Aug ('06)-1 - Spoken English

í∫’®Ω’¢√®Ωç 3 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2006

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

Pratibha: Hi Mahima. How glad I am to see you! How is everybody in your village?

(áçûª ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖØ√oØÓ E†’o îª÷úøí¬ØË, O’ Ü∞x Åçü¿®Ω÷ ᙫ ÖØ√o®Ω’?) Mahima: We are all OK. Thank you. How are you? Pratibha: Fine too. Thank you. What news? Did the local body elections go off well in your place?

(èπ◊™«≤ƒØË. Thank you. àçöÀ N¨Ï-≥ƒ©’? ≤ƒnEéπ áEo-éπ-™„™« ïJ-í¬®· O’ Ü∞x?) Mahima: Didn't you read about them all in the papers? What did you watch on the TV? (

°ævA-éπ™x îªü¿-´-™‰ü∆ ¢√ô-EoçöÀ í∫’Jç*? TV ™ àç îª÷¨»´¤?) Pratibha: I did, of course. But it is different to hear about them from one like you on the scene. (îªC-¢√†’, îª÷¨»††’éÓ. é¬E Ææç°∂æ’-ô† Ææn©ç™ Ö†o F™«çöÀ ¢√∞¡x ü¿í∫_-®Ω-†’ç* N†ôç ¢ËÍ®.) Mahima: Get me some water first. Pratibha: Have some coffee too. (

é¬Ææh

coffee

report sentence word order statement word order report sentences word order statement word order report

îËÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’ N’í∫û√ ÅEo ®Ω鬩 †’ ™éÀ ´÷®Ω’-≤ƒh-´’E ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊Ø√oç. ÉC î√™« îËÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’. Å®·ûË î√™«-´’çC ´·êuç í∫’Jç*, ¢√öÀE §ƒ®∏Ω-èπ◊©’ ™éÀ ᙫ ´÷®√aL ÅE Åúø’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. ÉC ûÁL-ߪ’-éπ-§ÚûË îËߪ’ôç Å≤ƒüµ¿uç. Ñ sentence ®Ω鬩’, Ææç•ç-Cµûª N´-®√-©†’ spoken English -É-C-´®Ωéπ-öÀ lessons ™ î√™« N´-®Ωçí¬ ûÁL§ƒç. î√™«-´’çC Ç lessons miss Åߪ·uç-ö«-®ΩØË ÖüËl-¨¡çûÓ É°æ¤púø’ ´’S} N´J-Ææ’hØ√oç. í∫´’-Eç* í∫’®Ω’hç--éÓçúÕ. ûÁ©’-í∫’-¢√-éπuç™ à ´÷ô áéπ\-úø’Ø√o Å®Ωnç ´÷®Ωü¿’. ®√´·úø’ ®√´ù’úÕE îªç§ƒúø’– Ñ ¢√éπu¢Ë’ BÆæ’-èπ◊çü∆ç. DE™ à ´÷ô áéπ\-úø Öç*Ø√ Å®Ωnç ´÷®Ωü¿’. ®√´ù’úÕE ®√´·úø’ îªç§ƒúø’/ îªç§ƒúø’ ®√´·úø’ ®√´-ù’-úÕE– É™« ´÷ô-©†’ ¢√éπuç™ ᙫ ´÷JaØ√ Å®Ωnç ´÷®Ωü¿’ éπü∆. -É°æ¤p-úø’ English ™ try îËߪ’çúÕ: Å™«

Rama killed Ravana-

îª÷¨»®Ω’ éπü∆: , ûª®√y-ûª ´·ç-ü¿’

Éçü¿’™ É™« ™ È®çúø’ ´‚úø’ ´÷ô-©’çõ‰ N’í∫û√ ¢Á·ü¿öÀ ´÷ô†’ Åçö«ç. 鬕öÀd ´÷ô-©†’

äÍé Å®Ωnç É´y-éπ-§Úí¬ ´uAÍ®éπ Å®√n-©-E-Ææ’h-Ø√o®· éπü∆.

ii) Where are they going?Where (Wh word) + are (helping verb) + they (subject) + going (main verb)

Åçõ‰ M. SURESAN

question

π◊ 4 word orders ÖØ√o®·:

i) Verb + Subject ii) Helping verb + Subject + Main verb

These politicians, oh, God! Åçü¿’-éπE English sentences ™ à ´÷ô Öçú≈-Lq† îÓô ÅC Öçú≈L. îÓô’-´÷-JûË Å®Ωnç I'm happy they are all over. Oh, what ´÷J-§Ú-ûª’çC. Word order (´÷ô© Å´’-Jéπ) have we been through! You just can't î√™« ´·êuç. ÅC îª÷ü∆lç É°æ¤púø’. imagine. English ™ 4 ®Ω鬩 sentences ¢√úøû√ç. (áEo-éπ-©-®·-§Ú-ߪ÷-ߪ’E ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖçC. ´÷N ᙫçöÀ ņ’-¶µº-¢√™ †’´¤y Ü£œ«çîª- 1. Statement (äéπ N≠æߪ’ç ûÁLÊ° sentence)ÉC™« Öçô’çC/ ÅC Å™« îÁߪ÷uL ™‰´¤) ™«çöÀ Å®√n-©ûÓ Pratibha: That's why I asked you to tell me 2. Questions: ÉN Åçü¿-Jéà ûÁ©’Ææ’– v°æ¨¡o©’– about them. È®çúø’ ®Ω鬩’: (Åçü¿’-éπØË éπü∆ E†’o îÁ§ƒp-©çC) Mahima: Thank you. Now about the elections.

Mahima: Many people didnot find their names on the voter lists. Liquor flowed freely. Money- lots of it- passed hands. There were group clashes and faction fights. We passed through the worst of the tension. (

î√™«-´’çC Ê°®Ω’x ãô®Ωx ñ«G-û√™ ™‰´¤. ´’ü¿uç üµ∆®√-∞¡çí¬ §ƒJçC. °-ü¿l-¢Á·-ûªhç™ úø•’s îËûª’©’ ´÷JçC. ´®Ω_-§Ú-®√-ö«©÷ ïJ-í¬®·. î√™« tension ņ’¶µº-Nçî√ç) Pratibha: We pride on being a democratic Country. (´’†ç àüÓ v°æñ«-≤ƒy´’u ü˨¡-´’E í∫®Ωy°æ-úøû√ç) Mahima: These politicians, oh, God! (

Ñ ®√ï-éÃߪ’ Ø√ߪ’-èπ◊©’ î√©’. üË´¤-úÓß˝’!) ´’†ç Éçûª-´-®Ωèπ◊ Imperative structures,

a) 'Wh' questions - What, Which, Where, When, Why, Who, Whom, Whose and how Wh 'Wh' Words

™«çöÀ v°æ¨»o-®Ωnéπ °æü∆©’– É´Fo ¢Á·ü¿-©-´¤-û√®· 鬕öÀd– OöÀE Åçö«ç.

b) Non 'Wh' questions- 'Wh' words questions. 3. Imperative sentences:

Åúø-í∫-ö«©÷ ûÁLÊ° 4. Exclamations:

sentences.

Ǩ¡a-®√uEo, £æ«®∏√-ü∆s¥-¢√-©†÷

ûÁL-Ê°N: Let us now study the word order in each of the four types of sentences and how they can be changed into the statement word order. (This is very important for Reporting, direct speech). 1) Statement: Statement word order: Subject + verb. statement Subject

mations report

a) He is a singer - word order-

Spoken English

Very important: Wh questions Wh questions subject helping verb questions

verb

™ á°æ¤púø÷ ´≤ƒh®·. É°æ¤púø’ îª÷úøçúÕ:

He (Subject) + is (verb) + ...

Kamala to Karuna: Sita came here yesterday (statement) Report: a) Kamala says to Karuna that Sita came there yesterday (Reporting verb - Present tense) b) Kamala told Karuna that Sita had come yesterday. report wh + 2) 'wh' question verb + subject/ wh + helping verb + subject + main verb wh word + subject + verb structure

îËÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’,

†’, ™éÀ ´÷Í®a≤ƒhç.

3) Imperative sentences imperative part to

†’ report îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊, ´·çü¿’ °öÀd infinitive îË≤ƒhç. 4) Exclamations †’ report îËÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’ ¢√öÀE ´·çü¿’ statement word order™éÀ ´÷Ja, statement ™«í¬ that ûÓ report v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµ≤ƒhç. Exclamation: a) How well she sings!

(Ç¢Á’ áçûª ¶«í¬ §ƒúø’-ûª’çüÓ!) ÉüË Å®ΩnçûÓ DEo statement í¬ ´÷®Ωaôç: She sings very well.

(Ç¢Á’ î√™« ¶«í¬ §ƒúø’-ûª’çC.) b) Exclamation: How tall he is!

