Sept ('06)-13 - Spoken English

-¨¡Ÿ-véπ-¢√®Ωç 29 ÂÆ°dç-•®Ω’ 2006

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

Prabha: Hi Subha, how goes the world with you?

'Enough'

2

Åçõ‰ ûÁ©’Ææ’ éπü∆. î√©’/ î√L-†çûª ÅE.

1) I have enough money to buy a car =

(ᙫ ÖØ√o´¤?) Subha: Well, I can't complain. How is it with you?

2) She hasn't (doesn't have) enough money to buy a house =

(

¶«üµ¿™‰ç ™‰´¤. -†’-¢Áy™« ÖØ√o´¤?) (Ñ response English ™ ¢√úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’. O’®Ω÷ practice îËߪ’çúÕ) Prabha: How did you spend the week in your cousin's place in Hyderabad?

(£j«ü¿-®√-¶«ü˛™ O’ éπ->-Ø˛ Éçöx ᙫ í∫úÕ-§ƒ´¤?) Subha:

Ø√-ü¿í∫_®Ω 鬮Ω’ éÌØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√L†çûª úø•’sçC.

Happily enough to remember the days there for a long time.

É©’x éÌØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√L†çûª úø•’s Ç¢Á’ ü¿í∫_®Ω ™‰ü¿’. 3) Preethi: How about some more biriyani?

(Éçé¬Ææh G®√u-F ¢ËÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«¢√?) Pratima: Enough. No more, please.

(î√©’. °‘x-ñ ¸ Éçéπ ´ü¿’l.

Preethi: Is so little enough for you?

Subha: My cousin. Namrata is jovial enough to make your time pass very quickly.

4) Surendra: When shall we go to the next movie?

(ûªü¿’-°æJ ÆœE´÷ á°æ¤púø’ îª÷ü∆lç) Narendra: Enough is enough. No more of

Prabha: Yea. She was here last summer, wasn't she? I remember her jokes well enough to make me laugh whenever I remember them.

Subha: I asked her over here for the Dasara holidays, but she has enough assignments to keep her home.

Prabha: We shall be missing here a lot.

(´’†ç ûª††’ î√™« N’Æˇ Å´¤-û√ç- ) Subha: She is a good laugh. She is entertaining enough to make us like her company. Prabha: Well, by the way, I have a bad cold. I don't know how to get rid of it.

(ÅC ÆæÍ®-é¬F, Ø√èπ◊ ¶«í¬ ï©’•’ îËÆœçC. ÅC ᙫ ´ü¿’-©’a-éÓ-¢√™ ûÁL-ߪ’ôç-™‰ü¿’) get rid of = üˆo-®·Ø√ (îÁúø’†’) ´ü¿’-©’a-éÓ-´ôç Subha: A cold is not serious enough to cause worry in hot countries, but it is nuisance enough to make us feel out of sorts with yourself.

(-Ö-≠ægü˨»™x ï©’•’ -ÅØËC °ü¿l Çü¿’®√l éπ©-í∫-ñ‰-ÊÆçûª ï•’sé¬ü¿’. é¬E *é¬èπ◊ éπLTçîËçûª Ææ´’-≤ƒu-ûªtéπç) (Feel out of sorts = *é¬èπ◊ §Òçü¿ôç) Prabha: Why didn't you take some medicine?

(´’ç-ü¿’-©’ -áç-ü¿’èπ◊ -¢ËÆæ’éÓ-™‰-ü¿’?) Subha: I did, of course, but the relief has been temporary.

(BÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’ é¬F û√û√\-Léπ Ö°æ-¨¡-´’†¢Ë’) Prabha: Doctors say you are cured of cold in seven days if you take medicines, and in one week if you don't take medicines.

☯

☯

☯

Spoken English

☯

á°æ¤púø’ í∫’®Ìh-*aØ√ †¢Ëyçûª ¶«í¬ Ç¢Á’ -ñ é˙q Ø√èπ◊ í∫’®Ω’h/ ؈’ í∫’®Ω’hç--èπ◊ç-ö«†’. I remember her jokes very well; they make 4) She has enough assignments/ assignments enough to keep her home -

220

these movies.

(ÉçéÌü¿’l ¶«•÷. Ñ ÆœE-´÷©’ Ééπ ´ü¿’l) 5) He has enough and to spare

Åûª-úÕéÀ î√L†çûË é¬èπ◊çú≈, Éûª-®Ω’© éÀ´y-í∫-L-T†çûª -Öç-C. îª÷¨»®Ω’ éπü∆. enough Å®Ωnç, Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫-ç. Look at the following too: 1) You are clever enough to understand easi-

ûª††’ áéπ\-úÕéà éπü¿-©-èπ◊çú≈ (ÉçöxØË ÖçúË-ô’xí¬) îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√L†çûª -ÅÂÆj-Ø˛-¢Á’ç-ö¸q ÖØ√o®·.

She has a good number of assignments. They keep her home. 5) A cold is not serious enough to cause worry in hot countries -

Ö≠ægü˨»™x ï©’•’ Çü¿’®√l éπL-TçîËçûª Bv´--¢Á’içC é¬ü¿’. A cold is not very serious in hot Countries; it does not cause worry. 6) It is nuisance enough to make us feel out of sorts =

ly =

(†’´¤y Ææ’-©’-´¤í¬ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÌ-ØËç-ûª ûÁL-¢Áj-†-¢√úÕN.) = You are clever; you understand easily.

*é¬èπ◊ éπL-TçîËçûª Ææ´’-≤ƒu-ûªtéπç. = It is a big nuisance; it makes us feel out of sorts.

Æ‘-Lçí˚ -§∂ƒu-Ø˛-†’ û√éπ-í∫-L-T-†ç-ûª §Òúø-´-ûª-úø’ =

ÉN enough Å®Ωnç, Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç. éÀçü¿öÀ lessons ™ too Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç îª÷¨»ç. too + adjective/ adverb + infinitive ´ÊÆh (´’K, ÅA ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ) ´uA-Í®-é¬-®√n-Eo-Ææ’hçC. Enough + infinitive ´ÊÆh positive Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC (Å´¤†’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ)

He is tall. He can touch the ceiling fan.

Compare:

= †’´¤y ûÁL-¢Áj-†-¢√-úÕN. †’´¤y Ææ’©¶µºçí¬ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«´¤. (†’´¤y Ææ’©¶µºçí¬ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÌ-ØËçûª ûÁL-¢Áj-†-¢√-úÕN.) 2) He is tall enough to touch the ceiling fan=

a) He is too weak to walk - He is very weak,

-Å-ûª-úø’ -§Ò-úø-´¤. -Å-ûª-úø’ Æ‘-Lçí˚-§∂ƒu-Ø˛-†’ -Åç-ü¿’éÓí∫©-úø’.

Ç¢Á’ î√™« Bv´çí¬ ï•’sûÓ ÖçC. -ú≈éπd®˝ Å´Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’. -(ú≈éπd®˝´*aØ√ v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç ™‰ü¿’) b) She is ill enough to need a doctor -

ï•’s ¶«í¬ Bv´çí¬ ÖçC. -ú≈éπd®˝†’ ¢ÁçôØË °œ©-¢√L. (v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç Öçô’çC) ÅD too èπÿ, enough èπÿ ûËú≈, È®çúÕçöÀ ûª®√yû√ infinitive ´*a-†-°æ¤púø’. Å®·ûË ´÷ô© èπÿ®Ω’p îª÷úøçúÕ enough ¢√úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’. a) He is wise enough to understand such things =

Å™«çöÀ N≠æ-ߪ÷©’ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-í∫-L-T†çûª ûÁL-Ní∫©¢√úø-ûª†’. ´÷ô© èπÿ®Ω’p (Word Order) îª÷ü∆lç Wise

(Adj)

+

enough + infinitive

(ÅüË

too

¢√úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’

too

+

adjective/

adverb

+

infinitive

´Ææ’hçC éπü∆?) M. SURESAN ÉD í∫´’-Eç-î √-Lq† N≠æߪ’ç. ÅüË adjective •ü¿’©’ noun Å®·ûË, enough + noun + infinitive ´Ææ’hçC. a) There is enough water in the tank to last for the whole day =

(Ñ ®ÓVèπ◊ ÆæJ-°æúË F∞¡Ÿx-Ø√o®· -ö«uçé˙™.) b) I have enough friends to help me = (

Ø√èπ◊ ≤ƒßª’ç îËߪ’-ö«-EéÀ î√L-†ç-ûª-´’ç-C ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’-©’-Ø√o®Ω’.)

so he cannot walk =

3) The class room is large enough to seat 45 students -

45 -´’ç-C -N-ü∆u®Ω’n-©’ èπÿ®Óa-í∫© ´ÆæA Ö†oçûª °ü¿l é¬xÆˇ ®Ω÷ç ÅC. 4) He is ill enough to need a doctor =

-ú≈éπd®˝ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç 鬢√-Lq†çûª ï•’sí¬ ÖØ√o-úøûª†’. Now look at the following sentences from the conversation at the beginning of the lesson. 1) (I spent) happily enough to remember the

(´’çü¿’©ûÓ 7 ®ÓV™x, ´’çü¿’-™‰x-èπ◊çú≈ ¢√®√-Eéà 禍•’ †ßª’-´’-´¤-ûª’ç-ü¿ç-ö«®Ω’ ú≈éπd®Ω’x)

2) a) She is too ill to need a doctor =

Enough is enough

(éÀç-ü¿-öÀ ¢ËÆæ-N™ Ééπ\-úø’çC éπü∆. á°æ¤púø’ í∫’®Ìh-*aØ√ -†-¢Áy-ô÷d -îË-ߪ’í∫-© Ç¢Á’ -ñ é˙q Ø√èπ◊ í∫’-®Ω’h-Ø√o®·)

(ü¿Ææ®√ ÂÆ©´¤©èπ◊ Ééπ\-úÕéÀ ®Ω´’tØ√o. é¬F É©’x éπü¿-©-F-ߪ’†çûª -ÅÂÆj-Ø˛-¢Á’ç-ö¸q ÖØ√o®· ûª†èπ◊)

me laugh whenever I remember them =

me laugh whenever I remembered them.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

ûªy®Ωí¬ †úÕ-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√L-†çûª •©çí∫©-¢√úø’.

3) I remember her jokes well enough to make

(ÅC î√L†çûª éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´)

(-õ„i-¢˛’ î√™«ûªy®Ωí¬ í∫úÕ-*-§Ú-ßË’ç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√L†çûª/ ûªT†çûª £æ…Ææuç éπ©C ´÷ éπ->-Ø˛ †v´’ûª)

b) He is strong enough to walk fast =

make your time pass quickly.

Pratima: That's more than enough.

(àN’-ôçûª Ææ®Ωü∆ éπ-L-Tç-îË N≠æߪ’ç Åéπ\úø?)

-õ„i-¢˛’ -î√-™« ûªy®Ωí¬ í∫úÕ-*-§Ú-ßË’-ôô’x îËߪ’-í∫©çûª ’-û√\J †v´’ûª. Namrata is quite/ very jovial; she can

(Éçûª ûªèπ◊\´ î√™« Fèπ◊?)

(áçûÓ-鬩ç í∫’®Ω’hç-úËçûª ÆæçûÓ≠æçí¬) Prabha: What was so enjoyable about it?

pass quickly -

¶«í¬ •©-£‘«†çí¬ ÖØ√oúø’, †úø-´-™‰úø’.

)

days for a long time -

î√™«-鬩ç í∫’®Ω’hçúËçûª ÆæçûÓ≠æçí¬ í∫úÕ-§ƒ-†-éπ\úø.

do you have?

EXERCISE Preetham:

F ü¿í∫_-È®çûª úø•’sçC? Priya: àç? áçü¿’èπ◊? Preetham: Ø√éÓ È®çúÌç-ü¿-L-îËaçûª Öçü∆? Priya: Åçûª-™‰ü¿’. Ø√é¬\-¢√Lq† È®çúø’ °æ¤Ææh鬩’ éÌØËçûª úø•’sçC. Preetham: Ø√èπÿ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ éÌØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ®Ω÷.200 ûªèπ◊\-¢ÁjçC. ´÷ Ø√†o °æç°œçîË´®Ωèπ◊ ¢Ë* ÖçúË -õ„i-¢˛’ ™‰ü¿’. Priya: ≤ƒ-K. Answer Preetham: How much money have you?/

Priya:

Why? What do you want?

Preetham: Have you enough money to give/ spare/ lend me Rs.200? Priya:

Not so much. I have enough money to buy the two books I need.

Preetham: I am short of Rs.200/- to buy the books I need. I don't have the time enough to wait till my dad sends me money. Priya:

I'm sorry.

2) Namrata is jovial enough to make your time

-§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm