August ('05)-6 - Spoken English

I

Ðû¦è[ªSumathi: Hi, Vimala, well met. When shall we sit to plan our holiday?

(óÀª N÷ªõ! ÷ªìÙ ÚÛõª-ú£ª-ÚÁ-÷è[Ù ÷ªÙ#-ëµjÙC. Mè¶ ð§xûË à¶óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨ Óí£±pè[ª ÚÛ«ô¢ªaÙë¯Ù?) Holiday = ÷«÷´õª Íô¢nÙ šúõ÷±. ÏÙÚÁ Íô¢nÙ ÷ªìÙ ÓÚÛ\è…·Újû¦ ú£ô¢-ë¯Þ¥ îµRx ޜ腛í ôÁVõª ÍE.

★ You, he, she, it and they will Indefinite future. you, he, she, it and they shall

êÁ (ÚÛ#a-êŸÙ-Ú¥E) Ïí£±pè[ª šíj ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ êÁ î¦è¶ ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄõª– îµ³ë]å Ï#aì ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ 1) ÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥ future ö˺ áô¢ª-Þœª-ê¦-óŸª-ìª-ÚÛªìo Nù£óŸ«õª. a) It shall be this evening.

Vimala: Why not this evening? I shall be away from tomorrow onwards.

Ð þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ ÍC ÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥ ÑÙåªÙ-C/-Í-÷±êŸªÙC, ÑÙè¯-L/-Í-î¦yL. b) She shall come.

(Ð þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ ÓÙë]ªÚÛª ÚÛ«ôÁaÚÛ«-è[ë]ª? û¶ìª ¸ôí£æ¨ ìªÙ# G@Þ¥ ÑÙæ°.) why not = ÓÙë]ªÚÛª ÚÛ«è[ë]ª?

êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÷ªìêÁ ÷þ§h-è[ª/-ô¦-î¦L. d) They shall not.

(Íô³ê¶ ÐôÁV þ§óŸªÙvêŸî¶ª ÚÛ«ô¢ªaÙë¯Ù. Ôè…Ù-æ¨Ú¨ ìª÷±y ÏÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L.)

î¦üŒ‰x ô¦ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª/ô¦ô¢ª e) You shall be here.

ìªNy-ÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L.

Vimala: What about Sudhakar, Your cousin?

(Oª ÚÛ>ûË ú£ªëů-ÚÛô ú£ÙÞœ-ê¶Ùæ¨?) Sumathi: He shall join us too.

Officer: You shall be here till 7 in the evening.

(Fô¢âÉÀ, ÚÛü‹uéÉ ô¦÷è[Ù ö¶ë¯?)

šúdûËÁ Oª ÍÙë]-J-ÚÛÙç¶ ÓÚÛª\-÷-›úí£± ÑÙåªÙC. û¶ìª à¦ö° öµåô¢ªx è…¸ÚdæËÀ à¶óŸ«L. ¸ôí£± Ñë]-óŸ«-E-ÚÛö°x Î êŸí£p-E-

(ìª÷±y ÏÚÛ\è[ þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ Ôè…Ù-æ¨-÷ô¢ÚÛª ÑÙè¯L– Îác)

Sumathi: Why they? They shall not. I don't like them.

Manoj: Why so long, Sir?

(î¦ü˜xÙ-ë]ªÚÛª? î¦üŒ‰x ô¦ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. û¦Ú¨ù£dÙ ö¶ë]ª) Ð ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ you, he, she, it and theyêÁ shall ô¦÷è[Ù Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè….

Officer: You shall finish all this work and then only go.

(ÍÙêŸ-›úí£± ÓÙë]ª-ÚÛÙè†?)

ÎÙÞœxòÅ°ù£é 31

(ìª÷±y Ð í£E í£²Jh à¶ú‡ îµü‹xL.) (øŒ‰vÚÛ-î¦ô¢Ù û¦ÚÛª šúõ÷± Ú¥î¦L.)

(þ¼÷ª-î¦ô¢Ù ÷ô¢ÚÛª šúõ÷± šíådÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. û¶ìª M. SURESAN ÓÙêŸ-›úí£± Ú¥î¦õÙç¶ ÍÙêŸ-›úí£± ìªNy-ÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯-LqÙë¶.)

ÍÙç¶ Íô¢nÙ

Î í£E ÍêŸè[ª à¶ú‡-ìç¶d ÑÙC Ôëµjû¦ áJ-T-ìåªx ÍE-í‡Ù-#ÙC).

ö˺

ii) They appear to have killed the tiger. (Tiger -past

àŸE-ð¼-ô³ÙC-- ö˺ î¦ü‹x í£E à¶ú‡ìç¶x Ïí£±pè[ª ÚÛEí‡-ú£ªh-û¦oô¢ª.)

ìª÷±y í£²Jh à¶óŸ«L (Îác–

ìª÷±y šúõ÷± šíåd-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª (Îác–

iii) I like to have gone with them.

(î¦üŒxêÁ îµRx ÑÙè[-è¯-EÚ¨ Ïù£dí£è[ªêŸªû¦o쪖 ÍÙç¶ î¦üŒ‰x îµRx-ð¼-óŸ«ô¢ª. û¶ìª Ïí£±pè[ª ÷«æ°x-è[ªêŸªû¦oìª.)

(Î ÞœêŸÙö˺– ð§è… ÑÙè¯-õE ÍìªÚÛªÙæ˺ÙC) c) To í£ÚÛ\ì be Þ¥F being î¦è[-ê¦ô¢ª êŸí£±pö¶ë]ª. i) I like to be here for sometime.

(û¶ìª ÏÚÛ\è[ Ú¥›úí£± ÍìªÚÛªÙåª-û¦oìª.)

ÑÙè¯õE

ii) I object to being treated as a stranger.

(ììªo Ú•êŸhî¦è…Þ¥ àŸ«è[è¯EÚ¨ û¶ìª ÍòÅ¡uÙ-êŸô¢Ù àµñª-꟪-û¦oìª.)

ví£øŒo: Oªô¢ª ÎÙÞœxòÅ°ù£é ÷´èÁ-òÅ°-ÞœÙö˺ I was there exactly at 6 when the function began 'I had been there exactly at 6 when the function began'

Ï#aì

Íû¶

î¦Ú¥uEo

ÍE ô¦óŸª-÷à¦a?

áî¦ñª:

command)

command) c) You shall not go on leave. command) d) You shall stay.

(NªÞœê¦ ú‡ñsÙC ú£ÙÞœ-ê¶Ù-åÙè†?)

to have gone, to have killed, to have done etc. i) He seems to have done it. ( (past

She likes to have sung

ìªNy-ÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L (Îác– b) You shall finish.

Officer: They shall stay too. They shall not apply for leave either, till Monday. My

ÔNªæ¨? í£ÚÛ\ì being ö¶ë¯ be î¦è…ê¶ ë¯E Íô¢nÙ ÔNªæ¨? – í‡. ÐøŒy-ô¢-ô¦÷±, ÞœªÙå«ô¢ª áî¦ñª: a) Infinitives ìª ÞœªJÙ# ÏÙêŸ-ÚÛª÷³Ùë]ª ÷#aì ð§ôȦö˺x N÷-JÙà¦Ù ÍC àŸ«è[Ùè…. b) to have + V3 - V3 ÍÙç¶ past participle. To have + V3 Ú¨ Ñë¯--ô¢-éõª:

(Î ð§è¯-õ-ìª-ÚÛªÙ-æ˺ÙC)

a) You shall be here.

Manoj: What about the others Sir?

c) to

She likes to sing.

ú£-JÞ¥ î¦æ¨ ví‡Ùå-÷±åªx Bú£ª-ÚÁ-î¦L. ÏÙÚÁ ·ôÙè[ª ö¶ë¯ ÓÚÛª\÷ ôÁVõª þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ Ôè…Ùæ¨ ÷ô¢ÚÛª Îíƈúà í£E-à¶óŸ«L.) Ð ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ Officer, you, he, she it and they êÁ shall î¦è[è[Ù Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè…. Íö° î¦è[è[Ù ÎóŸªì Îácõª (commands) Ï÷y-è¯-EÚ¨. ÍÙç¶ you, he, she, it and they êÁ shall Îác-õìª (commands) êµLóŸªâ¶ú£ªhÙC.

Officer: You shall not go on leave till Monday. You shall stay here as long as I want you to.

ví£øŒo: a) Infinitives ÍÙç¶ ÔNªæ¨? b) 'to + have +V3'

û¦ šúdûËÁ ÏÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L (Îác–

Î ví‡Ùå-÷±åªx êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ BóŸ«L (Îác– command)

h) The office (it) shall work. command) you, he, she, it and they shall (Commands/ orders)

Îíƈúà í£E-à¶-óŸ«L (Îác– – êµõª-þ¼hÙC ÚÛë¯ î¦è… Îácõª ÏÙÚ¥ àŸ«è[Ùè….

êÁ Ï÷yàŸªa.

i) You shall not smoke here.

Manoj: I want leave on Friday Sir.

ÏÙêŸ-÷-ô¢ÚÛª ÷ªìÙ êµõª-ú£ª-ÚÛªÙC ÖÚÛþ§J Þœªô¢ªh-à¶-ú£ªÚÛªÙë¯Ù. 1) I/We êÁ shall; you, he, she, it and they êÁ will ÚÛ#a-êŸÙ-Ú¥E òÅ¡N-ù£u꟪h (Indefinite future) ìª êµLóŸª-â¶-þ§hô³. 2) I/We êÁ will ÷ªì Eô¢g-óŸ«-õìª (decisions), Ñë¶l-ø‹õìª (intentions) êµLóŸª-â¶-þ§hô³. 3) I/We êÁ will ÷ªìÙ promise à¶óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨ î¦è[ê¦Ù. ÷ªìÙ Þœ÷ª-EÙ-#ì Nù£-óŸ«õª ú£ÙvÞœ-ÙÞ¥– ★ I/WeêÁ shall - Indefinite future ★ I/WeêÁ will determination (Eô¢góŸªÙ)

î¦üŒŠx ÏÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L. (Îác–

à¶óŸ«L... êŸí£pë]ª!

(Î êŸí£pÚÛ ÷ú£ªhÙC. ÷þ§h-ìE ÷«å Ï#aÙC.)

It shall be; She shall come; He shall join; They shall (not); You shall be

ìª÷±y ÑÙè¯L (Îác–

(û¶ûµÙ-êŸ-›úí£± ÏÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯õÙè†?)

(þ¿ô¢òÅ¡ ú£ÙÞœ-ê¶Ùæ¨? Î ÷ªìêÁ ô¦ë¯?)

(ÍêŸì« êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÷þ§hè[ª.)

command) e) They shall stay too. command) f) My steno shall stay. command) g) She shall take print outs.

(î¦üŒŠx êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÑÙæ°ô¢ª. þ¼÷ª-î¦ô¢Ù ÷ô¢ÚÛª î¦üŒ‰x ÚÛ«è¯ MîË Íè[ÞœÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. û¦

Manoj: How long am I to be here, Sir?

Sumathi: She shall come, ofcourse. She has promised me.

Vimala: Won't Neeraj and Kalyan come?

steno shall stay longer than all of you. I have a lot of letters to dictate, and she shall take out their print outs before tomorrow morning. For two more days the office shall work till 7PM.

Î êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÷ú£ªhÙ-C/-ô¦-î¦L. c) He shall join.

Sumathi: It shall be this evening then. You shall be here at 7 PM.

Vimala: How about Sourabha? Won't she (will not she) join us?

Þœªô¢ªî¦ô¢Ù 11 ÎÞœú£ªd 2005

– #ìªo, ûµõ«xô¢ª

a) I was there exactly at 6 when the function began. function begin Function begin

DE Íô¢nÙ Íô³-ì-í£±pè[ª û¶ì-ÚÛ\è[ ÚÛ·ôÚÂdÞ¥ ÎJÙ-æ¨Ú¨ Ñû¦oìª ÍE. Í÷è[Ù ÎJÙ-樸Ú, û¶ì-ÚÛ\è[ ÑìoC ÚÛ«è¯ ÎJÙ-æ¨¸Ú ÍE. b) I had been there exactly at 6 when the function began-

ÏC ÍÙêŸ ú£J-Ú¥ë]ª.

'I had been there when the function began exactly at 6', sentence sentence (a) (b) function

DEo

ÍE ÷«J›úh ÚÛª ú£·ôjì Íô¢nÙ ÷ú£ªhÙC. Íô³ê¶ Ú¨ Íô¢nÙö˺ ê¶è¯ DEÚ¨ šíjì î¦Ú¥u-EÚ¨ Íô¢nÙ ÚÛ·ô÷ú£ªhÙC. ÚÂdÞ¥ ÎJÙ-æ¨Ú¨ vð§ô¢ÙòšiÙC. ÍÙêŸÚÛª ÷³Ùë]ª ìªÙචû¶ìª ÍÚÛ\è[ Ñû¦oìª ÍE. ví£øŒo: a) Would E Ôó¶ª ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄö˺x Ñí£óµ«-T-þ§hô¢ª? b) Let you write ÍÙç¶ êŸð§p? Öð§p? ÓÙë]ªÚÛª? – ñÙè… P÷-ví£-þ§ëÂ, ÚÛå«\ôÂ

áî¦ñª:

a) 'would'

Ñí£óµ«Þ¥Eo êŸyô¢-ö˺û¶ N÷Jþ§hÙ. b) Let you write - ÏC êŸí£±p. Let Ñí£óµ«ÞœÙ ÏÙêŸÚÛª ÷³Ùë]ª î¦uþ§ö˺x N÷JÙà¦Ù. þ§÷«-ìuÙÞ¥ Letìª 'you'êÁ î¦è[è[Ù ÑÙè[ë]ª. ÖÚÁ\-þ§J î¦è[-÷àŸªa. You let yourself into the room, when he opens the door.

(ÍêŸìª êŸõªí£± êµô¢-÷-Þ¥û¶, ìª÷y ví£î¶-PÙàŸª– ÍE Íô¢nÙ. Íô³ê¶ ÏÚÛ\è[ yourself Íû¶ reflexive î¦è[ÚÛÙ Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè…) Let you write Íô¢nÙ– ìª÷±y ô¦ô³. Íô³ê¶ 'write' ÍÙç¶ ú£Jð¼êŸªÙC ÚÛë¯.

j)

ìª÷±y ÏÚÛ\è[ þ¼tÚ à¶óŸª-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. Oª public, university exams answer books ö˺ instructions ÍFo shall î¦è[ÚÛÙêÁ ÑÙæ°ô³.

i) No candidate (he/she) shall bring any slips of paper into the exam hall.

(í£K¤Û öËÀ-ö˺ڨ Ó÷ô¢« Ú¥TêŸÙ ú‡xí£±põª Bú£ª-ÚÛªô¦-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. - order) ii) Absolute silence shall be observed. order) you, he, she, it, they shall Court orders orders you, he, she, it and they (official) (unofficial) 'shall' English practice shall, will

(í£²Jh EøŒzñlÙ ð§æ¨Ù-à¦L– ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy í£vê¦õª, EñÙ-ëÅ]ìõª ÍEoæ˺x êÁ Îác-õÚÛª î¦è[è[Ù Oªô¢ª ö˺ ÚÛ«è¯ ÍÙê¶. Þœ÷ªEÙàŸ÷àŸªa. â°K à¶óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨ êÁ ÍCÅ-Ú¥-J-ÚÛÙÞ¥ Íô³û¦, Íì-CÅ-Ú¥-JÚÛÙÞ¥ Íô³û¦ î¦è[-ê¦ô¢ª. ö˺ à¶óŸªÙè…. ú£Ùë]Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥uõª ·ôÙè[« î¦è[Ùè…. ô¦sÄEo ñæ¨d 1) Íåª-÷Ù-æ¨-ë¶Oª ìª÷±y à¶óŸª-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª (such= Íåª÷Ùæ¨). 2) ìª÷±y ¸ôí£± ÏÚÛ\è…Ú¨ Ôè…Ù-æ¨Ú¨ ô¦ (order). 3) ¸ôí£± þ§óŸªÙ-vê¦-E-ÚÛö°x í£E í£²Jh-à¶-óŸ«L. 4) Ram: ÷ªSx û¶ìª Óí£±pè[ªô¦ìª ÏÚÛ\è…Ú¨? Raghu: ìª÷±y ÷ªSx ÏÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ ô¦ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. Ram: ìª÷yö° ÷«æ°x-è[-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. Raghu: ìª÷±y í£E í£²Jh-à¶-óŸ«L. Î êŸô¦yê¶ ììªo ÚÛõª-ú£ª-ÚÁ-î¦L. Ram: û¶ìª Ð þ§óŸªÙ-vêŸî¶ª ÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥ í£E í£²Jh-à¶þ§hìª. Raghu: Íô³ê¶ þ§óŸªÙ-vê¦-EÚ¨ ìª÷±y í£E í£²Jhà¶-óŸ«L. Answers: 1) You shall do no such thing/ You shall not do any such thing. 2) You shall be/ shall come here at 7 tomorrow. 3) You/He/She/They shall finish/ complete the work by tomorrow. 4) Ram: When shall I come here again? Raghu: You shall not (shan't) come here again. Ram: You shall not (shan't) talk like that. Raghu: You shall finish the work. Then only you shall see/ meet me. Ram: I'll (I will) finish the work by this evening. Raghu: You shall (finish), then.