™í¬F, Non ™í¬F á°æ¤púø÷, verb ûª®√-ûªy-í¬F ´≤ÚhçC éπü∆. É™«Íí Åúø-í¬L. Å°æ¤púË correct.

Exercise: Report the conversation at the beginning of this lesson.

3) Imperative sentences:

É´Fo Çïc©’, Ŷµºu-®Ωn-†©÷ ûÁL-Ê°N– eg: a) come in ( =you come in) = (Asking)

-v°æ-¨¡o:

b) Please help me (you please come in- request)

What is the difference between ..

c) Get out (you get out) - order.

a) The Eenadu was published first from Vizag.

subject 'you'

(Oô-Eoç-öÀéà ´C-™‰≤ƒhç)

ØË. ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬

b) The Eenadu was published first in Vizag. c) The Eenadu was first published in Vizag.

4) Exclamations: What (Wh word) + a fool (noun) + you (sub) + are (verb)

-ï-¢√-•’:

c) How well he plays! How (Wh word) + well (adv) + he (sub) + plays (verb) 4 kinds of sentences word order Statement

– G. £æ«†’-´’çûª®√´¤, ´÷Ωx.

Ç ´‚úø’ ¢√é¬u™x The Eenadu was published from Vizag ÅØËC éπÈ®é˙d. N’í∫û√ È®çúø÷ ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. publish Åçõ‰ v°æ-Jçîªôç – Åçõ‰ °ævA-éπ© N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ ¢Á©’-´-úøôç ÅE Å®Ωnç. °ævA-éπ©’ -äéπ-îÓ-ô ´·vü¿ù Å®·-†°æp-öÀéÃ, Åéπ\úÕ †’ç* N’í∫û√îÓôxèπ◊ ¢Á∞¡-û√®· 鬕öÀd published from Åçö«®Ω’.

b) How good he is! - How (Wh word) + good (adj) + he (sub) + is (verb)

Subject + Verb

Word Order in ..

statements, questions ('wh', non-wh), excla-

îÁ°æpôç) îª÷¨»ç.

iv) Wh word+Helping verb+Subject+Main verb

a) What a fool you are!

™‰E

Çïc©÷, Ŷµºu-®Ωn-†©÷,

Åçõ‰ ´·çü¿÷, ûª®Ω-¢√ûª

îËߪ’ôç (Indirect speech ™

ûÓ

Method of reporting: 1) statement

(ÅûªØÁçûª §Òúø’íÓ!) ÉüË Å®ΩnçûÓ DEéÀ statement form: He is very tall. (Åûªúø’ î√™« §Òúø’í∫’)

iii) Wh word + Verb + Subject

ûª®√y-ûª-í¬F, ´’†ç

†’

†’

†’

Ñ

Ravana killed Rama -

Direct speech report quesstatement order report tion subject verb Imperative sentence to Exclamation statement report

´’†ç

îËÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’, ™ îË≤ƒhç. Åçõ‰ ™ ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬ †’ ´·çü¿ ® Ω °úø û √ç. ´≤ƒh®·. ´·çü¿’ °öÀd v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµ≤ƒhç. †’ ´·çü¿’ í¬ ´÷Ja îË≤ƒhç.

question word order: i) Where are they? Where (Wh word) + are (verb) + they (subject)

ÉD,

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 193

b) They play well They (Subject) + play (verb) + .. Statement subject verb 2 a) Non Wh question: i) Is he a singer? [Is (verb) + he (Subject) + ...] verb, Are playii) Are they playingingverb helping verb, main verb Are they playing? Word order: Are (helping verb) + they (subject)+ playing? (main verb) 2 b) Wh questions:

Ñ ¢√éπuç™ Ñ ´÷ô© îÓôx†’ ´÷®ΩaçúÕ– Å®Ωnç ᙫ ´÷J-§Ú-ûª’çüÓ O’Íé ûÁ©’-Ææ’hçC. Rama killed Ravana -

èπÿú≈ BÆæ’éÓ)

2

Ææ÷n©çí¬:

Question

Imperative sentence

1) Verb + Subject

You (subject

2) Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb

verb.

3) Wh word + Verb + Subject 4) Wh word + Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb

Exclamation

Wh word + noun/ adjective/ adverb + verb sub + verb.

îÁ°æpç) +

≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬ ´·çü¿’ éπE-°œ-Ææ’hçC. Question ™-™« é¬èπ◊çú≈ You á°æ¤púø÷ subject. Ééπ\úø sentence *´®Ω N†-°æ-úøü¿’ ü∆ü∆°æ¤. verb ¢√úøû√ç.

-§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm