Regions: Midbrain

Regions

midbrain pons

Medulla oblongata

Ventricular Spaces

(Cerebral)

Arachnoid villi

Choroid Plexus

Choroid plexus

CSF flows from • Choroid plexuses into → Ventricular spaces → through apertures into → subarachnoid space → into arachnoid villi

Superior Sagittal Sinus

Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus

Standard fluid circulation

Normal capillaries

Figure 21-4 Capillary Structure

Basement membrane Endothelial cell Nucleus

Endosomes

Endosomes

Basement membrane

Fenestrations, or pores

Boundary between endothelial cells

Continuous capillary

Boundary between endothelial cells

Basement membrane

Fenestrated capillary

Gap between adjacent cells

Sinusoid

Blood-Brain Barrier

Blood-Brain Barrier

Regions

midbrain pons

Medulla oblongata

Pontine Centers

Posterior root

Spinal nerves have gray horns

Anterior root

Regions

Cranial nerves have nuclei

midbrain pons

Medulla oblongata

brainstem

Reflex Centers

Reticular formation

Reticular formation

RAS

Medulla Anterior

pyramid

Pyramidal decussation

Corticospinal tract

CSF Circulation

Medulla Lateral (CN X)

Vagus nerve

Posterior root

Anterior root

Vagus Nerve (X)

Vagus Nucleus

Facial Parasymp

Medulla Lateral Facial nerve

Facial Nerve (VII)

Facial GSA

Medulla Lateral (CN VII) Vestibulocochlear nerve

Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)

Cochlear nuclei

Medulla Lateral Reticular formation

Respiratory Centers

Cardiac Center

Cardiac center(para)

Vasomotor Center

Blood Pressure Reflex

Various Digestive and Respiratory Reflex Centers Cough center

Gagging center

Hiccup center

Swallowing center

Sneeze center

Vomit center

Pontine Nuclei

Pontine Centers

Apneustic

IV Ventricle

Medulla Anterior (CN V)

Trigeminal nerve

CN V Trigeminal nerve

CN V GSA

CN V SE

Cerebral aqueduct

Regions

Cerebral aqueduct Cerebral aqueduct

Midbrain (transverse)

Inferior colliculus of the Corpora quadrigemina

Corpora Quadrigemina

Superior colliculus of the Corpora quadrigemina

Superior Colliculi

Inferior Colliculi

Optic Nerve/LGN Cerebral peduncle of midbrain

Cerebral peduncle of midbrain

Medulla Anterior (CN V)

Midbrain (transverse)

Midbrain/Diencephalon

Thalamus/Cortex

Auditory pathway

Visual Pathway

Sensory pathway Ventroposterior nucleus of thalamus

Thalamus relays to Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Thermoregulating Center in Hypothalamus

T3, T4 reg

Control Center for the entire Autonomic Nervous System

3 neuron

Controls the Parasympathetic System

Parasympathetic LMN

Controls the Sympathetic System

Sympathetic LMN

Thirst Center

Blood-Brain Barrier Blood-Brain Barrier in the brain and spinal cord but not in the hypothalamus

Normal capillaries

3 neuron

Neuro&Adenoh

Pineal

Int Capsule Internal capsule

LMN

Optic Nerve

Visual Pathway

Optic Nerve/LGN

Optic tract

III Ventricle

Arachnoid villi

Cerebellum

Cerebellar nucleus

Arbor vitae

Arbor vitae

connections

Cerebral Cortex

Basal Ganglia

Basal Ganglia

Midbrain (transverse)

SN and Red Nucleus

Limbic System

Basal Ganglia

White matter

Projection

Projection

White matter

Functional areas of Cerebral Left Cortex

(on insula)

Wernick/Broca

Commissural tracts

White matter

sulci

Longitudinal Fissure

Transverse Fissure

Lateral fissure/sulcus

Central Sulcus

Cingulate gyrus

Parietooccipital sulcus

calcarine sulcus

Parahippocampal Parahippocampal gyrus

Lobes

Lobes

Motor cortex

Corticospinal tract

Motor cortex

olfactoryl

Visual cortex

Calcarine

Parieto-occipital fissure

Calcarine sulcus

Auditory pathway

Motor cortex

Sensory pathway

Sensorimotor cortex

Motor cortex

Gustatory cortex

Cerebral dominance

Limbic System

olfactory

Olfactory nerve

Olfactory nerve

Cingulate gyrus

Calcarine

Parahippocampal gyrus

olfactoryl Parahippocampal gyrus

Functional areas of Cerebral Cortex

olfactoryl uncus

Parahippocampal gyrus

Limbic System