Feb ('06) -12 - Spoken English

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

II Gunavanth: Where have you been since the morning?

-¨¡Ÿ-véπ¢√®Ωç 24 °∂œ-v•-´-J 2006

îËü∆lç. Let's go ¢Á ∞ «l ç °æ ü ¿ . Let Åçõ‰ äéπ®Ω’ äéπ °æE îËߪ’F (Öü¿ßª’ç †’ç* áéπ\-úø’-Ø√o´¤?) ÅE Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC. Yashwanth: I have been working on the comLet him come = ÅûªúÕE ®√F. puter in the next room. Let me go = ††’o ¢Á∞¡xF... É™«í∫.) (°æéπ\ í∫C™ computer °j ´®˝\ îËÆæ’°j Conversation ™ Ñ sentences îª÷úøçúÕ: èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o.) Gunavanth: I have been trying to get you since the morning.

(§Òü¿’löÀ †’ç* FûÓ ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©E v°æߪ’Ao-Ææ’hØ√o.) Yashwanth: Why didn't you call my cell? cell phone Gunavanth: That's what I did. But I've been getting the response, 'switched off'

(Ø√

Èéçü¿’èπ◊

îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’?)

(Let us ring him up = phone

=

a) I have been working on the computer since the morning. b) I have been trying to get you since the morning.

í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬, Ééπ\úÕ

c) I have been getting the response...

3rd use- (Action

starting in the past and going on till now)

d) He has been staying at his cousin's.

have been + ing/ has been + ing use- Action

e) I have been thinking of meeting him.

starting in the past and going on even now

(ÅüË Øˆ’ îËÆœçC. áEo≤ƒ®Ω’x îËÆœØ√ 'switched off' ÅØË ´-≤ÚhçC.)

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

Yashwanth: Well, what's so urgent?

(-àçôçûª Å´-Ææ®Ωç?)

èπÿ èπÿ

î√™« §ÚLéπ ÖçC éπü∆? ÅC correct. a) í∫ûªç †’ç* É°æp-öÀ-´-®Ωèπ◊ Å®·ûË: have + PP / 117

has + PP

I have been enquiring Gunavanth: Ravi is in town for some course in software. He has been staying at his cousin's for the past two days. He wants to meet us. software course cousin

(®ΩN Ü∞x ÖØ√oúø’. àüÓ èπ◊. È®çvúÓ-V-©’í¬ ¢√∞¡x Éçöx •Ææ îËÆæ’h-Ø√oúø’. ´’†-Lo-ü¿lJo éπ©’Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√oúø’.)

Yashwanth: In fact I've been thinking of meeting him. I want some books from him.

(ØËØË Åûª-úÕE éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o†’. ¢√úÕ ü¿í∫_-®Ω’oç* Ø√èπ◊ éÌEo °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ 鬢√L.) Gunavanth: Why do you need them?

(-Å-N FÈéç-ü¿’-é¬\-¢√L?) Yashwanth: You know, I've been doing a special course in computers for the past two weeks. The course has almost come to an end. I've to take an exam in it next week. That's why I need them.

(Fèπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’ éπü∆, È®çúø’ ¢√®√-©’í¬ computers ™ ØËØÓ special course îËÆæ’h-†oô’x. ÅC ü∆ü∆°æ¤ Å®·-§Ú-®·çC. ´îËa ¢√®Ωç °æKéπ~. Åçü¿’Íé °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ 鬢√L.) Gunavanth: Perhaps that's why he has wanted to meet us

(•£æ›¨¡ Åçü¿’-éπØË Åûªúø’ ´’†Lo éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o-úË¢Á÷.) Yashwanth: I have been enquiring all book shops here for the books. They aren't available. book shops

(-Ç °æ¤Ææhé¬-©éÓÆæç ØËE-éπ\úø ÅEo ™ ¢Áûª’-èπ◊-ûª’Ø√o. ÅN üÌ®Ω-éπôç ™‰ü¿’.)

Gunavanth: Are you sure Ravi has them?

Yashwanth: I bought them here a year ago and sent them to him.

