Peoples March
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uyck jHdmdrhla Wfoid'''''
6 l,dmh cQ,s-wf.daia;= 2009 wdOdrh re' 30'00
foaYmd,k úi÷qï Y%S ,'ks'm' wdik ixúOdhl m;a lsrsï yryd
wdKavqfõ wNHka;rh fi,fõ ! Ôjk fmf¾rd úisks kg u;=msgg fkdfmfkk ;;ajhla fmkakqï l<;a wdKavqj wNHka;rfha u; .egqï W.%fjñka mj;sk nj wdKavqfõ wdrxÑud¾. j,ska wkdjrKh fõ' úfYAIfhkau n,h fnodyersfï foaYmd,k úiÿulg ckau ffjrhlska fmf
fla u iyfhda.h ;u ckao igkaj,g ,nd .ekSu i`oyd;a ckdêm;sjrhd fhoq WmamrjeÜáh jqfha foaYmd,k úi`ÿu B<`. ckdêm;sjrKh f;la mud lsrsuhs' i¾jmdlaIsl lñgqj yryd ;siai ú;drK uy;d bosrsm;a lsrSug kshñ; fhdackdj,sh o nd,.srsfodaIhg ,la ù we;af;a ckdêm;sjrhd th bosrsm;a fkdlrk f,i okajd we;s ksid nj ;siai ú;drK uy;d ;u mlaIh jk ,iimg oekqï oS we;¡ bkaoshdj we;=¿ cd;Hka;rh foaYmd,k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh ks;r u;=lrk ;;ajhla ;=<
21 jeks msgqjg ''''
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
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kj ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoS whs;sjdislï i`oyd n,j;a jHdmdrhl wjYH;djh wo m%n, f,i oefkñka mj;S' úfYaIfhka u rdcmlaI md,kh úiska ;yjqre lr.;a hqo ch.%yKh;a" ta ;=< wdKavqj flf¾ u;= ù we;s by< ckm%sh;djh;a ;=< ckdêm;sjrhd m%uqL wdKavqj .uka lrñka isákafka ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;yjqre lrk osYdjlg fkdj u¾okh yd N’IKh jmqrk osYdjlg ùu ksid h' wdKavqfõ l%shdldrlï úfõpkh lrk ´kEu mlaIhlg" ixúOdkhlg fyda mqoa.,fhl=g rdcmlaI md,kfha m%ydrhkaf. ka .e,ùu f,fyis myiq fkdfõ' wjdikdjlg wo tjeks m%ydrhkag tfrysj ckhd tlaù isoq lrk Yla;su;a úfrdaOhmEï ;nd mq¿,a l;sldjlaj;a iudch ;=< u;= fkdjk ;rï h' iudcfha fuu oeä ksødY’,s;ajh b;du krl m%jk;djhla jk w;r th rdcmlaI md,khg ish u¾ok’h ms<sfj; bosrshg f.k hdu i`oyd fok ksy`v iyfhda.hla o ù we;'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ud
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fuu ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj b;du bji’ulska" mq¿,a oelaulska hq;=j is;d l< yels m<,a jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.Su läkïj fuka u ukd ixhuhlska hq;=j l< hq;= lghq;a;la fõ' fï i`oyd oekg wdKavqfõ u¾ok’h jevms<sfj,g tfrysj isák W;=f¾ ol=fKa isxy," fou<" uqia,sï ish¨ mlaI" ixúOdk yd l%shdldÍ mqoa.,hska talrdYS ùu wjYH h' fï i`oyd ish,q mlaI yd ixúOdk yd mqoa.,hska ;u ;ukaf.a mgq yd wdÖ¾K u;j, t,aî fkdisg fmdoq jevms<sfj,lg talrdYs ùug kuHYs,S úh hq;= h' tfia fkdue;sj mq¿,a fmruqKla f.dv ke.Sug ;sfnk wjldYh újr jkafka ke;=jd fuka u ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh w.hk iudchla f.dv ke.Sug ;sfnk iudc’h wjYH;djhkag o msgqmEula jkq we;' hqo ch.%yKfha ckm%sh;djhg uqjdù rdcmlaI
md,kh ;=< isoqjk w,a,i" oQIKh" jxpdj yd kdia;sh ms<sn`oj uyckhd fyd`oska oekqj;a l< hq;= h' ckhd iQrdlñka rdcmlaI md,kh ,nd .kakd uqo,a .,dhkafka rfÜ fmdoq myiqlï we;=+¿ há;, myiqlï oshqKq lsrSugj;a iudc iqNidOk lghq;= i`oyd;a fkdj md,l mx;sfha úYd, weu;s uKav, kv;a;= lsrSu" fidank W;aij we;=¿ kdia;sldr lghq;= i`oyd nj uyckhdg wjfndaO fldg osh hq;= h¡ fï ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj uyckhdj ksis f,i oekqj;a lsÍu Tjqkaj wdKavqfõ w;a;fkdau;sl n,hg m%n, wNsfhda.hla f,i f.dv ke.Sug fnfyúka n,mdkq we;¡ ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh f.dv ke.Su i`oyd jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.sh hq;= hhs lshq muKska th iasÿ fkdfõ' ta i`oyd m<,a ck;djla iyNd.slrjd .; yels md¾Yùh fkdjk fmdoq l%shdud¾. f;dard .; hq;= w;r ta i|yd ck;dj w;rg hd yels" ck;dj ixúOdkh l< yels" oeä lemùula we;s olaI ixúOdhlhska msrsila wjYH nj o wjOdrKh l< hq;= lreKls' lemùula we;s olaI ixúOdhlhska mq¿,a uyck n,fõ.hla f.dv ke.Sug b;du w;HdjYH idOlhls' udOH idlÉcd mj;ajk" k.rj, m;s%ld fnok" ls%hdldrslhka msrsila /ialrjd k.rj, Woaf>daIK mj;ajk i’ñ; ls%hdldrlïj, fkd/£ ixúOdhlhka .ï okõ isidrd f.dia ck;djg lreKq fmkajdoS Tjqka oekqj;a lr ls%hdldÍ f,i m%cd;ka;%’h igka i`oyd fhduq lrjd .; hq;= fõ' tfia jqjfyd;a muKla rg ;=< u;=fjñka tk u¾okSh md,k ;ka;%h fmr
jika; Èidkdhl ir 30 lg wêl ld,hla mqrd we§ hk YS% ,xldfõ cd;sl .eg`Mfõ y`v t,aààBh mrojd rdcmlaI md,kh ,nd .;a mQ¾K hqo ch.%yKh ;=<ska ;djld,slj úh yels kuq;a ksy`v flÍ we;' fuu ksYaÑ; fudfyd; ;=< ol=fKa nyq;r u;h njg m;aj ;sfnk njg Èia fjkafka m%Yakh oeka ksudjg m;aj we;s njls' hqoaOh l<;a foaYmd,k úi÷ï ñi wjidkfha fjk;a úl,amhla ke;ehs f,djg lshQ md,lhska o foaYmd,k úi÷ï ms<sn| l;d oeka kHdh m;%fha wjika wxl lrd f.k hñka ;sfí' oeka foaYmd,k úi÷ula .ek foaYSh jYfhka ;du;a ÿn, kuq;a hï y`vla kef.kafka fou< iq`M;rhlska yd cd;sjdohg hg fkdjQ jdu yd m%.;sYS,S iq`M;rhlsks' tfy;a cd;Hka;r jYfhka tys,d rdcmlaI md,khg u. yer hdug wiSre n,mEula t,a, fjhs' tlai;a ckmofhka" hqfrdamSh m%cdfjka yd úfYaIfhka bkaÈhdfjka t,a,jk n,mEu yuqfõ È.ska È.gu u. yer hkakg Bg wiSre jkq we;'
j
oeka foaYmd,k úi÷ula f,i hg;a msßfihska rdcmlaI md,kh kug fyda hï tl`.;djla olajkafka 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d
ixfYdaOkfhka bÈßm;a jQ m
bkaÈhd yuqod iu. mjd udrdka;sl f,i igka jeÿfKa h' tlS úi÷ug uq,a jQ bkaoshdkq w.ue;s jrhdj isá rðõ .dkaê mjd rel="nofollow">d;kh lfd;khg mjd ,la lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ksoyia yd m%cd;ka;%jd§ jHdmdrhl wjYH;djh
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bkaÿ YS% ,xld .súiqu tys j.ka;s j,ska l=ula lSj o tys ienE wruqKq bka§h w.ue;s w.ue;s rðõ .dkaê yd YS% ,xld ckdêm;s fÊ'wd¾' chj¾Ok w;r mej;s mQ¾j idlÉPdj,§ YS% ,xld ckdêm;sjrhdg ms<s.ekSug isÿjQQ —tl`.;dj,ska˜ fmfka' tajd fufia h' 1'
úfoaY hqo yd T;a;= fiajd mqoa.,hka YS% ,xldfõ /£ isàu YS% ,xld bka§h iïnkaO;djkag w.;shla fkdjk njg iy;sl ùu'
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bkaÈhdfõ m, m%fhdackj,g w.;shla jk mßÈ ;%sl=Kdu, jrdh fyda YS% ,xldfõ fjk;a lsisÿ jrdhla lsisÿ rgla u.ska fhdod .ekSug bv fkd§u' ;s%l=Kdu, jrdfha f;,a gexls mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍu
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yd mdúÉÑhg .ekSu YS% ,xld bkaÈhdtaldnoaO jHjidhla f,i mj;ajd f.k hdu' 4'
úfoaY .=jka úÿ,s úldYk ixúOdk iu. YS% ,xldj we;s lr .;a .súiqï idudkH .=jka úÿ,s fiajd i|yd muKla ñi lsisÿ hqo fyda T;a;= fiajd lghq;a;la i|yd fhdod fkd. efkk nj iy;sl lrkq i|yd úu¾Ykh lsÍu'
fïjd wvx.=jkafka bkaÿ-YS% ,xld .súiqu w;aika lsÍug fmr fï tl`.;d iy;sl lrkakehs w.ue;s rðõ .dkaê úiska ckdêm;s chj¾Okg tjk ,o ,smsfhys h' tu ,smsfhaa m
wjikafõ' ;u n,h ;j oYl .Kkdjla mj;ajd.ekSug ish,q kQ,a iQ;a;r wosñka isák rdcmlaI ckdêm;sjrhd ckdêm;sjrKh yd uy ue;sjrKh meje;aùug wjYH lghq;= iqodkï lrñka isà' rcfha weu;sjreka lsysm fofkl= u 2010 ckjdrs ui wjidk úg ckdêm;sjrKh meje;afjk nj ks, jYfhka ke;;a m%isoaOj m%ldYlr we;' rfÜ wdKavql%u jHjia:djg wkqj m
m%Yakhla muKla úh' bkaÿ YS% ,xld .súiqfuys YS% ,xldfõ ckjd¾.sl m%Yakhg iïnkaO tl`.;d wvx.= lr ;sfnkafka tu ikao¾Nfhks' tajd fldf;la ÿrg m%Yakfha wka;¾.;hg wduka;%Kh lsÍug iu;a jQfha o hkq 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfhka n,d .; yels h' tu ixfYdaOkh f.k tkq ,nkafka fuu .súiqfï tl`.;djkag wkqj h' tu ixfYdaOkh u.ska m%:ufhka u lrkqfha rfÜ m
rdcmCI n,jHdmD;sh"
uyckhd yd úmCIh''' rð; rdcmCI
l=Kq m
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uyskao Ñka;kh wkqj m
Y%S ,xldj uqyqK os ;snq oreKq uq,H w¾nqofhka hï fyda muKlg f.dv taug cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqo, ,nd o’ug fmdfrdkaÿ jq re' ì,shk 26"000l uqo,ska yelshdj ,efnk kuq;a fuu uqo, Y%’ ,xld rchg tljr fkd,efnk w;r th jdrsl 08l § ,nd o’ug kshñ; h' ,xldj uqyqK § isák oreKq uq,H w¾nqoh fya;=fjka NdKav wdkhk iSud mjd mekúfï ;;ajhla u;= úh yels nj wms óg fmr lsysm j;djlo’ u m’m,aia udÉ u.ska fmkajd o’ we;af;uq¡ uE;los tla;rd rEmjdysks kd,sldjlg m%ldYhla l< wud;H ir;a wuqKq.u uy;d uQ,H wruqof,a uqo,a fkd,efnk ;;ajhla meje;sfha kï ,xldfõ uq,H w¾nqoh b;du oreKq ù NdKav wdkhk i’ud lsrsïj,g mjd ;,a,qùug bv ;snq nj wjOdrKh lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
kuq;a miqìug ;,a¨ lsÍug yelsù we;ehs neÆ ne,aug fmfkk cd;sl .eg`Mjg" m%Odk fldgu W;=f¾ yd kef.kysr fou< ckhdf.a m%Yakhg úi÷ula iemfhkafka o@ fuh úuid ne,Sug 13 jk ixfYdaOkh muKla fkdj Bg mdoljQ 1987 bkaÿ-YS% ,xld .súiqu yd tys ienE wruqKq o úuid ne,sh hq;= fõ' bkaÈhdj ld,hla fou< igkaldó lKavdhïj,g myiqlï iemhSu o ikakoaO mqyqKqj ,nd §u o l< nj ryila fkdfõ' tfia lf
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hqoaOh wjidk ù oeka udi 03la f.ù f.dia we;s w;r ;j fkdfnda osklska u uyckhdg hqoaOfha rKfnr y`v kEiS hkq we;' úfYaIfhka u rdcH úhou wvq lsrS u g rchg is ÿ jkq we;¡ fï w;r iykdOdr yd iqNidOk lmamdÿ lsrSï rdcH fiajl jegqma jeä fkdlsrSï rdcH fiajhg n`ojd .ekSï keje;aùu hk ;’rK .ekSug isÿfõ' ;ukaf.a úhou ls i s u lmd yerS u la ls r S u g l,amkdjla fkdlrk md,lhska isák wdKavqjlska m%ydrh t,a,jkq we;af;a uyck;djf.a nvf.da i a ; rhg nj b;d meyeos,s h' rdcH wdodhu jeä lr .ekSu i`oyd rchg l< yels tlu úl,a m h jka f ka uyckhd u; ;j ;j;a nÿ nr mgjñka Tjqka iQrdlEu muKls¡' fuu ;;ajhkag tfrysj uyck;dj wdKavqj iu. wksjd¾fhkau .egqïldÍ ;;a;ajhla we;slr .ekSu fkdje,elaúh yels h'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
jev lrk fldgiaj, wd¾Ól wr.,h ;’ j % úh yels w;r iykdOdr yd iqnidOk lmamdÿj ;=< iudcfha my< ia : rhka g we;s lrk m’ v kh Tjq k a Woaf rel="nofollow">daIKj,g fm
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úfYa I fhka u uyckhd hq o a O fha kdufhka fu;rï l,la bjid isá ;u m’vkhka ;jÿrg;a bjid isákq ke;s nj nj md,lhskag f;afrk oskh jeä wE;l fkdjkq we;'
cd;Hka ; r uq , H wruq o f,a uq o ,a wkq u e;s h i`oyd meje;s /ia ù ug tlai;a ckmoh yd uyd ì%;dkHh we;= ¿ ngys r rgj,a iyNd.s j q f ha ke;' fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< bosrs uqo,a uqod yerSï i`oyd uq,H wruqo, úiska okajd we;s fldkafoais bgqlrjd .ekSu i`oyd Tjqka uq,H wruqo,g lrkq ,nk n,mEu n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh hq;a;ls' ngysr rgj,a iu. wkjYH .egqul ksr; ù isák wdKavqjg bosrsfhaoS óg jvd ;j;a oreKq ;;a;j a hkag uqyqK oSug isÿ jkq we;' fou< cd;sl m%Yakh iïnkaOj foaYmd,k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh ms
;j o’ ¾ > ld,hla n,fha is à ug ish,q ;;a;ajhka f.dv k.ñka isák ckdêm;s j rhdg fõos l dj, lrkq ,nk .e,rsfha l:dfuka cd;Hka;rh bj; oeñh fkdyels h' foaYmd,k úi`ÿulg oeä ffjÍ ms<sfj;l isák úu,a" osfkaYa "pïmsl lKavdhu;a foa Y md,k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh wjOdrKh lrk wdKa v q f õ is á k n,fõ. yd cd;Hka;rh;a hk fldgia fol u tlu ;eáhl ;nd f.k .uka lsru S ckdêm;sjrhdg yeuodu;a l< yels fohla fkdfõ'
;siai ú;drKf.a foaYmd,k úiÿï fhdackdj,sh o lsis od t<solajk tlla fkdjk nj wdKavqjg iyfhda.h olajk fou< cd;sl ixúOdkj,g o oeka wjfndaO ú we;s w;r Tjqkag o oeka wdKavqj flf¾ meje;s úYajdih ì`o jefgñka mj;S'
YS% ,xldfõ foaYmd,k m%pKav;ajh - 3
foaYmd,k jYfhka l+fgdamdhkays fl< meñKsfhl= jk ckdêm;sjrhd;a Tyqf.a WmfoaYl msrsi;a fuu ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj fyd`oska ksrSlaIKh lr we;s nj fmfka' tfyhska ;j jirla folla hk úg wdKavqfõ fuu fndre udhdj fyd`oska t<sfjk fyhska Bg fmr ish Pkao is;shu t
úfYaIfhka u uyckhd hqoaOfha kdufhka fu;rï l,la bjid isá ;u m’vkhka ;jÿrg;a bjid isákq ke;s nj nj md,lhskag f;afrk oskh jeä wE;l fkdjkq we;'
fuys fojeks fldgi miq.sh l,dmfha m, úh
- ,hk,a fndamf.a -
3'4 rdcHfha m%;spdrh iy m%;s-m%;spdr foaYmd,k m%pKav;ajh mj;sk iudc wd¾Ól rgdjg yd rfÜ foa Y md,k wdh;khka g nrm;, wNs f hda . hla t,a, lr ;sfí'tfyhska wkqm%dma;sl wdKavq ks;ru jdf.a yÈis kS;s ;;a;ajh hgf;a rg md,kh lr ;sfí' rch tys úreoa O jd§ka wl¾ukH ls Í ug yd wmlS¾;sahg m;a lsÍug uD. m%;s -ysxik uQf,damdhka fhod .kq ,en ;sfí' tfia u th tys úreoaOjd§kaf.a lKavdhï yd l,a,s rcfha me;a;g Èkd .ekSu i|ydrdcH jrm%ido yd øjHuh Èß .ekaùï o fhdod .kq ,en ;sfí' idudkHfhka rdcHh ck;dj fn§ug yd jHdl+, lsÍug W;a;ujd§ yd cdf;Hdakaudojd§ u;jdohka Wmfhda.S lr f.k ;sfí' wkqm%dma;sl wdKavq uyd mßudK mokula u; ckmolrKh lr f.k .sfha h' Tjqkaf.a iïm%odhsl fou< m% f oa Y hhs i,lk N+ ñ fhys is x y,hs k a úYd, m% u dKhla mÈxÑ lrkq ,nk fyhs k a fuu fhda c kd l% u j,g fou< lKa v dhï úfrda O h mEy' rch YS% ,xldj talSh rgls" tys mqrjeishkag Tjqka wfmalaId lrk mßÈ
´kEu m%foaYhlg ksoyfia .uka l< yels h" wjYH kï we;eï ckhska jvd ksIamdokSh m%foaYhkays w¨f;ka mÈxÑ lrkakg mq`Mjk hk u;h orhs' Tjqka úreoa O jka f ka mq o a . ,hka jYfhka ixl%uKh ùug fkdj m%foaYfha jd¾.sl ixhq;sh fjkia lsÍfï wruqfKka lrk wdKavqfõ uyd mßudK ckmolrK fhda c kd l% u hka g muKla nj hhs fou< lKavdhï m%;spdr olaj;s' 1983 cd;sjd§ ler,s flda,dy,j,ska miq wdKavj q talh S rdcHhlg mlaImd;S ùug Èjqreï §u m%;l s f a Iam lrk ´kEu mlaIhla md¾,sfïka;f = jka neyer lsÍfï kS;s f.k taug läkï úh' fuh ienE f,iu W;=f¾ yd kef.kysr fou< ck;djf.a Pkaoh §fï whs;h s wysñ lsÍula o ie,lsh hq;= wkaoñka m%cd;ka;j % d§ fou< úreoaO md¾Yjh ÿ¾j, yd yqfol,d lsÍula o úh' fuh tf,iu fou< igkaldó jHdmdrhg kj n|jd .ekSï i|yd ire ìula o iemhS h' 1980 .Kkaj, w. Nd.fha t,aààBh m%uL q fou< igkaldó lKavdhu f,i u;= wdfõ h'
t,a à àBh tl mq o a . ,fhl= úis k a kdhl;ajh fok ,o foaYh S yd úfoaY.; fou< m% c djka f .a mq ` M,a iyfhda . hla nqla;s ú¢k ikakoaO lKavdhula
f,i .=Kdx.SlrKh úh' th Èú ms§fï ixialD;shla mj;ajd .;a w;r iudka;r wdKa v q j la mj;a j d .ks ñ ka ia j hx kS¾K whs;sh fjkqfjka fmkS isáfha h' ;sïmq uQ,O¾u u; mokïj fou< B,ug úl,a m hla imhk f,i th È.ska È.gu b,a,d isáfha h' w;S;fha t,aààBh oq¾j, lsÍu fyda yqfol,d lsßu i|yd Bg tfrysj Èh;a lrk ,o wkql%ñl hqoaO iy m%;sm;a;s yeu úgu wdmiq lerl=fKa th ;j ÿrg;a Yla;su;a lrñks' flfia jqj o hqoaOfha j;auka wÈhr rcfha wdrlaIl yuqod ie,lsh hq;= uÜgulska t,aààBh ÿ¾j, lr ;sfí' 1953 y¾;d,fha is g 1980 uy jev j¾ckh olajd o 1956 —i;H.%y˜ wr., Tiafia o 70 .Kkaj, fmdÿ foaYmd,k jev Tiafia o 1972 jHjia:djg tfrys úfrdaO;d ls%hdfjys§ o 80 .Kkaj, isg ue;sjrK m%pKav ls%hd j,§ o fmkakqï lr we;s mßÈ hqla;sh yd iudk;ajh i|yd jk ´kEu b,a , S u lg rdcH m%;spdrh ù we;af;a u¾okh hs'
4' ;reK ckhd /äl,alrKh ùu m% u dKj;a foa Y md,k yd wd¾Ól ixj¾Okfha o" wd¾Ól m%;s,dN
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
yd ;SrKd;aulj nef`oa' lsisu fldkafoaishla kE hk m%ldY wdKavqfõ foaYmd,k{hska yd wdKavqjg lfâ hk úoaj;=ka hk fofldgi u lrkq ,nk mÜgm,a fndre h'
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jvd;a ler,s .i;s' 1948 isg YS% ,xldj m%Odk jYfhka tys ;reKhka úiska fufyhjk ,o foaYmd,k ysxikh wvx.= lr .;a m%Odk ler,s ;=kla w;a oel ;sfí' fuu ler,sj,g Wmldrl jQ yd odhl jQ fndfyda iudc" wd¾Ól iy foaYmd,k ;;a;ajhka YS% ,xldõ ;reK mrïmrdfõ úúO tfy;a jeo.;a yd bgq fkdlrk ,o wfmalI a djka úoyd oela ùh' 1970 .Kkaj, isg iudk iudc-wd¾Ól miq ì ï j,s k a meñKs is x y, yd fou< ;reK mrïmrdj
we;=<; yd w;r fuu /äl,alrKfha yd mrdfrdamKfha È.=jla we;s lf
cúfmys yd t,aààBfha j¾Okh fuu iudc-wd¾Ól" foaYmd,k yd ixialD;sl idOl úiska r`.mdk ,o N+ñldj wjOdrKh lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Tjqkaf.a by< yd jefvk ú/lshdjg iykhla fia oelsh yels úh'
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iudc" wd¾Ól yd foaYmd,k Ôú;hg ls%hdldÍj iyNd.s ùfï wjia:djkaf.a wvq j mj;s k iudc- foa Y md,k yd u;jd§ ;;a;ajh;a tys yr moaO;Skq;a m%Yak lsÍug mgka .;a ;reK ckhd w;r m%;sm,hla jYfhka fkdi;=gg u. mdok w;Hka; wd;;s ;;a;ajhkag u. mE§ h' fuu úIh uQ,l ;;a;ajh úma,ùh fjkil wjYH;dj ufkdauQ, jYfhka wjfnda O lr .eks u lrd Tjqka fufyh ùh' iudc" wd¾Ól yd foaYmd,k fjkila y÷kajd §fuys yd Tjqkaj wka;¾.%yKh lr .ekSfuys,d jQ md,l m%N+ ;ka;%fha wiu;a Ndjh ;reK ckhdf.a nyq;rh mrdfrdamKh lf
Tjqkaf.a wd¾Ól" foaYmd,k ixialD;sl whs ; S k a f.a fida o d md¨jg tfrys j ler,s .id ;sfí' fuu foa Y md,k m% p Ka v ;a j h rfÜ ;reK mrïmrdfõ ixia:dmk úfrdaë ufkda N djhka ks f hda c kh lf
cúfmys yd t,a à àBfha j¾Okh fuu iudc-wd¾Ól" foa Y md,k yd ixialD;sl idOl úiska r`.mdk ,o N+ñldj wjOdrKh lf
fhdoñka cúfm yd t,aààB hk fol u u¾okh lf
ld;khg ,la lr mkakd oukq ,eîug u. mE§ h ^wñ¾§ka 2006&' 2002 wdKavqj yd t,aààBh w;r igka úrdu .súiqu ld,h ;=< t,aààBh yd YS% ,xld uqi, a ï s fldx.%ih w;r wjfndaO;d .súiqula w;aika flßK' idu l;d ny mej;s ld,h ;=< uqia,sïjrekag tfrys tys ls%hd iïnkaOfhka iudj Nckh l, t,a à àBh uq i a , s ï jre Tjqkaf.a u wkkH;djla we;s fjku m%cdjla jk nj ms<s.;a w;r ´kEu wkd.; idlÉPdjl§ Tjq k a f .a m, m%fhdack ksfhdackh lsÍug Tjqkag we;s whs;h s o ms<. s ;af;a h ^The Sunday Times 2002&' bka wk;= r ej fï tl`.;djo ì| jegqKs' oeka uqia,sïjre Tjqkaf.a m,m%fhdack wdrlaId lsÍug jHjia : duh wdrla I djka yd n,h fn§ula wfmalaId lr;s' fuu ;;a;ajh uq i a , s ï ;reKhs k a /äl,a l rKhg Ndckh lr ;s f nk w;r Tjq k a o foaYmd,k m%pKav;ajfha udj; .ekSug bv ;sfnk nj fmfka' igkaldó ;reK jHdmdr rdcH iu. Tjqkf a .a we;s fkdi;=g yd fjkia ùu i|yd Tjqkf a .a we;s wdYdj foaYmd,k m%pKav;ajh Tiafia m%ldY lr we;' cúfj yd t,aààB hk fol u iudcjdofha yd cd;sljdofha ñY% u;jdohlg fmaù we;' rdcHh Tjqkaf.a fmdÿ i;=rd h" flfia jqj o Tjqkaf.a jevjiï w;S;fha YS% úN+;Skaf.a cd;sljd§ foaYmd,khg hg ùfuka Tjqyq tlsfkld ñ;=rka f,i
fkdj i;=rka f,i ÿgy'
4'1 ol=fKa /äl,alrKh cúfmys uQ,hka yeg .Kkaj, ueo olajd Èfõ' iuiiudc-fldñhqksiaÜ-utfm jdudxYsl tlai;a fmruqfKa fldgia 1964 § OfkaYajr foaYmd,k mlaI yd iïnkaO jQy' jdudxYsl tlai;a fmruqK úiska we;s l< ßla;h msrùu i|yd kj —jHdmdrh˜ cúfm fmrg meñKsfha h' cúfm mqj;am;a m%ldYhg m;a lrñka " ryis.; foaYmd,k mx;s yd újdo mj;ajñka" YsIH ix.ï Pkaoj,§ ;r. lrñka" tys iydhl moku mj;ajd .ekS u g Ys I H j¾ck fufyhjñka w¾O ryis.;j jev lf
cúfm isxy, cd;sljdofha yd udlaiajd§ u;jdofha ñY%Khla ksfhdackh lrhs' tys cd;s l jd§ uQ , h w;S ; is x y, rdcOdksj, ft;sydisl YS% úN+;sh u; r|d mj;shs' thg —ud;D N+ñh˜ wdrlaId lsÍu u.ska isxy, fn!oaO ixialD;sl wkkH;dj úoyd oela úh yels yd ngysr ixialD;sl mßydksh ksfYaOkh l< yels talSh rdcHhla uqÿka muqKqjd .kakg Wjukd h' tfy;a Tjqkaf.a iudcjdoh ms<sn| woyi fidamdydikSh f,i hg;a úð; ks¾udKhla jk talSh rdcHfha wdrlaIdj fjkqfjka tys we;s lemùu u.ska Wm.%yKh lr ;sfí' cúfm ol=fKa ;reK ckhd id¾:l f,i n,uq`M .ekaùug iu;a ù ;sfí' tfy;a uQf,damdhsl yd Wml%ñl jerÈ
lr ;s f í' th fojrla uD. f,i u¾okh lrk ,o kuq;a h<s ixúOdkh ùug yd tys flaka§%h fhduqj mx;sfhka cd;s l jdohg udre lrñka m% d Kj;a ùug iu;aj ;sfí' 1971 m
w;r isxy," fou< yd bx.S%is odhsfka cd;sl NdId f,i ms<s.;af;a h ^cúfm 1978&' tfia u th fou< yd uqia,sï ckhd i|yd —ienE iudk wjia:djka ie,iSu yd iajhx md,kh˜ fmdfrdkaÿ úh'flfia jqj o 1983 l`M cQ,s l, flda , dy,j,g Tka k fuka k ls h d ;sìh§ fï m%;m s ;a;s w;a yer oeó h' bkaÿ ,xld .súiqug tfrys 1980 .Kkaj, w. Nd.fha Tjqkaf.a wr.,h —foaYfm%aó˜ úfrdaO;djkag yd j¾ckj,g iyNd.s ùu m% ; s l a f Ia m ls Í u iïnka O fhka lï;rejka yd foaYmd,k úreoaOjd§ka ÿisï .Kkla rel="nofollow">d;kh lr oukq ,eîug u. mE§ h' cúfm oeka l=uk wdldrfha n, fn§ulg jQj È.ska È.g u oeä fia úreoaO jk isxy, cd;sljd§ mlaIhla njg msßyS ;sfí - ^u;= iïnkaOhs&
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
idOdrKj fn§fï yd idOdrK wjia:djkaf.a o wvqj ;reK ckhdf.a /äl,a l rKh i|yd jk w;HjYH ;;a;ajhka iemhS h' i¾jck Pkaoh iy Pkaoh §fï jhi wvq lsÍu l%shdldÍ foa Y md,khg iyNd.s ùug ;reK ckhdg wjldY ie,iSh' 1945 § y÷kajd ÿka ksoyia wOHdmkh yd wOHDmkh ,eîfï udOHh foaYSh NdIdjkag udre lsÍu Wiia wOHdmk wjia:djkaf.a jHdma ; s h g u. mE§ h' fuh .% d óh ;reK ckhdg idor wiajeis,a,la yd
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Y%S ,xldfõ mqj;am;aj,ska ishhg 50 lg jeä m%udKhla m%jD;a;s ,nd .ekSu msKi s Ndú;d lrkafka tla uQ,dY%hla muKs' udOHfõ§kaf.a wdpdr O¾u .ek wjfndaOhla we;af;a furg udOHfõ§kaf. ka wvlg muKs ' udOHfõoS k a f .a wdpdrO¾u ud,dfõ msgm;la ;ud i;=j we;s udOHfõÈka isákafka ishhg 11la muK h' fuys i`oyka lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
fuhska meyeÈ,s jkafka YS% ,xldfõ udOH Ndú;h iïnkaOj uyck fiajd jákdlï mßydkshg m;afjñka mj;sk njhs ' Bg fya ; = idOl f,i fndfyda udOHfõ§ka m%ldYlr isákafka foaYmd,k wjYH;d" jdksc lrKh iy mqoa.,sl ysñldß;ajh idOkSh f,i udOH yeisrùu fufia , rel="nofollow">qùug n,md we;s nj h'
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mSÉ ^PIECH& m¾fhaIK uOHia:dkh weußldfõ ck udOH iïnkaOj uE;lÈ l< wOHhkhl§ fy<s j Q f;dr;= r e lsysmhla o fuys i`oyka l< yels h' trg Èkm;d mqj;am;aj, lshfjk foa ms<sn`o weußldkqjkaf.ka ishhg 45la ;=< lsisu úYajdihla ke;' o ksõfhdala ghsïia mdGlhkaf.ka ishhg 21 ;uka lshjk ish¨ foa úYajdi lrk w;r ishhg 14 la lsisjla u úYajdi fkdlr;s' fï w;r o ksõfhdala ghsïia m;%h miq .sh jir ;=< ksjerÈ lsÍï 3200 la m< fldg we;' fï ;;a;ajfhka f.dv tau msKsi .; hq;= ls%hdud¾.h f,i tu m;%fha m%Odk l¾;D ì,a fl,¾ m%ldY lrkafka ku fy<sorõ fkdlrk uQ,dY% Ndú;h iSud
mYapd;a hqo iufha YS% ,xldfõ iudc foaYmd,k yev .eiau ;=< idOkSh fjkialï rdYshla we;s úh hq;= njg ck iudch ;=< wfmalaIdjla fuka u b,a,d isàula o olskakg ;sfí' ish¨ úkdYhka yd fÄojdplhka w;S;hg
m%Yakhla njg m;a fjñka ;sfí' th tfia ùug m%n, fya;=jla jkafka udOH ksoyi yd foaYmd,k n,h ;=< mj;sk iyiïnka O ;djhs ' mj;a k d iudc ika o ¾Nh ;= < n,h ks i el f,iu úfõpkh msgq olS' Bg tfrysj lsh % d;aul fõ' yeu úgu úmlaIh udOHhg fmï n£' n,h i|yd hk .ufka Yla;su;a ierháhla njg udOH m;a lr .ekSu n,h wysñ lKavdhfï wfmalaIdjhs'
,xldj udOHfõ§kayg ish jD;a;sh bgq ls Í u i|yd b;du;a wjodkï rgla yeáhg ye¢kaùu .ek o hula lsj hq;= h' fujeks wNd.H iïmkak
Ndr fldg kj hym;a iudchla iy;sl lr .ekSu Wfoid ck udOHj,g mejfrk j.lSu w;s úYd, h' tfy;a tjeks j.lSul msysgd lghq;= lsÍug lsisÿ iQodkula ,xldfõ udOH ;=<ska úoHudk fkdfõ' udOH u¾okh yd udOH ksoyi Wfoid jk wkjr; wr.,h furg iod;ksl
rejkag ke;' >Dcq tä;r udOHfõ§ka fjf;d;a Tjqkaj u¾okhg mdr lmkq ,nkafka hg lS —ifydaor˜ udOHfõ§ka msßi úisks' Tjqyq ,dN m%fhdack wfmalaIdfjka fuu ks¾,Êð; mdjd §fuys fhfo;s' udOHfõ§kag furg wjodkï ìï lvla nj mejiSu tla w;lg uqidjls' uka o furg udOH lafIa;%fha kshq;= m%uqLhska fndfyda msßia is;a fia rc fndcqka j<|ñka ;=gq mygqj fhfyka osú f.jk nj mdGlhskag ryila fkdjk fyhsks' foa Y md,{fhda " foa Y md,k mla I " wdKavq t;s' h;s' tfy;a udOH fmkS is á h hq ; a f ;a rfÜ;a ckldjf.a ; a wdrlaIdj yd wjYH;d fjkqfjks' ta i|yd Yla;su;a fld\q weg fuka u >Dcq wdpdr O¾u moaO;s yd úkh udOH lafIa;%h ;=< ls%hd;aul úh hq;= h' hqoaOh mej;s miq.sh fojirl ld,h ;=< furg udOHj, Ndú;dj iïnkaOj iunr úfõpk fyda w.ehSï olakg fkdù h' mej;sfha .eUqre ksye`ähdjls' ;,a fld
;;a;ajhla we;s ù ;sfí kï Bg m%:u j.W;a;rlrejd jkafka o furg fndfyda udOHfõ§kaf.a lsh % dldß;ajh hs' wo rg ;=< mj;skafka cq.=maidckl udOH ixialD;shls' foaYmd,k n,j;=kf a .a yd ¥Is; mqoa.,hkaf.a kHdh m;% yd ´kE tmdlï wkqj mEk yeisr ùu ms<sn|j lsiu s ysßls;hla nyq;rhla ck udOHl-
W;=re wh¾,ka;fha yd ol=Kq wm%sldfõ .egqïldÍ ;;a;ajhka jd¾;d lsÍfuka w;a oelSï ,o î'î'iS udOHfõÈfhl= fuka u rejkavdfõ .egqï jd¾;d lsÍu fjkqfjka iïudkfhka msÿï ,o m¾,a fla k s ola j k woyia j ,g wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu uekjehs yef`.a' —mlaI.%dyS jd¾;dlrefjl=f.a ks.ukhg <`.d ùug wmg wjidk-
fha isÿ jqj o th mokï úh hq;af;a oekqu iy úuid ne,Su u; h' tla wfhla iyuq,ska u ÿIag jk w;r wfkld iyuq,skau hym;a hhs lshk ckudOH tl`.;dj iïnkaOfhka wm b;d mfriaiïúh hq;= h' fuh b;du uQ,sl iy ks i .fhka fmkS hk ldrKhla úh yels h' tfia kuq;a iajlSh wruqKq m%Yak lsÍug ck udOHfõ§ka olajk wleue;a; wmj ;s.eiaug m;a lrhs' wfma mx;sfha isák fndfyda fofkla iajhx ;Dma;shg o" iajhx iqúfYaISNdjhg o m;aj isá;s' th frda.hls' wkHhka újD; iy j.lsjhq;= úh hq;= hhs ck udOHfõ§ka jk wms b,a,d isáuq' tfy;a wfma u wvq mdvq .ek idlÉPd lsÍug fhdackdjQ úg wms l=ms; fjuq'
;ud w; jrola we;ehs ms<s .ekSug fndfyda fofkl= leu;s ke;' kuq;a tjeks t<s oelaùula ck udOHfha Ôj reêrh fõ' wyxldrh" iajhx ;Dma;sh" wdrlaIdldÍ ùu u.ska ck udOHfõ§ w¥ro¾YSNdjh we;s lrhs' wjidkfha § isÿ jkafka wm wfma u w.;Skaf.a m%siauh ;=<ska f,dalh n,kakg mqreÿ ùuhs' wm lsis Èfkl f,dalh wmg ´kE whqßka n,kakg mqreÿ fkdúh hq;= h' tfia u lsis fohla ta yeáhg úYajdi lrkak;a mqreÿ fkdúh hq;= h' u; yd m%jD;a;s meyeÈ,sj u fjka lr olskakg mqreÿ úh hq;= h'˜ wdrlaIl udOHfõ§ka jeä u msßila isák rg njg miq .sh hqo iufha ,xldj m;aj ;snqKs' wdrlaIl udOHfõ§kaf.a lsh % dldß;ajh fld;rï iqúfYaI; S djhla ks¾udKh lr ;snqfKa o h;a hqo mqj;a
jd¾;d l< we;euqka udOH wdh;k ;=< ì%f.aäh¾,d fuka yeisfr;ehs fpdaokd o t,a, úh' ,xldfõ wdrlaIl mqj;a jd¾;dlrKh yqfola ;s%úO yuqod iy fmd,Sish u; mokï jQ uQ,dY% flfrys muKla iSud ù ;sfí' th hqoaOh úiska u ;yjqre jQ ;;a;ajhls'
úfYaIfhka isxy, mqj;am;a ish,a, u mdfya ish jd¾;d i|yd mdol lr .kafka wdlaIl wxY imhk f;dr;=re muK h' isoê a hg wod< m%foaYfha ckhdf.ka ,nd .kakd f;dr;=re úuid jd¾;djg we;=<;a lsÍug Tjqka fm ld,Sk lK.dgqodhl weíneys ùuls' nyqúO uq,dY% weiqre lr .ekSu u.ska mqj;l úYajikShNdjh ;yjqre jkjd fuka u iudchg idOdrKh bgq lsßfï wjia:dj o ie,fia' wdh;k.; ¥IK jxpd fy<s orõ lsÍu ,xldfõ udOH úIh lafIa;h % g we;=<;a m%uL q ;d ,ehsi; a f = õ ;=kj a k ia:dkh ysñ lr .kakd neúka ;j;a tla lreKla muKla fuys wjidk jYfhka i\yka lrñ' 2006 jif¾ ,xldfõ o< cd;sk wdodhu remsh,a ì,shk 2939 ls' tu jif¾ rdcH fmdÿ foam< ldrl iNdfõ ^COPE& jd¾;djg wkqj rdcH wdh;k 36 l isÿù we;s uq,H jxpdj remsh,a ì,shk 2100 ls' rglg Tfrd;a;= fkdfok fï id úYd, uqo,a jxpdjla isÿjk rgl fï úm; oekqj;a lsÍu Wfoid udOH bgq l< jev fldgila ke;s ;rï h' ck udOHj, fuu Ndú;dj o furg iudc wd¾Ól mßydks h g rel=,laj ;sfí
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ks j erÈ yd w.;s f hka f;dr f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lsÍug ,xldfõ udOH wiu;a jk neõ furg udOHfõ§kaf.ka ishhg 87la úYaajdi lr;s' furg udOH lasishï lKavdhï flfrys mCI.% d yS neõ Y% S ,xldfõ udOHfõ§kaf.ka ishhg 80 la úYajdi lr;s'
ks
lsÍu yd lreKq jYfhka jerÈ wvq lr .ekSu;a m%jD;a;s yd u; w;r meyeÈ,s fjkila mj;ajd .ekSu;a flfrys bÈß ld,h ;=< o ghsïia igka jÈk nj h' tfy;a mdGl úYajdih ì| jeàu flfrys mqj;a mf;a md,kfhka f;dr idOl fndfyduhla mj;sk nj fyf;u olajhs'
Y%S ,xldfõ udOH Ndú;h
Wfoaks iukal=udr
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ta'ã'mS' r;akdhl
zzkQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh ish¿u wdKavq l%uhka w;ßka wju krl tl fjhsZZ' - úkaikaÜ p¾Ñ,a ú kaikaÜ p¾Ñ,a wmg kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdofha whkak wdhkak lshjQ ì%;dkHfha ysgmq w.ue;s jrfhls' f,da iqm;," lD;yia; foaYmd,k{fhl= jYfhka kQ;k m%cdk;a;%jdoh .ek Tyqf.a ks.ukhg wkqj f,dalfha úúO wdKavql%u mj;S fyda mej;sks' tajd wvq jeä jYfhka krl tajd fjhs' tajdhska wvqu krl tl kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jd§ wdKavq l%uhhs' krlu wdKavql%uhl isg wju krl m%cd;ka;%jd§ wdKavql%uhla lrd wdKavql%u úldYh jQfha l=uk mokula u; o" udkj b;sydih mqrd wdKavql%u mej;=fka o" bÈßhg;a mj;skafka o úuid ne,Su jeo.;a h' l%s' mQ' 10"000 § werôkehs ms<s.efkk kj Ys,d hq.fha wjidk wjêfha § iudcfha ixúOdk iajrEmh jQfha f.da;%hhs' zziEu f.da;%hlgu kdhlfhl= isá w;r Tyq ish f.da;%fha ck;djg lDIsld¾ñl lghq;=" f,day jev" jvq jev yd frÈ úùu jeks Ys,am jeä ÈhqKq lr .ekSu i|yd ys;lr jd;djrKhla f.dv k.d .ekSug kdhl;ajh ÿkafkahZZ ^î' ù' rdfjda& w;a±lSï nyq, fÊHIaGhkaf.a Wmfoia iy uÕ fmkaùï ms<s.ekSu iïm%odh iy isß; jQ w;r f.da;%h zmd,khz lrkq ,enQfha tuÕska muKs' wd¾hhka bkaÈhdjg meñKSfuka wdrïNjk ffjÈl YsIaGdpdrfha uq,a wjêfha § wd¾h f.da;% ;=< o fmr i|yka ,laIK mej;suq;a ia:djr mÈxÑ ùu;a" ksIamdokh mq¿,a ùu;a" ksrka;r f.da;s%l wr.,;a ksid miq wjêfha f.da;%fha ixúOdk jHqyh fjkilg n÷ka ù n%dyauK" laI;%sh" ffjYH yd Y=ø l=, l%uh mokñka mx;s úIu;d we;s fjkakg we;ehs î' ù" rdfjda lshhs' fï l%uh ;=< kS;s mekùu rcq o kS;s l%shd;aul lsÍu idudðlhka iy iydhlhka o u.ska isÿ ù we;' flfia jqj o iq¿;rhla jQ fï msßi Okj;a m%N+ mx;shg wh;a jQ w;r Tjqkaf.a wêldrh l%shd;aul jQfha Okh
kQ;k hqfrdamSh YsIaGdpdrfha moku jQ mqrdK .%Sisfha fï mßj¾;kh isÿjkafka bkaÈhdjg jvd fjkia wdldrhlsks' .%Sl iudch m%N+ka" ksoyia ñksiqka iy jy¨ka jYfhka mx;s ;=klska iukaú; úh' zmqrjeishkaZ f,i i,lkq ,enQ m%N+ka iq¿;rhla Pkao n,fhka Tjqkaf.ka fldgila kS;s iïmdokh" l%shd;aul lsÍu iy wêlrK n,h iys; zuKav,hgZ ksfhdað;hka f,i f;dard m;alrkq ,eìK' ksoyia jeishka" jy¨ka iy ldka;djkag lsisÿ whs;shla fkd;snqks' Demos + cracy - ^mqrjeishd ¬ md,kh& Democraey fyj;a m%cd;ka;%jdoh f,i tu fm!r rdcH md,kh w¾: ±laùug mqrjeis mx;shgu wh;a .S%l od¾Ysklhka W;aiql ùu wyUq isÿúula fkdfõ' kq;k m%cd;ka;%jdofha jHqyuh ,CIK jq jHjia:dodhlh" úOdhlh iy wêlrKho" md¾,sfïka;= ksfhdað;hka" ckaoh" ue;sjrK wd§ wfkla ,CIK o we;Ekaia m%cd;ka;%jdofhka Wlyd f.k miqld,Skj 15 jk ishjfika miq isÿjq iudc - wd¾Ól úm¾hdihkaf.a m%;sM,hla ksid fmdaIKh jq nj fmfka' .S%l fm!r rdcHhkaf.a mßydksh ^ls%( mq( 4 jk ishji ueo& iuÕ m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| ixl,amh b;sydifha ieÕj hñka taldêm;s
rc" m%;srdcjre fyda wdKavqldr jre" weu;s ukav," hqO fiakdjka" nJOkd.dr iy ks,OdÍka wd§kaf. ka iukaú; jQ rdcdKavq iajrEmfha rdcHh u;= úh' uOHld,Sk hq.h fyj;a ro<jdofha hq.h wjika ù kQ;k hq.h fyj;a Okjdofha hq.h Wodfj;au rdcHh b;sydifha ieÕj ;snQ m%cd;ka;%jd§
;=k h' m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| meyeÈ,s lsÍï rdYshla we; o tys wvx.= uQ,sl isoaOdka;hka folla ms<sn| fmdÿ tlÕ;djhla mj;S' 1' ish¿u mqrjeishka md,k n,fhka fyì fkdjqk o ta i|yd Tjqkg iudk m%fõYhka we;' 2'
ish¿u mqrjeishka kS;Hdkql+, ksoyi iy iajdëk;ajh N=la;s ú¢;s'
fï uQ,sl isoaOdka;hka wkqj jHjia:dms; m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;=< ;sìh hq;= m%Odk ,CIK'
ixl,amh bÈßhg .ksñka ta wkqj iuQy wdKavq" uyck iuQy wdKavq" wd§ úúO yevhka ;=<ska bÈßhg .uka lr we;' fufia úldYh jQ kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jd§ wdKavq l%uhkaf.a uQ,sl wdldr ;=kls'
1' ue;sjrK" 2' foaYmd,k mlaI" 3' i¾jck Pkao n,h' 4' nyq;r Pkaofhka ;SrK .ekSu 5' iq¿;rfha whs;Ska wdrlaId lsÍu" 6' iajdëk wêlrKh" 7' uQ,sl isú,a whs;Ska wdrlaId lsÍu" 8' jHjia:dms; l%shdj,shla uÕska wdKavq l%ufha ´kEu wxYhla fjkia lsÍfï yelshdj
1'
hk tajd h'
2'
3'
we;Ekaia jeks l=vd rdcHj, ish¿ zmqrjeishkaZf.a iyNd.S;ajfhka l%shd;aul jQ iDcq m%cd;ka;%jdoh' ck.ykh j¾Okh ùu ksid /iaùfï wmyiq;djh mek ke.=fkka f;dard.;a ksfhdað;hka uÕska l%shd;aul jQ ksfhdað; m%cd;ka;%jdoh' zzksfhdað; m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;=, CIKsl nyq;rh iq¿;rhg ydkshla we;s l< yels m%;sm;a;Ska l%shd;aul lSÍfï yelshdj ieuúgu mj;sk ^maf,afgda& fyhska fuu ÿ¾j,;djh uÕ yerùu i|yd mqoa.,sl fyda iduQysl whs;Ska iy;sl flfrk j.ka;s jHjia:dms; lsÍu uÕska nyq;rfha yeisÍu md,kh lsÍu i|yd jk jHjia:dms; m%cd;ka;%jdoh hkq ta wdldr
tfy;a m%cd;ka;%jdofha uQ,sl isoaOdka; fldf;la ÿrg m%dfhda. sl ±hs fndfyda úoaj;a;= m%%Yak lr;s' n¾kdâ fIda lshkafka zm%cd;ka;%jdoh" ÿ¾j,hka fndfyda fokd f.a Pkaoh uÕska ¥Is;hka ál fofkl= m;a lsÍug j. n,d .kSZ lshd h' ÿ¾j," wNd.H iïmkak jeä fokdg ^idudkH fmdÿ ck;djg& zn,h i|yd iudk m%fõYhka tkï f;dard m;alsÍug fyda f;dard m;a lrkq ,eîug we;s whs;sh jHdc tlla nj;a th yqfola ¥Is;hka ál fofkl= f;dardm;a lsÍfï whs;shla muKla nj;a Tyqf.a m%ldYfhka woyia fjhs' Y%S ,xldfõ jvd;au isÿjk mßÈ" f;aÍm;a jQ uka;%Sjre úmCIfha isg jrm%ido fjkqfjka wdKavqjg tl;=ùu
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
m%cd;ka;%jdofha Ndú; h:d¾:h
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue 12
iy ;rd;sru wysñ zzuyd uejqïlref.aZ fom;=f,ka ìys jQ˜ Y=øhka u; nj meyeÈ,sh' fuh iïm%odh iy isß;a uÕska muKla fufyh jQ merKs f.da;%sl ixúOdk jHqyhg jvd yd;amiskau fjkia zmx;suhZ jHqyhls' tys iajrEmh Bgu wdfõKsl zrdcdKavqjZ úh' tu rdcdKavqj,g o ,sÅ; jHjia:d fkd;snQ w;r n%dyauK idys;Hfha wka;¾.; iQ;% uÕska md,lhskag uÕ fmkaúK'
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flfia jqj o Okj;a m%N+ka úiska jy¨ka iy ldka;djka we;Ekaia m%cd;ka;%jdofhka neyer l,dla fuka kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdofhka idudkH ck;dj neyer l< fkdyels ù we;' ksIamdokh fkdje,elaúh yels f,i iudÔh ùfï §" wo úfYaIfhka f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh tu ld¾h w;s fõ.j;a lr we;s úfgl ck;dj úêud;% m%cd;ka;%jdofhka Tíng hdu ld,h ms<sn| m%Yakhla muKls'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
i¾jck Pkao whs;sfha iudÔh jákdlu md¾,sfïka;= fj<|fmd, ;=, yqjudre jákdlula njg m;alsÍuls' tkï úlsKSuls' fuh ziy;sl lr we;s whs;shZ wdmiq kskaÈ; f,i fld,a,lEuls' ue;s weu;sjrekaf.a ¥IK iy w,a,ia .ekSu o i¾jck Pkao whs;sh úlsKSuls' tjeks wjia:dj,§ Tjqka ,nd.kakd zjákdluZ woDIHudkh' W!k m%d.aOkh iys; wfma jeks rgj, rdcH foam< fld,a,lEu iy w,a,ia .ekSu uÕska m%d.aOk W!k;djh msßuid .ekSu jHdmdßl fCIa;%fha foaYmd,kh ù we;'
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kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| .eUqre iy ±ä úfõpkhla udlaiajdoh úiska t,a, lrkq ,nhs' wd¾Ól wiudk;djh jdia;úl jQ Okjd§ iudchl foaYmd,k wiudk;djh wksjd¾h h' ta wkqj kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh fyj;a zOkjd§ m%cd;ka;%jdohZ" b;du;a oshqKq m%cd;ka;%jd§ rgl jqjo úêud;% m%cd;ka;%jdohla ñi ck;djg jdia;úl m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy;sl lsÍug wfmdfydi;a ù we;' i;H jYfhka mj;sk foa iy jHjia:dms; iajrEmfhka mj;sk foa w;r m%;súfrdaOh úiska fmdÿ jYfhka m%cd;ka;%jdofha w¾nqoh W;aikak lrhs' udkj whs;ska fjkqfjka y`v k.k f,dj m%uqL m%cd;ka;%jdÈ rg jq weußldj .=jkakkdfuda isrlojqf¾ /oúhkag ie,l= ïf,aÉP wdldrh weußldkq m%cd;ka;%jdofha zjdia;úlZ iajrEmh ukdj fmkakqï lrhs' jev j¾ck" Woaf>daIK iy
úfrdaO;d fm<md,s ixúOdkh lsÍfï zksoyiZ jHjia:dms;j iy;sl lr we;' tfy;a mSä; ckfldgia tu ksoyi m%dfhda.slj Wr.d n,kakg W;aidy ork wjia:dj, zuyck iduh lvlsÍfïz fpdaokd hgf;a tajd u¾okh lsÍug wjYH w;=re wK mk;a ´kEu m%cdk;a;%jd§ jHjia:djl wvx.= fjhs' th ksoyfia ysig by<ska kQ,l t,a,k ,o wism;la n÷h' ;ukaf.au w¾: ±laùï wkqj hñka md,lhka tu kQ, ´kEu fudfyd;l lmd oukq we;' 1976 § wd¾Ól úoHdj ms<sn| fkdfn,a ;Hd.,dNS weußldkq wd¾Ól úoHd{ ñ,agka *%Sâuka ck;dj jeo.;a m%Yak .ek ±kqj;a ke;s kuq;a fkdjeo.;a iq¿ m%Yak .ek jqjo w.;s.dó woyia ±Íu m%cd;ka;%jdofha .eg¿jla hhs mjihs' idfmaCIj ck;djf.a ±kqfï by< uÜgu m%cd;ka;%jd§ Ndú;hg w;HjYH fldkafoaishls' tfy;a tu ±kqu imhk m%Odk udOHhka jHdmdßl uQ,O¾u u; f.dvke.=k tajd ysñlrejkaf.a Wjukdjka wkqj zksoyiZ hyñka N=la;s ú¢ñka zu;Z ksIamdokh lrk jHdmdr h' jHdc fya;= u;" tajd jHdc nj fy<sorõ ù ;sìh §;a weußldj iy ì%;dkH brdlh wdl%uKh lrk úg îîiS h tu wdl%uKh idOdrKSlrKh lf
,xldfõ foaYmd,k b;sydih foi ne,SfïoS md¾,sfïka;+ zzm%cd;ka;%jdoSZZ foaYmd,k wdh;khka ;=< ia;%S ksfhdackh b;du;a my< wähl mj;sk nj yd ;ju;a th tfiau jk nj meyeos,s i;Hhls' rgla f,i .;a l, YS% ,xldj tys foaYmd,k l%shdoduh ;=< ia;%S ksfhdackh jeä lsÍu Wfoid lsisu Wkkaÿjla fkdolajhs' tfy;a wm rg ish`tu m%cdjf.a isú,a yd foaYmd,k whs;sjdislï ms<sn`o cd;Hka;r iïuq;shg^ICCPR) tl`.j l%shd lsÍug 1998 § w;aika lr we;' tfy;a ish`tu mqreI n, wêldrhka mj;ajdf.k hñka " udkj úfrdaë wej;=ï mej;=ï fjkia lsÍu Wfoid jk Okd;aul m%úIaGhka iy m%{ma;Ska fkd;ld yßñka yd u¾okh lrñka foaYmd,k n,h ia:dms; fjñka hhs'
Y%S
Kh lrhs' tf,i m%cd;ka;%jdofha uq,O¾u tysu Ndú;hg tfrysj ke.s isà' kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh f,dj zwjidk wdKavq l%uhZ nj olajk ;j;a ud;jdohls' tfy;a udlaiajdoh b;d ;d¾lslj fmkajd fokafka j¾;udk Okjd§ iudc wd¾Ól l%uh lrd iudch ixj¾Okh ùfï§ ;j;a iudc wd¾Ól wjê lSmhla miqlr ú;a we;" th fN!;sl ksIamdokfha ixj¾Okh u; isÿ jQjls" ta wkqj j;auka OkjdÈ iudc wjêh w;S; wjê fukau h,a mek f.dia kj iudc wd¾Ól wjêhla lrd msúfikq we;" ta ta iudc wjê úiska tajdg WÑ; f,i f.dv k.d we;s rdcdKavq fyda iuQydKavq h,a mek .shd fiau kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh o iudc ixj¾Okh yuqfõ wj,x.= jkjd we;" kq;k m%cd;;a;%jdoh Okjdohg ,nd Èh yels by
YS% ,xldfõ foaYmd,k l%shdoduh ;=< ia;s%h lsishï ld¾hNdrhlg Wr§ isáh o foaYmd,k n,h i`oyd jk md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKj,g bÈßm;a ùu i`oyd iaa;%sh m%udKj;a whqßka ueÈy;a jkafka ke;' ia;s%h ms<sn`o iudc h:d¾:h jkafka mj;sk f.da,Sh yd foaYSh iudc wd¾Ól yd foaYmd,k mqreI hdka;%Kfha w;fld¨jla njg weh m;a lrf.k isàu iy weh thg f.dÿrej isàu hs' fuu ;;ajhka foi mshú isysfhka tkï úpCIKYS,S whqßka n,k" ia;%S oDIaáfldakhlska n,k msßila o j¾Okhù we; ' fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< fmdÿfõ .;a l, ia;%sh ;udju foaYmd,k wj;lafiarejlg ,la lrf.k l,a .; lrkq úkd —hy iudchla Wfoid jk foaYmd,k n,h ;=< ksfhdackh ùu ms<sn`o bfígu fhduq jkafka ke;s fyhska ta i`oyd wjOdrKh lsÍula iy Èß.ekaùula wjYHh˜ hk ldrKh oekqj;a isú,a iudch wjOdrKhg ,la fkdlsÍu o n,j;a jrols' fmdÿfõ .;a l, ish`tu foaYmd,k l%shdOrhska ˜iudch fjkia
lsßu˜ hk ldrKh wjOdrKhg .;a; o ta ;=< yß wvla u fjkiafldg my;g ouk ,o fkdjeo.;a fia ie,flk ys;du;du tfia i,lk ,o fldÜGdYhla jk Zia;%shZ isák nj wu;l lr ouhs' mqreI oDIaá fldakfhka neyerj ta .ek fkdis;hs' ia;%shf.a ixj¾Okh ms<sn`o l%shdud¾.hla .ekSu ta .ek is;Su " ,sùu " wjOdrKh lsßu .eyeKshlgu Ndr§ug W;aidy lrhs' fuh mqreIhkag ;rï fkdjk l%shdjla fia is;hs' fnfyda m%.;sYS,S hhs lshd .kakd fldgia mjd l%shd lrkafka tf,i hs' Y%S ,xldfõ isú,a iudch ;=< foaYmd,kfha o ;;a;ajh fuh u fõ' fï nj ue;sjrK iuhhkaysÈ wehg fokq ,nk wvq fldagd m%udKfhka meyeÈ,s fõ' tmuKla fkdj ta ish¨ n,fõ.hla u uyckhd w;r ia;%S kdhl;ajh kxjd,Sug lsisÿ lghq;a;la isÿ fkdlrhs' Y%S ,xldfõ ue;sjrK foi uolg úuid n,k l, fï ;;a;ajh uekúka meyeÈ,s fõ' 1956 md¾,sfïk;= ue;sjrKfha§ f;aÍ m;ajQ ia;%S m%;sY;h 3 '2 la jQ w;r wjqreÿ 48lg miq;a tkï 2004 jk jg;a tys j¾Okh 4 '8la olajd muKla ùfuka fuu ;;a;ajh meyeÈ,s fõ ^ uQ,dY%h ue;sjrK m%;sixialrKh yd ia;%S foaYmd,k ksfhdað; iuq`tj - ia;%S ksfhdackh uek n,k o;a; uE;la jk ;=reu jd¾;dù fkdue; &
j;auka foaYmd,kh yd ia;%sh
W;=re kef.kysr ia;%shg hqoaOh fiau hqoaOh fl<jrùu o Tjqkaf.a whs;Ska lmamdÿ lsßug fya;+ka ú we;s fiah' úfYaIfhka u
jkakslrfha fou< ni l:dlrk whg fï fol u tllg tlla fkdfofjks fia mSvd ,eîug fya;= ù we;' irKd.; l`ojqre ;=< fjfikakkaf.ka w;s nyq;rh ia;%Ska yd orejka fõ' Tjqka irKd.; l`ojqre fj;ska ;u .ïìï n,d msg;alr yeÍug ;j;a wjqreÿ ;=kla j;a .; fjk njla o wikakg ,efí' mqkre;a:dmk l`ojqrej, fjfikakkaf.a ;;ajhka .ek lsisjl=g;a oek.ekSug l%uhla we;af;a ke;' ck;djf.a Pkaofhka f;aÍ m;aù md¾,sfïka;=j ksfhdakh lrk wm rfÜ úreoaO mCIhg " iudc ixj¾Okh Wfoid l%shdlrk úúOjQ wdh;kj,g mjd Tjqka oelSug fyda wjirhla ,nd fkdoSfuka irKd.;hska yg i,lk wkaou iuia; f,dalhgu is;d .kakg mq`Mjk' wka n,.;= iEu jHqyhla fiau foaYmd,kh o mqreIhkaf.a n,dêldrhls' tyss wdrïNh o wol Bfhl fkdfõ' ish,q mqrjeishkaf.a fukau wehf.a o
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
fyauud,S úfÊisxy
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rEmjdysKsh ;=< ia;%sh fhdod .efkkqfha b;du;a kskaokSh whqßks' tys weh mqreI flakaøSh wjYH;djhkaf.a fiajd imhk iy Tjqkaf.a uk fod, mqrjk ne,fufyldßKsh hs' úúO n,hka w;alrf.k isák mqreIhdf.a w,aaf,a kegfjk rElvhla ùu wehg ysñ ;ek f,i yqjd olajhs' fuh wehf.a nqoaêhg yd ia;%S .re;ajhg nrm;, ks.djls' wehf.a ienE .re;ajh iq/lSug wehf.a iudcd¾Ól foaYmd,k ;,h by
f,i ie,fla ' hqoaOfhka miq j¾;udk foaYmd,kfha jvd;a u ia;%S úfrdaë
iajNdjh jkafka iudch ñ,sgß lrKh lsÍuhs' ,xld b;sydifhys fkdjq úrE whqßka lemS fmfkk ,CIKhla ù we;af;a yuqod kdhlhska yd wK fok ks,OdÍka ck;dj bÈßfha fm
j¾;udk foaYmd,kfhka wE;ska wE;g ;,a¨ lr oeóu hs' iduldñ f,djla ;ekSfï ld¾hfhaÈ ia;%Skaf.a foaYmd,k ueÈy;aùu b;d w.kd fufyjrla jkq we;s nj wo f,dalfha ms<s. ekSu ù we;s fyhska fnfyda rg j,a ;u jHjia:dms; uKav,hkag yd jHqyhkaga ia;%Ska jeä jeäfhka we;=<;alr .ksñka isà' ;ju;a wm rg fuu ud ye`.s wjYH;djh .ek lsisjla lr ke;s nj i;Hhls' l,la ;siafia u udkj whs;Ska .ek l:d lsßu yd l%shd lsßu ;=<ska Pkao Èkd .;a wo n,fha isák foaYmd,k{hska Bg mgyeksj l%shdlrñka hk wdldrfhka u ia;%Skag fld;rï f.!rj lrkafka o hkakg ta l%u fõoh ;=
wo jk úg md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< w`t;a mk;la ms<sn`o l:d ny wefia tys cd;Skag yd wd.ïj,g m%cd;ka;%sh ue;sjrK j,g bÈßm;aùu .ek i,ld ne,Sug kshñ; w;r ia;%S ksfhdackh kexùu .ek l:d nyla wefia' fï jljdkqj ;=< ia;%S l%shdldßkshka o Tjqkaf.a y`v foaYmd,kh ;=< Yla;su;a lrkafka flfia o hkak .ek is;d n,ñka isà' wo jk 21 jeks msgqjg ''''
jika; Èidkdhl
ka,ka; yd c¾udkq úma,jj,ska miq f,dal úma,j ms
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f.ms â ia hkd§ f.da ; % s l fhda fulS N+ñfha úúO m%foaYj,g ixl%uKh ù tajdfha ish wdêm;Hh msysgqjd .;ay' úYd, N+ñ Nd.hl me;sr jHdma;jQ f.da ; % s l hka jQ f ha u.a h d¾jre h' fuu u.ahd¾ f.da;%sl m%foaY tlai;a lsÍfukqhs yxf.aßhdkq rdcHhla uq,k s u a ilia jkafka' flfia jqj o ia:djr rdcHhla f,i yxf.arshdj mej;aug tkafka ls%' j' 1000 oS h' tkuqÿ yxf. aßhdjg tys b;sydih mqrdu isÿ jQfha wdl%uKj,g uqyqK §ughs' fudxf. da,a wdl%uK" ;=¾ls wdl%uK" ´iaá%hdkq wdl%uK wd§ jYfhka tlla miq mi tlla wdl%uK Tiafiahs yxf.aßhdjg .uka lrkakg isÿj ;snqfKa' wjidk jYfhka yxf.aßhdj hg;aj ;s n q f Ka ´ia á % h djg' ´ia á % h dfõ
kdhl;ajfhka mej;s wdêm;H n,h ye¢ka jqfKaa yeíian¾.a wêrdcHh ls h ,hs ' yxf.a ß hdj ye¢ka jq f Ka Tia f g% d a yxf.a ß hdj hkq f jkq h s ' yeíian¾.a wêrdcH md,khg tfrysj 1703 -11 ld,h ;=< ksoyi i|yd wr.,hla isÿ jqj o th wid¾:l úh' wk;=rej m%n, ksoyia wr.,hla yg .efkkafka 1848 § hs' 1849 wfm%a,a 14 Èk ksoyi m%ldYhg m;a flfrk w;r ,dfcdaia fldiq;a wdKavqldrckdêm;s jYfhka m;a flreKs' tfy;a yeíian¾.a wêrdchdf.a wdOdr b,a,d flreKq wdrdOkfhka yxf.aßhdjg meñKs n,.;= reishka yuqodjl yd ´iaá%hdkq yuqodjl taldnoaO m%ydrhla yuqfõ yxf.aßhdkq ksoyia yuqodjkag hg;a fjkakg isÿúh' yxf.aßhdkq
yxf.aßhdkq úma,jh Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
whs;Skag .re l< hq;= hehs lshd we;s fldf;l=;a j.ka;Ska we;=<;a iïuq;s fyda m%{ma;Skaj,g tlai;a cd;Ska f,i talrdYS jqKq rgj,a tlish .Kkska tlla jk wm rg o w;aika ;nd we;s uq;a fuu n,.;= jHqyhka ;=
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yxf.aßhdkq ksoyia igk h<s mrdch flreK o wêrdcHfha wNHka;r yd ndysr m%Yak fya;= fldg f.k yxf. ß a hdj mQ¾K hg;a rdHhka f,i taldnoaOj mj;ajd .ekSu ÿIalr úh' tfyhska tl wêrdcHhla hgf;a ´iaáh % dkq yd yxf. aßhdkq hkqfjka wdKavq folla mj;ajd .kakg isÿ úh'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
fï wjêh jk úg md;kh lrkq ,eîfukqh's th fya;j = la lr .ksñka Tiafg%da yxf.aßhdj i¾ìhdj wdl%uKh l< w;r reishdj Tiafg%da yxf.aßhdjg o c¾uksh reishdjg o tfrysj hqoaO m%ldY lsÍfuka m
18
hq o a O fha mrdð; md¾Yjhg wh;a j Q Tiafg%da yxf.aßhdkq rdcdKavqj tys m%;sm,hla jYfhka ì| jeáK' kj wdKa v q j la we;s úh' yxf.a ß hdfõ muKla fkdj ´iaá%hdj" refïkshdj wd§ rgj,a .Kkdjlu úma , ùh ls%hdldrs;ajhka /,a,la u yg .eksK' fï yuqfõ kj md,kh ì| jegqK w;r B<`.g msysgqjQ wdKavqjg o lsisjla l< yels fkdù h' Bg o È.ska È.g u idxisoaêlj ke.S me;sfrkakg jQ j¾ck /,a,g uqyqK §ug isÿ úh' 1918 cQks 18 Èk wdrïN flreK uyd jev j¾ckh bÈßhg we§ .sfha uyck /iaùï" fm<md,s /,a,la iu.sks' lïlre mx;sh w;r muKla fkdj fin`Mka w;r o .ïno f.dùka w;r o úfrdaO;djka u;= fjkakg úh' fï jev j¾ck yd úfrdaO;d /,a,;a iu. reishdfõ mßoafoka u lïlre iNd" fin< iNd mek ke.sK' fï j¾Okhka iu. NS;shg m;a jQfha ,snr,a Okm;s mx;sh muKla fkdfõ' iudc m% c d;ka ; % j d§ kdhlfhda o NS;shg m;a jQy' ta wkqj cQks 21 Èk jev j¾ckh w;a ys g q ù ug Tjq y q
;SrKh l
kej;a ùug W;aidyhl fhÿk o th ksIam, nj ta jk úg;a ;Skaÿ ù yudr h' Tlaf;dan¾ 28 Èk yxf.aßhdjg ksoyi b,a,d fhdaO fm<md,s meje;a fjkakg mgka .;a w;r tÈk yxf.a ß hdj ckrchla f,i m%ldYhg m;a flßK' 30 Èk lïlrejka f .a " fin`Mka f .a " kdúlhka f .a yd Ys I Hhka f .a fhda O ke.sàula we;s úK' ùÈ ler,slrejkaf. ka ms Í b;s Í .s f ha h' —is g q j rhs k a Nx.fõjd˜" —;jÿrg;a hqoaOh tmd˜" — wK fokafka lïlre yd fin< iNd u.s k a muKs ˜ jeks igka mdGj,s k a k.rh .s.ï = ÿks' 31 od rd;sh % t
yxf.aßhdkq ksoyia igk h<s mrdch flreK o wêrdcHfha wNHka;r yd ndysr m%Yk a fya;= fldg f.k yxf.aßhdj mQ¾K hg;a rdHhka f,i taldnoaOj mj;ajd .ekSu ÿIalr úh' tfyhska tl wêrdcHhla hgf;a ´iaáh % dkq yd yxf.aßhdkq hkqfjka wdKavq folla mj;ajd .kakg isÿ úh'
msysgq ùh' cd;sl iNdfõ ish¨ md¾Yj ks f hda c kh jkfia f;da r d .ekq K q leìkÜ uKa v ,hla o f;da r d m;a flßK' md¾,s f ïka ; = j úiq r ejd yeß kj wdKavqj w¨;a ue;sjrKhla mj;ajk njg fmdfrdkaÿ úh' i¾jck Pkao n,h" mqj;am;a ksoyi" NdIKfha yd /iaùfï ksoyi m%ldYhg m;a flßK' bvï m%;sixialrKhla i|yd o lghq;= iqodkï lrkakg úh' tfy;a ienúkau fï lsisjla ls%hdjg ke.=fKa ke;' lefrd,ahs wdKavj q ck;d jqjukdjkag wduka;K % h lsÍug wiu;a úh' tmuKla fkdj wdkagdkafÜ n,j;=ka ish ys;j;a rdcHhkag yxf.aßhdfjka len,s lvd wE|d,S f ï ;u ie,iq ï j,g tl`. jk f,i yxf.aßhdjg flreKq n, lsÍï yuqfõ hg;a jkakg lefrd,ahsg isÿ úh' ta w;r lefrd,ahs wdKavqj olaIsKdxYsl yd jdudxYsl jYfhka foms,lg fnÿk w;r olaIsKdxYhg iudc wd¾Ól m%;sixialrK kej;a ùug Wjukd úh' lefrd,a h s 1919 ckjdß 11 Èk ckdêm;s Oq r fhka b,a,d wiajQ w;r ;djld,sl ckdêm;s jrfhl= f,i lghq;= lsÍug tl`. úh' kj iNd. wdKavqjla msysgqjk ,o w;r th n,.;= olaIsKdxYsl iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ ixhq;shlska hqla; úh' úma,jfha bÈß .uk kej;Sug lghq;= lrkakg jQ th /äl,a foaYmd,{hka w;a wvx.=jg .ekSug o mgka .;s' fï w;r wdkagdkafÜ n,j;=ka 1919 ud¾;= 20 Èk Tjq k a w¨f;ka we¢ foaY iSud ms<s .kakg n, flreKq wjika ksfõokhla yxf.aßhdj fj; ks l = ; a flreK w;r fï ;;a ; a j h yuqfõ yxf.aßhdfõ wdrlaIdj iudc m% c d;ka ; % j d§ka g mjrkq úkd wka úl,a m hla ke;ehs m% l dY lrñka lefrd,ahs t Èk u ;djld,sl ckdêm;s OqQrfhka o b,a,d wia úh' lefrd,ahs b,a,d wia jQ miq iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§yq fldñhqksiaÜjd§kaf.a iyh me;+y' fï jk úg fldñhqki s Ü a kdhlhka isáfha isr f.j, h'
fjä,a,laj;a m;a;= fkdlrñks'
weiag¾ úma,jh kñka ye¢kafjk yxf. ß a hdfõ m%cd;ka;j % d§ úma,jh ch .;af;a tf,i h' th meyeÈ,s kdhl;ajhlska o meyeÈ,s jevms<sfj,lska o f;dr idxisoaêl ck;d ke.sàula úh' we;sjQ ysvei ;=< lefrd,ahs kj wdKavqjla
1919 ud¾;= 21 Èk yxf.aßhdkq iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ mlaIh;a fldñhqksiaÜ mlaIh;a yxf.aßhdkq iudcjd§ mlaIh kñka taldnoaO jQ w;r kj wdKavqjla msysgqjkq ,eìK' tÈku kj wdKavqj úiska yxf.aßhdkq fidaúhÜ ckrch m% l dYhg m;a flßK' wdKa v q f õ
kdhlhd jQfha iudc m%cd;ka;j % dÈfhl= jQ iekafvda¾ .d¾ì h' fldñhqksiaÜ mlaI kdhl fn,dl=ka úfoaY lghq;= ms<sn| fldñid¾ jQ w;r wka ish¨ fldñid¾ moú iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§kag ysñj ;sìK' flfia jqj o ienE n,h ;snqfKa fn,d l=ka w; h' ta wkqj jxYdêm;s moú yd jrm%ido wfydais flßK' m,a,sh rcfhka fjka flßK' NdIKfha yd /iaùfï ksoyi" ksoyia wOHdmkh" iq`M;r ckhdg NdId yd ixialD;sl whs;k S a kS;s .; flßK' ld¾ñl yd jdKsc jHjidhka cki;= flßK' ksjdi" m%jdykh" nexl=" ffjoH" ixia l D;s l wdh;k yd fyla g hd¾ 40 jeä is h ¨ bvï iudc ika ; l flßK' tfy;A yxf.aßhdj uqyqK md isá ;;a;ajhg wkqj óg jvd läkï m%;i s xialrK wjYHj ;sìK' ksIm a dokh is h hg 40 ls k a my; jeà ;s ì K' WoaOukh b;d ;shK q q úh' WoaOukldÍ ñ, ksid WmlrK wdÈh .; fkdyels ùfuka f.dùkag k.rh fj; wdydr iemhsh fkdyels úh' lsif s ia;a m%udKj;a fkdjQ jegqma ksid lïlrejkaf.a jev lsÍfï Woafhda.h ySk ù ;sìK'
wfkla w;g iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ka o fidaúhÜ ckrch l< m%;sixialrK bjiqfõ ke;' Tjqyq fldñhqksiaÜ n,h fmr
flfia jqj o fï wjia:dj jk úg uyck iydh m%Odk fldgu /£ ;snf q Ka yxf.aßhdkq foaY iSud /l .ekSu u; h' fidaúhÜ wdOdr b,a,d isáh o fidaúhÜ reishdj o isú,a hqoaOhl meg,S isá fyhska wdOdr iemhsh yels ;;a;ajhl fkdù h W;=re yxf.aßhdj w;am;a lrf.k isá fpfldaiaf,dajelshdkq yuqodjka m,jd yer ia f ,djela fida ú hÜ ckrch msysgq ùh' wk;=rej kef. kysr w;am;a lrf.k isá refïkshdkq yuqodjka m,jd yeÍug iQodkï jk úg refïkshdkq yuqodjka bj;a lr,Sug mshjr .kakd njg m%xYh fmdfrdkaÿjla §fuka i;s ;=klg muK miq yxf. ß a hdkq r;= yuqodj bj;a lr .;s' tfy;a refïkshdkq yuqod bj;a lr .;af;a ke;' th W.=,la úh' r;= yuqodj refïkshdkq yuqodjka m,jd yeÍug m%ydrhla t,a, l< o wjia:dj f.k uekúka iQodkï jQ refïkshdkq yuqod r;= yuqod wdlaIl j,¨ lvd f.k bÈßhhg meñK nqvdfmaiaÜ mjd w,a,d f.k 1919 wf.dai;= 1 Èk yxf.aßhdkq fida ú hÜ ckrch mfr
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ksoyia yuqodfõ kdhlhka 13 fofkl= o w.ue;s o rel="nofollow">d;kh flreK w;r ,dfcdaia fldiq;g a wiq fkdù m,d hug yels úh'
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;drl jrdmsáh fma rfÜ wo we;af;a fiajd wd¾Ólhls'th w f,dalfha wd¾Ól m%jk;djfhka wm.ukh jQ ;;a;ajhla o fkdfõ' fiajd wd¾:slhla hkq l=uk wd¾Ólhla o@ rgl wd¾Ól l%shdj,sh fya;=fjka" cd;sl ksIamokh kï jQ jákdlug jeä mx.=jlska odhl jkafka fiajd iemhSfuka kï th fiajd wd¾Ólhla f,i ie,lsh yelshs' fjf<|du" m%jdykh" ikakf s õok myiqlï iemhSu" wOHdmkh" ffjoH fia j djka " úfkda o dia j doh" rlaIK nexl= yd uQ,H fiajdjka wd§ fndfyda wd¾Ól jákdlula iys; oE fiajdjka fõ' kuq;a ,xldfõ fiajd wd¾Ólh ;=< fjf<|dïlrkq ,nk NdKav o" m%jdykhg fhdod .kakd jdyk yd hd;%d o" ikaksfõok WmlrK o" úfkdaodiajdohg wod< ;dlaIKsl yd ld¾ñl WmlrK$fuj,ï o wdkhkh ñi rg ;=< ksIamdokh fkdlrhs' fï w;ßka o úYd, mx.=jla wh;a jkafka fjf<|du hk Wm wxYhghs' wdydruh NdKav yerKq úg fndfyda NdKav hkq úfoaYhl ksmojQ tajd h' ,dN ;Srejla iys;j mdßfNda.slfhl=g NdKav úlsKSu ;=<ska fuu jákdlu —Wm§'˜
úlsKSu ;r.ldÍj yd ,dNodhSj mj;ajdf.k hdug mdrfNda.l s hka fm
u mj;s k ñ:Hdjka mj;a j d f.k hdu;a tu m%pdrl ls%hdj,shg wjYH há;, myiqlula fõ' ta whqßka ie,l+ úg fulS fjf<| m%pdrKh mj;sk ñ:Hdjkaf.ka Wmßu iyh ,nd .kS' wjidkfha § ,xldfõ ksmojk iuyr fg,s kdgH mjd ta fjf<| Wml%uhkag iß,k mßÈ ks¾udKh jk tajd fõ' ^ksoiqka f,i rlaIK iud.ï úiska wkq.y % h olajk fg,s kdgHhlska wkdrlaIs; nj" wkfmalaIs; úm;a wdÈh fm%alaIlhdg jHx.fhka w`.jkjd o ta wkqj rlaIK wdjrKhl —msysg˜ me;Sug fmd
Bg fyd|u ks o iq k kï kdis j d§ hqoaOh ;=< c¾udkqjka w;snyq;rhla ïf,aÉP hqoaOhla yd uD. ixydrhla lrd fN!;slj yd u;jd§j tl`. lr .kakg yd fufyh jkakg ysÜ,¾g yels jQfha flfia o hkqh's mj;sk miq. dó iudc úYajdi ^ksoiqka f,i wd¾h c¾udkqjka f,dj úYsIaGu ck j¾.h jYfhka jQ u;h& ;u hqo jHdmD;shg wejeis mßÈ m%;sks¾udKh lsÍug yd
tajd jvd idyisl wka;jdohka lrd fufyh ùug we;s yelshdj ms<sn| ksoiqkls'& jevjiï kIaGdjfYaI iys; mj;sk iudc ieleiau ;=<" mdßfNda.sl yd ú.,s; iudc ksIG a djka ;=< mqo. a ,hka flfrys jk oDIa á jdoS fm
wdKavqfõ wNHka;rh fi
wdKavqjg fou< ck;djg iykdOdr muKla ,ndfoñka os.= l,la weo f.khd fkdyels h' wdKavqj fou< ck;djf.a m%Yakhg idOdrK úi`ÿula ,nd oSu ,xldfõ wd¾:sl oshqKqjg cd;Hka;rh ,nd fok uq,H wdOdr yd ne`os mj;sk fyhska fï i`oyd blauka mshjrla .ekSug wdKavqjg isÿfõ' fou< cd;sl ikaOdkh muKla fkdj wdkkao ix.rs" v.a,ia foajdkkao" ms,a,hdka jeks wdKavqjg iyfhda.h fok fou< cd;sl fldgia o fou< cd;sfha wNsudkh we;s lrk o’¾>ld,’k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh fmkajd os ;sfí' fuu ;;a;ajhka ms<sn`oj fyd`oska wjfndaOlr f.k isák osfkaYa" úu,a" pïmsl md¾Yjh ckdêm;sjrhdf.a n,lsrsu u; yd jrm%ido fya;=fldg f.k oekg ksy`vj isáh;a n,h fnoSu uyskao Ñka;khg wod< fkdjk nj Tjqyq ks;r m%ldYlr isá;s' tlai;a cd;sl mlaIfhka wdKavqjg tlajq ux;s%jreka i`oyd Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIfha wdik ixúOdhl m;aùï ,nd o’u iïnkaOj tu mlaI wNJka;rfha nrm;, ;;a;ajhla u;=ù we;' YS%,ksmh w;s W.% rdcmlaIlrKhg n|Q`ka lsÍfï Ñka;kh yd ls%hdj,sh bÈßhg f.k hdfï§ w;f,diaila yer YS%,ksm ls%hdldÍka rdcmlaI,dg
01 jeks msgqfjka
úYajdihla ke;' os¾> ld,hla mlaIh fjkqfjka ish ld,h jeh l< fcHIaVhka bj;alr b;du uE;loS tlajq tlai;a cd;sl mlaI ux;s%jrekag tu wdik ,nd o’ug ckdêm;sjrhd l%shd lrkafka ta ksid h' fuh ;ukag wúYajdi fldgia bj;alr Y%s,ksmfha ;u n,h Yla;su;a lr .ekSug ckdêm;sjrhd fhoq Wml%uhla njg oeka Y%S,ksmfha wNHka;r fldgia w;r idlÉPdù we;¡ fuu ;;a;ajh yuqfõ Y%S,ksmfha ie,lsh hq;= fldgila ysgmq ckdêm;sks pkaos%ld l=udr;=x. uy;añh iu.;a ux., iurj’r uy;d iu.;a ryis.;j iïnkaOd mj;ajñka isák nj lsh fõ' ux., iurj’r uy;d Y%S,ksm mdlaIslhka wu;d ksl=;a l< ,shú,a,g Y%S,ksm m%n,hka /ilf.a by< m%;spdrhla ,enqKq nj uyck md¾Yjfha wNHka;r ud¾.j,ska mejefia' ckdêm;sjrhdf.a úOdhl n,h bosrsfha Tjqka ksYaYÅo;djhl isáh;a kqoqf¾o’ u Tjqkaf.a fkdleue;a; yd fkdi;=g bosrshg meñfKkq we;¡ fuu ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj ckdêm;sjrhd o jgyd f.k isák w;r .egqïldrs ;;a;ajh W.% ùug fmr cd;sl uÜgfus ue;sjrK ;nd wjika lr .eksug Tyq hqyqiq¿j lghq;= lrñka lrñka isà'
j;auka foaYmd,kh'''
16 jeks msgqfjka
úg ia;%Skaf.a b,a,Su ú we;af;a wvq jYfhka mj;sk ue;sjrK l%uh ixfYdaOkh lr m
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ñ;Hdj" w;S;h iy wo
fhka wúfrdaë nj mj;ajd .ekSug;a wejeis fõ'tjeks ikao¾Nhla iudc pdß;%" úYajdi" weíneysùï" wNspdÍ l%u yd ixialD;sl-wd.ñl ne£ï" .kqfokq wdÈh wNsfhda. lsÍug bv ,efnk wjldYhla fkfõ' we;af;ka u mj;sk úl,am bv m%ia:d yd iudc úhuk m% Y a k lrk wjia : djka o yl=`Mjkq ,enQ nj m%;HlaI h'
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Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
tfia u m
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ksfhdað;hd jk wdKavqldrjrhd h' 154 L ^1& wkqj wdKavqldrjrhdf.a jd¾;d lsÍulg fyda fjk;a l%uhlg wkqj m
04 jeks msgqfjka
m%;sm;a;sh" úfoaY iïm;a" f¾.=j" úfoaY Kh" uy nexl=j " cd;sl b;sß lsÍfï nexl=j" cd;sl f,d;/ hs uKav,h" nexl=" rlaIK" fldgia yqjudrej" wdodhï nÿ" m%d.aOk nÿ" Ok nÿ" iud.ï yd ixia:d nÿ" ;Sre nÿ"úfoaY fjf<|du" jrdhka" .=jka yd .=jka f;dgqfmd<" cd;sl m%jdyk" ÿïßh " .x.d yd c, ud¾." cd;sl uyd ud¾. yd md,ï" wd.uk ú.uk" mqrjeisNdjh" ue;sjrK" ck.yk yd ixLHd f,aLk" úYaj úoHd," úoHd;aul fyda ;dlaIKsl wOHdmk wdh;k" cd;sl fl!;=ld.dr hk tajd wh;a jkafka ixjD; ,ehsia;=jg h' b;d mÍlaIdldÍj ne¨jfyd;a 13 jk ixfYdaOkfhka nKavdrkdhlfp,ajkdh.ï .súiqfuka rg iNdj,g fhdackd jQ ;rïj;a n,;, m
uyck jHdmdrhla Wfoid''''' zzmSm,aia udɘ wkd.; uyck jHdmdrhl ixhqla; fldgila f,i iajlShuh jQ wkkH;djlska hq;=j f.dv kef.kakg W;aidy ork ixúOdkhls' wmf.a wruqKq jkqfha flá ld,Sk jYfhka uyck jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.Sug w;HjYH oDIaáuh" ixúOdkuh yd foaYmd,kuh wr.,hg Wr Èh yels ls%hdldÍkaf.a ixúOdkhla f.dv ke.Su h' wm mSm,ia ud¾É i`.rdj t<solajkafka tla mshjrla jYfhks' wfmau ifydaorhkaf.a ys;j;=kaf.a mß;Hd.fhka lrf.k hk thg Tfí ifydaord;aulw;ys; §fuka wfma W;aidyh iu`. tlajkakehs b,a,d isáuq Tnf.a uQ,Huh Wmldrhka .sKqï wxl 8620020286 ^fldu¾I,a nexl=j - rdc.sßh YdLdj& orK .sKqug fhduq lrkak' Tnf.a ,sms yd woyia [email protected] fj; fhduq lrkak'
ikaOdk l%fudamdh yd tcdmh rð; rdcmCI
ys k a o rdcmla I wdKa v q f õ m%cd;ka;% úfrdaë taldêm;s l% s h djka g tfrys j m% c d;ka ; % j doS n,fõ.hla f.dv ke.S u i`oyd úmlaIfha fndfyda fldgia idlÉcd ixjdo mj;ajñka isà' tcdm cúfm ux., iurùr md¾Yjh we;=¿ fndfyda fldgia fï w;r isà' cúfm Bg u iajdëk jQ ud¾.hl isák w;r úmlaIfha fiiq n,fõ. w;r o hï tl.;djhla oelsh yels h'
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rdcmlaI wdKavqjg tfrysj m% c d;ka ; % j doS n,fõ.hla f.dv ke.Su wo ojfia m%uqL ld¾hhla nj wújdos; kuqÿ m%Yakh jkafka ta i`oyd W;a i dy ork n,fõ. hkag oelaula" jevms<sfj,la yd Bg wod, kuHYS , s N djhla mj;S o hkakhs¡' rdcmlaI md,kh wo mj;skafka ckm%sh;djfha by
ixhuhlska yd bjiSulska l< hq;; a ls¡s ' ta i`oyd mgq mrud¾:j,ska f;dr mq¿,a oelaulska yd kuHYS,SNdjhlska hq;= jevms<sfj,la ;sîu wksjd¾h h' tcdmh o fï md,khg tfrysj mq`M,a ikaOdkhla f.dv ke.Su .ek l;d lrhs' th wo úmlaIfha úYd,;u mla I h jk fyhs s k a ika O dkhla f.dvke.Sug Tjqka ork W;aidyh ms<sn`oj i,ld ne,Sula jeo.;a fõ' uE;loS /iajq tcdm lD;HdêldrS uKav,h m%Odk lreKq lsysmhla u; ikaOdkhla i|yd fiiq n,fõ.j,g wdrdOdkd lf
mq ¿ ,a ika O dkhla f.dv ke.S u g tcdmhg ienE Wjukdjla ;sfí kï ta i`oyd fjk ldf.kaj;a fkdj ;u m%Odk;u m%;sjdoshd jk YS%,ksmfhka u bf.k .; yels h¡' fma%uodi md,khg tfrysj YS%,ksm uq,sl;ajfhka f.dv ke.= K q fmd¥ck tla i ;a fmruq K fjkqfjka Y%S,ksmh ;u mlaIfha ,l=K fuka u mdg o w; yersfha h' ta u.ska Y%S,ksm m%uqL ikaOdkhg meje;s tcdm md,kh fmr
j¾I 2001 oS rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d jir 06 la i`oyd ,nd .;a n,h jir 2 1$2 lska wjika lr oeóug ¡ fmd¥ck tlai;a fmruqK ;j;a mq¿,a lrñka cúfm we;=<;a lr f.dv ke.= tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkhg yels úh' fuys o S o Y% S , ks m h w; muKla fkdj mqgqj o w;yer nq,;a fld
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
13 jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh''
23
fm<.iajd Bg wjYH jQ b,lalh lrd hdug YS%,ksmh iu;a úh'
m%dfhda.slju ikd: lr we;s fuu lreK jgyd .ekS u g tcdmhg fkdyels ù we;a o ke;s kï ta i`oyd we;a; Wjukdjla ;sfí o hkak i,ld ne,sh hq;= h' tu mlaIfha iuia; ls%hdj,sh foi fyd`oska ksrSlaIKh lsrsfïoS fmkS hkafka tcdm m%n,hka fndfyda fofkl= g wdKa v q mla I h iu. igkg jvd kdhlhd t<ùfï igk m%uqL ù we;s njls' kdhlhska lsysm fofkl=g ikaOdkhla f.dv ke.S u g oela u la yd Wjukdjla meje;sh;a Tjqka b;du iq¿;rhla ù we;s nj fmfka' tcdm jeks mlaIhl w;s nyq;rh idukH ckhd jk w;r Tjqkag o fiiq m% c d;ka ; % j doS n,fõ.j,g o wjYH jkafka ,l=K fyda mdg fkdj wdKavqj fmr
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh wfydaislr w.ue;s j rhdg jeä n,;, iys ; md¾,sfïka;= l%uhla we;s l< hq;= nj tcdm m%ldYlr we;' ^tcdmfha iuyr kdhlhka úOdhl ckdêm;s l% u h wfyda i s l r,S u g úreoa O h'& fuys § u;= j k m% O dk;u lreK jkafka wfydais lr,Sug wfmalaIs; ckdêm;sOQrhla i`oyd ;u mlaIfha u whl= ;r. l< hq;= nj Tjqka m%ldY lrkafka wehs o hkakhs' n,hg m;a ù flá l,la ;=< wfydaisajk ;k;=rla i`oyd fyd| u úl,amh jkafka fiiq n,fõ. o tla ;eka lr mq¿,a n,fõ. hlska fmdÿ wfmalaIlhl= bosrsm;a
lsrSu jk ksid ta i`oyd Tjqka kuHYS,S jkakg W;aidy fkdlrkafka wehs @ ika O dkfha wfma I lhd ljq r eka o hkak f.dv k.k ika O dkhg f;a r S u g bv ;nd m%;sm;a;s tl`.;djhla u; mq¿,a ikaOdkhla f.dv ke.Sug tcdm W;aidy fkdls r S u ;= < s k a fï i`oyd Tjqkag we;a; Wjukdjla ;sfí o hk m%Yakh ks;e;ska u u;= lrhs' fmd¥ wfmalaIlhl= ch.%yKh lsrSug yels whl= úh hq;= w;r th ikaOdkfha ish,q n,fõ.j, leue;a; u; isÿúh hq;a;ls' ikaOdkfha úYd,;u mlaIh tcdm jk fyhska fmd¥ wfmalaIlhd ;u mlaIfha u whl= úh hq;= nj is;d wêm;sjdosj lghq;= lsÍu mq¿,a n,fõ. hla f.dv ke.S u g bv fkdfokjd muKla fkdfõ" Bg wjYH moku o wyqrd ouhs¡'
úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh wfydais lsrSu ;ks l%shdjla muKla fkdj iuia; wdKavql%u jHjia:d m%;sixialrKhla ;=< isÿúh hq;a;ls' ta i`oyd md¾,sfïka;=fõ úYd, n,hla oskd .ekSu o wjYHu lreKls' th isÿ l< yelafla ol=fKa fuka u W;=f¾ o rdcmlaI md,khg tfrysj ish,q n,fõ. tl fm
úfrdaë ish,q n,fõ. tl;= lsrsug m%udKj;a fkdfõ' ta i`oyd m%dfhda. sl jevms<sfj,la o bosrsm;a l< hq;= h¡ ys g mq ckdêm;s j rs h ;a a j;a u ka ckdêm;s j rhd;a ckdêm;s O Q r h wfydais lrk njg jdÑlj yd ,sÅ;j fmdfrdkaÿ ÿka fofofkls' kuq;a mj;skafka fmdfrdkaÿ bIaG fkdjQ b;s y dihls ' tneúka jdudxYs l hka we;=¿ ish¿ m%.;sY, S k S a fmdfrdkaÿ m;% u; lrk foaYmd,kh ñka bÈßhg ls i s ú gl;a fkdl< hq ; = h hka k b;sydih úiska kej; kej;;a mila lr ;s f nk i;H wu;l fkdl< hq;=h' wjidk jYfhka lshkafka kï fokakï ldisj,g foaYmd,kh lsrSfï l,djg ;s;la ;eìh hq;= ld,h t
úOdhl ckdêm;s OQ r h wfyda i s lrk nj jdÑlj m%ldY lsrSu wdKavq
uyck jHdmdrhla Wfoid'''''
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mSm,aia ud¾É ixúOdkh fjkqfjka ta'ã'mS' r;akdhl jk ud úiska rdc.sßfha hQ' B' fmf¾rd udjf;a" wxl 250 orK risl m%skag¾iayS uqøKh lr m%isoaO lrk ,§'
6 l,dmh cQ,s-wf.daia;= 2009 wdOdrh re' 30'00
foaYmd,k úi÷qï Y%S ,'ks'm' wdik ixúOdhl m;a lsrsï yryd
wdKavqfõ wNHka;rh fi,fõ ! Ôjk fmf¾rd úisks kg u;=msgg fkdfmfkk ;;ajhla fmkakqï l<;a wdKavqj wNHka;rfha u; .egqï W.%fjñka mj;sk nj wdKavqfõ wdrxÑud¾. j,ska wkdjrKh fõ' úfYAIfhkau n,h fnodyersfï foaYmd,k úiÿulg ckau ffjrhlska fmf
fla u iyfhda.h ;u ckao igkaj,g ,nd .ekSu i`oyd;a ckdêm;sjrhd fhoq WmamrjeÜáh jqfha foaYmd,k úi`ÿu B<`. ckdêm;sjrKh f;la mud lsrsuhs' i¾jmdlaIsl lñgqj yryd ;siai ú;drK uy;d bosrsm;a lsrSug kshñ; fhdackdj,sh o nd,.srsfodaIhg ,la ù we;af;a ckdêm;sjrhd th bosrsm;a fkdlrk f,i okajd we;s ksid nj ;siai ú;drK uy;d ;u mlaIh jk ,iimg oekqï oS we;¡ bkaoshdj we;=¿ cd;Hka;rh foaYmd,k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh ks;r u;=lrk ;;ajhla ;=<
21 jeks msgqjg ''''
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
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1
ÿrl:k - 5229607
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kj ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoS whs;sjdislï i`oyd n,j;a jHdmdrhl wjYH;djh wo m%n, f,i oefkñka mj;S' úfYaIfhka u rdcmlaI md,kh úiska ;yjqre lr.;a hqo ch.%yKh;a" ta ;=< wdKavqj flf¾ u;= ù we;s by< ckm%sh;djh;a ;=< ckdêm;sjrhd m%uqL wdKavqj .uka lrñka isákafka ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;yjqre lrk osYdjlg fkdj u¾okh yd N’IKh jmqrk osYdjlg ùu ksid h' wdKavqfõ l%shdldrlï úfõpkh lrk ´kEu mlaIhlg" ixúOdkhlg fyda mqoa.,fhl=g rdcmlaI md,kfha m%ydrhkaf. ka .e,ùu f,fyis myiq fkdfõ' wjdikdjlg wo tjeks m%ydrhkag tfrysj ckhd tlaù isoq lrk Yla;su;a úfrdaOhmEï ;nd mq¿,a l;sldjlaj;a iudch ;=< u;= fkdjk ;rï h' iudcfha fuu oeä ksødY’,s;ajh b;du krl m%jk;djhla jk w;r th rdcmlaI md,khg ish u¾ok’h ms<sfj; bosrshg f.k hdu i`oyd fok ksy`v iyfhda.hla o ù we;'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ud
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fuu ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj b;du bji’ulska" mq¿,a oelaulska hq;=j is;d l< yels m<,a jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.Su läkïj fuka u ukd ixhuhlska hq;=j l< hq;= lghq;a;la fõ' fï i`oyd oekg wdKavqfõ u¾ok’h jevms<sfj,g tfrysj isák W;=f¾ ol=fKa isxy," fou<" uqia,sï ish¨ mlaI" ixúOdk yd l%shdldÍ mqoa.,hska talrdYS ùu wjYH h' fï i`oyd ish,q mlaI yd ixúOdk yd mqoa.,hska ;u ;ukaf.a mgq yd wdÖ¾K u;j, t,aî fkdisg fmdoq jevms<sfj,lg talrdYs ùug kuHYs,S úh hq;= h' tfia fkdue;sj mq¿,a fmruqKla f.dv ke.Sug ;sfnk wjldYh újr jkafka ke;=jd fuka u ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh w.hk iudchla f.dv ke.Sug ;sfnk iudc’h wjYH;djhkag o msgqmEula jkq we;' hqo ch.%yKfha ckm%sh;djhg uqjdù rdcmlaI
md,kh ;=< isoqjk w,a,i" oQIKh" jxpdj yd kdia;sh ms<sn`oj uyckhd fyd`oska oekqj;a l< hq;= h' ckhd iQrdlñka rdcmlaI md,kh ,nd .kakd uqo,a .,dhkafka rfÜ fmdoq myiqlï we;=+¿ há;, myiqlï oshqKq lsrSugj;a iudc iqNidOk lghq;= i`oyd;a fkdj md,l mx;sfha úYd, weu;s uKav, kv;a;= lsrSu" fidank W;aij we;=¿ kdia;sldr lghq;= i`oyd nj uyckhdg wjfndaO fldg osh hq;= h¡ fï ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj uyckhdj ksis f,i oekqj;a lsÍu Tjqkaj wdKavqfõ w;a;fkdau;sl n,hg m%n, wNsfhda.hla f,i f.dv ke.Sug fnfyúka n,mdkq we;¡ ksoyi yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh f.dv ke.Su i`oyd jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.sh hq;= hhs lshq muKska th iasÿ fkdfõ' ta i`oyd m<,a ck;djla iyNd.slrjd .; yels md¾Yùh fkdjk fmdoq l%shdud¾. f;dard .; hq;= w;r ta i|yd ck;dj w;rg hd yels" ck;dj ixúOdkh l< yels" oeä lemùula we;s olaI ixúOdhlhska msrsila wjYH nj o wjOdrKh l< hq;= lreKls' lemùula we;s olaI ixúOdhlhska mq¿,a uyck n,fõ.hla f.dv ke.Sug b;du w;HdjYH idOlhls' udOH idlÉcd mj;ajk" k.rj, m;s%ld fnok" ls%hdldrslhka msrsila /ialrjd k.rj, Woaf>daIK mj;ajk i’ñ; ls%hdldrlïj, fkd/£ ixúOdhlhka .ï okõ isidrd f.dia ck;djg lreKq fmkajdoS Tjqka oekqj;a lr ls%hdldÍ f,i m%cd;ka;%’h igka i`oyd fhduq lrjd .; hq;= fõ' tfia jqjfyd;a muKla rg ;=< u;=fjñka tk u¾okSh md,k ;ka;%h fmr
jika; Èidkdhl ir 30 lg wêl ld,hla mqrd we§ hk YS% ,xldfõ cd;sl .eg`Mfõ y`v t,aààBh mrojd rdcmlaI md,kh ,nd .;a mQ¾K hqo ch.%yKh ;=<ska ;djld,slj úh yels kuq;a ksy`v flÍ we;' fuu ksYaÑ; fudfyd; ;=< ol=fKa nyq;r u;h njg m;aj ;sfnk njg Èia fjkafka m%Yakh oeka ksudjg m;aj we;s njls' hqoaOh l<;a foaYmd,k úi÷ï ñi wjidkfha fjk;a úl,amhla ke;ehs f,djg lshQ md,lhska o foaYmd,k úi÷ï ms<sn| l;d oeka kHdh m;%fha wjika wxl lrd f.k hñka ;sfí' oeka foaYmd,k úi÷ula .ek foaYSh jYfhka ;du;a ÿn, kuq;a hï y`vla kef.kafka fou< iq`M;rhlska yd cd;sjdohg hg fkdjQ jdu yd m%.;sYS,S iq`M;rhlsks' tfy;a cd;Hka;r jYfhka tys,d rdcmlaI md,khg u. yer hdug wiSre n,mEula t,a, fjhs' tlai;a ckmofhka" hqfrdamSh m%cdfjka yd úfYaIfhka bkaÈhdfjka t,a,jk n,mEu yuqfõ È.ska È.gu u. yer hkakg Bg wiSre jkq we;'
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oeka foaYmd,k úi÷ula f,i hg;a msßfihska rdcmlaI md,kh kug fyda hï tl`.;djla olajkafka 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d
ixfYdaOkfhka bÈßm;a jQ m
bkaÈhd yuqod iu. mjd udrdka;sl f,i igka jeÿfKa h' tlS úi÷ug uq,a jQ bkaoshdkq w.ue;s jrhdj isá rðõ .dkaê mjd rel="nofollow">d;kh lfd;khg mjd ,la lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ksoyia yd m%cd;ka;%jd§ jHdmdrhl wjYH;djh
3
4
bkaÿ YS% ,xld .súiqu tys j.ka;s j,ska l=ula lSj o tys ienE wruqKq bka§h w.ue;s w.ue;s rðõ .dkaê yd YS% ,xld ckdêm;s fÊ'wd¾' chj¾Ok w;r mej;s mQ¾j idlÉPdj,§ YS% ,xld ckdêm;sjrhdg ms<s.ekSug isÿjQQ —tl`.;dj,ska˜ fmfka' tajd fufia h' 1'
úfoaY hqo yd T;a;= fiajd mqoa.,hka YS% ,xldfõ /£ isàu YS% ,xld bka§h iïnkaO;djkag w.;shla fkdjk njg iy;sl ùu'
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bkaÈhdfõ m, m%fhdackj,g w.;shla jk mßÈ ;%sl=Kdu, jrdh fyda YS% ,xldfõ fjk;a lsisÿ jrdhla lsisÿ rgla u.ska fhdod .ekSug bv fkd§u' ;s%l=Kdu, jrdfha f;,a gexls mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍu
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yd mdúÉÑhg .ekSu YS% ,xld bkaÈhdtaldnoaO jHjidhla f,i mj;ajd f.k hdu' 4'
úfoaY .=jka úÿ,s úldYk ixúOdk iu. YS% ,xldj we;s lr .;a .súiqï idudkH .=jka úÿ,s fiajd i|yd muKla ñi lsisÿ hqo fyda T;a;= fiajd lghq;a;la i|yd fhdod fkd. efkk nj iy;sl lrkq i|yd úu¾Ykh lsÍu'
fïjd wvx.=jkafka bkaÿ-YS% ,xld .súiqu w;aika lsÍug fmr fï tl`.;d iy;sl lrkakehs w.ue;s rðõ .dkaê úiska ckdêm;s chj¾Okg tjk ,o ,smsfhys h' tu ,smsfhaa m
wjikafõ' ;u n,h ;j oYl .Kkdjla mj;ajd.ekSug ish,q kQ,a iQ;a;r wosñka isák rdcmlaI ckdêm;sjrhd ckdêm;sjrKh yd uy ue;sjrKh meje;aùug wjYH lghq;= iqodkï lrñka isà' rcfha weu;sjreka lsysm fofkl= u 2010 ckjdrs ui wjidk úg ckdêm;sjrKh meje;afjk nj ks, jYfhka ke;;a m%isoaOj m%ldYlr we;' rfÜ wdKavql%u jHjia:djg wkqj m
m%Yakhla muKla úh' bkaÿ YS% ,xld .súiqfuys YS% ,xldfõ ckjd¾.sl m%Yakhg iïnkaO tl`.;d wvx.= lr ;sfnkafka tu ikao¾Nfhks' tajd fldf;la ÿrg m%Yakfha wka;¾.;hg wduka;%Kh lsÍug iu;a jQfha o hkq 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfhka n,d .; yels h' tu ixfYdaOkh f.k tkq ,nkafka fuu .súiqfï tl`.;djkag wkqj h' tu ixfYdaOkh u.ska m%:ufhka u lrkqfha rfÜ m
rdcmCI n,jHdmD;sh"
uyckhd yd úmCIh''' rð; rdcmCI
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Y%S ,xldj uqyqK os ;snq oreKq uq,H w¾nqofhka hï fyda muKlg f.dv taug cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqo, ,nd o’ug fmdfrdkaÿ jq re' ì,shk 26"000l uqo,ska yelshdj ,efnk kuq;a fuu uqo, Y%’ ,xld rchg tljr fkd,efnk w;r th jdrsl 08l § ,nd o’ug kshñ; h' ,xldj uqyqK § isák oreKq uq,H w¾nqoh fya;=fjka NdKav wdkhk iSud mjd mekúfï ;;ajhla u;= úh yels nj wms óg fmr lsysm j;djlo’ u m’m,aia udÉ u.ska fmkajd o’ we;af;uq¡ uE;los tla;rd rEmjdysks kd,sldjlg m%ldYhla l< wud;H ir;a wuqKq.u uy;d uQ,H wruqof,a uqo,a fkd,efnk ;;ajhla meje;sfha kï ,xldfõ uq,H w¾nqoh b;du oreKq ù NdKav wdkhk i’ud lsrsïj,g mjd ;,a,qùug bv ;snq nj wjOdrKh lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
kuq;a miqìug ;,a¨ lsÍug yelsù we;ehs neÆ ne,aug fmfkk cd;sl .eg`Mjg" m%Odk fldgu W;=f¾ yd kef.kysr fou< ckhdf.a m%Yakhg úi÷ula iemfhkafka o@ fuh úuid ne,Sug 13 jk ixfYdaOkh muKla fkdj Bg mdoljQ 1987 bkaÿ-YS% ,xld .súiqu yd tys ienE wruqKq o úuid ne,sh hq;= fõ' bkaÈhdj ld,hla fou< igkaldó lKavdhïj,g myiqlï iemhSu o ikakoaO mqyqKqj ,nd §u o l< nj ryila fkdfõ' tfia lf
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hqoaOh wjidk ù oeka udi 03la f.ù f.dia we;s w;r ;j fkdfnda osklska u uyckhdg hqoaOfha rKfnr y`v kEiS hkq we;' úfYaIfhka u rdcH úhou wvq lsrS u g rchg is ÿ jkq we;¡ fï w;r iykdOdr yd iqNidOk lmamdÿ lsrSï rdcH fiajl jegqma jeä fkdlsrSï rdcH fiajhg n`ojd .ekSï keje;aùu hk ;’rK .ekSug isÿfõ' ;ukaf.a úhou ls i s u lmd yerS u la ls r S u g l,amkdjla fkdlrk md,lhska isák wdKavqjlska m%ydrh t,a,jkq we;af;a uyck;djf.a nvf.da i a ; rhg nj b;d meyeos,s h' rdcH wdodhu jeä lr .ekSu i`oyd rchg l< yels tlu úl,a m h jka f ka uyckhd u; ;j ;j;a nÿ nr mgjñka Tjqka iQrdlEu muKls¡' fuu ;;ajhkag tfrysj uyck;dj wdKavqj iu. wksjd¾fhkau .egqïldÍ ;;a;ajhla we;slr .ekSu fkdje,elaúh yels h'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
jev lrk fldgiaj, wd¾Ól wr.,h ;’ j % úh yels w;r iykdOdr yd iqnidOk lmamdÿj ;=< iudcfha my< ia : rhka g we;s lrk m’ v kh Tjq k a Woaf rel="nofollow">daIKj,g fm
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úfYa I fhka u uyckhd hq o a O fha kdufhka fu;rï l,la bjid isá ;u m’vkhka ;jÿrg;a bjid isákq ke;s nj nj md,lhskag f;afrk oskh jeä wE;l fkdjkq we;'
cd;Hka ; r uq , H wruq o f,a uq o ,a wkq u e;s h i`oyd meje;s /ia ù ug tlai;a ckmoh yd uyd ì%;dkHh we;= ¿ ngys r rgj,a iyNd.s j q f ha ke;' fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< bosrs uqo,a uqod yerSï i`oyd uq,H wruqo, úiska okajd we;s fldkafoais bgqlrjd .ekSu i`oyd Tjqka uq,H wruqo,g lrkq ,nk n,mEu n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh hq;a;ls' ngysr rgj,a iu. wkjYH .egqul ksr; ù isák wdKavqjg bosrsfhaoS óg jvd ;j;a oreKq ;;a;j a hkag uqyqK oSug isÿ jkq we;' fou< cd;sl m%Yakh iïnkaOj foaYmd,k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh ms
;j o’ ¾ > ld,hla n,fha is à ug ish,q ;;a;ajhka f.dv k.ñka isák ckdêm;s j rhdg fõos l dj, lrkq ,nk .e,rsfha l:dfuka cd;Hka;rh bj; oeñh fkdyels h' foaYmd,k úi`ÿulg oeä ffjÍ ms<sfj;l isák úu,a" osfkaYa "pïmsl lKavdhu;a foa Y md,k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh wjOdrKh lrk wdKa v q f õ is á k n,fõ. yd cd;Hka;rh;a hk fldgia fol u tlu ;eáhl ;nd f.k .uka lsru S ckdêm;sjrhdg yeuodu;a l< yels fohla fkdfõ'
;siai ú;drKf.a foaYmd,k úiÿï fhdackdj,sh o lsis od t<solajk tlla fkdjk nj wdKavqjg iyfhda.h olajk fou< cd;sl ixúOdkj,g o oeka wjfndaO ú we;s w;r Tjqkag o oeka wdKavqj flf¾ meje;s úYajdih ì`o jefgñka mj;S'
YS% ,xldfõ foaYmd,k m%pKav;ajh - 3
foaYmd,k jYfhka l+fgdamdhkays fl< meñKsfhl= jk ckdêm;sjrhd;a Tyqf.a WmfoaYl msrsi;a fuu ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj fyd`oska ksrSlaIKh lr we;s nj fmfka' tfyhska ;j jirla folla hk úg wdKavqfõ fuu fndre udhdj fyd`oska t<sfjk fyhska Bg fmr ish Pkao is;shu t
úfYaIfhka u uyckhd hqoaOfha kdufhka fu;rï l,la bjid isá ;u m’vkhka ;jÿrg;a bjid isákq ke;s nj nj md,lhskag f;afrk oskh jeä wE;l fkdjkq we;'
fuys fojeks fldgi miq.sh l,dmfha m, úh
- ,hk,a fndamf.a -
3'4 rdcHfha m%;spdrh iy m%;s-m%;spdr foaYmd,k m%pKav;ajh mj;sk iudc wd¾Ól rgdjg yd rfÜ foa Y md,k wdh;khka g nrm;, wNs f hda . hla t,a, lr ;sfí'tfyhska wkqm%dma;sl wdKavq ks;ru jdf.a yÈis kS;s ;;a;ajh hgf;a rg md,kh lr ;sfí' rch tys úreoa O jd§ka wl¾ukH ls Í ug yd wmlS¾;sahg m;a lsÍug uD. m%;s -ysxik uQf,damdhka fhod .kq ,en ;sfí' tfia u th tys úreoaOjd§kaf.a lKavdhï yd l,a,s rcfha me;a;g Èkd .ekSu i|ydrdcH jrm%ido yd øjHuh Èß .ekaùï o fhdod .kq ,en ;sfí' idudkHfhka rdcHh ck;dj fn§ug yd jHdl+, lsÍug W;a;ujd§ yd cdf;Hdakaudojd§ u;jdohka Wmfhda.S lr f.k ;sfí' wkqm%dma;sl wdKavq uyd mßudK mokula u; ckmolrKh lr f.k .sfha h' Tjqkaf.a iïm%odhsl fou< m% f oa Y hhs i,lk N+ ñ fhys is x y,hs k a úYd, m% u dKhla mÈxÑ lrkq ,nk fyhs k a fuu fhda c kd l% u j,g fou< lKa v dhï úfrda O h mEy' rch YS% ,xldj talSh rgls" tys mqrjeishkag Tjqka wfmalaId lrk mßÈ
´kEu m%foaYhlg ksoyfia .uka l< yels h" wjYH kï we;eï ckhska jvd ksIamdokSh m%foaYhkays w¨f;ka mÈxÑ lrkakg mq`Mjk hk u;h orhs' Tjqka úreoa O jka f ka mq o a . ,hka jYfhka ixl%uKh ùug fkdj m%foaYfha jd¾.sl ixhq;sh fjkia lsÍfï wruqfKka lrk wdKavqfõ uyd mßudK ckmolrK fhda c kd l% u hka g muKla nj hhs fou< lKavdhï m%;spdr olaj;s' 1983 cd;sjd§ ler,s flda,dy,j,ska miq wdKavj q talh S rdcHhlg mlaImd;S ùug Èjqreï §u m%;l s f a Iam lrk ´kEu mlaIhla md¾,sfïka;f = jka neyer lsÍfï kS;s f.k taug läkï úh' fuh ienE f,iu W;=f¾ yd kef.kysr fou< ck;djf.a Pkaoh §fï whs;h s wysñ lsÍula o ie,lsh hq;= wkaoñka m%cd;ka;j % d§ fou< úreoaO md¾Yjh ÿ¾j, yd yqfol,d lsÍula o úh' fuh tf,iu fou< igkaldó jHdmdrhg kj n|jd .ekSï i|yd ire ìula o iemhS h' 1980 .Kkaj, w. Nd.fha t,aààBh m%uL q fou< igkaldó lKavdhu f,i u;= wdfõ h'
t,a à àBh tl mq o a . ,fhl= úis k a kdhl;ajh fok ,o foaYh S yd úfoaY.; fou< m% c djka f .a mq ` M,a iyfhda . hla nqla;s ú¢k ikakoaO lKavdhula
f,i .=Kdx.SlrKh úh' th Èú ms§fï ixialD;shla mj;ajd .;a w;r iudka;r wdKa v q j la mj;a j d .ks ñ ka ia j hx kS¾K whs;sh fjkqfjka fmkS isáfha h' ;sïmq uQ,O¾u u; mokïj fou< B,ug úl,a m hla imhk f,i th È.ska È.gu b,a,d isáfha h' w;S;fha t,aààBh oq¾j, lsÍu fyda yqfol,d lsßu i|yd Bg tfrysj Èh;a lrk ,o wkql%ñl hqoaO iy m%;sm;a;s yeu úgu wdmiq lerl=fKa th ;j ÿrg;a Yla;su;a lrñks' flfia jqj o hqoaOfha j;auka wÈhr rcfha wdrlaIl yuqod ie,lsh hq;= uÜgulska t,aààBh ÿ¾j, lr ;sfí' 1953 y¾;d,fha is g 1980 uy jev j¾ckh olajd o 1956 —i;H.%y˜ wr., Tiafia o 70 .Kkaj, fmdÿ foaYmd,k jev Tiafia o 1972 jHjia:djg tfrys úfrdaO;d ls%hdfjys§ o 80 .Kkaj, isg ue;sjrK m%pKav ls%hd j,§ o fmkakqï lr we;s mßÈ hqla;sh yd iudk;ajh i|yd jk ´kEu b,a , S u lg rdcH m%;spdrh ù we;af;a u¾okh hs'
4' ;reK ckhd /äl,alrKh ùu m% u dKj;a foa Y md,k yd wd¾Ól ixj¾Okfha o" wd¾Ól m%;s,dN
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
yd ;SrKd;aulj nef`oa' lsisu fldkafoaishla kE hk m%ldY wdKavqfõ foaYmd,k{hska yd wdKavqjg lfâ hk úoaj;=ka hk fofldgi u lrkq ,nk mÜgm,a fndre h'
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jvd;a ler,s .i;s' 1948 isg YS% ,xldj m%Odk jYfhka tys ;reKhka úiska fufyhjk ,o foaYmd,k ysxikh wvx.= lr .;a m%Odk ler,s ;=kla w;a oel ;sfí' fuu ler,sj,g Wmldrl jQ yd odhl jQ fndfyda iudc" wd¾Ól iy foaYmd,k ;;a;ajhka YS% ,xldõ ;reK mrïmrdfõ úúO tfy;a jeo.;a yd bgq fkdlrk ,o wfmalI a djka úoyd oela ùh' 1970 .Kkaj, isg iudk iudc-wd¾Ól miq ì ï j,s k a meñKs is x y, yd fou< ;reK mrïmrdj
we;=<; yd w;r fuu /äl,alrKfha yd mrdfrdamKfha È.=jla we;s lf
cúfmys yd t,aààBfha j¾Okh fuu iudc-wd¾Ól" foaYmd,k yd ixialD;sl idOl úiska r`.mdk ,o N+ñldj wjOdrKh lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Tjqkaf.a by< yd jefvk ú/lshdjg iykhla fia oelsh yels úh'
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iudc" wd¾Ól yd foaYmd,k Ôú;hg ls%hdldÍj iyNd.s ùfï wjia:djkaf.a wvq j mj;s k iudc- foa Y md,k yd u;jd§ ;;a;ajh;a tys yr moaO;Skq;a m%Yak lsÍug mgka .;a ;reK ckhd w;r m%;sm,hla jYfhka fkdi;=gg u. mdok w;Hka; wd;;s ;;a;ajhkag u. mE§ h' fuu úIh uQ,l ;;a;ajh úma,ùh fjkil wjYH;dj ufkdauQ, jYfhka wjfnda O lr .eks u lrd Tjqka fufyh ùh' iudc" wd¾Ól yd foaYmd,k fjkila y÷kajd §fuys yd Tjqkaj wka;¾.%yKh lr .ekSfuys,d jQ md,l m%N+ ;ka;%fha wiu;a Ndjh ;reK ckhdf.a nyq;rh mrdfrdamKh lf
Tjqkaf.a wd¾Ól" foaYmd,k ixialD;sl whs ; S k a f.a fida o d md¨jg tfrys j ler,s .id ;sfí' fuu foa Y md,k m% p Ka v ;a j h rfÜ ;reK mrïmrdfõ ixia:dmk úfrdaë ufkda N djhka ks f hda c kh lf
cúfmys yd t,a à àBfha j¾Okh fuu iudc-wd¾Ól" foa Y md,k yd ixialD;sl idOl úiska r`.mdk ,o N+ñldj wjOdrKh lf
fhdoñka cúfm yd t,aààB hk fol u u¾okh lf
l
fkdj i;=rka f,i ÿgy'
4'1 ol=fKa /äl,alrKh cúfmys uQ,hka yeg .Kkaj, ueo olajd Èfõ' iuiiudc-fldñhqksiaÜ-utfm jdudxYsl tlai;a fmruqfKa fldgia 1964 § OfkaYajr foaYmd,k mlaI yd iïnkaO jQy' jdudxYsl tlai;a fmruqK úiska we;s l< ßla;h msrùu i|yd kj —jHdmdrh˜ cúfm fmrg meñKsfha h' cúfm mqj;am;a m%ldYhg m;a lrñka " ryis.; foaYmd,k mx;s yd újdo mj;ajñka" YsIH ix.ï Pkaoj,§ ;r. lrñka" tys iydhl moku mj;ajd .ekS u g Ys I H j¾ck fufyhjñka w¾O ryis.;j jev lf
cúfm isxy, cd;sljdofha yd udlaiajd§ u;jdofha ñY%Khla ksfhdackh lrhs' tys cd;s l jd§ uQ , h w;S ; is x y, rdcOdksj, ft;sydisl YS% úN+;sh u; r|d mj;shs' thg —ud;D N+ñh˜ wdrlaId lsÍu u.ska isxy, fn!oaO ixialD;sl wkkH;dj úoyd oela úh yels yd ngysr ixialD;sl mßydksh ksfYaOkh l< yels talSh rdcHhla uqÿka muqKqjd .kakg Wjukd h' tfy;a Tjqkaf.a iudcjdoh ms<sn| woyi fidamdydikSh f,i hg;a úð; ks¾udKhla jk talSh rdcHfha wdrlaIdj fjkqfjka tys we;s lemùu u.ska Wm.%yKh lr ;sfí' cúfm ol=fKa ;reK ckhd id¾:l f,i n,uq`M .ekaùug iu;a ù ;sfí' tfy;a uQf,damdhsl yd Wml%ñl jerÈ
lr ;s f í' th fojrla uD. f,i u¾okh lrk ,o kuq;a h<s ixúOdkh ùug yd tys flaka§%h fhduqj mx;sfhka cd;s l jdohg udre lrñka m% d Kj;a ùug iu;aj ;sfí' 1971 m
w;r isxy," fou< yd bx.S%is odhsfka cd;sl NdId f,i ms<s.;af;a h ^cúfm 1978&' tfia u th fou< yd uqia,sï ckhd i|yd —ienE iudk wjia:djka ie,iSu yd iajhx md,kh˜ fmdfrdkaÿ úh'flfia jqj o 1983 l`M cQ,s l, flda , dy,j,g Tka k fuka k ls h d ;sìh§ fï m%;m s ;a;s w;a yer oeó h' bkaÿ ,xld .súiqug tfrys 1980 .Kkaj, w. Nd.fha Tjqkaf.a wr.,h —foaYfm%aó˜ úfrdaO;djkag yd j¾ckj,g iyNd.s ùu m% ; s l a f Ia m ls Í u iïnka O fhka lï;rejka yd foaYmd,k úreoaOjd§ka ÿisï .Kkla rel="nofollow">d;kh lr oukq ,eîug u. mE§ h' cúfm oeka l=uk wdldrfha n, fn§ulg jQj È.ska È.g u oeä fia úreoaO jk isxy, cd;sljd§ mlaIhla njg msßyS ;sfí - ^u;= iïnkaOhs&
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
idOdrKj fn§fï yd idOdrK wjia:djkaf.a o wvqj ;reK ckhdf.a /äl,a l rKh i|yd jk w;HjYH ;;a;ajhka iemhS h' i¾jck Pkaoh iy Pkaoh §fï jhi wvq lsÍu l%shdldÍ foa Y md,khg iyNd.s ùug ;reK ckhdg wjldY ie,iSh' 1945 § y÷kajd ÿka ksoyia wOHdmkh yd wOHDmkh ,eîfï udOHh foaYSh NdIdjkag udre lsÍu Wiia wOHdmk wjia:djkaf.a jHdma ; s h g u. mE§ h' fuh .% d óh ;reK ckhdg idor wiajeis,a,la yd
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Y%S ,xldfõ mqj;am;aj,ska ishhg 50 lg jeä m%udKhla m%jD;a;s ,nd .ekSu msKi s Ndú;d lrkafka tla uQ,dY%hla muKs' udOHfõ§kaf.a wdpdr O¾u .ek wjfndaOhla we;af;a furg udOHfõ§kaf. ka wvlg muKs ' udOHfõoS k a f .a wdpdrO¾u ud,dfõ msgm;la ;ud i;=j we;s udOHfõÈka isákafka ishhg 11la muK h' fuys i`oyka lf
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
fuhska meyeÈ,s jkafka YS% ,xldfõ udOH Ndú;h iïnkaOj uyck fiajd jákdlï mßydkshg m;afjñka mj;sk njhs ' Bg fya ; = idOl f,i fndfyda udOHfõ§ka m%ldYlr isákafka foaYmd,k wjYH;d" jdksc lrKh iy mqoa.,sl ysñldß;ajh idOkSh f,i udOH yeisrùu fufia , rel="nofollow">qùug n,md we;s nj h'
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mSÉ ^PIECH& m¾fhaIK uOHia:dkh weußldfõ ck udOH iïnkaOj uE;lÈ l< wOHhkhl§ fy<s j Q f;dr;= r e lsysmhla o fuys i`oyka l< yels h' trg Èkm;d mqj;am;aj, lshfjk foa ms<sn`o weußldkqjkaf.ka ishhg 45la ;=< lsisu úYajdihla ke;' o ksõfhdala ghsïia mdGlhkaf.ka ishhg 21 ;uka lshjk ish¨ foa úYajdi lrk w;r ishhg 14 la lsisjla u úYajdi fkdlr;s' fï w;r o ksõfhdala ghsïia m;%h miq .sh jir ;=< ksjerÈ lsÍï 3200 la m< fldg we;' fï ;;a;ajfhka f.dv tau msKsi .; hq;= ls%hdud¾.h f,i tu m;%fha m%Odk l¾;D ì,a fl,¾ m%ldY lrkafka ku fy<sorõ fkdlrk uQ,dY% Ndú;h iSud
mYapd;a hqo iufha YS% ,xldfõ iudc foaYmd,k yev .eiau ;=< idOkSh fjkialï rdYshla we;s úh hq;= njg ck iudch ;=< wfmalaIdjla fuka u b,a,d isàula o olskakg ;sfí' ish¨ úkdYhka yd fÄojdplhka w;S;hg
m%Yakhla njg m;a fjñka ;sfí' th tfia ùug m%n, fya;=jla jkafka udOH ksoyi yd foaYmd,k n,h ;=< mj;sk iyiïnka O ;djhs ' mj;a k d iudc ika o ¾Nh ;= < n,h ks i el f,iu úfõpkh msgq olS' Bg tfrysj lsh % d;aul fõ' yeu úgu úmlaIh udOHhg fmï n£' n,h i|yd hk .ufka Yla;su;a ierháhla njg udOH m;a lr .ekSu n,h wysñ lKavdhfï wfmalaIdjhs'
,xldj udOHfõ§kayg ish jD;a;sh bgq ls Í u i|yd b;du;a wjodkï rgla yeáhg ye¢kaùu .ek o hula lsj hq;= h' fujeks wNd.H iïmkak
Ndr fldg kj hym;a iudchla iy;sl lr .ekSu Wfoid ck udOHj,g mejfrk j.lSu w;s úYd, h' tfy;a tjeks j.lSul msysgd lghq;= lsÍug lsisÿ iQodkula ,xldfõ udOH ;=<ska úoHudk fkdfõ' udOH u¾okh yd udOH ksoyi Wfoid jk wkjr; wr.,h furg iod;ksl
rejkag ke;' >Dcq tä;r udOHfõ§ka fjf;d;a Tjqkaj u¾okhg mdr lmkq ,nkafka hg lS —ifydaor˜ udOHfõ§ka msßi úisks' Tjqyq ,dN m%fhdack wfmalaIdfjka fuu ks¾,Êð; mdjd §fuys fhfo;s' udOHfõ§kag furg wjodkï ìï lvla nj mejiSu tla w;lg uqidjls' uka o furg udOH lafIa;%fha kshq;= m%uqLhska fndfyda msßia is;a fia rc fndcqka j<|ñka ;=gq mygqj fhfyka osú f.jk nj mdGlhskag ryila fkdjk fyhsks' foa Y md,{fhda " foa Y md,k mla I " wdKavq t;s' h;s' tfy;a udOH fmkS is á h hq ; a f ;a rfÜ;a ckldjf.a ; a wdrlaIdj yd wjYH;d fjkqfjks' ta i|yd Yla;su;a fld\q weg fuka u >Dcq wdpdr O¾u moaO;s yd úkh udOH lafIa;%h ;=< ls%hd;aul úh hq;= h' hqoaOh mej;s miq.sh fojirl ld,h ;=< furg udOHj, Ndú;dj iïnkaOj iunr úfõpk fyda w.ehSï olakg fkdù h' mej;sfha .eUqre ksye`ähdjls' ;,a fld
;;a;ajhla we;s ù ;sfí kï Bg m%:u j.W;a;rlrejd jkafka o furg fndfyda udOHfõ§kaf.a lsh % dldß;ajh hs' wo rg ;=< mj;skafka cq.=maidckl udOH ixialD;shls' foaYmd,k n,j;=kf a .a yd ¥Is; mqoa.,hkaf.a kHdh m;% yd ´kE tmdlï wkqj mEk yeisr ùu ms<sn|j lsiu s ysßls;hla nyq;rhla ck udOHl-
W;=re wh¾,ka;fha yd ol=Kq wm%sldfõ .egqïldÍ ;;a;ajhka jd¾;d lsÍfuka w;a oelSï ,o î'î'iS udOHfõÈfhl= fuka u rejkavdfõ .egqï jd¾;d lsÍu fjkqfjka iïudkfhka msÿï ,o m¾,a fla k s ola j k woyia j ,g wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu uekjehs yef`.a' —mlaI.%dyS jd¾;dlrefjl=f.a ks.ukhg <`.d ùug wmg wjidk-
fha isÿ jqj o th mokï úh hq;af;a oekqu iy úuid ne,Su u; h' tla wfhla iyuq,ska u ÿIag jk w;r wfkld iyuq,skau hym;a hhs lshk ckudOH tl`.;dj iïnkaOfhka wm b;d mfriaiïúh hq;= h' fuh b;du uQ,sl iy ks i .fhka fmkS hk ldrKhla úh yels h' tfia kuq;a iajlSh wruqKq m%Yak lsÍug ck udOHfõ§ka olajk wleue;a; wmj ;s.eiaug m;a lrhs' wfma mx;sfha isák fndfyda fofkla iajhx ;Dma;shg o" iajhx iqúfYaISNdjhg o m;aj isá;s' th frda.hls' wkHhka újD; iy j.lsjhq;= úh hq;= hhs ck udOHfõ§ka jk wms b,a,d isáuq' tfy;a wfma u wvq mdvq .ek idlÉPd lsÍug fhdackdjQ úg wms l=ms; fjuq'
;ud w; jrola we;ehs ms<s .ekSug fndfyda fofkl= leu;s ke;' kuq;a tjeks t<s oelaùula ck udOHfha Ôj reêrh fõ' wyxldrh" iajhx ;Dma;sh" wdrlaIdldÍ ùu u.ska ck udOHfõ§ w¥ro¾YSNdjh we;s lrhs' wjidkfha § isÿ jkafka wm wfma u w.;Skaf.a m%siauh ;=<ska f,dalh n,kakg mqreÿ ùuhs' wm lsis Èfkl f,dalh wmg ´kE whqßka n,kakg mqreÿ fkdúh hq;= h' tfia u lsis fohla ta yeáhg úYajdi lrkak;a mqreÿ fkdúh hq;= h' u; yd m%jD;a;s meyeÈ,sj u fjka lr olskakg mqreÿ úh hq;= h'˜ wdrlaIl udOHfõ§ka jeä u msßila isák rg njg miq .sh hqo iufha ,xldj m;aj ;snqKs' wdrlaIl udOHfõ§kaf.a lsh % dldß;ajh fld;rï iqúfYaI; S djhla ks¾udKh lr ;snqfKa o h;a hqo mqj;a
jd¾;d l< we;euqka udOH wdh;k ;=< ì%f.aäh¾,d fuka yeisfr;ehs fpdaokd o t,a, úh' ,xldfõ wdrlaIl mqj;a jd¾;dlrKh yqfola ;s%úO yuqod iy fmd,Sish u; mokï jQ uQ,dY% flfrys muKla iSud ù ;sfí' th hqoaOh úiska u ;yjqre jQ ;;a;ajhls'
úfYaIfhka isxy, mqj;am;a ish,a, u mdfya ish jd¾;d i|yd mdol lr .kafka wdlaIl wxY imhk f;dr;=re muK h' isoê a hg wod< m%foaYfha ckhdf.ka ,nd .kakd f;dr;=re úuid jd¾;djg we;=<;a lsÍug Tjqka fm
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ks j erÈ yd w.;s f hka f;dr f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lsÍug ,xldfõ udOH wiu;a jk neõ furg udOHfõ§kaf.ka ishhg 87la úYaajdi lr;s' furg udOH lasishï lKavdhï flfrys mCI.% d yS neõ Y% S ,xldfõ udOHfõ§kaf.ka ishhg 80 la úYajdi lr;s'
ks
lsÍu yd lreKq jYfhka jerÈ wvq lr .ekSu;a m%jD;a;s yd u; w;r meyeÈ,s fjkila mj;ajd .ekSu;a flfrys bÈß ld,h ;=< o ghsïia igka jÈk nj h' tfy;a mdGl úYajdih ì| jeàu flfrys mqj;a mf;a md,kfhka f;dr idOl fndfyduhla mj;sk nj fyf;u olajhs'
Y%S ,xldfõ udOH Ndú;h
Wfoaks iukal=udr
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ta'ã'mS' r;akdhl
zzkQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh ish¿u wdKavq l%uhka w;ßka wju krl tl fjhsZZ' - úkaikaÜ p¾Ñ,a ú kaikaÜ p¾Ñ,a wmg kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdofha whkak wdhkak lshjQ ì%;dkHfha ysgmq w.ue;s jrfhls' f,da iqm;," lD;yia; foaYmd,k{fhl= jYfhka kQ;k m%cdk;a;%jdoh .ek Tyqf.a ks.ukhg wkqj f,dalfha úúO wdKavql%u mj;S fyda mej;sks' tajd wvq jeä jYfhka krl tajd fjhs' tajdhska wvqu krl tl kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jd§ wdKavq l%uhhs' krlu wdKavql%uhl isg wju krl m%cd;ka;%jd§ wdKavql%uhla lrd wdKavql%u úldYh jQfha l=uk mokula u; o" udkj b;sydih mqrd wdKavql%u mej;=fka o" bÈßhg;a mj;skafka o úuid ne,Su jeo.;a h' l%s' mQ' 10"000 § werôkehs ms<s.efkk kj Ys,d hq.fha wjidk wjêfha § iudcfha ixúOdk iajrEmh jQfha f.da;%hhs' zziEu f.da;%hlgu kdhlfhl= isá w;r Tyq ish f.da;%fha ck;djg lDIsld¾ñl lghq;=" f,day jev" jvq jev yd frÈ úùu jeks Ys,am jeä ÈhqKq lr .ekSu i|yd ys;lr jd;djrKhla f.dv k.d .ekSug kdhl;ajh ÿkafkahZZ ^î' ù' rdfjda& w;a±lSï nyq, fÊHIaGhkaf.a Wmfoia iy uÕ fmkaùï ms<s.ekSu iïm%odh iy isß; jQ w;r f.da;%h zmd,khz lrkq ,enQfha tuÕska muKs' wd¾hhka bkaÈhdjg meñKSfuka wdrïNjk ffjÈl YsIaGdpdrfha uq,a wjêfha § wd¾h f.da;% ;=< o fmr i|yka ,laIK mej;suq;a ia:djr mÈxÑ ùu;a" ksIamdokh mq¿,a ùu;a" ksrka;r f.da;s%l wr.,;a ksid miq wjêfha f.da;%fha ixúOdk jHqyh fjkilg n÷ka ù n%dyauK" laI;%sh" ffjYH yd Y=ø l=, l%uh mokñka mx;s úIu;d we;s fjkakg we;ehs î' ù" rdfjda lshhs' fï l%uh ;=< kS;s mekùu rcq o kS;s l%shd;aul lsÍu idudðlhka iy iydhlhka o u.ska isÿ ù we;' flfia jqj o iq¿;rhla jQ fï msßi Okj;a m%N+ mx;shg wh;a jQ w;r Tjqkaf.a wêldrh l%shd;aul jQfha Okh
kQ;k hqfrdamSh YsIaGdpdrfha moku jQ mqrdK .%Sisfha fï mßj¾;kh isÿjkafka bkaÈhdjg jvd fjkia wdldrhlsks' .%Sl iudch m%N+ka" ksoyia ñksiqka iy jy¨ka jYfhka mx;s ;=klska iukaú; úh' zmqrjeishkaZ f,i i,lkq ,enQ m%N+ka iq¿;rhla Pkao n,fhka Tjqkaf.ka fldgila kS;s iïmdokh" l%shd;aul lsÍu iy wêlrK n,h iys; zuKav,hgZ ksfhdað;hka f,i f;dard m;alrkq ,eìK' ksoyia jeishka" jy¨ka iy ldka;djkag lsisÿ whs;shla fkd;snqks' Demos + cracy - ^mqrjeishd ¬ md,kh& Democraey fyj;a m%cd;ka;%jdoh f,i tu fm!r rdcH md,kh w¾: ±laùug mqrjeis mx;shgu wh;a .S%l od¾Ysklhka W;aiql ùu wyUq isÿúula fkdfõ' kq;k m%cd;ka;%jdofha jHqyuh ,CIK jq jHjia:dodhlh" úOdhlh iy wêlrKho" md¾,sfïka;= ksfhdað;hka" ckaoh" ue;sjrK wd§ wfkla ,CIK o we;Ekaia m%cd;ka;%jdofhka Wlyd f.k miqld,Skj 15 jk ishjfika miq isÿjq iudc - wd¾Ól úm¾hdihkaf.a m%;sM,hla ksid fmdaIKh jq nj fmfka' .S%l fm!r rdcHhkaf.a mßydksh ^ls%( mq( 4 jk ishji ueo& iuÕ m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| ixl,amh b;sydifha ieÕj hñka taldêm;s
rc" m%;srdcjre fyda wdKavqldr jre" weu;s ukav," hqO fiakdjka" nJOkd.dr iy ks,OdÍka wd§kaf. ka iukaú; jQ rdcdKavq iajrEmfha rdcHh u;= úh' uOHld,Sk hq.h fyj;a ro<jdofha hq.h wjika ù kQ;k hq.h fyj;a Okjdofha hq.h Wodfj;au rdcHh b;sydifha ieÕj ;snQ m%cd;ka;%jd§
;=k h' m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| meyeÈ,s lsÍï rdYshla we; o tys wvx.= uQ,sl isoaOdka;hka folla ms<sn| fmdÿ tlÕ;djhla mj;S' 1' ish¿u mqrjeishka md,k n,fhka fyì fkdjqk o ta i|yd Tjqkg iudk m%fõYhka we;' 2'
ish¿u mqrjeishka kS;Hdkql+, ksoyi iy iajdëk;ajh N=la;s ú¢;s'
fï uQ,sl isoaOdka;hka wkqj jHjia:dms; m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;=< ;sìh hq;= m%Odk ,CIK'
ixl,amh bÈßhg .ksñka ta wkqj iuQy wdKavq" uyck iuQy wdKavq" wd§ úúO yevhka ;=<ska bÈßhg .uka lr we;' fufia úldYh jQ kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jd§ wdKavq l%uhkaf.a uQ,sl wdldr ;=kls'
1' ue;sjrK" 2' foaYmd,k mlaI" 3' i¾jck Pkao n,h' 4' nyq;r Pkaofhka ;SrK .ekSu 5' iq¿;rfha whs;Ska wdrlaId lsÍu" 6' iajdëk wêlrKh" 7' uQ,sl isú,a whs;Ska wdrlaId lsÍu" 8' jHjia:dms; l%shdj,shla uÕska wdKavq l%ufha ´kEu wxYhla fjkia lsÍfï yelshdj
