wa&GUa&GUvmacsNyDav ukdvif;(pufrSKwuUokdvf)
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 96
[m
o 0 w¦
K
wkd
NyKd
if
yGJ
t rS wf ( 6 qk
9
)
ES
pf
od
rfh
rkwo f rHk ;dk ESihf twl tmqD ,H touf (18)ES p f a tmuf vl i,frsm; yxrtBudrf abmvkH; NyKid yf BJG u;D pwifcyJh gNy/D ukid ,fav; wkdY &yfuGufxJrSmawmh ae&m wumabmvH;k jzpfaeonf/vuf zuf&nfqkdifrSmvnf; abmvkH;? t&ufqid k rf mS vnf;abmvk;H ?uek u f ek f ajym&&if ema&;tdrfrSmawmif ykdumqJG&if; abmvHk;taMumif; jzpfaeonf/ ,l-18 jrefrmabm vHk;toif;uvnf; txl;ajcpGrf; jyNyD; tkyfpkyxrjzifh qDrD;zkdife,f wufoGm;jyDjzpfojzifh ykdíajym tm;aumif;aeMuonf/ ,aeY n ae oH k ; em&D c G J r S m jrefrmESihf AD,uferf tBuKd Av dk v f k yJG upm;Murnfjzpfojzifh aeYvnf 2 em&Dausmfuwnf;u ukdi,f av;wpfa,muf vrf;xdyfvuf zuf&nfqkdifbuf xGufvm cJhonf/ rdef;ru tdrfrSmyif Munhf&ef ajymao;aomfvnf; abmvkH;uefwmukd avuef&if; Munhrf S t&omyk&d o dS nf[k ,lq um vufzuf&nf qkid b f ufxu G f vmjcif;jzpfonf/ vufzuf&nf qkdifwGif vlawmfawmfyif rsm;ae ygNy/D tpnf;ta0;vkyw f mqk&d if tpnf;ta0;txajrmufaMumif; aMumnm&rnfhtqifh a&mufae ygNyD/ a&mufESifhNyD;aom ukdausmf atmifESifh rav;ausmfwkdY 0dkif; rSmyif ukdi,fav; 0ifxkdifvkduf onf/ olwkdY&yfuGufxJrSm ausmf ausmfawGrsm;vGef;ojzifh rav; &Sm;u jyefvmaomausmaf usmu f dk rav; ausmf? abmcGJxm;&aom
ausmaf usmu f dk abmausm?f t&uf rl;vmvQif tjrJ aMumifoH xGuf ay:vmaom ausmf a usmf u k d aMumifausmf[k 0daooav;rsm; jyKxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ rav; ausmfu ukdi,fav;ukd xkdififzkdY ckHvSrf;ay;&if;rS pum;ponf/ ]udkausmfatmif uRefawmf nu tdyfrufxJrSm jrefrmabm vH;k avmu y½kt d qifh a&mufomG ; NyD; t&rf;wkd;wufaew,f/ tJ'D abmvk;H yGaJ wG vku d Mf unh&f wJh t aMumif;awG rufw,fAs}} ukid ,fav;u ]]abmvk;H yG&J dS wJh&ufrSm pdwfpGJ&if 'gyJ rufrSm ayghuG}}[k 0ifajymonf/ rav; ausmu f ]r[kwb f ;l a&a&vnfvnf ukd tqifhjrifhw,fAs} udkausmf atmifu ]bmvJ awmifay:wuf rufwmvm;? xrif;vkH;wapäae rSmaygh} [k 0ifavmifvkdufonf/ rav;ausmfu a&aEG;Murf;wpf cGuu f ek af tmifaomufvu dk Nf y;D rS]]tdyfrufxJrSm jrefrmabm vkH;avmu y½kdtqifha&mufae NyDAs? awmifBuD;at;,m,mrSm at*suaf t;om,mqkNd y;D vli,f abmvkH;oifwef;ausmif;BuD; zGifh xm;wmAs? at*suaf t;om,m uvnf; tm&SuvyfcsefyD,HvkyGJ rSm qDrD;xdwufoGm;NyD/ toif; om;(3)a,mufavmufukdvnf; *syefuvyfawGeJY refcsufpwm pD;wD;uvyfu &&SdzkdYtNyKdifvkduf aeMuwmAs}} ]]rif;tdyfrufu w,f[kwf
ygvm;uG? igwkdY rEÅav;rSma&m uvyfawG? bmawG r&Sdbl;vm; uG}}[k ab;0kdif;rS rEÅav;om; ukjd rOD;u 0ifaxmufonf/ ]][m &SdwmayghAs? rEÅav; rSmuESpo f if;? bmwJh &D;&JrEÅav; eJY tufowDurdk EÅav;?rk&H mG vnf; ESpo f if;yJAs/ atpDr&kH mG eJY tifwm rkH&GmAs}} ukdausmfatmifu Mum; jzwfí/ ]]&efuek rf mS a&mAsm}} ]]uReaf wmfh tdyrf ufu pepf wusrufwmAs? &efukefu NrKdU awmfavAsm? vef'efvydk aJ ygh? vef 'efNrKdUu abmvkH;oif;awGu NrKdU emrnfxnfhNyD; rrSnfhovkdbJ? &efukefrSmvnf; toif;okH;oif; awmh &Sdygw,f/ NrKdUemrnfxnfh rrSnb hf ;l As}} ]]'gqkd bmemrnfawGev YJ J As}} uk d i ,f a v;u pd w f r &S n f b J 0ifar;onf/ rav;ausmfu ]]ykdY aqmifqufoG,fa&;toif;u onfx&def;? rD;&xm;BuD;ayghAsm? b@mtcGefuawmh umpwrfyJ As? wyfrawmf(Munf;)eJY umuG,f
\
a&;aygif;NyD; tmqife,f? t ajrmufBu;D rsm;ayghAsm}}a&aEG;Murf; wpfcu G rf w I af omufvu dk Nf y;D rS]]tJ'g jynfwGif;trSwfay; NyKdifyGJrSm tNyKdifjzpfaewJh tmqif e,feJY &D;&J rEÅav;yGJoGm;Munhf& wmAs/ &D;&J rEÅav;uvnf; &D r,f'u dk dk atpDrv D efuae ajymif; a&TUaMu;tvGwfeJY&vkdY ac:xm; wmAs}} ukdausmfatmifu Mum; jzwfí ]]rif;tdyrf ufu vGev f eG ;f NyDxifw,fuGm? ajymif;a&TUaMu; tvGwf&awmif vcu aps;BuD; rSmuG}} rav;ausmu f ]]tdyfrufxJrSm &DA,f'dkeJY awGUqkjH cif;awmif ygao;w,f As? vcr,l y gbl ; ? xef ; &nf t 0 wkduf&r,f? yJjyKwfeJY xrif;t0 auR;&if awmfygNyw D }hJ } ]]abmvkH;yGJvmNyD}} qkdif&Sif tnmom;u atmf&if; wDADGukd toHcsJUvkdufojzifh pum;jywf oGm;Muonf/ Ä Ä Ä 'kwd,ykdif; jyefpNyD; jrefrm u wpf*kd; &xm;NyD jzpfonf/ tnmom;u abmvkH;yGJMunhfae &if; ]ukdausmfatmif? wDADu aMunmaewJh vlawGu wpfaeY eJw Y pfaeYrwlb;l vm;As}?]]vlajymif; vm;} ]]bmjzpfvv Ydk AJ s}}? ]]aMomf.. pifumyleYJ wpf*;dk ? wpf*;dk oa&us wkef;u abmorm;awGay: a0 zefwmeJY tckaemufykdif; a0zef o if: Ydk g}}?]]*k;d ..*k;d }}jrefrm ]ymif: wmawGrwlvy axGv abmvk;H toif; 'kw, d *k;d &oGm; NyD 98 jzpf o nf / wpf q k d i f v k H ; vnf ;
aa m m
qlnHaeNyD; ig;rdepfcefYMumrS jyef NidrfoGm;Muonf/ vufzuf&nf qkdifrS tnmom;rdef;rrat;u ab;wGif acwå&yfMunhfae&if;rS ]]a&oefYaMumfjimuawmh ykdufqH awmfawmfay;&r,faemf}} [k olY a,mufsm;ukd vSnfhajymvkduf onf/ tnmom;u abmvkH;yGJ Munhrf ysub f }J } ]]bmjzpfvv Ydk [ J }}[k jyefar; onf/ tnmolru ]]vlwpf a,mufa,muf xdcu dk o f mG ;wmeYJ em&DpifBuD;ab;u aomufa& oefYaMumfjimukdyJ vSrf;xkd;ay;ae wm rawGUbl;vm;? uGif;xJukd awmif a&oefYbl;awGMuJaeao; w,fav}} ]]&T;D ..&T;D ...&T;D }}
]]a[;? AkdvfvkyGJwufoGm;NyD uG}} ]]EkdifNyDuG? ig;rl;EkdifNyD}} yJjyKwfonf a':Munfu ]atmifrav;[Jh ig;rl;Ekdifwm x ckefaew,f? olrsm;vkd ig;axmif? wpfaomif;awGrsm; Ekdif&if b,fh ES,faer,f rodbl;}[k rSwfcsuf ay;onf/ vlawGtm;vk;H aysm&f iT f pGm xukefMuNyD jzpfonf/ ]]OD;av;jr? AkdvfvkyGJaeY jrefrmy&dowf bm0wf&rvJAs}} ukid ,fav;u &yfuu G x f rJ aS A'if rawmufwacgufwwfNyD; q&m BuD; t&rf;vkyfaom OD;av;jrukd vSrf;ajymonf/ OD;av;jru jyef vSnfhvmNyD;rS ]]teDyJjzpfzkdYawmh rsm;w,fuG? NyKdifzuftoif; ao
]]wpfa,mufew YJ pfa,muf vTc J sraeygeJ?Y &moDOwkuvnf; tm;upm;orm;tBuKduf &moDOwkav;ygyJ/ uRefawmft h xifajym&&ifawmh tJ'gav;awG jyKjyifzYdk vkd aeygao;w,fcifAsm}}
aocsmcsm odNyD;rS xyfwGufNyD; ajymr,fav}} ukdausmfatmifu ]]NyD;cJhwJh ,ltD;tufat AkdvfvkyGJ qJwpfeJY ay:wkduefwkef;u tm; vyfcsdefrSm uGif;xJ0ifvmNyD; ywf ajy;aewJh ,leDazmif;rsKd;0wf&rSm As OD;av;jr&}} ]]tJ'gawmh igrodvkdufbl; avuGm? aA'ifoabmeJYukduf&if awmh &ygw,f? oGm;vkdufOD;r,f a[h? bk&m;0wfwufp&m&Sdao; vkdY}} qkdNyD; xGufoGm;avonf/ trSefu ukdausmfatmif ajym onfrSm ukd,fwkH;vkH;jzifh avQmuf ajy;aeaom y&dowfwpfOD;ukd ajymjcif;jzpfonf/ rav;ausmu f ]]ukad usmaf tmif? jrefrmwk&Yd UJ atmifyu JG dk *kPjf yKwt hJ aeeJY qkid f opfudk oGm;&atmifav}[kpum; ponf/ ukdi,fav;u ]pifumyl eJY oa&uswJhaeYuvnf; rif;rl; aewmygyJumG }}[k0ifavmifonf/ rav;ausmu f ]]tJ'DaeYu pdwfraumif; jzpfvyYkd gAsm}}[k jyefponf/ ukdausmfatmifu ]]vmyg Asm? vlBuD;awGvnf; odukefygNyD/ wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf vTJcsr aeygeJY? &moDOwkuvnf; tm; upm;orm;tBuKduf &moDOwk av;ygyJ/ uRefawmfhtxifajym& &ifawmh tJ'gav;awG jyKjyifzYdk vkd aeygao;w,fcifAsm}}[k jrefrmh toHraS bmvk;H yGaJ MunmolwpfO;D \ avoHjzifh OD;aqmifum qkdif opft&ufqidk o f Ydk csw D ufcMhJ uav onf/ t&ufqkdif a&mufaom
tcg olwkdYt&if a&mufaeaom OD;av;jr\ ]t[J? ysif;wmeJY}[k EIwq f ufjcif;ukd cH&avonf/ Ä Ä Ä aemufwpfaeY vufzuf &nfqkdifrSm owif;pmukd [kdvSef 'DveS jf zifh pdraf jyeajyzwfaeaom ukdi,fav;ukd awGU&avonf/ awGUwJhvlwkdif;u ]]ukdi,fav;? qkdifrxGufbl;vm;}} [kar;vQif ukdi,fav;u jyHK;jyHK;BuD;vkyfNyD;rS ]]jref r mtoif ; atmif j rif r I u k d *kPfjyKwJhtaeeJY? 'DaeY tvkyf wpf&ufem;w,fAsm}}qkNd y;D a&aEG; Murf;ukd wpfcGufNyD;wpfcGuf rIwf aomufaeavonf/ trSerf mS ukd i,fav;u a&cJjcpfa&mif;wm jzpfNyD; rkd;awGuvnf; wtm;tkHY? nuvnf; ukdausmfatmifwkdY r av;ausmw f eYdk aYJ bmvk;H yGt J aMumif; pjrKH Ujyef&if;t&ufaomufwmrsm; oGm;vkdY t&ufemuvnf; usae ojzifh qkdifrxGufjzpfjcif;yg/ aeY v,faeBuD;yGifhvmawmh ukdi,f av;rde;f ru ]reufzufr;dk av;tkYH wmeJY ysif;NyD;qkdifrxGuf? t&uf qkdifoGm;? uRefr aps;a&mif;wm wpfckyJ tm;udk;raeeJY}} bmnm avQmufajymaeojzifh ukd,fi,f av;wpfa,muf vrf;xdyfjyef xGufvm&if; tif; igawmh vluRH abmrdjyefNyD[k awG;&if; pdwfr aumif;jzpfaerdavonf/ Ä Ä Ä AkdvfvkyGJaeY reuf/ tnm om;vufzuf&nfqkdifrSm vlpkHae NyDjzpfonf/ ]]rif;u 'DaeYvnf;
uGif;oGm;MunhfrSmvm;}} ukdi,f av;u abmausmfukd ar;vkduf jcif; jzpfonf/ abmausmfu ]]uGi;f oGm;Munhrf mS ayghAs?uGi;f oGm; MunhfrS [wfxdwm}} ukdausmf atmifu ]]uGi;f rSm oGm;Munh&f wJh cHpm;csufav;}}qkdNyD; tifwmAsL; ykHpH 0ifaemufonf/ abmausmf u rqkid ;f rwGbJ ]]uGi;f oGm;Munhf w,fAsm?tok;H rus&ifqw J ,fAsm? abmvkH;orm;awG Mum;w,f av/ puFmyleJY aeYu tdrfrSmyJ Munhw f ,f/ tdrrf mS qkad wmh qJvYdk r&bl;? 'gawmif ]][m 'Daumif wkHYaES; wkHYaES;eJY}} vkdY atmfwm a,mufzu olYapmif;ajymw,f xifNyD; rMunfbl;/ aemufwpf aumifukd ]]'DaumifuGm touf ujzifh aocgeD;aeNyD? 'Davmuf awmif em;rvnfb;l vm;uGm}}vkYd atmfjyefawmh a,mu©rtxD;Bu;D u rsuaf xmufeBD u;D eJY vSnMhf unhf wmAs? tJ'Dawmh uGif;oGm;Munhf wm tm½kHrrsm;awmhbl;aygh}}[k tm;&yg;& ajymaeonf/ukad usmf atmifwkdYuawmh qm;(pf)a&m*g umuG,f&if; jrefrmtoif;ukd tm;ay;&ef[kqkdum ESmacgif;ESifh yg;pyf ydwfaom t0wfprsm; t jrefvu dk &f mS Ny;D ? aq;qk;d yef;½ku d f jzifh jref r mcsef y D , H [ l a om pum; vkH;ukd t*Fvdyfvkd ½kdufESdyfNyD; ESm acgif;ESihf yg;pyf ydwNf y;D oGm;Munhf &ef pDpOfaeMuavonf/ Ä Ä Ä Akv d v f yk BJG u;D a&mufygNy/D ukd ausmaf tmifvnf; ok0PÖuiG ;f rSm
\
oGm;rMunhjf zpfojzifh ukid ,fav;? abmausm?f rav;ausmw f EYdk iS t hf wl tajctaeESihf tcsed t f cgt&(rk;d &Gm?naevnf;apmif;NyjD zpfojzif)h jrifah qG\ t&ufqidk rf mS yif Munfh Mu&ef oabmwlMuavonf/ jrifah qGu, dk w f idk u f ]ukad usmaf tmif wkdY vmMunhfr,fqkd&if twGif; cef;xJu wDADGBuD; qkdifa&SUxkwf xm;r,fav}} [k zdwfac:xm; wmvnf;ygygonf/ 'gawmif jrifhaqGrdef;ru ]]vlawG trsm; BuD;Munhf&if wDADGrD;vkH;usoGm;OD; r,f}}qku d m wDAx GD w k rf jybl; vkyf aeojzifh tmaygufrwwfajymNy;D rS qkdifa&SU xkwfxm;&jcif; jzpf onf/ ]][ef0if;atmifu rmvqD jzwfay;w,f?rmv&oGm;NycD ifAs? rav;aemufwef;vl0ifuyfw,f/ rmvb,fudk ajca,mifav;jyNy;D nmqGJw,f? ygw,fcifAs/ wpf a,mufvrd w f ,f?&w,f?uefwif vkdufNyD xGef;rif;OD;acgif;wkduf trav;av; *k;d bm;wef;ay:u
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 100
yGwfumoDumav; ausmfxGuf oGm;ygw,fcifAsm/ jrefrmvli,f av;awGtaeeJY wpfzuf*;dk a&SUrSm acgif;wkdufwJhtcg? *kd;xJukd 0if atmif owdxm;vkduf&rSmygcif Asm? owdjyKp&mav;awGayghcif Asm}} abmvkH;yGJ rpao;yg/ abm ausmyf g;pyfrw S wGww f w G &f w G &f if; qkdifxJ 0ifvmNyD; udkausmfatmif wkdY pm;yGJrSm 0ifxkdifvdkufygonf ]]ukdausmfatmif 'DaeY usL &Sif r&Sdbl;vm;As}} ]]ajcmufem&Dawmh wpfcsdef &Sw d ,f/ ausmif;om;vnf; vm rSm r[k w f y gbl ; ? tm;vk H ; wD A D G a &S U a&mufaerSmyg/ q&muvnf; ysif;aewmeJY tawmfygyJ/ abm vkH;yGJMunhf&wmayghAsm}} ukdausmf atmifu ausmif;om;awG w u,fvm&ifyJ pmoGm;oifrvkdvkd ajymaeao;onf/ ukid ,fav;u ]][ rif;vufxJu tDvJAif;tm; upm;*sme,ftxl;xkwyf gvm;uG? txl;xkwq f adk wmh bmawGx;l o vJuG}} abmausmfu ]]rqkd;ygbl;?
tzkH;u ESpfxyf jzpfoGm;w,fAs}} ]]abmvkH;yGJvmNyD? toHcsJU vku d af wmh}} jrifah qGtoH ay:vm onf/ Ä Ä Ä AkdvfvkyGJrSm jrefrm vli,f toif;u rav;&Sm; vli,f toif;ukd av;*kd;*kd; r&Sdojzifh xkdufxkdufwefwef tEkdif&&SdoGm; ygNy/D ukad usmaf tmifu]]ukdi,fav; rl;aeNyDawmf awmh? jyefMu&atmif}} ]]yg;yg;av;}} ]]yg;yg;av;}} ukid ,fav;u aMumfjimrif; om;pwkdifjzifh t&ufxyfawmif; aeonf/ rav;ausmfu ]jrefrm abmvkH;avmu wkd;wufvmNyD vkdY qkdEkdifwmayghaemf ukdausmf atmif}} ]]tif; wa&GUa&GU vmacsNyD ayghAsm}} ukid ,fav;u]][kww f ,f wa&GUa&GU vmacsNyaD v? yifv,f ukdjzwfoef;}}qkdNyD; acgif;ikdufpkduf usaeojzif.h . ]]uJ- jyefMur,f}} qkdNyD; ukd ausmfatmifESifh rav;ausmfu ukdi,fav;ukd t&ifvkdufykdYMu onf/ ukid ,fav;uwpfvrf;vk;H ]]wa&GUa&GU vmacsNyDav}}vkyf vm&m olrY ed ;f r qD;a[mufryS if toHwdwfoGm;avonf/ ]]wa&GU a&GUvmraeeJY tjrefvm? &Sifhukd awGUcsifvkdY r[kwfbl;? uav;ae raumif;vkdY aq;cef;jyrvkdY[m qkid rf mS vlr&Sv d Ydk roGm;&ao;bl;}} ukdvif;(pufrIwuúokdvf)
pmrJhumwGef;(90) qkaiG- 1000d^❑ pl;prf;&SmazGwJh olwkdYESpfa,muf ❑ tMuHuawmh plygygyJ... ❑ 'gayr,fh olwkdYESpfa,muf xifxm;ovkd rSef;csufeJY erf;xGufukdufyghrvm;... ❑ ukdufw,f? rudkufbl;qdkwmukdawmh NyKdifyGJ0ifrsm; qkH;jzwfay;Muyg... cif r if p G m ... umwG e f ; apmrif ; a0
1/ puúLjzKay:wGif (6''_4'') t&G,f rifeufjzifh aoaooyfoyf a&;qGJEkdifonf/cJjzifhra&;&yg/ 2/ ykw H idk ;f \axmifw h iG f uavmiftrnf? ausmzufwiG f qufo, G &f rnfv h yd pf m &,fp&m pmcspo f t l zGUJ 0ifjzpfygu tzGUJ 0iftrSwu f dk jynfph pHk mG azmfjyyg/ 3/ yxrqk? vuf&mtaumif;qkH;qk? ESpfodrfhqkrsm; csD;jr§ifhvsuf qk&ykHrsm;ukd azmfjyay;rnf/ 4/ (30-11-2003) aeYta&muf aemufqkH;xm; ay;Ekdifygonf/ wm0ef c H t ,f ' D w m
\
A LESSON IN DIPLOMACY FROM DAG HAMMARSKJOLD BY JHAN ROBBINS
MuKH awmifMh uKH cJoifcef;pm {7m vGecf ahJ om ESpEf pS cf efYu uRef awmfukd,fwkdif awGUMuHKcJh&aom wpfoufarhEidk zf , G f r&So d nft h jzpf tysufwpf&yf jzpfonf/ 1961 ckEpS u f tmz&duEkid if H wpfco k Ydk vkyif ef;wm0efEiS t hf oGm; av,mOf ysHysufusNyD; uG,fvGefcJh&Smaom ukvor*¾twGi;f a&;rSL;csKyaf [mif; 'wf[m;rm;½Id;(1905-1961)ESifh rarQmv f ifb h J a&pufqv Hk u dk &f mu þoifcef;pm tjrwfxGufcJhjcif; jzpfonf/ trSefpifppf 'wf[m;rm;½Id; ESihf uReaf wmf\ *spu f m;tkpd w k u f þjzpf&yfudk pwifapcJyh g\/ ? 1960 ckEpS f 0ef;usiaf vmuf rSm uReaf wmfonf tjynfjynfqidk f &m aphpyfaqG;aEG;yGEJ iS hf ywfouf aom pmwrf;wpfck jyKpk&ef jyif qifaecsed f jzpfonf/ ukvor*¾ twGi;f a&;rSL;csKyu f dk xkt d aMumif; t&mESihf ywfoufNyD; awGUqkaH qG; aEG;cGihf &vdu k o f nf/ olYudk e,l; a,mufNrKdU ukvor*¾XmecsKyfrS 38 ajrmuftxyf&dS ol\ ½k;H cef;
wGif naeapmif;wpfcsed üf awGU& rnfjzpfonf/ uRefawmf awGUcsifaeolrSm &Su&f UHG ykrH sK;d jzifh pum;wpfceG ;f ukyd if tawmf csichf sed Nf yD; ajymwwfonf [k tawGUtMuHKrsm;aom oHwref a&;&m owif;axmufrsm;uowd 0kid ;f ay;Muonf/ wpfzef twGi;f a&;rSL;csKyo f nf pdwx f &J t dS aMumif; t&mrsm;ukd yGiv hf if;pGm xkwaf zmf avh r&db S J pum;rvGerf uRaH p&ef xdef;csKyfvGef;onf[kvnf; od& onf/ uRefawmfhtzkdY tcuftcJ tusyftwnf;BuD;wpfcu k dk &if qkid &f awmhrnfEh , S f &Sad e\/ awGUqkcH iG &hf csed rf mS rarQmv f ifh bJ olonf uReaf wmfu h dk azmfa&G pGm EIwfqufonf/ tay:ukwf tusÐyif 0wfrxm;ay/ aomuf aeus aq;jyif;vdyt f pm; aq;wH ukd cJxm;onf/ olYudk ½kyjf rifoH Mum;ay:rSm jrifaeusxuf ykdí jrifrh m;ydeo f , G u f m tom;ta&mif cyfazsmhazsmh&Sdonfukd owdjyKrd onf/
tcef;us,f axmifh wpf axmifh pm;yGJwpfvkH;qDokdY uRef awmfu h dk olac:oGm;onf/ pum; oG,0f u dk rf aeMuawmhbJ uReaf wmf awGUvkd&if; udpöukd aqG;aEG;jzpf Muonf/ uReaf wmf\ ar;cGe;f rsm; ukad jzMum;pOf olonf ukvor*¾ \ tcef;u@ ta&;BuD;ykHukd ,kMH unfcsut f jynhEf iS hf av;eufpmG &Si;f jyonf/ ukvor*¾\ atmif jrifpGm pGrf;aqmifEkdifcJhykHrsm;ESifh tem*wf arQmfvifch sufvnf; yg 0ifygonf/ ]]edp"ö 0l 'DrmS vkyu f ikd af eMu &wJh wpfEidk if eH YJwpfEidk if t H Mum; aph pyf zsefajza&;eJY &ifMum;aph o abmwlnDcsuf&a&; vkyfief;awG tay: ayghayghqqeJY trSm;t,Gi;f twdrf;tapmif;r&SdzkdY t&rf; *½k pku d &f w,f? wpfzufu xdcu dk cf H cJh&wJh rmeukd ESpfodrfhay;zkdY vkd tyfovkd usew f pfzufu trsuf a'goukd tEÅ&m,fyGm; tcsif;r rsm;&atmif wnhrf wfay;Ekid &f r,f? 'DvkdeJY ESpfzuftjiif;yGm;rIawGukd tjyeftvSef awGUqkHaqG;aEG;&if;
\
ausat;tqk;H owfapEkid yf gw,f}} uReaf wmf\ ar;jref;rItqk;H owfcgeD;wGif w,fvDzkef; jrnf oHay:vmonf/ [m;rm;½Id;xí ajzMum;oHrsm;rS uReaf wmfov d u dk f &onfrmS olEiS hf ,aeY npmxGuf pm;rnfo h rl mS zsm;emaejcif;yif jzpf onf/ ol pdwyf suo f mG ;yk&H onf/ ]]cif A sm;... uRef a wmf e J Y npmtwl vku d pf m;zkYd cs;D jri§ yhf g vm; cifAsm}} ½kdif;rnf r½kdif;rnfrSef; a0 zefqef;ppfcsed rf &rD uReaf wmf pGwf ceJ zdwaf c:rdonf/ okYd aomf ol jiif;rnf[k ,lqxm;onf/ ]]aumif;wJt h MuHayghAsm}} rarQmfvifhbJ ol ysLiSmpGm vku d af vsmonf/ pMuøwpfavQmuf uReaf wmf wkYdtwl xGuv f monft h cg uRef awmft h aMumif; oloo d ifw h mwcsKUd BuKí d ajymjyvku d o f nf/ uReaf wmf onf þae&mrS rkid f 60 cefYumG a0;onfh ae&mwGif aexkid af Mumif; reufu &xm;vGwí f uReaf wmf\ teDa&mif *spu f m;tkpd w k af v; eifh NrKdUxJokdY udk,fwkdif armif;vm& aMumif;wkYd jzpfyg\/ ]]teDa&mif *spfum; [kwf vm;? pdw0f ifpm;p&myJ}} npm oGm;pm;Murnfh pm; aomufqidk u f dk tcsed rf D uReaf wmf renf; ukwjf cpfpOf;pm;&jyefonf/ o if: d f ]ymif: avmavmq,f uReaf wmftBuKu axGv awGUxm;onfh taumif;qk;H pydef 104 tpm;taomufrsm; &Ekid af omqkid f
aa m m
i,fwpfqidk u f dk ajymjyvku d o f nf/ ]]tm;... pydefpm? yifv,f tpm;tpmeJY xrif;&rSmyJ? tJ'u D dk yJ oGm;Mu&atmif? uReaf wmfu h m; armif;oludk em;ckid ;f xm;NyD;NyD? cif Asm;&JU teDa&mif*spef YJ oGm;Muwm aygh}} ]]odyfukd roifhawmfygbl; cifAsm}} uReaf wmf uwkeu f ,if ESihf wm;jrpfvu dk o f nf/ ]]ab;tumawGvnf; ryg bl;? *D,mpçxkd;csdefqkd um;u
aqmifah qmifx h u G w f wfw,f}} [m;rm;½Id;\ tjyma&mif azsmah zsmrh suv f ;Hk rsm; 0if;vufomG ; Muonf/ uReaf wmf\ yck;H ay:ukd vufwpfzufvmwifNyD;... ]]owdaå rG;prf;yg}} S um;toGm;tvm >ywfoyd f usycf v J o S nft h csed w f iG f uReaf wmf \ *spfum;tkdonf wzGwfcsuf csuf toHay;um rSefrSefajy;ae onf/ uRefawmfwYdk aemufu um; [Ge;f oHBuD;wpfoH ½kww f &ufMum; vkduf&onf/ wpfcsdefwnf;qkdo
vkd wuúpt D iSm;,mOfwpfp;D onf uReaf wmfu h m;ukd yGwu f moDumESihf tEÅ&m,fBuD;pGm jzwfwufonf/ uReaf wmf\cE¨muk, d yf if pwD,m &ifvufuidk f tay:[yfx;dk vJawmh rwwf jzpfomG ;onfEiS hf b&dwu f dk aqmifeh if;vku d o f nf/ pwD,m&if ukv d nf; vuf,mzufoYdk qGv J n S hf vku d &f um;onf vrf;ab;yvuf azmif;ay:okYd ausmw f ufomG ;awmh onf/ xkdtcg ab;rS trIdufykH; wpfy;Hk ukd yGww f u dk v f u dk jf yefojzifh us,af vmifpmG jrnf[;D oGm;onf/ ukvor*¾\ taxGaxG twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf vkdufygvm aom *spu f m;onf a&SUu vrf; "mwfr;D wkid w f pfwidk Ef iS hf wku d rf v d k rwwfae&mwGif xk;d &yfomG ;awmh onf/ uHtm;avsmpf mG txdtcdu k f tysut f pD; rjzpfay/ tiSm;,mOfvnf; xk;d &yf vkdufonf/ um;armif;ol xGuf vmu ajcvSrf; usJBuD;rsm;jzif h uReaf wmfwYdk &S&d mokYd avQmufvm onf/ rsufESmcsif; qkdifrdonfESifh uReaf wmf a'gowBuD; atmfajym vku d o f nf/ ]]bmjzpfvYdk um;rD;tcsufr jyovJ? rif;um;u usKyfum;ukd wku d af wmifwu dk af wmhrvkYdy?J b,f vk'd ½kid b f mrsK;d vJ rodb;l ? um;r armif;wwfb;l vm;}} ]]bmawG aygufu&atmfae wmvJ? rif; rsupf u d ef;aeovm;? OD;aESmufrygbl;vm;}}
tiSm;,mOfarmif;oluvnf; cGe;f wkYHrcHjyefatmfonf/ xkYdaemuf uReaf wmf\ ,mOfarmif;vkid pf ifudk xkwjf yckid ;f onf/ uReaf wmf xkwf jyNyD; ol\vkid pf ifuv dk nf; xkwf jyzkYd awmif;vku d o f nf/ ol [de;f a[mufojH zif.h .. ]]b,folYukdrqkd vkdifpif vG,v f , G ef YJ xkwaf y;aeMuw,f? txl;ojzifh rif;vkv d rl sK;d ukad ygh}} ]]rif;armif; ykHurS wkdYukd aowGi;f ykYdawmhrvkYd? tifrwef&rf; um;w,f}} uRefawmfwYdk \ &efyrJG mS t xGwftxdyfokdY a&mufvmonf/ tiSm;,mOfarmif;olu
awmh twku d t f cku d rf &Sw d mvnf; tHMh op&myJ}} tiSm;,mOfarmif;ol\ uk, d f vk;H BuD; qwfceJ wGeYfvsuf tHt h m; BuD;oifhoGm;onfukd uRefawmf owdjyK rdvkdufonf/ olYtay: u½kPmoufaom avoHEiS hf ajym qkad eonfh vlwpfa,mufurdk arQmf vifhbJ awGUjrifvkdufí jzpfykH& onf/ ]][kwfuJh? tcuftcJu
awmh rsKd;pkyH ?J wjcm;'½kid b f mom qkd vrf;ay:uvlvm;? vrf;jy&J vm;? 'djyifum;vm;.. 0ifusKH; awmhrSm aysmfp&menf;enf;rS r aumif;ygbl;Asm? 'DNrKdUxJ um; armif;&wm w,frvG,v f b S ;l }} bmrqkd rsufpdrSdwf&ifqkdif &ef qk;H jzwfNyD;cJah om uReaf wmhf yif a'go tenf;i,fajyavQm um ]]wu,f h u k d rvG , f w m? 'D vkad e&mrsK;d rSm wpfvukd wpfBudrf ESpfBudrfxuf ykdNyD; um;armif;zkdY rvkw d mukyd J aus;Zl;wif&OD;r,f} [k cHpm;csuftjynhfESifh 0ifajym rdonf/
[m;rm;½Id;onf uRefawmfh buf vSní hf nifomwk;d nif;aom avoHjzif.h .. ]]cifAsm; armif;ykHuvnf; tEÅ&m,f&w dS ,f}} ]]uRefawmfhum;eJY cifAsm; vku d v f mwm tpk;d &drv f eG af ewmyg? uReaf wmf earmferJh enf;enf;jzpf wmvnf; ygrSmaygh}} [m;rm;½I;d onf tiSm;,mOf armif;olbuf wpfzef jyefvSnfh MunhNf yD;... ]]uRefawmfh rdwfaqGu ol earmferJh enf;enf;jzpfwmygvkdY ajymaeNyDav}}[k ajymvku d o f nf/ ]]uReaf wmf pdwaf vmBuD;ae wmaMumifhvnf; jzpfoGm;wmyg? 'Dv[ l m e,fbufu vmw,fqdk wm uReaf wmf owdcsyrf zd Ydkaumif; w,f? 'gaMumifv h nf; ol[m e ,l;a,mufu tcsufjyykHawGukd em;rvnfwm jzpfygvdrrhf ,f}} tiSm;,mOfarmif;ol\pum; ajyjypfvmonf/ uRefawmf e,l;a,mufrSm arG;zGm;BuD;jyif;vmum,mOfarmif; vkid pf if&xm;onfyif 15 ESp&f NdS yD [k ajymawmhrnfh pum; vnf acsmif;0okYd a&mufvmonf/ rajymyavmufaom tao; tzGu J pd aö Mumifh xk;d Mu? BudwMf u awmhrvkd jzpfaeonfv h El pS af ,muf tm; ausat;oGm;Muap&ef 'wf [m;rm;½I;d onf apmapmu uRef awmfu h dk olajymjycJzh ;l aom tjynf jynfqkdif&m aphpyfaqG;aEG;yGJwGif tokH;jyKavh&Sdonfh aphpyfn§dEIdif;
\
ay;enf;ukd okH;oGm;yguvm;[l aom tawG;a&mifjcnfonf uRef awmfah cgif;xJoYdk ½kwjf cnf;0ifvm \/ ]]aphpyfn§dEIdif;ay;olqkdwm tcsufokH;csufukd tjrJ OD;xdyfyef xm;&r,f}}[k ol jywfom;wdus pGm aqG;aEG;cJhygonf/ wpf- tajctaewpfco k nf &ifMum;aph oabmwlnDcsuf&Ekdif zG,fr&Sd jzpfvmvQif wkefvIyfpdwf ysuftm;avQmh roGm;ygESifh/ t u,fí tcsif; rsm;aeMuaom bufEpS zf ufpvk;H onf wpfzufudk wpfzuf tjyeftvSef atmf[pf raeygrl aphpyfn§dEIdif;ay;ol vkd tyfonfhtcsdeftcg r[kwfao; onfudk owdcsyo f ifo h nf/ ta&; BuD;qk;H aom pOD;ajcvSr;f rSmtcsi;f rsm;Muonfh bufEpS zf ufpvk;H ESihf u½kPmouf0ifonfh qufqaH &; rsm; xlaxmif&ef jzpfonf/ ESpOf ;D ESpfzuf tjyeftvSef tjiif;yGm; aeMupOf ESpzf ufpvk;H ESihf tquf toG,rf jywf &S&d rnf/ ESpf- ckduf&ef jiif;yGm;aeMu aom bufESpfzufpvkH;ukd rnf onfhyk*K¾ dvf ukd,fa&;ukd,fwmukd rQ xdcu dk ef pfemjcif; r&Sad pEkid o f nfh a,bk,s tjiif;yGm;rI tcsuf tvufrsm;ukdom &efvkdrI xdef; EkdiforQ xdef;vsuf azmfjyajymqkd Mu&ef qGJaqmifodrf;oGif;zkdY BuKd; o if: yrf;&rnf/ bmompum;aA't& ]ymif: 0d0g'tjiif;yGm;zG,f&m pum;vkH; axGv rsm;? pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzKd;rI tajccH 106 aumif;rsm; &&SdzkdY tm;omcsuf
aa m m
rsm;ESifh &moDOwk tajctaet& pdwfoP²mefwGif jzpfay:cHpm;rI ponfwkdYukd avjynf avEkat; ozG,f tokH;jyKí t&Sdefjrifhrm; vsuf&Sdaom tjiif;yGm;rIukd avsmh yg;apEkdifonf/ okH;- ESpfOD;ESpfzufpvkH;ukd taygif;vu©Pmjy awGUqkHaqG; aEG;rIwpf&yf jzpfay:vmap&ef ESpf OD;ESp0f oabmnD oufqidk af om tcsuftvufwcsKdUukd ok;H oyf&mS
azGEidk &f rnf/tqkyd gtcsut f vuf onf avmavmq,f 𝔢D xk;d ay; vsuf&Sdonfh jyóemESifh vkH;0 qufEG,fjcif; r&Sdap&ay/ okdYvifh upm; ]]'DxJrSm rSefwmav; t enf;tusOf;avmufygw,f}} [l aom pum;rsKd; olwkdY ajymonf qkdonfukd &onfESifh 0d0g'uif; onfh ajz&Sif;csufwpf&yf aemuf qkH;rvGJraoG &&SdapEkdifrnfh tcGifh tvrf;aumif;BuD; wpfckyif jzpf ay\/ ]]tHhawmh tHhMop&myJ? ppf EIwfcrf;0u a&SmifxGufzkdY atmif jrifpGm aphpyfay;cHMu&wJh EkdifiH ESpfEkdifiH[m taumif;qkH;rdwfaqG
awG jzpfvmMu½kHru wpfEkdifiH ay:wpfEkdifiH tjyeftvSef ulnD wwfMuwm orkid ;f wpfavQmufrmS rMumcP awGU&wwfw,f}} [m;rm;½I d ; \ e*d k ; csKyf pum; jzpfonf/ azmfjyyg taMumif;t&mrsm; ukd wjznf;jznf; jyefvnfí tod 0ifvmojzifh uRefawmf\ rku d w f d rku d u f ef; trlt&mrsm; vGiphf Ofuek f Mu\/ ]]uRefawmfwkdY ESpfa,mufp vkH; owdenf;enf; ykdxm;MuzkdY vkd w,fqkdwm pOf;pm;rdygNyDAsm}} tiSm;,mOfarmif;ol\ cuf xefMurf;wrf;cJah om pum;tok;H tEIe;f rSmvnf; aysmhusvmcJNh yDjzpf \/ uRefawmf oabmwl acgif; ndwfjyvkdufonf/ olvnf; ol\tiSm;,mOfqD okYd jyefavQmufomG ;onf/ [m;rm;½Id;ukd wzGzGawmif; yefpum;qkd&if; uRefawmfonf yvufazmif;ay: a&mufaeaom um;ukd aemufjyefqw k v f u dk o f nf/ aemufqkH; uRefawmfwkdY\ *spfum;onf xkdae&mrS quf vufxGufcGmEkdifcJhygonf/ ? aemufxyfridk 0f ufcefY armif; vmrdvQif um;tif*sif pufoH azmufjyefvmonf/ "mwfqD'kdif cGuu f dk uRefawmf vSr;f Munhv f u dk f onf/ trSwfrsOf;wHonf ]]ukef NyD}}[laom tuGufukd nTefjy
vsuf&Sdonf/ ]]uaeYawmh acsmufyJ? uRef awmf h a Mumif h trS m ;awG c snf ; quf wkdufyJAsm}} uRefawmfonf ,Ofaus; zG,f tokH;tEIef;rsm;ukd owdr& awmhbJ pdwyf sufvufysuf nnf; wGm;vdu k o f nf/ um;ukd vrf;ab; cs&yfum vufuidk b f &dwu f adk qmifh NyD; qGv J u dk o f nf/ pm;aomufqidk f qDoYdk tiSm;,mOfwpfp;D ESihf uRef awmfwYdk qufvufomG ;a&mufMu zkYd tMuHjyKrdonf/ ]]wuúpD}} uRefawmf usKH; atmfvkduf onf/ tiSm;,mOfwpfp;D xk;d &yfvm onf/ ]]cifAsm; tcufMuHKjyefNyD vm;}} ar;oHEiS t hf wl xkt d iSm;,mOf armif;olrmS uReaf wmfEiS hf apmapm u jyóemwufco hJ l jzpfaeonf ukd rarQmfvifhbJ awGUjrifvkduf& onf/ ]]"mwfqDukefvkdYAsm}} uReaf wmf pdw"f mwfususEiS hf ajzonf/ ]]wufavAsm? a&SUrSm "mwf qDqidk w f pfqidk &f w dS ,f}} [m;rm;½Id;onf uRefawmfh um;ukd apmifhay;&ef qkH;jzwfcsuf ay;onf/ uReaf wmfwYdk qufvufxu G f cGmcJMh upOftiSm;,mOfarmif;olu]]cifAsm;eJY ygvmwJh vlu tawmf&nfreG w f v hJ yl ?J pum;enf;
ayr,fh wu,fpdwf"mwfawmfwJh vlAsm}} "mwfqDqkdifwGif uRefawmf "mwfqDwpfykH; qif;0,fonf/ tiSm;,mOfarmif;olonf pdw&f n S f vuf&Snf apmifhay;onf/ xkdY aemuf uRefawmfh um;&S&d mokYd jyef vnfarmif;ykdYay;onf/ ykdufqHtdwfqD uRefawmfh vufa&mufoGm;onf/ xkdtcsdefwGif ol\ tiSm; ,mOfrS usoifhaiG azmfjyaom rD wmarmif;cvkwfrSm csKd;rxm;bJ &Sdaeonfukd owdrlrdvkdufonf/ okdYESifh usoifhaiGukd azmfrjyawmh ay/ ]]uRefawmf ulnDw,fyJrSwf vkdufyg? paemifhpeif; rjzpfygeJY? arhvkdufyg}} olajymNyD; &Tifvef;tm;&pGm vufa0SY ,rf;jyvsuf um;ukd armif;xGufoGm;awmhonf/ ? 'wf[m;rm;½Id;ESifh wpfBudrf um;twl pD;zl;cJhjcif;onf urÇm ukd udkifvIyfypfEkdifavmufatmif awmh ta&;rygcJhay/ okdYaomf... jzpfysufcJhorQ tvkH;pkHukd jyefvnfokH;oyfMunhf rdonfh tBudrfwkdif; uRefawmfh ukd,fwkdif uRefawmf... thHMojcif; BuD;rm;pGm jzpfí rqkH;Ekdifyg/ {&m (1962 ck? Zlvkdifvxkwf Reader's Digest yg aqmif;yg;ukd qDavsmaf tmifjyefqx dk m;ygonf??)