(àú≈C éÀçü¿ ØËØË ¢√öÀE éÌE Åûª-úÕéÀ °æ秃.) Gunavanth: That's O.K. Then let's ring him up and ask him to see us. phone

Spoken English

special

course

b)

in

îËÆœ

í∫ûªç †’ç* Éçé¬ Å®·ûË

have been + ...ing/

has been + ...ing.

computers.

a) Tendulkar has played cricket for since his

g) I have been enquir-

Oô-Eoöx

verb

have been + ... ing/ has been + ... ing form

M. SURESAN

É°æp-öÀ-´-®Ωèπ◊ ïJ-T† action †’ îÁ•’-ûª’çC. É°æ¤p-úÕçé¬ ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûÓçü∆, ™‰ü∆ ÅØË N≠æ-ߪ÷©’ ü∆E-´©x ûÁL-ߪ’´¤. b) Tendulkar has been playing cricket since his 19th year.

Ééπ\úÕ verb, has been + ...ing Åçõ‰ 19´ àöÀ †’ç* Éçé¬ Çúø’-ûª÷ØË ÖØ√o-úøE. Continue Å´¤ûÓçC. 鬕öÀd 1) have + PP/ has + PP - É°æpöÀ´®Ωèπ◊ ii) have been + ...ing/ has been + ...ing - Éçé¬ (Å®·ûË ã ´·êu N≠æߪ’ç. Ñ ûËú≈ Ö†o-°æp-öÀéÃ, ´÷´‚©’ usage ™ Spoken/ Written form ™ OöÀ È®çöÀéÃ Ñ ûËú≈ °ü¿lí¬ §ƒöÀç-Ω’. Éçé¬ ØÌéÀ\ îÁ§ƒp-Lq-†-°æ¤púø’ have been + ...ing/ has been + ...ing, better) a) I have worked here for ten years now. b) I have been working here for ten years now.

nineteenth year

ing.

(19´ àöÀ †’ç* É°æp-öÀ-´-®Ωèπÿ Çú≈úø’). Çúøôç Å®·-§Ú-®·çü∆? – -ûÁ-L-ߪ’ü¿’. Ñ sentence v°æ鬮Ωç Çúøôç é̆-≤ƒ-í∫’-ûÓç-ü∆?– ÅD ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’.

a), b)

áèπ◊\´

ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äÍé Å®Ωnç éπ©N. Å®·ûË éÀ v§ƒüµ∆†uç.

b)

™

continuity

™ ÖçC éπü∆. Have been + ... ing/ has been + ... ing form verb Present Perfect Continuous Tense

™

Öçõ‰ ÅC Å´¤-ûª’çC.

I have been trying to get you since the morning.

§Òü¿’löÀ†’ç* F éÓÆæç v°æߪ’-Ao-Ææ’hØ√o (Phone -™¿). Ñ sentence ™ îª÷úøçúÕ. í∫ûªç™ v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº¢Á’i, Éçé¬ é̆-≤ƒ-í∫’-ûª’çúË action èπ◊ have been + ing ¢√úø’-ûª’Ø√oç. (§Òü¿’löÀ †’ç*, Éçé¬). O’èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’, I, we, you and they Å®·ûË, have been + ... ing Åçö«ç, He, she, it Å®·ûË has been + ... ing Åçö«ç. (This is for an action starting in the past and continuing even now.) The congress party has been ruling AP for the year and a half (AP past

E Ææç´-ûªq-®Ωç-†o-®Ωí¬ ™ v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº¢Á’i §ƒL-≤Úhç-C. -à-ú≈-C-†o®Ω éÀçü¿ô, Éçé¬ é̆-≤ƒ-í∫’-ûÓçC §ƒ©†.) °j conversation ™ç* BÆœ† sentences ™ Present Perfect Continuous Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç í∫´’-EçîªçúÕ. c) I have been getting the response... (... response

PRACTISE THE FOLLOWING Govind:

†’¢Áy-éπ\úø îªü¿’-´¤-ûª’-Ø√o´¤? Ææ’Nü∆u 鬙‰-@™ Govind: áçûª-鬩çí¬ îªü¿’-´¤-ûª’-Ø√o-´-éπ\úø? Krishna: í∫ûª È®çúË-∞¡Ÿxí¬ Govind: F marks ᙫ ÖØ√o®·? Krishna: ÅEo subjects ™ 80] éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\¢Ë score îËÆæ’h-Ø√o†’ Éçûª-´-®Ωèπ◊. Maths ™ Å®·ûË ØËEçûª´®Ωèπ◊ 90]èπ◊ ûªí∫_-™‰ü¿’. Govind: Ééπ\úø †’´¤y O’ ûªLxü¿çvúø’©ûÓ Öçô’-Ø√o¢√? Krishna: ™‰ü¿’. ¢Á·ü¿-öÀoç* hostel ™ØË Öçô’Ø√o. (Stay ¢√úøçúÕ) Govind: Ø√ friend Ravi èπÿú≈ ã Ææç´ûªq®Ωçí¬ hostel ™ØË Öçô’-Ø√oúø’. Åûªúø’ Fèπ◊ ûÁ©’≤ƒ? Krishna: ûÁ©’Ææ’. -¢Ë’-´· È®çúø’ ØÁ©-©’í¬ äÍé teacher ü¿í∫_-JéÀ tuition èπ◊ ¢Á∞¡Ÿ-ûª’Ø√oç. Govind: ؈-ûª-úÕE éπ©-´-ö«-EéÀ Åûªúø’ îËJ-†-°æpöÀ †’ç* ´Ææ’h-Ø√o†’. †ØÁo-°æ¤púø÷ îª÷úø-™‰ü∆? Krishna: ™‰ü¿’. ¢Ë’ç ¢ËÍ®y®Ω’ blocks ™ Öçö«ç. Krishna:

ANSWER Govind: Where are you studying? Krishna: In Suvidya College Govind: How long have you been studying there? Krishna: For the past/ last two years/ for two years now. Govind: How are your marks? Krishna: I have been scoring more than 80% in all subjects. In Maths, I haven't scored less than 90% so far. Govind: Do you live with your parents here? Krishna: No. From the beginning I have been staying in the hostel. Govind: My friend Ravi too has been staying in the hostel for the past one year. Do you now him? Krishna: Yes. I know him (I do). We have been going to the same teacher for tuition Govind: I have been visiting him frequently since he joined there. Haven't you ever seen me? (ever Krishna: No. We live in different blocks.

á°æ¤p-úÁjØ√)

ÅØË éÌçûª é¬©ç †’ç*, (§Òü¿’lEoç* Éçé¬) ´≤ÚhçC.)

d) He has been staying at his cousin's. cousin Past

(¢√∞¡x Éçöx •Ææ îËÆæ’h-Ø√oúø’– v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº¢Á’i, Éçé¬.)

™

e) I have been thinking of meeting him

(®ΩN ü¿í∫_®Ω ÅN ÖØ√oߪ’E éπ-*a-ûªçí¬ ûÁ©’≤ƒ?)

(ÆæÍ®– Åûª-úÕéÀ ´’†ç éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´’çü∆ç.)

f) I have been doing a

Have + PP/ has + PP

(Åûª-úÕE éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’ – Éçé¬) f) I have been enquiring

(Nî√-JÆæ÷h ÖØ√o†’ – á°æp-öÀ-†’çîÓ... Éçé¬) (éÀç-ü¿-ô lesson ™ have + PP (Past Participle)/ has + PP use îª÷¨»ç éπü∆? ÅC üËEéÀ ¢√úøû√ç? 1) Past action, time not stated. 2) Action just completed. 3) Action starting in the past and going on till now.

-v°æ-¨¡o: Pronunciation èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† Å稻©-†’ ≤ÚpéπØ˛ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ¶µ«í∫çí¬ ÅçCç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. ¶µ«≠æ ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-´-úøç™ ´·çü¿’í¬ Öî√a®Ωù ´·êuç. à °æü∆Eo à Nüµ¿çí¬ °æ©-鬙 ûÁ-©’Ææ’hçC. -≤ÚpéπØ˛ ÉçTx≠ˇèπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† Æ‘úŒ-©’-í¬F, é¬uÂÆ-ô’x-í¬F üÌ-JÍé Åvúø-Æˇ-©†’ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. – Èé.-áÆˇ.éπ%-≠æg, -¢Á’-ö¸°æ-Lx -ï-¢√-•’: 1) éÌûªh ´÷-ô àüÁjØ√ ¢√úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’ ü∆E pronunciation Ææ÷*-Ææ÷hØË ÖØ√oç éπü∆. ´·çü¿’-´·çü¿’ lessons -™ N´-®Ωù éÌçûª áèπ◊\-´í¬ Öçô’çC. 2) Spoken English èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† CDs, Casettes °ü¿l °ü¿l bookshops ™ üÌ®Ω’èπ◊-û√®·. Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages (CIEFL) ¢√∞¡x Pronunciation Casettes, CDs -N-†ç-úÕ.

-§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm