August ('05)-3 - Spoken English

I

Ðû¦è[ªSukumar: My bike has been giving trouble since monday. I haven't been able to find a good mechanic.

(þ¼÷ª-î¦ô¢Ù ìªÙ# û¦ òµjÚ våñªöËÀ Ïþ¼hÙC. ÷ªÙ# ڥ-EÚ Ó÷ô¢« ë•ô¢-ÚÛç¶xë]ª) Sudheer: Why don't you try my mechanic? He has been attending to my bike for a long time now, and he has done a good job of it so far.

(û¦ ڥ-E-ÚÂÚÛª ÓÙë]ªÚÛª àŸ«í‡ÙàŸ-ÚÛ«è[ë]ª? û¦ òµjÚ ÍêŸû¶ àŸ«ú£ªhÙ-æ°è[ª. Ïí£p-æ¨-÷-ô¢ÚÛª ò°Þ¥û¶ àŸ«ø‹è[ª). Sukumar: I haven't thought of it. Thank you. Let's take my bike to him.

have + pp/ has + pp Ñí£-óµ«-TÙà¶

øŒ‰vÚÛî¦ô¢Ù 5 ÎÞœú£ªd 2005

ú£Ùë]ô¦sÄõª

1) (÷«÷´-õªÞ¥) çµjÙ êµLóŸªE past actions. 2) Íí£p-æ¨-ìªÙ# Ïí£p-æ¨-÷-ô¢ÚÛª (Íí£±p-è[-í£±pè[ª) ÏÙÚ¥ áô¢ª-Þœª-꟪ìo í£ìª-õÚÛª (actions from then till now/ (sometimes) even now;

3) just ö°Ùæ¨N î¦è…-ì-í£±pè[ª Ïí£±pè¶ Íô³-ð¼-ô³ì í£ìª-õÚÛª (actions just completed). Have been + ing/ has been + ing: ÞœêŸÙö˺ Óí£pæ¨-ìªÙ-àµjû¦ vð§ô¢Ùòši, ÏÙÚ¥ áô¢ª-Þœª-꟪ìo í£ìª-õÚÛª. Ram: How long have you been waiting here?

(ìª÷±y ÏÚÛ\è[ Óí£pæ¨ìªÙ# îµô³æËÀ à¶ú£ªhû¦o÷±?) Raghu: I have been waiting for you for ten minutes now.

(û¶û¦ Nù£óŸªÙ ÏÙêŸ-÷-ô¢ÚÛª Îö˺-#Ù-àŸö¶ë]ª. û¦ òµjÚ ÍÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ Bú£ª·Ú-üŒë¯Ù.)

(í£C ENª-ÿ§-õªÞ¥ F ÚÁú£Ù îµô³æËÀ à¶ú£ªhû¦o). ÏÚÛ\è… situation Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè….

Sudheer: He hasn't opened shop yet. 10 o' clock will be OK.

Suneel:

Ú¥ë]ª). ٠àµûµjo îµü‹xÙ (ÍE AJT ÷#aì êŸô¦yêŸ àµGê¶). We have been to Chennai. (We have gone to Chennai I, We 'have gone'

Ú¥ë]ª) î¦è[Ù. NªÞœê¦ subjects êÁ

îµü°xô¦... îµRx ÷à¦aô¦? 'I have been waiting for you for the past ten

(ÍêŸ-EÙÚ¥ ÿ§íà êµô¢-÷-ö¶ë]ª. 10 ÞœÙåõÚÛª îµRê¶ ú£J-ð¼-꟪ÙC). Sukumar: OK then. I haven't (have not) had my bath and breakfast yet. I will be at your place by 9.30.

(û¶ìª ÏÙÚ¥ þ§oìÙ à¶óŸª-ö¶ë]ª. vò¶ÚÂ-ðƧúÃd ÏÙÚ¥ Í÷-ö¶ë]ª. Oª ÏÙæ¨Ú¨ û¶ìª 9.30 ÚÛö°x ÷þ§h). Sudheer: OK (ú£¸ô) have + pp/ has + pp, have been + ing/ has been + ing