\
trSwa f y;yGJ juyfuav; rdrdtwGuf w,fvDzkef;vm aeonf[k OD;pdeaf rmifxrH t S ac: a&mufojzifh cifarmif0onf cyf oGufoGufuav;yif tay:xyf okdY ajy;wufcJh\/ ,if;okdY tay:wuf&if; vrf;wGif pOf;pm;vmonf/ OD; av;OD;rm'ifvmzkdY tcsdefrSm wpf veD;yg;cefYyif ausmfvGefaeayNyD? okdYjzpfí axmufyhHaMu;uGma0; vm&onfjzpf&m vufxw J iG f aiG aMu;yif jywfvyfcsifovkd jzpf vmae\/ a[m... ,ckawmh w,f vDzek ;f vmonfq\ dk / OD;av; OD;rm'ifBuD;rsm; t aemufyidk ;f u OD;ul;? a':usi&f w D Ydk xH a&mufaeí rdrdxHvmrnf/ tdrrf mS &Srd vm;[k ar;&efac:jcif; jzpfavoavm/ 'gqkdvQifawmh ykdufqHvm awmhrnf jzpf\/ 0rf;omp&m/ wpfcak wmh&o dS nf/ OD;rm'if onf toufBuD;NyDjzpf\/ ,ck wavm &moDOwkutvGeyf jl yif; o if: onf/aerSaumif;ygav\avm/ ]ymif: axGv rEÅav;wGif aeraumif; jzpfae
í rEÅav;uae wkduf½kdufw,f vDzkef; qufaejcif; jzpfavo avm/ 'gqkv d Qif jyóemawGay: rnf/ pdwfnpfp&m/ þokdYjzifh cifarmif0onf OD;pdefarmif\ tcef;wGif;okdY 0if vkdufaomtcgwGif olYrsufESmrSm rom&Sifvdkvkd aemufqkH;*Pef; wpfvkH;om wkdufonfh xDvuf rSwyf idk &f iS v f v dk ?dk *s,v f rD w S í f 0g; vkdufcgrS *syefzdeyf tjywfwkH; rSef;odovkdvkd? i½kwfoD;pdrf;ukd xrif;vkwx f J xnfí h 0g;vku d f &m xrif;awG ukefcgrS i½kwfoD; ukd 0g;rd o vk d v k d ,if ; ok d Y a om ykHyef;rsKd; jzpfae\/ vSrf;Munhfvkdufrdaom OD; pdefarmifyifvQif cg;emusifovkd vkd Adkufemcsifovkdvkd jzpfvmí olYxH rsufESmvTJum zwfvufp owif;pmukd jyefvnfzwf½Iae awmh\/ owif;pmzwf&onfyif cifarmif0\ rsufESmukd Munhf& jcif;xuf pdwfcsrf;om&ygonf [laom oabmrsK;d jzpfygav\/ cifarmif0onf ab;csxm; aom pum;ajymcGufukd aumuf
108
nf q ef ; o pf & ,f p &m
aa m m
jy ef
v
qGJí yg;pyfem; ta&mufwGif ajymvku d o f nf/ ][kwfuJh...OD;av;? uRef awmf cifarmif0yg} ]cpf...} ][if.. OD;av; BuKdUxkd;ae Nyv D m;? bk&m;..bk&m;..} ]cpf...cpf.. ukcd ifarmif 0 b,fvkd jzpfaewmvJ pHy,fyg} ]a[mAs} ]pHy,fygqk.d ..aA'ifq&m r[kwyf gbl;} ][kwfygw,f..rpH,fygyJ? ukd,fu OD;av;rSwfvkdY} ]uJygav... eufjzef ½kH; ydww f ,f r[kwv f m;} ][kww f ,fav} ]pHy,feufjzefukd qkdifr xGufbl;? 'Dawmh ukdcifarmif0 tdrfukd vmygvm;} ]vmrSmaygh udp&ö o dS vm;} ]ZmwfaMumif;av; ajymjy csiv f }Ydk ]b,fEh , S .f . b,fu Zmwf yGt J aMumif;vJ} ]cpf cpf... ukdcifarmif0 [m awmfawmfaMumifw,faemf}
]raMumifygbl;... Zmwf yGaJ wG bmawG rMunhw f wfwmyg} ]uJygav.. pHy,fajymwm qk;H atmif em;axmifprf;yg/pHy,f av rMumao;cifu taemuf wkid ;f u ZmwfaMumif;av;wpfy'k f ukd bmomjyefxm;wm zwf& w,f? tJ'g ukdcifarmif0ukd jyef ajymjyr,f? Ny;D awmh ukcd ifarmif0 &JU tawG;tac: t,ltqukd em;axmifr,f? rSwfcsuf aumif; aumif;ay;Ekdif&ifawmh pHy,f[m ukdcifarmif0ukd ÓPf&nftqifh jrifo h t l jzpfeYJ tm;uk;d Ny;D aemif ukd bmrqkd wkid yf ifomG ;rSmyg} trSwfay;yGJBuD;yguvm;? cifarmif0rSm bmjyefajym&rSe;f r odatmifyif 0rf;omum vuf awGyif wkefae\/ yg;pyfrsm; vnf; rcsrf;bJ ckdufcdkufwkefvm onf/ olYqDu wdwfaeojzifh rpH y,fu ar;onf/ ]ukcd ifarmif0...Mum;vm; ukcd ifarmif0} ]*wf..*wf] ]b,fu 0rf;bJu a&muf aewmvJ} ]oGm;..oGm;} ]b,fuo dk mG ;&rSmvJ[if} ]r..r[kwfbl;? oGm;csif; oGm;csi;f ½ku d .f .½ku d w f myg} ][if...ukcd ifarmif0 iSuf zsm;0ifaeNyv D m;} ][m..r[kwfwm eufjzef cg qufqufvmcJyh gr,f} w,fvzD ek ;f csNy;D OD;pdeaf rmif
bufvSnfhum ]aus;Zl; wifyg w,f? tefu,f... uRefawmf jyefvu dk yf gOD;r,f}[k EIwq f uf\/ ]at;..at; aemufukd r pHy,fukd OD;av;vkdY rrSwfeJYuG? a':av;qk&d if obm0usw,f} em;pGefem;zsm; Mum;vkduf& aom pum;rsm;jzifh OD;pdeaf rmif u
abmukd wD;acgufMunhfcJhzl;\/ ,ckawmh rpHy,fu olYukd 0w¦K vm; bmvm;rod ZmwfaMumif; uav;wpfckukd ajymNyD; ÓPf &nfprf;awmhrnf/ trSwfay;yGJBuD;jzpf\/ t rSwfaumif;aumif;om &vkduf vQif olonf rpHy,f\ tcspfukd
qkH;r\/ cifarmif0url bm rQ jyefrajymbJ jyHK;½kHom jyHK;jy\/ ]at;..NyD;awmh rifh rsuf ESmukv d nf; rif; owdxm;OD;?apm apmu rifrh suEf mS u rD;uRr;f xm; whJ eHjym;BuD;vkd jzpfaeNyD; ckawmh vnf; rSnfhaewJh rcspfpk o&uf oD;Bu;D usaewmyJ} ][J[.J ..} cifarmif0uawmh &,fí omjyNy;D jyefqif;cJo h nf/ xkdaeYnwGif cifarmif0 tdyfysuf&onf/ wpfcgu ol onf rpHy,fukd ykHjyifajymí o
&zkdY rsm;pGm eD;uyfoGm;NyDjzpfay onf/ aemufaeYwGif cifarmif0 onf rpHy,fwkdY\ {nfhcef; uk v m;xk d i f w G i f uk y f u k y f a v; xkid af eonfudk awGU&\/ rpHy,f u cifarmif0twGuf vufzuf &nfudk uk, d w f ikd af zsm, f v l may; Ny;D tem;u ukvm;xkdifwpfvkH; wGif 0ifxidk \ f / ]uJ..rpHy,fukd,fratmifh Ekid af wmhb;l } [if . .apmapmu ajym a&maygh? ukcd ifarmif0&,f...
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 110
tm;emp&m rvkyd gbl;/ vm} ajymajymqkq d Edk iS hf rpHy,f u rwfwwf&yf\/ ]bmvJ...rpHy,f&UJ } ]aemufaz; oGm;csiv f NS yq D }dk ][,f.. MuMH uzH efzef uk, d f 'Dvmwm aemufaz; oGm;zkdY vm wm r[kwfbl;} ]EkdY.. ratmifhEkdifawmhbl; qk?d qD;oGm;csiw f mvm;} ]tkd..qD;vnf; roGm;csif ygbl;av}
ukd jyefajymr,f? vGecf w hJ EhJ pS af ygif; &Spq f ,favmufu jzpf&yfuav; wpfcw k /hJ t*FvefjynfrmS jzpfwm? csuf½Idif;,m;jynfe,fu v,f orm;wpfOD;&JUtdrfukd vlqkd;okH; a,muf 0ifa&mufvk,ufw,f wJh? tdrf&Sifvifr,m;eJY tdrfazmf ruav;ESpfa,mufukd BuKd;eJYwkyf xm;Ny;D tdru f dk arTaESmuf&mS azG Ny;D vk d c sif w mawG ,l M uw,f w J h ? Ny;D awmh jyefxu G o f mG ;Mua&m} ]v,form; vifr,m;u &J
]'gjzifh qD;csKyf? 0rf;csKyf jzpf aeNyaD um} rpHy,f b,fhESmawG avQmufajymae&wmvJ? Zmwf aMumif;ukd em;axmifcsifvSNyD? r atmifEh idk af wmhb;l vkYd ajymwm} þwGifrS rpHy,fonf &,f armrdNyD; jyefxkdif\/ ]'gqkdvnf; aumif;ygNyDwJh &Sif/ vufzuf&nf aomuf&if; em;axmifaemf? rpHy,f zwfrw d m
ukd rwkdifbl;vm;} ]b,faervJ wkid w f maygh? &J u ppfaq;Munhfawmh oJvGefp ESpfck&w,f? wpfcku bmvJqkd awmh vlqdk;wpfa,muf&JU ukwf tusÐu jyKwfuscJhwJh Mu,foD; wpfcjk zpfw,f} ]aemuf oJvGefp wpfck aum} ]ajymr,fav.. aemuf oJ vGefp wpfckuawmh tJ'Dvlqkd;
ukdyJ tdrfazmfrav;wpfa,muf u ckcHowfykwfcJhwmukd;? tJ'D aumifrav;u vufonf;eJY ukwfvkdufvkdY vlqkd;&JUrsufESmrSm ukwjf cpf&mBu;D jzpfomG ;owJ}h cifarmif0onf rpHy,fukd pkdufMunhfae\/ rdrdukd w&m;cH azmfcidk ;f Ny;D ÓPf&nfprf;awmh rnf xif o nf / xk d a Mumif h ajym orQawGukd aoaocsmcsm vkduf rSwaf e&\/ rpHy,fuawmh at;at; aq;aq;yif pum;ukd qufí ajymaeonf/ ]&ufowåywf awmfawmf uav;Mumawmhvq l ;dk wpfa,muf ukd &Jurdw,fav/ olYtdrfrSm&Sm awmh vk&mygypön;f awG&cJw h ,f/ NyD;awmh olYqDrSm awGU&wJh ukwf tusÐrSm Mu,foD;wpfvkH; jyKwf aew,f? usew f MhJ u,fo;D awG[m vnf; jyKwfususefcJhwJh Mu,foD; eJY ykHpHwl jzpfaew,fwJh} ]'gjzifh &Si;f om;yJ? 'D vl [m vk,ufox l u J wpfa,mufjzpf& rSmaygh} ]'gayr,fh olYukd &Ju ppf awmh olu 'Dt0wftpm;awGukd aps;aygayg&vkYd vlwpfa,mufqD u 0,fcJhw,fvkdY ajymw,f? tJ'D vlukd rSwfrdovm;qkdawmhvnf; rrSwrf b d ;l wJ/h Ny;D awmh olrY suEf mS u ukwfjcpf&mBuD;awGukd ar; awmh ol[m oabFmom;wJh? t &ufvnf; rl;wwfw,fw?hJ 'Dawmh 'Dvkd ukwfjcpf&mawG[m rMum cP jzpfwwfwmyJ? b,fae&m
jy ef
v
u jcpf&mygvmrSef;awmif ol owdrjyKryd gbl;wJ?h uJ...bm ajymrvJ} ]'gu olawmfavsmaf jymae wmyg? ol[m jypfrIusL;vGefcJhol yJ jzpf&rSmygh} ]uJ..qufem;axmifygOD;? ½k;H wif ppfaq;Muwmaygh? &Jbuf
u wifjywJh oufaoawGu ckdif vkaH eawmh*sL&DvBl u;D awGuvnf; tjypf&Sdw,fyJ qkH;jzwfMuw,f? tJ'Dacwf tJ'Dtcsdefu ckd;rIukd ao'Pf ay;wmukd;? 'Dawmh w&m;olBu;D u w&m;cHudk aemuf qkH;pum;ajymw,fav? rif;rSm tjypf&o dS vm; r&Sb d ;l vm;vkYd ar; w,f? 'DawmhrS w&m;cHuyxr qkH; pum;ajymw,f? 'Dvk,ufrI udpöukd ol bmrS rodygbl;wJh/ &J bufu ajymwJhtwkdif; qkd&if 'D vk,ufrI[m vGefcJhwJh {NyDvu jzpfcJhw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/ ol[m arv 'kwd,ywfrSmrS jyefa&muf cJhygw,f? vk,ufrIjzpfcsdefu ol
nf q ef ; o pf & ,f p &m
wkdY oabFm[m tmz&duwkdfuf urf;ajcwpfcrk mS &Sad eygw,fw}hJ ]oufaorS r&SdbJ} ][kwfygw,f? oluvnf; oufaojyzkdY rvG,fygbl;wJh? oabFmom;awGqkdwm te,f e,ft&yf&yf jzpfaeawmh ckrS &Sm azG&ifvnf; tcsdefaESmif;oGm;yg Nyw D /hJ ajymajymqkq d edk YJ olu trI ukd vma&muf em;axmifolawG xJrSm todygovm;Munhfawmh vlwpfa,muf oGm;awGUw,f? 'D vl[m olo Y abFmuyÜwed f rpöwm ½IyfqkdyJ/ 'Dawmh w&m;olBuD;u ppfawmh oabFmuyÜwdefu ol [m oabFmom;awG rsm;awmh 'D vlukd rrSwfrdbl;vkdY ajymw,f? 'D wGif w&m;cHu olaY cgif;u tem &Gwfukd jyNyD; tmz&du urf; ajcrSm &efjzpfMuvkdY eD;*½dk;wpfOD; u uyÜwdefukd t½kdufrSm olu Mum;0ifccH w hJ m rSwrf yd govm;vkYd ar;w,f? 'DawmhrS uyÜwdefu rSwfrdNyD;.. [m 'Dvl[m uRef awmfh toufocifygyJuvm;qkd NyD; tckrS owd&rSwfrdaMumif; oufaoxGufw,f? 'DwGif *sL&D vlBuD;awGu w&m;cHrSm tjypfr &Sdbl;vkdY jyefjyifqkH;jzwfMuw,f?
'Dawmh w&m;olBuD;vnf; w&m; cHukd vTwfvkduf&wmaygh? uJ.. ukdcifarmif0 b,fvkd oabm &ovJ} ]uHw&m;rsm; tvGef qef; Mu,fw,faemf? uyÜwed u f vnf; wku d w f u dk q f idk q f idk f trIppfwmukd vmem;axmifrw d ,f} ]uJ.. qufajymr,f? vGwf wJhtcgusawmh rMumcif w&m; cHu uyÜwdefukd ajymw,fwJh/ uk, d w f v Ydk yk w f m odyo f bm0us vkYd *sL&D v l B uD ; awG ,k H o G m ;w,f aemfw/hJ 'Dawmh uyÜwed u f vnf; w&m;olBuD;vkyfwJh igwkdYvlu vnf; rifaowmukd;uGwJh/ uJuHw&m;r[kwfbl;/ 0w¦Ka&; q&mBuD;a&.. ÓPform;awG &Sifh? ÓPform;awG? tJ'g vlqkd; okH;a,muf ZmwfaMumif;yJ/ ukd cifarmif0uawmh cyfcsmcsmygyJ uvm;} ay;um;ay;\ r&? cif armif0 crsm trSwfay;yGJwGif oknESihf jyefc&hJ awmhonf/ Muyf u av;
\
0if;vJhaxG; wpfa,muf odyfukd aysmfaeonf/ 0wfpm; xm;onfuvnf; vSvSyy
o
usifh? qnf;yl;? usufrSwfxm;NyD; jzpfonf/ tvkyfuav; wpfckukd £ajE´&& vkyfukdifcsifaeonfrSm MumNy/D 'Dvdk tcGit hf a&;rsK;d u &zkYd rvG,?f &vmonft h cGit hf a&;ukd vufvTwfrcHcsif/ r&&atmif BuK;d pm;rnf[k ckid rf monfq h ;Hk jzwf csurf sm;aMumifv h nf; 0if;vJah xG; \bufu ykdifykdifEkdifEkdifBuD; jzpf ae&onf/ NyD;awmh rdrdukd,fukd rdrd,kHMunfonf/ 'Dxufykdíqkd& vQif cifcifO;D ukd rcHcsiw f mvnf; ygaeygonf/ &ifukdaumh? acgif;ukdarmhí aMumhaMumhuav; xGufvmcJh aom 0if;vJhaxG; wpfa,muf? um;rSwfwkdifrSmawmh enf;enf; MumoGm;ygonf/ em&DukdMunhf vku d af wmh (8)em&Dx;dk zkYd 15 rdepf omvkdawmhonf/ reuf(7)em&D xkd;uwnf;u tdrfrS xGufvmcJh jcif; jzpfNyD; um;apmifh&onfyif (10)rdepfavmufawmh &SdoGm;NyD/ ukrÜPDukd a&mufcsifvSonfhqE´ awGu jyif;jyaeojzifh um;wpf pD; 0ifa&mufvmonfhtcsdefrSm awmh tavmwBuD;yif um;ay: ukd ajy;wufvdkufonf/ 0
w¦
K
&S
nf
p
]t,fawmf..zdeyf..zdeyf} olrvkdyif tvkt,uf vkdufwufaom rdef;rBuD;uum; ay:twufwGif olr\ zdeyf aemufNrD;ukd eif;rdaeojzifh tvefYwMum; atmfvdkufonf/ rdef;rBuD;u ta,mifa,mift rSm;rSm;jzifh aemufjyefvSnfhMunhf aepOfrSmyif 0if;vJhaxG;u um; ay:ukd wk;d a0SNY y;D wufvu dk o f nf/ ][l;..awmfygao;&JU} zdeyfu jywfxGufroGm;ay rnfh zdeyfonf;BuK;d u awmfawmf uav; acsmifoGm;onf/ um; ay:a&mufawmh xkdifp&m ae&m ur&Sd rwfwwfcsn;f jzifo h mvku d f ygvmcJ&h awmhonf/ trSefu 0if;vJhaxG; pdwf apmaejcif; jzpfonf/ ac:xm; onft h csed u f reuf(10)em&Drq S dk awmh ,ckavmufBu;D txdtapm BuD; vmp&mrvkdtyf/ 'gayr,fh tvkyfcefYrSmu rdef;uav; okH; a,muf ? a,muf s m;uav;ES p f a,mufqkdawmh b,fESa,muf atmifNy;D vlawGU ppfaq;zkYd b,f ESa,muf ac:xm;onfqkdwm ukdvnf; odcsifao;onf/ rdrd bufu apmapma&mufxm;wm ^
qk;H
rke[ Yf if;cg;pm;pOfu i ½kwo f ;D rsm;oGm;ojzifh acR;pkNYd yD; ysufjy,fpjyKaeaom rsufEm S ukd wkz Yd wfuav;jzifh tomvku d z f Ydk onf... NyD;awmh vGijhf y,fpjyKaeNyD jzpfaom EIwc f rf;u ta&mif twGuf EIwc f rf;qd;k aq;awmifh uav;ukd xkwNf yD; pdra f jyeajy EIwc f rf;ukd qk;d aevku d o f nf...
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 114
awmh rrSm;bl;[lonfhpdwful;jzifh vnf; 0D&d, ykdaejcif; jzpfonf/ q,fwef;ukd atmifcJhwm csif;twlwl olrxuf wpfrSwfykd &oGm;ojzifh axmifaxmifaxmif axmif jzpfaeaom cifcifO;D tm; vnf;... ]igu rif;t&if tvkyf& wm}[k
]tk.d ..ola&m ajzrS ajzEkid f &JUvm; rodbl;} [kyif wpfquf wnf; awG;rdvu dk af o;onf/ tJ'D wke;f utom;jzLjzL? ezl; ajymif ajymif? pwpftusÐtjzLay:rSm eHY oma&mifwu dk yf u Hk dk 0wfxm;Ny;D cJ om;a&mifcsnyf q k ;dk ESiq hf adk wmh vl u chHcHhnm;nm; &Sdonf/ NyD;awmh Bu;D rm;xnf0gvSaom taqmuf ttkBH u;D \qif0ifatmufrmS awGU &wmqkad wmh... ]av;av;.. [kd.. a&; ajzajz&r,ft h cef;u b,ftcef; vJ[if}olu aMumifNyD; Munhfae ao;onf/ NyD;rS... ]aMomf . . 'D u ae wnf h wnfhavQmufoGm;NyD; b,fbuf u tcef;ukd 0ifvkdufyga':a':} ]&Si}f ][kwfygw,f a':a':.. rrSm;ygbl;} olrukd a':a':[k tac:cH vkduf&ojzifh pdwfxJrSm axmif;c eJ jzpfoGm;NyD;.. ]uRerf ukd a':a':vkYd rac: ygeJ&Y iS }f ]t[J... uRefawmfu vnf; av;av;rS r[kwfbJAsm} ]uRefru av;pm;rIeJY ac: wm} ]uRefawmfu ykdNyD;awmif av;pm;ygw,f a':a':} ]oGm;prf;yg} ][if;.. ½kyfukdu pyfjzJjzJ? oGm;awGuvnf; uGr;f csK;d awGeYJ &J aevkdufao;}[k awG;rdaepOfrSm
yif cyfvrS ;f vSr;f uvlwpfa,muf u vSrf;ac:onfESifh wkdufqkdif oGm;jyefygonf/ ]taxG;} ]&Si}f ]Asm} ESpfa,mufpvkH; NyKdifwl xl; rdvkdufjcif;jzpfonf/ 'guawmh vGev f mNyq D Ndk y;D rsuaf pmif;xk;d ypf vku d &f if;... ]aemufaewmvm;} ]raemufygbl;av} ]&Siaf emf} &efawGUypfvu dk zf t Ydk xd pdwf ul;vku d af wmh vSr;f ac:oluteD; ukd a&mufonf/ 'Dvu l dk jrifvnf; rjrifzl;? odvnf;rod/ ]ukdaxG; tcsdef eD;yvm;As} oufEkdifaxG;u awGUvm; [lonfh tMunhfjzifh vSrf;Munhf &if;]uRefawmfhemrnfu ouf EkdifaxG;As/ cifwJhvlawGuawmh ukdaxG;vkdYyJ ac:Muw,fav.. a':..tJ..tJ..cifAsm;emrnf u..} ]uRefr emrnfu 0if;vJh axG;yg&Sif/ &if;ESD;wJhvlawGu t axG;vkYd ac:Muwmrk}Yd ]aMomf...a[mf...a[mf udprö &Syd gbl;Asm..[J..[J..[J} ]t[if;...[if;..[if;} bm&,fr[kwf/ ukdaxG;[k ac:onfukd taxG;[k ac: onftxifjzifh xl;rdvkdufonfh twGuf t&Suaf jy&,fvu dk &f jcif; jzpfygonf/
]ukdrsKd;aqGatmif vmAsm/ Munfp;dk eJY ukv d o S if;u vku d rf vm Mubl;vm;.. [kdaumifodef;aX; eJY atmifausmpf ;dk ua&m} olwkYdcsif; bmawG quf ajymaeMuonfrod xkdae&mrS tjrefqkH; vpfxGufvmcJh&jcif; jzpfonf/ ]aMomf.. oufEkdifaxG;qkd wJo h &l ,f [if;..[if;..[if;} ]ywåjrm;rSwfwkdifygvm;.. ywåjrm;} um;py,f,m\ toHu em;xJukd pl;pl;&J&J 0ifvmonf/ ][,fomG ;ygNy.D . qif;r,f qif;r,f &yfay;} qif;&rnfrh w S w f idk u f ausmf vmcJhNyDjzpfonf/ 0if;vJhaxG;\ tvefw Y Mum;Bu;D atmfvu dk o f u H um;ay:rS c&D;onftm;vkH; yif vefYoGm;Muonf/ um;py,f,m u... ]jznf;jznf;vkyfygAsm rSwf wkid af &muf&if &yfrmS aygh} rSww f ikd af &mufawmh uref; uwef;BuD; qif;vkduf&onf/ wufwkef;uvnf; uref;uwef; BuD; wufcJh&jcif; jzpfygonf/ ][if;.. oif;aMumifh.. oif;aMumif}h rqDrqkdif oufEkdifaxG;ukd vSrf;Budrf;&if; abmufqwf abmufqwfEiS hf aemufaMumif; ukd jyefavQmufvm&awmhonf/ ]bk&m;a&} *sL;\0w¦KawGukd tzwf rsm;ojzifh yg;pyfu tvkdvkd t
usifhygaejcif; jzpfonf/ ajc axmufudk ikMYH unhrf v d u dk af wmh]bk&m;..bk&m;.. zdeyfu jyKwfrsm; xGufOD;rnfvm;rod} &ifukd zd&if;ESifhom qufavQmuf vm&awmhonf/ tckawmh 0if; vJhaxG; vrf;avQmufykHu qifr ,Ofom jzpfomG ;&onf/ pdwyf suf vufysufBuD;jzifh wufwpfcsuf acgufvu dk rf o d nf/ ]xyf} uHrsm; raumif;csifawmh awmuf a cguf o H y if yD y D o o xGufrvm ]xyf} wJhav/ vrf;r Bu;D ay:rSmrkv Yd nf;jzpfcsijf zpfrnf/ EIwcf rf;uko d m zduu kd x f m;rdvu dk f awmhonf/ ]wD} ]trav;} olYpdwful;ESifh ol owdxm; Ny;D avQmufae&aom 0if;vJah xG; twGuf teD;uyf Mum;vkduf& aom qkdifu,f[Gef;oHu rkd;BuKd; ypfoHavmuf us,foGm;ojzifh vefYzsyfoGm;NyD; vrf;ab;ukd t vsit f jref ajy;uyfvu kd o f nf/ ]aqm&D;Asm ... 'Dvkdjzpf vdrrhf ,f rxifrv d yYdk g} ]bm} ]bm}qkdNyD; qkdifu,fpD;vm olukd Munhfvkdufawmh oufEkdif axG; jzpfaeonf/ ]&Sif... &Sif.. 'gouf oufr}hJ ][m.. r[kwf&ygbl; Asm..uReaf wmf...uReaf wmf} ]oGm;prf;yg}
0if;vJah xG; pum;awG ajym raecsif olYvrf;olqufavQmuf onf/ oufEkdifaxG;u qkdifu,f ukd 0if;vJhaxG;a&SUrS ydwf&yfvkduf onf/ ajcwpfzufaxmufvkduf &if;... ]r0if;vJhaxG; vlawGUoGm; ajzrSm r[kwfvm;? uRefawmf vnf; tJ'Dukd oGm;rvkdYygAsm.. tJ'g.. vrf;MuKH vYdk 0ifac:&if; eJY tck v k d jzpf o G m ;&wmyg.. awmif;yefygw,f r0if;vJhax; &,f..} ]rvkyd gbl;&Si}f ]r[kwfwmAsm... vkdufcJh yg.. r0if;vJhaxG;} oufEkdifaxG;u wu,fukd vkdufNyD; awmif;yefaejcif; jzpf onf/ 0if;vJah xG;u qkid u f ,fudk auGUywfa&Smif&if; qufavQmuf oGm;onf/ oufEkdifaxG;u 0if; vJhaxG;ESifh,SOfí qkdifu,fukd jznf;jznf;csi;f vku d pf ;D onf/ ]r0if;vJhaxG; rvkdufbl;qkd &if uRefawmf tckvkdyJ pD;aerSm aemf} 0if;vJhaxG; qwfceJ &yfypf vkdufNyD; vufwpfzufu cg;ukd axmufvu dk o f nf/ ]'Dr,f... &Sif.. 'DaeY wpfaeYv;Hk uRerf ukd trsK;d rsK;d 'ku© ay;aewmvm;[if} ]Asm.. cifAsm;taeeJY uRef awmf tckrS awGU&wmyg r0if; vJah xG;&,f.. Ny;D awmh ta0; Bu;D avQmuf&OD;rSmAs...vmyg Asm tcsed rf rDbJ aevdrrhf ,f}
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 116
0if;vJhaxG;\ cg;axmuf xm;aom vufu jyKwfusoGm; onf/ tcsdefrrDbJ aevdrhfr,f qkdonfh pum;u 0if;vJhaxG;\ &ifukd zkdoGm;aponf/ ta0;BuD; vkdao;w,fqkdawmh... zdeyf ..zdeyf..zdeyfu.. 0if;vJhaxG; bmrS ajymrae awmhbJ qkdifu,faemufukd t vkdvkdyif xkdifrd&ufom; jzpfoGm; &onf/ ]aus;Zl;wifygw,f r0if; vJah xG;} ]bm...&Si}f ]aMomf... a[mf... uRef awmfah pwemukv d ufcw H t hJ wGuf aus;Zl;wifygw,fv}Ydk ]oGm;prf;yg} ]oGm;aeygNyAD sm] qkdifu,fuav;u jznf; jznf; nifompGmyif vdrfhxGuf vmonf/ qkdifu,fuav;u jznf; jznf; nifompGm vdSrfhaejcif;jzpf onf/ ]uko d ufEidk af xG;u'Durk P Ü D rSm tvkyfvkyfzkdY vlawGUvmajz wmayghaemf} ]tif;... qkyd gawmhAsm} ]ukdoufEkdifaxG;wkdYvkd t qifajyaewJholawGu tvkyf0if vkyfaerSawmh uRefrwkYdvkd w u,ftvkyv f yk cf sio f al wGtwGuf epfemwmaygh&iS }f ][m... tJ'Dvkdvnf; r [kwfbl;avAsm? vlwkdif; vlwkdif; rSm tvkyfwpfckawmh &Sdoifhwm
yJ r[kwfvm;} ]'gawmh 'gaygh&Sif.. 'gay r,f.. 'DvkdtcsdefrSm 'Dtvkyfukd rS r&cJh&if uRefrtwGufawmh 'kuy© aJ ygh&iS hf 'gaMumifv h nf;} ][mAsm... r0if;vJhaxG; uvnf; 'g'g'D''D 'k ak wG vkyrf ae prf;ygeJYAsm... uRefawmfwkdY ESpf a,mufpvk;H &uk&d rSmyg} ]bmajymw,f} ]tvkyfavAsm.. tvkyf. .tvkyf ..tvkyu f dk ESpaf ,muf pvkH;&rSmygvkYd ajymwmyg r[kwf vm;} ][kwfygw,f... [kwfyg
aewm} 0if;vJhaxG; rvIyf/ ]NrKdUopfrSm wpfcgrS rjrifzl; ygbl;/ NrKdUopf b,fvrf;rSm ae wmvJ...[if} 0if;vJhaxG;xHrS bmoHrQ xGurf vm/ ]bmvJ.. tvnfvmrSmpk;d vkv dY m;} 0if;vJhaxG; bmajym&rnf rod/ ]rvmapcsif&if rvmygbl; Asm} 0if;vJhaxG;xHrS bmoHrQ r Mum;&/
0if;vJa h xG; tm;i,f pdwf ysufpm G jzifh wHcg;ukd rSND yD; ajcypf vufypfBu;D xki d c f svku d o f nf/ tckra S wmh bmrSrwwfEi dk /f tjyif u vlwpfa,muftvmuko d m apmif& h awmhrnf...
w,f} 0if;vJhaxG; qkdifu,f aemufuae rJjh yKH ;uav; jyKH ;vku d f &if;]&SifhtwGufawmh ta&;r BuD;ao;ygbl;&Sif} [k pdwfxJrSyif ajymvku d rf o d nf/ ]r0if;vJhaxG;u NrKdUopfu aemf} 0if;vJhaxG; &Sif;jyrnfjyKNyD; cgrS]tkd... oleJYbmqkdifwm rSwfvkdY}[k awG;rdNyD; Nidrfaevdkuf onf/ ]uReaf wmfu NrKUd xJuyJ rSwf
oufEkdfifaxG; qkdifu,fukd xkd; &yfypfvkdufonf/ ][if.. &SifbmjzpfvkdY &yf vku d &f wmvJ} ]odbl;avAsm.. ½kwfw &ufBuD; NidrfusoGm;awmh qkdif u,fay:ursm; jyKwfusefaecJhNyD vm;vk}Yd ]r[kwfygbl;&Sif.. uRefr pdwfxJrSm tvkyftaMumif; awG; aerdvkYdyg? uJyg&Sif} oufEkdifaxG; qkdifu,fukd qufNyD; pD;vkdufonf/ ]tvkyftwGufeJYawmh OD; aESmuftajcmufcH raeprf;ygeJY
Asm/ r0if ; vJ h a xG ; 'Dtvkyfukd & rSmyg} ]atmifrm... &Siu f bmrkYd ajymEkid &f wmvJ} ]r0if;vJhaxG;u vSw,f av} ]bmajymw,f} ]aMomf.. r0if;vJhaxG;u vSw,f? ,Ofw,f? oGufw,f? zswfzswfvwfvwfvnf;&Sdw,f .. NyD;awmh ..a&;ajzrSmwkef; uvnf; tm;vkH;ajzqkdEkdifchJwmyJ av} ]&Sifu bmvkdY odae&wm vJ} ]awG;Munhw f mygAsm} ]&Sifa&m ajzEkdifcJhwmyJ r [kwv f m;} 'Dwpfcg NidrfusoGm;olu oufEkdifaxG;yif jzpfonf/ qkdif u,fu jznf;jznf;rSefrSefuav; om vdrfhaeonf/ ]awmuf} ]&Sifukd bmukd awmuf acgufwmvJ} ]aMomf.. ½kH;cef;ukd a&muf wmjrefomG ;vkyYd g} qkdifu,fuav;u t&if wpfacguf a&mufzl;cJhaom t aqmufttkBH u;D \qif0ifatmuf rSmyif NidrfhceJ xkd;&yfoGm;onf/ ]r0if;vJhaxG; 'Dwpfcgawmh 'D{nhcf ef;aqmifqw dk hJ tcef;xJu yJ xkdifNyD; apmifhaeygAsm.. tJ'D rSm owif;pmeJY *sme,fawG &Sd w,f} ]&Siu f a&m}
]qkdifu,foGm;NyD; xm;&OD; rSmav} oufEdkifaxG;u ajymajym qkdqkdjzifhyif qkdifu,fukd pD;NyD; qufxGufoGm;onf/ 0if;vJhaxG; u ]{nfhcef;aqmif}[k a&;xm; aom tcef;uav;twGif; 0if vku d o f nf/ tcef;u awmfawmfuav;
us,fonf/ tcef;\tv,frSm qkdzmqufwDawG csxm;onf/ tcef;jywif;aygufawGrSmu rSef awGwyfxm;jcif; jzpfNyD; Munfjym a&mifcef;qD;prsm;jzifh tvSqif xm;onf/ yef;csDum;awGu olY ae&mESio hf ?l wpfae&mqDrmS awmh EIwfcrf;arG;xlxl? rsufvkH;jyL;jyL; ESihf "mwfyBHk u;D wpfyu Hk olrukd pl; pkdufMunhfaeojzifh MuufoD; uav; rsm;yif xoGm;&onf/ a&;ajzrSmwkef;u awGUcJh& aom vlBuD;\ "mwfykHyif jzpf onf/ ukrÜPDu vlBuD;qkdonfh
todu tvkdvkd ae&if;yif aMumufpdwfawG 0ifvm&onfh EIwfcrf;arG;xlxl? rsufvkH;jyL;jyL; [kqkdayrnfh Oy"d½kyfuawmh cHhnm;onf/ emrnfu OD;ausmf xifvwf EIwfcrf;arG;xlukd jrif ½kHESifh rSwfrdEkdifonf/ rsufvkH;jyL; wmuawmh xm;ygawmhav/ 0if;vJhaxG; qkdzmckH&Sd&mukd oGm;xkdifaevkduf&if; owif;pm wpfapmifukd aumufzwfvkduf onf/ pm;yGJay:&Sd tvSpkdufyef; tk;d uav;xJuyef;uav;uawmh vIyfvDvIyfvJhuav; jzpfoGm; onf/ oufEkdifaxG; qkdolu 'D ae&mrSm owif;pmawG &Sdaewm ukd bmvkdY od&wmwJhvJh/ 0if;vJh axG;\ tawG;u oufEdkifaxG; xH a&mufomG ;jyefonf/ ]tkd.. olrSef;NyD; ajymwm vnf; jzpfEkdifwmyJav}[k awG; vkdufNyD;rS owif;pmukdom zwf aerdvu dk o f nf/ rnfrQMumoGm;onf owd rxm;rdvkduf? owif;pm zwfae pOftwGif; trsKd;orD;(4)a,muf ESifh trsKd;om;(3)a,muf tcef; xJ 0ifvmonf/ trsKd;orD;wpf a,mufu olrteD;rSm uyfNyD; xdkifvdkufonf/ 0if;vJhaxG; bm odbmomyif owif;pmukd zwf aevku d o f nf/ ]tm;vkH; aus;Zl;jyKNyD; em; axmifay;Muyg cifAsm} oufEidk af xG;qko d u l tcef; wHcg;0rS aeí vSrf;ajymvkduf
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 118
jcif; jzpfonf/ ]vlBuD;awG a&mufrvm ao;wJhtwGuf onf;cHNyD; apmifh aeMuapvkyd gw,f} ajymNyD;NyD;csif;yif oufEkdif axG;uaysmufu, G o f mG ;jyefonf/ ]'Dvl bmvJ} tcef;wGif;rSm &SdaeMuolrsm;xJrS avylrIwfoH awGukd Mum;vkduf&onf/ eH&Hu em&Dudk vSr;f Munhv f u dk af wmh (10) em&Dxkd;zkYd (5)rdepfom vkdawmh onf/ 0if;vJhaxG;\ avylrIwf xkwfvkdufaomtoHu olrsm; awGxuf ykd&Snfvsm;rnfxif onf/ tdru f xGuv f mpOfu (7) em&D/ vufzuf&nfwpfcGufESifh rkew Yf pfco k m pm;cJ&h aom olr tzkYd 0rf ; u tenf ; i,f a wmh [m pjyKNyD/ olr\ taru xrif; pm;oGm;OD;[kqkdonfyif jiif;rdcJh onf/ tJ'w D ek ;f uawmhqmvnf; rqm/ tckawmh...0if;vJhaxG; pdw"f mwfusp jyKvmonf/ um;pD;awmh rSwfwkdifrSm t MumBuD; apmifhcJh&onf/ um;vm awmhvnf; wkd;a0SYNyD; wufcJh& ao;onf/ 'DMum;xJ zdeyfukd t eif;cHvu dk &f onf/[kv d t Yl aMumif; awG;&if;ESifh qif;&rnfh rSwfwkdif ukd ausmfoGm;cJhonf/ awGUrnf awGUawmh um;tqif;rSmyif xdyf wkdufBuD; 0ifwkd;cJhonf/ ,ck vnf;... ]*G}D rxifrSwfygbJ AkdufxJu tvkdvkd jrnfoGm;ojzifh teD;u
uyfNy;D xkid af eaom trsK;d orD; u 0if;vJhaxG;ukd apmif;iJhNyD;Munhf onf/ ]t[if; [if;} bm&,fr[kwf? t&Sufajy jyHK;jyvkduf&jcif;om jzpfygonf/ olwu Ydk aemufrS a&mufvmwJo h l awGqadk wmh udprö &S?d rdrrd mS om.. ]*D.G .*D.G .*G.D .*D}G 0if;vJhaxG; olr bmom olryif vefYoGm;onf/ 'Dvkdom cP cP jrnfaevQifjzifh jyHK;jy ae&onfESifhyif oGm;wkdufaq; aMumfjimwmeJY wlaea&mhrnf/ Aku d x f rJ mS tpm&Sv d nf;jrnf? tpmr&Sv d nf;jrnf 'gqdv k Qif wpf ckck pm;zkdY vkdtyfaeNyDjzpfaMumif; 0if;vJhaxG; odonf/ vlBuD;awG a&mufvmNyD; rdrdukd ar;jref;ae onfhtcsdefa&mufrS AkdufxJu ]*GGD} ceJ jrnfoGm;vQifjzifh 0if;vJhaxG; tcef;tjyifbufukd xGufvkduf onf/ 'D u k d v mpOf w k e f ; u vrf ; ab;rSm awGUcJh&aom rkefY[if;cg; qkid af v;ukd trSw&f vdu k rf o d nf/ 'Davmufawmh tcsdef &OD;rSmyg av/ G
rkefY[if;cg; qkdifuav;u vl&iS ;f aevkYd awmfawmhonf/ ]rke[ Yf if;cg;wpfyaJG y;yg&Si}hf ]taMumfxnfrh ,faemf} ]xnfx h nf}h ]MuufO} ]xnfx h nf}h
]ig;z,fqyk }f ]xnfx h nf}h ]i½kwfoD;eJY eHeHyif} ]pm;vkdY&wm tukefom xnhyf g&Si}f 'DawmhrS tar;tjref;u &yfoGm;onf/ aemufxyfvnf; ar;p&m &Sdawmhrnfrxif/ 'g awmif Ny;D cgeD;awmh... ][if;&nf} 0if;vJhaxG; rkefYyef;uefukd tvkdufoifh xkd;ay;vkdufonf/ rkefY[if;cg;\ t&omu rnfokdY aernfrodvkduf 0rf;xJa&mufzkdY ta&;ESifh NyD;csifonfhaZmaMumifh uaomuarsm pm;vku d &f jcif;jzpf onf/ pm;Ny;D vQiNf y;D csi;f csucf si;f yif vSnjhf yefvu kd o f nf/ ][J.h .[J.h .. uav;ryku d f qH.. yku d q f H yku d q f H ay;oGm;OD; av} ]aMomf..[kwo f m;yJ} 0if;vJhaxG; vufukdiftdwf uav; zGifhNyD; ykdufqHukd EdIuf onf/ ]b,favmufv[ J if} ]ig;q,fyguG,}f &mwefwpf&Guf xkwfay; vku d o f nf/ ]trf;p&mr&Sb d ;l uG,}f ]a&mf...uJ..uJ 'gqkd r trf;eJYawmh aemufaeYrS vmpm; OD;r,f} ]aus;Zl;ygyJawmf} 0if;vJhaxG;u ½kH;cef;qD t jrefqkH; okwfajcwifvkdufawmh onf/ G
½kH;cef;qD a&mufawmh t ayguf0rSm &yfaeolu oufEkdif axG;/ ]cifAsm; b,favQmufoGm; aewmvJ} ]tJ'g &Sit hf vkyv f m;} ]usKyt f vkyrf Ydk usKyaf jymwm ayghAs} ]bm&,f.. &Sifhtvkyf.. [kwv f m;} ][kwfw,f.. [kwfw,f/ vlBuD;awGu pm&if;aumufckdif; xm;vk}Yd ]'gqkd... &Sifu bmvJ} ][k.d . [mAsm..½k;H tul} ][if; [if;..'geJYrsm;} ]aeygOD; usKyfu ar;&rSm vm;/ cifAsm;u ar;&rSmvm;} 0if;vJhaxG; EIwfcrf;ukd axmfaeatmif plypfvu dk &f if;]uJ...ar;..ar;} oufEkdifaxG;u oabmus oGm;rdonf/ ]bmMunfhaewmvJ..ar; av..[if;} ]emrnf} ]0if;vJah xG;} ]tbtrnf} ]OD;&ifarmif} ]tvkyftudkifukd ar;wmr [kwb f ;l av} ]'Duvnf; emrnfukd ajym aewmyJ} ]'gqkd O,smOfrLS ;qkw d mu} ]b,fuvm.. OD;&ifarmif ..OD;&ifarmif.. tu©&mOD;? & aumufa&;&if.. ra&;csarmif?
OD;..&if...armif} ]tJ'Dvkd &Sif;atmif ajymrS ayghAs/ EIwcf rf;Bu;D plNy;D ajymawmh [if ; [if ; taremrnf u a': r,fr r[kwfvm;} ]rqkdifvkdufwm&Sif.. a': pdeMf unfw}hJ ]aMomf... 'gaMumifh 0if; vJhaxG;vkdY rSnfhxm;wmukd;... cifAsm;eJY uRefawmfu ESpfvkH;yg wmcsi;f awmh twlom;} ]bm} ]axG;ESpfvkH;wlwmukd ajym wmAs/ uRefawmfhemrnf ouf Ekid af xG;av} ]b,fou l ar;aevkv Yd }J ]odxm;&atmifvkdYygAsm.. rSwyf w Hk iftrSw]f ]'gawGtm;vkH; ykHpHxJrSm jznfNh y;D om;&Si}hf ]rodbl;As.. usKyfu ckdif; vkv Yd yk &f wm} 0if;vJhaxG; rajymcsifajym csiEf iS hf ajymvku d &f onf/ ]ae&yf? vdyfpm} vdyfpmtrSefukd ajymvkduf onf/ ]Ek.Yd .. cifAsm;u NrKUd opfu qk}d ]vdktyfwmyJ ar;yg} ][kwfuJh... 'gqkd twkdif; txGm} ]'g tvkyfvkyfzkdYvmwm&Sifh .. r,fa&G;yG0J ifzYdk vmwmr[kwf bl;} ]jrif½eHk YJ odygw,fAsm} ]bmajymw,f}
]aMomf... tvkyfvkyfzkdY vmw,fqw kd m odygw,fv}Ydk ]][Gef;.. ½kyfukdu} ][J . .[J . . 'D t wk d i f ; yg yJ..uJygAsm.. tcef;xJ0ifNyD; apmifhvkdufygOD; cPaevmMu awmhrmS yg} ][if..'gqkd ra&mufao; bl;aygh[kwfvm;.. bmrsm;vkyf aeMuw,f rodygbl;/ ]ta&;Bu;D wJu h pd aö erSmaygh} oufEidk af xG; pyfjzjJ zrJ suEf mS Bu;D jzifh vpfxu G o f mG ;jyefonf/ ]xyf} xkH;pHtwkdif;yif 0if;vJhaxG; \ wufacgufoHu rjrnf/ t cef;xJ 0ifoGm;awmh tcef;xJu vlawGu arQmv f ifw h Bu;D jzifh olY ukd 0k d i f ; NyD ; Munh f M uonf / trsKd ; orD;wpfa,mufu]bmwJv h [ J if} ]a&mufrvmao;bl;wJ}h 0if;vJhaxG; 0wfauswrf; aus ajzvkdufonf/ ]bmjzpfvv Ydk J rodb;l aemf} ]ta&;BuD;wJh udpöawG&SdvkdY wJ}h ]bmawGrsm;...} ]vku d af r;av} xkt d rsK;d orD;ukd 0if;vJah xG; rsufapmif;xkd;Munhfvkduf&if; qkd zmay:aqmifhNyD; xkdifcsypfvkduf onf/ pdw½f yI pf mG jzifyh if awGUonfh owif;pmukd aumufNyD; zwfae vku d o f nf/ ]b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiHwGif 0rf; avQma&m*g jzpfyGm;aerIaMumifh
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 120
aoqkH;olOD;a&rSm} 0if;vJhaxG; rsuv f ;Hk jyL;oGm;onf/ rsuv f ;Hk om ru MuufoD;rsm;yif xoGm; onf/ AkdufxJrSm tpm&Sdvnf;em? tpmr&Sdvnf;em? 'gqkdvQif 0rf; oGm;zkYd aocsmaeygNy/D rke[ Yf if;cg; ESihf tcefrY oifí h vm;awmh rod/ 0if;vJah xG;\ Aku d x f u J &pfí em vmonf / owif ; pmud k i f x m; aom vufawGu wkew f ek &f if&if ]'kuy© gyJ}[k nnf;nLrd&if; tcef; tjyifbufudk jyefNy;D xGuv f u dk &f onf/ teD;u trsKd;orD;u bm jzpfjyefNyv D [ J al om tMunfu h ydk if *½krjyKEidk /f tcef;ayguf0ta&mufrSm yif qif0ifatmufrSm um;wpf pD;u xkd;&yfvmonf/ vlBuD;awG wpfa,mufNyD;wpfa,muf qif; vmMuonf/ Ny;D awmh... 0if;vJh axG; &yfaeaomtcef;qDukd OD; wnfNy;D avQmufvmMuonf/xdyf qk;H u OD;aqmifNy;D avQmufvmol u EIwfcrf;arG;xlxl? rsufvkH;jyL; jyL;ESifh OD;ausmfxifvwf jzpf onf/ oGm;NyD 0if;vJhaxG; bmvkyf &rnfrod/ acgif;BuD;ukd ikHYxm; vkdufonf/ uwåDygzdeyfpD;xm; aom ajctpku H olaY &SUrSm vm&yf onf/ acgif;ukd tenf;i,farmh vku d &f onf/ [if.. EIwcf rf;arG; BuD;eJY/ 0if;vJhaxG; aMumuftm; veft Y m;ESihf ajymcsvu dk o f nf/ ]aumif;aom eHeufcif;yg &Si}f
OD;ausmfxifvwfu ol\ em&DukdMunhfvkdufNyD; oabmus oGm;onf/ ]r*FvmyguG,}f jyHK;jyHK;BuD;ESifh 0ifoGm;aom OD;ausmfxifvwfaemufrS vlBuD; rsm; tm;vkH; {nfhcef;aqmifukd jzwfausmfum ½kH;cef;twGif; 0if a&mufoGm;Muonfhwkdif 0if;vJh axG;\ OD;acgif;BuD;u ikHYxm;qJ yif jzpfonf/ olyY pHk u H vlBu;D awG ukd xGufNyD; BuKdqkdwmvkdvkd.. ]r0if;vJah xG;} ]trav;} oufEkdfifaxG;u ½kwfw&uf ay:vmNy;D ac:vdu k o f jzifh 0if;vJh axG; vefYoGm;onf/ ]cifAsm;... bmjzpfaewm vJ r0if;vJhaxG;} 'DawmhrS 0if;vJhaxG;u olY udpu ö dk owd&oGm;onf/ ][kd..[kd.. a&tdrf..a& tdr/f a&tdrb f ,fem;rSmvJ[if}
]aMomf..a[mf..'gvm;/ [m; [m; 'Duae qufavQmuf nmbuf u k d c sKd ; taemuf b uf tpGefqkH; nmbuftcef;u a& tdrt f cef;yJomG ;oGm;} oufEkdifaxG;\ rsufESmpyf jzJjzJBuD; jzpfNyD; usefaecJhonf/ BuKdufr&Suf? ikdufr&Sufqkdwm 'g rsK;d yJ jzpfrnf/ 0if;vJah xG;twGuf awmh ,kd&rSm r&Suf[k ajym&r vkdyif/ olYtwGuf odyfukd ta&; Bu;D aeonf/ oufEkdifaxG; ajymonfht wkdif;yif a&tdrftcef;ukd wef;NyD;
awGUonf/ ae&muav;ukd t rSeftwkdif; nTefjyvkdufonfh twGufukdawmh aus;Zl; wifrd onf/ ]tkd.. 'Dudpöu aemuf& r,fhudpörS r[kwfbJav}[k awG; rdNyD; wHcg;ukd qGJzGifh&if; tcef; twGif;ukd tjrefqkH; 0ifvkduf onf/ tcef;u awmfawmfu av;us,fonf/ a&tdrfcef;[k qkdayrnhftcef;uav;u oefY onf/ olYae&mESifh oloD;oefY&Sd onf/ a&csKd;uef\ wpfzufrSm
onf/ rdef;uav;qkdawmhvnf; rSefukd jrif&if raeEkdif/ vufukdif tdwu f dk zGiNhf y;D rdwu f yfb;l uav; ukd xkwfvkdufonf/ um;pD;cJh&onfh'Pf? rkefY [if;cg;pm;onfh'Pf? a&tdrf0if onf'h Pf? rke[ Yf if;cg;pm;pOfu i ½kwfoD; rsm;oGm;ojzifh acR;pkdYNyD; ysufjy,fpjyKaeaom rsufESmukd wkdYzwfuav;jzifh tomvkdufzkdY onf/ NyD;awmh vGifhjy,fpjyKaeNyD jzpfaom EIwfcrf;u ta&mif twGuf EIwfcrf;qdk;aq;awmifh
cspfjcif;ESihf Aku d e f mjcif;onf rsKdoy d x f m;í ... r&paumif;aom t&mrsm; jzpfygonf.... tcsdeMf umoGm;ygu tvkv d dk yGix hf u G o f m G ; wwfygonf... 0if;vJa h xG;u ulnD Eki d r f nf rulnE D i dk r f nfrodEi fdk a f o; yg/....
a&tdrfu oD;oefYjyKvkyfxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ udpu ö adk jz&Si;f aepOftwGi;f b,fwkef;urQ rwifzl;cJhaom aus;Zl;awGuo dk ufEidk af xG;tay: 'va[mBu;D wifaerdonf/ ]'Dwpfcg olaY us;Zl;ukd xku d f xku d w f efwef jyefqyf&OD;r,f} [k awG;rdNy;D / ][if... b,fvkd jyefqyf &rSmygvdr}hf [k pOf;pm;rdvu dk af wmh wpfa,mufwnf; udswfNyD; jyHK; aerdvu dk o f nf/ a&tdrfu qif;awmh vlu ayghyg;vef;qef;oGm;onf/a&tdrf txGufrSmyif awGUvkduf&aom MunhfrSefa&SUrSmoGm;NyD; &yfvkduf
uav;ukd xkwfNyD; pdrfajyeajy EIwfcrf;ukd qkd;aevkdufonf/ xkd pOfrmS yiftcef;wGi;f ukv d w l pfa,muf 0ifvmonf/ 0if;vJhaxG; wkef oGm;onf/ 0ifvmolu a&;BuD; okwjf ymjzifyh iftjcm;wpfae&mukd oGm;onf/ 0if;vJhaxG; rvIyf&J/ rsufvkH;ukd axmifhuyfNyD; tom a0hMunho f nf/ ][if.. EIwfcrf;arT;BuD;eJY} toHrxGuf½kHwr,f vefYzsyfoGm; onf} 0if;vJhaxG; rsufpdukd tm; ukerf w dS yf pfvu dk o f nf/ rsuEf mS ukd rSefESifh wpfxyfwnf;usatmif uyfxm;vkdufonf/ udk,fvkH;u
eH&HrSm ydjym;aeonf/ touf½SL zku Yd dk owdr&/ &ifcek o f aH wGu w 'def;'def;/ wqwfqwf wkefae aom uk, d v f ;Hk ukd BuK;d pm;Ny;D xde;f ae&onf/ em;xJudk avwk;d onfh toHu wa0ga0gjzifh qlnHae onf/ aZmacR;awGu wpfukd,f vk;H pD;usaeMuonfxifonf/ rnf r QMumoG m ;onf r od / owdxm;rdvkdufonfh tcsdefrSm awmh tcef;uav;u wdwq f w d f Nidrfoufvsuf&Sdonf/ rsufvkH;ukd wjznf;jznf;csif;av; zGifhonf/ acgif;uav;ukd rodromuav; apmif;onf/ rsufpdukd enf;enf; axmifu h yfonf/ r&S/d rnforl Q r&S/d tcef;xJ rSm rdrdrSwpfyg; tjcm;rnfolrQ r&S/d aocsmNyq D adk wmhtcef;wHcg; qDukd ajy;oGm;onf/ qGJzGifhonf r&/ aemufwpfacguf xyfqGJ onf/ r&/ oGm;NyD/ apmapmu vlu wHcg;ukd tjyifrS csucf somG ; chJNyD/ rdrd0ifa&mufpOfwkef;u t a&;BuD;onfhudpöESifhrkdY wHcg;jyef ydwfzkdY arhoGm;cJhonf/ [kdvlu vnf; ta&;wBu;D 0ifa&mufvm NyD; xGufoGm;awmh wHcg;ukd csuf xk;d oGm;onf/ 0if;vJhaxG; tm;i,f aMumuf&GHUvmrdonf/ rsuf&nf awGu yg;jyifay:ukd vdrq hf if;us vmonf/ ESmacgif;u ½IHUwG ½IHUwG jzpfvmonf/ ikdwmeJY ESm&nf,kd wm bmaMumifhrsm; qufpyfae &onfrod/ vufu ESmacgif;qD ukd a&mufoGm;onf/
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 122
][if} ESmacgif;u ap;uyfuyf jzpfoGm;ojzifh vufukd Munhfrd vkdufonf/ vufxJrSm qkyfukdif xm;aom ypönf;u &Sdaeonf/ tomt,m jzefMY unhv f u dk o f nf/ ][,f} EIwfcrf; qkd;aq;awmifh/ aMumuftm;veft Y m;jzifh uspaf e atmif qkyfukdifxm;rdfaom EIwf crf;qkd;aq;awmifhrS EIwfcrf;qkd; aq;awGu vufwpfjyifvkH; pGef; xifvsuf&Sdonf/ NyD;awmh ESmacgif;]..0if;vJah xG; rSe&f &dS m ukd jyefajy;Ny;D Munhv f u dk o f nf/ ][m} rdrdbmom rdrdyif vefYoGm; &onf/ rSefESifhrsufESm zduyfrdpOf u EIwcf rf;qk;d aq;awmifu h Mum; cHtjzpf &Sad ecJo h nf/ ckawmh EIwf crf;qkd;aq;awGu EIwfcrf;rSm omru yg;jyifay:a&m ESmacgif; rSmyg pGef;xif;ayusHukefNyD/ 0if; vJah xG; bmvkyv f Ydk bmukid &f rnf qkdonfukdrod/ wHcg;qDukd jyef ajy;oGm;onf/ wHcg;u ryGi/hf yGihf xGuo f mG ;onfh zdeyfu jzpfonf/ zdeyfu jywfxu G o f mG ;onf/ ]t,f} tpyxrawmh jywfxGuf oGm;aom zdeyfukd jyL;aMumifNyD; Munhaf erdao;onf/ aemufawmh .. ]tD; [D; [D; [D; tD;} 0if;vJhaxG;wpfa,muf a& tdrftcef;xJrSmyif csKH;yGJcsí ikd ypfvkdufawmhonf/ 0if;vJhaxG;
twGuf cJavorQ oJa&us jzpf oGm;&onf/ olr\ pdwfqE´apm rIawGu t&m&mukd qkH;½IH;apcJhNyD jzpfonf/ ]'kef;.. 'kef;..'kef;} wHcg;ukd wpf'kef;'kef;xk&if; atmf[pftultnDawmif;zkYd pdwf ul;vku d o f nf/ ][,f... rjzpfao;ygbl;/ awmfMum vlawG trsm;BuD; a&mufvmrS..} [kwaf wmhvnf;[kwo f nf/
olr atmfvkdufojzifh a&tdrf tcef;&Sd&mukd vlawG trsm;BuD; a&mufvmMurnf/ NyD;awmh bm jzpfw,fvq J Ndk y;D 0kid ;f ar;Murnf/ 'gqkd olr b,fvkd ajz&rnfqkd wmrod/ 0if;vJhaxG; tm;i,f pdwf ysufpGmjzifh wHcg;ukd rSDNyD; ajcypf vufypfBuD; xkdifcsvkdufonf/ tckraS wmh bmrSrwwfEidk /f tjyif u vlwpfa,muftvmukdom apmif&h awmhrnf/ cufonfu a&tdrq f adk wmh
wul;wuBuD;awmh vmMurnf r[kwf/ tvkd&SdrS raeEkdif rxkdif EkdifjzpfawmhrS a&mufvmMurnf/ NyD;awmh tifwmAsL;udpöuvnf; &Sdaeao;onf/ trsm;BuD; BuKd; pm;Ny;D tapmBu;D xGuv f mcJah om 0if;vJah xG;twGuf wif;xm;orQ aom pdwf"mwfwkdYu t&nfaysmf tdqif;usuek Mf uonf/ vluEk;H csd oGm;onf/ ik½d rHk t S y... G
Ouú| oufEkdifaxG; pdwfyl pjyKvmonf/ 0if;vJhaxG; a&tdrfoGm; onfrSm MumNyD/ tcktcsdefxd vnf; jyefxGufrvm/ vlBuD;awG ar;jref;aeonfrSm wpfa,muf NyD;wpfa,muf NyD;qkH;oGm;cJhNyD/ ,ckwpfa,mufom ar;NyD;oGm; vQifawmh 0if;vJhaxG;\tvSnfh ukd a&mufawmhrnf/ 0if;vJhaxG; bmaMumifhMum ae&wmvJ/ 0if;vJhaxG; bmvkyf aewmvJ/ 0if;vJah xG; bmjzpfae wmvJ / ouf E k d i f a xG ; tzk d Y vJ aygif;rsm;pGmjzifh ½k;H cef;a&SUu {nfh cef;aqmiftwGif;rSm ysm,mcwf aejcif; jzpfonf/ 0if;vJhaxG;u a&tdro f mG ;wma&m [kw&f UJ vm;/ 'guawmh aocsmygonf/ olYukd ar;oGm;ojzifh olukd,fwkdif ]t aemufzuftpGefqkH; nmbufu tcef;}[k ajymjyvku d af o;onf/ ][m...oGm;Ny}D oufEidk af xG; oleY zl;ol ½ku d f onf/ ]taemufzuf tpGefqkH;
b,fbuftcef;} [k ajym&rnfh tpm; oloGm;aeus ]nmbufu tcef;}[k rSm;ajymrdrSef; ,ckrS pOf;pm;rdjcif; jzpfonf/ 'gqk.d .. oufEkdifaxG; a&tdrfcef;&Sd &mukd tajy;tvTm; oGm;onf/ a&tdrfcef;qD a&mufawmh rnf olrQr&S/d trsK;d om;cef;a&m?trsK;d orD;cef;yg tjyifuae csufxkd; xm;onfudk awGUvdu k &f onf/ 'g qkd a&tdrfrSm r&Sdonfuawmh aocsmoGm;Ny/D ]b,furdk sm; xGuo f mG ;&jyef wmvJ 0if;vJhaxG;&,f} nnf;nL rd&if; jyefvSnfhxGuf&ef jyifvkduf pOfrmS yif]'ke;f ...'ke;f ..'ke;f } ]trav;As} oufEkdifaxG; owådacol r[kwf/ trsKd;om;tcef;bufrS ½kwfw&uf Mum;vkduf&aom wHcg;xkoaH Mumifh vefNY y;D ckerf &d if; u zifxkdifusoGm;jcif; jzpfonf/ wHcg;ukd jyL;aMumifMunhrf &d if;]r0if;vJah xG;vm;[if} ][kww f ,f..[kww f ,f.. wHcg; tjrefzGifhprf;yg} ]'ke;f ..'ke;f } oufEidk af xG; xkid &f mrS csuf csi;f xvku d Nf y;D wHcg; csuu f jdk zKwf vku d o f nf/ oufEidk af xG;u wHcg; csut f jzKw.f .. 0if;vJhaxG;u wHcg;aqmifh tqG.J . ]'ke;f } ]aoygNyaD wmh} ]atmifrav;As}
0if;vJhaxG;\ ezl;u wHcg; &GufESifh jyif;jyif;xef ½kdufrdoGm; onf/ yGio hf mG ;aomwHcg;t&Sed Ef iS hf vlu yufvufvefNyD; vJusoGm; onf/ aemufaphu Murf;cif;ESifh rdwq f ufomG ;awmhonf/ oufEkdifaxG;vnf; rouf om/ wHcg;csuftjzKwf txJrS aqmifhqGJcHvkduf&ovkd jzpfoGm; NyD; vlu t&Sdefjzifh 0if;vJhaxG; tay: arSmufckHBuD; vJusoGm;& jcif;jzpfonf/ 0if;vJhaxG;\
rsufESmu oljrifzl;aom rsufESm r[kwf/ aZmacR;awG jyefNyD; rsuf ESmwpfckvkH; EIwfcrf;eDrsm;jzifh ay pGe;f aeonfrh suEf mS jyL;aMumifae onfrh suv f ;Hk ... ]r0if;vJhaxG;...r0if;vJh axG;... b,fvjdk zpfwmvJ[if} oufEkdifaxG; pkd;&drfwBuD; jzifh qGaJ yGUvku d o f nf/ 0if;vJhaxG; aMumufvefY wMum;BuD; atmfcsypfvkdufawmh onf/ ]trav;... vmMuygOD;
&Si}f ckawmhvnf; 0if;vJhaxG;\ toHu i,foHrsm;yif ygoGm;yg onf/ G
OD;ausmx f ifvwftygt0if ½k;H cef;twGi;f rS vlBu;D rsm;tm;vk;H aemufqkH; 0ifa&mufvmrnfh trsK;d orD;ukd apmifah eMujcif; jzpf ygonf/ tcsed u f enf;enf;awmh MumoGm;NyD/ OD;ausmfxifvwf pdwrf &Sn/f ]xGuMf unfMh uprf;Asm.. [kd aumif oufEkdifaxG;yg ac:cJh} wpfa,mufNyD;wpfa,muf ½k;H cef;twGi;f rS xGuv f mMuonf/ {nfhcef;aqmifxJrSm wpfa,muf rSr&S/d {nfch ef;aqmif tjyifbuf xdxGufNyD; MunhfMuonf/ 'DrSm vnf; wpfa,mufrS &Sdrae/ xkd pOfrmS yif... ]trav;.. vmMuygOD; &Si}f ][m... a&tdrfbufu toHMum;&w,fAsKUd } olwkdYtm;vkH; a&tdrfqDukd ajy;oG m ;Muonf / a&td r f q D a&mufawmh olwkdY ajcvSrf;awG wkHYceJ &yfoGm;Muonf/ ][m... a&tdrfbufu toHMum;&w,fAsK}d olwkdYtm;vkH; a&tdrfqDukd ajy;oGm;Muonf/ a&tdrfqD a&mufawmh olwkdYajcvSrf;awG wkecYf eJ &yfomG ;Muonf/ ][m}
\
tmar!dwfoHawG wpfNyKdif wnf;vkdyif xGufvmMuonf/ jrifvkduf&onfh jrifuGif;u &ifzkd p&m... zl;a&mifaeaom ezl;? pkx Yd if aeaomrsuf&nf? pGef;xif;ae aom EIwfcrf;qkd;aq;? jywfae aom zdeyfwpfzuf/vJusaeaom rd e f ; uav;? ayG U xl x m;ol u oufEkdifaxG; jzpfonf/ oufEidk af xG; ol\ acgif; ukd razmf&J/ acgif;u ikHYjrJtwkdif; ikHYxm;rdonf ikHYaeaom olYrsufpd a&SUrSmrS ajctpkHu vmNyD; &yf onf/ uwåDyg ajcn§yfzdeyf/ aMu; eDa&mifig;Muif;uGuyf q k ;dk ?wjznf; jznf;csif; armhMunhfonf/ ajc ovk;H ? 'l;acgif;? aygif? cg;ykpH ? Aku d ?f &if b wf ? vnf y if ; ? ar;aph ? EIwcf rf;arG;..[m... ]q&m} ]acG;rom;...ukid ;f uGm} OD;ausmfxifvwf\ ajc axmufwpfzufu oufEkdfifaxG; \ &ifbwftay: wnfw h nfrh wf rwfBuD;yif usa&mufoGm;awmh onf/ G
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 124
½k;H cef;wpfcef;vk;H tyfusoH Mum;&avmufatmifyif wdwf qdwNf ird o f ufvsu&f o dS nf/ ½k;H cef; \ xdyfqkH;ae&mwGif taqmuf ttkHykHpH a&;qGJxm;aom yef;csD um;BuD;u eH&HwGif cef;vkH;jynfh csw d q f x JG m;jcif; jzpfonf/
yef;csu D m;csyBf u;D \ a&SU wGif &S n f v sm;awmuf a jymif a om pm;yGJckH&SnfBuD;u ae&m,lxm; onf/ yef;csDum;ESifh pm;yGJckH tMum; pm;yGcJ EHk iS hf vku d zf ufaom ukvm;xkdifrsm;u yef;csDum;ukd ausmay;vsuf &Sad eMuonf/ wef;pD csxm;aom xkd ukvm;xkdifrsm;\ tv,fqkH; ukvm;xkid w f iG f OD;ausmx f ifvwf u xkdifaejcif;jzpfNyD;? OD;ausmf wifvwf\ ab;0J^,mwGif tif
wmAsL;twGuf wm0ef&Sdaom vl Bu;D rsm;u rk;d wk;d rwfwwf&adS eMu onf/ pm;yGcJ &Hk n S Bf u;D \ a&SUwnfh wnfh OD;ausmx f ifvwfwEYdk iS hf rsuf ESmcsif;qkdif wpfzufwpfcsufqD rSmawmh ukrÜPDrS 0efxrf;rsm; &Sd aeMuonf/ OD;ausmfxifvwf a'gow Bu;D jzifh pm;yGcJ u Hk dk vufo;D ESihf xk;d csvu dk o f nf/ ]'ke;f } tcef;wGi;f &Sd vlrsm;tm;vk;H vefzY syo f mG ;Muonf/rsuEf mS rnf;
Bu;D aygifcsed rf [kw/f a'goaMumifh rsufESmwpfckvkH; &Jaeaomrsuf ESm&JBuD; OD;ausmfxifvwfjzpf onf/ ezl;wGif vjcrf;ryg/ jyL; us,af eaom rsuv f ;Hk aMumifeh zl; aMumawGu wGefYaeMuonf/ xl xJaeaom EIwcf rf;arG;uatmuf ukd ukyfrae/ xkd;xdk;axmif axmif &Sad eMuonf[x k ifonf/ ][kd acG;rom;ukd ac:cJhMu prf;} 0efxrf;ESpfOD;u oufEkdif axG;ukd wGJac:vmMuonf/ ausmufvEHk iS hf rm[efrY [kwo f vkd ]0,f . ..[,f . .[,f . .} [laom toHukdvnf; rMum;& 0if;vJhaxG;\ ikd½IdufoHomvQif xGufay:vmygonf/ oufEkdif axG;u OD;ausmx f ifvwfEiS hf rsuf ESmcsi;f qkid f ukvm;xkid w f iG f acgif; Bu;D iku d pf u dk cf sNy;D xkid af e&jcif;jzpf onf/ oufEkdifaxG;tzkdY acgif;r azmf0Hhavmufatmifyif cHpm;ae &jcif; jzpfygonf/ olYq&m OD; ausmfxifvwf\rsufESmukd rnf okdYMunhf&rnfrod/ ukrÜPDwpfck vkH;\ cspfcifav;pm;rIukd cHae& aom oufEkdifaxG;twGuf tck awmh 'DvlawGMum;rSm rsufESmu b,fvkd xm;&rnfqkdwm rod/ OD;ausmfxifvwfu ,kHMunfpdwf cspGmjzifhyif vTJajymif;jcif; cH&ol vnf; jzpf\/ tckawmh OD;ausmf xifvwf\ jyL;us,f0kdif;puf aom rsuv f ;Hk tMunhu f oufEidk f axG;twGuf jymjzpf&awmhrvkd
vk/d tajctaeawG tm;vkH;u ½IyfaxG;oGm;chJNyD/ 'Dudpöukd zefwD; olu0if;vJah xG;vm;?rdru d , dk w f idk f vm;qkdwm ra0cGJwwf/ bmyJ jzpfjzpf 0if;vJhaxG;rS vJGvQif ajz &Sif;ay;Ekdifrnfholur&Sd/ 0if;vJh axG;u a&tdrftcef;xJrSm bm vkyfaewmvJ/ bmaMumifh EIwf crf;qkd;aq;awG ayae&wmwJh vJ/ zdeyfua&m bmaMumifh jywf ae&wmvJ/ 'gqkd&if tcef;wHcg; ukd tjyifuae csufxkd;oGm;wm b,folvJ...bmaMumifhvJ.. bmjzpfvkdYvJ/ oufEkdifaxG;\ OD; acgif;wpfcv k ;Hk csmcsmvnfatmif yif rl;aemufomG ;&onf/ ]atmifrm..'Daumifu r aocsiaf ,mifaqmifaewmAs} ]aocsifa,mif aqmifwm ygAsm} ]r[kwfbl;.. trSefu 'D aumif aooifw h ,f} wD;wkd;ajymqkdaeMuolrsm; toHrMum; &ufp&myif jzpf onf/ jzpfEkdifvQifawmh]uRefawmfrsKd; tpGyfpGJcH& wmyg}[kyif atmfvkdufcsifonf/ acG;acgif;"m;puf jrefjrefxw k cf idk ;f vkdufvQif aumif;rnf/ ]'ke;f } ]acG ; rom;... q&m raumif; wynfhacgif;qkdwm 'g rsK;d uG} ½k;H cef;twGi;f rS vlrsm;u OD; ausmfxifvwfukd 0kdif;NyD; Munhf vku d o f nf/
]tJ..tJ..wynfrh aumif; q&mh a cgif ; qk d w m..[m..'g vnf;r[kwfbl;/ ighacgif;ay: awmh yku H srcHEidk b f ;l /rif;raumif; vkdY rif;cH&wmuG em;vnfvm;} oufEkdifaxG; bmrS ajymr aecsif/ 0if;vJhaxG;ukdom tm; ukd;wBuD; vSrf;Munhfvkdufonf/ 0if;vJhaxG;u rsufvkH;csif; rqkHrd atmif acgif;ukd ikHYypfvkdufonf/ ]ajymvkdufav 0if;vJhaxG;/ &Sif;jyvkdufprf;yg.. bmvJ..
