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LEMBAGA PEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 9/&ylu

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2OO8

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ENGLISHFOR SCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY Kertas 2 Nov./Dis. Satu jam

I iam

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALA\ INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1 l .

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Kertas soalan ini nrengundungi30 soalan. Jav,absemua .soolun.

-r. Tiap-liap soelctndiikuti oleh empatpilihan jawapan, iaitu A, B, C dan D. Bagi seticrpsoulurt.pilih satu jawapan sahaja. Hitamkan semuajawapon anda pada kertttsjutrapon objekti.fyong disediakan.

Kertassoalanini mengandungi13 halamanbercetakdan 3 halamantidak bercetak ILihat sebelah 635512 o 2008 Hak cipra KerajaanMataysia SULIT

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Questions| ^ 25 are basedon the given stimuli. Study the information carefully and choosethe best answer.

Mercury'ssurfaceis p e pper edall over with thousandsof cr ater swhere meteorites oncerainedd o wn.One enor mousimpactmade by a r ockabou t 100 kilometres acrossc r e a t e dt h e C a l o r i sB a s i n .S u r r o u n d e db y s e v e r a l r i n g so f m o u n t a i nasn d p a rtlyfilledin, it is 1300 kilom etr eswide

What is the causeof Mercury's pepperedsurface? A

The rings of mountains

B

The thousandsof craters

C

The showerof meteorites

D

The imoact of rain

Mostsmoothsurfaces suchas paperareactually quiteunevenand reflect lightin all directions. A very smoothand shinysurfacesuchas a mirror reflectslightin a moreregularway.

Which of the diagramsbelow illustratesthe reflectionfrom paper? A

B

light

light

paper

paper

D

C

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SULIT Questions3 - 1 sre basedan thefollowing table. Mercury

Jupiter

Saturn

12756

t42984

t29660

150

778.3

1427

4848

12104

Averagedistancefrom the Sun (million km)

57.9

i08

Time takento orbit the Srin

.l

Earth

Diameterat equator (km)

Time taken to spin on axls

3

Venus

5 8 . 6 d a y s 243 days24 hours 9.9hours 10.5hours

88 days 225 days 1 year

I 1 . 6 6y e a r s 29.46 years

Which planettakesthe shortesttime to completea rotation? A

Venus

B

Saturn

C

Jupiter

D

\lercur1'

\\'hat can we concludefrom the information above? A

The size of a planetdoesnot influencethe rate it spins.

B

The size of a planet determinesthe time taken to orbit the Sun.

C

The distancefrom the Sun determinesthe speedat which a planet spins.

D

The distanceof a olanet from the Sun doesnot influence its orbit.

The shellsof crustaceans are composedmostlyof chitin.A water-soluble thatis chitin-based compound can be usedto keepfruitfreshfor longer. This c o m p o u n dc a n b e d i s s o l v e di n w a t e r a n d s p r a y e do n f r u i t . l t f o r m s coatingthatlimitsthe amountof oxygenentering a semi-permeable the fruit. As a result,treatedfruit ripenmoreslowlythan untreated fruit and can be heldfreshin coldstoragefor a longerperiodof time.Unlikeparaffinor wax,the chitin-based spraycan be washedoff in warmwater.

5

How doesthe chitin-basedcompoundhelp to prolong the shelf life of fruit? A

It controlsthe amountof oxygenenteringthe fruit.

B

It allows fruit to be washedoff in warm water.

C

It can be sprayedon liuit for a longer period.

D

It can be usedto make fruit becomefresher. ILihat sebelah

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of magm awhichis mol ten A l l vo l ca n o e sa re fo rmedby the accum ulation or r ockth a t fo rmsb e l o wth e Ear th' ssur face.M agm acan er uptthr oughone openi ngs ' of cluster a mo re vo l ca n i cve n ts,w h ichcan be a singleopening, par t upper the o i -a -to n gcra ck.l t fo rmsdeep withinthe Ear th,eitherwithin , i t h i nt h e b a s e o f t h e E a r t h ' sc r u s t ' o f t h e r i a n t l e o r , m o r e c o m m o n l yw Hi g h te mp e ra tu reas n d pr essur esar e neededto for m m agm a

below is true aboutntasnla'.' From the text above,which of the statements A It causesvolcanicvents to fbrm and erupt'

6

C

It forms within the baseof the Earth's crust' to tbrm' and pressures It causeshigh temperatures

D

It forms one or more long crackswithin the mantle'

B

Questions 7

- I are based on the .following text'

Wa te r w a ve s,fro m ri pplesin a pond to giant br eaker sat the seash or e' up ano t ra n sp o rte n e rg y.l f yo u dr op a stone into a pond,the water moves down as the stonesenterthe water.This up and down movementor vibration, object travelsacrossthe water surfaceas a wave.when it meets a floating make to energy The iu.n rr a toy boat,the wave makesit bob up and down. boat the to th e b o a t b o b co me s from the fallingstone,and is car r iedout by the wave. Basedon the text above,ripples and giant breakersare

7

A

the source of water waves

B

objectsthat make boats bob

C

movementcausedby floating objects vibrations that travel acrossthe water surt'ace

D 8

What are giant breakers? A

Huge boats

B

Big waves

C

Water riPPles

D

Floating objects

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Eve rya cti o nre q u i re se n er gyto make it happen- not just her e on Ear th b u t t h r o u g h o utth e e n t i r eu n i v e r s eE . n e r g ym a k e sy o u r b o d yw o r k s o t h a t y o u c a n s e e , h e a r ,t h i n k ,s p e a k ,m o v e a n d d o a l l k i n d so f t h i n g s .E n e r g y k e e p sa l l l i vi n gth i n g s- i n cl uding us alive.This ener gycom esfr omthe Sun' s h e a t an d fro m fo o d . Non-living t h i n g sn e e d e n e r g yt o w o r k t o o . A l l m a c h i n e sn e e d a s u p p r y of energyto work,and theystopwhentheirenergysupplyis givenout or turned o f f .M a ch i n e sg e t e n e rg yfro mfuels,suchas petr ol,or fr oma supplyof power s u c ha s e l e ctri ci ty o r ru n n i n gwater .

9

Basedon the text abol'e.lihich is the best conclusionaboutenergy? A

Energyhelpsin lbod production

B

All machinesneedenerg),ton'ork

C

All living thingsneedenergr,tostavalive

D

Energvis neededfor any actionto take place

The mostcommonsymptom of gastroesophageal refluxdisease(GERD) - thatburning is frequentheartburn feelingyou feelin yourchest. GERDoccurs whenthestomach acidcontents backupintotheoesophagus. Thisoccurs whentheloweroesophagealsphincter (LES)muscle malfunctions or doesnotcloseproperly. Prolonged andfrequentacidrefluxin the lower oesophagus cancauseinjury. Studies foundthatGERDmaybedueto heavy meals,fattyfoodandlyingflatin bed.

10 What doesthe word re.fluxmean? A

To flow out

B

To flow into

C

To flow back

D

To flow across

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It is one of life'sgreatunmentionables, but havingbad breathcan cause extremeembarrassment anddistress. bacteriabreeding A mildhalitosis usuallyresultsfromanaerobic in shallow gasessuchas cavitiesin the gumor teeth.Thesebugsreleasefoul-smelling h y d r o g e ns u l p h i d e . R o u t i n e d e n t a l t r e a t m e n t ,r e g u l a r b r u s h i n g and mouthwashes usuallysolvethisproblem. Now there'sa lasertreatmentfor one of the worstformsof halitosis. fromthe tonsils. a rarelydiagnosed versionwaftingrelentlessly

11 What is halitosis? A

Anaerobicbacteria

B

Hydrogen sulphide

C

Lasertreatment

D

Bad breath

Compactdiscs(CD)are usedto keepdata.The typesof disc,CD-Rand themfromscratches. layers. Thetopmostlayerprotects CD-RWhavedifferent dyethatlies laserburnsareasof a transparent On a CD-R,a higher-powered virtualpits layer,turningspecksof dyeopaqueandcreating overa reflective prevent Onceburned,thedyecannot that thereadlaserfrombeingreflected. be madetransparent again. film.Whena higher-powered A CD-RWhasa layerof metalphase-change lasermeltsspecksof the metalfilm,the speckscoolquicklyand become again(erased) However, non-reflective. the metalfilmcanbe madereflective laserthatallowsthefilmto coolslowly. by heatingit witha medium-powered

12 From the text, both CD-R and CD-RW requirea A

high-poweredlaserto recorddata

B

reflective layer to erasedata

C

protective layer to record data

D

medium-poweredlaser to erasedata

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when a star'snuclearfuel beginsto run out,the starreactsby puffingup u n t i li t b e c o m e sa g i a n to r a s u p e r g i a n S t . t a r st h a t a r e l e s s ' t h a no n e and a halftimesthe Sun'smassthen blowoff theirouterlayers,leaving a tiny,coolingstarcalleda whitedwarf.Starsthatare moremassivethan oneand a halfSunendtheirliveswitha supernova explosion. The leftover corebecomesa neutronstar,or sometimes a blackhole.

13 Which of the following sequencesis correct? A

small star--+ white dwarf-+

B C

small star ) white dwarf big star --t supernova

D

big star -+

supernova 4

neutron star > black hole > white dwarf neutron star

O n e m e t h o do f m a k i n gs u l p h u r i a c c i d i s c a l l e dt h e C o n t a c P t rocess. It beginswiththe heating of sulphur, or sulphurore,to formsulphur dioxide. Heatingthe sulphurdioxidewith a catalyst,such as vanadium(V) oxide, turnsit intosulphur trioxide. Thesulphur trioxide is dissolved in a concentrated sulphuric acidsolution to forma substance calledoleum.Diluting the oleum with watercausesthe sulphurtrioxideto combinewith the addedwater andformsulphuric acid.

14 The diagrambelow showsthe ContactProcess.Which of theseis oleum?

Oxygen from air

Oxygen from air

Roastedin fumace

Heated with air over catalyst

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M o s t c a r s u s e f o u r - s t r o k ei n t e r n a lc o m b u s t i o ne n g i n e s .T h e p i s t o n , w h ich tra ve l su p a n d d o w n when the cr ankshaftr otates,star tsat the top o f t h e c y l i n d e r .T h e i n l e t v a l v e o p e n s a n d t h e p i s t o n d r o p s , a l l o w i n g t h e f u e l - a i rm i x t u r et o e n t e r t h e c y l i n d e r .T h e p i s t o n m o v e s b a c k u p , c o mp re ssi n g th e g a so l i n eand air .The spar k plug fir esand ignitesthe fuel d r o p l e t s .T h e c o m p r e s s e dc h a r g e e x p l o d e s ,d r i v i n gt h e p i s t o n d o w n . The outletvalveopens,allowingthe combustionproductsto exit the cylinder.

15 At which stasedoescombustiontake olace?

B

A inlet valve

v

outlet valve

petrol + air mixture piston

cylinder

connecting rod crank shaft

D

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C

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A n e x p e r i m e n t a vl a c c i n e t a r g e t s p l a s m o d i u mf a l c i p a r u m ,t h e m o s t d a n g e r o um s a l a r i apl a r a s i t eA. t r i a li n M o z a m b i q uien v o l v i nm g o r et h a n2 0 0 0 c h i l d re na g e d 1 to 4 sh o w sthat it r educesthe r iskof infectionby 30 per cent. F o rt h o sew h o sti l lg e t i n fe cted, it r educesthe chancesof developing the m ost s e v e r efo rmo f ma l a ri ab y 5 8 per cent.

16 which of the following can we concludefrom the text above? A

The vaccineis effectivein reducingmalariacases.

B

The vaccinecan help cure malariacases.

C

Malaria affectsmainly children.

D

Most malariacasesare severe

smelling andhuge,therareAmorphophallus titanium comes - Bothrepulsive the tropicalforest of Sumatera. lt has a centralspit<e grows that eight feet from highanditsleavesopento forma massive cauldron morethanf-our feeticross. B e c a u s eo f i t s f o u l s t e n c ho f r o t t i n gf l e s h ,t h i s p l a n t i s o f t e n c a l l e d thecorpseflower.

17 why is Amorphophallustitanium known as the corpseflower? A

It feedson rotting flesh.

B

It forms a big cauldron.

C

It gives out a bad odour.

D

It grows an enormousspike.

- A s t r o n a u tsma y n e e d to w or k outsidethe spacecr aftfor sever alhour s, f o r e x amp l ew , h e nre p a i ri n ga satellite. Any tr ipoutside,r equir esa pr otective s p a c e su i t.On ce i n sp a ce ,a str onautsar e secur edto the cr aftto stop them floatingaway.Alternatively, they wear a mannedmanoeuveringunit(trrltrrtU;, a b a c k p a ckw i thro cke tth ru ster sto contr ormobilityand dir ection. l8

The word manoeuveringtn the text abovemeans A

floating

B

moving

C

working

D

exercising

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of are builtwitha skeleton and mostlargemodernbuildings Skyscrapers strongand this is whatmakesit possible steelgirders.Steelis immensely havea centralcore Manybuildings for buildings to soarto suchdizzyheights. The floorsare builtout fromthe coreto an outer concrete. of reinforced steelskeleton.

19 Which of the following makesit possiblefor buildingsto be tall? A

Strong steel

B

Centralcore

C

Skeletonof girders

D

Reinforcedconcrete

can be seenwhenwhitelightis split coloursof a spectrum The separate glassprismis verygoodat doingthisas it bendsor refracts up.A triangular light.The differentcoloursbendby differentamounts,so theyspreadout wavelengths and forma rainbowpattern.Thesecoloursare alsoof different of light.

20 The prism forms a spectrumbecausethe colours A

combine into white light

B

have the samewavelength

C

bend by Cifferent amounts

D

spreadout and form rainbows v

Eutropic lakesand pondsintotwo categories. dividefreshwater Ecologists relatively waters the making vegetation, and matter organic rich in lakesar6 containlittleorganicmatterand the wateris much murky.Oligotrophiclakes foundin murkyeutropicwatersand lake clearer.Calp and catfishare typically lakes. troutis foundin oligotrophic

2l

what is the similarity betweeneutropicand oligotrophiclakes? A

They are rich in organicmatter.

B

They are salt water lakes.

C

They lack organicmatter.

D

They containfreshwaterfishes.

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22 Which statementis correct from the diagram above? A

The coldestpoint lies in the mesosphere.

B

Ali the layersare of similar thickness.

C

The thermosphereis the hottestlayer.

D

The ozone layer is found in the troposphere.

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M ost p l a n tsd o n o t g ro w at the sam e r ate thr oughoutthe year . Dur in g periodsof cold or drought,plantgroMh ceasesor is lrmited,and plantsenter dormancy.Leavesbreakoff the plantat abscissionzones.Beforeleavesfall, back intothe stem and are used againin the spring nutrientsare transported T h e l e a f w o u l d d i e i n th e cold anyway,so losingleavesallowsthe plan t t o r e ta i nn u tri e n ts. 23 Which of the following can we concludefrom the text? A

Plantsdependon leavesto survivein cold weather.

B

Plantsadaptthemselvesto weatherconditions.

C

Leavesdie to provide nutrientsto plants.

D

Leavesfall to limit plant growth. b

They do not have a waxy are terrestrial. and millipedes All centipedes suchas living adaptations, throughbehavioural cuticle.Theyretainmoisture to preventdesiccation. in dampenvironments 24 In this text, what doesthe word desslcationmean? A

warmth

B

heating up

C

drying out

D

humidity

l n t h e r e s t o r a t i o no f a n a r t w o r k ,t h e o b j e c t g o e s t h r o u g h a s e r i e s of preliminarystagesof artisticand scientificobservation.Firstly,on arrival, every artworkis X-rayedto revealthe object'sinternalstructureand state . Ob ta i tedand thor ough study to identifythe - differ ent o f p i e se rva ti o n n maierialsused,enablesexpertsto analysethe materialsand the effecttime h a s h a d o n th e m. cleaned.Methodsvar y stages,each objectmust.be. Afte r th e p re l i mi n a ry include,lasers,soft accordingto ttre materialsbeingtreatedand possibilities water . d r y b ru sh e s,Ja p a n e sep aperand distilled 25 What influencesthe choiceof cleaningmethods? A

The X-ray of intemal structures.

B

The effect of time on the artwork.

C

The materialsused in the artwork.

D

The stageof scientific observation'

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Questions 26 - 30 ore busedon the./bllowingpassage.Choosethe most appropriate answerJt'ontIltc'optiurt.tgivan.

W a t e r i s a v i t a l p a r t o f m a n y m e t a b o l i cp r o c e s s e sw i t h i n t h e b o d y . S i g n i f i c a nqt u a n t i t i e so f w a t e r a r e u s e d d u r i n gt h e 2 6 o f f o o d . w h e n d e h yd ra te dso , meb a cte ri aand plantseedscan entera cr yptobiotic 27 fo r an indefinite period. They come back to life when returned to a A b o u t72 per centof thefat- fr eem assof the humanbody 2 8 e n vi ro n me n t, i s ma d eu p o f w a te r. W a te ri s re mo ve dfro mthe bodyin ur ineand faeces.lt is alsolostthr ough s w e a ti n ga n d b y e xh a l a ti onof water 29 in the br eath.Humansr equi r e w a t e rt h a t d o e s n o t c o n t a i nt o o m u c h s a l t o r o t h e r 3 0 , w h i c hi n c l u d e s h a r mfu lb a cte ri a .T h e g ro wthof wor ld populationand other factor saffec t t h e ava i l a b i l i ty o f d ri n ki n gw aterper per son.Thisissuecan be solvedthr ough m o rep ro d u cti o nb,e tte rd i str ibutionor thr oughlesswaste.

26 A

conversion

29 A

particles

B

absorption

B

bubbles

C

dissolution

C

droplet

D

digestion

D

vapour

27 A

degree

30 A

impurities

B

state

B

additives

C

step

C

elements

D

part

D

matters

28 A

cool

B

wet

C

airy

D

dense

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