Type Of Syllabus

Types of Syllabus There some types of syllabus: 1. Grammatical (structural/formal) syllabus Grammatical (structural/formal) syllabus is a syllabus that organized around structure items or focus on grammatical form. Usually, this syllabus used as the basis for planning general course, particularly for beginning-level-learners. Advantages: a. It can be use in developing basis communicative skill. b. It makes the grammatical/structure easier to learn. c. Time available. Disadvantages: a. b. c. d. e.

represent only a partial dimension of language proficiency Do not reflect the acquisition sequence seen in naturalistic second language acquisition Focus on the sentence rather than on longer units of discourse Focus on form rather than meaning Do not address communicative skills

2. Functional syllabus: Functional syllabus is a syllabus that organized around the communicative function. The advantages of functional function: a. Reflect a more comprehensive view of language than grammar syllabus and focus on the use of the language rather than linguistic form. b. It can readily be linked to other types of syllabus content (e.g. topics, grammar. vocabulary). c. Provide a convenient framework for the design of teaching materials, particularly in the domains of listening and speaking. The disadvantages: a. There are no clear criteria for selecting or grading functions. b. It Represents a simplistic view of communicative competence and fail to address the processes of communication c. It often leads to a phrase-book approach to teaching that concentrate on teaching expressions and idioms used for different functions. d. Students learning from a functional course may have considerable gaps in their grammatical competence.

3. Situational syllabus. Situational syllabus is a syllabus that organized around the different language use in different situation. This kind of syllabus relate to the real life of the language user. The advantage of this syllabus is it conveys language in context and teaching language of immediate practical use. The disadvantages: a. Little is known about the language used in different situations, so selection of teaching items is typically based on intuition. b. Language used in specific situations may not transfer to other situations c. Situational syllabus often lead to a phrase-book approach d. Grammar is dealt with incidentally, so a situational syllabus may result in gaps in a student’s grammatical knowledge. 4. Skill-based syllabus Skill-based syllabus is a syllabus that organized around the skill that using in target language, such as listening, reading, speaking, or writing. The advantages: a. Focus on behavior or performance b. Teach skills that can transfer to many other situations c. Identify teachable and learnable units The weaknesses of skill-based syllabus: a. There is no serious basis for determining skills b. Focus on discrete aspects of performance rather than on developing more global and integrated communicative abilities 5. Topical syllabus Topical syllabus is a syllabus that organized around the topic or theme. This syllabus usually used to recognize the vocabulary that can be identified. The advantages: a. b. c. d. e. f. g.

Facilitate comprehension Content makes linguistic form more meaningful Content serves as the best basis for teaching the skill areas They address students’ needs They motivate learners They allow for integration of the four skills They allow for use of authentic materials

6. Task-based syllabus.

Task-based syllabus is a syllabus that organized around activity. Such as, ask student to complete a task. The advantages: a. Tasks are activities that drive the second language acquisition process b. Grammar teaching is not central with this approach because learners will acquire grammar as a by-product of carrying our tasks c. Tasks are motivating for learners and engage them in meaningful communication.