rif;&Sufaewmvm;/ zGifhajymzkdY odyfcufaevm;.. &Sdygapawmh uG,f/ ukd,fharwåmukd rif; em; vnf&if auseyfygNyD/ ukd,fhxkduf eJu Y , dk u f &H ydS gapawmhu, G }f ta&;xJ aocgeD;ESJ t&Snf BuD;qGJNyD; yg;pyfu wwGwfwGwf ajym&if; Zmwfodrf;csifaeao; onf/ ]uJ . .ajymprf ; uav;r ..'Daumifu uav;rukd t vkyf&atmif vkyfay;r,fqkdNyD; rsm;}
]tk.d ..r[kwb f ;l ..r[kwf bl;} 0if;vJhaxG;tzkdY r[kwfbl; qkdonfuvGJvQif rnfokdY ajym& rnfqkdonfukd rod/ avmavm q,fawmh 'Dudpöukd b,fvkd ajz &Sif;&rnfqkdonfu tp&Smr& atmifyif jzpfaeonf/ 'gayr,fh olYtwGufESifhyif rqDrqkdif Mum; xJu tom;temcH&ol oufEidk f axG;ukdawmh oem;onf/ ]uav;r&JU t&SufeJYodu©m ukd OD;wkdYem;vnfygw,fuG,f? uav;r jzpfapcsifwmukdajym? bmrSraMumufe}YJ ]r[kwfbl;... r[kwfbl; .. OD;wkdYajymwmawG wpfckrS r [kwb f ;l } OD;ausmfxifvwf ol\ acgif;Bu;D ukd cg,rf;onf/OD;ausmf xifvwf\ eHab;rSm &yfae aom EIwcf rf;arG;ppESihf uke;f pGe;f vkv d v dk u l ]'D r ,f OD ; ausmf x if v wf uav;rukd ar;aevkdY tykdyJav} ]'ke;f } OD;ausmfxifvwf pm;yGJukd vufoD;ESifh xk&if; oufEkdifaxG; &S&d mukd avQmufvmonf/ ]a[haumif..oufEidk af xG;? rif;&JU&mxl;? rif;&JU tqift h wef; eJY 'Dvkdvkyf&ovm;uG..[if/ 'Dvkdtusifh 'Dvkdp½kdufeJY tckvkd odrf;oGif;NyD; rif;.. rif;..rif; ..[if; [if;../ 'gvm;uG ref ae*smaumif;qkw d m ukid ;f uGm} OD;ausmfxifvwf ajymajym
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 126
qkdqkdjzifhyif a'goukd rxdef;Edfkif awmhbJ olYvufoD;u oufEkdif axG;\ ar;½kd;ay:ukd wnfhwnfh Bu;D usa&mufomG ;onf/ oufEkdifaxG; rnfokdYrQ rcH Ekdif/ vla&m ukvm;xkdifyg ypfvJ usoGm;onf/ r[kwfbl;[k x atmfjyefvQifvnf; rnfolurQ ,kMH unfMurnfr[kw/f 0if;vJah xG; uvnf; bmaMumifrh sm;.. ]a[haumif.. rif; xGuf oGm;? 'DukrÜPDeJY rif;eJY bmrS rywfoufawmhbl;/ vmp&m vnf; rvkb d ;l ? vkypf &mvnf;rvkd bl;? trIrzGifhwm uHaumif;aeNyD uG em;vnfvm; jrefjrefxGuf oGm;prf;uGm.. Mum&if...} oufEkdifaxG; acgif;uav; armhNy;D ... ]q&m} ]atmifrm... udik ;f uGm} MuHK&mae&mukd vSdrfhuef onf/ rnfolurQvnf; 0ifrqGJ/ oufEkdifaxG;ukd rkef;wD;oGm;MuNyD vm;rod/ ]ukad xG;..ukad xG;..tk.d . ukad xG;awmh aoygNy}D 0if;vJah xG; raeEkid ?f rMunhf &uf/ oufEkdifaxG;&Sd&mukd ajy; oGm;NyD; qGJayGUxlvkdufonf/ NyD; awmh... ]r[kwb f ;l ..r[kwb f ;l /&Sif wkx Yd ifovkd wpfcrk S r[kwb f ;l tD; [D; [D; [D;} OD;ausmfxifvwf tyg t0if tm;vkH;u tHhtm;oifhukef Muonf/
]aeprf;ygOD; uav;r&JU .. 'Daumifu rif;uk.d .} ]r[kwb f ;l ..r[kwb f ;l } OD;ausmfxifvwf pdwfr &Snf/ a'gooHBuD;jzifh atmfypf vku d o f nf/ ][m... wpfcsdefvkH; r [kwfbl;csnf; atmfaerSawmh wkdY u bmvkyf&rSmvJ} 0if;vJhaxG; veYo f mG ;onf/ uke;f pGe;f vkv d u l ]OD;ausmfxifvwf pdwfukd xdef;ygAsm/ uav;ruvnf; t rSeftwkdif; ajymjyaygh[kwfvm;/ OD;ausmx f ifvwf[m bufrvku d f wwfygbl;/ trSeu f t dk rSet f wkid ;f jzpfap&r,f/ ukrÜPDu tkyfcsKyf ol vlBu;D wpfa,mufyguG,/f uJ ..a[h 0if;vJah xG;ukd ukvm;xdik f ,lay;vku d yf gOD;} ukrP Ü u D 0efxrf;wpfO;D u OD;ausmfxifvwf\ pm;yGJckHBuD; a&SUrSm 0if;vJah xG;twGuf ukvm; xkdifcsay;vkdufonf/ oufEkdif axG;u usefausmif;r[kwfovkd 0if;vJhaxG;uvnf; rif;orD;r [kwf/ rsufESm&JBuD; OD;ausmfxif vwfu ol\ EIwfcrf;arG;rsm;ukd vufjzifhoyf&if; acgif;wndwf ndwjf zif.h .. ]udkif;... ajymprf;ygOD; uav;r&,f} ]t[if.h .t[if.h .[if.h . 'D... 'Dvkdyg&Sif} wDAZGD mwfvrf;wGrJ sm;twkid ;f yif ikdoHjzifh pvkdufonf/ ]uRefr tdrfu xGufvm awmh...}
þae&mwGif aMumfjim r0if yg/ 0if;vJhaxG;u &SufrsufESm aemufxm;NyD; tdrfu xGufvm onfrStp.. zdeyfteif;cH&rI tygt0if.. rkefY[if;cg;pm;NyD; oumva&tdr0f if&onfu h pd Eö iS hf wHcg;tydwfcHvkduf&rI tqkH; pD umywfu;Hk ajymcsvu dk af wmhonf/ Ny;D awmh iko d jH zifyh if olr\ pum; ukd tqk;H owfvu dk o f nf/ ]t[if.h ..[if.h .[if.h . tJ'g ukdoufEkdifaxG;u wHcg;ukd wGef;NyD;tzGifh uRefru wHcg;ukd aqmift h qG.J ..t[if.h .t[ifh ..tD;..[D; [D;} pdw0f ifwpm;jzifh em;axmif aeMuolawGtm;vkH;\ rsufESm rsm;u ½IHUoGm;vkduf? rJhoGm;vkduf jzpfaeNyD; oufEkdifaxG;u wHcg; wGef;tzGifh qkdonfhae&mrSm rsuf vkH;awG tpGrf;ukef jyL;us,foGm; Muonf/ tNy;D owfrmS ]aMomf.. 'Dvkdvm;? wkdYxif ovkdvnf; r[kwfbl;} qkdonfh pdwu f ;l rsm;jzif-h ][if;} qkdonfh oufr cs vku d o f nfh toHBu;D xGuaf y:vm ygonf/ OD;ausmfxifvwf u awmh olY&ifbwfuav;ukd vuf ESizhf &d if;][if;..awmfygao;&JUuG,?f OD;wkYdtjrifrSm;oGm;&wJhtwGuf awmif;yefygw,f oufEkdifaxG; ..q&mhudk cGiv hf w T yf guGm..½kwf w&ufBu;D qdak wmh} oufEkdifaxG; rsufESmi,f
uav;jzifyh if ][kwf..[kwfuJhyg.. &yg w,fq&m}[kom ajymvkdufEkdif onf/ ]aeprf;ygOD;uG,f uav;r u wHcg; ydwfoGm;wJhvlukd rjrif vku d b f ;l vm;} ][kwf..[kwfuJh..rjrif vku d yf gbl;&Si}f ]uav;rES,u f , G .f .tcef; xJ 0ifvmwJhvlwpfa,mufvkH; ukad wmif rjrifvu dk b f ;l qkad wmh} ]tJ..tJ..tJ'gawmh jrif vku d yf gw,f} ]'g..'gqkd..bmukd rjrif vku d w f mvJ[if} ][kd..[kd uRefru vlukd awmh jrifvkdufygw,f/ aMumuf tm;veft Y m;eJY rsupf yd w d yf pfvu dk f wmqkdawmh b,folb,f0g rod vku d yf gbl;&Si}f ]awmfao;wmayghu, G f .. [if;..[if;..[if;} ][J..[J..[J} ][m;..[m;..[m;..[m;} OD;ausmfxifvwfu bm oabmESifh ajymonfrod/ em; axmifaeMuonfh vlawGub,f vkd oabmaygufoGm;Muonfqkd wmukd em;rvnf/ olw\ Ydk rsupf d xJrSm ta&;BuD;onfhudpöqkdwm Bu;D ukd uGi;f ceJ? xif;ceJ jrifomG ; Muonfxifygonf/ ½kH;cef;wpf cef;vkH; &,farmoHrsm;jzifh zkH; vTr;f oGm;onf/ &Sut f m;i,f&ol u 0if;vJah xG;yif jzpfonf/ uke;f pGe;f vkv d u l ...
]t[rf;...[kwfyghAsm.. uav;ru rjrifbl;yJ xm;OD; awmh 0ifvmwJholu jrif&rSmaygh ..tawmfearmferhJEkdifwJhvlAsm ..[m;..[m;} ][J..[J.. 'guawmh olY rSmvnf; ta&;Bu;D wJu h pd &ö v dS Ydk ae rSmayghAsm? [J...[J...[J.. [if;..[if;..[if;..[D;..[D; [m;...[m;..[m;} OD;ausmfxifvwfu bmukd oabmusonfrod olYbmom olajym&if;ESifhyif toHxGufrsKd;pkH jzifh &,farmypfvkdufawmhonf/ trSeaf wmh OD;ausmx f ifvwf&u S f aejcif; jzpfrnfxifygonf/ G
tckawmh udpötm;vkH; t ay: tjrifMunfvifoGm;chJMuNyD jzpfygonf/ 0if;vJah xG;ukd ukrP Ü D rS trsK;d orD;rsm;u olw\ Ydk tcef; xJukd qGJac:oGm;&if; 0kdif;0ef;jyK jyiftm;ay;vku fd Mf uonf/ aemuf Ny;D bmawG AsL;vku d Mf uao;onf rod/ tcef;xJrS xGufvmaom 0if;vJhaxG;\ rsufESmu jyHK;pdpd BuD; jzpfaeonf/ oufEkdifaxG;u qif0if atmufrSm apmifhaecJhonf/ qkdif u,fukdvnf; tqifoifh jzpf atmif ,lxm;cJhonf/ tcef;xJ rS xGufvmaom 0if;vJhaxG;u apmapmuESirhf wl ,ckrS ykNd y;D vS aeonf[yk if xifonf/ ]r0if;vJah xG;} ]&Si}f
]uRefawmf vkdufykdYay;yg& ap} ]rvkyd gbl;&Si}f ]vkw d mayghAsm} ]bmjzpfv}Ykd ]r0if;vJhaxG;&JU ajcaxmuf rSm...} 0if;vJhaxG; zswfceJ ol\ ajcaxmufudk iHMkY unhv f u dk o f nf/ ][,fawmf} rsufESmukdom t"duxm; Ny;D jyifqifvm&aom 0if;vJah xG; twGuf ajcaxmufwGif zdeyfryg &Sdyg/ ukrÜPDrS trsKd;orD;rsm; uvnf; zdeyfukdawmhjzifh tykd aqmif;,lvmMurnfr[kw/f ]oGm;jyefygNy}D 0if;vJhaxG; pdwfysufvuf ysuBf u;D yif nnf;nLvku d o f nf/ ]uJ..vmyg r0if;vJhaxG; &,f...} 0if;vJhaxG; qufNyD; jiif;qkd ae&ef rjzpfEidk af wmh/ ]aus;Zl;wifygw,f r0if;vJh axG;} ]&Si}f ]aMomf.. uRefawmfh apw emukd vufcw H t hJ wGu.f ..} ]oGm;prf;yg..} ]oGm;aeygNyAD sm..} Zmwfvrf;u tckrS pjcif; jzpfygonf/ qkdifu,fuav;u nifompGmyifvrSd x hf u G v f monf/ ][,f.. ukdoufEkdfifaxG; ..cP..cP} ][m.. bmjzpfvkdYvJ[if .. r0if;vJhaxG;}
\
][kd.. [kd.. ta&;BuD;wJh udp}ö
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 128
oufEkdifaxG; rsufvkH;jyL; oGm;onf/ ]Asm.. Ak d u f e mvmjyef N yD aygh..[kwv f m;} ]r[kwb f ;l .. r[kwb f ;l . . [kd..[kd uRefr 'Dukdvmwmu vlawGUppfaq;zkdYvmwmav/ tJ 'g olwkdY uRefrukd rAsL;&ao;bl; &Si}hf ][mAsm.. bmrsm;vJvYdk 'Dh xuf vlawGUNyD; 'Dhxufrsm; ppf aq;&OD;rSmvm; r0if;vJhaxG; &,f.. OD;ausmfxifvwfu cif Asm;ukd cefv Y u dk yf gNyAD sm [m; [m; [m;} ][if..&Siu f bmvko Yd }d ]uRefawmfu refae*smav .. r0if;vJhaxG;&JU} ]½k;H tulq}dk ][kwfw,fav.. tJ'Dh tcsed w f ek ;f u tifwmAsL;twGuf ½k;H rSm ulae&wJh tcsed q f adk wmh..} ]oGm;..vlnmBu;D } ]rnmygbl; r0if;vJhaxG; &,f.. wu,fajymwmyg} ]bmukad jymwmvJ} oufEkdifaxG;u bmrS jyef rajymawmhbJ qkdifu,fukd vrf; ab;rSm uyfNyD; &yfvkdufonf/ ]bmjzpfvkdYvJ ukdoufEkdfif axG;} ]ta&;Bu;D wJu h pd &ö v dS yYdk gAsm} ][if... 'gqkd &Sifvnf; Aku d ef mvmjyefNyaD ygh [kwv f m;} oufEkdifaxG; acgif;ndwfjy
vku d o f nf/ 0if;vJhaxG;u ab;bD0J,m ukd Munhv f u dk &f if;.. ]'kuy© gyJ&iS }f ]r'ku©ygbl;Asm..'Dudpöu r0if;vJhaxG; ulnD&if &ygw,f} ]&Sif.. uRefru ulnD& r,f[w k v f m;..rvky.f .rvkyyf g eJY&Sif.. uRefr.. uRefr} ]][mAsm...r0if;vJhaxG; uvnf;... uRefawmf Akdufem wmu wpfrsKd;As}
]&Si}f ]'Dvkdyg r0if;vJhaxG;} 0if;vJah xG;u oufEidk af xG; ukd ai;pkdufNyD; Munhfonf/ ][k.d .r0if;vJah xG;..ta&; Bu;D wJh udpw ö ek ;f u ajz&Si;f vku d f rS aygh y g;oG m ;wmr[k w f v m;.. uRefawmfh ta&;BuD;wJh udpö uvnf; zGichf svu dk rf S aeom xkid f om&Srd mS rk}Yd
]rzGiv hf Ydk r&bl;vm;[if} ]rjzpfb;l As} 0if;vJah xG; rsupf yd suf rsuf ESmysuBf u;D jzifyh if]'gqkd..b,fvkd vkyfMur vJ[if} ]b,fvkdrS rvkyf&ygbl; r 0if;vJah xG;&,f/ uReaf wmfav r 0if;vJhaxG;ukd cspfw,f} ]&Si}f cspjf cif;ESihf Aku d ef mjcif;onf rsKdodyfxm;í r&paumif;aom t&mrsm; jzpfygonf/ tcsdefMum oGm;ygu tvkdvkd yGifhxGufoGm; wwfygonf/ 0if;vJah xG;u ulnD Ekid rf nf rulnED idk rf nfrodEifdk af o; yg/ aocsmwmwpfckawmh &Sdyg onf/ oufEidk af xG;ESi0hf if;vJah xG; u ukrP Ü w D pfcx k rJ mS tvkyv f yk f Mu&awmhrnf jzpfygonf/ 'D twGuf OD;ausmx f ifvwftzkYd ol \ EIwfcrf;arG;rsm;ukd &dwfypf aumif; &dwfypfrnf jzpfygawmh onf/ ]aMomf...q&m&,f} ausmf n Kd v G i f ( ausmuf q nf )
[mo0w¦KwkdNyKdifyGJtrSwf (71) trSwf(99)? Ekd0ifbm? 2003? aomif ; ajymif ; axG v m&,f p &mr*¾ Z if ; NyKdifyGJ0ifrsm;okdY jyefMum;csuf ES p f o d r f h q k 1/
ykid o f Qirf if;(rk;d ukw)f ]vES p f p if ; &J U tcspf t aMumif ; } 2/ yef;c&rf;jym(a&OD;)? &,f^pmcspo f -l 2297 ]tysKd B uD ; jzpf & onf h t aMumif ; &if ; } 3/ vljymav;(yckuLú )? &,f^pmcspo f -l 5818 ]wl;bGKd i;f vIy&f mS ;rI}
NyKd i f y G J 0 if v uf c H & &S d a om0w¦ K rsm; 4/
uH0if;? &,f^pmcspo f -l 283 ]aMomf...Zmwfq&m...Zmwfq&m} om,muke;f &GmrS &Sprf suEf mS bk&m;yGw J iG f ujy aomvli,fh tm;rmef t&yfZmwftzGUJ \ tqif rajyrIrsm;ukd [motjzpf a&;zGJUxm;onf/ [moa&;[efoifyh gonf/ Zmwfvrf;cGJ a&;wwf &efESifh &Snfvsm;pGm a&;zGJUYxm;jcif;rsm;ukd jyKjyif oifyh gonf/ 5/ t½kP.f .. &,f^pmcspo f -l 2825 ]wrf ; waeqJ } rcs,f&Dukd cspfrdaom aevif; cHpm;rItawGU tMuHKrsm;ukd jyefvnfwrf;wonfh ykHpHESifh a&;zGJU onf/ 0w¦Kww dk pfy'k t f jzpf wnfaqmufrt I cef; u@rsm; vkdtyfygonf/ 6/
oD[oufw?H &,f^pmcspo f -l 2360 ]awmaMumif E S i f h a wmif a Mum} oa&mfpmtjzpf a&;om;[ef qef;opfaomf
vnf; xda&mufpmG wifjyxm;onfh [mor&Syd g/ [moajrmufpmG a&;zGUJ oifyh gonf/ 7/ pkEiS ;f yGihf ]zk d ; wm\tonf ; uG J j cif ; tw¦ K yÜ w å d } rrukd cspfrdaom zkd;wmtaMumif; jzpfonf/ [moa&;uGurf sm; oifah omfvnf; Zmwfvrf;½k;d pif;ygonf/ 8/ {uef(tEkynm) (u) qm;ykvif;'if;a'gifESifh ,kef0gyufuD t½IyfawmfykH.. (c) qm;ykvif;'if;a'gifESifh ESmacgif;rD;ykHyg ayh.. 0w¦KESpfyk'fpvkH;rSm pkHaxmuf[mojzpfonf/ qm;ykvif;'if;a'giftrI pkHprf;azmfxkwfykHrsm;ukd vSnhfuGufqifa&;zGJUonf/ a&;[efoifhygonf/ [moajrmufrI vkt d yfaeygao;onf/ 9/ oJo(J rEÅav;) ]ypf r S w f v G J E S v k H ; om;} Zmwfvrf;Zmwfuu G f Zmwfaqmifp½ku d rf sm;ukd ay:vGipf mG a&;zGUJ wwfzYdk vkt d yfygonf/ a&;om; zGUJ EGUJ ykH vkt d yfaeygao;onf/ 10/ rk;d om;(orkid ;f )? &,f^pmcspo f -l 5125 ]emrnfqef;av; ay;vkdufcsifonf} &Snv f sm;pGm a&;zGUJ xm;onf? Zmwfvrf;ukd &Si;f vif;pGm a&;zGUJ wifjyoifyh gonf/ 11/ cspv f eG ;f ol ]pyf a qmh r d a omwpf n wm0,f } &yfuGufxJwGif q&mBuD; vkyfaom ukdBuD; ausmftaMumif;jzpfonf/ aZmfrkd;ESifh ,rif;wkdY vSnfhuGufrdoGm;ykHukd [motjzpf a&;zGJUonf/ 0gusrsm; ajyjypfacsmarmpGm a&;zGUJ wwfzYdk vkt d yf ygonf/ wm0ef c H t ,f ' D w m
\
usD;rEkd;yGJtjyif Ak'j¨ rwfpm G a'opm&D
atmif-rifhrkd;
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 130
a[h...oli,fcsi;f uswMf umO rif;usDu ]uswfMumOac:} "avh[m t&rf;aysmfp&maumif;w,f cifAs/ uswfMumOac:yGJu wef aqmifrkef;vjynfhnrSm usif;yMuwm/ uRefawmfwkdY rdwfaqGrsm; aomuuif;pifjrL;aysmf&TifcsifMu&ifjzifh rif;usD ukd
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 132
olrsm; acsmufwGef;wm? zsHuswm? vlvnfvkyfwm rcH&atmif &nf&G,fwJhavhusifhcef;/ rif;usDom;rSef&if uswfMumO rac:bl;olr&Sd/ 'Dhjyiftcsdef vlolawmfaumif;? vl½kd;vlat;av;/ yg;pyfxJ vufxkd;ay;vkdY ruku d w f wfb;l qkw d v hJ /l wefaqmifwifdk n f vmMunh/f b,favmuf½;dk at;ovJ/ t&ifvdk xkx H t Hk t? rvIyf wvIy?f ukad &T½;dk av; [kwaf o;&JUvm;vk/Yd jrefrmEkid if o H m;wkid ;f oMueF yf EJG aJT ysmo f vkd rif;uso D m;wkid ;f uswf MuOyGJ ETJpjrJ/ trsm;ajymavhajymxpum;u ]uswf...vla,mifaqmifw,f}wJh/ rif;usDom;awGu ]vlu... uswaf ,mifaqmifwm}/ xrefov D rl sK;d EG,u f usm;jzpfqo dk vk?d vluae uswjf zpfomG ;Muwm/ wefaqmif wkdif&if vlawG[m tvkdkvkdjrL;&Tif? wuf
umuG,af &;Oya't& ta&;,l tjypfay;&ygvdrrhf ,f...} OD;jyL;armif aMunmoGm;wmukd umvom;tm;vk;H vkv d u dk rJu h m&GUJ um ycH;k wGeMYf uw,f/ yGw J idk ;f ETaJ eus vlrsm;u ]nusord ,f? aeESiOhf ;D }qkd tNiK;d eJaY w;xm;Muw,f/ 'Dval wGuawmh ta&SUacsmifom; ukjd zLvS? ukv d ;l / awmifacsmifom;u ukad rmifvif;? ukv d ufy?dk ukad pmxD;/ taemufacsmifom; ukw d ifaz? ukw d u dk sK?d ukdcspfwkd;/ ajrmufacsmifom; ukdvSckd? ukdcsKdat;wkdY/ olwkdYu wefaqmifwkdif ZmwfvkdufawG/ vjynfhaeY? yGJ0ifzkdY wkdifyifaeMuwJh ukdwkdusKdu? ukdwifazukd... ]Ouú|... aMunmoGm;wm? Mum;vm;...ukad v;wifaz..} ]at;? Mum;om;yJ..} ]cifAsm;.. b,fvkd oabm&vJ...} ]olvnf; olt Y vkyf olvyk ?f wkv Yd nf; wkt Yd vkyw f Ydk vkyMf uwmayghumG ? wkb Yd ;dk bGm;awG acwftqufquf vufcu H sio hf ;Hk vmwJh ,Ofaus;rIudk olv Y ufxufrS zsuyf pf&r,f&,fv?Ydk odMua&maygh..} ]b,fvo dk rd mS vJ? ukad v;wifaz...} ]igawmh jyL;armifhtdrfukd bk&m;r&? &atmifykdYr,f} ]olYtdrfu tjrJwrf; &Jom;ESpfa,muftapmifheJY? acG;uvnf; i&JacG;vkd..qkd;rSqkd;...} ]wku d sK&d m... rif;uvnf;? rde;f uav;usv?Ydk pk;d &drw f wfvu dk w f m? rif;uso D m; r[kww f t hJ wkid ;f ..} ukdarmifvif;wkdYtdrfrSmvnf; olwkdYvlpk wD;wkd;? wD;wkd;eJY/ ukdarmifvif;u... ]vufykd? rif;... rdausmif;yef;EG,faum &Smxm;NyD;NyDvm;} ]&SmNyD;NyD? tacG... usifhxm;wmawmif okH;&uf&NyD? ighEG,fBuKd;eJY awGUvkdufvkdYuawmh wpfcgwnf; bl;EG,yf wfovkd jzpfomG ;&aphr,f..} ]at;..'gqk?d tawmfy}J rdausmif;EG,fu wjcm;acsmifuaumifawG ukd,fhacsmifxJ 0ifaESmifh,Suf&if ynmay;zkdY/ rdausmif; EG,fukd rpifeJYvl;/ vlaemufvlajymifawG vmr,hfvrf;u pnf;okH;wefwm;xm;wmrSmav/ vlwpf&yfpm tae txm;avmufreS ;f / vrf;r&JU 'Dbuftrd ef YJ [kb d uftrd f 0if;x&HMum; tomn§yx f m;/ acG;½l;0uf½;l vkd tljrL;NyD; uref;uwef; twif;ajy;qif;vmwJh uHqkd;ol? olaumif;om;tzkdY EG,fBuKd;0ifwkd;vkdYuawmh Munhaf umif;vku d rf ,fjh zpfjcif;/ EG,u f ya'gifwidk ;f &if;ol vnfyif;aMu;acGpyG x f m;ovkd txyfxyf &pfacG ywfaerSm/ aemufNy;D ...oGm;av&m tarG;eHw Y axmif;axmif;u vku d af erSm/ ]nGefYat;... MuufoGefeDwkdY? xGefjcpfwkdY? 0g;wkdYaum tqifoifhNyDaemf} ]at;..} MuufoeG ef OD u Muufc;dk &mok;H zkaYd v/ b,fv"dk mwfoabmvnf;rod/ MuufoeG ef .D .. vufz0g;yGwNf y;D tdyfwef;wufaewJhMuufem; teHYay;vkduf&if toHrjrnfapbJ zrf;&vG,fygbdoeJY/ opfyifay: u Muufuadk um/ xGejf cpfomG ; MuufoeG ef OD csw d /f xGejf cpfudk 0g;vk;H xdyzf sm; BuK;d csn/f Muuf&&dS m tom uav; xkd;ay;vkduf/ MuufoGefeHYowådaMumifh opfukdif;ay:u Muuf[m xGefjcpfqD ul;avQmufvma&m/ ukjd rifo h ef;u ]'Dn? b,folawGukd uswfMumO ac:rSmwkef;} Nird ;f ausmu f ol..wpfEpS pf m aw;rSwx f m;wJh rSwpf pk mtkyu f dk vSr;f ypfay;vku d w f ,f/ ukjd rifo h ef;u avQmufzwfMunhNf y;D ?
