:tyfonf? rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

24

tifwmeufowif;(jynfwiG ;f ) rSww f rf;rsm;vnf; r&Sad =umif; ajz=um;cJo h jzifh trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKyf o wif;ESijhf yef=um;a&; tzJ@G 0if OD;[Homjrifu h “rsufprD w dS +f y;D ZGwjf iif;aewJu h pd q P kd awmh b,fvakd jym&rSe;f awmif rodawmhb;l ? usaemfw@kd t±du k cf &H wke;f u ,leD azmif;0wfxm;wJv h al wG trsm;}u;D ygwmyJ? taxmuftxm; 'Davmufcikd v f w kH hJ udp}P u;D æ”[k ajym=um;onf? +ird ;f aZmf(FIG) =uzH w G t f oif;udk vlra_ &;vkyif ef;rsm;vkyaf qmif&ef 1993 ckwiG f pwifz@GJ pnf; ukefaps;E_ef; cJ+h y;D toif;.em,urSm etzOuUÏ Adv k cf sKyrf LS ;}u;D oef;a±$jzpf+y;D em,utzG@J 0if rsm; }u;D rm;vGe;f rsm;rSvnf; ppftyk pf t k zG@J 0ifrsm;jzpfonf? aeI ae@pm;t jrefrmEdik if w H iG f Edik if aH &;ygwrD sm;. vlxpk nf;a0;yJrG sm;udk ppftyk pf u k ydwyf if vkyo f rm;rdom;pk xm;aomfvnf; =uzhH w G t f oif;u wkid ;f ESijhf ynfe,ftoD;oD;wGif ac:,lonhf vlxk rsm; wae@xuf pnf;a0;yJrG sm;Y vlaxmifaomif;csI D wufa&mufciG jhf yKxm;+y;D =uzHh w G 0f if&ef tm wae@ pm;0wf %mydik rf sm;u trsK;d rsK;d zdtm;ay;r_&o dS nfqo kd nfo h wif;rsm;vnf; xGuaf y:vsuf aea&; rajyr &So d nf?(acwfòyifowif;rS) vnfjzpfum qefðywfaomuf

ukefaps;E_ef;a=umifh &efukefòr‹ay: qefðywf aomufolrsm;vm

ae&olrsm; rsm;jym;vmaea=umif; od&onf? &efuek òf r@wGiyf if vufvyk v f ufpm;rsm;rSm wae@&aiGEiS hf wae@xrif;pm;&dwf ravmufiI S ,ckuo hJ @kd qefðywfaomuf&aom tajctaejzpfae&onf[k vdi_ f om,mòr@rS OD;ausmfjrihfu ajymjyonf? “vGecf w hJ EhJ pS v f avmuftajctaexuf ydq k ;kd vmw,f? ukeaf ps;E_e;f awGxuf "mwfqaD ps;awG wufvm+y;D wJah emufaygh? vdi_ o f m,m usefppfom;tdr&f m pcef;rSm&Sw d hJ ae@pm;orm; awmfawmfrsm;rsm; qefðywfaomufae=uw,fAsm? uav;awGvnf; iwfjywfaea&m? rdbawG tvkyu f jyefvmrSbJ qefukd Ed@k qDA;l 3 Al;avmuf0,f+y;D qefjyKwfe@J wae@pm+y;D oGm;=uw,f? wjcm;òr@awGrmS vnf; vlawG qefðywfaomufae&w,fv@kd =um;ae&w,f? vlawG t&rf;udk 'kuQ a&mufae=u+yæ D ”[k OD;ausmjf rifu h qufvufajymjyonf? wcsed w f nf;rSmyif &efuek òf r@Y vk,ufr/_ cd;k r_/ cg;ydu k Ef u _d rf r_ sm;/ aiGvrd rf r_ sm; r=umc%jzpfay:aeonf? r=umao;rDu =unfhjrifwdkifY ae@cif;a=umifawmif tdru f 0kd ifI "g;jywdu k cf ahJ o;onf? ,cktcsed w f iG f etzAdv k cf sKyrf sm;ESihf ‚wd@k . aqGrsK;d todik ;f t0dik ;f rsm;om tpOfajyae=uI jynforl sm;rSm pm;0wfaea&;a=umifh 'kuaQ &mufae=u&m xrif; &nfwykvif; usyf 70 ay;0,fI 0,faomufae&jcif;rsm;vnf; &Sad eonf?S

