وآ ُ د اد ا و ا %ن #و"رق اي ا*ع ت '& ي -آ ',ر&
اُ-. ً D# B C Aإذا أ&E# إن آ أ 011ا <9 :; 0د 8ا67ب 'ً ; =>?8 8' 34 * 0ا< ;Gر 'ع "ق ا 'ع اار .B 1هEا ا I8أن L8م ُ,دات و'Mا; ا * 1 0ق و&' Nي *=O 0 ذات :وهف ،و I8أن L8م أد ا ا R6Sا G M 0ر8* B1ن ) :(2003ا?>= وا :وا. 1Gام ً و >= ،آ I8أن 08رات و'ت ا67ب وZ,[8ه ; :ارا 1وI; B 3,.8ء ا ا آ أ. <O 6ر a ،C8ا. 1ام Bا أ ً]8أن >'ن ادة ا _ Lو'#9ذة ' Bاد أ ` Dأً D ا * 0و 34أMب >'ن . 1Gات ا * 0وا aMا[ ة و& 'Mا; ا[' واف * 0أ&?. 8 > ُ 7م ا67ب آ= ارات ا' 8دا &' ًL<" .وآوآ ،(1992) Cا' , 4ا . 1 E,ُ 0ام ا "'* أداة =LأS ا " )ص.(43 . اف ا E Cا ا I8أن '>8ن ? < aدل ا*>ر واراء وا'ت ; N8" Bا>6م أو ا> و 8ذh ' N.ا* *' 3Mص ا67ب .و; :ا67ب ذ hأن '[8ا ا. 1ام ه iEا,ص ; وإر_ده و اآ ب ا.
ا- * 0ام ُ 2003آ 3jآ< ه iEا > B8#k a Lا => E#98أ I 1ا ر C8ا[ S8وو.1 * 0ا<ا 8آن ; أن & ُ ً77.ارا =?8 01ا';'lت ا 1 0ا' %ا و .8L Iو Bأ=O ;= هEا ا'7. ُM m7ُ.ات ا :
-1درا 1ه ا ا و` ا ا 0* .ا*ع ت واه ا ر B 8أ =Oا ف ;" :ق 8Lه iEات و;= ن ُ;'l' =,ت اُ 0* Lه iEاه وآ 8L ,وأي Zات رزة *loإ: ن ُ 34' =,ا . & 0م ا 9دE Z% =S 8آة 7L ,1ر أو " Iو. 7 0*
_ :; 0 , m7. =; hول ذي '7#ط أ* Lورأ'>8 1ن #ر" " 0<> N8ا:; ، أن >'ن ا'7.ط اأ I ًL<" 1ا :0 -1ا';'lت ا و 8L I -2ا';'lت ا ;,ا'#9ذة -3ا' 34ا ' 8ا 1 0ا. 1ام ا 9د 8 'M -4ا; ا ا [ 1 0ث ا. 1ام ا E ,و . ُ 8' 34و* 08أ %ا B a"LهEا اُ:m7. ا ع ا ا'ا8ت ا? .
ا ع ا ا'ا8ت ا ُ 0رس *> 0ن ُN
م/و ا ا < ;0_ = ], Bء ;#k :
ا ا & Iا =,ا]رع
Zا =,ارا 01ا'ا %إ C# :و%ات ،وآ= و%ة >'ن # Bدروس و 0ـ " :8ا".1 و'> 8ن آ= درس &'> Bت ر وأ#ى إ . *lو* 0اZء ا 'L1 0م 8Lآ= Bه iEاZOاء aإ;7ء Sل B mأ %اروس.
ا ه' و 3M' 3Dار8 B 1ف إ :ا. 1ام ا اُ> < *' 0ا 3MأMب >'ن . 1Gام ا * 0ا[ ة ا'ا*
1
>'&ت ارس ا:G ً أو ارسL -1 اارس3>ُ8 G w % mL* ا*>ر0L vُ 1ام رات ا. 1 اa اد1G'ع ارس واl' ل6 1ا 8'ع اl' ب67ب اه م اEO :ل إ6 1Gف ا8 و، >= ا > أو اS & ج اo رات8ام أ. 1 .'عl'ا اE Lرة * اS 1 ً وا;اده ذه a. As a class, locate these cities on the map of Egypt: هةL ا/ 8>ر1oا ّ? _َم ا/ Mاد
/ 'ان1أ
/ Mا
/ C8'ا
/ 1'ر
b. As a class, using a different color, find the following sites on the map of Egypt: The High Dam / The Pyramids The Valley of Queens
/ The Valley of Kings
/ The Sphinx
/
/ Abu Simbel Temple / The Egyptian Museum
ق 'ي1 0* ة8دات ا, ا8L -2 B . I7'م اL8 w % ، D 'اد ; أB 'ذ#9 ق > 'ب و'ع1 0* ة8 ا>ت اB ;د [د8L 8'ام ارات ا. 1 * ا8 ة8; 8' B8 رh ذa< 8 و،m [ام ا ق وا]'ن ا. 1 ة8 ا>ت ا: > رة ا:;Z وا آ3 ا0* > رة اع وا:; Z ا آa ،=* اءة ً ونMع وآ و1 > وB : % وB8<<ً = ا ر1 B 1ء اار7;G 2اث%A 3D' <أB8آ هُ أن آ= ا رE 8O و.0 < اIO ا'ا0* . M ا[ ة ا'ا0* . ُ ا ا:ب إM= أ, ا0* . >'ن ا ا After a short stay in Sharm El Sheikh, you fly to Cairo. At the hotel, you ask a desk clerk for a brochure of famous attractions. a. Read the brochure and with the help of the context clues and pictures guess the meanings of the underlined words. Write the Arabic words and their English equivalents in the table. B al = "'ل آ¤<8 و،¥,. = :; ام0 .a< ا اI; < ام اآ< أول8 نL ا0* '*' *ر` ; * § ام# h ¦ ا9 3:; S; L و. ا230 0'ا% ;M ع6lأ .a1 ا
2
!"# ا$ % هم
N" ورونZ ا ارسE ه0*د ا و6< ا0* % 1 ' ا ا01 دار¥ 'مL8 w % ة%' ا0* اث% ا3D' >ل1ا ارس اE ه0* اث% ا3Dو . % 1
ًا73.5 0'ا% '" ¤<8 و،[ اB ةZ اL7 ا'ل0ل أS ¦ َ [ ِ &ُ . _>= إ&ن:; 1 ورأ،1 _>= أ:; ا'ل0 أO و،ً ا20 ;,وار
& 1Gا اE ُ َْف.دي6 ا0&ّSن اL ا0* ¦ ُ M و8 راءE آ ا0 هLا> ا B َOْ<ُ َ *'ق اL¬َ ُ &9 و<ْو آ،ً ا30 ;, ار0& ا اوB B O _ ّت *'ق ُ .B 8Lا
بL ; ر'ة:; _ُ تM و،هةL ا8 B 8Lء اZ ا0* 0'8 اB8ح ا6D M aL ،<بL :7 M :B M : إL8 يE ا:; [ aO L= ا# داO'8 و، 7L<= اO B :; &S; ®ذنaِ و. # ا;ة اm [ و،م# اBِ i َ>ْ?'ف &*'رةMو .وط. =>_
*) ل أ' ا ل
+# ا,-.ا
،01ح ا34 #
5 6 7 8و 9 '
Activity You spend one day in Cairo before taking the train to Aswan in Upper Egypt4. There are many attractions that each of you is interested in seeing, so you break into three groups to go to different places. You plan to meet back up at the train station waiting room at 7:00 pm. Group 1 is interested in seeing the Pyramids. Group 2 is interested in visiting the Citadel Saladin. Group 3 is interested in going to the Egyptian Museum. a. Each group reads a brochure of their chosen site and jots down the answers to these questions in Arabic: Where is the attraction located? When was it built? Who built it? Why was it built? What is unique or special about the attraction? Group 1
ها تIا
8[ اءa7 8 .ن³ ا: % 'دةO' الZ G 0 ا8L ا اI; B = > ا%' وه' اa< ا& اI; < ام اآ< أول8 2582 ;مB ; B8?; وR6R 0'ا% >% يE'*' ا# h> ا% ل6# 0ُ &ون أL 8 اءB> و، < ¦ ء ام اآM'
0* ; * § اهاتB> و،;ا, <'رL ا ¦ اهات آh ذ0* .; B8?; 0'ا% i ق ؤ1 اM و،د6 <= اM 2551 : % .`ع *رLع و,# و،'*'# R6Sت 'ا ¦ ا'ك اOدي و6 اa1 ن اLا Group II 01ح ا34 #
0 ا1 اaM' ذات0 وه،هةL ا:; =78 يE ا7L<= اO ل6 ى% إ:; ¦ M أM و،8Lهة اL ء ا% أ% أ0* aL B8ح ا6D M ع6L ا.* أB 0'8 اB8ح ا6D M < و.ط7, ا8هة وL ا8 B = آ0# :; 7 & إw % ،: اوO ارB 0;*ود ،aM' اh ذ0* م1176/ هـ572 ;م0* L *> <ء اB أولB8ح ا6D Dن ا7 وآن ا،:71' ا'ر ا0* _ ت0 ا[ ا .&> L ا'ة وء اh :; L ¦& آ0 اL واO م اi'ادM أMو Group III يL ا6Mا
رR³ اa I1 8 يE وا0> 16> "از ارة ا:; ،'& = دور1 ر0&,_اف اس اr 1897 ;م0[ اي ا3[ ا0 8 0* ¦,? اآ0 ا8L ا8ر اR³ اa 3[ <ء0&S ا0% 'ي ;<س8. أ اL و،8[ ان ا0* 3[ اaL8 و.8Lا .3[ زن ا. 0* 'دةO' ا8R اa7L اB فG³ ·ت ا:* إlo l و8R أ7M 3 أ150 0'ا% 3[ ] ا8 و.Mا . b. Your group is escorted by a tour guide. Listen to a description given by the tour guide about your attraction and add three or four new pieces of information to the notes above in Step a. Take notes in Arabic or English. c. You meet up at the station as planned, and wait for the train to Aswan. Get together with one member from each group and tell each other about the sites you visited earlier in the day, including a description of what you saw and any other interesting information you learned.
ق 'ي1 0* 'ا; ارسM 8L -3 h ذa< 8 R .'ع ارسl' C,& 0* D 'اد ; أB 'ذ#9 0;1 و0 آ-& ق1 0* 'ا; ارسM 8L :; رة اع و:; Z ا آa ،اءةMع وآ و1 > وB 8'ام ارات ا. 1 * ا8 ة8; 8' B8ر 8ب رؤ67 § اL 1 اL87 ;'اLم اLُ و. <دل ا'ت0* ام ا. 1 ا:ب إ67 ديº 3M 'اN# 4
Ancient Egypt was divided into two kingdoms, known as Upper and Lower Egypt. Upper Egypt is the southern part and Lower Egypt is the northern part. The terminology derives from the flow of the Nile from the highlands of East Africa (upstream) to the Mediterranean Sea (downstream).
B &رL L I7'م اL8 R .8'[& ;ةM :ه إ8'7 R ا&طiE هa<ُ َ َ و، ا> 'ب وا'ع- ا0* ُ[دm& .§8D =>? ًL%G 8L 8 0 ا8';ة اL وا1 ا0 ;ة اLا % 3M 'ا0* ام ا. 1 ا-4 رةM I7 % >? =% 0* ام ا. 1 'ي > 'ب ف ا3M' 0* ة8'ا; ارس اM آت و8L D* *'8 ارس آ0* 8L 0 'ا; اLام ا>ت وا. 1 ا0* ت8 3M'ا اE'*ه8 . 8' :; B8 ا0* 'ة7# = أداء آ3M' 8 . =* اءة ً دونM ع وآ و1 > واB 8'ام آ= ارات ا. 1G ';ت وإ;دة ?> = ا';ت:ب إ67 اL :; 3M' ا3D و-8 و. L87 L'ة ا7.أداء ا . وا*>رواراء0&? اMب <دل ا'ت و67 § L87 Scenario You are with a group of linguists stationed in Kuwait. Because you have a long leave, you decide to tour the Arab world. In this phase of the tour, you are visiting Egypt before you fly to Morocco. To make a better use of your time, you decide to do some research about Egypt’s main attractions, hotels, services, etc. and to book a program through a travel agency. When you go online, you find a webpage printout. 1. Divide the class into two groups: a. Group A: Scan the printout for information about visa, currency and exchange rate, credit cards used, and banks and Government offices business hours. Take notes (in Arabic or in English) on the lines below. Group B: Scan the printout for information about the weather, appropriate clothing, means of transportation, shopping, and other useful tips. Take notes (in Arabic or in English) on the lines below. b. In pairs, meet with a member from the other group and exchange the information you wrote in the previous step. On the lines below, write at least five new pieces of information you learned from your partner. c. After reading the previous travel tips, the whole class consolidates the ten most important tips to remember when visiting Egypt and posts them on a bulletin board to inform other military linguists traveling to Egypt. 2. Some of you want to spend their vacation in Cairo and Hurghada. The rest of you want to spend their vacation in Cairo and Sinai. As individuals, you decide not to spend more than $ 800 each. a. Scan the travel agency website for different travel programs that fit your plans. Highlight the elements of the selected program that fit your plans to discuss with your group. These elements should include: Price of the tour Cities included in the tour Number of days spent in each city Hotels and accommodation Sites, activities, and attractions Other information you think is useful b. You decide to do further search for a better deal. Call the number mentioned in the online programs. Listen to the recorded programs and take notes (You might use the previous categories mentioned in Step a) c. Within your group, compare the different programs and decide on one. d. Get together with a member form the other group and inform him/her about the vacation program that your group decided on.