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 134
]'gawG.. tukeaf c:rSmvm;..} ]'DxJu rSwfrSwf&&vl a&G;ac:rSmav} ukad rmifvif;u ]uefYvefYwkdY bmwkdYawmh ig vkyfNyD;NyD} uswfMumOu ac:ykHac:enf; trsKd;rsKd;&Sdwm/ cspfvnf;ac:? rkef;vnf;ac:/ jypfrIwpfpkHwpf&m usL; vGefolukd aemifrrSm;zkdY/
qkd vSr;f xkw,f/ aemuf qufqufac:wJt h cg jc0H if;wHcg;zGihf cuf&if;cGqx JG u G v f u dk w f ,f/ b,f&rvJ/ ukjd zLvSwu Ydk ok;H ae&m? vlpck aJG c:wJ[ h muk/d awmifbufvu dk ?f ajrmufbufuac:/ ajrmufbufajy;vku d ?f taemuftyk pf u k ac:/ ]a[h... armifrIdif;a&TyGifh? r,m;w½l;? rif;tonf;aMumfuav; cifcifu rvmwmMumvkdY vGrf;em usaeowJah [h...} [ku d 'Du toHawG 0kid ;f atmfac:awmh a&TyiG hf b,fvu dk &f rSe;f rodawmhb;l / [kad jy;vku d ?f 'Dajy;vku d ef /YJ t½l;vdkjzpfNyD; vlvnf; zwfzwfarmaeNyD/ wpfa,mufeJYtrsm;rkdY olt&J rukd;&Jbl;/ ukdjzLvS? ukdvl;wkdYu &SpfoHcsDwJh toHpkHeJY vSrf;pvkduf/ a&TyGifh...awmifajy;? ajrmufajy;jzpfaewmMunhf? pdwfrqkd;qkd;atmif qGay;wJhtaeeJY r&,fcsifbJ zspfn§pfatmf&,fvkdufMueJY/ b,fvkdrS a&TyGifh rvIyf&Jawmhbl;/ tdrfxJ0if tomukyfae&awmhw,f/ 'Duac:vkdY tm;&awmh aemufwpfae&m? aemufwpfOD; ajymif;Mujyefa&m/ uswMf umOac:tzGUJ awG awmifacsmifa&mufawmh b,facsmiftzGUJ vnf; rodb;l / ukad rmifvif;? ukd vufyw dk Ydk wm;xm;wJh pnf;ok;H wefE, G Bf uK;d acGudk yufyif;oGm;wk;d rdMuw,f/ ][if..[m? aomufacG;? tarwkYd tazwkYd ru,fMuawmhb;l vm;...}qkw d hJ &Twaf emufaemuftoHawG t&ifMum;vku d &f Ny;D ? tckvdk oDcsi;f qufatmfqo dk H Mum;&w,f/ ]yef;EG,u f pdr;f ...arT;..arT;w,f} noef;acgifcsO;f csed /f ukad rmifvif;? ukn d eG aYf t;wkt Yd zGUJ Muufav;? ig;? ajcmufaumif&Ny;D Ny/D awmif acsmiftpGet f zsm; OD;a&TneG w Yf t Ydk rd rf mS umvom;csu?f csu/f wcsKUd ...aMumf/ Muufom;[if;eJY xrif;0kid ;f zGJUoluzGJU/ MuufaMumfukd t&ufeJYjrnf;olu jrnf;eJY/ wpf&GmvkH;vSnhfywf? pGefYpGefYpm;pm;? usDp,faemuf ajymif? aoG;½l;aoG;wef; ajy;vTm;cJ&h orQ ckrS tarmajyawmhw,f/ oli,fcsi;f wpfpk atmifyt JG xdr;f trSwf eJY pnf;pdrfBuD; cHaeMuNyD/ ukdwifaz? ukdwkdusKdwkdYtzGJUu bkef;BuD;ausmif;u bk&m;wpfqlyifhvmcJhNyD/ Ouú|tdrfeJYuyfvsuf OD;aygufpwkt Yd rd rf mS acwåow D if;ok;H awmfral ew,f/ bk&m;a'opm&D
\
EGm;jceH m; a&mufaeMuwmuk;d / bk;d oHt h rd u f &GmxJrmS / olu wpf e,fom;/ rk&H mG e,fu olEY mG ;jcu H aywpf&mvrf;ab; &Gmjh yif rus wusrSm &Sdw,f/ ukdvSckdwkdYu bkd;oH? EGm;jcHem;u tdrfawG tuJ cwf? uswfMumO vSnfhywfac:Munfh/ wpftdrfrS wkHYjyefoH rMum;& bl;/ wpf&yfuGufvkH; wdwfqdwfvkdY/ bkd;oHu ol ttdyftaeenf;aMumif;? tdyfa&;yg;aMumif;? ajcoHMum;&ifoad Mumif;? nn olrtdyf wJt h aMumif; ol&w dS t hJ &yf olc;dk ruyf0aHh Mumif;awG awGU&mvludk
aa m m
t|rtBudrfajrmuf tm&SumwGef;jyyGJ(2) ukdausmf
t|rtBudrfajrmuf tm&SumwGef;jyyGJ (2003)wGif tm&S 11 EkdifiHrS umwGef;q&m 13 OD;\ umwGef;vuf&mrsm;ukd jyornf jzpfonf/ *syefEkdifiHESifh w½kwfEkdifiHwkdYrS umwGef;q&mESpfOD;pD yg0ifonf/ usefEkdifiHrsm;rS wpfOD;pD jzpfonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHrS q&mbaX;Munf yg0ifonf/ umwGef;acgif;pOfukd b0\ t"dymÜ ,f[k ay;xm;onf/
q&mbaX;Munfudk 1962 ckEpS w f iG f arG;zGm;onf/ &efukefwuúokdvfrS owåaA' t"dujzifh odyÜHbGJU&&Sdonf/ r*¾Zif;? *sme,f rsm;ESihf uav;rsm;twGuf vpOfxw k af 0aom yvkww f w k *f sme,fww Ydk iG f umwGe;f rsm; a&;qGJ cJhonf/ *&yfzpfyef;csD 'DZkdif;q&mtjzpf &yf wnfvsuf&Sdonf/ ¤if;\ ykHrsm;xJrS touf 65 ESpfa&muf vlBuD;rsm;\b0ukd ykHazmfoGm; aom umwGe;f av;ukd vufurf;aMumfjimwGif azmfjyxm;onf/
\
tif'kdeD;&Sm;rS rkd[mrufem*spfukd 1966 wGif arG;zGm;onf/ tif'kdeD;&Sm; bmomjzifh xkwaf 0aom aeYpOfowif;pm tywfpOfxkwf r*¾Zif;rsm;wGif yg0ifa&; om;&if; umwGe;f q&mb0jzifh b0ukd &yfwnfonf/ jynfwiG ;f ESihf Ekid if w H um umwGe;f NyKid yf rJG sm;wGif qkrsm;pGm &cJhzl;onf/ 19 Budfrfajrmuf ,kdrDtk&DEkdifiHwum umwGef;NyKdifyGJwGif ESpfodrfhqk&cJhonf/ aiGxkyfykdufNyD; jyefvmolESifh 0kdif;trJzsufzkdY MuHaeolwkdYukd o½kyfazmfvkdufykHrSm xdrdvSyg\/
*syefrS IMAHASE HARUMI ukd 1946 wGif arG;zGm;onf/ em*qmuD wuúokdvfrS bGJU&wpfOD; jzpfonf/ *syef jynfwiG ;f ESihf Ekid if w H um umwGe;f qkrsm; &cJo h nf/*syefumwGe;f q&mrsm;toif;ESihf Oa&myumwGe;f q&mrsm; toif; (FECO) tzGJU0ifjzpfonf/ olr\ umwGef;av;rsm;rSm ½kd;½kd;av;ESifh xdrdvSygonf/
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm
*syefrS TOKORO YUKIYOSHI ukd 1947 wGif arG;zGm;onf/ 20 Budrf 138 ajrmuf(1991)? *syefumwGef;toif;\ yxrqkBuD; &cJhonf/ tjcm;qkrsm;tjyif
Ekid if w H um umwGe;f jyyGrJ sm; rSvnf; ¤if;\ umwGe;f rsm; ukd a&G;cs,fazmfjyjcif; cH& onf/ *syefumwGef;q&m rsm;toif;0ifwpfOD;jzpfNyD; rtdedcsd owif;pmBuD;ESifh r*¾Zif;rsm;wGif umwGe;f rsm; tjrJ a&;qGJonf/ u,f&D au;csm; umwGe;f a&;qGrJ I ukd tm;oef o nf / tawG ; qef;onf/
awmifukd&D;,m;rS SIN YOUNG-SIK ukd 1949 wGif arG; zGm;onf/ av;uGufjzifh o½kyfazmf aom umwGef;rsm; tqGJrsm;onf/ jyifopfumwGe;f jyyGw J iG f awmifu&dk ;D
rav;&S m ;rS
,m;Ekid if u H dk ud, k pf m;jyK umwG e f ; q&m tjzpf yg0ifcJhonf/ b0\ t"dymÜ ,fuu dk av;i,f av;wkdY\ vkyf&yfESifh ykaH zmfomG ;ygw,f/
ZAINAL
BUANG HUSSEIN ukd
1954 wGif arG;zGm;onf/ umwGe;f q&m? yef;csD q&m? pma&;q&m? uAsmq&m tjzpf tjrJ tvkyfrsm;aeol jzpfonf/ jynfwGif;ESifh EkdifiHwum umwGef;NyKdifyGJ? jyyGJ? aqG;aEG;yGJtawGU tMuKH rsm;pGm &So d l jzpfonf/ rav;&Sm;umwGe;f toif;\ Ouú|ESihf ASEAN umwGe;f toif;\ Ouú|vnf; jzpfonf/ ]Munhf... rif;wdkYtar jyefvmNyD}qkdwJh rdom;pk b0jyvkdufykHrSm oabmusp&m jzpf&yg\/
zdvpfykdifrS
MANUEL AENUE
ukd 1970wGif arG;zGm;onf/ tEkynmbGUJ &wpfO;D jzpfNy;D aeYpOfxw k f owif;pmBu;D \ umwGef;t,f'DwmESifh tEkynm qkid v f ufaxmuf 'g½ku d w f mwpfO;D FRANCISCO
jzpfonf/ zdvpfykdif umwGef; toif;\ tzGJU0if wpfOD; jzpf onf/ jynfwGif; jynfy qk&cJholwpf OD;jzpfonf/ *&yfzf'D Zdkif;q&m wpfOD;yDyD ¤if;\umwGe;f rsm;rSm 'DZkdif;ykHqefqef jzpf onf/
\
pifumylrS LEE CHEE S w f iG f arG;zGm; CHEW ukd 1966 ckEp onf/ THE STRAITS TIMES owif;pmBu;D wGif av;uGuyf aHk zmf umwGe;f tjrq J o JG nf/ trSww f pf&may;&if wpf&m/ yxr/ yxrtjrJ vkdcsifwJh puFmylEkdifiHom;wkdY\ b0ukd ykHazmfvkdufykHu &,f&jyHK;&yg\/
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 140
xkdif;rS KUARD ukd 1970 wGif arG;zGm;onf/ tEkynmbGJU& wpfOD; jzpfonf/ aeYpOfxkwf owif;pmESifh umwGef;r*¾Zif;rsm;wGif tjrJqGJonf/ ol\ykHjzifh ykdpwmxkwfonf/ vuf&mu oefYonf/ &Sif;onf/ xif;onf/ t"dyÜm,fu av;eufonf/ ykdpwmrS ajcav;acsmif;ygonfh Muuftxl;tqef;ukd &Sdckd;ylaZmfaeNyD; bkef;BuD;ukd arhaeMuykHjyuGufrSm xdrdvSonf/ rdrd\ uav;ukd xdef;odrf;oGefoifaeMu aom rdbukd o½kyfazmfykHrSm xdrdvGef;vSí oabmus&yg\/ atmifjrifaeaom umwGe;f q&m jzpfonf/ jynfwiG ;f qkrsm;tjyif UAE umwGef;jyyGJwGif yg0ifjyo cGifh&cJhonf/ tvkyfNyD;csdef a&csKd; oefYpifaeaom qyfuyf vl&Tif awmfwpfOD;\ b0ukd o½kyfazmf vku d yf aHk v;rSm xdrv d yS g\/ AD,uferfrS DAD ukd 1969 wGif arG;zGm;onf/ [kcd srD if; AdokumwuúokdvfrS bGJU&onf/ Ad okumwpfOD;tjzpf b0ukd &yf wnfonf/ ausmif;om;b0xJu umwGef;rsm; a&;qGJcJhonf/ ,aeY owif;pm? r*¾Zif;*sme,frsm;wGif
w½kwfrS ZHENG XIN YAO ukd 1958 wGif arG;zGm;onf/ trsKd;om;tEkynmtoif;\vuf axmuf'g½kdufwm? umwGef;Xmeüvnf; vufaxmuf 'g½kdufwm? naexkwfowif;pmBuD;\ t,f'Dwm jzpfonf/ jynfwGif;? jynfyqkrsm; &cJhonf/ pdrf;vef;pdkjynf urÇmBuD;ukd zefwD;MupkdYqkdNyD; o½kyfazmfoGm;ykH av;rSm oabmusp&myg/
w½kwrf S XIE ZHEN QIANG ukd 1954 wGif arG;zGm; onf/ wuúov dk f bGJU& wpfOD;jzpfonf/ 18 Budrfajrmuf(1997) ,kd rdtk&DumwGef;NyKdifyGJ ESpfodrfhqk &cJhonf/ ukd&D;,m; umwGef;NyKdifyGJ (1977)wGif wwd,qk &cJhonf/ owif;pm t,f'DwmwpfOD;tjzpf vnf;aumif;? w½kwfumwGef;owif; okawoeXme taxGaxGrefae*smtjzpf vnf;aumif; &yfwnfaeonf/ ]tar pm;vkdufygOD;} qkdNyD; vmay;aeaom uav;i,f/ pm;aomufaeMuaom rdom;pk/ aq;p&m? avQmpf &mawGu tykt H yif/ cHpm;&aom b0t"dymÜ ,fazmfcsuu f av;wpfcyk g/
tdE´d,rS HARINDER SINGH ukd 1953 ckESpfrSm arG;zGm;onf/ bGJU&wpfOD; jzpfonf/ *smreD umwGef;NyKdifyGJ (2001) wGif txl; qk&cJhonf/ &Seu f m tu,f'rDwiG f umwGe;f ynm oifay;aeol wpfO;D jzpfonf/ acwfrD qm'lBu;D \yku H dk o½kyaf zmf oGm;ykHrSm oabmusp&m jzpf&onf/
uk d a usmf
\
umwGef;tawG;(92) qkaiG- 1000d^-
1/ 2/ 3/
4/ 5/
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 142
azmfjyxm;aom ykHtm; pOf;pm;awG;Munhfyg/ [moajrmufaom xdxdrdrdtawG; jzpf&ygrnf/ 30-11-2003 aeYta&muf aemufq;Hk xm; ay;ykMYd u&efEiS hf tajzvTmausmbufwiG f quf oG,f&rnfh ae&yfvdyfpm? &,fp&mpmcspfoltzGJU0ifjzpfygu tzGJUtrSwfukd jynfhpkHpGm azmfjyyg/ yxrqk&oltm; qkaiG- 1000d^- ESihf ESpo f rd q hf &k olrsm;tm; arwÅmvufaqmif &,fp&m r*¾Zif; wpftkyfpD csD;jr§ifhay;ygrnf/ azmfjyygykt H m; jyefu;l qG&J ef rvkyd g/ awG;rdaompdwu f ;l (tawG;tm;) wk&d iS ;f pGm a&;om; ay;ykYd 0ifNyKid Ef idk yf gonf/ tajzvTmrsm;ukd a&;om;ay;yk&Yd mwGif puúLtwkt d p tykid ;f tjywf rsm;ESifh ajzqkdaom tajzvTmrsm;ukd xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;rnf r[kwfyg/ wm0efcHt,f'Dwm
&,fp&mpmcspfolzkdifwGJtrSwf(6) &,fp&m&nf;pm;pm trSw(f 14) rde;f uav;bufrjS yefvnfacsyay;pm ¯ navajyaoG;(vSnf;ull) &,fp&m&nf;pm;pm trSwf(17) a,mufsm;av;bufrt S qkw d ifay;pm ¯ ukd&if
Ekd0ifbm? 2003 qef;opfpEk,Of ¯ Mu,fpif(enf;ynmaumvdyf) ¯ pkjrwfEId;i,f(vGifjyifjzL) ¯ a[rmefESif;ouf (pD;yGm;a&;wuúokdvf) ¯ [def;aEG½Idif;(a&TuRef;ajr) ¯ atau(txufrif;vS)
tcspfpw d u f ;l yGizhf ;l uAsm tarmif(yk*H)? &nfql;i,f(Oya')? pkdif;pkdif;(&Srf;)? oufrSL;ZifZif? uAsmcspfol? usL;vpfyf? ESif;oufNidrf? at;csrf;ol(uavm)? [def;aEG½Idif;(a&TuRef;ajr)? EG,fEG,fatmif(rEÅav;)? jr&Tef;vJh,Of? &,f^pmcspfot l zGUJ 0ifrsm;pm&if;
\
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 &,fp&m&nf;pm;pmtrSwf(14)? q&murf;a0;\ ]tvGrf;&rforf}&nf;pm;pmtm; 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 rdef;uav;bufrS jyefvnfacsyay;pm 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012
nava-yaoG;(vSnf;ul;)
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 144
urf;&,f.... a,mif,rf;NyD;awmhvnf; prf;MunhfraeeJYOD;aemf/ ]urf;&,f}vkdY wrf;wrf;wweJY tzsm;qGwfNyD; ac:vkdufwmyg/ eifç ighukd b,favmufxd aMumufw,f(rSm;vkdYaemf) b,favmufxdcspfw,fqkdwmukd igodNyDygNyD[m/ ig &ufpufwm r[kwfygbl;/ eifodwJhtwkdif;yJ wkdYvkdrdef;rom;awG rcHEkdifqkH; teHY[m t&ufeHYyJav/ 'gukd eifod&ufeJY bDtD;ykvif;ukdawmif cg;Mum;xkd;jyvkdufao;w,f/ 'g ighukd eifpwdkifvf xkwjf ywmawmh r[kwEf idk yf gbl;aemf/ cufawmhcufom;yJ urf;&,f... rm,mukd AkdufzkH;tusÐvkd 0wfw,fqkdwJh igu owdåukd ykqkd; uGif;okdif;xm;wJh eifhukd b,fvkdvkyf ,kHMunf&rSmvJ/ igav eif&JUtlaMumifaMumifEkdfifwJh pum;awGukd em;axmif&wkdif; nnus&if aMumifawmifawmifeJY tdyfvkdYraysmfEkdifbl;[m/ tJ'gbmjzpfvkdYvJodvm;/ tlaMumifaMumifjzpfvaYdk yghaemf/ tcspq f w dk t hJ &m a0;uGmaerS ykcd pH m;&wwfowJ/h igav eifu h dk owd&ae wm tcsed w f idk ;f ygyJ/ eif ighqu D dk pmra&;wmawmif MumaeNyaD emf/ eif&h UJ pmukd arQm&f wmeJY igvnfyif;vnf; opfukvm;tkyfxuf &SnfaeNyD/ ighvnfyif; b,favmuf&SnfovJqkd&if tdrfuae eifhtdrfukd vSrf;Munhf vkdufawmh eifwkdYtdrfaemufaz;u AGuftkdifxJrSm eifrl;NyD;vJaewm awGUw,f/ ig eifhukdMunhfNyD; &,fcsif vkdufwm/ tHr,f? eifu a&uefxJusw,f rSwfaeovm; rodbl;/ acG;ul;awmif ul;aevkdufao;w,f/ eiful;wm wu,fuRrf;w,f[m/ awmfawmfwlwmyJ? eifuav rrl;&if odyfcspfzkdYaumif;wJh aumifav; wpfa,mufyg/ eif½h yk u f av;u igodycf spw f hJ rif;om;x,fapmufeYJ cGrJ &atmif wlaeawmhvnf; ightonf; u rrmEkdifawmhbl;aygh/ ig eifh ukdx,fapmufeJYwlvkdY cspfwmr[kwfbl;aemf/ igcspfvkdY eifx,fapmufeJY wlomG ;wmyg/ eif rSwfrdOD;rvm; rodbl;/ igwkdYtdrfa&SUrSm eifvmqkdwJh oDcsif;av;ukd ig t&rf;BuKdufwmyJod vm;/ ighemrnfygwJh oDcsif;av/ ]aty&,f... tcspfvuav; wpfoufrarhEdkifygolqkdcJhw,f? tazmf rygawmhvnf;.. aty&,f[m uk, d t hf wGuf txD;usev f eG ;f w,f}qkw d mav/ eiftxD;ruse&f awmhygbl;/ (tryJusefvkdY rajymawmhygbl;aemf/) tck igav eifhukd ukd,fcsif;pmwwfaeygNyD[m/ eifhukd ig b,f avmufcspw f ,fqw dk mukd ajymjy&if eif,cHk sirf , S rHk mS yg/ (ighEv S ;Hk om;ae&mwnfw h nfrh mS ckvck v k k jzpfaevkYd &ifucdk NJG y;D Munhv f u dk af wmh eifyh &Hk yd u f dk jrifae&w,f/ tJ'geJY igvnf; trSww f &jzpfatmifvYdk "mwfyw Hk pfyHk
awmif ½ku d x f m;vku d af o;w,f/ eifr,k&H if tonf;ykyH ef;csu D m;aemufcNH y;D ½ku d Mf unh&f ifov d rd rhf ,f/ tJ'hD ykHtwkdif;yJ/ (,kHNyDr[kwfvm;/) urf;&,f... eif&h UJ a0'emawGudk ca&yef;uk;H tjzpfeaJY wmh ighudk ray;ygeJ[ Y m/ igr,l&J (tJ..tJ) igç r,l&ufygbl;/ yef;ay;&if tvSrf;a0;wwfw,fwJh/ tJ'Dawmh ighukd ca&yef;ukH;awG ray;ygeYJawmh aemf/ um&mtkdaur,fawGukd avQmhaps;eJYra&mif;vdkuf&wJhtwGuf pdwfawmhraumif;bl;[,f/(pdwfr aumif;&if EGm;arG;vkYd rajymeJOY ;D aemf/) aemufacs;eHY rcHEidk v f ydk g/ eifç qif;&Jw,fvYdk rajymygeJ[ Y m/ (a&u teufBuD;[/) ighrSm tqifhtwef; cGJjcm;wJh pdwfr&Sdygbl;/ eifhukd ig t&rf;oem;aerdw,f/ tcspf&JUtp [m oem;jcif;uqkd&if igç eifhukd cspfaeNyDvkdY ajym&rSmyJ/ eifh&JU ]&ifcGif½kdif;}ukd ckwfxGif&Sif;vif;ay;csifae wm igyg/ tcspfqkdwm oHvkdufwkH;BuD;wpfwkH;eJYwlw,fvkdY igawmhxifw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh qGJrdNyD qk&d if cGmvkrYd &awmhb;l / (wpfrsK;d xifraeeJOY ;D Oyrm-ay;wmaemf/) tJ'v D ydk J csprf Nd yq D &dk ifvnf; cGmvk(Yd rSm;..
rSm;oGm;jyefNyD aqmf&D;yJ[m) arhvkdYr&awmhbl;vkdY ajymrvkdYyg/ wkdYESpfa,mufu ]arhvkdYr&wJh cspfolawG} aygh[murf;&,f.. igwkt Yd rd u f awmufwBhJ u;D tcsed rf eS af tmfovkd igvnf; eifu h dk tcsed rf eS v f rG ;f w,f[m ..rSeMf unfw h t hJ cgwkid ;f yJ owd&w,f? aMomf.. 'D½yk u f av;u urf;a0;odycf spw f hJ igygvm;qkNd y;D MunfE;l &w,f/(wu,fyg/) q&maumif;oef&Y UJ ]tcspq f ;Hk ok}Yd qkw d hJ pmtkyx f rJ mS zwfz;l wmwpfc&k w dS ,f/ ]aysmn h w Hh EhJ v S ;Hk om; &Sw d hJ a,mufsm;awG[m vSywJh rde;f uav;awG&UJ tcspu f dk b,ftcgrS r&wwfb;l wJ}h eifraysm&h bl;aemf/ (ESvkH;om;? ESvkH;om;) 'grS vSywJh ighukd eif&rSmaygh/ NyD;awmh &Sdao;w,f/ ]uHMur®mu wHcg;rBuD;ukd ydwf xm;vku d w f t hJ cg &J&ifw h EhJ v S ;Hk om;&So d al wGu jywif;aygufu ausm0f ifomG ;owJ}h 'gqkd eifeiYJ g olc;dk vrf;jy vkyMf u&atmifav/ cufaewm wpfc&k w dS ,f/ ]awmif;,ufcsi&f if 0g;cG&J owJ}h 0g;rcGb J J awmif;,ufcsif vkaYd wmh b,f&rSmvJ}qkw d hJ pum;twkid ;f eifç ighucdk sp&f if bDt;D udk jzwf&r,f bDt;D ukd eifrjzwfEidk &f ifawmh eifhukd igjzwfr,f/ (tqufjzwfwmukd ajymwmaemf/) [kdwkef;u igajymcJhwJhpum;awGukd trSwfrxm; ygeJ[ Y m/ arhvu dk af wmhaemf/ eif t&rf;cHpm;ae&&if rMumcif pHpm;&awmhrmS yg/ owfyrHk mS ; rzwfeOYJ ;D aemf/ okcukd pHpm;&r,fajymwm/ qefpm;&r,fvv Ydk nf; xifraeeJOY ;D / eifu h dk igwpfcak wmh BuKad jymxm;yg&ap/
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 146
igtcsu?f tjyKw?f tavQm?f tzGyf bmwpfcrk S rvkyw f wfb;l / eifpw d af jymif;csiaf jymif;vkYd &atmif BuKad jym wmyg/ 'gayr,fh ig ,kHMunfaew,f/ eif ighukd tJ'gav;wpfckaMumifheYJawmh ypfoGm;rSm r[kwfygbl;/ tJh'DtvkyfawG tukefvkH; eifvkyfay;rSmr[kwfvm;[if/ eifu odyfawmfw,fvkdY ig odxm;w,f/ eif anmif;aewJhtcg igu eif;ay;r,fav/ (vnfrsKdukd...r[kwfbl;vkdY)/ eif&h UJ csppf um;awGudk jyefvnfMum;a,mifrw d idk ;f rk;d wGi;f rSm aygwJah rQmah wGvydk J wG,rf &d ifcmG vkYd r&awmhovkd cGmNy;D &ifvnf; awmfawmfeYJ aoG;u rwdwEf idk af wmhb;l / tJ'v D ydk J eifph um;oHawGudk xyfNy;D em;axmifcsiaf o;w,f[m/ urf;rjrifvrf;rjrif yifv,fxrJ mS arsmaeolwpfa,muf&UJ ]urf;&,f}vkYd aqG; jrnfhpGm ac:aewJhtoHvkd igçeifukdac:aewm eifwpfa,mufuawmh rMum;EkdifcJhygb;[,f/ (eifu em; ydwfxm;vkdYav/) eifhukdrS wG,fwmaerdwJh ighukd,figvnf; thHMoaerdw,f/ t&ifwkef;u ighESvkH;om;[m wnfNird pf mG eJY aevmcJw h myg/ ckawmh Nr;D aumifaygufrav; qwfpvl;xovkd 'ef'Y efçY 'ef'Y efeY YJ aewmyJ/ ig b,fvkdvkyfNyD; ighESvkH;om;ukd xdef;csKyf& rSmvJ/ ighESvkH;om;ukd xdef;csKyfEkdifr,fh ol[m eifwpfa,mufwnf;yJ &Sdw,f/ rdef;uav;wkdif; pG J v rf ; ae&wh J "m;ysH a&SmifvD (vD&Trf;[Grf) awmif ighukd rzsm; a,mif;EkdifcJhbl;/ tJ'Dh avmufxd eifhukd cspf cJh&wmyg/ ighavmuf opöm&SdwJhol eif &Smr awGUEdkifygbl;[m/ *Ref apm? x,fapmuf? vD &Trf;[Grf? tmaz;? usef; uRi;f aygif olwaYdk wG igh ukd cspcf iG yhf efwmawmif ig vufrcHcJhbl;/ tJ'D avmufxd igç eiftay: opöm&SdcJh wmyg eifç ightay:cspfwJh tcspfu b,favmuf av;eufw,fqkdwm csdefcGifeJY csdefMunhfp&m rvkdatmif &Sif;NyD;om;yg/ ig eifhukd tajz ay;NyD; NyDaemf/ arhvnf;rarheJYOD;/igav pdwful;awG ,Of wwfaeNyDwJh odvm;/ eif eJYig vxdefxdefomNyD; Mu,fpkHwJh aumif;uifatmufrSm vkdufwrf; ajy;wrf; upm;w,f/ NyD;awmh vay:rSm igwkdY tdrf aqmufNyD; aeMuw,f/ b,favmuf pdwfcsrf;omp&m aumif;vkdufovJ/ igh&JU ppfrSefwhJ cspfjcif; arwÅmawGudk eifu ]wpfAZD em} avmufyJ arQmv f ifh ayr,fh igu ],lZemajcmufjyefru} ay;vdu k cf siw f myg/ rkd;wGif;rSm rkd;awG&Gmwkdif; eifhukd owd&w,f[m/ aqmif;wGif;rSm ESif;awGus&ifvnf; eifhukd owd&w,f/ aEG&moDrSm aerif;BuD;u ylNyD;xGufaejyef&ifvnf; eifhukd owd&w,f/ (bmrSawmh rqkdifovkdyJaemf/) qkid rf qkid af wmh rodb;l [m/ ig eifu h dk owd&aewmawmh trSeyf /J wkEYd pS af ,mufu eD;&ufeYJ a0;aeovkyd J aemf/ taeeD;wke;f uawmh rodvu dk f rodbmomeJY aevmcJw h t hJ csed af wGudk jyef awG;&if; ESajrmaerdw,f/ wu,fawmh eifhtdrfeJY igtdrfeJYu (2) tdrfausmfav;yg/ 'gukd eifu(2),lZem avmufrsm; a0;w,fvkdY xifaeovm;urf;&,f... urf;&,f... wu,fawmh ig[m rdef;rom;yg[,f.. rdef;uav;wkdY obm0[efrl&mawmh enf;enf;ykd&wmayghuG,f/ eifhzGifhajymr,fqkdwmukdvnf; igBuKdarQmfvifhNyD;om;yg/ eifzGifhajymajymcsif; ig b,fvkdvkyfNyD; tajzay;vkdY &OD;rSmvJ[m/ 'gukd eifu ighukd &ufpufw,fvkdY ajym&ufcJhw,faemf/ eifhukd igcspcf &hJ wmawGudk eifrodcyhJ gbl;/ ighrmS om wpfa,mufwnf; yifyef;cJ&h wmyg/ ([efaqmifae&vkaYd emf) ig [efvkyfwm vGefoGm;w,fqkdwm 0efcHygw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; aemufxyfwpfBudrf eifajymvmzkdY ig
arQmv f ifah ecJ&h wm tckawmh eifu vlo&d iS Mf um;jzpfatmifudk r*¾Zif;xJrmS ajymawmh ig &ifcek w f mqefiY if qefYiifeJY wpfrsKd;BuD;yJ[m/ 'gayr,fh igauseyfaew,f/ eifhukdvnf; auseyfapcsifw,f/ igwkdYawGu i,faygif;Bu;D azmfawGav/ i,fi,fu aygif;vmorQ Bu;D rSazmfwhJ i,fazmfawmhr[kwb f ;l aemf/ 'geJaY wmif eifç igh&JUrsuf0ef;awGukd rzwfwwfcJhbl;aemf/ eif odyfwkH;wJhvlyJ urf;&,f... rdef;uav;wpfa,muf&JU a&vmajrmif;ay;pum;ukd eifu apmifhaewmvm;/ cufwmu ig a& vmajrmif;ay; rvkyw f wfcb hJ ;l / a&vmatmifajrmif;ray;wwfbJ ighudk qnfwmwrHBu;D aqmufay;vku d f wm eifaygh/ 'Dawmh pD;csifovkdom pD;vmcJhayawmh a&pD;aMumif;uav;a&/ igav eifhukd tMumBuD; rn§if;&ufygbl;/ 'gaMumifh tajzay;vkduf&wmyg/ (aemufrusygbl;aemf/) ighudk yef;av;wpfyGifheJY wif pm;wJh eifu h dk igu vdyjf ymav;wpfaumifeYJ eifu h dk wifpm;csiw f ,f/ yef;yGiahf v;&JU cspo f v l yd jf ymav;aygh/ eifh&JUvSywJh a&mifpkHtawmifyHawGukd tm;ukd;NyD;awmh ighqDukd tajy;ysHvmcJhygawmhuG,f/ eifhtwGuf igh &JU csKjd rwJh 0wf&nfav;awG wku d af uR;zkYd apmifah rQmaf e&wmMumvSaygh/ eif pm;ok;H rS ighb0u &Sio f efarT;ysUH aer,fh yef;uav;wpfyiG yhf g/ ]t&m&mrif;yg}vkYd ajymwJh eifu h dk ]tcspef aYJ ygifrek }Yf ay;Ny;D ]&ifciG ef ef;awmf}xJrmS ]pGefYpm;r,fhtazmf}tjzpf ]tpOftjrJ}xm;csifwmyg/ iguawmhav ]wkdYra0;bl;}qkdwm ,kHw,f/bmjzpfvkdY vJqkdawmh igwkdY&JUtcspf[m ],m,DaESmifBuKd;}rS r[kwfbJ/ eifhukd ]jyefvmyg}vkdY igpdwfxJ rSm ]t½l;trl;} ajymaerdw,f/ ]tdyfrufxJrSm qkHcsifw,f}? ]tcspfOD;}&,f/ ]cspf&wJhol}? ]twrf;wqkH;}t&mu ]tjrJpdrf; tcspf}wJhvm;uG,f/ ]i,fcspfOD;}a&wkdYuawmh ]cspfwmwpfckwnf;odw,f} ]cPcP} ]aqG;}&atmifawmh rvkyfvkdufygeJYaemf/ ]tjrJwrf;twGuf} ajymcsifaewJhpum;uawmh ]rkd;avmufBuD;cspfygw,f}vkdY/ tae a0;aeayr,fh &ifxJrSm ]wrf;waeqJ}yg/ ]vGrf;vm;}vkdYar;wJh eifhukd ]tcspf[mbmvJ}vkdY jyefar;Munhf csifw,f/ eifhukd ]a0'emvl} rjzpfapcsifchJwJh ighu ]rsufpdrSdwfcspfaer,f}qkdwm ,kHyg/ ig wjcm; orD;&nf;pm;awG(okdY) cspfolawG a&;ovkd pm&Snf&Snfra&;wwfbl;[m/ eifhukdvGrf; aMumif;? owd&aMumif;? cspfaMumif;awGcsnf; a&;ae&&if pm&GufavmufrSm r[kwfbl;/ 'gaMumifh wkdwkdeJY vk&d if;ukyd J a&;ay;vku d w f ,faemf/ igç eifu h dk odycf spcf w hJ mukd eifu rodcahJ wmh tckoad tmif ajymjy vdkuf&wJhtwGuf igauseyfygNyD/ vmr,fhaemufv ig&JUarG;aeYrSm jyefqkHMuwmaygh [,faemf/ igeJY eifcspfolawG jzpfoGm;MuNyDqkdawmh cgwkdif;ay;aeus vuf aqmifawGvdk ray;eJaY wmhaemf/ cspo f al wG trSww f & ay;wwfMuwJh ypön;f av;awG ay;apcsifw,f/ igh&ifxJu taMumif;awGukd ajymvkduf&wJhtwGuf ighESvkH;om; awG ayghyg;vef;qef;oGm;wmyJ/ (yJ&pf(pf) qyfjymok;H vku d v f Ydk r[kwb f ;l aemf/) urf;a0;&JU ]tvGrf;&rforf}twGuf ]a[mh'Du} ]tcspfwef jyef}... tvSrf;aES;wJh urf;a0;ukd tvGrf;awGeJYcspfaer,fh tvS b k & if r ,f - aty&,f
\
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 &,fp&m&nf;pm;pmtrSwf(17)? a,mufsm;av;bufrS tqkdwifay;pm 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012
ta
aa m m
]*srf;? *sif? &rfESpfyuf? 0DokH;yuf? tkdyDwpfreuf}wkdY? ]armeif;ESpfyuf pD;yGm;wuf}qkdwJh acwfpum;twkdif; rSerf eS rf 0SD v J mvku d w f m tckq&kd if abbDu h cdk spfwhJ ESv;Hk om;av;uvGv J Ydk usefwmtm;vk;H aoGUajcmufuek yf gNyD/ 'DtajctaersKd;rSmrS abbDESrçru,f&ifawmh usefaewJh ESvkH;om;av;yg a
\
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 150
xkdifajymaevkdfufcsifw,f/ ukdukd pdwfnpf&ifvnf; npfavmufp&myJ/ abbDurS tajzray;ao;wJh [myJ [mukd/ abbDeJY ywfouf&if ukdukd[m wkdifrSm BuKd;csnfxm;cH&wJh EGm;okd;av;yg/ ½kef;r &vkdY pdwfwkdNyD; csnfwkdifukd wGef;wkdufae&wmeJYyJ ukdukdYyckH;[m awmifh wif;oefrmvmcJhygNyD/ tm;udkf;vkdufygawmh abbD/ abbDhukd cspfvGef;vkdY ukdudkYbufu qifjcif(qifu awmxJrSm? jcifu ajrmif;xJrmS ) cJh&wmvnf; rsm;ygNyD/ ukdukdYukd wpfzufowfcspfa&;qkdvmwJh ]raeYu aumifrav;} ukd qkd&if ]rif; ighukd arhvkdufawmh} vkdYajymNyD; ]rqkHaomvrf;}ukd jref;ckdif; vdkufygw,f/ ol u ]aemufq;Hk EIwq f ufpum;}ajym&if; bmukyd g ajymoGm;w,f xifv/J ]a&cJ wkH;BuD;yJ} wJh/ ukdukdu tJ vkd rvkyfvkdYvnf; r&bl;av/ awmfMum abbDtxif vGJ tonf; uGNJ y;D ]armift h cspjf rm;pl;}vkYd ckepfoHcsD MuHK;atmfae&if &yfuGuf u *JeJY aygufMurSmukd rvkdvm;bl;/ 'gvnf; wpfrsKd;awmh aumif ; yg w,f / bdvyfajrryg wJhwkdufukd aqmuf p&m rvkdawmhbl; aygh/ abbD a &/ ukdukd tckwavm t&ufawGyaJ omuf usKd ; eJ aomuf a e rd w ,f / tJ ' g abbDhaMumifh ukdukd t&ufaomufwmrsm;vkdY a&Sm&if t&ufukrÜPD ukd avsmfaMu;rawmif;bJ abbDhqDuyJ awmif;&r,f/ aeOD;.. ukdukdu wpfaumif
&ifzGifhjy&wmeJYyJ ukdukdYtusÐawGrSm Mu,foD;wpfvkH;rS r&Sdawmhbl;/ abbDhtaMumif; pOf;pm;&if; rkd;aomuf aygif;rsm;vkdY tckqkd ukdukdYcE¨mukd,fBuD;[m (tufqpfrygwJh) bufx&Dtkd;BuD;vkdyJ? ESmacgif;rSm ikwfwpfikwfeJY wjcm;wpfae&m&mrSm ikwfwpfikwfwyfvkduf&if rD;vif;w,f/ abbDhukd vGrf;vkdY uswJhrsuf&nf[m tckqkd aemufwpfcg rusatmif pmBuKd;pm;aeav&JU/ abbDhtwGuf {0&wfawmifxdyfrSm tdrfomaqmufay;zkdY [kdwpfaeYu oGm;cJhao;w,f/ 'gayr,fh {0&wfawmifapmifhewfu ]SARS}a&m*gr&SdaMumif; axmufcHpmygrS awmifxyd w f ufciG &hf r,fqv dk Ydk jyefvmch&J w,f/ tHr,f..tJ'ahD wmifapmifeh wfBuD;u ½kyaf jzmifo h vm;rar;eJ/Y "mwfwidk t f wdik ;f yJ (tJ..[kwaf ygif)/ EIwcf rf;arG;um;um;BuD;eJAY s/ t,f'w D m wpfa,mufe½YJ yk cf sif;cyfqifqif yJ/ ukdukdvnf; aemufukd EIwfcrf;arG; r&dwfawmhbl;/ 'grSawmifapmifhewfvkd a,mufsm;csif; ai;MunhfcH&rSm t[uf/ abbD&,f tonf;av;&,f ukdukdYukd jrefjrefpOf;pm;ay;ygawmh/ abbDu ukdukdYukd cspfvkdYtwlwl aezkdY qkH;jzwfw,fqkd&if ukdukdYtaeeJY ukdukdY&JU caemfceJY x&Hum 0g;jcrf;cif;a&Ttdrfawmfukd jyKjyifp&m&Sdwm jyKjyif&r,fr[kwfvm;/ zkdYwef&mzkdY? ckwef&mck? zmwef&mzm&r,f/ 'grSvnf; yGifhavmufeD;eD; zufwD;jzpfwJh d Ydk 0HcE¨m'Pfew YJ if tdraf wmfu abbDhcE¨m qifajymifEpS pf ;D pmrdNyD; tdrrf NyKdrmS ayghaemf/ tcktwkid ;f uawmh uku ,kdifeJYeJY&,f/ 'gaMumifhrkdY abbDtcspf&,f zmoifhwmzm(tJav) jyifoifhwmjyifcsdef&atmifvkdY a&TÓmPfawmf xufxufeJY (rif;orD;xufxufr[kwfyg/) pOf;pm;NyD; ajcjrefawmfoGufoGufeJY taMumif;Mum;vkdufygawmh vm;uG,f iS,. f .iS,f/ abbDtcspfq;Hk av;? ylww l ;l av;(,kpd rkH [kw)f ? ylrwlrwl;av;a&/ uku d u Ydk dk pOf;pm;ay;&vG,af tmif ukdukdY&JU t&nftcsif;wcsKdUtm;vkH;ukd azmf
\
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 &,fp&m&nf;pm;pmtrSwf(15)? q&mrrD;rD;aemf('DyJ,if;)\ ]acG;vkdufqGJvkdY ajy;cJh&wJh 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 &mZ0if}&nf;pm;pmtm; a,mufsm;av;bufrS jyefvnfacsyay;pm 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
aemufwpfyk'fquf½kdufMuwmaygh aZmf(xm;0,f) Hello !