1'
hk tajd h'
2'
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we;Ekaia jeks l=vd rdcHj, ish¿ zmqrjeishkaZf.a iyNd.S;ajfhka l%shd;aul jQ iDcq m%cd;ka;%jdoh' ck.ykh j¾Okh ùu ksid /iaùfï wmyiq;djh mek ke.=fkka f;dard.;a ksfhdað;hka uÕska l%shd;aul jQ ksfhdað; m%cd;ka;%jdoh' zzksfhdað; m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;=, CIKsl nyq;rh iq¿;rhg ydkshla we;s l< yels m%;sm;a;Ska l%shd;aul lSÍfï yelshdj ieuúgu mj;sk ^maf,afgda& fyhska fuu ÿ¾j,;djh uÕ yerùu i|yd mqoa.,sl fyda iduQysl whs;Ska iy;sl flfrk j.ka;s jHjia:dms; lsÍu uÕska nyq;rfha yeisÍu md,kh lsÍu i|yd jk jHjia:dms; m%cd;ka;%jdoh hkq ta wdldr
tfy;a m%cd;ka;%jdofha uQ,sl isoaOdka; fldf;la ÿrg m%dfhda. sl ±hs fndfyda úoaj;a;= m%%Yak lr;s' n¾kdâ fIda lshkafka zm%cd;ka;%jdoh" ÿ¾j,hka fndfyda fokd f.a Pkaoh uÕska ¥Is;hka ál fofkl= m;a lsÍug j. n,d .kSZ lshd h' ÿ¾j," wNd.H iïmkak jeä fokdg ^idudkH fmdÿ ck;djg& zn,h i|yd iudk m%fõYhka tkï f;dard m;alsÍug fyda f;dard m;a lrkq ,eîug we;s whs;sh jHdc tlla nj;a th yqfola ¥Is;hka ál fofkl= f;dardm;a lsÍfï whs;shla muKla nj;a Tyqf.a m%ldYfhka woyia fjhs' Y%S ,xldfõ jvd;au isÿjk mßÈ" f;aÍm;a jQ uka;%Sjre úmCIfha isg jrm%ido fjkqfjka wdKavqjg tl;=ùu
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
m%cd;ka;%jdofha Ndú; h:d¾:h
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue 12
iy ;rd;sru wysñ zzuyd uejqïlref.aZ fom;=f,ka ìys jQ˜ Y=øhka u; nj meyeÈ,sh' fuh iïm%odh iy isß;a uÕska muKla fufyh jQ merKs f.da;%sl ixúOdk jHqyhg jvd yd;amiskau fjkia zmx;suhZ jHqyhls' tys iajrEmh Bgu wdfõKsl zrdcdKavqjZ úh' tu rdcdKavqj,g o ,sÅ; jHjia:d fkd;snQ w;r n%dyauK idys;Hfha wka;¾.; iQ;% uÕska md,lhskag uÕ fmkaúK'
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flfia jqj o Okj;a m%N+ka úiska jy¨ka iy ldka;djka we;Ekaia m%cd;ka;%jdofhka neyer l,dla fuka kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdofhka idudkH ck;dj neyer l< fkdyels ù we;' ksIamdokh fkdje,elaúh yels f,i iudÔh ùfï §" wo úfYaIfhka f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh tu ld¾h w;s fõ.j;a lr we;s úfgl ck;dj úêud;% m%cd;ka;%jdofhka Tíng hdu ld,h ms<sn| m%Yakhla muKls'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
i¾jck Pkao whs;sfha iudÔh jákdlu md¾,sfïka;= fj<|fmd, ;=, yqjudre jákdlula njg m;alsÍuls' tkï úlsKSuls' fuh ziy;sl lr we;s whs;shZ wdmiq kskaÈ; f,i fld,a,lEuls' ue;s weu;sjrekaf.a ¥IK iy w,a,ia .ekSu o i¾jck Pkao whs;sh úlsKSuls' tjeks wjia:dj,§ Tjqka ,nd.kakd zjákdluZ woDIHudkh' W!k m%d.aOkh iys; wfma jeks rgj, rdcH foam< fld,a,lEu iy w,a,ia .ekSu uÕska m%d.aOk W!k;djh msßuid .ekSu jHdmdßl fCIa;%fha foaYmd,kh ù we;'
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kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| .eUqre iy ±ä úfõpkhla udlaiajdoh úiska t,a, lrkq ,nhs' wd¾Ól wiudk;djh jdia;úl jQ Okjd§ iudchl foaYmd,k wiudk;djh wksjd¾h h' ta wkqj kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh fyj;a zOkjd§ m%cd;ka;%jdohZ" b;du;a oshqKq m%cd;ka;%jd§ rgl jqjo úêud;% m%cd;ka;%jdohla ñi ck;djg jdia;úl m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy;sl lsÍug wfmdfydi;a ù we;' i;H jYfhka mj;sk foa iy jHjia:dms; iajrEmfhka mj;sk foa w;r m%;súfrdaOh úiska fmdÿ jYfhka m%cd;ka;%jdofha w¾nqoh W;aikak lrhs' udkj whs;ska fjkqfjka y`v k.k f,dj m%uqL m%cd;ka;%jdÈ rg jq weußldj .=jkakkdfuda isrlojqf¾ /oúhkag ie,l= ïf,aÉP wdldrh weußldkq m%cd;ka;%jdofha zjdia;úlZ iajrEmh ukdj fmkakqï lrhs' jev j¾ck" Woaf>daIK iy
úfrdaO;d fm<md,s ixúOdkh lsÍfï zksoyiZ jHjia:dms;j iy;sl lr we;' tfy;a mSä; ckfldgia tu ksoyi m%dfhda.slj Wr.d n,kakg W;aidy ork wjia:dj, zuyck iduh lvlsÍfïz fpdaokd hgf;a tajd u¾okh lsÍug wjYH w;=re wK mk;a ´kEu m%cdk;a;%jd§ jHjia:djl wvx.= fjhs' th ksoyfia ysig by<ska kQ,l t,a,k ,o wism;la n÷h' ;ukaf.au w¾: ±laùï wkqj hñka md,lhka tu kQ, ´kEu fudfyd;l lmd oukq we;' 1976 § wd¾Ól úoHdj ms<sn| fkdfn,a ;Hd.,dNS weußldkq wd¾Ól úoHd{ ñ,agka *%Sâuka ck;dj jeo.;a m%Yak .ek ±kqj;a ke;s kuq;a fkdjeo.;a iq¿ m%Yak .ek jqjo w.;s.dó woyia ±Íu m%cd;ka;%jdofha .eg¿jla hhs mjihs' idfmaCIj ck;djf.a ±kqfï by< uÜgu m%cd;ka;%jd§ Ndú;hg w;HjYH fldkafoaishls' tfy;a tu ±kqu imhk m%Odk udOHhka jHdmdßl uQ,O¾u u; f.dvke.=k tajd ysñlrejkaf.a Wjukdjka wkqj zksoyiZ hyñka N=la;s ú¢ñka zu;Z ksIamdokh lrk jHdmdr h' jHdc fya;= u;" tajd jHdc nj fy<sorõ ù ;sìh §;a weußldj iy ì%;dkH brdlh wdl%uKh lrk úg îîiS h tu wdl%uKh idOdrKSlrKh lf
,xldfõ foaYmd,k b;sydih foi ne,SfïoS md¾,sfïka;+ zzm%cd;ka;%jdoSZZ foaYmd,k wdh;khka ;=< ia;%S ksfhdackh b;du;a my< wähl mj;sk nj yd ;ju;a th tfiau jk nj meyeos,s i;Hhls' rgla f,i .;a l, YS% ,xldj tys foaYmd,k l%shdoduh ;=< ia;%S ksfhdackh jeä lsÍu Wfoid lsisu Wkkaÿjla fkdolajhs' tfy;a wm rg ish`tu m%cdjf.a isú,a yd foaYmd,k whs;sjdislï ms<sn`o cd;Hka;r iïuq;shg^ICCPR) tl`.j l%shd lsÍug 1998 § w;aika lr we;' tfy;a ish`tu mqreI n, wêldrhka mj;ajdf.k hñka " udkj úfrdaë wej;=ï mej;=ï fjkia lsÍu Wfoid jk Okd;aul m%úIaGhka iy m%{ma;Ska fkd;ld yßñka yd u¾okh lrñka foaYmd,k n,h ia:dms; fjñka hhs'
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Kh lrhs' tf,i m%cd;ka;%jdofha uq,O¾u tysu Ndú;hg tfrysj ke.s isà' kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh f,dj zwjidk wdKavq l%uhZ nj olajk ;j;a ud;jdohls' tfy;a udlaiajdoh b;d ;d¾lslj fmkajd fokafka j¾;udk Okjd§ iudc wd¾Ól l%uh lrd iudch ixj¾Okh ùfï§ ;j;a iudc wd¾Ól wjê lSmhla miqlr ú;a we;" th fN!;sl ksIamdokfha ixj¾Okh u; isÿ jQjls" ta wkqj j;auka OkjdÈ iudc wjêh w;S; wjê fukau h,a mek f.dia kj iudc wd¾Ól wjêhla lrd msúfikq we;" ta ta iudc wjê úiska tajdg WÑ; f,i f.dv k.d we;s rdcdKavq fyda iuQydKavq h,a mek .shd fiau kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh o iudc ixj¾Okh yuqfõ wj,x.= jkjd we;" kq;k m%cd;;a;%jdoh Okjdohg ,nd Èh yels by
YS% ,xldfõ foaYmd,k l%shdoduh ;=< ia;s%h lsishï ld¾hNdrhlg Wr§ isáh o foaYmd,k n,h i`oyd jk md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKj,g bÈßm;a ùu i`oyd iaa;%sh m%udKj;a whqßka ueÈy;a jkafka ke;' ia;s%h ms<sn`o iudc h:d¾:h jkafka mj;sk f.da,Sh yd foaYSh iudc wd¾Ól yd foaYmd,k mqreI hdka;%Kfha w;fld¨jla njg weh m;a lrf.k isàu iy weh thg f.dÿrej isàu hs' fuu ;;ajhka foi mshú isysfhka tkï úpCIKYS,S whqßka n,k" ia;%S oDIaáfldakhlska n,k msßila o j¾Okhù we; ' fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< fmdÿfõ .;a l, ia;%sh ;udju foaYmd,k wj;lafiarejlg ,la lrf.k l,a .; lrkq úkd —hy iudchla Wfoid jk foaYmd,k n,h ;=< ksfhdackh ùu ms<sn`o bfígu fhduq jkafka ke;s fyhska ta i`oyd wjOdrKh lsÍula iy Èß.ekaùula wjYHh˜ hk ldrKh oekqj;a isú,a iudch wjOdrKhg ,la fkdlsÍu o n,j;a jrols' fmdÿfõ .;a l, ish`tu foaYmd,k l%shdOrhska ˜iudch fjkia
lsßu˜ hk ldrKh wjOdrKhg .;a; o ta ;=< yß wvla u fjkiafldg my;g ouk ,o fkdjeo.;a fia ie,flk ys;du;du tfia i,lk ,o fldÜGdYhla jk Zia;%shZ isák nj wu;l lr ouhs' mqreI oDIaá fldakfhka neyerj ta .ek fkdis;hs' ia;%shf.a ixj¾Okh ms<sn`o l%shdud¾.hla .ekSu ta .ek is;Su " ,sùu " wjOdrKh lsßu .eyeKshlgu Ndr§ug W;aidy lrhs' fuh mqreIhkag ;rï fkdjk l%shdjla fia is;hs' fnfyda m%.;sYS,S hhs lshd .kakd fldgia mjd l%shd lrkafka tf,i hs' Y%S ,xldfõ isú,a iudch ;=< foaYmd,kfha o ;;a;ajh fuh u fõ' fï nj ue;sjrK iuhhkaysÈ wehg fokq ,nk wvq fldagd m%udKfhka meyeÈ,s fõ' tmuKla fkdj ta ish¨ n,fõ.hla u uyckhd w;r ia;%S kdhl;ajh kxjd,Sug lsisÿ lghq;a;la isÿ fkdlrhs' Y%S ,xldfõ ue;sjrK foi uolg úuid n,k l, fï ;;a;ajh uekúka meyeÈ,s fõ' 1956 md¾,sfïk;= ue;sjrKfha§ f;aÍ m;ajQ ia;%S m%;sY;h 3 '2 la jQ w;r wjqreÿ 48lg miq;a tkï 2004 jk jg;a tys j¾Okh 4 '8la olajd muKla ùfuka fuu ;;a;ajh meyeÈ,s fõ ^ uQ,dY%h ue;sjrK m%;sixialrKh yd ia;%S foaYmd,k ksfhdað; iuq`tj - ia;%S ksfhdackh uek n,k o;a; uE;la jk ;=reu jd¾;dù fkdue; &
j;auka foaYmd,kh yd ia;%sh
W;=re kef.kysr ia;%shg hqoaOh fiau hqoaOh fl<jrùu o Tjqkaf.a whs;Ska lmamdÿ lsßug fya;+ka ú we;s fiah' úfYaIfhka u
jkakslrfha fou< ni l:dlrk whg fï fol u tllg tlla fkdfofjks fia mSvd ,eîug fya;= ù we;' irKd.; l`ojqre ;=< fjfikakkaf.ka w;s nyq;rh ia;%Ska yd orejka fõ' Tjqka irKd.; l`ojqre fj;ska ;u .ïìï n,d msg;alr yeÍug ;j;a wjqreÿ ;=kla j;a .; fjk njla o wikakg ,efí' mqkre;a:dmk l`ojqrej, fjfikakkaf.a ;;ajhka .ek lsisjl=g;a oek.ekSug l%uhla we;af;a ke;' ck;djf.a Pkaofhka f;aÍ m;aù md¾,sfïka;=j ksfhdakh lrk wm rfÜ úreoaO mCIhg " iudc ixj¾Okh Wfoid l%shdlrk úúOjQ wdh;kj,g mjd Tjqka oelSug fyda wjirhla ,nd fkdoSfuka irKd.;hska yg i,lk wkaou iuia; f,dalhgu is;d .kakg mq`Mjk' wka n,.;= iEu jHqyhla fiau foaYmd,kh o mqreIhkaf.a n,dêldrhls' tyss wdrïNh o wol Bfhl fkdfõ' ish,q mqrjeishkaf.a fukau wehf.a o
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
fyauud,S úfÊisxy
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rEmjdysKsh ;=< ia;%sh fhdod .efkkqfha b;du;a kskaokSh whqßks' tys weh mqreI flakaøSh wjYH;djhkaf.a fiajd imhk iy Tjqkaf.a uk fod, mqrjk ne,fufyldßKsh hs' úúO n,hka w;alrf.k isák mqreIhdf.a w,aaf,a kegfjk rElvhla ùu wehg ysñ ;ek f,i yqjd olajhs' fuh wehf.a nqoaêhg yd ia;%S .re;ajhg nrm;, ks.djls' wehf.a ienE .re;ajh iq/lSug wehf.a iudcd¾Ól foaYmd,k ;,h by
f,i ie,fla ' hqoaOfhka miq j¾;udk foaYmd,kfha jvd;a u ia;%S úfrdaë
iajNdjh jkafka iudch ñ,sgß lrKh lsÍuhs' ,xld b;sydifhys fkdjq úrE whqßka lemS fmfkk ,CIKhla ù we;af;a yuqod kdhlhska yd wK fok ks,OdÍka ck;dj bÈßfha fm
j¾;udk foaYmd,kfhka wE;ska wE;g ;,a¨ lr oeóu hs' iduldñ f,djla ;ekSfï ld¾hfhaÈ ia;%Skaf.a foaYmd,k ueÈy;aùu b;d w.kd fufyjrla jkq we;s nj wo f,dalfha ms<s. ekSu ù we;s fyhska fnfyda rg j,a ;u jHjia:dms; uKav,hkag yd jHqyhkaga ia;%Ska jeä jeäfhka we;=<;alr .ksñka isà' ;ju;a wm rg fuu ud ye`.s wjYH;djh .ek lsisjla lr ke;s nj i;Hhls' l,la ;siafia u udkj whs;Ska .ek l:d lsßu yd l%shd lsßu ;=<ska Pkao Èkd .;a wo n,fha isák foaYmd,k{hska Bg mgyeksj l%shdlrñka hk wdldrfhka u ia;%Skag fld;rï f.!rj lrkafka o hkakg ta l%u fõoh ;=
wo jk úg md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< w`t;a mk;la ms<sn`o l:d ny wefia tys cd;Skag yd wd.ïj,g m%cd;ka;%sh ue;sjrK j,g bÈßm;aùu .ek i,ld ne,Sug kshñ; w;r ia;%S ksfhdackh kexùu .ek l:d nyla wefia' fï jljdkqj ;=< ia;%S l%shdldßkshka o Tjqkaf.a y`v foaYmd,kh ;=< Yla;su;a lrkafka flfia o hkak .ek is;d n,ñka isà' wo jk 21 jeks msgqjg ''''
jika; Èidkdhl
ka,ka; yd c¾udkq úma,jj,ska miq f,dal úma,j ms
*s
f.ms â ia hkd§ f.da ; % s l fhda fulS N+ñfha úúO m%foaYj,g ixl%uKh ù tajdfha ish wdêm;Hh msysgqjd .;ay' úYd, N+ñ Nd.hl me;sr jHdma;jQ f.da ; % s l hka jQ f ha u.a h d¾jre h' fuu u.ahd¾ f.da;%sl m%foaY tlai;a lsÍfukqhs yxf.aßhdkq rdcHhla uq,k s u a ilia jkafka' flfia jqj o ia:djr rdcHhla f,i yxf.arshdj mej;aug tkafka ls%' j' 1000 oS h' tkuqÿ yxf. aßhdjg tys b;sydih mqrdu isÿ jQfha wdl%uKj,g uqyqK §ughs' fudxf. da,a wdl%uK" ;=¾ls wdl%uK" ´iaá%hdkq wdl%uK wd§ jYfhka tlla miq mi tlla wdl%uK Tiafiahs yxf.aßhdjg .uka lrkakg isÿj ;snqfKa' wjidk jYfhka yxf.aßhdj hg;aj ;s n q f Ka ´ia á % h djg' ´ia á % h dfõ
kdhl;ajfhka mej;s wdêm;H n,h ye¢ka jqfKaa yeíian¾.a wêrdcHh ls h ,hs ' yxf.a ß hdj ye¢ka jq f Ka Tia f g% d a yxf.a ß hdj hkq f jkq h s ' yeíian¾.a wêrdcH md,khg tfrysj 1703 -11 ld,h ;=< ksoyi i|yd wr.,hla isÿ jqj o th wid¾:l úh' wk;=rej m%n, ksoyia wr.,hla yg .efkkafka 1848 § hs' 1849 wfm%a,a 14 Èk ksoyi m%ldYhg m;a flfrk w;r ,dfcdaia fldiq;a wdKavqldrckdêm;s jYfhka m;a flreKs' tfy;a yeíian¾.a wêrdchdf.a wdOdr b,a,d flreKq wdrdOkfhka yxf.aßhdjg meñKs n,.;= reishka yuqodjl yd ´iaá%hdkq yuqodjl taldnoaO m%ydrhla yuqfõ yxf.aßhdkq ksoyia yuqodjkag hg;a fjkakg isÿúh' yxf.aßhdkq
yxf.aßhdkq úma,jh Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
whs;Skag .re l< hq;= hehs lshd we;s fldf;l=;a j.ka;Ska we;=<;a iïuq;s fyda m%{ma;Skaj,g tlai;a cd;Ska f,i talrdYS jqKq rgj,a tlish .Kkska tlla jk wm rg o w;aika ;nd we;s uq;a fuu n,.;= jHqyhka ;=
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yxf.aßhdkq ksoyia igk h<s mrdch flreK o wêrdcHfha wNHka;r yd ndysr m%Yak fya;= fldg f.k yxf. ß a hdj mQ¾K hg;a rdHhka f,i taldnoaOj mj;ajd .ekSu ÿIalr úh' tfyhska tl wêrdcHhla hgf;a ´iaáh % dkq yd yxf. aßhdkq hkqfjka wdKavq folla mj;ajd .kakg isÿ úh'
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
fï wjêh jk úg m
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hq o a O fha mrdð; md¾Yjhg wh;a j Q Tiafg%da yxf.aßhdkq rdcdKavqj tys m%;sm,hla jYfhka ì| jeáK' kj wdKa v q j la we;s úh' yxf.a ß hdfõ muKla fkdj ´iaá%hdj" refïkshdj wd§ rgj,a .Kkdjlu úma , ùh ls%hdldrs;ajhka /,a,la u yg .eksK' fï yuqfõ kj md,kh ì| jegqK w;r B<`.g msysgqjQ wdKavqjg o lsisjla l< yels fkdù h' Bg o È.ska È.g u idxisoaêlj ke.S me;sfrkakg jQ j¾ck /,a,g uqyqK §ug isÿ úh' 1918 cQks 18 Èk wdrïN flreK uyd jev j¾ckh bÈßhg we§ .sfha uyck /iaùï" fm<md,s /,a,la iu.sks' lïlre mx;sh w;r muKla fkdj fin`Mka w;r o .ïno f.dùka w;r o úfrdaO;djka u;= fjkakg úh' fï jev j¾ck yd úfrdaO;d /,a,;a iu. reishdfõ mßoafoka u lïlre iNd" fin< iNd mek ke.sK' fï j¾Okhka iu. NS;shg m;a jQfha ,snr,a Okm;s mx;sh muKla fkdfõ' iudc m% c d;ka ; % j d§ kdhlfhda o NS;shg m;a jQy' ta wkqj cQks 21 Èk jev j¾ckh w;a ys g q ù ug Tjq y q
;SrKh l
kej;a ùug W;aidyhl fhÿk o th ksIam, nj ta jk úg;a ;Skaÿ ù yudr h' Tlaf;dan¾ 28 Èk yxf.aßhdjg ksoyi b,a,d fhdaO fm<md,s meje;a fjkakg mgka .;a w;r tÈk yxf.a ß hdj ckrchla f,i m%ldYhg m;a flßK' 30 Èk lïlrejka f .a " fin`Mka f .a " kdúlhka f .a yd Ys I Hhka f .a fhda O ke.sàula we;s úK' ùÈ ler,slrejkaf. ka ms Í b;s Í .s f ha h' —is g q j rhs k a Nx.fõjd˜" —;jÿrg;a hqoaOh tmd˜" — wK fokafka lïlre yd fin< iNd u.s k a muKs ˜ jeks igka mdGj,s k a k.rh .s.ï = ÿks' 31 od rd;sh % t
yxf.aßhdkq ksoyia igk h<s mrdch flreK o wêrdcHfha wNHka;r yd ndysr m%Yk a fya;= fldg f.k yxf.aßhdj mQ¾K hg;a rdHhka f,i taldnoaOj mj;ajd .ekSu ÿIalr úh' tfyhska tl wêrdcHhla hgf;a ´iaáh % dkq yd yxf.aßhdkq hkqfjka wdKavq folla mj;ajd .kakg isÿ úh'
msysgq ùh' cd;sl iNdfõ ish¨ md¾Yj ks f hda c kh jkfia f;da r d .ekq K q leìkÜ uKa v ,hla o f;da r d m;a flßK' md¾,s f ïka ; = j úiq r ejd yeß kj wdKavqj w¨;a ue;sjrKhla mj;ajk njg fmdfrdkaÿ úh' i¾jck Pkao n,h" mqj;am;a ksoyi" NdIKfha yd /iaùfï ksoyi m%ldYhg m;a flßK' bvï m%;sixialrKhla i|yd o lghq;= iqodkï lrkakg úh' tfy;a ienúkau fï lsisjla ls%hdjg ke.=fKa ke;' lefrd,ahs wdKavj q ck;d jqjukdjkag wduka;K % h lsÍug wiu;a úh' tmuKla fkdj wdkagdkafÜ n,j;=ka ish ys;j;a rdcHhkag yxf.aßhdfjka len,s lvd wE|d,S f ï ;u ie,iq ï j,g tl`. jk f,i yxf.aßhdjg flreKq n, lsÍï yuqfõ hg;a jkakg lefrd,ahsg isÿ úh' ta w;r lefrd,ahs wdKavqj olaIsKdxYsl yd jdudxYsl jYfhka foms,lg fnÿk w;r olaIsKdxYhg iudc wd¾Ól m%;sixialrK kej;a ùug Wjukd úh' lefrd,a h s 1919 ckjdß 11 Èk ckdêm;s Oq r fhka b,a,d wiajQ w;r ;djld,sl ckdêm;s jrfhl= f,i lghq;= lsÍug tl`. úh' kj iNd. wdKavqjla msysgqjk ,o w;r th n,.;= olaIsKdxYsl iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ ixhq;shlska hqla; úh' úma,jfha bÈß .uk kej;Sug lghq;= lrkakg jQ th /äl,a foaYmd,{hka w;a wvx.=jg .ekSug o mgka .;s' fï w;r wdkagdkafÜ n,j;=ka 1919 ud¾;= 20 Èk Tjq k a w¨f;ka we¢ foaY iSud ms<s .kakg n, flreKq wjika ksfõokhla yxf.aßhdj fj; ks l = ; a flreK w;r fï ;;a ; a j h yuqfõ yxf.aßhdfõ wdrlaIdj iudc m% c d;ka ; % j d§ka g mjrkq úkd wka úl,a m hla ke;ehs m% l dY lrñka lefrd,ahs t Èk u ;djld,sl ckdêm;s OqQrfhka o b,a,d wia úh' lefrd,ahs b,a,d wia jQ miq iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§yq fldñhqksiaÜjd§kaf.a iyh me;+y' fï jk úg fldñhqki s Ü a kdhlhka isáfha isr f.j, h'
fjä,a,laj;a m;a;= fkdlrñks'
weiag¾ úma,jh kñka ye¢kafjk yxf. ß a hdfõ m%cd;ka;j % d§ úma,jh ch .;af;a tf,i h' th meyeÈ,s kdhl;ajhlska o meyeÈ,s jevms<sfj,lska o f;dr idxisoaêl ck;d ke.sàula úh' we;sjQ ysvei ;=< lefrd,ahs kj wdKavqjla
1919 ud¾;= 21 Èk yxf.aßhdkq iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ mlaIh;a fldñhqksiaÜ mlaIh;a yxf.aßhdkq iudcjd§ mlaIh kñka taldnoaO jQ w;r kj wdKavqjla msysgqjkq ,eìK' tÈku kj wdKavqj úiska yxf.aßhdkq fidaúhÜ ckrch m% l dYhg m;a flßK' wdKa v q f õ
kdhlhd jQfha iudc m%cd;ka;j % dÈfhl= jQ iekafvda¾ .d¾ì h' fldñhqksiaÜ mlaI kdhl fn,dl=ka úfoaY lghq;= ms<sn| fldñid¾ jQ w;r wka ish¨ fldñid¾ moú iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§kag ysñj ;sìK' flfia jqj o ienE n,h ;snqfKa fn,d l=ka w; h' ta wkqj jxYdêm;s moú yd jrm%ido wfydais flßK' m,a,sh rcfhka fjka flßK' NdIKfha yd /iaùfï ksoyi" ksoyia wOHdmkh" iq`M;r ckhdg NdId yd ixialD;sl whs;k S a kS;s .; flßK' ld¾ñl yd jdKsc jHjidhka cki;= flßK' ksjdi" m%jdykh" nexl=" ffjoH" ixia l D;s l wdh;k yd fyla g hd¾ 40 jeä is h ¨ bvï iudc ika ; l flßK' tfy;A yxf.aßhdj uqyqK md isá ;;a;ajhg wkqj óg jvd läkï m%;i s xialrK wjYHj ;sìK' ksIm a dokh is h hg 40 ls k a my; jeà ;s ì K' WoaOukh b;d ;shK q q úh' WoaOukldÍ ñ, ksid WmlrK wdÈh .; fkdyels ùfuka f.dùkag k.rh fj; wdydr iemhsh fkdyels úh' lsif s ia;a m%udKj;a fkdjQ jegqma ksid lïlrejkaf.a jev lsÍfï Woafhda.h ySk ù ;sìK'
wfkla w;g iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ka o fidaúhÜ ckrch l< m%;sixialrK bjiqfõ ke;' Tjqyq fldñhqksiaÜ n,h fmr
flfia jqj o fï wjia:dj jk úg uyck iydh m%Odk fldgu /£ ;snf q Ka yxf.aßhdkq foaY iSud /l .ekSu u; h' fidaúhÜ wdOdr b,a,d isáh o fidaúhÜ reishdj o isú,a hqoaOhl meg,S isá fyhska wdOdr iemhsh yels ;;a;ajhl fkdù h W;=re yxf.aßhdj w;am;a lrf.k isá fpfldaiaf,dajelshdkq yuqodjka m,jd yer ia f ,djela fida ú hÜ ckrch msysgq ùh' wk;=rej kef. kysr w;am;a lrf.k isá refïkshdkq yuqodjka m,jd yeÍug iQodkï jk úg refïkshdkq yuqodjka bj;a lr,Sug mshjr .kakd njg m%xYh fmdfrdkaÿjla §fuka i;s ;=klg muK miq yxf. ß a hdkq r;= yuqodj bj;a lr .;s' tfy;a refïkshdkq yuqod bj;a lr .;af;a ke;' th W.=,la úh' r;= yuqodj refïkshdkq yuqodjka m,jd yeÍug m%ydrhla t,a, l< o wjia:dj f.k uekúka iQodkï jQ refïkshdkq yuqod r;= yuqod wdlaIl j,¨ lvd f.k bÈßhhg meñK nqvdfmaiaÜ mjd w,a,d f.k 1919 wf.dai;= 1 Èk yxf.aßhdkq fida ú hÜ ckrch mfr
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ksoyia yuqodfõ kdhlhka 13 fofkl= o w.ue;s o rel="nofollow">d;kh flreK w;r ,dfcdaia fldiq;g a wiq fkdù m,d hug yels úh'
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;drl jrdmsáh fma rfÜ wo we;af;a fiajd wd¾Ólhls'th w f,dalfha wd¾Ól m%jk;djfhka wm.ukh jQ ;;a;ajhla o fkdfõ' fiajd wd¾:slhla hkq l=uk wd¾Ólhla o@ rgl wd¾Ól l%shdj,sh fya;=fjka" cd;sl ksIamokh kï jQ jákdlug jeä mx.=jlska odhl jkafka fiajd iemhSfuka kï th fiajd wd¾Ólhla f,i ie,lsh yelshs' fjf<|du" m%jdykh" ikakf s õok myiqlï iemhSu" wOHdmkh" ffjoH fia j djka " úfkda o dia j doh" rlaIK nexl= yd uQ,H fiajdjka wd§ fndfyda wd¾Ól jákdlula iys; oE fiajdjka fõ' kuq;a ,xldfõ fiajd wd¾Ólh ;=< fjf<|dïlrkq ,nk NdKav o" m%jdykhg fhdod .kakd jdyk yd hd;%d o" ikaksfõok WmlrK o" úfkdaodiajdohg wod< ;dlaIKsl yd ld¾ñl WmlrK$fuj,ï o wdkhkh ñi rg ;=< ksIamdokh fkdlrhs' fï w;ßka o úYd, mx.=jla wh;a jkafka fjf<|du hk Wm wxYhghs' wdydruh NdKav yerKq úg fndfyda NdKav hkq úfoaYhl ksmojQ tajd h' ,dN ;Srejla iys;j mdßfNda.slfhl=g NdKav úlsKSu ;=<ska fuu jákdlu —Wm§'˜
úlsKSu ;r.ldÍj yd ,dNodhSj mj;ajdf.k hdug mdrfNda.l s hka fm
u mj;s k ñ:Hdjka mj;a j d f.k hdu;a tu m%pdrl ls%hdj,shg wjYH há;, myiqlula fõ' ta whqßka ie,l+ úg fulS fjf<| m%pdrKh mj;sk ñ:Hdjkaf.ka Wmßu iyh ,nd .kS' wjidkfha § ,xldfõ ksmojk iuyr fg,s kdgH mjd ta fjf<| Wml%uhkag iß,k mßÈ ks¾udKh jk tajd fõ' ^ksoiqka f,i rlaIK iud.ï úiska wkq.y % h olajk fg,s kdgHhlska wkdrlaIs; nj" wkfmalaIs; úm;a wdÈh fm%alaIlhdg jHx.fhka w`.jkjd o ta wkqj rlaIK wdjrKhl —msysg˜ me;Sug fmd
Bg fyd|u ks o iq k kï kdis j d§ hqoaOh ;=< c¾udkqjka w;snyq;rhla ïf,aÉP hqoaOhla yd uD. ixydrhla lrd fN!;slj yd u;jd§j tl`. lr .kakg yd fufyh jkakg ysÜ,¾g yels jQfha flfia o hkqh's mj;sk miq. dó iudc úYajdi ^ksoiqka f,i wd¾h c¾udkqjka f,dj úYsIaGu ck j¾.h jYfhka jQ u;h& ;u hqo jHdmD;shg wejeis mßÈ m%;sks¾udKh lsÍug yd
tajd jvd idyisl wka;jdohka lrd fufyh ùug we;s yelshdj ms<sn| ksoiqkls'& jevjiï kIaGdjfYaI iys; mj;sk iudc ieleiau ;=<" mdßfNda.sl yd ú.,s; iudc ksIG a djka ;=< mqo. a ,hka flfrys jk oDIa á jdoS fm
wdKavqfõ wNHka;rh fi
wdKavqjg fou< ck;djg iykdOdr muKla ,ndfoñka os.= l,la weo f.khd fkdyels h' wdKavqj fou< ck;djf.a m%Yakhg idOdrK úi`ÿula ,nd oSu ,xldfõ wd¾:sl oshqKqjg cd;Hka;rh ,nd fok uq,H wdOdr yd ne`os mj;sk fyhska fï i`oyd blauka mshjrla .ekSug wdKavqjg isÿfõ' fou< cd;sl ikaOdkh muKla fkdj wdkkao ix.rs" v.a,ia foajdkkao" ms,a,hdka jeks wdKavqjg iyfhda.h fok fou< cd;sl fldgia o fou< cd;sfha wNsudkh we;s lrk o’¾>ld,’k úi`ÿul wjYH;djh fmkajd os ;sfí' fuu ;;a;ajhka ms<sn`oj fyd`oska wjfndaOlr f.k isák osfkaYa" úu,a" pïmsl md¾Yjh ckdêm;sjrhdf.a n,lsrsu u; yd jrm%ido fya;=fldg f.k oekg ksy`vj isáh;a n,h fnoSu uyskao Ñka;khg wod< fkdjk nj Tjqyq ks;r m%ldYlr isá;s' tlai;a cd;sl mlaIfhka wdKavqjg tlajq ux;s%jreka i`oyd Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIfha wdik ixúOdhl m;aùï ,nd o’u iïnkaOj tu mlaI wNJka;rfha nrm;, ;;a;ajhla u;=ù we;' YS%,ksmh w;s W.% rdcmlaIlrKhg n|Q`ka lsÍfï Ñka;kh yd ls%hdj,sh bÈßhg f.k hdfï§ w;f,diaila yer YS%,ksm ls%hdldÍka rdcmlaI,dg
01 jeks msgqfjka
úYajdihla ke;' os¾> ld,hla mlaIh fjkqfjka ish ld,h jeh l< fcHIaVhka bj;alr b;du uE;loS tlajq tlai;a cd;sl mlaI ux;s%jrekag tu wdik ,nd o’ug ckdêm;sjrhd l%shd lrkafka ta ksid h' fuh ;ukag wúYajdi fldgia bj;alr Y%s,ksmfha ;u n,h Yla;su;a lr .ekSug ckdêm;sjrhd fhoq Wml%uhla njg oeka Y%S,ksmfha wNHka;r fldgia w;r idlÉPdù we;¡ fuu ;;a;ajh yuqfõ Y%S,ksmfha ie,lsh hq;= fldgila ysgmq ckdêm;sks pkaos%ld l=udr;=x. uy;añh iu.;a ux., iurj’r uy;d iu.;a ryis.;j iïnkaOd mj;ajñka isák nj lsh fõ' ux., iurj’r uy;d Y%S,ksm mdlaIslhka wu;d ksl=;a l< ,shú,a,g Y%S,ksm m%n,hka /ilf.a by< m%;spdrhla ,enqKq nj uyck md¾Yjfha wNHka;r ud¾.j,ska mejefia' ckdêm;sjrhdf.a úOdhl n,h bosrsfha Tjqka ksYaYÅo;djhl isáh;a kqoqf¾o’ u Tjqkaf.a fkdleue;a; yd fkdi;=g bosrshg meñfKkq we;¡ fuu ;;ajhka ms<sn`oj ckdêm;sjrhd o jgyd f.k isák w;r .egqïldrs ;;a;ajh W.% ùug fmr cd;sl uÜgfus ue;sjrK ;nd wjika lr .eksug Tyq hqyqiq¿j lghq;= lrñka lrñka isà'
j;auka foaYmd,kh'''
16 jeks msgqfjka
úg ia;%Skaf.a b,a,Su ú we;af;a wvq jYfhka mj;sk ue;sjrK l%uh ixfYdaOkh lr m
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
ñ;Hdj" w;S;h iy wo
fhka wúfrdaë nj mj;ajd .ekSug;a wejeis fõ'tjeks ikao¾Nhla iudc pdß;%" úYajdi" weíneysùï" wNspdÍ l%u yd ixialD;sl-wd.ñl ne£ï" .kqfokq wdÈh wNsfhda. lsÍug bv ,efnk wjldYhla fkfõ' we;af;ka u mj;sk úl,am bv m%ia:d yd iudc úhuk m% Y a k lrk wjia : djka o yl=`Mjkq ,enQ nj m%;HlaI h'
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Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
tfia u m
22
ksfhdað;hd jk wdKavqldrjrhd h' 154 L ^1& wkqj wdKavqldrjrhdf.a jd¾;d lsÍulg fyda fjk;a l%uhlg wkqj m
04 jeks msgqfjka
m%;sm;a;sh" úfoaY iïm;a" f¾.=j" úfoaY Kh" uy nexl=j " cd;sl b;sß lsÍfï nexl=j" cd;sl f,d;/ hs uKav,h" nexl=" rlaIK" fldgia yqjudrej" wdodhï nÿ" m%d.aOk nÿ" Ok nÿ" iud.ï yd ixia:d nÿ" ;Sre nÿ"úfoaY fjf<|du" jrdhka" .=jka yd .=jka f;dgqfmd<" cd;sl m%jdyk" ÿïßh " .x.d yd c, ud¾." cd;sl uyd ud¾. yd md,ï" wd.uk ú.uk" mqrjeisNdjh" ue;sjrK" ck.yk yd ixLHd f,aLk" úYaj úoHd," úoHd;aul fyda ;dlaIKsl wOHdmk wdh;k" cd;sl fl!;=ld.dr hk tajd wh;a jkafka ixjD; ,ehsia;=jg h' b;d mÍlaIdldÍj ne¨jfyd;a 13 jk ixfYdaOkfhka nKavdrkdhlfp,ajkdh.ï .súiqfuka rg iNdj,g fhdackd jQ ;rïj;a n,;, m
uyck jHdmdrhla Wfoid''''' zzmSm,aia udɘ wkd.; uyck jHdmdrhl ixhqla; fldgila f,i iajlShuh jQ wkkH;djlska hq;=j f.dv kef.kakg W;aidy ork ixúOdkhls' wmf.a wruqKq jkqfha flá ld,Sk jYfhka uyck jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.Sug w;HjYH oDIaáuh" ixúOdkuh yd foaYmd,kuh wr.,hg Wr Èh yels ls%hdldÍkaf.a ixúOdkhla f.dv ke.Su h' wm mSm,ia ud¾É i`.rdj t<solajkafka tla mshjrla jYfhks' wfmau ifydaorhkaf.a ys;j;=kaf.a mß;Hd.fhka lrf.k hk thg Tfí ifydaord;aulw;ys; §fuka wfma W;aidyh iu`. tlajkakehs b,a,d isáuq Tnf.a uQ,Huh Wmldrhka .sKqï wxl 8620020286 ^fldu¾I,a nexl=j - rdc.sßh YdLdj& orK .sKqug fhduq lrkak' Tnf.a ,sms yd woyia [email protected] fj; fhduq lrkak'
ikaOdk l%fudamdh yd tcdmh rð; rdcmCI
ys k a o rdcmla I wdKa v q f õ m%cd;ka;% úfrdaë taldêm;s l% s h djka g tfrys j m% c d;ka ; % j doS n,fõ.hla f.dv ke.S u i`oyd úmlaIfha fndfyda fldgia idlÉcd ixjdo mj;ajñka isà' tcdm cúfm ux., iurùr md¾Yjh we;=¿ fndfyda fldgia fï w;r isà' cúfm Bg u iajdëk jQ ud¾.hl isák w;r úmlaIfha fiiq n,fõ. w;r o hï tl.;djhla oelsh yels h'
u
rdcmlaI wdKavqjg tfrysj m% c d;ka ; % j doS n,fõ.hla f.dv ke.Su wo ojfia m%uqL ld¾hhla nj wújdos; kuqÿ m%Yakh jkafka ta i`oyd W;a i dy ork n,fõ. hkag oelaula" jevms<sfj,la yd Bg wod, kuHYS , s N djhla mj;S o hkakhs¡' rdcmlaI md,kh wo mj;skafka ckm%sh;djfha by
ixhuhlska yd bjiSulska l< hq;; a ls¡s ' ta i`oyd mgq mrud¾:j,ska f;dr mq¿,a oelaulska yd kuHYS,SNdjhlska hq;= jevms<sfj,la ;sîu wksjd¾h h' tcdmh o fï md,khg tfrysj mq`M,a ikaOdkhla f.dv ke.Su .ek l;d lrhs' th wo úmlaIfha úYd,;u mla I h jk fyhs s k a ika O dkhla f.dvke.Sug Tjqka ork W;aidyh ms<sn`oj i,ld ne,Sula jeo.;a fõ' uE;loS /iajq tcdm lD;HdêldrS uKav,h m%Odk lreKq lsysmhla u; ikaOdkhla i|yd fiiq n,fõ.j,g wdrdOdkd lf
mq ¿ ,a ika O dkhla f.dv ke.S u g tcdmhg ienE Wjukdjla ;sfí kï ta i`oyd fjk ldf.kaj;a fkdj ;u m%Odk;u m%;sjdoshd jk YS%,ksmfhka u bf.k .; yels h¡' fma%uodi md,khg tfrysj YS%,ksm uq,sl;ajfhka f.dv ke.= K q fmd¥ck tla i ;a fmruq K fjkqfjka Y%S,ksmh ;u mlaIfha ,l=K fuka u mdg o w; yersfha h' ta u.ska Y%S,ksm m%uqL ikaOdkhg meje;s tcdm md,kh fmr
j¾I 2001 oS rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d jir 06 la i`oyd ,nd .;a n,h jir 2 1$2 lska wjika lr oeóug ¡ fmd¥ck tlai;a fmruqK ;j;a mq¿,a lrñka cúfm we;=<;a lr f.dv ke.= tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkhg yels úh' fuys o S o Y% S , ks m h w; muKla fkdj mqgqj o w;yer nq,;a fld
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
13 jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh''
23
fm<.iajd Bg wjYH jQ b,lalh lrd hdug YS%,ksmh iu;a úh'
m%dfhda.slju ikd: lr we;s fuu lreK jgyd .ekS u g tcdmhg fkdyels ù we;a o ke;s kï ta i`oyd we;a; Wjukdjla ;sfí o hkak i,ld ne,sh hq;= h' tu mlaIfha iuia; ls%hdj,sh foi fyd`oska ksrSlaIKh lsrsfïoS fmkS hkafka tcdm m%n,hka fndfyda fofkl= g wdKa v q mla I h iu. igkg jvd kdhlhd t<ùfï igk m%uqL ù we;s njls' kdhlhska lsysm fofkl=g ikaOdkhla f.dv ke.S u g oela u la yd Wjukdjla meje;sh;a Tjqka b;du iq¿;rhla ù we;s nj fmfka' tcdm jeks mlaIhl w;s nyq;rh idukH ckhd jk w;r Tjqkag o fiiq m% c d;ka ; % j doS n,fõ.j,g o wjYH jkafka ,l=K fyda mdg fkdj wdKavqj fmr
Peoples March | July-August - 2009 | 6th Issue
úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh wfydaislr w.ue;s j rhdg jeä n,;, iys ; md¾,sfïka;= l%uhla we;s l< hq;= nj tcdm m%ldYlr we;' ^tcdmfha iuyr kdhlhka úOdhl ckdêm;s l% u h wfyda i s l r,S u g úreoa O h'& fuys § u;= j k m% O dk;u lreK jkafka wfydais lr,Sug wfmalaIs; ckdêm;sOQrhla i`oyd ;u mlaIfha u whl= ;r. l< hq;= nj Tjqka m%ldY lrkafka wehs o hkakhs' n,hg m;a ù flá l,la ;=< wfydaisajk ;k;=rla i`oyd fyd| u úl,amh jkafka fiiq n,fõ. o tla ;eka lr mq¿,a n,fõ. hlska fmdÿ wfmalaIlhl= bosrsm;a
lsrSu jk ksid ta i`oyd Tjqka kuHYS,S jkakg W;aidy fkdlrkafka wehs @ ika O dkfha wfma I lhd ljq r eka o hkak f.dv k.k ika O dkhg f;a r S u g bv ;nd m%;sm;a;s tl`.;djhla u; mq¿,a ikaOdkhla f.dv ke.Sug tcdm W;aidy fkdls r S u ;= < s k a fï i`oyd Tjqkag we;a; Wjukdjla ;sfí o hk m%Yakh ks;e;ska u u;= lrhs' fmd¥ wfmalaIlhl= ch.%yKh lsrSug yels whl= úh hq;= w;r th ikaOdkfha ish,q n,fõ.j, leue;a; u; isÿúh hq;a;ls' ikaOdkfha úYd,;u mlaIh tcdm jk fyhska fmd¥ wfmalaIlhd ;u mlaIfha u whl= úh hq;= nj is;d wêm;sjdosj lghq;= lsÍu mq¿,a n,fõ. hla f.dv ke.S u g bv fkdfokjd muKla fkdfõ" Bg wjYH moku o wyqrd ouhs¡'
úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh wfydais lsrSu ;ks l%shdjla muKla fkdj iuia; wdKavql%u jHjia:d m%;sixialrKhla ;=< isÿúh hq;a;ls' ta i`oyd md¾,sfïka;=fõ úYd, n,hla oskd .ekSu o wjYHu lreKls' th isÿ l< yelafla ol=fKa fuka u W;=f¾ o rdcmlaI md,khg tfrysj ish,q n,fõ. tl fm
úfrdaë ish,q n,fõ. tl;= lsrsug m%udKj;a fkdfõ' ta i`oyd m%dfhda. sl jevms<sfj,la o bosrsm;a l< hq;= h¡ ys g mq ckdêm;s j rs h ;a a j;a u ka ckdêm;s j rhd;a ckdêm;s O Q r h wfydais lrk njg jdÑlj yd ,sÅ;j fmdfrdkaÿ ÿka fofofkls' kuq;a mj;skafka fmdfrdkaÿ bIaG fkdjQ b;s y dihls ' tneúka jdudxYs l hka we;=¿ ish¿ m%.;sY, S k S a fmdfrdkaÿ m;% u; lrk foaYmd,kh ñka bÈßhg ls i s ú gl;a fkdl< hq ; = h hka k b;sydih úiska kej; kej;;a mila lr ;s f nk i;H wu;l fkdl< hq;=h' wjidk jYfhka lshkafka kï fokakï ldisj,g foaYmd,kh lsrSfï l,djg ;s;la ;eìh hq;= ld,h t
úOdhl ckdêm;s OQ r h wfyda i s lrk nj jdÑlj m%ldY lsrSu wdKavq
uyck jHdmdrhla Wfoid'''''
24
mSm,aia ud¾É ixúOdkh fjkqfjka ta'ã'mS' r;akdhl jk ud úiska rdc.sßfha hQ' B' fmf¾rd udjf;a" wxl 250 orK risl m%skag¾iayS uqøKh lr m%isoaO lrk ,§'
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