Winc

N ntt Neettw woorrkk ffoorr D Deem mooccrraaccyy aan ndd D Deevveellooppm meen D Dooccu um meen nttaattiioon n aan ndd R Reesseeaarrcch hD Deeppaarrttm meen ntt PO Box 179, Mae Sot 63110, Thailand. Tel + 66 1 7241281, E-mail: [email protected]

t tyygw gwfpfpOOf f jyjyn nfw fwGiGif;f;o ow wiif;f; o okH;kH;o oyyfcfcsu suf f t trrSw SwfpfpOOf f ((334433)) “=uyfajy; eef;wGif;t&_wfawmfyHk trSwf(8)” AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$[m EdkifiHawmftm%mtm;vHk; ol@vufxJudk pwifa&muf&dSvmwJhae@up+yD; AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; apmarmif vufxufu a&;qGJcsrSwfcJhwJh rl0g'awGeJ@ uwdu0wfawGtay: wm0efrcHawmhbJ ol@pdwf}udKuf jyifqifajymif; vJr_awG jyKvkyfcJhygw,f? ol@udk vrf;azgufwHwm;aqmuf vkyfief;awGrSm ab;z,fxm;cJh+yD; AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; apmarmifeJ@ AdkvfcsKyfcif!Gef@wdk@ OD;aqmifa&;qGJcJhwJh rl0g'(ay:vpD)awGrdk@ ol@taeeJ@ vufvnf;rcHEdkifbl;/ wm0efvnf; r,lbl;qdkwJh oabm jzpfygw,f? AdkvfcsKyf}uD;oef;a&$[m umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf&mxl;eJ@ e0wOuUX jzpfrvmcifuwnf;u 1990 taxGaxGa&G; aumufyGJrSmtEdkif&cJhwJh trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfudk tm%mv$Jay;zdk@ta&;udk jyif;jyif;xefxef qef@usifuef@uGufcJhol jzpfygw,f? a&G;aumufyGJtEdkif& NLD ygwD acgif;aqmifwcsdK@xHu “ppfwyfudk jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;vkyf&r,f/ AdkvfrSL;}uD;eJ@ txuf wyfrawmft&m&dStm;vHk;udk z,f&Sm;ypf&r,f/ ppf&mZ0wfr_awGudkusL;vGefcJhwJh xdyfydkif; ppfacgif;aqmifwcsdK@udk “EsL&ifbwf” vdk EdkifiHwumppfcHk&Hk;rSmwif+yD; ao'%fay;&r,f?” pwJh pum;oHawG[m AdkvfcsKyf}uD;oef;a&$ acgif;aqmifwJh acgif;rm*dk%f;twGuf NLD ygwDudk tm%mv$Jray;zdk@ axmufjyp&mtuGufaumif;awG jzpfoGm;cJh&ygw,f? 'DudpPrSm e0wtwGif;a&;rSL;(1)vnf;jzpf ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;t}uD;tuJvnf;jzpfwJh AdkvfcsKyfcif!Gef@ udk,fwdkifu AdkvfcsKyf}uD;oef;a&$&J@ &yfwnfcsufudkaxmufcHcJh+yD;/ 1990 a&G;aumufyGJtEdkif& v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fawG&J@ wm0ef[m tpdk;&wpf&yfzGJ@pnf;xlaxmifzdk@r[kwfbJ zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'wpf&yf a&;qGJzdk@omjzpfw,fqdkwJh vrf;a=umif;udkajymif;vJ ypfzdk@ t}uHay;cJhygw,f? “EsL&ifbwf” ppfcHk&Hk;eJ@ Oyrmay;ajymqdkcJhwJh tzGJ@csKyf ,m,DOuUX OD;=unfarmifudkvnf; a'go w}uD;eJ@ jyif;jyif;xefxef acsyajymqdkcJhygw,f? AdkvfcsKyfrLS ;}uD;oef;a&$[m AdkvfcsKyfrLS ;}uD;apmarmifvufxufu a&;qGJcsrSwfcJhwJh EdkifiHa&;/ ppfa&;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ oHwrefa&; pwJh rl0g'awGtm;vHk;udk jyKjyifajymif;vJr_awG jyKvkyfcJh&mrSm ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya't& w&m;0ifjzpfvmatmif jyKvkyfa&;/ ppfwyfydkif tiftm;}uD;rm;wJh EdkifiHa&;tiftm;pkwpf&yf zGJ@pnf;xlaxmifa&;/ 1990 a&G;aumufyGJtEdkif& EdkifiHa&;ygwDawGudk wajz;ajz;aysmufuG,foGm;atmif pepfwus acsr_ef;ypfa&;/ ppftiftm;udk (5) ode;f txd wdk;jr‡ifhzGJ@pnf;a&;/ acwfrSD+yD; tiftm;awmifhwif;wJh wyfrawmfjzpfvmatmif wnfaqmufa&;/ tEkjrLvufeuf tygt0if zsufqD;r_pGrf;tm;jrifhrm;wJh acwfrSDvufeufawG xkwfvkyfwyfqifEdkifa&;/ typf&yftzGJ@awGudk vufeufjzKwf+yD; vufeufudkifwdkufyGJ0ifqJ olykeftzGJ@tpnf;awGudkawmh tjywfacsr_ef;ypfa&;/ EdkifiHwumqufqHa&;eJ@ oHwrefa&;u¾rSm w&kwf/ tdENd,/ tmqD,H pwJhEdkifiHawGeJ@ qufqHa&;wdk;jr‡ifh+yD; ukvor*~eJ@ taemufEdkifiHawGudkawmh Offensive Diplomacy Strategy ac: xdk;ppftoGifaqmifwJh oHwrefa&;r[mAsL[mwpf&yf csrSwfaqmif&Gufa&;/ pwJh jyKjyifajymif; vJr_awGudk jyKvkyfcJhygw,f? taemufEdkifiHawGeJ@ ukvor*~wdk@&J@ zdtm;ay;r_awGa=umifh w&kwfEdkifiHwpfckwnf;tay: vHk;0 rDScdk&yfwnfae&wm rsdK; rjzpf&atmif tdENd,EdkifiH tmqD,HEdkifiHawGeJ@ ydkrdkeD;uyfpGmyl;aygif;aqmif&GufEdkifrJh enf;vrf;awG&SmazGzdk@twGuf uu§ vSrf; ppfr[mAsL[mavhvma&;Xme Xme}uD;rSL; AdkvfrSL;}uD;ausmfoed f;eJ@ EdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;XmerS OD;at; (aemif =opaw; vsESifh uae'gEdkifiHqdkif&m jrefrmoHtrwf}uD;) wdk@udk oDoef@ wm0efay;tyfcJhygw,f? tdrfeD;csif; tdENd,tpdk;& tquf quf[m jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDtwdkuftcHawGbufu wav#mufvHk; &yfwnfay;cJhayrJh 1992 ckESpf tdENd,0ef}uD;csKyf &m*spf*END vkyf}uHowfjzwfcH&+yD;aemufydkif;upvdk@ rl0g'tajymif;tvJawG jzpfay:vmcJhygw,f? 'Dtajymif;tvJudk xdxda&muf a&muf toHk;csEdkifzdk@twGuf AdkvfrSL;csKyfausmfodef;eJ@ OD;at;wdk@ acgif;aqmifwJhtzGJ@ [m tdENd,EdkifiHudk csOf;uyfcJh&mrSm __________________________________________________________________ NDD Weekly Inside News Commentary – 343

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atmifjrifr_awG &&dScJhygw,f? tvm;wl xdkif;EdkifiHtygt0if tmqD,HEdkifiHawGudk csOf;uyfcJh&mrSmvnf; atmifjrifr_awG &&dScJh=uygw,f? wdkif;&if;om;vlrsdK;pk vufeufudkifawmfvSefa&;tzGJ@awGeJ@ywfouf+yD; AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;apmarmif vufxufu csrSwfxm;cJhwJh typftcwf&yfpJa&;rl0g'awGudk AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$eJ@ ol@&J@acgif;rm*dk%f;u jyifqifajymif;vJr_awG jyKvkyf cJh&mrSmawmh 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyf}uD; cif!Gef@eJ@ AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$/ 'kAdkvfcsKyfrLS ;}uD;armifat; wdk@t=um; oabmxm; uGJvGJr_awG t}uD;tus,f jzpfay:cJh=uygw,f? 1948 ckESpf jynfwGif;ppf}uD; pwifjzpfyGm;cJhwJhtcsdefup+yD; a&mifpHkvufeuf udkifolykeftzGJ@tpnf;awGudk tjyKwfwdkufvdk@r&cJhovdk/ tºuGif;rJhvufeufcszdk@ }udK;yrf;r_awGvnf; ratmifjrifcJhwma=umifh AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;apmarmifvufxufrSm vufeufcszdk@/ Oya'abmiftwGif;0ifa&mufzdk@/ qdkwJh wpfzufeJ@wpfzuf oHo,jzpf aprJhpum;awGudk wwfEdkifor#a&Smif+yD; a'ozGH@+zdK;r_awGudkvufwGJvkyfaqmif&if; ,Hk=unfr_wnfaqmuf=uzdk@/ aemufydkif;us rS EdkifiHa&;jy\emawGudk EdkifiHa&;t& awG@qHkaqG;aEG;tajz&Sm=uzdk@ rl0g'awG csrSwfcJha=umif; od&dS&ygw,f? AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;apmarmifvufxufrSm csrSwfcJhwJh e0w&J@ typftcwf&yfpJa&;qdkif&mrl0g'awGxJrSm e0w&J@ 'dk@wm 0efta&;(3)yg;udk oabmwlrwl ar;jref;zdk@/ oabmwl&if ESpfzuftypf&yf+yD; a'ozGH@+zdK;a&;vkyfief;awGrSm vufwGJaqmif &Guf=uzdk@/ ESpfzufvufeufudkifwyfawGtwGuf v_yf&Sm;e,fajrawG owfrSwfay;xm;+yD; wyfv_yf&Sm;r_awGudk wpfzufeJ@ wpfzuf Contact Point awGuwqifh !dSEd_if;vkyfaqmif=uzdk@/ wdkif;&if;om; vufeufudkiftzGJ@tpnf;awGudk pD;yGm;a&; vkyif ef;awG vGwfvGwfvyfvyf vkyu f dkifcGifhay;zdk@/ oabmxm;uGJvGJr_awGudk aemufydkif;rSm ay:aygufvmrJh 'Drdkua&pDt&yf om;tpdk;&vufxufrSm EdkifiHa&;t& aqG;aEG;ajz&Sif;=uzdk@ qdkwJhtcsufawG yg0ifcJhw,fvdk@ qdkygw,f? 'Drl0g'awGeJ@tnD AdkvfcsKyfcif!Gef@&J@ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;tzGJ@uOD;aqmif+yD; 1989 ckESpftwGif; AuyxHu cGJxGuf cJh=uwJh wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJ@awGudk csOf;uyfpnf;&Hk;cJh=uygw,f? AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; apmarmifvufxuf 1988 ckESpf uae 1992 ckESpftwGif; 'Drl0g'udkvufcH+yD; typftcwf&yfpJa&;jyKvkyfcJh=uwJh wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkif tzGJ@aygif; (9)zGJ@txd &dScJhygw,f? tJ'DtzGJ@awGuawmh udk;uef@tzGJ@/ 0tzGJ@/ Auy wyfr[m (768)eJ@ (815) ppfa'o &Srf;tcg wdkif;&if;om;tzGJ@/ SSA tzGJ@/ pckefwdef@,drf; acgif;aqmifwJh Auy(101)ppfa'o ucsiftrsdK;om;tzGJ@/ OD;rxkaemf acgif;aqmifwJh KIA wyfr[m(4) ucsiftrsdK;om;tzGJ@/ OD;atmifcrf;xD acgif;aqmifwJh PNO ytdk@0ftrsdK;om;tzGJ@csKyf/ OD;tdkufrkef; acgif;aqmifwJh yavmifwdkif;&if;om; PSLP tzGJ@eJ@ a*b,fvfysH OD;aqmifwJh KNG u,ef;trsdK;om;tzGJ@wdk@ jzpf=uygw,f? 'gayrJh 1992 ckESpf {+yDvaemufydkif; AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;apmarmifudk z,f&Sm;+yD; AdkvfcsKyf}uD;oef;a&$ tm%modrf; vdkufwJhtcsdefupvdk@ wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJ@tpnf;awGtm;vHk; tºuGif;rJhvufeufcsa&;/ vuf&dStajctaerSm vufeufrcsEdkifao;&ifawmif vufeufudkifvrf;pOfudkpGef@v$wf+yD; Oya'abmiftwGif;0ifa&mufygw,fqdkwJh uwdpum;udk &atmif,lxm;a&;/ qdkwJh rl0g'udk ajymif;vJusifhoHk;cJhygw,f? typf&yfonfjzpfap/ typfr&yfonfjzpfap/ &efol[m &efolyJ jzpfvdk@ tcktcsdefrSmrwdkufao;vnf; aemufwcsdefrSmwdkuf&rSmbJqdk+yD; AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$u ppfaumifpDtpnf;ta0; awGeJ@ ppf&Hk;csKyf&J@ (4)vywftpnf;ta0;awGrSm t+rJvdkvdk owday; xnfhoGif;ajymqdkavh&dSa=umif; od&dS&ygw,f? 'DudpPeJ@ywfouf+yD; typftcwf&yfpJa&;vkyfief;awGudk t"du wm0ef,lvkyfaqmifcJh&wJh AdkvfcsKyfcif!Gef@u tjyif;txefuef@uGufcJhayrJh oabmxm;wif;rmwJh AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$ bufu AdkvfcsKyfarmifat;eJ@ AdkvfcsKyf wifOD; wdk@tjyif ppfwdkif;rSL;trsm;pkuyg &yfwnfay;cJh=uwJhtwGuf AdkvfcsKyfcif!Gef@[m bmrSrwwfEdkifbJ AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$ &J@ trdef@twdkif; vdkufemvkyfaqmifcJh&w,fvdk@ qdkygw,f? AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$&J@ rl0g'opfatmufrSm 1993 ckESpfuae 1995 ckESpftwGif; typftcwf&yfpJzdk@oabmwlcJhwJh wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJ@ pkpkaygif;(6)zGJ@&dScJhwm awG@&ygw,f? tJ'DtzGJ@awGuawmh ucsiftrsdK;om;vGwfajrmufa&;tzGJ@ (KIO)/ u&ifeDvlrsdK;aygif;pHkvGwfajrmufa&;wyfOD; (uvvw)/ u,ef;trsdK;om;vGwfajrmufa&;ygwD (KNLP)/ &Srf;jynfvlrsdK;aygif;pHkvGwfajrmufa&;tzGJ@ (&vvz)/ u&ifeDtrsdK;om; wdk;wufa&;ygwD (KNPP)eJ@ rGefjynfopfygwD (NMSP) wdk@ jzpf=uygw,f? 'DtzGJ@awG[m umvwpfcktxd vufeufqufudkifxm;cGifh &&dScJh=uayrJh vufeufudkifvrf;pOfudk pGef@v$wf+yD; Oya' abmiftwGif;0ifa&mufzdk@ oabmwlygw,fqdkwJhuwdudkawmh ay;cJh=u&ygw,f? 'gayrJh ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;tzGJ@u yGifhyGifh vif;vif;csjy+yD;rS 'Duwdudk &,lcJhwmrsdK;r[kwfbJ rvdrf@wywfvkyf+yD; &,lcJhwmawGvnf; &dScJha=umif; awG@&ygw,f? 1995 ckESpf rwfvtwGif; e0weJ@ typftcwf&yfpJa&;oabmwlnDcJhwJh (KNPP) tzGJ@[m typf&yfpJwJh w&m;0iftcrf;tem; jyKvkyfwJhae@usrS “vufeufudkifvrf;pOfudkpGef@v$wf+yD; Oya'abmiftwGif;0ifa&mufvmaom u&ifeDtrsdK;om;wdk;wufa&; ygwDtm; }udKqdkyg.” qdkwJh ezl;pD;pmwef;}uD;awGudk jrifawG@&+yD; rausrvnf jzpfcJh=u&w,fvdk@ qdkygw,f? tJ'Dvdk raus rvnfjzpfcJh=u&muae e0weJ@ (KNPP)tzGJ@wdk@&J@ typf&yfoabmwlnDcsuf[m (3)vt=umrSm ysufjy,foGm;cJhwm awG@&ygw,f? __________________________________________________________________ NDD Weekly Inside News Commentary – 343

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AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$ acgif;aqmifwJh acgif;rm*dk%f;[m trsdK;om;jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;qENeJ@ typftcwf&yfpJa&; udk &nf&G,fjyKvkyfcJhwmr[kwfbJ/ olwdk@bufu ppfa&;/ EdkifiHa&;/ pD;yGm;a&; pwJh e,fy,ftoD;oD;rSm tiftm;awmifhwif; vmwJhtcsdeftxd tcsdKowf tcsdefqGJxm;zdk@twGuf typftcwf&yfpJa&;udk ,m,DjyKvkyfcJhwm xif&Sm;ygw,f? 'ga=umifh vnf; wajz;ajz; tiftm;awmifhvmwmeJ@tr# olwdk@&J@avoHeJ@ &yfwnfcsufawGyg ajymif;vJvmwm jzpfygw,f? e0w/ etz ppftpdk;&[m KNU tzGJ@eJ@vnf; typftcwf&yfpJzdk@twGuf 1995 ckESpfup+yD; t}udrf}udrfawG@qHk aqG;aEG;rlawG jyKvkyfcJhygw,f? 'gayrJh 1996 ckESpf Edk0ifbmvtwGif; armfv+rdKif+rdK@ ta&S@awmifwdkif; ppfXmecsKyfrSm jyKvkyfcJh wJh ESpfbufawG@qHkaqG;aEG;yGJawGtxd e0wOuUX AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$&J@ w&m;aorl0g'jzpfwJh vufeufudkifvrf;pOfudk pGef@+yD; Oya'abmiftwGif;udk0ifa&mufzdk@ KNUtzGJ@u oabmwlnDrSom qufaqG;aEG;Edkifr,fvdk@ e0wbufu wif;cHae cJhwma=umifh aqG;aEG;yGJawGwdk;wufr_r&bJ ESpftwef=um &yfqdkif;oGm;cJh&ygw,f? KNU tzGJ@taeeJ@ jrefrmEdkifiHrSm 'kwd,tiftm;t}uD;qHk; vlrsdK;pkvnf;jzpf/ EdkifiHa&;t&vnf; “obm” &ifh+yD; jrefrmhordkif;rSm oufwrf;t&SnfqHk; vufeufudkiftiftm;pkwpfckvnf;jzpfwma=umifh 'DtzGJ@udk wjcm;vlrsdK;pktzGJ@awGvdk oabmrxm;oifha=umif;/ vlrsdK;pkvufeufudkiftzGJ@ trsm;tjym; rdrdwdk@eJ@ typftcwf&yfpJxm;=u+yDrdk@ avmufavmuf vm;vm; qdkvdk@ KNU wpfzGJ@wnf;om usefawmha=umif;/ 'DtzGJ@eJ@om typftcwf&yfpJatmif aqmif&GufEdkifcJhr,fqdk&if 'DtzGJ@udkA[dkjyK+yD; e,fpyfwpfav#mufrSm v_yf&Sm;aewJh twdkuftcHtiftm;pkawGtm;vHk; tcsdefwdktwGif; +ydKvJukefrSmjzpf a=umif;/ tJ't D csed af &muf&if jynfwGi;f rSm&dSwJh NLDtzGJ@udkvnf; tvG,fwul acsr_ef;EdkifrSmjzpfa=umif; AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif !Gef@u trsdK;rsdK; oHk;oyfwifjycJhw,fvdk@ qdkygw,f? AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$qDu wdusa&&mwJhtajzrsdK; r&cJhayrJh KNUtzGJ@eJ@ aqG;aEG;yGJawG jyefvnfpwifEdkifatmif uu§vSrf;u AdkvfrSL;}uD; pef;yGifh acgif;aqmifwJhtzGJ@udk 2003 ckESpf Edk0ifbmvrSm rJaqmufudkapv$wfcJh+yD; KNU tzG@J eJ@ t}udK!d‡Ed_if;r_awG jyKvkyfapcJhygw,f? 2004ckESpf Zefe0g&DvtwGif; &efukef+rdK@rSmjyKvkyfrJh ESpfbuf awG@qHkaqG;aEG;yGJudk KNUacgif;aqmif AdkvfcsKyf}uD; apmbdkjr ygwufa&mufzdk@ etz 0ef}uD;csKyfvnf;jzpf/ ppfaxmuf vSrf;a&;t}uD;tuJvnf; jzpfwJh AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif!Gef@ u txl;zdwf=um;cJh+yD; zufvSJwuif;eJ@ awG@qHkE_wfqufcJhygw,f? tJ'DawG@qHkyGJtwGif; “zxD;eJ@ zdk;'dk wdk@acwfrSm +idrf;csrf;a&;udk t&wnfaqmuf=ur,f” vdk@vnf; udk,hfudkudk,f ,Hk=unfr_tjynfheJ@ AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif!Gef@u O'gef;usL;&ifhjycJhygw,f? AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$eJ@ ol@&J@acgif;rm*dk%f;uawmh AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif!Gef@vdk oabmxm;tjrifrsdK; r&dS=uygbl;? u&if vlrsdK;awG[m jrefrmEdkifiHrSm 'kwd,tiftm;t}uD;qHk; vlrsdK;pkjzpfwJhtjyif trsm;pku c&pf,mefbmom0ifawG jzpfw,f? taemufEdkifiHawG&J@axmufcHr_udkvnf; &&dSxm;wma=umifh KNUtzGJ@[m jrefrmEdkifiHtwGuf tEW&m,ft}uD;qHk;jzpfw,f/ 'ga=umifh KNU tzGJ@udk wjcm;typf&yftzGJ@awGvdk tcGifhta&;rsdK; ray;Edkifbl;/ vHk;0 vufeufcsrSom vufcHEdkifr,fqdk+yD; ydk+yD;wif;rmwJhoabmxm;rsdK;eJ@ &yfwnfaqG;aEG;cdkif;cJhwma=umifh KNUtzGJ@eJ@ typftcwf &yfpJa&;aqG;aEG;yGJawGudk wm0efcHaqmif&Gufae&wJh AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif!Gef@eJ@ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;wpfzGJ@vHk;[m “t&l;rvif vkyf&ovdk” rsufESmysufcJh& w,fvdk@ KNU eJ@ t}udKaqG;aEG;yGJawGjyKvkyfzdk@ rJaqmuf+rdK@udk AdkvfrSL;}uD; pef;yGifheJ@twl vdkufygcJhbl;ol AdkvfrSL;atmifvif; xGÉf udk,fwdkifu r=umcifu xkwfaz:ajymqdkcJhwm awG@Edkifygw,f? 'gayrJh AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif!Gef@ acgif;aqmifwJh ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;tzGJ@twGuf “t&l;rvif” vkyf&zdk@ =um=um tcsdef r&cJhygbl;? r+yD;jywfao;wJh zxD;eJ@ zdk;'dkwdk@ Zmwfvrf;udk qufaqG;aEG;zdk@ KNU udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJ@ &efukef+rdK@udk aemufwpf}udrf xyfrHa&muf&dScJhwJh 2004 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv (18)&ufae@nrSm ppftkyfpktwGif;u jzKwf/ xkwf/ &Sif; tm%mvkyGJawGtwGif; AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif!eG f@eJ@wuG ol@&J@ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;wzGJ@vHk; &Sif;vif;cHvdkuf&vdk@ jzpfygw,f? ? End of report/ Sunday, August 31, 2008

'Drdkua&pDESifhzGH‹òzd;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;pk/ okawoeESifh rSwfwrf;wifXmerS xkwfa0jzef‹csdonf? Documentation and Research Department (NDD)

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