July ('05)9 - Spoken English

Ðû¦è[ª-

I Durga: Look at Leela's dress. Isn't it (= Is it not) really wonderful?

(Mõ vèµúÃ àŸ«è[ª, à¦ö° ò°ÞœªÙC ÚÛë¯!) Valli:

Ok I like it really. In fact, I wish now to buy one such dress for myself.

(û¦ÚÛª à¦ö° ì#aÙC. Ïí£±pè¶ Íö°Ùæ¨ vèµúà ڕû¶óŸ«õE ÑÙC.) Durga: Renuka too likes it. I desire one like that too. I feel like buying it, but I haven't (= do not have) the money.

(¸ôéªÚÛ ÚÛ«è¯ Î vèµúà ÍÙç¶ Ïù£d-í£-è[ªêÁÙC. û¦ÚÛ« Ú•û¦-õE ÑÙC. Ïí£±pè¶ Ú•û¶óŸ«-õEí‡þ¼hÙC. Ú¥F è[ñªs ö¶ë]ª.) feel like +...ing = Ôëµjû¦ à¶óŸ«-õ-E-í‡Ù-àŸè[Ù. feel like going to bed = Evë] ð¼î¦õEí‡þ¼hÙC) Valli:

I really envy Leela for the dress.

(û¦ÚÛª Mõ vèµúà ÍÙç¶ Ðô¢{uÞ¥ ÑÙC. Envy = Ðô¢{u/-Ðô¢{u í£è[è[Ù) Ð ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ like, wish, desire, have, envy, feel - Ð verbs ÍFo Ïí£±pè[ª áô¢ª-Þœª-꟪ìo Nù£óŸ«õû¶ àµñªêŸª-û¦oô³. Ïí£±pè[ª áJ¸Þ Nù£-óŸ«õìª êµL›í verbs Óí£±pè[« am + ing, is + ing, are + ing form (present continuous) ö˺ ÑÙè¯õE êµõª-ú£ª-ÚÛªû¦oÙ. Íô³-ì-í£p-æ¨Ú© šíj ú£ÙòÅ°ù£é-ö˺E

ing

ô¦sÄö˺x feel, (feel ÍÙç¶ × Íìª-òÅ¡«-AE, ú£pô¢zìª êµLóŸª-â¶-ú‡-ì-í£±pè[ª) prefer Oæ¨ûµí£±pè[« ÷ªìÙ am + ing, is + ing, are + ing ö˺ î¦è[Ù Íû¶ Nù£óŸªÙ ÚÛ#aêŸÙÞ¥ Þœªô¢ªh-ší-åªd-ÚÁ-î¦L. a) Î ÍêŸè…E v›íNª-þ¼hÙC. She loves him. (She is loving him

Ú¥ë]ª. v›íNªÙ-àŸè[Ù Ïí£±pè[ª áô¢ª-Þœª-꟪û¦o ú£¸ô.) b) î¦üŒ‰x ð§ú£-÷±-ê¦-÷ªE ÎP-ú£ªh-û¦oô¢ª. They hope to pass. (They are hoping to pass

Ú¥ë]ª. î¦üŒ‰x ÎPÙàŸè[Ù Ïí£±pè¶ Íô³û¦) šíj list ö˺ NªÞœê¦ verbs ÚÛª ÚÛ«è¯ Ïë¶ rule. Actions of the mind (Îö˺-àŸ-ì-õÚÛª, ñªClÄÚ¨ ú£ÙñÙCÅÙ-#ì àŸô¢uõìª) êµL›í verbs ÚÛª ÚÛ«è¯ am + ing, is + ing, are + ing form ö¶ë]ª. ÍN– 1) know = êµL-óŸªè[Ù 2) understand = Íô¢nÙ à¶ú£ª-ÚÁ-÷è[Ù 3) remember = â°cí£ÚÛÙ à¶ú£ªÚÁ-÷è[Ù 4) forget = ÷ªô¢-#-ð¼-÷è[Ù 5) decide = Eô¢g-ô³Ù-àŸè[Ù 6) doubt = ú£Ùë¶-Ù-àŸè[Ù 7) think = Îö˺-#Ù-àŸè[Ù 8) suppose = Íìª-ÚÁ-÷è[Ù 9) believe = ì÷ªtè[Ù

Words (like, likes, wish, wishes, desire, desires, envy, envies) verbs dislike, love, hate, hope, want, appreciate admire

Þ¥û¶ î¦è[ê¦Ù. Ïö°Ùæ¨

÷ªJ-Ú•Eo–

(îµªàŸªaÚÁ÷è[Ù) Ú•Eo ú£Ùë]-

10) imagine = verbs + ing form

ÒÙ-àŸè[Ù

(à¦ö°-÷ª-åªÚÛª ô¦ë]ª)

am/ is/ are am + ing, is + ing, are

ö˺ ë¶Fo ö˺ î¦è[Ù. î¦üŒ‰x û¦ ÷«åõª Íô¢lÄÙ à¶ú£ª-ÚÛªÙ-åª-û¦oô¢ª. ÍÙç¶ Ð

They understand my words. (They are understanding my words am/ is/ are understanding

Ú¥ë]ª)

ô¦ë]ª. ÍêŸ-è…Ú¨ ÏÙÚ¥ û¦ ›íô¢ª Þœªô¢ªhÙC.

He still remembers my name. (He is still remembering my name

ÍìÙ ÚÛë¯) Íö°¸Þ šíj list ö˺ Ñìo NªÞœê¦ verbs ìª ÚÛ«è¯ am

ví£øŒo: Simple present tense ö˺

noun í£ÚÛ\ì ÚÛª s ÑÙè¯L ÚÛë¯. Ñë¯: Rama sells mangoes. God bless you ÍÙæ°ô¢ª, God blesses you Íû¦L ÚÛë¯! – û¦÷« ú£ÙêÁ-ùÃ-ö°öËÀ, Íè[y-¸ÚæËÀ, Ná-óŸª-î¦è[ áî¦ñª: simple present ö˺ verb ÚÛª 's' à¶ô¦aL. ÚÛ·ôÚÂd. Íô³ê¶ "God bless you" Íû¶ sentence statement Ú¥ë]ª. ÍC 'May God bless you' Íû¶ Dîµì. Íö° DNÙ-à¶-å-í£±pè[ª 'May God bless you' ö˺ 'May' ÷C-ö¶ú‡ 'God bless you' ÍÙåªÙæ°Ù. ÍÙë]ª-÷õx ÏÚÛ\è[ 'blesses' ô¦ë]ª. ví£øŒo: Not bad ÍÙç¶ very good ÍE àŸCî¦Ù. Oªô¢ª not bad ÍÙç¶ í£ô¢-î¦-ö¶ë]ª ÍE ô¦ø‹ô¢ª. Ð ·ôÙè…Ù-æ¨ö˺ ÔC ÚÛ·ôÚÂd. – è….ÎôÂ., áT-ê¦uõ áî¦ñª: 'Not bad' ÍÙç¶ í£ô¢î¦-ö¶ë]ª ÍE Íô¢nÙ Ú¥ë]ª. Very good Íû¶. ví£øŒo: The E Óö° ÑàŸa-JÙ-à¦L. à¦ö° ÷ªÙC ‘ë]’ ÍE í£õª-ÚÛª-ê¦ô¢ª. ‘C’ Íì-ÚÛ«-è[ë¯? – ·Ú.N. ô¢÷ªé, áóŸª-í£±ô¢Ù, ÖJþ§q áî¦ñª: ÏÙêŸÚÛª÷³Ùë]ª DE ÞœªJÙ# WûË 16ì ví£àŸª-JÙ-#ì ÷´èÁ òÅ°ÞœÙö˺ N÷JÙà¦Ù. Í, Î, Ï, Ð, Ñ, Ò, Ó, Ô, Õ, Ö, ×, Ø– Ð êµõªÞœª øŒò°lõêÁ vð§ô¢ÙòÅ¡Ù Íó¶ªu English ÷«åõ ÷³Ùë]ª 'the' E ‘C’ Þ¥ í£õª-ÚÛªê¦Ù. NªÞœê¦ ÷«åõ ÷³Ùë]ª ‘ë]’ ÍÙæ°Ù. The (C) apple, ant, egg, air, owl, umbrel-

+ ing, is + ing, are + ing form a)

ö˺ î¦è[Ù. û¦ Qö°û¶o ú£Ùë¶--ú£ªhû¦oî¦? DEo English ö˺ Óö° àµñªê¦Ù? ÏÚÛ\è[ 'doubt' î¦è¯L ÚÛë¯.

verb

la etc. The

Am/ is/ are + knowing am/ is/ are understanding

î¦è[Ù. Íö°¸Þ Óí£±pè[« ô¦ë]ª. Ïö°¸Þ NªÞœ-ê¦-î¦æ¨ Nù£-óŸªÙö˺. am + ing, is + ing, are + ing forms ö˺ î¦è[E ÷ªJ-Ú•Eo verbs Ñû¦oô³. ÍN êµõª-ú£ª-Ú•û¶ ÷³Ùë]ª, Ð Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥u-õìª English ö˺ GÞœ_-ô¢Þ¥ practice à¶óŸªÙè…. 1. ÍêŸìª ð§ôȦEo àŸÚÛ\Þ¥ Íô¢nÙ à¶ú£ªÚÛªÙ-åª-û¦oè[ª. 2. î¦è… ÞœªJÙ# î¦è[ª Ô÷ªìª-ÚÛªÙ-åª-û¦oè[ª? (think î¦è[Ùè…) 3. ìª÷±y Ð ·ôþ§d-·ôÙæËÀö˺ Ú¥íƈ Ïù£dí£è[ªêŸª-û¦oî¦? 4. ÍêŸè… ›íô¢ª û¦ÚÛª Þœªô¢ªh ô¦÷è[Ù ö¶ë]ª. (remem÷àŸªa.

sale bargain (A good bargain, a bad bargain best bargain etc.) good/ bad at bargaining =

= Í÷ªtÚÛÙ = ò¶ô¢Ù, ò¶ô¢Ù à¶óŸªè[Ù

ò°Þ¥ ò¶ô¢Ù à¶óŸªÞœõÞœè[Ù/ ò°Þ¥ ò¶ô¢Ù à¶óŸªö¶ÚÛ-ð¼-÷è[Ù bargain- pronunciation – ò°ÞœûËÂ)

ÍEoàÁæ°x ô¦ë]ª!!

verbs- like, wish ö°Ùæ¨N ÷ªì-ú£ªÚÛª, òÅ°î¦õÚÛª ú£ÙñÙ-CÅÙ-#ì verbs ö˺ Ú•Eo Ú¥ñæ¨d, Íö°Ùæ¨ verbs ìª am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing ô¢«í£Ùö˺ î¦è[Ù. Íö°Ùæ¨ ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄö˺x Regular Doing

(J{Ù-àŸè[Ù),

þ¼÷ªî¦ô¢Ù 18 Vöµj 2005

(ë]) tree, book, shop, college etc.

M. SURESAN

am doubting/ is 'doubt' doubting/ are doubting question do sentence-

ö˺ î¦è¯L. ÍÙç¶

ÍìÙ. ô¦î¦L. Ú¥ñæ¨d

ber) î¦è[Ùè…. 5. ÔÙæ¨ö° ÍEo Nù£óŸ«õª ÷ªJað¼êŸªû¦o÷±? (why êÁ vð§ô¢Ù-GÅÙ-àŸÙè…) 6. ÍêŸ-è…E ìª÷±y ÓÙë]ªÚÛª Íìª-÷«-E-ú£ªh-û¦o÷±? 7. û¦ÚÛª ÏÚÛ\è[ àŸë]-î¦-õEí‡ÙàŸè[Ù ö¶ë]ª. (feel like = ÍE-í‡Ù-àŸè[Ù) 8. î¦è[ª ììªo ú£JÞ¥ Íô¢nÙ à¶ú£ªÚÁ-÷è[Ù ö¶ë]ª. 9. Î Ïí£±pè[ª ÏÙæ¨Ú¨ îµü‹xõE Íìª-ÚÛªÙ-æ˺Ùë¯? (think î¦è[Ùè…). 10. ÍêŸ-ìÙ-ë]-J-ÚÛÙç¶ Þ•í£pî¦è…E Íìª-ÚÛªÙ-åª-û¦oè¯? (suppose Ñí£-óµ«-TÙ-àŸÙè….) 11. F ví£÷-ô¢hì ÍêŸ-è…Ú¨ ìàŸaè[Ù ö¶ë]ª. (dislike î¦è[Ùè….) 12. û¦ ÷«åõª ìª÷±y ì÷ªtè[Ù ö¶ë¯? (believe/ doubt) î¦è[Ùè…) 13. ìª÷±y æ© ÚÛû¦o Ú¥íƈû¶ ÓÙë]ªÚ¨ù£dí£-è[ª-꟪-û¦o÷±? (prefer î¦è[Ùè…) 14. FÚÛª F í£Jú‡nA êµLóŸªè[Ù ö¶ë]ª (know Ñí£-óµ«TÙ-àŸÙè….) 15. Ïô¦-Ú©õª Í-J-ÚÛ-ìxìª ë¶yù‡-ú£ªh-û¦oô¦?