Ñí£-óµ«Þ¥õìª ÏÙêŸ-÷-ô¢ÚÛª ÷ªìÙ

àŸ«ø‹Ù. I we you they

}

have+pp

He has+pp She has been+ ing It

}

minutes (for ten minutes now) ÍE ô¢íÆ£³ Ó÷JêÁ ÍÙåª-û¦oè[ª? ô¦îªêÁ. Óí£±pè[ª? ô¦îª ÷#aì êŸô¦yêŸ... ÍÙç¶ ô¦îª ÷#a Ñû¦oè[ª Ú¥ñæ¨d waiting í£²ô¢hô³ìç¶x ÚÛë¯. Íô³û¦ have been waiting ÍE ô¢íÆ£³ ÍÙåª-û¦oè[ª. I have waited for you for ten minutes now Íìö¶ë]ª. ÏÚÛ\è[ have been waiting/ have waited ·ôÙè[« ÚÛ·ô¸Úd. ÍÙç¶ Ð ·ôÙè…Ùæ¨Ú© ÷«÷´õª î¦è[ªÚÛö˺ šíë]l ê¶è¯ ö¶ë]ª. Íô³ê¶ ÏÙÚ¥ continue Í÷±-êÁÙC continuity Ú¨ ÍE vð§÷³ÜuÙ Ïî¦yLq ÷›úh

êÁ î¦è[-÷àŸªa.

a)

î¦üŒ‰x ñóŸª-æ¨Ú¨ îµü‹xô¢ª. They have gone out.

M. SURESAN

b)

÷« êŸLx-ë]Ù-vè[ªõª šïj°ë]-ô¦ò°ë îµü‹xô¢ª.

My parents have gone to Hyderabad.

ÏÚÛ\è[ Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè….

Ð î¦Ú¥uö˺x ÔN ú£·ôj-ìN? ÚÛë¯! ÷ªJ 'God Íû¦L Ú¥F 'God bless ÍE ÍÙæ°ô¢ª ÓÙë]ªÚÛª? ‘FÚÛª êµõªþ§?’ Íû¶ î¦Ú¥uEo ÏÙTx-ùÃö˺ ÍE ô¦þ§hÙ. ‘ FÚÛª êµL-óŸªë¯?’ Íû¶ î¦Ú¥uEo ÏÙTx-ùÃö˺ Óö° ô¦óŸ«L? – ÎôÂ. P÷, ·ôjö¶y-ÚÁ-è[«ô¢ª áî¦ñª: Oªô¢ª ô¦ú‡ì î¦Ú¥uö˺x Ð Ú¨ÙCN 5) 'God' third person blesses you' you' 6) 'Do you know?'

Correct. 1) Will she have played? 2) He never uses pencil 3) What is your native place? 4) At what time does the Bangalore express reach Bangalore? 5) 'God bless you' 'May God bless you' 'May' 'God bless you' 6) Don't you (Do you not) konw?

í£²Jh-ô¢«í£Ù Íû¶ ÎQú£ªq. ÍÙåªÙæ°Ù.

÷C-ö¶ú‡ (FÚÛª

êµMë¯?)

(ð¼ô³ì øŒE-î¦ô¢Ù îµü‹xìª – I/we êÁ went î¦è[÷àŸªa.) Ð sentences English ö˺ practice à¶óŸªÙè…. 1) ÚÛKÙ: ô¢O, Eìo þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ ìªNyÙæ˺x ö¶÷±. ÓÚÛ\-è…-·Ú-ü‹x÷±? ô¢N: Eìo ÷« ÍÚÛ\óŸªu í£±æ¨dì ôÁV. î¦RxÙ-æ¨Ú¨ îµü‹xìª.

Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥uõª àŸ«è[Ùè… î¦üŒ‰x Í-JÚ¥ îµü‹xô¢ª.

a)

They have gone to the US/ They have left for the US. b)

÷« ÍìoóŸªu èÅ…Mx îµü‹xè[ª. My brother has left for/ My brother has gone to Delhi.

c)

٠šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë îµRx ÷à¦aÙ. We have been to Hyderabad.

d)

û¶ìª òµÙÞœª-üŒŠô¢ª îµRx-÷-à¦aìª. I have been to Bangalore.

Sudha, where have you been?

ÎÙÞœxòÅ°ù£é 28 û¶ìª/ ٠iú£«ô îµRx-÷-à¦aìª/îµRx-÷à¦aÙ. I/ We have been to Mysore.

a) They have gone

Will she has played? 2) He never uses pencil. He never use pencil. 3) Which is your native place? What is your native place? 4) At what time does Bangalore express reach Bangalore? At what time Bangalore express reaches Bangalore?