olrsm;xufxl;zkdY OD;vkdY ac:ac:wwfwJh rD;a&wpfyljyeft,loefvkdY rD;vkdYyJ OD;vnf;ac:yg&ap/ [,fvifqkdwJhrD;u topftqef;taeeJY puwf xGif tJ- pwefYxGifNyD; ac:Munhfawmhvnf; q,fvifjzpfwJh OD;u r,kHcsif,kHcsif ,kefxifNyD; (uifpm;rvkdY) jzpfuwwfqef;taeeJY vufcH&rSmaygh/ tif;- 'geJYurÇmOD;uwnf;u rD;aysmufoGm;wm b,f*avmifacsmuf Mum; tJ-tJ ckrSyJ ay:vmw,faemf/ (uefYuGufjcif;onf;cHyg/) OD;eJYrD;u odyfruGmygbl;/ (xm;0,feJY'DyJ,if; avmufygyJ/) ½kwfw&ufBuD;rD;u OD;vkdYac:csvkdufawmh ArmESpf&ufi,fOD;u ESpfqifh [kdESpfq,favmufBuD; oGm;wmyg/ (toufukdajymwmaemf/) wu,fwrf;qkd toufav;q,favmufBuD;zkdY aumif;w,f/ (oGm; rusKd;cif)/ [kwfw,faemf/ rD;ajymovkd OD;rSm xl;jcm;rIav;awG &Sdaew,f/ aemufwJhajymifwJhae&mrSm number one (usm;NrD;qGJukdukd)/ &,fwJhae&mrSm number tow (rD;u t&nf tJ- &,fp&m tzwfrsm;vkdY)/ pm; wJhaomufwJhae&mrSm number three (rD;eJYtdrfu0ufrBuD;u usefao;wmukd;/) aemufNyD; OD;uxufarG;atmuf BuD;rD;&JU/ (&efuek rf mS arG;NyD; xm;0,frmS BuD;jyif;vmonf[)l / anmifyifatmufu0dk if&if anmifyif&UJ taMumif; ukad wmh avhvmzkrYd arheaYJ ygh/ ckacwf o&JwapäawGu uRrf;xk;d arSmufcOkH ;D apmufyyvufvufawG ajcmufowJh rD;&JU/ (bmrSrqdkfifbl;) jzpfyghrvm;/ bmyJajymajymayghaemf rD;u tvum;&whJEGm;ukd oGm;jzJMunhfvkdY raumif; ovkd? OD;uvnf; rw&m;&wJh r,m;ukd oGm;jzJrMunhfygbl;/ (tooth)? b0u ay;w,fvkdYyJ oabmxm;r,f aemf/ ]a,mufsm;yOöif;? rdef;rykcufwGif;}whJvm;/ rD;u a&G;wwfom;yJ/(BuD;avaumif;av bl;oD;aMumf) rvkHrvJ rjzpfygeJY/ (OD;uvlaumif;yg/) &,fp&mr*¾Zif;u (aemufvawGrSm) usvmr,fh trSwfpm&if;xJrSm om&SmMunhf? ajymifajymifvif;vif; awGU&vdrfhr,f/ (address)/ ]vlwpfck ylrI&,fwJh q,fuka#wJh/ copy present ay;vkdufw,f/ (odyfylraeeJY/) usefppfrif;BuD;u t&G,frwlwJh orÇLvukd,lovkd? OD;uvnf; wu,frxlwJh (yg;yg;av; OD;,kpGrf) rD;ukdylap tJ- sorry ulnDyg&ap/ [pfwpfwpf/ (wu,fajymwmukd r,kHeJY/) OD;u rD;ukdcspfw,f tajzay;vkdY rsuf&nfpufvufESyf&nfxGufcJh&w,f [kwfvm;/ aMomf- rD;u txGufvG,fom;yJukd;/ (ESyf&nf) tJ'g zdtm;rsm;vkdY ueftm;rsm;wm/ ememn§pfxkwfypf/ 'grSoufom &m& rSmrD;&JU/ 'gayr,fh txGufvGefoGm;rSmukdawmh OD;pdk;&drfrdw,f/ Mum;zl;wJhpum;eJYajym&&if vdar®mfoD;tpdrf;rpm; eJY? &nf;pm;ac:wkdif; tcsdefrawmf roGm;eJY/ vdar®mfoD;tpdrf;pm;awmh csOfwwfw,f/ &nf;pm;ac:wkdif; o if: ]ymif: tcsdefrawmfoGm;awmh OD;vnf;rajymwwfawmhbl;/ rif;wkef;rif;BuD;&JU u½kPmw&m;BuD;rm;w,fvkdYyJ rSwf axGv vkdufygawmh/ OD;pmawG zwfNyD; &ifawGckefvmw,f/ [kwfvm;/ usefwmawGawmh rckefvkdufygeJY/ (ajcaxmuf 152 awG)/ Mum;vm;? acG;xGufqGJrSm aocsmw,f/
aa m m
rD;u &ifckefwm r&yfovkd? OD;uvnf; &ifwkefwm r&yfygbl;/ OD;u pdwful;,Ofwwfw,fav/ pdwful;,OfurÇmi,fav;xJrSm rD;uav rav;&Sm;pkef;um;xJuvkdyJ odvm;/ tpG,fawG tyGm;awG tcuf awG? twufawG? toD;awG? tyGifhawG(opfwpfyifpmavmuf) tkd tpkH tpkH/ ig;z,faMumf ajymif;jyefvSef ajymw,f rxifygeJYrD;&,f/ rD;ukd &ifwkefatmif cspfw,fqkdwmukd ,kHaemf/ ]rl&if;aumif;rS rdwåLaumif;r,f}xifNyD; AD;eyfpf? rkdemvDZm? AdóEkd;rif;orD;? yy0wD? Or®m'EÅD? 0PÖybmwkdYvkd wlwmrsm;awGUrvm;qkdNyD; rdef;rjrif&if ief;wwf tJ- ai;wwfvmjyefawmhvnf; tckacwf 0g;jcrf;*Jvfav;awGu rxl;ygbl;rD;;&m/ (wlawmhwlr,fxifw,f/) oHa0*&p&mawmifaumif;ao;/ 'gayr,fh rD;&JU rdwÅLBuD;usawmh (body) xl;r,fxifwmyJ/ (rl&if;u aumif;wmukd;/) OD;wkdYa,mufsm;awGu rD;wkdYrdef;r awG jyJpuwf tJ- tJ- uGJpuwf0wfwm tjrifuwfNyD; twif;ajymaewm r[kwfbl;/ cspfaumif;oDcsif; xJuvkd ]ajcovkH;av;u tvSqkH;xifw,f} tJ-tJ'gukd vSyfajymrdwmyg/ 'gayr,fh rD;&JU ajz&Sif;csufu wpfrsKd;BuD;/ a&S;rif;orD;awG&JU AvmxbDBuD;aygh/ tpajymif;csKyfwmawmh [kwfwkwfwkwf&Sdp/ tJ'gukdxyf ajymif;NyD; xbDAvm tJa,mifvkdY AvmxbDBuD;eJYawmh OD;qDrvmcJheJYaemf/ OD;Munfh&qkd;vdfrhfr,f/ ]Munhfwwf &ifjrif\}qkdwmxufqkd;w,f/ wpfcgwav rMunhfbJ jrifvmwm/ (rD;taMumif;awG;rd&if;eJY/) rD;ajymwJh uGJpuwftaMumif;uvnf; odyf&Snfwmukd;/ atoifNrKdUu ajy;orm;vufyef;ajcyef; yef;usavmufatmif yJ/ jrefrmh,Ofaus;rIukd azmfxkwfay;wJhtwGuf aus;Zl;yg/ OD;eJYawGU&if tJ'D,Ofaus;rIBuD;ukd tazmfvGefroGm; zkdY owdxm;aemf/ (EkdYrkdYqkd acG;qGJrSm/) bmyJajymajymygav rD;uawmh OD;ukd tayguf&SmNyD; qD,lrSm r[kwf ovkd tJ-tJ trSm;&SmNyD; tjypfzkdYrSm r[kwfygbl;/ [kwfw,f[kwf/ rD;tcspfukd ,kHMunfvkdY rD;ukd ykHBuD;csJU Munhfwmyg/ rD;tcspfukd OD;,kHw,f/ t&rf; t&rf; y&rf;ywmukd ,kHw,f rD;a&/ rD;a&-- rD;&JU tcspf#DumzGifhqkdcsufawGu t&rf;vSy aooyfw,f/ aemufxyftEk#Dum r"k#Dum pwkrwl#DumawG xyfzGifhay;ygOD;/ rD;&ifxJu xGufusvmwJh tefzwf tJ--(Main) pum;vkH;awGeJY OD;av writer jzpfatmif BuKd;pm;r,f/ (ajr§mufMunfhwm/) ppwkef;uawmh ,kH&cufw,frD;&JU/ (rD;u ykHajymaumif; wmukd;)/ OD;&JU ykpGefrsufvkH;BuD;awGukd cspfw,fwJh/ uJ-(tm;&m&m;)/ OD;jzifh EGm;usifi,frsufpOf;cwfvkdY yk &Gufqdwfzrf;csifpdwfawmif twif;rsKdcsvkduf&/ t&nf0ifAkdufBuD;wJh/ wpfcgaozl;ysOfzkd;em;vnf? cJrSefzl;wJh pmoli,f? rqkHwJhzl;pmarhypfvkdufyguG,f/ OD;aumufEIwfcrf;arT; tpfukdac:&avmufatmif rnf;eufawmuf ajymifewJh EIwfcrf;arG;BuD;wJhvm;/ r[kwfw½kwf uav;uvm;odyfajymwwfwmyJ rD;&,f/ uGrf;csKd;wnfae wJh oGm;BuD;wJhvm;uG,f/ tJ'g uwdopömwnfaomcg0,f? MoZmav;eufajrqDwufí? EG,fjrufopfyifaq; zuf0ifwJhoGm;yg/ aemufNyD; usD;tmoD;cE¨mukd,fBuD;/ BuD;ukd;BuD; jynfhoGm;atmif *kPfawmfykwD;ukd;ywf nwkdif;pdyfNyD; tdyfzkdYygrD;&JU/ [myJ [myJ [mukdawmh [mjrJ [mqJaygh/ 'gayr,fh ]rawmfbJr0,feJY? rac: bJrvnfeJY}wJhrD;-- ([myJ [myJ [mukd/) rD;a&--- rD;u usef;rma&;twGuf owday;csuftaeeYJ aq;vdyfaomufjcif;onf usef;rma&; ukd xdckdufapygonfwJhvm;/ ]tm;rwefrmefavQmh} OD;vnf; wpfckajymyg&ap/ &nf;pm;xm;jcif;onf cHpm; rIa0'emukd jzpfaponfwJh/ OD;ukd t&rf;cspfw,fqkdNyD; rD;npOf o&rf;aerSmukd rvkdvm;bl;uG,f/ (a,mifwm ukd) wpfrsKd;rxifygeJY/ OD;u apwemeJY a&;csifovkd a&;vkdufwmyJvkdY oabmxm;&if OD;av aq;vdyfvdyf tJ- tJ aomuf&usKd;eyfygNyD/ rD;u wDAD npOfMunhfykH&w,f/ [kwfw,faemf/ rD;pmxJrSm aMumfjimawG pkH aewmyJ/ &efukefvrf;nTef? rEÅav;vrf;nTefawmif Munhfp&m rvkdbl;/ rD;a& &mZmae0if;&JU rvIdifzwftJpwkdifawG pGJuyfaeOD;r,faemf/ vlukd zsufwmt&uf? OD;ukdzsufwm *uf(pf)rD;ukd zsufwmrdwfuyf? &,fp&m r*¾Zif;ukdzsufwm uavmifvuf? tdwfukdzsufwm
\
bmyJjzpfjzpf rD;u tm;ay;awmhvnf; enf;enf;aomufNyD;(ESpfyufavmuf)rsm;rsm;rl;Munhfr,f/ 'gayr,fh [kd,kdif 'D,kdif rciftkdifwJ ,kdifvJusrSmudkawmh rpdk;&drfygeJY/ (rpkd;&drf½kHu rEÅav;rSm) [kdudkif'Dukdif tMuHykdif wJh OD;uawmh yg;pyfeJY [yfrd[yfrd/ t&ufxyfaomufvkdufOD;r,fodvm;/ tJ'DvkdyJ OD;uvnf; apwemawG a&pD;urf;NyKdr,f/ vrf;pnf;urf;ukdawmh xdef;odrf;Mur,f [kwfNyDvm;/ rD;a&--- wu,fqdk x½k*d sefNrKdUBuD; rD;avmifwek ;f u OD;abmvk;H tavmif;rysufovk?d rD;yku d ma'gif; rysufovkd? a&mrNrKdUBuD; rD;avmifwkef;u eD½kd;bk&ifapmif;wD;rysufygbl;/ OD;rdef;r ief;rysufovkd? rD;oef; &Smrysufovkd? qrf'rf[lpdeftykef;rysufbl;/ OD;t&ufw&m;a[mrysufovkd? rD;csufpum;ajym rysufovkd? Aif*kd; yef;csDum;taMumif; tajymrysuyf gbl;/ (armf'efuAsmq&mrsm;ukd nTe;f onf/) OD;Mu,fwm&m Munhrf ysufovkd? rD;&,fp&mMunhf rysufovkd? t,f'DwmawG pmrltMunhf rysufygbl;/ (Munhrf Munhf awmh rodb;l ??) qm;rygwJh [if;wkid ;f rayghyg bl;qkw d m toGm;tvmwkdif;vnf; rcuf cJb;l vkYd ajymwmvm;[if (Oy"d pwdwf½Id;wkdY bmwkdYaygh/) 'gayr,fh ig;ydcsufBuD;usawmh OD;rBuKdufbl;/ (avmufaumifawGygvm&if b,fh ES,f&Sdp??) [kwf[kwfr[kwf[kwf? rD; yef;tkd;BuD;0wkwfwkwf? yef;awG aeY wkdif;qkdY? arwåmaeYwkdif;ykdY/ ([kwf[kwf r[kwf[kwfqkd) about [kd[kd/ (tqkdawmf r[kwfyg/) rD;a& rD;ar;orQ OD;ajzyghr,f/ tcspf q k d w m &,l a y;qyf j cif ; vm;/ rajymwwf a yr,f h &TUH tkid 0f ufepf? AGux f u J Rv J ;l rpifavmufw;l qko d vkrd sK;d aygh/ acgif;pOfrwyf&ao;wJh cHpm;rIrsKd;vm;/ rqko d mayr,fh av,mOfysufus? oabFma&jrKyf? rD;&xm;arSmuf? ca&yGifhav; vkdufaumuf&ovkd? wkefwkef&D&D NidrfhNidrfhanmif;anmif; tawmifanmif;wJhiSufvkd? wvSyfvSyf wzswfzswfa&mf&Guf0gawG ajrcovkd rsKd;ayghrD;&JU/ wpfcgwav rD;u ZGwfyJodvm;/ tckyJMunhf bmrSef;nmrSef; rodbJeJY tysKdppfppfoumESpfNyD;? csKdjrjrcg;oufouf? em;a0wdrfawmif? wkH;rDSwkdifuyf? a&arQmurf;wif? qifr,Ofom? csdefcGifn§mqifuef; awmwkd;? EGm;okd;BuKd;jywf? azmifpD;&if;a&iwfovkdvkd t&rf;t&rf; t&rf; OD;ukd cspfw,fqkd/ rD;a&-trSwfw&qkdwm El;nHhwJh t&G,frSm &SdaecJhMur,fqkd&if b0wpfoufwmvkH; pkef;pkef;epfjr§KyfroGm;zkdY oabFm wpfpif; 0,fay;&r,fqkdwm OD;odygw,f/ 'gayr,fh OD;u tnw&rD;jywkduf? tdyfrufxJuuRef;? vlrodwJh armfuGef;wpfckyg rD;&,f/ ESvkH;om;qkdwm tMunhfcsif;em;vnfvkdY oHa,mZOfjrpfawG ajc&mcs? olYtvkdvdkqkduf uyfvmwJh &GufvTifhavSi,fav;wpfpif; r[kwfvm;uG,f/ rD;a&-- avmu"Hqkdwm tcGHrrmwJh b&mpD,m tJ- tJ a&ig;cl r[kwfbl;rD;&JU/ (avmu"H&Spfyg;-- vmb? tvmb? ,o? t,o? edE´m? yoHom? okc? 'ku©)/ qefpaumxJ pyg;vkH;&Smovkd? c½kcGHxJ ykvJ&Smovkd? qvkHuRef;rSm iSufokduf&Smovkd? &SmazGzkdY b,f vG,fyghrvJ/ (a&ig;cluawmh tcsKdrIefY puf½kHa&mufaeNyD/) vlYb0qkdwm 'ku©rsm;vkdYyifv,fa0ae&wmyJ/ o if: ]ymif: pdwfrylygeJY/ ql;cif;vrf;qkd ckHzdeyfpD;&r,f? yef;cif;vrf;qkd ckdpdrf;zdeyfpD;7r,f/ ca&mif;awmqkd a'gufjrifhzdeyf axGv pD;&r,fqkdwm v,fajrrSm qifoGm;ovkd xif&Sm;aewmyJ rD;&,f/ rD;[mrD; 0,fpD;aygh/ yef;arGU&may:rSmawmh 154 jcHKxnfryg tusÐAvmeJY tdyfMuwmaygh/ (tkdufvkdY)/ wlESpfukd,f wJtkdysufrSm a&aEG;Murf;wkdufr,fodvm;/
aa m m
(xrif;&nfu ½kd;oGm;NyD/) EkdYrIefYyJvsufvsuf? xef;vsufyJvsufvsuf? iSufaysmoD;yJ vsufvsuf? vsufcsifwm vsuf&apr,f/ y&m'kdawG rmpD'D;awGu ½kd;oGm;ygNyD/ odef; 300 xDayguf&ifawmh pufbD;wpfpD;0,fay;r,f/ xkdifckHjzKwfpD;aygh? avmavmq,fawmh OD;av ½kd;½kd;om;om;eJY BuKd;pm;NyD; rD;ukd acsmifxkd;xm;vkdufOD;r,f/ (em;rvnfovkdaevkdufyg rD;&,f/) OD;u rD;ukd r&cif zsmvkdrvdyfygbl;/ &NyD;rS vdyfr,fholyguG,f/ rD;r,kH&if jcHKxGifMunfh zGwfawGU&if awmifykdYrSef; od&r,f/ 'gayr,fh- OD;u zGwfausmjympk? c½kqHuRwf tjzpf rcHEidk yf gbl;/ jynft h iftm;jynfwiG ;f rSm &SNd yD;om;yg/ cspfob l 0rSm tvSq;Hk vkYd ajymNyD;? &NyD;csderf S usefwo hJ l awG tukefvSw,fajymwm rD;&JU aqGckESpfqifh? rsKd;ckESpfqifh? qJa&;wkdif;xGmenf; ynmtqifhtwef;ukd odcsifvkdYyg/ 'gayr,fh tkdifawGUwkdif; ajcraq;zkdY rarhovkd? ig;&HUvTwfzkdYvnf; rarhygbl;(ig;uefxJ)/ a&m *gykd;ul;awmhvnf; bmqef;vJ rD;&,f/ ]urÇmay:rSm vlom;oef;aygif;ajcmufaxmif tcspfqkH;rif;eJY wkdYyg 0ifw,f} (oDcsif; Feeling 0ifoGm;vkdYyg)wJh rD;&JU/ ]tdrfaxmifa&; &J&JawG;[Jh/ eifhtazqD tarGawmif;cJh} ('gqkd&ifvnf; NyD;a&m NyD;a&m rcspfbl;vkdY rSwfvdkufr,f)qkdwJh (Stanza)ukd wkEIdif;rJhvkdY acgif;pOf ay;vkdufwm OD;t&rf; av;pm;rdw,fodvm;/ Very Good Mee/ bmvkdYvJqkdawmh rD;&JU jzKwfOD;aESmufav;u jrif;½kdif;wpfaumifvkd tajy;oefaevkdY/ OD;vnf;av 0goemcsif;wlayr,fh ygwmcsif;rwlawmh rD;a&;vkdufwJh uAsmukd tBuD;tao; awG;&cufaew,fodvm;/ ]a&Tryg aiGAvm &Syf-- (csyf) rjynfhwJhtkd; abmifbifcwf/ OD;OD;qDukd tyf/ ylwlwl;av;,kdpkH pm;rvm;}qkdwJhuAsmav/ uJ-- OD;acgif;pOf ay;jyr,f/ ]tdrfaemufaz;wGif aps;qkid w f nfí acgif;wpf&mom;ukpd m;NyD; wpf&mG wpfusd rfaqmufyg/ 0ifaiGw;dk vdrrhf ,fw/hJ [kwNf yDvm;(tvGwf usufxm;aemf)/ rD;ygygay;vkdufwJh ausmufoifykef;eJY ausmufwHukd OD;eJYrD;u rdbtarGtjzpf qufxdef;&rSm aygh/--- 'grS om;av; 'g½kdufwm&ifeJY orD;av;*sifqef;rDwkdY arG;vm&if tarGjyefay;Ekdifr,fav/ umr(11) bkH? ½kly(16)bHk? t½ly(4)bkHqkdwJh (31)bkHu rvGwfrcsif; okH;csifovkdokH;ygap/ 'Dausmufoifykef;eJY ausmufwH ukd (528)oG,f oHa,mZOf (10)yg;jzpfjzpf? arwåmjzpfjzpf? (1500) udavomjzpfjzpf xm;wwfvm&if olwkdYtwGuf ykdaumif;wmaygh/ 'grSr[kwf&if vlwpfa,mufrSm pdwfwpfck,kwf(90)/ (89)/ apwodwf(52)/ ½kyf(28) ynwfw&m;awG&Sdw,fqkdNyD; aygufcJGypfvnf; aygufcGJypfvkdufaygh/ (bmrS tokH;ruswmukd;)/ 'grS rS at;oGm;rSm/ abmt*¾d? tkd-- rD;? &m*rD;? avmbrD;? a'gorD;? arm[rD;? romrD;? &yfuGufavmifwJhrD;? rD; rD; (rD;owf½kH;zkef;quf) 'Davmufqkd&NyDvm;/ OD;u rD;taMumif;awG t&rf;pdwf0ifpm;awmh wpfq,fhwpf oD;aomrD;ukd avhvmxm;w,fav/ aemufNyD; urÇmaygif; 64 urÇmrSm? rD;(7)Budrf? a&(1) aemufqkH; av(1)? rD; 56 Budrf? a& 7 Budrf? av 1 Budrf? BudrfpepfeJY wGufMunhf&if rD;aMumifh ysufwJhurÇm 56 urÇm&Sdw,fwJh/ OD;cspfwJh rD;u OD;urÇmeJYaygif;NyD; 57 urÇmzsufaygh/ ywd½yl a'o0gaomp? rD;eJo Y ifw h ifah vsmufywfwhJ 'Dy, J if;rSmae&wm r*Fvmyg/ ykaAÁp uwyknwm? a&S;aumif;rIuo k v dk &f w dS hJ OD;uawmh &efuek w f ?Ydk rEÅav;wkYd ae&mrsKd;rSmyJ aer,f/ rD;a&-- ]OMowk&Yd UJ tqif;u toH? [oFmwkdY&JU tqif;uawmifyH? a,mufsm;wkdY&JUtqif;u twwfynm? rdef;rwkdY&JU tqif;u vifukdjrwfEkd;&m}wJh/ ([kwfr[kwfawmh rodbl;/) bmyJjzpfjzpf [,fvifESri,f rD;&JU q,fvifjzpfwJh
\
OD;uawmh qefcgwifcspfvkdufNyD/ ,kHw,faemf/ ([kdfuf-- uGdKwf-- uGKdwf)/ rD;u Zdaee t&d,H 'gaeewJhvm;/ OD;u a0óEÅ&mvl0ifpm;qkdwm arhaeNyDaygh/ tauúma'e Zdaeaum"H/ OD;u raemomraumif;wm tajymuawmh qdwfacs;wpfwif;ykHjyifvkdyJ/ tD;tD;ygrusef ajym wwfw,f/ rD;u tom"kH om"kemZdaewJh/ OD;u oabmraumif;bl;vkdY ajAmifjiif;vkdufwmaygh/ OD;u oabm om raumif;wm/ oapöem&d,0g'dem? trSeftwdkif;yJ/ olrsm;a&;xm;wJh uAsmawG? 0w¦KawGxJu ul;a&; vkdufwm/ oabmraumif;bl;qkdwmvnf; ]apwemonf vlwkdif;eJY rwef? b0ukd rarhygESifh? oifhukd rsufESmcsKdaoG;vQif nmawmhrnf owdxm;? ukokdvfwpfyJ? i&Jwpfydóm? vljzpf½IH;nGefYwkH;awmhrnfom} aMumifhyg/ aMomf- 'geJY (pum;rpyf) v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m; tw¦KyÜwf rD;zwfzl;ovm;/ tJ'Dq&mawmf bk&m;Zmwdu 'DyJ,if;NrKdUe,f bmref;usOf;aus;&Gmqkdvm;yJ/ aemufNyD; rD;&JU arat a':r,fjym&JUtbGm;? a':r,faMumiftab;? a':r,fMum;&JUtbD? a':r,feD&JUtbif? a':r,f0g&JUtabmif? a':r,fpdrf;&JUtabm? a':r,fjzL&JUom;wJh/ rD;eJYu tpOftwdkif;wGufr,fqkd&if om;? ajr;? jrpf? wD? wGwf? uRwf? uRwfqwf? uRwfqwfawmfw,fodvm;/ (rSwfxm;aemf)/ rD;u uRwfqwf rD;uRwfqwf/ uJ- bmrSrqkdifwmajymrS tcspfppfqkdwm ,kHvkdufawmh/ rD;uvnf; w½kwfjynfu r[mwHwkdif;BuD;usaewmyJ/ rkd;wkd;rwfwwfBuD;ar;wm/ tm'rfeJY{0? omZHeJYaxG;jr r*Fvmaqmifwm? 94 urÇmxufu 0dyóDjrwfpGmbk&m;yGifhuwnf;uyg/ ork'´&mav;pif; 0ef;&HNyD; aexkdifvmMuwm/ ta&SUuRef;rSm touf 700? taemufuRef;rSm touf 500? ajrmufuRef;rSm touf 1000 &SnfNyD;? awmifuRef;arGUa&mufrS wdrf;yg;oGm;MuwmwJh/ ½kdrD,kdeJY *sLvd,ufqkdwm rif;armfuGef; eJY tdjE´mausmfZif? 'gayr,fh a[mvd0k'f ½kyf&Sifusawmh ½kdrD,kdeJY *sLvd,ufu wu,fao&rSm aMumufw,f wJh/ arceJY rvdcpkHwGJ w&m;0if vrf;cGJvkdufNyD/ &SifarGUEGrf;eJY rif;eE´m &efukefrSm irdk;&dyfacsmif;jcm;cJhNyD/ ewf oQifaemifeYJ &mZ"mwkuvsm? yk*?H tif;0? yif;,? uke;f abmifwpfae&m&mrSm qk;H MuNyD/ rif;usefppfeYJ rPdpE´m? vlrif;eJY pkd;jrwfeE´m rEÅav;eef;wGif;rSm ½kyf&Sif½kdufNyD;NyD/ oDaygrif;eJY pkzk&m;vwf tdE´d,EkdifiH &wem*D&d,m ,DxD;eef;rSm pHjref;oGm;NyD;/ tif;-- tckavmavmq,f jr0wDeJY MRTV Munf,if;wkdY bm wkdY cPxm;vkduf/ (rBuKd u f v k d Y r[k w f y g/) OD ; u vQyf p D ; a&S m if v D ? rD ; uvif q pf & if ; ? vpf q pf & if ; aoNyD q k d awmh a,Smif,rG u f adk pmifah &Smufovkv d ekd YJ aiGief;jzLeJY uBuKd;qufae&w,f/ pdwrf &Syd geJ/Y (pdw&f &dS ifvmcJah ygh) rMumcif Zmwfodrf;awmhrSmyg/ rD;a&-- tkdprmbifvm'if jyefvmr,fwJh yg;okdif;arG; rkwfqdwfarG;&dwfNyD;&if/ (EIwfcrf;arG;uawmh [lpdeftwGuf csefxm;wmyg/) q'rfeJY olYwynfhawG wlwlykef;upm;aeovkd? bkwf(&Sf)eJY bvJppfwk&ifupm; aew,f/ urÇmBuD;wdrf;apmif;aeovkd? cEÅD;jrpf a&epfaew,f/ (wDADGMunhfajymwm)/ opfawmawG jyKef;wD; vmwmtcspfaMumifh r[kwfovkd awmaMumifawG vufcarmif;cwfwm tcspfaMumifhr[kwfbl;/(rD;aMumifh) tkdZkef;vTmaygufuGJwm tcspfaMumifh r[kwfovkd OuúmysHuswm tcspfaMumifhr[kwfbl;/ urÇmBuD;qGJtm; &Sdwm tcspfaMumifh r[kwfovkd na0;aezJorm; tJ- izJom;jzpfwm tcspfaMumifhr[kwfbl;/ wpfESpfrSm q,fhESpfv&Sdwm tcspfaMumifh r[kwfovkd atmifaEGOD; pmay½l;wm tcspfaMumifh r[kwfbl;/ wpf&ufrSm (24)em&D&Sdwm tcspfaMumifhr[kwfovdk xm;0,frSm armif;ruef&Sdwm tcspfaMumifh r[kwfbl;/ (tavmif; o if: pnfolrif;aMumifh)/ a&S;acwfuawmh wpf&ufrSm em&D(60)&Sdw,fwJh/ A[kd&feJYwGufwm rD;pnfeJYwGuf&ifawmh ]ymif: axGv b,fESpfem&DMumrvJ tJ- [kwfp &SdrvJ rodbl;/ jre'DysLNrKdUa[mif;u ausmufpmukd ckxd rzwfEkdifao; 156 wm rEÅav;rSm &SdwJh ausmufpmawGus zwfjzpfOD;rSmwJhvm;/ bmyJjzpfjzpf rD;tcspfukd ,kHvkdufNyD/ abbDpGDwD
aa m m
ygygyg abAkH; abAkH;/ rD;a& OD;em;,m;w,fqw dk m rD;&JU AsL;pum;awG em;rvnfv/Ydk OD;tonf;,m;w,fqw dk m t½l;r,m; eJY zl;upm; tJ- zJupm;csifvkdY/ OD; ESmap;w,fqkdwm tifZmaq;eJY w&m;cHar;rvkdY/ w&m;cHb,folvJ/ (ausmf[def;Zmwfum;r[kwfyg/) OD; rsufpdanmif;w,fqkdwm Modern uAsmawG tul;rsm;vkdY/ (rD;&JU &v'f uAsm/) OD;'l;emw,fqkdwm zl;pm ewfyl;umuyfvdkY/ OD;wpfukd,fvkH; anmif;nmw,fqkdwm rD;ukd,fvkH;BuD; eJY tzdcHcsifvkdY (El;nHhaysmhaysmif;EGJUEGJU)/ tJavmufxd rD;tcspfukd vufcHw,f/ ]owd? acG;ukdufwwfonf} rD;a&--- ajymr,fhpum;awG tdwfoGefzmarSmuf vkdufaumufaewkef; yvkwfwkwf/ 0kwf- 0kwf -0kwf rD;rajy;eJY xkdifcsvkduf/ (ajrBuD;ay:ukd)/ [JhacG;-- rD; rajy;eJY-- [JhacG;? rD;-- rD;-- acG;rD; [m vGJukefNyD(taMumtjcifr[kwf/) pum;vkH;awG/ acG;qGJvkdY ajy;cJh&wJh &mZ0ifykdif&Sif rD;a& -- tcGJav; av;cGJ ygwmeJY aoG;&Jatmif xyfrvkyfvkdufygeJY tajzay;csif&if pdwfuav; xyfjyifNyD; (tD;tD;ygcsifpdwf)? rsKd o d y f x m; orQ (OD ; wk d Y w pf t d r f a usmf u acG ; vk d ) xd e f ; rEk d i f od r f ; r& 'Pf & mawG AvyG e J Y (&,fp&mr*¾Zif;uwpfqifh)&ifzGifh pum;awGukd oufaojyvkdufwJh rD;rD;aemfac: Lovely lover Mee Star a&-- OD;-- OD;vnf;av (xpfxpf) r,kcH sif ,kcH sifovkd ,kex f if? ZeD;xifNyD; taumifvu dk v f ;DS ypfvu dk Nf yDa[h/ rD;a&--- a&;p&mvnf; pum;ukefNyD? aw;p&mvnf; rifukefNyD/ awG;p&mvnf; ta&;rygwmrsm;? ay;p&mvnf; &nf;pm;wumrsm;? ar;p&mvnf; tifwmeufrtm;? ai;p&mvnf; rdef;rawGrsm;aevkdY wkdYwmawG? r0bl;awG ajymraeygeJYawmh/ OD;rSm tararG;uwnf;u 'DavmufyJ ygwmukd;/ auseyfvkduf aygh/ [kwfw,fav/ ]a&Tyifv,fBuD;umqD;xm;vnf; ocifhqD tajy;jyefvmrnf} 'gawGu olrsm;awG vkyfNyD;oGm;NyD/ olwkdYu oDcsif;qkdjy&if OD;eJYrD;u AD'D,kd ½kdufMuwmaygh/ [kwfbl;vm;/ uJ-- Mumw,fAsm/ OD;u ZmwfnTef;eJY o½kyfaqmif ig;aMumfpdrf;/ rD;u 0w¦KeJY o½kyfaqmif iefwmvIdif;/ ½SLwifu armif;ruef urf;ajc/ uJpNyD-- &,f'D-- 0rf;wl;o&D;/ ]iefwm&,f? iefwmeJY a0;ae&wJh aeY&ufawGu a[m'Dyifv,f jymBuD;vkyd J Munhaf va0;av ½Irqk;H Ekid b f ;l / av,lavodr;f pmawG ½SL½Iu d &f if; xif;½SL;yifao;ao;av;wpfyif rawGUvku d ef YJ xif;½SL;awmBuD;jzpfv-Ydk -- wpfcgwav ykw H ydk wfpav; Mum;rd&ifawmif Aef*vkrd mS o&Jajcmuf wmukd owd&rdw,f wmief&,f/ tckvkd cg;wl;aewJh tcsdefqkd&if oJjzL;wrf;upm;&wm &Syf-- tJ-aysmfovkd cHpm;&w,fodvm;/ qkHcsifNyD iefwm&,f/ (aZmfykdif? acsmpkcif r[kwfyg/) a&v,fu uRef;awG qD vufypful;&if; opfckd; avSawGukdzrf;r,f/ arQmf&pfukd tac:qifhNyD; tDMumauG;? tJ--- rvduRef;qG,f ukd jrifatmifMunhfr,f/ wkdYESpfa,mufqkHawGUr,fqkd&ifaygh/ ,kHygw,f ig;pdrf;aMumf tJawmh-- ig;aMumfpdrf; &,f/ eifh&JUtcspfawGukd aumufauGUaewJh okH;xyfvrf;twkdif; ig,Hkw,f[,f/ igvnf;av eifeJYom aysmf &r,fqkd&if tkef;yifzsm;rSmemNyD; vIdif;vkH;BuD;awGyJ pm;& pm;&/ urf;ajcrSm a&epfNyD; a&ylprf;xJ ckefcs&ckefcs& -- c½kcHGav;awGukd cspfovkd eifhukdvnf; igcspfw,f[m/ oJaomifjyifrSm tajy;ckdif;NyD; tarmqkdYaewJh eifhrsufESmukd Munhfae&r,fqkd&if &,fp&mr*¾Zif;awmif zwfp&mrvkdbl;[Jh/ tJ'g eifodvm;/ eifhaomuf/ tJtJ-- iefwm [kd[kd rD;cPav; cPav; OD;wkdY tck½kdufaewJh Zmwfum;rSm 'g½kdufwmu b,folvJ[if/ rD;a& aemufwpfyk'f quf½kdufMuwmaygh/ rarQmfom raysmfom tazmf&SmavwhJ('DyJ,if;u) rD;rD;aemftwGuf-One. Stop.Tow. Stop eJ Y taoaqmh r ,f h - -aZmf(xm;0,f)
\
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 &,fp&m&nf;pm;pmtrSwf(15)? q&mrrD;rD;aemf('DyJ,if;)\ acG;vkdufqGJvkdY ajy;cJh&wJh 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 &mZ0if&nf;pm;pmtm; a,mufsm;av;bufrS jyefvnfacsyay;pm 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
BuKdwifowday;xm;yg&ap vGef;juifiSufi,f
cspfrD;... uGJpuwfawGukd ESpfoufwwfwJh ydefydef&Snf&Snf0g;jcrf;arav; rD;a& ]rD;? rD;}eJY jrnfaewJh OD;&JU&ifckefoHukd jyefMum;&aeawmh Mumvm&if &ifxJrSm rD;xawmufrSmukd pkd;&drfaerdw,frD;/ 'gaMumifh rD;&JUtcspft,fvfukda[mukd OD;&JUrD;awmifBuD;xJ pD;qif;cGifhjyKwJhtwGuf Thank you so much. rD;rD;av;a&... rD;&JUtcspu f fkd r&cJb h ;l qk&d if OD;qk;H jzwfcsuw f pfck csxm;ygw,f/ ½krd , D [ dk m *sL;vd,uf aovkdY vkdufaooGm;cJhw,f/ wkdifwif;epfoabFmBuD; jr§Kyfwkef;u *suf[m ½kdUpftwGuf taocHoGm;w,f/ OD;uawmh rD;pdwfcsrf;omr,fqkd&if rD;ta':tysKdBuD;ukdyJ ,l& ,l&(rD;twGuf ajymwmyg/) OD;ukd tajzay;zkv Yd mwJh nu acG;vku d q f w JG t hJ wGuf 0rf;om(tJ) pdwrf aumif;ygbl;/ {uEÅ'aD umifu narSmifarSmifrSm rD;&JUtuGJawGatmufu ajcovkH;rnf;rnf;([kwfbl;) jzLjzLukdjrifawmh trJ½kd;xifNyD; vkduf ukdufwmjzpfrSmyg/ ('Davmufydefwm xifrSmaygh/) aemif 'Dvkd rjzpfapzkdY 'DacG;ukd trJom;rsm;rsm; auR;NyD;em; 0ifatmif qkH;ray;yghr,fuG,f.. rD;ukad v OD;t&rf;n§p(f tJav)? t&rf;cspfygw,f/ jzpfEidk rf ,fq&dk if wmaem,u©bv D ;l BuD;u ork', o*Ðukd cspfvGef;vkdY tmcHwGif;xJrSm a&TMuKwfeJYxnfhNyD; ikHxm;ovkd OD;uvnf; rD;ukd yg;pyfxJxnfhNyD; rsKdcs vku d cf sifwmyg/ 'gayr,fh OD;twGurf usef rSmpk;d vk(Yd wpfrsKd;rawG;eJ)Y rD;rsufEmS ukjd rif&if Munhv f rYdk &awmhrmS pk;d vkYd rrsKad wmhygbl;/ wmaem,u©vdk tmcH wGi;f xJrmS xnhNf y;D ikx H m;&ifaum rD;u ykord o f m;av; armifausmufprd ;f eJY bmnmuGduG? tDpDuvD? bmbmnmnm? awmifawmifajrmufajrmuf? a&SUa&SUaemufaemuf(b,fawGa&muf ukefNyDvJ)awG jzpfNyD; aemufrD; vif;rSmvm; (ykd;pkef;MuL;yJjzpfjzpf? um;aemufrD;yJjzpfjzpf/) OD;&JUcE¨mukd,f[m qifcE¨m0ufukd,fvkH;ayr,fh rD;eJYawGU&if cifoEÅmoufcsKdjyHK;(tJav... a,mif vkdY) ,ifcE¨m
aa m m
tcspfBuD;olyguG,f... rD;[m a&cGufuav;qkd&if OD;uawmh wkdifuDykH;xJu a&awGayghrD;&,f ]rD;}qkdwJh a&cGufuav;u ]OD;}qkdwJh a&awGukd xbDyJavQmfavQmf? tdrfomyJaq;aq;(tJ...rSm;vkdY) oGefvkdoGef? arSmufvkdarSmufyguG,f rD;pdwfcsrf;omr,fqkd&if t*FgN*Kd[fukd oGm;NyD; N*Kd[fao;yef;&Gufukdvnf; cl;ay;&Jyg w,f/ OD;b0rSm rD;&SdrS jzpfr,f/(rD;r&Sd&if arSmifaerSmaygh/) wu,fawmh rD;&,f...]tjzLa&mifvGifjyif}xJu ]ESvHk;vSq&m0ef}[m ]tPÖ0gcspfol}yg teuf a&mifuGif;jyifxJu cGufykef;qkdifav;[m OD;&JUtkdatppfav;yg/ rD;om a&a0;ukdoGm;csifw,fqkd&if a':vm awG b,favmufyJukefukef ta&mufykdYay;r,fholyg/ rD;av;? cspfav;? tonfav;? ylw;l wl;av;? taphvw G x f ;l ? ausmf[ed ;f (ZD;xkyef mrnfawG jzpfuek f NyD/) rD;u EkrYd jywfao;bl;qk&d if OD;u Dumax? 1 Plus 1 Golden Cow EkrYd eI aYf wGudk tqifoih0f ,fxm;r,fo h yl g/ ]uav;&Sd&if a&TaoG;&SdrSjzpfr,f}qkdawmh rD;twGuf a&TaoG;oli,fem &ifvl;aq;0,fxm;zkdY 0efrav;ygbl; uG,f/ rD;u iSufaysmoD;awG? oMum;vkH;awG pm;wmrsm;oGm;&if &ifusyfrSmpkd;vkdY xufvif;&ifvl;aq;ukd vnf; ukd,feJYruGm aqmifxm;rSmyg... rD;a&... OD;u ]ESvkH;vSvlrkduf}jzpfae&if rD;ua&m ]orD;rkduf}tjzpf cHEkdif&JUvm;[if/ ]t&dyfyrm rcGJcGm}yJ ]at;wlyltrQ}aecsifw,fvkdY OD;uajym&if rD;u ]pmemwwfolrkdY} ]vrf;cGJpum;}ajymrSmr[kwfbl;qkdwm OD; em;vnfygw,f/ ]cspfolem;rSm} ]tjrJwrf;twGuf} ]wpfa,mufrsufESmwpfa,mufMunhfum} aecsifayr,fh OD;u oabFmoD;(tJ..a,mifvkdY) oabFmom;qkdawmh oabFmwufoGm;vkdY ]a0;rsm;a0;&if} ]a&mrausmuf½kyf}ukd ]xm0&vufaqmif}tjzpf ]trSwfw&}ykdYay;vkdufr,f ]tcspf&,fae&pfawmhuG,f oGm;awmhr,f} ]rD;a&... 0goemukd tajz&SmvkYd r&ovk?d ygwemukv d nf; taonmzkYd roifyh gbl; ][kid af 0}ukMd unhf NyD; xkdifaevkdY r&ovkd ]wka0}ukd MunhfNyD; nKaevkdYNyD;rSmvm; ]vGrfa[GU}aMumifh jyefawGU&ayr,fh ]qGefeef} u taysmfMuHrSm r[kwfygbl;uG,f...
\
aMumfjimrSm azmfwmrqef;ayr,fh ay:wmrsm;oGm;&ifawmh om;a&usp&mayghrD;&,f... rD;ua&m OD;ukd Eva qkdNyD; tyDnmrSmvm;[if... tar&duef[m auoDyefr[kwfovkd tD&wf[mvnf; tyDrowf ygbl;uG,f wu,fawmhrD;&,f... jr{u&D? auoDyefwkdY[m b,folYukd ajymw,fqkdwm rodayr,fh jr[oFm? &Dykdukdawmh OD;aumif;aumif;odygw,f? ([if;...[if;...n§if;) rD;odatmif ajym&OD;r,f OD;av usKdufacgufrSm AkdufarSmuftdyfchJayr,fh ausmufwef;rSm wpf a,muf irf;cJhygao;w,f? okH;cGrSm tokH;ruscJhayr,fh olaX;uGif;rSm tajy;ujrif;cJhygao;w,f/ OD;[m *syefrSm toHxGufcJhayr,fh w½kwfrSm rvkyfcJhygbl;/ (tvkyfukd ajymwmyg/) OD;wkaYd ,mufsm;awGu rde;f uav;awG uGpJ uwf0wfwm vdu k af jymaevkYd rD;rauseyfovkd OD;uvnf; wpfck ar;csifw,f/ OD;wkdYa,mufsm;awGukda&m rD;wkdYrdef;uav;awGu vlukdjrifatmif bmaMumifh ajcrukdyJ MunhfaeMuwmvJ/ taMumif;&SdvkdYvm;/ (bmtaMumif;aMumifhqkdawmh odNyD;om;/) tckqkd&if OD;eJYrD;u n§pfol(tJ...) cspfolawG jzpfoGm;MuNyDqkdwm rMumawmhwJhtcsdefrSm wpf a,mufuw dk pfa,muf eifyg;½ku d &f if igem;wD;(tJv. dk ..vkyyf gbl;) &,lyidk q f idk cf sifMuawmhr,fav/ 'gaMumifh rD;ukd wifawmif;zkdY OD;oabFmoD;a&mif;vkdY&xm;wJhaiG (tkd;...[kwfao;ygbl;) oabFmvkdufvkdY &xm;wJh a':vmeJY rD;ukdvmawmif;yghr,f/ (ukd,fhbmom oabFmay:rSm ukef;ywfyJwkdufwkduf? tdrfomyJaq;aq;) tJ'Dtcgus&if rD;u OD;qDrSm rsufapmif;eJYtcspfawmif;OD;rSmvm;[if...) a&S;pum;ykHwpfck&Sdw,frD;... ]aoQmifaemufqHxkH;yg}whJ/ tckacwfrSm a'G;au? &mZmae0if;au acwfpm;aevkYd OD;awmifAu dk u f av;au n §yx f m;ygao;w,f/ rD;rSmaum aemufwq JG x H ;Hk ? wpfywfvQKdqx H ;Hk ? *syefqHxkH;? uyÜvDqHxkH;? rav;&Sm;qHxkH;ykHpHawG xkH;zkdY tarG;&Sd&JUvm;/(qHyifarG;ukdajymwmyg/) 'gayr,fh acwfawGajymif;ukefNyD rD;... rdef;uav;awG xGef;tdjE´mAkd&JU uwkH;auukd oabmusvkdY uwkH;wkH;ukefMu o if: NyD/ tJ'DvkdyJ a,mufsm;awG[mvnf; rdef;r,lNyD;&if rdef;rtdrfvkdufaeMuvkdY qHxkH;aemufaoQmifyg? uwkH; ]ymif: axGv aemufarmifyg acwfjzpfoGm;NyD/ 'gayr,fh OD;uawmh rD;wkdYtdrfukd vkdufraeygbl;uG,f/ rD;u ajymw,faemfOD;&JU rsufpdukd ykpGefrsufpdvkdYav/ wu,fawmhrD;&,f... OD;[m vnfyif;BuD;
aa m m 160
a&m*gonfwpfa,mufyg? vnfyif;BuD;vkdY rsufvkH;jyL;wm rqef;ygbl;uG,f/ wpfaeYukd a&Smufaygif;(39)vkH; aomufvkdY tonf;BuD;NyD; Akdufylwmukd qef;w,fvkdY rD;u ajymOD;rSmvm;/ OD;&JU rnf;eufawmifajymifwJh EIwfcrf;arG;BuD;[m jrefrmrIukd xdrf;odrf;wmyg/ tJ'DEIwfcrf;arG;aumufaumufBuD;ukd Aef;jyNyD; oabFm urf;wpfcgqkduf&if (EkdifiHjcm;rSmajymwmaemf/) uRefawmf jrefrmygqkdNyD; EkdifiHjcm;a&muf jrefrmawGqDrSm a': vmvkdufawmif;cJhwm rD;rSrodbJ (EkdifiHjcm;rSm olawmif;pm;vkyfcJhwm b,folodwmrSwfvkdY ar;vnf;rar;Mu yg/) vkd&if;ukd ajymr,frD;... OD;&JUnD ti,fqkH;av;wpfa,muf tDoD,kdyD;,m;rSm tvkyfoGm;vkyfae wm rD;odygw,faemf/ tck oljyefa&mufaeNyD/ 'gayr,fh rD;&,f... olYrSm tonf;a&miftom;0g(B)? ESvkH;a&m*g? iSufzsm;? acsmif;qkd;? &ifusyf? ovdyfuyf? aemufqkH;yGifhyGifhvif;vif;? r&Sufwrf;? ajymifajymif wif;wif;? &J&J&ifh&ifh ajym&&if AIDS a&m*gjzpfaeNyDrD;&,f? tajctaeuawmh t&rf;rqkd;ao;ygbl;/ ukd,frSm temawG aygufNyD; tdyf&mxJvJaewJhtqifhyJ &Sdygao;w,f/ OD;&JU nDti,fqkH;av;rkdY OD;t&rf;cspf w,f/ olY&JUtoufukd wwfEkdiforQ qGJqefYxm;csifw,f/ jzpfEkdifr,fqkd&ifav nDav;&JU toufukd rD;&JU toufeJYvJay;(tJ...[kwfygbl;) OD;&JUtoufeJY vJay;vkdufcsifwmyguG,f/ q&m0efawG&JU ajymjycsuft&qkd&if aemufxyf(6)ESpfavmufyJ ae&awmhr,fwJh/ OD;av t&rf;0rf; oGm;(tJ) 0rf;enf;wmyJuG,f/ tdrfrSmvnf; olYukd jyKpkr,fhol r&Sdbl; rD;&,f/ OD;uvnf; OD;tvkyfeYJOD;r[kwf vm;/ (wpfaeukef t&ufaomuf&r,fav/) 'gaMumifh OD;wkdYESpfa,muf jrefjrefvufxyf&atmifaemf/ vufxyfNyD;&if rD;u OD;wkYdtdrfvkdufaeNyD; nDav;ukd rD;&JUarmifav; t&if;acgufacgufwpfa,mufvkd oabm xm;NyD; ukd,fxdvufa&muf? ausmom;&ifom;rcGJbJ ukd,fzd&ifzd jyKpkay;ygaemf/ nDav; xrif;r0g;Ekdif&if rD;ukd,fwkdif0g;NyD; cGHUauR;ay;aemf/ nDav; a&rcsKd;Ekdif&if rD;ukd,fwkdifcsKd;ay;aemf/ nDav;&JU cE¨mukd,fay:u temawGukdvnf; rD;ukd,fwkdif aq;xnfhay;aemf...aemf...aemf../ (yZmyJhjzpfjzpf rD;vwfcHr,fqkdxif&,f ',fuRwf&d rD;odtGefBuKdwefAD; today;vkduf&,f/) rD;em;rvnfawmhbl; r[kwfvm;([d...[d) aysmfvkdufwm uawmifuvkdufcsifao;/ 'gayr,fh rD;OD;aESmufpm;rSm rvkdvm;vkdY bmomjyefay;vkdufr,f/ tJ'g ykavmpum;aygh/ (bmyJjzpfjzpf rD;vufcHvdrfh r,fvkdY xifw,f/ 'gaMumifh rD;odatmifBuKdwifNyD; today;vkdufw,f/) [if;....[if;...[if; bJ&D;*Gwf/ Hello! My Chit Thu Dar Pel Naw Letter Fly Naw
OD;&JUrD; qifcE¨mOD;&JU rD;0g;jcrf;jym;av; tjrJwrf; ydefaeygap rD;&JUcspfcspftkdBuD;OD; vGef;MuifiSufi,f(ykavm) &,f^pmcspfol-5552
\
uAsmjzpfoGm;&aomb0
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 162
b0[m toufaphae&ufeJY qGJvkdufwJh zJcsyfavmufawmif &ifckefzkdY raumif;cJh/ b0[m buf(cf)[rf;&JU z&D;upfwpfvkH;avmufawmif raocsm ra&&mcJh/ b0[m *E´D&JU zdeyf wpfzufavmufawmif vlod olod rjzpfcJh/ b0[m awmif;aygufeJY zm;aumufovkd tustayguf rsm;vGef;w,f/ b0[m aqmif;wGif;tdyfruf&Snfwpfyk'fvdk uarmufur qefvGef;w,f/
b0[m uav;i,fwpfa,mufpm;wJh xrif;vkd tavtvGifh tzdwftpifrsm;vGef;w,f/ b0[m armif;qkHxJ xnfhaxmif;cH&wJh qefvkdyJ tusKd;taMursm;cJh&/ b0[m tysKdpifwpfa,muf csifjcif;wyfovkdyJ rqDrqkdifawG jzpfcJh&/ b0[m trIdufrypf&qkdwJh qkdif;bkwfvkdyJ trIdufykHxJ aZmufxkd;rkd;arQmfjzpfcJh&/ tJ'gawGeJYyJ aemufqkH;awmh. aq;vdyfrD;ckd;aiGUawGMum; b0[m uAsmjzpfoGm;/ tarmif(yk*H)? &,f^pmcspfol-608
tcspfpm&dwårdwåL tonf;ukd tpdrf;vkduf 0g;pm;oGm;wJh&Gmolwpfaumif ajcawGvufawG ½kdufcsKd;ukwfzJhoGm;wJh usm;opfrwpfa,muf &ifckefwmawmif aumif;aumif;ckefcGifhray;wJh ckdrwpfpif; tpm0vkdY tdyfwef;jyefwJh ysm;bk&ifrwpfck wrvGefukd aumufaumufygatmif vkdufoGm;wJh em;vnfrIt&SdqkH; uRefawmfhukd,f wpfjcrf;cspfol pdwåZaxmifxJ oGufoGufcgatmif ypfcsvkdfufwJh rm&DvifrGef½kd;}twk ukd,fhukd,fukd,f bmtdyfruf rufaerSef;rodwJhig/ ............................... &Gmolwpfaumif ig ............................... usm;opfrwpfa,muf ig ............................... ckdrwpfpif; ig ............................... ysm;bk&ifrwpfck ig ............................... ukd,fwpfjcrf;cspfol ig ............................... ]rm&DvifrGef½kd;}twk ig ............................... ig ............................... ig 'DaeY igvnf; tm;vkH;xyfwlxyfrQ/ pkdif;pkdif;(&Srf;) &,f^pmcspfol-2588
\
0wf ½ k H pd w f u l ;... ...0wf nrSm... va&mif[m t"dyÜm,fawG wpfcGufNyD;wpfcGufarmhaomufvkdY vif;vufrI aysmufqkH;aewmawmif jyHK;NyD;aeEkdifao;&if... (igh&ifukd eif;oGm;yg...) tdyfpufjcif;rJhpGmeJY [mvm[if;vif;jzpfaewJh tjzLa&mifESvkH;om;ukda&m... vufjyEIwfqufzkdY tcsdefrusao;bl;vm;... twåyg;yg;eJY... aemufusdayusHaeqJ jy'g;rygwJh MunhfrSefwpfcsyfukd tvGrf;awG okwfvdrf;zkdY BuKd;pm;wkdif; tcef;ysufOD;aESmufxJ atmf[pfoHMum;vkdufw,f/ uAsmawG...jyefYusJ rsuf&nfawG... jyefu Y sJ qE´awG(ajymif;jyef)... jyefu Y sJ aeYopfawG... jyefusJU ............................. igukd,fwkdifvnf; jyefYusJ&if;eJY arQmfvifhjcif;avSum;uae... vdrfhusoGm;&jyefw,f/ &nfql;i,f(Oya') &,f^pmcspfol-244
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 164
tcspf p d w f u l ; yG i f h z l ; uAsm aumfzDaomufjcif; qkdiftkdi,fav;xJrSm aumfzDcGufav;wpfcGuf rkd;taqG;awG ½kwfw&ufNyKdusw,f a0'em weifhwpfykd;eJY rkd;&nfpufawG aumfzDcGufxJrSm tvGrf;awG tqkH;rowfEkdifawmhbl;/ at;pufp &ifckefoHxJ rmetokd;awG awmufavmifaeqJ tdyfrufxJu terf;awG b,fvkdvkyfNyD; vSEkdifrSmvJ taiGUwtltleJYaumfzDwpfcGuf rif;ay;cJhwJh t&mtm;vkH; auseyfpGm pm;okH;vkdufygw,f rkd;onf;onf; &GmaewmuvGJUvkdUaygh./ oufrSL;ZifZif &,f^pmcspfol-4993
tonf;'Pf&m igh&ifxJu cHpm;ae&a0'em b,foljrifEkdifrSmvJ ta0;qkH;rSm rif;&JUtrkef;eJY pdrf;um;rIawG tcspfqkdwmu ay;qyfjcif;oufoufygcspfol [efaqmifjyHK;awGeJY wdwfwdwfaMuuGJaewm igaygh/ uAsmcspfol &,f^pmcspfol-2178
{nfhpm&if;r&SdwJhig wu,fawmh rD;ysufcJhwJh twdwfawGtwGuf tifAmwm0,fzkdYxd owdår&SdcJhbl;/ 'gayr,fh rkef;wkdif;usr,fh reufjzefawGukd paw;a&SmifzkdYawmh cGeftm;tjynfh&dSygao;w,f/ tckawmhvnf; "mwfqDukefaewJh 'DntwGuf za,mif;wkdifrD;rIwfvkdY tdyfawmhr,f/ usL;vpfyf &,f^pmcspfol-3346
a0'emtdrf tMuifemtMunhfrsm;qkHcsdef &ifckefn§KdUcsuf yOövufjrm; ESvkH;om;ukd xGif;azmufoGm;cJhaygh/ cHppfraumif;cJhwJhESvkH;om;[m ocifa&SUarSmufus½IH; ig[mtcspfBuD;olvkH;vkH;jzpfcJh& rsuf0ef;pdrf;rsm;qkHcsdef a0'emtdrfxJ 'PfcwfcHESvkH;om; emusifjcif;tjyHK;rsm;eJY tqkH;xdcspfcJh/ t,lcHr0ifcJhayr,fhvnf; ocifhtrkef;xdcJhwJhae&m &ifcGifrSm tqdyfrD;eJY uRrf;avmifaecJhw,f/ ESif;oufNidfrf &,f^pmcspfol-3027
Telephone ESif;awGuswJh nwpfnrSmaygh Telephone ukd ig uokdPf;½I; rif;ukd arwåmykdYaerdw,f/ wu,fvkdYom w,fvDyoDenf;ukd prf;oyfcGifh&&if rif;ukd t&ifprf;oyfvkdufcsifw,f/ ighrSm rsufvkH;awGvnf;atmifh ausmawGvnf; awmifhukefNyD em;awGvnf;um; vufuvnf; ,m;vmNyD/ apmifhvkduf&wJh phone wpfaeYrvm wpfnrvmeJY ighrSmphone apmifhewf tavmif;tvsmjzpfvkdYaeaygh/ at;csrf;ol(uavm) &,f^pmcspfol-4935
\
tcspf p d w f u l ; yG ihfz l ; uAsm rkdufrJjcif;(2)
ukd;q,f'D*&DtrSwf
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 166
uHMur®mvrf;qkHrSm cyfawGawGav;xkdifNyD; 'gav;jzpfwefaumif;yg&JUvkYd ukd,fwpmpm rawmif;wçcJhzl;ygbl;ol cg;vkdYvnf;"m;çrukdifovkd csKd&ifvnf; tdyfruffrrufwwfwhJukd,fyg cg;cg;csKdcsKd BudwfrSdwf&ifqkdif0hHwJhukd,f wyfrufrIysm;&nfqrf; "m;oGm;ay:uukd,f&,fyg oljzpfvmrSawmh tonf;pm;pm; yv’ifxm;xm;aygh ukd,fcHpm;wwfyg&JU 'gayr,fh cspfovm;? rkef;ovm;ruGJjym;wJh a[m'Dvrf;cGJrSm rkdufrkdufrJrJ ½l;oGyfae&w,fqkdwmukdawmh ukd,f0rf;enf; yufvuf0efcH&awmhrSmyJav/ [def;aEG½Idif;(a&TuRef;ajr) &,f^pmcspfol-2911
tavhusaygufwmrsm;wJhtcg owd&jcif;awG awmxvmw,f uRefawmfh arQmfvifhcsufwkdif;ukd aumif;uifqD vSrf;ypfwifae&wm tdyfrufawGvnf; armvSNyD twkHY&SdNyD; tjyefrJhcJhorQ avmu½ku d cf sufuvnf;jyif;awmh cspfjcif;qkdwm vG,fra,mifeJYcuf wdrfra,mifeJY eufwmyguGm 'DvkdeJY ausmckdif;&r,fqkdvnf; atmifjrifaom qkwfcGmjcif;aygh b0ukd rD;nd§rSawmh wwdwd vIdufpm;wkdoGm;rSmyJav rodwmvnf; r[kwf/ EG,fEG,fatmif(rEÅav;) &,f^pmcspfol-627
tajzrodao;wJhykpäm ESvkH;om;wHcg;ukd zGifhxm;ay;yg oDtkd&Dwpfyk'fukd ig&Gwfjyr,f w[D[DuRef;u tvGrf;awGukd odrf;ykduf rkd;jyma&mifaumif;uifBuD;u wdrfwdkufawGukdxdef;ausmif; a&r&SdwJhacsmif;uav;u rsuf&nfawG0JaecJh ESvkH;om;awG wqpfqpfemusifaewJhMum;u ae0ifcsdefukdai;Munhf &oçr&SdwJh tm[m&awGu cg;oufrIawGeJYppfcif; 'Pf&mrJhESvkH;om;u aoG;ysufaecJh 'gawG tm;vkH;MumcJhNyDyJ tpdrf;&ifh&ifhjrufcif;jyifawmif ajcmufaoGUvkdY a[mif;EGrf;aewJhykpämwpfyk'fu eifeJYighukd ydwfavSmifxm;w,f/ jr&Tef;vJh,Of &,f^pmcspfol-3186
q
C ef
;
o
pf
p
pm
Ek
,
Of
q
ef
C;
o
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890
qE´eaYJ umif;uifudk zufw, G cf siaf om uRefawmfMum;rSm em;vnfrIawG &SdapcsifwmygyJ/ wpfpw Hk pfcu k dk vkcd si&f if wpfpw Hk pfcu k dk jyefay; &w,fqw dk mukd em;vnfoabmaygufxm;ayr,fh vufawGUqkdwm r&SdvkdY pdwfxJu r,kHcJhovkdygyJ/ uRefawmfh&JUykHpHu a,mufsm;av;qefw,f? acgif; rmw,f? *spu f efuefeYJ uk, d &hf ifxrJ mS &Sw d chJ pH m;csuf ukd b,folrS rodapbJ pmtkyfxJrSm csa&;wwfwJh tusifheJYyg/ oli,fcsif;awGeJY aysmfaysmfaewwfwJh uRefawmfhrSm cspfolqkdwm &Sdvmawmh ykHpHajymif;vJ ypfc&hJ w,f/ rde;f uav;vkd aewwfatmif BuK;d pm; cJ&h w,f/ cspo f t Yl vku d s? cspo f al p&m jzpfatmifaygh/ 'gayr,fh uRefawmfh&JU *spfuefuef vkyfwwfwJh tusifhu raysmufcsifbl;/ olYuG,f&mrSmawmh ol jzpfcsiw f mukd vku d v f yk w f wfw,f/ uReaf wmf&h UJ b0 rSm tjzpfcsifqkH; qE´u awmh oleYJ
tcspfqkdwmukd cHpm;em;vnfNyD;wJhaemufrSm cGJcGm jcif;qkw d mukd rawG;&JavmufatmifygyJ/ b0wpfck vkH;eJY &if;NyD; cspfw,fqkdwmukd olodatmif? em; vnfatmif &Sif;rjywwfbl;/ olYukd b,favmuf owd&aeygap/ wu,fwrf; awGUMu&if rsufESm wif;wif;eJY [efaqmifae&wJyh pHk u H dk ESpo f ufcw hJ ,f/ wpfa,mufwnf;aewwfwJh tusifhukd txD;usef jcif;vkYd owfrw S v f Ydk r&Ekid o f vkd uReaf wmf&h UJ acgif; rmwwfwJhtusifheJY tcspfMum;rSm vGJrSm;rIqkdwm wjcm;pDyJvkdY xifw,f/ cspfol&JU *½kpkdufrIeJY ukd,fh tay: tvkdufwodeJY vkyfay;wmukd vkdcsifcJhayrhJ tjrt J vky½f yI af ewwfwJh olaY Mumifh uReaf wmf&h ifxJ rSm rsu&f nfqw dk mukd b0eJY vJwwfcw hJ ,f/ pdwu f ;l ,OftdyfrufawGeJY aysmf&Tifae&ayr,fh vufawGU b0rSm ay;qyfcJh&wJh tcspftwGuf wkHYjyefrIukd &ifew YJ pfcv k ;Hk vkcd siw f hJ uk, d u hf , dk f uk, d f tjrrJ ek ;f ae wJh taetxm;uae xGufaygufay;jzpfcJhw,f/ cyfMurf;Murf;puúLwpf&u G af y:rSm Pen wpfacsmif;eJY tyfaMumif;xyfaewJh pmom;awGukd owfrSwf csufr&Sd csa&;cJhw,f/ ajrBuD;eJY aumif;uifu tvSrf;uGmvGef;ayr,fh uRefawmfqkdwJh ajr BuD;u aumif;uifqw dk hJ pma&;jcif;b0ukd cH,cl sif cJw h ,f/ ajrBuD;eJYaumif;uifu urÇmwnfaeoa&GU uRef awmfph w d &f UJ rsKo d yd cf &hJ wmawGukd pmrsuEf mS xufrmS xyfum xyfum wifomG ;jzpfr,fqw dk m/ rkd;ukyfpuf0kdif;BuD;ukd Munhfvkduf&if aumif; uifBuD;u ajrBuD;eJY xdawGUaeovkdygyJ/ Mu,f p if ( enf ; ynmaumvd y f ) &,f ^ pmcspf o l - 4579
\
q
C ef
;
o
pf
p
pm
Ek
,
Of
q
ef
C
;
o
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678
&moDopftwGuf tdyrf ufaw;oGm;
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 168
vGrf;vkdufwm/ tarSmifxku odyfonf;vGef; w,f/ 'Dvv dk rG ;f &wJh nrsK;d tdyf rf ufyJ jzpfyg&ap awmh/ jywif ; wH c g;u ai;Munh f v k d u f a wmh [k d ; cyf a0;a0;qDu rIefysysav;u uRefr&JU NrKdUuav;rsm; vm;/ NrKdUuav;&,f/ uRefr&JU NrKdUuav;ukd vGrf; vkdufwm/ 'Dvkd nrsKd;twGuf 'Pf&mawG arhzl;csif w,f/ cs,f&Dyef;yif? xif;½SL;&eHYawGeJY NrKdUav;aysmf &Tiyf gap/ csr;f at;wJh &moDrsK;d rSm jrLck;d awG &pfqidk ;f NyD; ESif;aiGUawG a0aewJh NrKdUav;&JU &ifcGifaEG;qD b,ftcsed f jyefcv dk cHI iG &hf rvJ rodEidk cf b hJ ;l av/ nae&D eifEh w I cf rf;zsm;awGu 0if0h gvGe;f yg&JU b,fvadk w;oD;csi;f awGeYJ avajyukd aoG;EGUJ apchw J mvJ wkw Yd pfawG vGr;f ae&Ny/D NrKUd uav;&,f.. NrKUd uav;ukd pwifccJG mG cJo h l u uRefr jzpfayr,fh ae&mopfrSm tom;rusEkdif ao;ygbl;/ taqmifyidk &f iS &f UJ ae&mwum jrnfweG f awmufw;D rIawG&,f? ckwifwpfv;kH &JU usyo f yfraI wG &,f? rif;om;? rif;orD;? zuf&SiftvSty? t0wf tpm;? twif;pum;awGeJY xkHrTefaewJh tcef;azmf awG&,f.. b,fvkdrS tom;rusEkdifcJhygbl;/ ncif;wkifd ;f usyo f yfaewJh bwfpum;ay: u py,f,m&JU atmf[pfoH? yifyef;EGrf;zwfaewJh vl awG&UJ n§K;d rsuEf mS awGtm;vk;H [m realism 0w¦Kwpfy'k f zwfae&ovkyd gyJ/ tvkyx f rJ mS wpfaeukeOf ;D aESmuf awGylNyD; ncif;wkdif; 'DvkdusyfoyfaewJh um;ukdwkd; pD;NyD;csdefqkd vlrSm tiftm;awG r&SdawmhovkdygyJ NrKdUuav;&,f/ computer cvkwfawG? pm&if;Z,m; awGeJY tjrJwkyfaESmifcHxm;&wJh 'Dvkd oHacs;wuf
acguf½kd;usKd;aeYawG b0rSm aemufwpfcg jyefr& rSm aocsmcsiw f ,f/ NrKUd uav;a&.. aumif;wJ[ h mawG vky&f wm vG,fr,fqkd&if bk&m;&Sdckd;ausmif;uav;awG[m bk&m;&Sdckd;ausmif;BuD;awG jzpfNyD; vlrGJawG&JU wJ uav;rsm;[mvnf; eef;awmfBuD;rsm; jzpfukefwm MumNyDvkdY &SdwfpyD;,m;u ajymzl;w,f/ NrKdUuav; &,f.. wwfEkdif&if ,kHMunfcsufwpfcktwGuf tdyf rufawGudk ESv;Hk om;eJY avmif;aMu; xyfcsiyf gw,f/ wu,fawmh naecif;awGqkdwmvnf; av; jzL&JU oDcsif;wpfacGeJY uAsmpmtkyfawGom r&Sd&if aeaysmzf Ydk awmfawmfcufvrd rhf ,f/ (21)ESpw f mt wGi;f tdyfrufawG b0rSm b,favmufrsm; tcsKd; usus yGiv hf ef;cJzh ;l vkv Yd /J wpfcgwpf&H yGcJ if;wpfck tv,fu xG u f a yguf r J h rG e f ; usyf r I r sKd ; eJ Y ( uH M ur® m )u &ufpufwwfao;w,f/ nae&D eifu.. vGrf;[ef rjy&ifvnf; owd&qJryYdk g/ eif&h ifciG af tmuf igwkaYd wmufyavmifuRr;f tjyma&mifawmwef;av; jzpfczhJ ;l w,f/ NrKUd uav;a&.. pum;ryDwhJ tvky&f iS &f UJ 0,f xm;wJhtdrf aiGacszkdYtwGuf odef;aygif;rsm;pGmukd jcif;awmif;xJ xnhfqGJNyD; vkdufcJh&wJh oli,fcsif;ukd vGrf;vkdufwm/ t&rf;cHpm;cJh&wJholYukd uRefr pmem wwfygNy/D uAsmpmtkyaf v;xkwzf Ydk vk;H yrf;aewJh ol i,fcsi;f ? vli,fpum;0kid ;f av;awG vkyzf Ydk 0goemyg wJh oli,fcsi;f tm;vk;H ..tm;vk;H ukd vGr;f w,f/ jzpf Ekid &f if 0ef;usiu f eH&aH wG NyKt d ufomG ;wJt h xdayguf uGyJ pfcsiw f ,f/ a0ai;raeygeJY nae&D&,f 'g[m yifo h ufa
q
C ef
;
o
pf
p
pm
Ek
,
Of
q
ef
C;
o
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890
eifcsex f m;&pfcrhJ mS xuf qnf;qmurf;pyfu tvif;½Iu d o f MH um;&if igh ysHoef;azmf tvif;pufawG ysuaf
wpfb0pm avmifuRr;f MurSmvm;.. pOf;pm; c&D;u a0;vGef;NyD; acR;odyfajzp&mu &Sm;yg; vGe;f awmh ausmbufqD(taemufbuf) jyefrqefaMu; aygh/ a&ylwpfcu G &f &dS if aomufvu dk yf g/ tdyfrufppfppfawGMum; arS;pufae&wm aumif;ygw,f/ NrKdUuav;a&... uRefr&JUtdyfrufawG a0 qmqmyGiv hf ef;Ekid w f ahJ eY NrKUd uav;&JU&ifciG t f a&muf jyefcJhr,f/ cg;oD;rGef;usyfvGef;wJh aeYawGukd arhvkdY av/ uRerf &JUtdyrf ufawGtwGuf arQmv f ifjh cif;awG u tiftm;tjzpf &SifoefvkdYaygh/ pk j rwf E k d ; i,f ( vG i f j yif j zL) &,f ^ pmcspf o l - 2103
\
q
C ef
;
o
pf
p
pm
Ek
,
Of
q
ef
C;
o
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890
arhr&wJhq,fckESpf
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 170
ajymif;vJjcif;wJ/h tif;... 'Doabmw&m;ukd tajz&SmwwfEkdifzkdY odyfrBuKd;pm;vkduf&ygbl;/ yef; av;awG ajymif;vJw,f/ tjrJpdrf;ygw,fqkdwJh opf yifBu;D awG ajymif;vJw,f/ ½ky0f w¦Kw&m;?cE¨mw&m;? emrfw&m;? tm;vkH;rvGJraoG ajymif;vJaecsdefrSm uRefrtay: oufa&mufvmr,fh vlawG&JU ajymif; vJjcif;ukd tHhMoawGa0EkdifzkdY&m vkH;0 rwwfEkdifcJhyg bl;/ jrpfawG[m rm,mrsm;Ny;D aumufauGUw,f wJ?h trSefqkd olwkdYowfrSwfcsufawG vGJrSm;aewm yg/ vlawGu ykdNyD; rm,mrsm;w,f? aumufauGUwJh oabm&Sw d ,f/ jrpfw&Ydk UJ aumufauGUjcif;[m jzLpif ygw,fqw dk hJ vlawG&UJ rm,mrsm;jcif;eJ, Y OS &f iftrsm; BuD; aemufaumufus t½IH;ay;oGm;&rSmyg/ ajzodrrhf q I w dk m odyu f dk cg;oD;rSe;f olçrodcahJ v ovm;/ wu,fawmh t&m&mukd jynfhpkHcJh&muae 0w¦Kqefqef usqkH;jcif;okdY a&mufcJh&NyDqkdwmukd od vkduf&csdefrSm uRefr aemufusoGm;cJh&ygNyD/ uHqkd;r oGm;&m rkd;vkdufvkdY &Gmqkdovkd pdwful;,Ofcsifp&m tem*wfvv S aS wG[m rk;d a&xJ arsmygvkYd oGm;cJ&h yg NyD/ w0kef;0kef;eJY pOfqufrysuf wkdufcwfaewJh av jyif;awGatmufrmS OD;wnf&mrJah vQmufomG ;aerd&if; rsuf&nfawG arsmygcJhzl;wm rsm;vSaygh/ tem;usKd;yJhuGJaMuaewJh yef;uefwpfcsyfvkd wefz;dk r&Sw d hJ uRerf vuftpk[ H m t&ifwek ;f uawmh &wempDjc,fvsuaf ygh/ 'gayr,fh tcktcsed rf mS awmh 'gawG[m ½kef;uef&r,fh reufjzefwkdY&JUt0ifqkd;wJh ADwmrifwpfcGufygyJ/ jzpforQukd rsufpdpkHrSdwfNyD; &if qkdifae&ayr,fh &ifxJu pdwf'Pf&mawGukdawmh rarhEkdifbJ nwkdif;rSm tjyif;pm;oHpOf wpfckvkd tawG;xJ 0ifa&mufaewmukad wmh cg;oufpmG eJY &if zGiBhf uKq d adk e&w,f/ 'gbmaMumifhvJ? bmtwGufvJ wu,fqkd ESpfq,fhwpfESpfqkdwJh touft&G,feJY aumifrav;
wpfa,muf[m 'Dvkd 'ku©oHo&m vnfaewmukd cH&rSmvm;/ aocsmwmuawmh uRefr[m vlawG rESpo f ufvnf; twif;pkad prJh rk;d a&awG r [kwb f ;l / pm&dwåysufpD;oGm;wJh vlwpfa,mufr[kwf bl;/ t&ifu a&Ta&miftyd rf ufawGudk arQmv f ifah e OD;r,fh cyfnn hH ahH umifrav;wpfa,mufr[kwb f ;l / vlawG twGuf ikdcsnf;pum;oHawG? oufjyif;armawGukd csrSwfay;rJholr[kwfbl;/ uRefr..tm;vkH; .tm; vkH;ukd wpfvSnfhpD MuHKawGUcJhzl;ygNyD/ ikd&,f.. jyHK; &,f..? aumif;&,f..qk;d &,f 'Gew f aJG ewhJ avmu Bu;D rSm ykaH otajzwpfcrk S r&Sw d m bmrsm;qef;vkYd vJ/ taumif ; qk H ; uawmh yuwd ½ k d ; om;wJ h tqif oP²mefeYJ arQmv f ifch sujf ynfh pdwt f pOfudk tjrefq;Hk EIe;f eJY &Guv f iT Nhf y;D reufjzefawGudk BuKq d cdk siyf gw,f/ tjzLpifq;Hk tjzLa&miftjyKH ;awGeYJ BuKq d rdk ,fh ola&m &Syd ghrvm;/ a[rmef E S i f ; ouf ( pD ; yG m ;a&;wuú o k d v f )
q
C ef
;
o
pf
p
pm
Ek
,
Of
q
ef
C;
o
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890
ysKd;cJhrdol&JU arQmfvifhcsuf aumif;uifjymNyD; aeomwJh reufcif;av; wpfcrk mS uReaf wmfwpfa,mufwnf;vrf;ovm;cJyh g w,f/ vrf;auGUav;wpfae&mrSm uReaf wmf yef;oD; wpfvkH;ukd cvkwfwkdufrdcJhw,f/ tJ'Dyef;oD;av;u awmfawmfav;vSw,fAs/ olY&JU vGefuJawmufywJh ta&miftaoG;awGeJY yef;oD;av;[m uRefawmfh&JU pdwu f dk vIy&f mS ;apcJw h mukad wmh 0efcyH gw,f/ 'gh tjyif uRef a wmf h & J U qE´ u k d y g EI d ; qG c J h j yef w ,f / b,f vkv d q J adk wmh ol&Y UJ pGrJ ufz, G yf o Hk P²mefu qmavmif rGwfodyfaewJh uRefawmfhukd pm;csifpzG,f jzpfvm atmifaygh/ uRefawmf vkdvm;pGmeJY ESpfESpfNcKdufNcKduf pm;okH;vkdufrdw,fav/ tJ'Dvkd csKdNrdefwJh t&omukd cHpm;&wkef;u 'DurÇmay:rSm uRefawmfhavmuf uHaumif;wJhol wpfa,mufrS r&SdEkdifbl;vkdYawmif xifvkdufrdao;w,f/ uRefawmf tJ'Dyef;oD;av;&JU taphav;ukd vTifhrypf&ufbJ odrf;xm;vkdufw,f/ aemufxyf &&SdvmOD;r,fh toD;awGrsm;pGm&JUtusKd; ukd arQmu f ;dk vkYd uReaf wmf&h UJ jc0H ef;rSm&Sw d hJ wpfcw k nf; aom vpfvyfae&mav;rSm tJ'rD sK;d aphudk w,kw,
yJ pdkufysKd;cJhrdw,fav/ tJ'DvkdeJY em&Daygif;rsm;jym; pGm ukefNyD;cJhcsdefrSmyJ uRefawmf pkdufysKd;cJhwJhrsKd;aph av;[m uRef awmf&h UJ uGuv f yfopfav; rSm tjrpf ukyfwG,fvkdY ae&m,laeygNyD/ puúefYwkdif;? rdepf wkid ;f ? em&Dwidk ;f rSm arQmv f ifch suaf wG ayGyY u kd &f if; aechJ&wm uRefawmfyg/ pdwful;xJu vSy0ifhxnf aewJhopfyif BuD;ukd arQmfukd;apmifhpm;&if; yDwdawG a0cJ&h wmvnf; uReaf wmfygyJ/ 'gayr,fh odyrf Mum wJh umva&mufawmh uReaf wmf pdwn f pfomG ;w,f/ xifrSwfrxm;wJh udpörkdY pdwfysufoGm;w,fqkd&if ykdrSefrvm;yJ/ wu,fh wu,f ay:aygufcJhwJh opfyif[m uReaf wmf xifxm;cJo h vkd vSvyS y? EkE&k &G G tyif r sKd ; r[k w f b J ql ; awG t xyf x yf e J Y &pfywfwwfwhJ ql;EG,rf sK;d 0if aMumufz, G o f pfyifrsK;d jzpfaecJhw,fav/ uRefawmf tJ'Dtyifukd z,f&Sm; ypfzkdY jyifvkdufw,f/ 'gayr,fh uRefawmf rwwfEkdif awmhygbl;/ ql;EG,af wGeYJ txyfxyf&pfywfaESmifzUJG xkd;azmuf tajcukyfrIukd cHxm;&wJh uRefawmfh&JU ajruGufav;[m emusifrIukd rcHpm;Ekdifbl;/ uRef awmf pdwv f u dk rf mefygeJY qGu J idk Ef w I yf pfav uReaf wmhf
\
bufuyJ emusif&avygyJ/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh wpfBudrf wpfcgrS tjcm;aomopfyif(,ck tyifrS vGJí) rpkdufysKd;cJhzl;wJh ajruGufav;ay:rSm olY&JUxkd; azmufrIu euf½Idif;vSw,fav/ uRefawmf rwwf Ekdifawmhygbl;/ pdwfavQmhvkdufNyD; olY&JU pkd;rkd;rif;rl rI'Pfudk Buw d rf w dS cf pH m;&if;eJyY J tJ'q D ;l yifrmS vSywJh yef;yGifhav;awGrsm;('grSr[kwf) wpfcsdefwkef;uvkd csKdNrdefzG,f toD;rsKd;ukdyJ oD;yGifhvmEkdifyghrvm;/ ra&&mwJh arQmf vifjh cif;awGeyYJ J ol&Y UJ a0,sm0pö jzpfwhJ aygif ; oif a &avmif ; rI jyKvk y f & if ; apmif h M unh f q