3. On your first day of the tour, the guide hands you a brochure showing some additional places to visit and activities to do for extra fees. You have a range of $50-60 to spend. SN: Remember that some of the activities/places are already included in your package. a. Each group scans the brochure for available visits/activities. b. Each group reads the description of the visit/activity and decides on places or activities to add to the existing program. Fill in the program order attached to the brochure. 4. As both groups are visiting some of the same places in Cairo, you request one tour guide to leadt your trip in Cairo. a. At the pyramids, both groups listen to a segment of the guide’s description and take notes on the attractions you are visiting, the descriptions of each, and any interesting information. b. After visiting different places in Cairo, you split into two groups to visit Hurghada and Sinai. -
In Hurghada, (group A) listen to your tour guide give instructions about tomorrow’s program. Take notes on the sequence of events. 5. At the end of the first week of your vacation, both groups meet at the airport before flying to Morocco. You remember Mr. Mahmoud, your former Egyptian teacher at the Defense Language Institute. Each of you picks a card from the duty free shop and writes to Mr. Mahmoud about his/her seven day trip in Egypt. a. In Arabic, write to your former Egyptian teacher about your seven day trip in Egypt including the places you visited, what you saw, what you liked most, and other interesting information. b. Pair up with a member from the other group and tell each other what you have done so far during your tour in Egypt. Talk about the places you visited, with some description of the place, activities you did, the cost, what you liked the most, and other interesting information.
'سL ا-5 .ة% آ= و8& 0* ً8 أI #k 'سM; و,ط ارس اL ً L<" < ارس0* . 'س >ت اM
*lo >'&ت ارس ا:ً &R h 'ا; أداءM ام. 1 أو ا8' 34'اء آ&¦ داء و1 اث وأهاف ارس% ا3D و-1 =S ,"; أوB ُ 'م, ب1= اS أو إدراآ7 0* 'ن ه.34'ا .LS&ز أو اآ ب اor B _'ر ا Chapter Setting You and the group of linguists continue touring the Middle East. In this phase of the trip, you visit Egypt where you see the sights in Cairo, book train tickets, visit Aswan, take a Nile cruise to Luxor, and then return to Cairo where you mail gifts to your family and friends. Later in the chapter, you will use the language you learn in realistic scenarios.
Objectives
1. By actively taking part in the chapter activities. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following language tasks: • Gather information about historical sites……….. 2. The following structures will help you perform these functions: • Present verbs in the accusative ……………
'ع ارسl' L ُ *LR ةE<ُ& -2 The Rosetta Stone 9_^ ر The Rosetta Stone was found by French soldiers who were rebuilding a fort in Egypt, and it is named for the town where it was discovered, Rashid. The Rosetta Stone has writing in the three scripts being used at the time it was carved in 196 BC.
ةD ا ا اa ف6 #G ا ? واO أو8L a M واا8 وا'ر8 ات اB [ت-3 ب؟# ا+1 آ The words for wait, in front of, friend, and look for5 in Arabic are different in some dialects. Listen to a recording of these dialects, and pay special attention to the variations. 5َ6L ْ ُ ا MSA
f1ْL^ ُ ا َ ْ fا Egyptian
f ِ ا#^ ُ ا َ ْ fا Iraqi
f1ّ ِر,^ ُ ا َ ْ fا Levantine
ْ أم _ُ<كv ِ َ & ا،0; 8 B; w ُ [91 & وأ،اآE¬ ا .MDأ
ّام _ُ<كMُ :َ 1 ْ ا،0; 8 :; دو¬ر% &اآ وأE¬ ا .[D
آامvَ & ا،0; 0& وا،_<ك ا > ت :; رَح أدور .MDأ
َ _ُ<ك% h # ،0; ْhَ رj وأ& َرحْ َدو،ا ْآE¬ ا .Lَ* ر:;
Activity 7 a. Listen to four dialogues, Egyptian, Iraqi, and Levantine dialects and MSA. Indicate the dialect by checking the correct box next to the dialogue number......
ام ا و<دل ا'ت واراء. 1 اI7 8 M 0ّ % 3M' -4
At the Post Office Scenario: You bought some gifts in Egypt and you go to the post office to mail them to your family. Preparation and practice: With a partner, practice asking the post office clerk for a box, cost, time of delivery, type of mail (express, regular, overnight), insurance, etc. Example:
Package = 6 kg. Needs to be delivered in a week to 10 days to Chicago, IL USA cost: 250 Egyptian Pounds + insurance 50 LE. Package = 2 kg. needs to be delivered in 2 days – Seattle, WA, USA – cost 300 Egyptian Pounds, insurance is included in the total cost. Role play: Go to the post office and ask the post office clerk (role-played by your teacher) to send another package. Listening task for other students: While you are listening, fill in the grid below with the size of the parcel, the weight, the destination, the cost and any difficulties your classmate is facing. ……….
_'رة وR9 'الM أ-5
" اهاتiE هM B ; = ّ 7 نZ اBِ ً&M أر'ن،'دO 8 " When Napoleon invaded Egypt in 1798, his pride was expressed through his famous quote: “Soldats! Du haut de ces Pyramides, quarante siècles nous contemplent” (Soldiers! From the top of these Pyramids, forty centuries are looking at us)
I 1 ا¥< 'ات ا وه7. ;دة و8 ز:; Z ا آa B8 أداء ا ر, آ:; ب67 إر_دات-6 m= أدوات اS B8 أداء ا رj ُ 0 وادوات ا C8 اد ر1G ا, 'ل آ% §& وB8 أداء ا, آ:; B 1 ت رO' -7 While the student is asking to send the parcel, you might want to include a very simple complication, e.g; - The parcel is overweight, but can be delivered for extra fee……..
دة ا1ب * ى ا67 ا88 0
ذاL -8 SELF-EVALUATION You have read the objectives for this chapter on page ( ). Have you been successful in performing the functions and tasks listed below? Indicate this by checking either yes or no. Function / Task / Awareness Yes No • I can inquire about booking a trip. ………………
> اءة و > وL =S B8 أداء0* '7 § &'ع ارة )ارات( اl' ت6; ام. 1 ا-9 ,ُ 'رة آ و%? ¦M' اB [8 : % mL* دات,ُ'ا; ا َآM ¥ ام. 1 ا-10 =<M B 8L 0 'ا; ا اM ام. 1 إ;دة ا-11 'ع ارسl' B; *l 'ت إ:; ا['ل8 w % ا?<> ا:; aM 'ا:_رة إo ا-12 For more information, go to http://www.alhewar.net/Basket/sleiman_empowering_arab_americans.htm
ارس.& 0* B8= ا ر% ح, -13 اE& واL ب67 اI% ل6 1'ب ف ا1[ام ا وا. 1 & أب ا> و-14 When you click the Start button, you will hear a number and a color. Click on the correct number and color from the wheel.
References Larson-Freeman, D. (2003). Teaching language: From grammar to grammaring. Boston: Thomson/Heinle. Long, M. H., & Crookes, G. (1992). Three approaches to task-based language teaching. TESO Quarterly, 26(1), 27-56.
[email protected] [email protected]