Íú£õª)

have been + ing/ has been + ing better.

have been+ing

ví£øŒo: 1) Will she have played?

(at all = I went there last saturday.

Óí£±p-èµ-ü‹x÷±?)

û¶ìª ÷³Ùò°ô³ îµRx- ÷-à¦aìª. I have been to Mumbai (I have gone to Mumbai

ÍÙç¶ î¦üŒ‰x îµü‹x-ô¢E ÚÛë¯. ÍÙç¶ î¦üŒ‰x ÏÙÚ¥ AJT ô¦ö¶ë]ª. îµü™x ë¯Jö˺ Íô³û¦ ÑÙè•àŸªa, ö¶ë¯ îµü‹x-õ-ìª-ÚÛªìo àÁåªö˺ Íô³û¦ ÑÙè•àŸªa ÍE. Íö°¸Þ– b) My parents have gone to Hyderabad ÍÙç¶ î¦üŒ‰x šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë îµü™x-ë¯-Jö˺ Íô³û¦ ÑÙè¯L, ö¶ÚÛð¼ê¶ šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë à¶J Íô³û¦ ÑÙè¯L ÍE. Ïí£±pè[ª ÏC àŸ«è[Ùè…– I have gone to Hyderabad.

Dìô¢nÙ– û¶ìª šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë îµü‹xìª ÍE ÍìªÚÛªÙç¶ û¶ìª šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë îµü™x ë¯Jö˺ޥF (on the way to Hyderabad) , šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë à¶JÞ¥F ÑÙè¯L ÍE ÚÛë¯. Íö° ÍE û¶ìª Ó÷-JêÁ àµí£p-Þœ-õìª? êÁæ¨ ví£óŸ«-é¨-ÚÛªè… (fellow passenger) êÁ Íì-ö¶ìª ÚÛë¯. šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë à¶Jì êŸô¦yêŸ I have gone to Hyderabad ÍE Íì-ö¶ìª. ÏÚÛ\è[ Ö¸Ú í£J-ú‡nA. û¶ìª šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë ìªÙ# AJT ÷#aì êŸô¦yêŸ šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°ë îµRx-÷-à¦a-ìE àµí£pÞœõÞœè[Ù. Ú¥ñæ¨d English ö˺ ÏC àµí£p-è¯-EÚ¨ I have gone to Hyderabad ú£J-Ú¥ë]ª ÚÛë¯. We (Ù)êÁ ÚÛ«è¯ Ïë¶ ú£÷ªú£u.

÷³Üu-iì ÍÙøŒÙ

I/ We

êÁ 'have gone' verb ô¦ë]ª. ÓÙë]ª-ÚÛÙç¶ û¶ìª Ú¥F ٠ڥF ÓÚÛ\-è…-·Újû¦ îµRx ÷#aì êŸô¦yê¶ ÍÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ îµü‹xÙ Íì-ÞœõÙ. ë¯EÚ¨ English- 'have gone' Ú¥ë]ª. Saritha: Sudha, where have you been?

(ú£ªëů, ÓÚÛ\-è[ª-û¦o÷± ÏÙêŸ-›úí£²?) Sudha: I have been to college.

(û¶ìª ÚÛü‹-ø‹-õÚÛª îµRx ÷à¦aìª). ÏÚÛ\è[ I have gone to college ÍÙç¶ Íô¢nÙ ÔÙ ÷ú£ªhÙC? û¶ìª ÚÛü‹-ø‹-õÚÛª îµü‹xìª (ÍÚÛ\è¶ Ñû¦oìª) ÍE. ÍÚÛ\è¶ ÑÙç¶ ú£J-êŸêÁ ÷«æ°xè¶ Í÷-Ú¥øŒÙ ö¶ë]ª.

ÍÙç¶ ÏÚÛ\è[ Íô¢nÙ, û¶ìª Î ÷²JÚ¨ îµü‹xìû¶ Ú¥ÚÛªÙè¯ Î ÒJ ÞœªJÙ# û¦ÚÛª êµõªú£ª ÍE ÚÛ«è¯. a) Smitha: Do you know Mumbai well?

(FÚÛª ÷³Ùò°ô³ ò°Þ¥ êµõªþ§?) b) Sridhar: Oh, Yes. I have been there a number of times.

(Î Òô¢ª û¦ÚÛª ò°Þ¥ êµõªú£ª. û¶ì-ÚÛ\è…Ú¨ à¦ö°-þ§ô¢ªx îµü‹xìª.) Ð ‘êµõªú£ª’ Íû¶ Íô¢nÙêÁ NªÞœê¦ subjects ÚÛ«è¯ î¦è[-÷àŸªa. Mithun: How familiar is he with Chennai? familiar= Mittal: He has been there a number of times.

(ÎóŸªìÚÛª àµûµjo ÓÙêŸ ò°Þ¥ êµõªú£ª? êµLú‡ ÑÙè[è[Ù/ í£J-àŸóŸªÙ ÑÙè[è[Ù)

(ÎóŸªì ÍÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ à¦ö°-þ§ô¢ªx îµü‹xè[ª– ÍÙç¶ ÎóŸª-ìÚÛª Î Òô¢ª ÞœªJÙ# ò°Þ¥ êµõªú£ª ÍE) Mithun: Have you ever been to Chennai?

(ìªîµy-í£±p-èµjû¦ àµûµjo îµü‹xî¦?– ÏÚÛ\è[ ÚÛ«è¯ Have you gone ÚÛÙç¶ Have you been î¦è[è[Ù ÷ªÙ#C.) Mittal: I haven't (have not) been there so far

. (û¶ìª ÍÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ ÏÙêŸ-÷-ô¢ÚÛª îµüŒx-ö¶ë]ª.) 'have gone'/ 'has gone'- îµRx-ð¼-óŸ«ô¢ª Íû¶ Íô¢nÙ ÷«vêŸî¶ª ÷ú£ªhÙC. îµRx AJ-T-÷-#aì í£J-ú‡nA ÞœªJÙ# àµí£pë]ª. Suneel: I returned from Delhi the day before. ( ) Sumanth: Why did you go there at all? When did you go there?

û¶ìª èÅ…Mx ìªÙ# îµ³ìo AJT ÷à¦aìª.

(Íú£õª ÍÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ ÓÙë]ªÚÛª îµü‹x÷±?

ÚÛKÙ: ìª÷±y Ð ÷ªëÅ]u áóŸª-ÚÛª-÷«ôÂìª Ôiû¦ ÚÛõªú£ª-ÚÛª-û¦oî¦? ô¢N: ö¶ë]ª. î¦è…-í£±pè[ª ÷³Ùò°ô³ö˺ Ñû¦oè[ª. ÚÛKÙ: ìªîµy-í£±p-è[-ô³û¦ ÷³Ùò°ô³ îµü‹xî¦? ô¢N: à¦ö°-þ§ô¢ªx îµü‹xìª. ÷ªJ ìª÷±y? ÚÛKÙ: ÏÙêŸ-÷-ô¢ÚÛª îµüŒx-ö¶ë]ª. Íú£õª û¶ìª šïj°ë]ô¦ò°ë¶ îµüŒx-ö¶ë]ª. 2) ú£ª÷ªÙêÂ: Oª û¦ìo-Þ¥-·ô-ÚÛ\è[? ú£ªFöËÀ: ñóŸª-æ¨-·Ú-ü‹xô¢ª. ú£ª÷ªÙêÂ: ÓÚÛ\-è…-·Ú-ü‹xô¢ª? ú£ªFöËÀ: î¦üŒx všíÆÙè ÏÙæ¨Ú¨. ú£ª÷ªÙêÂ: ÓÙêŸ-›ú-í£-ô³ÙC ñóŸª-æ¨-·ÚRx? (has been ÷«vêŸî¶ª î¦è[Ùè…) ú£ªFöËÀ: Íô¢-ÞœÙå Answers: 1) Karim: Ravi, you were not at home yesterday. Where did you go? Ravi: Yesterday was my sister's birthday. I went to her place. Karim: Have you met Jayakumar, of late? Ravi: No. He is in Mumbai Karim: Have you ever been to Mumbai? (ever Ravi: I have been there a number of times. What about you? Karim: I haven't (have not) been there so far. I haven't been even to Hyderabad. (even 2) Sumanth: Where's (where is) your father? Sunil: He has gone out. Sumanth: Where did he go? Sunil: He went to his friend's. (friend's= friend's house friend's home friend's best) Sumanth: How long has he been out? Sunil: He has been out for half an hour now.

= Óí£±p-èµjû¦)

= ÚÛ«è¯)

ÍìÙ. ÍÙç¶

všíÆÙè ÏÙæ¨Ú¨. íÆ£ô¦y-ö¶ë]ª.