Answers: 1. He understands the lesson well. 2. What does he think of himself? ( is thinking 3. Do you like (are you liking the coffee in this restaurant? 4. I don't (= do not) remember (am not + remembering his name. 5. Why do you forget (are you forgetting things like this? 6. Why do you doubt him? 7. I do not feel like studying here. 8. He does not understand me properly. 9. Does she think of going home now? 10. Does he suppose that he is the greatest of all? 11. He doesn't (= does not) like your behaviour. 12. Don't you (Do you not/ Do not you) believe my words/ Do you doubt my words? 13. Why do you prefer coffee to tea? (prefer 'to' 14. You do not know your position. 15. Do Iraquis hate Americans?

ô¦ë]ª ÚÛë¯!)

ÍìÙ)

ÎÙÞœxòÅ°ù£é 19

êŸí£±p)

Ú¥ë]ª)

Do you doubt my character ? (Are you doubting my character b)

Ú¥ë]ª.)

OªÚÛª ÙD êµõªþ§? Do you know Hindi? (Are you knowing

c)

Ú¥ë]ª.) î¦è[ª ììoô¢nÙ à¶ú£ªÚÁ-÷è[Ù ö¶ë]ª.

He is not understanding me am/ is/ are + understanding English He does not understand (= understand + not) me. d) What do you think? (What are you thinking

ÍìÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. ÓÙë]ª-ÚÛÙç¶ Ú¥ë]ª Ú¥ñæ¨d. ÷ª¸ô-÷ªÙæ°Ù? ìªî¶y-÷ª-ìª-ÚÛªÙ-åª-û¦o÷±?

ÍìÙ.)

÷³Üu Nù£óŸªÙ verbs thinking, understanding etc.

šíjì àµí‡pì

Nù£-óŸªÙö˺

êŸô¦yêŸ

liking, loving, 'ing' forms

ìª ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄEo ñæ¨d î¦è[-÷àŸªa. î¦è[-ÚÛ«-è[-EC: Ð 'ing' forms ÷³Ùë]ª, am, is, are à¶ô¢aè[Ù. knowing - ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄEo ñæ¨d î¦è[-

÷ú£ªhÙC).

VOCABULARY

ÚÛª ú£ÙñÙ-CÅÙ-#ì ÷«åõª: êµL-ú‡ì ÷«åö¶.

Shopping buy, sell

Look at Leela's dress. Isn't it really wonderful? purchase = Ú•ìè[Ù (Ð Íô¢nÙêÁ purchase Íìè[Ù ÚÛû¦o ú£ï£°-áÙÞ¥ ÑÙåªÙC). purchase = Ú•ìo ÷ú£ªh÷±

'buy'

Íìè[Ù

My important purchase this week is the TV. TV) return = exchange = replace =

(Ð î¦ô¢Ù û¶ìª Ú•ìo ÷³Üu-iì ÷ú£ªh÷± Ú•ìo ÷ú£ªh÷± AJT Ï÷yè[Ù Ú•ìo ÷ú£ªh÷± ÿ§íÃö˺ ÷«ô¢ªa-ÚÁ÷è[Ù Ú•ìo ÷ú£ªh-÷±ö˺ ëÁù£Ù ÑÙç¶ ë¯EÚ¨ ñë]ªõª ÿ§í£± î¦üŒ‰x ÏÙÚ•-ÚÛæ¨ ÷ªìÚÛª Ï÷yè[Ù refund = ÿ§í£± î¦üŒ‰x è[ñªs î¦í£úà Ï÷yè[Ù durable = (÷ú£ªh-÷±ÚÛª) ÷ªEoÚÛ Ñìo, ÷ªEo-ÚÛ-Þœõ allow a discount = êŸT_Ù# Í÷ªtè[Ù; expensive = ÜKëµjì cheap = à½ÚÛ Íô³ì moderate (price) = ú£ô¢-ú£-iì (ëÅ]ô¢) cost = ÜKë]ª, ÜK-ë]-÷è[Ù