tdkifpDtmpDvkyfief;=uHhzGwf0ifpGuf

tusOf ; om;rsm;. usef ; rma&;ES i f h pm; aomufaexdkifa&; EdkifiH wumpHEe_ ;f ESihf udu k n f rD _ &S d r &S d yH k r S e f o G m ;a&muf =unfh±_&ef 'DZifbm(12) &ufwiG f tdik pf t D mpD tzJ@G u om,m0wDtusOf; axmifodk@ oGm;a&muf =unf±h p_ pfaq;&m axmif wGif;Y tkdifpDtmpDtzGJ@ vkyfudkifaqmif±GufyHkrsm;avhvm&ef =uHhzGwftzGJ@udkyg vdu k yf gciG ahf y;&rnf[k axmiftm%mydik rf sm;u ajymqdck o hJ jzihf tusO;f om;rsm;ESihf oGm;a&mufrawG@qHk awmh[k Edik if w H um=uufajceDaumfrwD(tdik pf t D mpD)ud, k f pm;vS,t f zJ@G t}u;D tuJ ywfx&pfA;D vfu acwfòyifo@kd ajym=um;onf? ‚u “tdkifpDtmpD[m tusOf;axmifawGudk oGm;a&mufwJhtcgrSm jrefrmEdik if w H ckwnf;wifr[kwb f ;l ? urBmb h ,fae&mrqdk vGwv f w G v f yfvyf oGm;a&muf=unf±h y_ gw,f? wjcm;tzJ@G tpnf;awGe@J twl oGm;avhr&Syd gbl;? tJ'ga=umifh roGm;wmygæ”[k ajymonf? tdik pf t D mpDonf jrefrmEdik if w H iG f 1986 ckuwnf;u 0ifa&mufvyk u f ikd cf o hJ nf? etzppftyk pf . k ausmaxmufaemufcv H rl a_ &;toif;jzpfonfh jynfaxmifpk d m Edik if aH &;t =ucHh idk af &;ESihf zG@H òz;a&;toif;(=uzhH w G )f udk Edik if aH &;ygwt D oGif ajymif;vJomG ;&ef&dS xd@k aemuf 1999 rSpI tusO;f axmifrsm;od@k oGm;a&mufciG &hf &Su hf a&; onf[k toif;taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL; OD;aX;OD;(v,f,mESihf qnfajrmif;0ef}u;D usO;f om;rsm;tygt0if tusO;f om;rsm;ESihf awG@qHck iG &hf +y;D ‚wd@k . tcGit G cf iG &hf &Scd o hJ nf? Adv k cf sKyaf X;OD;)u &efuek òf r@/ wuUov dk &f yd o f mvrf;opf&dS =uzhH w G Af [dXk mecsKyYf jyK wd;k wufatmif aqmuf±u td i k p f t D mpD t us O ; f axmif o @ k d roG m;Edik af wmhonft h wGuf tusO;f om;rsm;. vkyo f nfh owif;pm&Si;f vif;yJw G iG f ajym=um;cJo h nf? kd ;kd 0g;vmEdik o f nf[k Edik if t H usO;f om;rsm; ulnaD pmifh tqdyk gupd EP iS yhf wfoufI trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKyf owif;ESijhf yef=um;a&; axmifwiG ;f tajctae ydrk q k w d Ef ikd u f ajymonf? tzJ@G 0if OD;[Homjrifu h “tJvv kd yk rf ,fqv kd @kd &S&d if 'guawmh urBmay:rSm wcgrrS &Sd a&Smufa&;toif; twGi;f a&;rSL;udw ‚u “om,m0wDaxmifrmS aum ppfawGrmS yg tpm;taomuf tawmfnhH ao;wJh ppfwyfygwDjzpfrmS yJ? vlra_ &;tzJ@G tpnf;wckukd Edik if aH &;ygwDtaeeJ@ H umtzG@J tpnf;awGukd awG@cGirhf ay;bJe@J wHcg; b,f vdyk pkH eH @J ajymif;rvJ usaemfw@kd taeeJ@ rSe;f qvd@k r&wJu h pd jP zpfaeygw,f? zsif;w,fv@kd =um;&w,f? Edik if w yd w x f m;wJ h taetxm;rsKd ; &S w d ,fq&kd ifawmh Edik if aH &;tusOf;om;awG&@J tajc usaemfw@kd taeeJ@uawmh wu,fv@kd 'Dru kd a&pDenf;t& vGwv f w G v f yfvyf ,SOòf yifv@kd &r,fq&kd if b,fvv kd u l b,fvykd gwyD zJ @GJ zJ@G ud, k &hf @J ,SOòf yifzuftaeeJ@ tae[m a&&Snrf mS tvm;tvmraumif;ygbl;æ”[k ajym=um;onf? +y;D cJo h nfph ufwifbmwGif om,m0wDtusO;f axmifwiG f axmifyikd Of ;D jrifah qG ,lqrSmygæ”[k ajym=um;onf? tqdyk gowif;pm&Si;f vif;yJYG yif Edik if jH cm;owif;axmufwOD;u 'Dy, J if;udpP u tusO;f om;rsm;udk use;f rma&;ESirhf nDonfh yd;k xd;k qefEiS hf yJrsm;csuaf u|;+y;D d jzifh tusOo f m; 7 OD; aoqH;k cJ+h y;D 80 cef@ ar;jref;&m OD;aX;OD;u 'Dy, J if;udpw P iG f =uzhH w G t f aejzifh yg0ifywfoufrr_ &Sad =umif;/ axmifwiG ;f Yvnf; oef@&Si;f r_r&So aq;±H w k uf c & h J onf [ k atatyD y u D owif ; xk w jf yefco hJ nf?(acwfòyifowif;rS) etzu ‚wdk@tm; vma&mufpHkprf;ppfaq;jcif;rðyovdk taxmuftxm; rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

=uHhzGwftoif; ygwDtoGifajymif;rnf

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

25

oa&mfpm

-uufajy;vm;/ -uyfajy;vm;/ a-umufajy;vm; armifykn(-opa-w;vs)

(1) “bbvm;æ/ b,fw;kH ujyefa&mufovJ” “=umoyaw;ae@uygu, G /f udp&P adS jymavæ” “bboGm;cJw h chJ &D;vrf;ta=umif;rar;cif t&;}u;D wmar;csiv f @kd ygbbæ” “at;æat;/ ar;yg ar;yg/ jzpfygw,fæ” “ck e³t³ztaeeJ@ &efuek u f ae+y;D ysO;f rem;udk ajymif;wma±G@wmbb&,f/ wa,mufwrsKd;pD a&;aeajymaevdk@yg? tJh'g =uufajy;vm;/ =uyfajy;vm;/ a=umufajy;vm;/ b,f[mtrSev f b J b&,fæ” (2) “b,f[mrSew f ,f/ b,f[mrSm;w,fqw kd mawmh twdtusajymzd@k u cuf om;uG,/f igvnf; ysO;f rem;udk um;eJ@ &xm;eJ@om ausmjf zwfz;l w,fav? wcku awmh etztaeeJ@ ckvt kd ajctaersK;d rSm =uufajy;udak jy;wmyJjzpfjzpf/ =uyfajy;udk ajy;wmyJjzpfjzpf/ a=umufv@kd ajy;wmyJjzpfjzpf wckrrS aumif;ygb;l uG,æ f ” “[kwu f hJ ajymygbbæ/ orD;em;axmifaeygw,fæ” “ckvkd rajymrqdyk v J yk w f t hJ wGuf wjynfv;kH taeeJ@ txdww f vef@jzpfap w,f/ tqifoifrh jzpfyJ ajymif;&a±G@&wJv h al wGtwGuf 'kuaQ &mufapw,f? a'o cHawGrmS vnf; ±GmawG tdraf wG ajymif;cH&/ a±$@cH&/ zsucf &H wJt h wGuf pm;&rJh aomuf&rJb h 0rSm rsm;pGmtcH&cufapygw,fu, G æ f ” “[kwfuJhygbbæ” “'ga=umifu h , G æ f / =uufajy;yJjzpfjzpf/ =uyfajy;yJjzpfjzpf/ a=umufv@kd ajy;wmyJ jzpfjzpf wckrrS aumif;ygb;l vd@k ajym&wmygu, G æ f ” (3) “rEWav;uaA'ifq&m}u;D wa,mufuawmh a[mw,fbbæ” “[kwv f m;/ b,fvrkd sm;a[mygvrd hf eef;pdeaf iGæ” “aA'ifued ;f cef;t& ‘toku d af jymif;’wmwJæ h / OD;ae0if;vufxufrmS o}ueF f ESpcf gusb;l w,f? &efuek q f w kd mu a±$w*d b kH &k m;}u;D &Sad eawmh ‘atmifajr’wJ?h "gwaf wmfarGawmfawG&adS eawmh a&S;bk&iftqufquf &efawGtm;vH;k ukev f @kd ‘&efuek ’f vd@k ac:wmwJ/h tck[mu a=umufv@kd ajy;wmwJ/h &mZ0ifcsaD jym&&if bk&ifawGppf±;_H vd@k vGw&f mvGwaf =umif;ajy;wmwJæ h ” “at; at; qufajym qufajymæ” “&efuek u f ae =uufajy;udak jymif;ajy;wm[m aA'ifued ;f cef;t& ‘usr;f us’ w,fw?hJ etz[m bmrS vkyv f @kd udik v f @kd r&awmhb;l æ? &efuek t f aetxm;[m

‘jynfrEdik ’f awmhb;l ? tukezf suv f u kd &f if tukeyf su/f tuke&f efjzpf=ur,f? 'DtEW &m,fuakd =umufv@dk ajy;w,fq+kd y;D a[mw,fbb&J@æ” “tif;æ/ OuUvmyrif;}u;D vufxuf/ Ak'&< @J "gwaf wmfarGawmfawGe@J ‘wzk\’ eJ@‘zvdu’nDaemif a±$w*d akH pwDawmf}u;D udk wnfcw hJ ,f? &Siaf pmykb&k ifr}u;D [m a±$ w d * H k t eD ; rS m w&m;xd k i f c J h w ,f ? tavmif ; bk & m; OD ; atmif a Z,s[m &eftaygi;f udak tmifv@kd ‘&efuek ‘f udw k nfcw hJ ,f? uke;f abmifrif;(ac:)om,m0wD rif;[m &efuek rf mS oH;k vwdwd aexdik pf jH ref;awmfrcl w hJ ,f? rif;wke;f bk&if[m a±$wd *Hak pwDawmf}u;D &J@xD;awmfukd vSLwef;cJw h ,fæ” “[kwfuJhygbbæ” “a=omfæacwftqufquf/ jrefrmwd@k .ESv;kH aoG;eJ@ wnfcahJ om ‘jrwfb&k m; a±$w*d ’kH wnf&m &efuek u f pkd eG @f cGmI etzwd@k onf =uufuav; iSuu f av;ajy; ouJo h @kd ‚/ =uyfuav;/ zGwu f av;ajy;ouJo h @kd ‚/ &Spaf v;vH;k 'kw, d t}urd f rvmrDuav;wGif ysO;f rem;od@k a=umufIajy;=u+yw D um;æ”S