C ef
;
o
pf
p
pm
vmcJh&wm ,aeYtxdygyJav/ awmif;qkawG tcg cga>cae&if;eJyY J uReaf wmf tjcm;jcm;aom yef;rsK;d aph awGvnf; rpkduf ysKd;cJhrdawmhygbl;/ 'Dopfyifay:rSm xm;&SdqJ uRefawmfh&JU arQmfvifhcsufawG jynfh0vm Ekid yf ghrvm;Asm/ P.S (tJ'q D ;l yifav;ukd &pf0v J mwwfwv hJ yd jf ym rSeforQukd uRefawmf a'gowBuD; armif;xkwfcJhrd wmukad wmh uReaf wmf&h UJ pdwu f dk uReaf wmf em;rvnf Ekdifbl;/) atau(txuf r if ; vS ) Ek
,
Of
q
ef
C;
o
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890
uRefawmf&h UJ tEkynm'kid , f m&D
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 172
uRefawmf pmayyef;O,smOfBuD;twGif;ukd p wif0ifa&mufvmwJh tcsdefumvtm; twdtus rod&ayr,fh uav;b0 t&G,fav;uwnf;u pmaytEkynmukd jrwfE;dk wG,w f mcJ&h olwpfa,muf qkdwmukdawmh b,folrS rawmif;bJ tmrcHcsuf ay;vkdufyg&JU/ uRefawmf ckESpftenf;i,fukd cGpD;cJh pOfuwnf;u taz0,fay;xm;wJh upm;p&mawG eJY ar0,fauR;xm;wJh pm;p&mawGtMum; umwGef; pmtkyBf u;D vSeNf y;D t½kyMf unhf oabmawGUwwfol rkYd tazeJYtaru ]pm½l;av;}vkdYawmif cspfpEkd;eJY twdwfpdrf;awG ay;cJhwm enf;wJht&if;ESD;BuD;rSwf vkAYd sm/ 'DvkdeJY jyu©'defawGukd zsufpD;cJhwm uRefawmf zwfwwfp t&G,af &mufvYdk i,fi,fwek ;f u tusihf azsmufypfzrYdk vG,af wmhwmeJY uReaf wmf&h UJ pdw0f n d mOf tm;vkH;ukd pmtkyfawGMum;xJ jym;csyfoGm;atmif n§yfxm;cJhrdwm ]trSm;vm;? trSefvm;} ra0cGJwwf awmhayr,fh aocsmwmwpfckuawmh pmaytEk ynmtay: aoravmuf 0goemt½kd;pGJcJhawmh w,fqkdwmygyJ/ tJ'DtEkynmtwGuf uRefawmf b,favmufxd ½l;oGyfcJh&ovJqkd&if tarNrKdUoGm; wkdif; tpfukd? tpfrwkdYeJY trSmvTm qefYusifpGm om; axG;av; uRefawmfuawmh umwGef;*sme,fawG
uvGJNyD; wjcm;ypönf;awGrSmzkdY a0;vkdY pdwfawmif rul;olrkdY tarcrsm uRefawmfhtwGuf vkdtyfr,f xifwmawGudk uk, d t hf odeYJ uk, d 0f ,f,v l may;&wJh tqif&h ,fav/ wpfcgwavtarNrKUd uumwGe;f *sm e,fawG arhvmvku Yd awmh EIwcf rf;wk;H Bu;D awG tjyif plxGufNyD; xrif;wpfeyf rpm;bJ opfoD;awGcsnf; wG,fum qE´jy pdwfqkd;wwfwmrkdY aemufaemif umwGe;f *sme,fudk a,mifvaYdk wmif arhrxm; cJah wmh uReaf wmfh pmaya&m*gu &ifh usuo f xuf ykrd cdk idk rf m vmw,fqdk awmh 'g[m uReaf wmfph mayc&D;tpçyJvdYk qkdvkduf&if awmif b,folrS jiif;qefw&m;pGJvkdY r&bl;ayghcifAs/ uRefawmf[m pmaye,fxJ ajcruRHao;cif yef;csDtEkynmukd jrnf;prf;MunfhcJhzl;ol&,frkdY taz eJYtaruvnf; yef;csDtEkynm ca&ZDjzpfrItay: vkdufavsmjznfhpGuftm;ay;cJhMuygav&JU/ 'gayr,fh trSefw&m;ukdyJ 'DpmrsufESmay: ykHcsjy&r,fqkd&if aq;a&mifpkHtwGuf ukefusp&dwfrsm;vSwhJ 'Dyef;csD tEkynmukd tazeJt Y arhtm; oem;vSwmrkYd pGv J rf; rIrS &ifememeJY pGefYvTwfcJh&ol Zmwfvkdufausmf uRef awmf&,fayghcifAs/ tJ'gaMumifhvnf; yef;csD0goem tqifhuae umwGef;0goemtqifhukd wpfcsKd;av; ajymif;vkdufNyD; ]umwGef;t½Idif;av;}qkdwJh umwGef; uavmifeJY um;awG rwGef;bJ umwGef;awGqGJum
q
C ef
;
o
pf
p
pm
Ek
,
Of
q
ef
C;
o
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890
r*¾Zif;e,frSm ajc½Iyfvkdufygao;&JU/tJ..'gayr,fh umwGef;avmurSmvnf; rvkdtyfqkH; ]rif}okH;av; rsK;d awmh vkt d yfaeao;wmrkYd ykq H jJG cif; tajccHtqifh rSmyJ uk, d w hf &m;ukd uk, d pf &D ifNy;D tEkynmvufusef t& pmayvIdif;zufukd arsmufzkd;pdefykHpHeJY ckeful;NyD; ][def;aEG½Idif;(a&TuRef;ajr)} qkdwJh uavmifav;eJY pmayh½yk v f ;Hk ukd tyDjyifq;Hk rGe;f rHvaYdk yghav/'gaMumifh pmayhc&D;t& tpçydkif;uae pmtkyfawGukd w& Murf; zwf½w I mayghAsm/ Mumvmawmhvnf; ESpq f ,fah v;vk;H vk;H pm tkyf awGeJYcsnf; uçckefaecJhwJh uRefawmfhukd ]pmtkyf ukd eifv h nfyif;rSm BuK;d eJq Y x JG m;[J}h qkw d hJ tpfruwpf rsK;d ? ]rsuEf mS ay:aumfeu YJ yfxm;uG}qkw d hJ tpfuu dk wpfz?Hk ]bmrSrpm;bJ pmyJhpm;} qkdwJh taru wpf enf;? ]rifhukd pmavSmifwkdufxJ oGif;xm;ruG} qkdwJh tazuwpfoG,f? ]bmawGxl;ovJ? pmay½l;}qkdwJh a':av;uwpfcef;? ]b,fb00#fa
yv gu hrmq w }fd G d h k J a;v ODu ; wu pf@Y eJ w cD s uw u fd kf u v d cfk mu v Md fk
wmrsm; uRef a wmf h c rsm pum;tk d ; xJ u vlom;csOfzwfuav; jzpfcJh&yga&mvm;/ tJ'Dvkd wpf0uf xufjcrf; ty,fcv H o l m;b0eYJ tEkynmukd cspfcJhwm ZGwfwrifavvGifhtawG;rsKd;eJY r[kwfbJ wpfcsed cf sed rf mS uReaf wmfcspw f hJ tEkynm&JU wefz;dk ukd olwYdk em;vnfMuwefaumif;yg&JUavvkYd arQmv f ifjh cif; td y f r uf a wG zl ; yG i f h r d v k d Y y gcif A sm/ 'D v k d e J Y a&wpfpufu,frQ ra&mxm;wJh 0goemtppftrSef eJY pmaye,fxJ ajccscahJ yr,fh c&D;tpykid ;f rSmawmh pmay[m uReaf wmfu h dk vlrxifovkv d edk JY tawmfyif pdrf;um;cJhwmrkdY txl;yif onf;cH&if;ESD;rI &,lcJh& w,f qkdygawmhAsm&,f/ 'gayr,fh uRefawmf pmay tEkynmukd zufwG,fcJhwm tusKd;rJhyk*¾vdu tvkd &r®urf sm;aMumifh r[kwb f J urÇmph mcspo f w l t Ydk wGuf tjzL a&mifpmayukd &oeJx Y q k pf&if; avmuBu;D ukd wwfEkdiforQ tvSqifoGm;csifwJh qE´w&m;&,f aMumifyh gav/ tJ... tckawmh bm&,fvkdY r[kwfbJ uRef awmfh&ifbwfBuD;xJ xm0&udef;atmifaewJh a[m 'D'kdif,m&Dav;wpfyk'fukd pmcspfolwkdY odatmif qGJ xkwfjyvkdufEkdifw,fqkd&ifyJ uRefawmfh&ifxJrSm aygh oGm;NyDqkdwm cPav;jzpfjzpf ,kHMunfvkdufprf;yg vSnAhf sm/ [d e f ; aEG ½ I d i f ; (a&T u Ref ; pk a jr) &,f ^ pmcspf o l - 2911
\
0rf;enf;rSwfwrf; ykord af xG;ausmf (1947-2003)
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 174
trnf&if;- OD;nGev Yf idI .f .. {&m0wDwidk ;f ? ykord Nf rKUd ?i0HuRe;f omuGuo f pfae(OD;armifoed ;f )+(a':Munf) wk\ Yd om;Bu;D / a':aemfx;l (tvky½f cHk rJG LS ;? trsK;d tpm; ppfaq;a&;ESi?hf okaw oeXme? ppfawmif;puúLpuf)\ cifyeG ;f jzpfol OD;nGev Yf idI (f ykord af xG;ausm)f onf 11-8-2003 aeYwiG f uG,v f eG cf yhJ gonf/'kAv dk cf ifjzLZif?r&ifNird ;f at;? rvif;vif;a0vIid .f . orD;ok;H OD; use&f pfcyhJ gonf/ q&mykord af xG;ausmf onf aomif;ajymif;axGvm&,fp&mr*¾Zif;wGif yg0ifa&;om;cJhaom yif wkdif pma&;q&mwpfOD; jzpfygonf/ q&mykodrfaxG;ausmf uG,fvGefoGm; onft h wGuf aomif;ajymif;axGvm&,fp&mr*¾Zif;rS txl;yif aMuuG0J rf; enf;&ygaMumif; rSww f rf;wif azmfjytyfygonf/ t,f'w D mtzGUJ
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 "m;Bud r f ; 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 (1) 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 "mwf&iS b f idk pf ukww f hJ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 tbGm;vufwif;wif;qkyNf y;D 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 ckwidk jf rifa,mif 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 vltyk Bf u;D wk;d a0SY 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 &ifcek cf &hJ ESprf sm;pGm/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 wpfrwfwef;(25 jym;)wef;a&SU 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 (4) 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 Munhcf zhJ ;l wmrarh/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 toufig;q,fih g;ausmf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 (2) 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 uReaf wmfpv JG rf;qJ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 wkejf cif;rIejf cif;onf;cHyg 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 armifBu;D od&if"m;ukq d JG 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 toHww d pf mwef;xk;d 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 wpftm;ukd vTv J cYdk w k v f u dk rf ,f/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 xyfc;dk ay:uwD;0kid ;f eJY 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 (5) 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 rsu&f nf0idk ;f chzJ ;l w,f/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 tefwaD ':jrifjh rifch ifçcifAsm; 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 (3) 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 uReaf wmftm; aus;Zl;jyKí 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 eHo Y meDawmif? vlxak tmifoH 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 "m;çacwåavmuf urf;vku d yf g/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 Akv d af tmif'ifç cspyf ef;oZif 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 yk o d r f a xG ; ausmf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 (ruG,fvGefrDu aemufqkH; ay;ykdYcJhaom uAsmtm; azmfjytyfygonf/) 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012
0rf;enf;rSwfwrf; yef;csu D Ndk rK;d (1957-2003) tzOD;
\
ykodrfaxG;ausmf
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 176
jrpfapmifhewfonf wwd, opfckwform;ESifhtwl oD;oefY tcef;wGiaf e&m,lvu dk Mf uonf/ jrpfapmifhewfonf oD;oefYcef; wGif;okdY vSnfhywfMunfh½Ivkduf onf/ eH&Hay:rS aMumfjimwpfck onf jrpfapmifhewf\ rsufpdESpf vkH;ukd oHvkduftdrfajr§mifjzifh qGJ xm;ovkd eH&Hay:rS rcGmawmh/ opfckwform; txmayguf\/ ewf rif;Munhaf eonfrmS tjcm; r[kw?f ?vef'ef&rft&ufaMumfjim/ tm;...½kdU..½kd;? ewfrif;onf pdwx f rJ S a&&Gwv f u dk rf o d nfvm;? EIwfrS xGufusoGm;onfvm;? owdrxm;rdawmh/ avmavm q,fowdxm;rdonfrmS aMumfjim *Jvu f av;uko d m/ jrpfapmifeh wf onf opfckwform; owday; awmhrS ewf£ajE´ukd twif; u aomuarsm qnfvkduf&onf/ aMomf... aMumfjim*Jvaf v;&,f? vif;ceJ? 0if;ceJ? &Si;f ceJ? wif;ceJ? [if;..[if;.. jAif;vkdufcsifrd awmhw,f/ (vef'ef&,f)uG,f/ tvkd 'Dbufu bmwJhwkef; ol
uav;uvnf;rac? jrefrm&rfqdk ygvm;/ aMumfjim*Jvfuav;u wa,mxk;d aeonfyh /Hk wa,mbk;d wHwGif olrpdwf0ifpm;aevkdYvm; rod/ olr\ cE¨mukd,f½IdufBuD;zkd i,ftoG,foG,fukd arhoGm;ykH& onf/ ewfrif;onf xkdif&mrSx um aMumfjimykdpwmrsm;ukd oGm; í ukdifMunhfvkdufrdonf/ El;nHh vkdufygbdawmhw,f/ (puúLom; uG,f)/ ypönf;awG aumif;r aumif;awmh rod/ aMumfjimawG uawmh tjywfaumif;? t[kwf aumif;? ezl;aMumrsm; axmifx vmonfhtxd tvGeYf tvGef aumif;/ 'Dacwfu aMumfjim acwf/ a&TqdkifaMumfjim? t0wf txnfaMumfjim? txl;ojzifh rdef;uav;tokH;taqmifaMumf jim? pm;p&m? aomufp&m? [kd w,f? rkdw,faMumfjim? 'PfaMu vdfrf;aq;aMumfjim? aq;rsKd;pkH aMumfjim? ponfponfjzifh/ jrpf apmifeh wfonf pm;yGw J iG f jyefxidk f um ewfOD;xkyfukd pm;yGJay: wif vkduf&if; pum;ponf/ ]toif...opfckwform;? usKyf oifu h dk ewfaq;zefqif;ay;
r,f? aMumfjimudpöuawmh oifh wm0efyJ jzpfrvm;} ]pdwfcsyg t&Sifewfrif;? aMumfjimudpö tuREkfyf wm0ef,l ygw,f/ wHqdyfukd bmwHqdyfeJY rSwfykHwif&rSmvnf; t&Sifewf rif;} ]awaq;ukdawmh bifvm 'ifawaq;vkdY trnfay;r,f/ tywfukdawmh bifvm'ifwpf ykdif;ykHukd ukdajrZmqDrSm tyfuGm/ avaq;ukad wmh ukzd t D meef av aq;wHqdyfvkyf/ tywfykHukd aoaooyfoyf jzpfatmif ukd 0PÖBu;D qDrmS tyf?ewfrif;tyfcidk ;f wmvkYd aoaocsmcsmajymodvm; opfcw k o f rm;} jrpfapmifhewfonf ajym ajymqkdqkd &rfESpfyuf/ a&cJ? qkd'ga&mum wpfusKdufESpfusKduf jrHKU&if; 0ufaygifajcmufokH;av; zwfudk wljzifn h y§ , f jl rnf;vku d \ f / wwd,opfckwform;onf jrpf apmifhewfESifh rsufESmcsif;qkdifrS pum;quf\/ ]t&Sif jrpfapmifhewfrif; tuREyfk &f UJ oli,fcsi;f wpfa,muf? pufrIZk efrSm oabFmaq;puf½kH
wnfxm;w,f/ jynfwGif;aps; uGufrSmawmh ta&mif;tawmf av;vku d yf gw,f/jynfyaps;uGuf (Export) wifykdYzkdY tuREkfyfqDrSm tMuÓ H Pfawmif;aew,f/ ]bmaq;awG xkwfovJ? okwaf q;vm;? rIwaf q;vm;} ]avmavmq,fawmh okwf aq;bJ tm;jyKxw k af ew,f ewf rif;} ]okwfaq;? rIwfaq;wif r [kwfbl;? vdrf;aq;yg okawoe vkyNf y;D xkwzf Ydk tMuaH y;vku d ?f opf ckwform; 'grS(Export) aps;uGuf 0ifr,f} aq;qkdí jrpfapmifhewf onf vGefcJhonfh ESpfaygif;ESpf q,fausmfu tdrfokH;aq;(B.P.I ) ukd ajy;í owd&rdvkdufonf/ xkdtcsdefu x&mqmzm wpfvkH; onf ig;q,fjym;rQom ,ck (70d^-)? wufx&mqkdfufuvif; (Capsule)u jym;ckepfq,f? ,ck 30d^- usyf? bmrDwGef q,fjym; onf ,aeY wpfvkH; 5d^-usyf/ ewfrif; þokYd awG;rdonf/ zsm;&J &if zsm;Munh/f ]a&Tref;awmif? a&T jrifwifaq;eDreI &Yf w dS ,f} qkw d mukd om pdwfcs vufcs oHk;vQif jrefrmhwkdif;&if;aq;onf tdrfOD; cef;okdY rkcsrvGJ jyefvnfa&muf&Sd vmvdrfhrnf[k/ wwd,opfckwf orm;onf vufESpfvkH;cefYukd tukefarmhvkdufNyD; jrpfapmifh ewftm; aeYv,fpmpm;&ef aqmf Movku d o f nf/ ]t&Sifewfrif;? w½kwf[if;
vsmpm;rSmvm;? jrefrmtpm; tpm pm;rSmvm;} ]jrefrmewfyJuG? jrefrm tpm;tpmyJ? pm;rSmaygh} ]bm[if;eJY pm;rSmvJ} ]jrpfxJu vmwJhewf qkd awmh uke;f ay:u [if;wpfrsK;d rsK;d ukd rSmuGm/ ig;ydwkdYp&myg wpfyg wnf;ygatmifrmS a[h} wwd,opfckwform;onf qdwfuvDpmESpfyGJ? Muuftonf;
csmwdw}f ]ref ; ( RUN) u 1200d ^ qdwfuvDpmESpfyGJ 800d^-? Muuf tonf;tjrpfESpfyGJ 600d^-? 0uf (2)yGJ 600d^-? qk'd g 300d^-xrif; vku d yf aJG v;yGJ tygt0if 4000d^usygw,f q&m} wwd,opfckwform;onf wpfaxmifwefav;&Gufukd xkwf ay;vdkufonf/ jrpfapmifhfewfESifh
tjrpf ESpfyGJ? w½kwftrJ(0uf)ESpf yGEJ iS hf taMumftavSmcf sO&f nf[if; tpkHtvif cscdkif;onf/ rDepf av;q,fcefYMumaomf ewfrif; ESifh opfckwform;wkdYESpfOD; pm; aomufNy;D pD;oGm;\??opfcw k o f rm; onf oGm;Mum;wHxkd;&if; vSrf; atmfvu dk \ f / ]&Si;f r,fa[h.. &Si;f r,f} pm;yGJxkd; csmwdwf a&muf vmonf/ rDEl;uwfukd vufrSm ukid v f m\/ ]b,favmufusovJa[h
wwd,opfckwform;wkdY ESpfOD; pm;awmfqufqkdifxJrS xGufvm onf/ vrf;ay:okdY a&mufaom tcg jrpfapmifhewfonf ewfOD; xkyfukd jyifaqmif;&if; EIwfrS zG zGuav; a&&Gwv f u dk o f nf/ ]tif;.. jrefrmxrif;[if; wpfcgpm;wm? aiG 4000d^- us w,fqkdawmh ewfjynfukd {nhf onfvkyfNyD;jyefzkdY usKyftawmf pOf;pm;&OD;r,f/ yk o d r f a xG ; ausmf
\
aysm&f iT f & ,f
p
&m
pm
cspf ol rsm;
cspcf if aysmf &T$ i f aygif ; pnf ; aygif;pnf;rI
rI
tzGJU0ifrsm;pm&if; trSwf (99)? Ekd0ifwkdbm? 2003 eHygwf
trnf
6075/
armifatmifatmif
6076/
tdyfrufncsrf;(c)Dream
6077/
rarOD;ckdif
6078/ 6079/
rkd;0if;vIdif(c)rkd;csKd ausmfrkd;cuf(c)cspfbl;qkd
6080/
rprf;rkdYrkdY
6081/
oefYpifOD;(c)oQm;nKd
6082/
raruAsm
6083/ 6084/
ukdxG#fatmifausmf 0kdif,l
6085/
zl;zl;
6086/
tm½kHOD;
ae&yfvdyfpm wpfqifh-OD;at;armif+a':xm;? tdrftrSwf(493)? 23vrf;? blwmawmif&yfuGuf? jzL;NrKdU? yJcl;wkdif;/ wpf q if h - xl ; jrwf a rmf ? atmif r *F v m(6)vrf ; ? vSnf;ul;NrKdU? &efukefwkdif;/ trSwf(42)? AkdvfcsKyfvrf;? vrf;rBuD;&yf? ok"r®pm&D? atmif "r®&dyfomausmif;a&SU? rk'kHNrKdU/ 187? ik0gvrf;? 6 xyf-,m? tvkHNrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ vufa&G;pifvufzuf&nfqkdifajrmufbuf? e,fajr(4)? atmifopömvrf;? oD&dr*Fvm&yfuGuf? rdw¦DvmNrKdU/ trS w f ( 9)? ywå j rm;vrf ; ? usKd u ú q H & yf u G u f ? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ wpfqifh-OD;aomif;jrifh+a':pef;pef;a0? csnfxnfacsm? ckdifa&T0gvrf;? pHjy&yfuGuf(T.I.C)? a&TawmifNrKdU/ trSwf(75)? raZösvrf;? c-&yfuGuf? ajrmufOuúvmy NrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ 14? yGJpm;vrf;? Munhfjrifwkdif? &efukefNrKdU/ NrKd U (1)? a[rmvrf ; ? atmuf u sif ; ? wrl ; NrKd U ? ppfukdif;wkdif;/ wpfqifh-OD;0if;jrifh+a':wl;? aps;wef;(5)? ZD0uvrf;? wrl;NrKdU? ppfukdif;wkdif;/ wpfqifh-OD;0if;jrifh+a':wl;? aps;wef;(5)? ZD0uvrf;? wrl;NrKdU? ppfukdif;wkdif;/
\
6087/
armifatmifaZmfOD;
6088/
rvSuGefZm(c)tMuifem
6089/
rif;jrwfxufacgif
6090/
atmifNzKd;a0,H
6091/
arol&defoefY(c)a,meoH
6092/
a,mZifZif(c)ZifESif;a0
6093/ pkdif;crf;zl; 6094/ 0óefrkd;,Gef;(c)cifwG,fol
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 188
6095/ 6096/
armifcspfOD;armif armifbkdav;(c)[[
6097/ 6098/
eef;jrwfjrwfEkd; reDvma&T(c)rD;i,f
6099/
armifZifrif;OD;
6100/
bkdbkd(c)i,fZifaoG;
6101/
armifoufaqG
6102/
armifausmfrif;OD;
wpfqifh-OD;oef;cspf+a':oef;oef;a&T? jrpfom&yf? aps;csKd aus;&Gm? tif;0NrKdU? wHwm;OD;NrKdU? rEÅav;wkdif;/ pkdufysKd;a&;ESifh 0,f,la&;Xme? om,m0wD*kefavQmfZkef? om,m0wDNrKdU/ wdrfvTmtdwfcsdef;teD;? 4 &yfuGuf? blwmvrf;? uavmNrKdU? &Srf;jynfe,fawmifykdif;/ wdrfvTmatmfwkdtdwfcsdef;? 4 &yfuGuf? blwmvrf;? uavm NrKdU? &Srf;jynfe,fawmifykdif;/ wpfqifh-ukdrsKd;(aps;csKdpmwkduf)? em&DpifteD;? 26 vrf;? (83_84) vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;NrKdU/ wpfqifh-ukdrsKd;(aps;csKdpmwkduf)? em&DpifteD;? 26 vrf;? (83_84) vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;NrKdU/ w.r.c(22)? bm;tHNrKdU? u&ifjynfe,f/ wpfqifh-OD;pdefarmif+a':zGm;odef;? ausmuf&if;&Gm? awmif omNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;wdkif;/ p.u.c(12)? aumhu&dwfNrKdU? u&ifjynfe,f/ c^76? jynfom,mvrf;oG,f? Z^ajrmuf&yfuGuf? oCFef; uRef;NrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ 4^199? &yfuGuf(4)? uavmNrKdU? &Srf;jynfe,fawmifykdif;/ wpfqifh-OD;pHomarmif(y-wef;"mwfcGJrSL;)? uRrf;usifol aetdrfESpfcef;? aAm"dvrf;? jrwnf;ckdcef;teD;? aq;½kHvkdif;? aus;yifBuD;&yfuGuf? ppfawGNrKdU? &ckdifjynfe,f/ tqifhjrifhuGefysLwm? trSwf(248)? aps;vrf;? okH;q,fNrKdU? om,m0wDNrKUde,f? yJcl;wkdif;/ pufrIpGrf;tm;? tpkd;&enf;ynmaumvdyf(GTC)? vGKid af umf? u,m;jynfe,f/ trSwf(12)? umuG,fa&;ypönf;puf½kH? o&ufNrKdU? rauG; wkdif;/ a&TtdrfpHtyfcsKyfqkdif? Adr®mefa&SU? Akdvfrif;a&mif&yfuGuf? wyf ukef;NrKdUe,f? rEÅav;NrKdU/
6103/
va0;ae
6104/
armifukdukdatmif
6015/
rpkd;,karmf
6106/ 6107/ 6108/
rtdtdckdif(c)ttd armif0óefxGef; ukdaersKd;
trSwf(67)? 1 uGuf? ydawmufvrf;? tkwfusif;? ausmuf rJNrKdU? &Srf;jynfe,fajrmufykdif;/ trSwf(150)? 17 &yfuGuf? AkdvfAxl;vrf;? bkduav;NrKdU? {&m0wDwkdif;/ GTC ausmufqnf? a':wkEkMunftaqmif? at;jrMunf vif&yfuGuf? ausmufqnfNrKdU/ 2 B Teach IT ausmufqnf GTC rEÅav;wkdif;/ atmifqef;&yf? 6 vrf;? ta&SUxdyf? a&OD;NrKdU? ppfudkif;wkdif;/ # 04-03, (BLK-8). Kian teck AVE, Kian teck APT, Singapore(628911)
6109/ 6110/ 6111/ 6112/
rcifjrwfjrwfrsKd; rat;jrwfrGef(2C-2) ri,fi,fatmif(a&ToJyGifh)
usKdux f pdk mwku d ?f at;&dyNf idrt f a&SU? (21)vrf;? usKdux f Ndk rKdU/ 'kwd,ESpf(Civil) G.T.I ppfukdif;NrKdU/ csyfoif;(NrKdUr&yf)? uefYbvlNrKdUe,f? ppfukdif;wkdif;/
Mr. SAI ZAW MIN LATT
HOND TAT INDUSTRIES SDN BHD, LOT 3186 EMR 8566 73/4 KAMPONG PEREPAT OFF JALAN KAPAR 42200, KLANG SELANGOR.
6113/
rrkd;ajrpdk;
6114/ 6115/
ykdifaeOD;(c)PEACE atmifausmfjrifh(c)
trSwf *^108? wpfqifh- 5 vTm? okr*Fvmvrf;? Zajrmuf &yfuGuf? tkdvHypfwm0g(III)teD;? oCFef;uRef;NrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ 16^124? pHjywkdufwef;tdrf&m? jrif;jcHNrKdU? rEÅav;wkdif;/ Restoran. Yuen Hoor, Al 114. JALAN Besar Kanpung Basu, Sungi Buloh, 47000, Selangon, Darol Ehsan, MALAYSIA.
6116/
eef;oZif
6117/
rxuftdEG,f
6118/
a,mom;av;(c)#DygaZmf
6119/ rat;od*Ð0if;(c)rD;i,fav;
wpfqifh-OD;cifnGefY+a':eef;EkEk? NrKdUv,f&yf? e,fajr(8)? a&OD;ausmif;teD;? oDaygNrKdU? &Srf;jynfe,fajrmufykdif;/ wpfqifh-OD;at;oG,f+a':0if;rm? trSwf(134)? ckdifa&T0g vrf;? aygufacsmif;(1)? rdw¦DvmNrKdU/ 0if;&wemaw;oHoGif;? trSwf(2)? ausmufxk? apmNrKdUe,f? rauG;wkdif;/ oD&Nd rKdit f rsKd;orD;aqmif? Aef;armfwu dk v f rf;? aAm"duek ;f &yf? rEÅav;/
\
6120/ 6121/ 6122/
vkH;vkH; racsmpk armif&Jausmfxuf
6123/ jrwfrif;av;(c)om;i,fav; 6124/ armifa0,Hrif;armif(c)a0,H 6125/ t&Sif0go 6126/
aao]ymmifif:: axGvm 190
6127/
armifjynfhNzKd;ausmf(c) NzKd;av; yy(c)rm&DvuFm
6128/
Blue Violent
6129/ 6130/ 6131/ 6132/ 6133/
are,kefcsKd r,Of,OfxGef; armifarmif0if; armifcspfNzKd; aumifav;
6134/
yef;EG,feD(c)CMNTL
6135/ 6136/
aumifpkwfav; oufaZmfNzKd;(c) om;c*¾gaZmf
6137/ 6138/ 6139/
armif0if;aZmfckdif 0PÖ0if;(c)Heaven rqkoufESif;
aqmufvkyfa&;½kH;0ef;? wrl;NrKdU/ aqmufvkyfa&;½kH;0ef;? wrl;NrKdU/ 27_28 ESifh 29 vrf;Mum;? wkduftrSwf(9)? tcef;(A-5)? jrefrmhrD;&xm;wkdufwef;? rEÅav;NrKdU/ trSwf(44)? tkd;bkdwef;vrf;? ykodrfNrKdU? {&m0wDwkdif;/ ½kH 1A? 25^26? aps;BuD;twGif;? armfvNrKdifNrKdU/ r[m0dok'¨g½kHwkdufopf? oHawmfqifhausmif;? r[matmif ajr? rEÅav;NrKdU/ trSwf(12^u)? r&rf;csKdvrf;/ ywå j rm;(trsKd ; orD ; aqmif ) ? a&T p m&H b k & m;vrf ; ? tkef;acsm&Gm? ykodrfBuD;NrKdUe,f? rEÅav;wkdif;/ trSwf(36)? 5 vTm(,m)? tif;0vrf;? ausmufajrmif;BuD; &yfuGuf? wmarGNrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ trSwf(44-B)? jynfvrf;? 6 rkdifcGJ? vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ bkduúm;aus;&Gm? usKdufxkdNrKdUe,f? rGefjynfe,f/ 3^210? a0[ifvrf;? ajrmufOuúvmyNrKdUe,f? a0bm*DNrKdU/ tcef;(20)? wkduf(51)? usefppfom;tdrf&m? vIdifom,m/ trSwf(1428)? taemufNrKdUywf(2)vrf;? oa&acwå&m NrKdUopf? jynfNrKdU/ trSwf 20^3? rvdctdrf&m? oDwm&yfuGuf? jrpfBuD;em;NrKdU? ucsifjynfe,f/ trSwf(1428)? NrKdUywf(2)vrf;? NrKdUopfjynfNrKdU? yJcl;wkdif;/ jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;bPf(½kH;csKyf)? pDrHcefYcGJa&;Xme? 1^19? ql; avbk&m;vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ jrefrmhpkdufysKd;a&;vkyfief;? usKdufxkdNrKdUe,f½kH;?rGefjynfe,f/ 2nd MB, Institue Medicine of Magway
e0a';&yfuGuf? awmifpGef;pmwkdufteD;? bD;vif;? rGefjynfe,f/
6140/
armifaZ,smvGif
BLK 241, BUKIT BATOK EAST. AVE 5, 04 # 285- 650241 Singapore.
6141/
armif0if;odef;(c)&J&ifhOD;
6142/ 6143/
oMuFefukd ra[rmatmif
6144/
aESmifBuKd;i,fi,f
6145/
at;oEÅm0if;
6146/
armif0okefajr
6147/
armifatmifaZmfxuf
6148/
armiftHhzG,fatmif
6149/
aronf;rGuf
6150/
EG,fOD;
6151/
oQifoif;EG,f
6152/ armifausmfrif;xGef;(c)ausmrif; 6153/ jrESif;&D(c)ESif;vJhausmf 6154/ xufxuf 6155/ OL;omoe(c)aevGef
trSwf(1) ref;usnf;yifpk&yf? Am;*sD;eD;,m;aq;aygif;½kH taemufbuf? jrif;jcHNrKdU/ trSwf(129)? Akdvfukef;(18)&yfuGuf? NrKdUywfvrf;? yJcl;NrKdU/ wpfqifh- a':at;cif(SAT)? trSwf(2)? uefYbvlNrKdU? ppfukdif;wkdif;/ trSwf(1365)? oHokrmvrf;? (13)&yfuGuf? awmifOuúvmyNrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ wpfqifh- cGJuu0if;aX;+a':rkdifcif? w-c-&(bk&ifaemifh wyfNrKdU)? oHawmifBuD;? u&ifjynfe,f/ ]aumif;uifjym}? CD-VCD tacGiSm;qkdif? ZD0uvrf;? wrl;NrKdU/ 0g;wlpuf½kH(ausmufzl;)? OoQpfyifNrKdU? yef;awmif;NrKdUe,f? yJcl;wkdif;/ c-10(188)? oabF m qd y f v rf ; ? cG e f o m&yf u G u f ? Aef;armfNrKdU? ucsifjynfe,f/ c-11(188)? oabFmqdyv f rf;? cGeo f m&yfuu G ?f Aef;armfNrKdU? ucsifjynfe,f/ wuu^p&-jrifatmif+a':0if;jrifh? c.r.&(103)? awmif wGif;BuD;NrKdU/ OD;wifat;+a':usifaxG;? tkef;awm(1)? olZm"mwfykHwkduf vrf;Mum;? awmifwGif;BuD;NrKdU/ pmwkdufa[mif;vrf;? jynfNrKUd? yJcl;wkdif;/ u'Jaus;&Gm? uRef;pkNrKdUe,f? weoFm&Dwkdif;/ qwfoGm;(5)? awmifwGif;BuD;NrKdU? rauG;wkdif;/ OL;omoe r[m0dok'¨g½kHwkdufopf? olaX;wef;ausmif;? ra[matmifajrNrKdUe,f? 36vrf;? 87_88 vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;NrKdU/ aemufvqufvufazmfjyygrnf/
\
Related Documents
More Documents from "Admir Velic"