September('05) 6 - Spoken English

I

-Ñ-Ø√-úø’ Murali: Hi! Manoj, what brings you to this

í∫’®Ω’¢√®Ωç 15 -ÂÆ°dç-•®Ω’ 2005

Doesn't he (does he not) appear to be

office again?

above 40?

(£æ…-ß˝’ -´’-ØÓ-ñ ¸, àçöÀ ´’Sx -´-î√a´¤?)

office

èπ◊

c)

Manoj: I've (I have) come for my service cer-

35 à∞¡x éπçõ‰ °ü¿l-¢√∞¡Ÿx Government jobs èπ◊ Å®Ω’|-©’-鬮Ω’ Those above 35 years of age are not

tificate.

qualified for govt. jobs

(Ø√ service certificate éÓÆæç ´î√a.)

Éô’-´çöÀîÓôx ¢√úø-´îª’a.

Murali: How long did you work here?

(†’¢Áyçûªé¬©ç °æE-îË-¨»-N-éπ\úø?) Manoj: I joined here at the

age of 20 and

above

•ü¿’©’

over

èπÿú≈

Those above 35 = Those over 35 3.

left at the age of 23. That means 3 years. To be exact it is a little over three years.

äéπ ´ßª’-Ææ’èπ◊ ûªèπ◊\´ Å®·ûË = below i) È®çúË∞¡xéπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ -´-ߪ ’Ææ ’-†o °œ©x-©èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ Ñ ´’çü¿’ É≤ƒhç We give this medicine only to children

(ØËE-éπ\úø 20´ àô îË®√†’. 23´ àô ¢Á-R}§Ú-ߪ÷†’. Åçõ‰ ´‚úË∞¡Ÿx. correct í¬ Å®·ûË ´‚úË∞¡xèπ◊ éÌClí¬ Â°jØË)

below the age two. ii) Åûª-úÕ

(Sorry, Ñ §Úöà âü¿’, ûÌN’t-üË∞¡x ´ßª’Ææ’qçúÕ, I Class †’ç* V Class îªC¢Ë ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’) îª÷¨»®Ω’ éπü∆! Prepositions of age: a) at the age of/ at a young age/ at an old

´ßª’Ææ’q 20 à∞¡x-éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\¢Ë

age/ at the proper age

He is below 20

b) Jagdeesh: FéÃ

§ÚöÙ §ƒ™Ô_ØË Å®Ω|ûª Öçü∆? (Å®Ω|ûª Öçúøôç = eligible, §ƒ™Ô_-†ôç = participate/ take part, §Úöà = competition/ contest) Suma: 20, 30 à∞¡x ´’üµ¿u ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ÅC. Jagadeesh: Å®·ûË Fèπ◊ Å®Ω|ûª ÖçC éπü∆?

Murali: Murthy has also left us. isn't he (is he not) the same age as you?

He left school at..

(´‚Jh èπÿú≈ Ñ office ´CL ¢ÁRx§Úߪ÷úø’. Åûª†’ èπÿú≈ F ´ßª’ÊÆ éπü∆?) Manoj: No, I am 23 now, and he is above 24. He is atleast a year older than I. What about you?

(é¬ü¿’. Ø√èπ◊ É®Ω-¢Áj-´‚úË∞¡Ÿx. Åûª-úÕéÀ É®Ω-¢Áj -Ø√-©’-Íí∞¡x éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\¢Ë. F Ææçí∫ûË-N’-öÀ?)

iii) Åûª-úÕ

-´-ߪ’Ææ’q 20 à∞¡x-™Ê°

Murali: I am under twenty one. I am slight-

business

Suma:

-v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-*-†-°æ¤púø’

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 47

He was below twenty (years of age)

ly, that is, just a few months over 20.

when he started his business.

(É®Ω-¢Áj-ä-Íé\-∞¡x-éπçõ‰ éÌçîÁç ûªèπ◊\´. 20 à∞¡x éπçõ‰ éÌEo ØÁ©©’ áèπ◊\´) Ééπ\úÕ prepositions îª÷úøçúÕ: at (the age of), above (24), under (20), over (20) -í∫-´’-Eç-î √®Ω’ éπü∆. Ñ prepositions ÅFo-èπÿú≈ ´ßª’-Ææ’qèπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√ú≈ç. 鬕öÀd OöÀE prepositions of Age Åçü∆ç.

iv)

Ééπ\úø below •ü¿’©’ under ¢√úø-´îª’a. (below = under Ééπ\úø) v) 14 à∞¡xéπç-õ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ -´-ߪ’Ææ’ °œ©x-©†’ °æ†’-™ x°-ô’d-éÓ-èπÿ-úøü¿’.

°∂晫-† ´ßª’-Ææ’q-èπ◊/ -°∂æ-™«-† ´ßª’-Ææ-°æ¤púø’/ ÉØÓo-à-ô/É-ØËo-∞¡x-°æ¤púø’ – OöÀ-™ àC îÁ§ƒp-©Ø√o ¢√öÀ ´·ç-ü¿’ at ¢√úøû√ç. a) ¢√úø’ 16 à∞¡xèπ◊ school ´C-L-°-ö«dúø’.

4.

È®çúø’ ´ßª’-Ææ’© ´’üµ¿u =

age

°∂晫--† ´-ߪ’-Ææ’qèπ◊ °j•úÕ (Éô’-´çöÀîÓôx more

between

ANSWERS

Parent: Will you let my daughter participate in the competition

she in?

she got married at 22/ at the age of 22

(´-ߪ’ÂÆçûª? à

class

ņ-´îª’a). c) below/ under

äéπ ´ßª’-Ææ’èπ◊ ™•úÕ. é¬ü¿’) d) between = È®çúø’ ´ßª’-Ææ’q-© ´’üµ¿u. (Less than/ lower than

(§ÚöÙ ´÷ Å´÷t®·E §ƒ-™Ô_†E-≤ƒh®√?)

Ç¢Á’èπ◊ 22´ àô °-∞¡}-®·çC.

NOW PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING: a) Pavan: †’´¤y

™ ÖçC?)

at a young age/ at an old age/ at the proper age 2. äéπ

´ßª’-Ææ’èπ◊ °j•úÕ Öçõ‰ = above a) 60 à∞¡x °j•-úÕ-†- -¢√--∞¡Ÿx senior citizens people above 60 years of age are senior citizens.

class.

(°æüË-∞¡x-éπØ√o áèπ◊\´. -Ç®Ó -ûª®Ωí∫-A îª-ü¿’-´¤-ûÓç-C) (above ten/ over ten/ ten plus) Teacher: I'm sorry. This competition is nine years of age, that is, for pupils of I class to V class.

-™‰-ü¿÷?

-v°æ-¨¡o: 1) I' asked him not to Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?Sentence *´®Ω not to à Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ ¢√úøû√®Ω’? 2) What the postman must do is provide the address-

Åç-õ‰ Å®Ωn-¢Ë’N’-öÀ? do ûª®Ω’-¢√ûª is à Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ ´Ææ’hçC? – -G.®√-ñ‰ç-ü¿®˝, -N’®√u-©í∫÷-úø, -†-™Ô_ç-úø ->-™«x -ï-¢√-•’: 1) 'I asked him not to' Åçõ‰ á´-È®jØ√ àüÁjØ√ îË≤ƒh-´’E Åçõ‰, ´ü¿’l ÅE Å®Ωnç. A: He said he would complain to the police. B: I asked him/ told him not to. (Åçõ‰ Police complaint É´y-´-ü¿lE îÁ§ƒp†’, ÅE) 2) What the postman must do is Åçõ‰ Postman àç îËߪ÷-©çõ‰ ÅE Å®Ωnç. What the Postman must do is provide the address = Postman îËߪ÷-Lqç-üËç-ôçõ‰ address É´y-úøç. ÉD D†®Ωnç. Ñ éÀçC Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ do is ´Ææ’hçC. What you must do (now) is, study well and get good marks †’Ny-°æ¤p-úø’ îËߪ÷-Lqç-ü¿™«x ¶«í¬ îªCN marks ûÁa-éÓ-´-úøç.

-v°æ-¨¡o:

Ravikanth: To my uncle. Pavan: Your uncle? He appears to be below 25 years. Is he older than you by two or three years only?

´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤

Ravikanth: Don't be silly. I am 20 years

´÷´’-ߪ’uûÓ Pavan: O’ ´÷´’ߪ÷u? 25 à∞¡x-™ °æ¤ -¢√-úÕ-™« éπ-E°œÆæ’h-Ø√o-úø’. Féπçõ‰ È®çúø’ ´‚úË∞ÏxØ√ °ü¿l? Ravikanth: °œ*a-°œ-*aí¬ ´÷ö«x-úøèπ◊. Ø√Íé¢Á÷ É®Ω¢Áj. Çߪ’†èπ◊ 35 -éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\¢Ë. Pavan: Åçûª-´-ߪ’-Ææ’-†oô’x éπ†-°æ-úøúË. Ravikanth: *†o-´-ߪ’-Ææ’-™ ØË Çߪ’† foreign ¢Á∞«xúø’. Last week AJ-íÌ-î√aúø’.

Pavan: He doesn't (does not) look his

á´-JûÓ

Old. He is above 35.

Ravikanth: ´÷

for children between five and

40 à∞¡x-éπçõ‰ °ü¿l-¢√-úø’í¬ éπ-E°œç-îª-úøç

a) Pavan: Who were you talking to?

(Éçü∆éπ)

Parent: She is ten plus. she is in VI

°ü¿l/- Ææ-È®j† ´ßª’Ææ’™

M. SURESAN

than so many years

Teacher: How old is she? which class is

at 16 years of age.

b) Åûª-úø’

b) above/ over a certain

boys or girls under 14

He left school at 16/ at the age of 16/

c) *†o/

°∂晫† ´ßª’-Ææ’q-™/ èπ◊, *†o/ -°-ü¿l/ -Ææ-È®j† ´ßª’-Ææ’™.

Nobody shall appoint for any work

1. at (the age of)

b)

15 à∞¡x™°æ¤ °œ©x-©èπ◊ é¬D ÆœE´÷ This movie is not for those below 15

Ø√èπ◊ 30 à∞¡Ÿx ü∆öÀç-ü¿E îÁ°œpç-î√-©E ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®√? Jagadeesh: Sorry, F´¤ 30 à∞¡x-™ Ê° ņ’èπ◊Ø√o. c) Naresh: Hi, Ajitha, Åçü¿®Ω÷ èπ◊™«-≤ƒØ√? Ajitha: ¢√®Ωç éÀçü¿ ´÷ û√ûª-í¬®Ω’ §Úߪ÷®Ω’. Naresh: ÅßÁ÷u! Çߪ’† ´ßª’-ÂÆqçûª? Ajitha: °ü¿l-´-ߪ’-Ææ’-™ ØË îªE-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’. Å®·ûË Çߪ’† ™‰E ™ô’ ™õ‰. Çߪ’-†èπ◊ 78 à∞¡Ÿx. ؈’ °æ¤öÀd-†-°æp-öÀÍé Çߪ’-†èπ◊ 55 à∞¡x°jØË. ´÷ Å´’t-´’tèπ◊ 50 ™°æ¤. Naresh: Åçûª ´ßª’-Ææ’-™ †÷ Çߪ’† î√™« èπ◊™«-≤ƒ-í¬ØË ÖØ√oúø’ éπü∆!

age Ravikanth: He went abroad at a very young age. He returned only last week. b) Jagadeesh: Are you eligible to participate in the competition? Suma: It is only for those between 20 and 30 (years of age) Jagadeesh: Then you are eligible

I Know her (A.V.) She is Known by me (P.V.) She is known to me (P.V.) A.V. P.V.

Suma: Do you want to make me say that I am above 30

or

°j ¢√éπu-ç-™ E ™éÀ -´÷-JÊÆh à ¢√éπuç áçü¿’-èπ◊?-N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. ÅüË Nüµ¿çí¬ –

Jagadeesh: Sorry, I thought you were Correct?

The Water fills the tank (A.V.) The tank is filled by the water (P.V.) (or) The tank is filled with the water (P.V.) P.V. Correct?

™ à ¢√éπuç

-– ü¿-´·t -¢Áçéπ-ô -Å-§ƒp®√-´¤, -´·-†í∫-§ƒéπ, -N-¨»-ê°æ-ôoç ->-™«x -ï-¢√-•’: Passive ™, know -N-≠æ-ߪ’ç-™-†÷, fill -N-≠æ-ߪ’ç-™-†÷ by ®√-ü¿’. is known to, is filled with ÅE ´Ææ’hçC. 'fill' N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ á´®Ω’ fill î˨»®Ω’ ÅE îÁ°æp-ú≈-EéÀ by ´Ææ’hçC. The tank is filled with water by Ram.

under thirty. c) Naresh: Hi Ajitha, how is every body? Ajitha: My grandfather died a week ago (Week back

é¬ü¿’)

Naresh: Sorry to hear that. What was his age? / How old was he? Ajitha: He died at an old age. We do miss him, of course. He was 78. When I was born he was above/ over 55. Grand mother was below/ under 50. Naresh: Even at such an age he was healthy.