oH±Hk;tm;vHk; òr‹opfodk‹ajymif;&ef raocsm acwfòyifr-S etzEdik if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D Xmeu &efuek &f dS oHwref rsm;udk ,ckv(9)&ufae@u ac:,lawG@qH+k y;D 2007 ckEpS f ukew f iG f ysO;f rem;Y oH±;kH t aqmuftOD pwifaqmuf vkyfEdkif&ef oH±Hk;wckpDt wGuf ajr 5 {upD ae&mpD pOfxm;onf[k today; a=umif; +Aw d o d #o±H ;kH rS wm 0ef&o dS l oHwrefwOD;uajymonf? ‚u“avmavmq,f usaemfw@kd bmrS rqH;k jzwf&ao;ygb;l ? taumif;qH;k qH;k jzwfz@kd tcsed , f &l ygvrd rhf ,fæ”[k acwfòyifukd ajym=um;onf? oHwrefrsm;ESihf ukvor*~wm0ef&o dS rl sm;udk 2006 ckEpS /f {+yw D iG f ysO;f rem;Y ajrae&ma±G;cs,&f ef zdwaf c:rnfjzpfa=umif;/ xdu k mvrwdik rf D oH±;kH rsm;. qH;k jzwf csuu f kd awmif;cHrnfjzpfum ajymif;a±G@rnf/ rajymif;a±$@rnfqo kd nfrmS ‚wd@k tay:omrlwnfa=umif; Edik if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D Xme wm0ef&o dS w l OD;u ajymonf[k attufzfyDwGif azmfjyonf? tar&duefo±H ;kH rS oHwrefwOD;url ‚wd@k oH±;kH taejzifh ysO;f rem;od@k ajymif;a±$@ &ef tpDtpOfr&S[ d k ajymonf? ‚u “usaemfw@kd [m tar&duefo±H ;kH taqmuf tODopfukd &efuek rf mS aqmufaeygw,f? usaemfw@kd ysO;f rem;udk a±$@r,ht f pDtpOf r&Syd gb;l ? tufpyf 'D pD u D usaemfw@kd udk bmrS ta=umif;r=um;ygb;l æ”[k ajym=um; onf? tu,fI etzu urf;vSr;f vmv#iv f nf; tar&duefo±H ;kH taejzifh ysO;f rem; wGif ±H;k cJzG iG &hf ef od@k r[kwf taqmuftODwckcak qmufvyk &f ef avmavmq,f rnfonft h pDtpOfr# r&Sad =umif; od&onf? S

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

26

rSww f rf;"gwfyrkH sm;

*syefEikd if &H dS 'kuoQ nfrsm;udk ulnaD qmif±uG af y;v#uf&adS om USHIKUtajcpduk f NGO'sESpf ywfvnfyJG usif;yjyKvkyf *syefEidk if w H iG f 'kuo Q nftjzpfavsmufxm;olrsm;tm; ESpu f mv=um&Snpf mG zrf;qD;xde;f odr;f xm;r_a=umifh vltcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufaeonf[k emrnfq;dk jzifh ausm=f um;aeaom tDbm&mcDv0utusO;f pcef;xJrS zrf;qD;cH Ekid if jH cm;om; 'kuQ onfrsm;ukd ulnaD xmufyrhH t _ rsK;d rsK;d ay;aeonfh tk&u dS t k ajcpku d f ‘v0uxde;f odr;f a&;pcef;twGi;f rS 'kuo Q nfrsm;.ta&;udprP sm;udk avhvmajz&Si;f ay;ae onft h zJ@G ’[k jrefrmvdt k "dym` ,f&onfh NGO'stzG@J . ESpyf wfvnf nDvmcHudk Ekid if w H umvl@tcGit hf a&;ae@jzpfonfh 2005 'DZifbm 10 &uf/ paeae@ ae@vnf 2;00 em&DrS nae 05;00 em&Dtxd TSUKUBA LIBRARY CENTER HALLwGif usi;f yjyKvyk o f mG ;cJyh gonf? tcrf;tem;wGif Edik if w H umrdcif}u;D [k ac:a0:=uonfh TANAKA SANu tzGit hf rSmpum;ajym=um;+y;D / 'kuo Q nfrsm;ukd ulnaD pmifah &Smufaeaom tzG@J 0if Edik if w H umrdcif}u;D [k ac:a0:=uonfh TANAKA SANrS tzGit hf rSmpum;ajym=um;pOf rsm;ESihf *syefwuUov dk rf S ausmif;om;/ausmif;olrsm;u *syefEidk if . H wif;usyaf om Oya'rsm;ESihf 'kuo Q nftjzpfav#mufxm;qJorl sm; =uKaH wG@ae&aom tcuftcJ rsm;ESihf zrf;qD;xde;f odr;f cHae=u&jcif;tay: rdrw d @dk taejzifh 0rf;enf;pGmcHpm;& a=umif;/ wwfEidk o f nfzh ufrS tpGr;f ukeu f n l aD y;oGm;rnfjzpfa=umif; ajymonf? xdkaemuf tDbm&cDtusOf;pcef;wGif zrf;qD;xdef;odrf;cHI jyefvnfvGwf ajrmufvm=uaom 'kuo Q nfrsm;rS xde;f odr;f a&;pcef;twGi;f &ifqikd w f u kd yf 0GJ ifchJ &aom tajctaersm;ESihf *syefv0u. vltcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufrw _ @dk ukd &Si;f vif; ajym=um;oGm;=uygonf? wufa&mufvm=uonfh {nfh y&dwo f wfrsm;tm; Arm tqkt d ujzifh azsmaf jzwifqufomG ;cJ+h y;D / yJaG wmfo@kd (wl&uD/ tD&ef /jrefrm) vlrsK;d rsm;tygt0if pkpak ygi;f 130 ausmw f ufa&mufcyhJ gonf? ausmfEikd (f MTK) TSUKUBAwuUov kd af usmif;olausmifom;rsm;uvnf;tm;ay;pum;ajym=um;=upOf

rHa_ ±$&nftujzifh azsmaf jzwifqufonfh raro}ueF x f eG ;f ESihf aZmfaZmf0if;aX;

v0uxde;f odr;f a&;pcef;twGi;f cHpm;cJ&h r_rsm;ta=umif;udk udAk [de;f wifrS ajymjyaeyHk

tifwmeufay:wGifvnf; zwf±+Edkifyg_yD rd;k aomuf=u,fpm=unhw f u kd rf S OD;pD;xkwaf 0aeaom ‘rd;k aomuf=u,f*sme,f’tygt0if/ awmifu;kd &D;,m;Edik if x H w k f ‘axmifpjk ywif;owif;*sme,f’/ tar&duefEdkifiHxkwf ‘yGio hf pf*sme,f’wdk@udk atmufygvyd pf mwGif zwf±E_ ikd yf ga=umif; http://www.moethaukkye.com

wufa&mufvm=uonfh jrefrmvlrsK;d wcsK› t d m; awG@&pOf

rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

27

Moe Thauk Kye Journal

xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyf&dS aoG;opfausmif; twGuf ysKd;yifpukd yf sKd;vdok rl sm;od‹k ta&;ay:tultnDvt kd yfaeaom xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyfa'o/ aemifbmG ;±GmwGi&f o dS nfh aoG;opf pmoifausmif;av;onf rnfonft h ultnD axmufyrhH @_ udk rnfrnf&& r&daS o;bJ a0;vHaom ae&ma'o tcufcw J iG f wnf&aSd e+y;D ,cktcg jrefrmEdik if rH S xGuaf jy;vmolrsm; ydrk rkd sm;jym;vmojzifh uav;i,frsm;rSm ydI k ydI k wd;k vmaoma=umifh tcuftcJrsm;/ 'kurQ sm; ajz&Si;f &efrmS tultnDukd ta&;ay:vdt k yfaeygonf?

oifah iG 2000 ,ef;onf cav;i,fwOD;. wvpmausmif;pm;&dwjf zpfygojzifh ynm'ge ukov kd ðf yvdyk gu-

xdik ;f Edik if aH &muf jrefrmuav;rsm; tvkyrf &SId 'kuaQ &mufae

090 1826 0664/ 090 4924 2906/ 090 4128 4725/ 090 4028 3476/ 090 3682 9131 'DZiifb f u kd y f sKd;=uolrsm; yifp f mvtwGuf ysKd;yi ,ef; 2˜000 vSLwef;olrsm;udw k w G af ±$/ ud0k if;atmif/ rtdro f aJ t;/ udzk ;kd axmif/ udo k ef;0if;/ zd;k om;/ udw k ;kd =unfaqG/ udak tmifrif;/ udak pmol&ed Ef iS Zhf eD;/ udak X;opf/ udak tmif atmifvi_d šf racsmeENmxGe;f / rvJv h 0hJ if;/ udck ifatmifšrrd;k jzL/ udpk ;kd Edik f ,ef; 3˜000 vSLwef;olrsm;udkausmfvd_ifat;/ udkausmfausmfEdkif/ udkpdk;0if;&Sdef/ r0if;0if;at;/ rcifE, G 0f if;/ udo k ef@aZmfrif;šraro}ueF x f eG ;f / ,ef; 5˜000 vSLwef;oludak usmx f ifatmif/ J-LARDDY ,ef; 6˜000 vSLwef;oludo k ed ;f ZH? ,ef; 10˜000vSLwef;olIto Shotaro San ,cifvaumufc&H &Sad iG49˜000(av;aomif;ud;k axmif,ef;)? pwkwt ˆ }urd af jrmuf pmaya[majymyJrG aS umufc&H &Sad iG72˜500(ckEpS af omif;ESpaf xmifig;&m,ef;)

xdik ;f Edik if o H @kd cd;k 0ifa&muf&adS eaom jrefrm uav;tvkyform;rsm;onf tvkyfr&SdI aep&mrJu h m 'kuaQ &mufe=uonf? jrefrmuav;tvkyo f rm;rsm;onf vkyf ief;ru|rf;usifjcif;/ bmompum;rwwf u|r;f jcif;/ tvky=f urf;rsm;rvkyEf ikd jf cif;paom ta=umif;rsm;a=umihf xdkif;tvkyf&Sifrsm;rS vufrcH=uI 'kuaQ &mufae=uonf? jrefrmEdkifiHY ukefaps;E_ef;jrifhrm;aeaom a=umihf ,ckuo hJ @kd t±G,rf a&mufao;aom touf 7 ESprf S 14 ESpt f =um; uav;rsm; onf xkid ;f Edik if o H @kd cd;k 0ifI tvkyv f yk af e&jcif;jzpfonf? “om;om;rdzawGu qH;k oGm;+y?D jrefrmEdik if rH mS yxrwef;bJ ausmif;ae&ao; w,f? ta':u tvkyv f yk f ydu k q f &H mS r,fq+kd y;D xdik ;f Edik if u H akd c:vmw,f? xdik ;f pum;vnf; rajymwwfb;l ? tdraf zmftvkyrf mS vnf; tvky&f iS u f i,fao;vd@k qd+k y;D vufrcHb;l ? tvky=f urf;awGrmS vnf; olaX;u r,lawmh tvkyrf &Sb d ;l ? aep&mr&Sv d @kd olrsm;tdrrf mS uyfae&w,fæ”[k rGejf ynfe,fwiG ;f rS cd;k 0ifvm aom uav;vkyo f m;atmifatmifu ajymjyonf? jrefrmppftyk pf v k ufatmufwiG f jynfot l rsm; qif;&J'u k aQ &mufae=uI u av;i,frsm; ausmif;rwufEikd =f ubJ 0rf;a&;twGuf yvyfpwpfaumufjcif;/ a&cJ xkwaf &mif;jcif;ESit hf wl blwm±Hrk sm;ESihf ta0;ajy;um;0if;rsm;Y &&mtvkyrf sm;udk vkyu f idk af e=u&onf? e,fpyfòr@rsm;&Sd uav;rsm;onfvnf; eD;pyf&mtdref ;D csi;f pkpak ygi;f 193˜500(q,fu h ;kd aomif;oH;k axmifih g;&m,ef;) Edik if rH sm;od@k cd;k 0iftvkyv f yk af e=uonf? tdref ;D csi;f Edik if rH sm;teuf xdik ;f Edik if o H @kd cd;k 0ifaom uav;vkyo f m;OD;a&rSm t aoG;opfausmif;od@k Ed0k ifbmvtwGuf ay;yd@k vSLwef;aiG rsm;qH;k jzpfaeonf? vl@tcGit hf a&;tzJ@G rsm;. cef@rSe;f csut f & xkid ;f Edik if t H wGi;f 40˜000(av;aomif;,ef;wdw)d (29-11-2005 wGiaf y;yd@k cJyh gonf) jrefrmtvkyo f rm; 2 oef;ausm&f adS e&mwGif jrefrmuav;vkyo f m; tenf;qH;k 5 aomif;cef@&Srd nf[k cef@rSe;f =uonf? xdt k xJwiG f vlu,f&rD sm;. a&mif;pm;cH& 'DZifbmvvufusefaiG jcif;/ uav;jynfw h efqmrsm;tjzpf toH;k jyKcaH e&jcif;rsm;udk ñuaH wG@ae=u&onf? 153˜500(wpfq,fih g;aomif;oH;k axmifig;&m,ef;wdw)d (vGwv f yfaomowif;tzJ@G rS) rd;k aomuf-u,fpm-unfw h u kd u f OD;pD;I ‘tcrJ’h jzef‹csyd gonf/

*syefa&muf pmay0goemygol/ pmzwfcsio f rl sm;twGuf

pm=unfw h u kd zf iG &hf uf? ? pae/ we*FaEG/ wevFmESihf ±H;k ydw&f uf pm=unfw h u kd zf iG chf sed f? ? ae@v,f 12;00 em&DrS n 10;00 xd pm=unfw h u kd zf ek ;f eHygwf? ? 03 3364 5163 rSwfcsuf? ? rvmcif zke;f óuqufyg

etzppftyk pf .k ,kwrf m&ufpufrt_ ay: touf/ aoG;/ ac|;ay;qyfum ,ae‹xufwikd f tzdEydS cf jH ynforl sm;twGuf ±Gyf±Gyfc|Hc|H &ifqdkifwdkufyJG0ifaeonfh cGyfa'gif;&Jabmfrsm;twGuf oifth ultnDvnf; wwyfwtm;vdk tyfaeygonf? jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;rsm; 'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;(ru'w)odk‹ aiGa=u;vSLwef;ay;ydk@vdkyguudx k eG ;f xGe;f (090 4814 1089)/ udak omif;vdi_ (f 080 6549 8442) udn k n D v D iG (f 090 3472 7858)/ udpk ;kd 0if;&Sed (f 090 4128 4725) udak Zmfr;kd (080 6552 7444)/ udak tmifrif;(090 4135 3706) udak rmifoef@(090 6141 3925)xHo@kd qufo, G I f ay;yd@k Edik yf gonf?

In cooperation with the Refugee Assistance Headquarters

Related Documents

Mtk Vol3 No1
December 2019 12
Mtk Vol4 No1
December 2019 28
Mtk Vol6 No1
December 2019 12
Mtk Vol2 No1
December 2019 12
Mtk Vol3 No7
December 2019 26
Mtk Vol3 No11
December 2019 30

More Documents from "ThanHtut"

Mtk Vol3 No7
December 2019 26
Mtk Vol4 No1
December 2019 28
Mtk Vol2 No8
December 2019 29
Mtk Vol3 No11
December 2019 30
Mtk Vol2 No5
December 2019 25