October ('05)7 - Spoken English

I

-Ñ-Ø√-úø’ Pavan: How long can we be here?

´’†ç áçûª-ÊÆ-°œ-éπ\úø Öçúø-í∫©ç? Ravi:

Why? There's no hurry. We can be here as long as we like. What's the matter?

àç? ´’†ç áçûª-ÊÆ°æ¤ é¬¢√-©-†’-èπ◊çõ‰ Åçûª-ÊÆ°æ¤ Öçúø-í∫©ç. àçöÀ N≠æߪ’ç? Pavan: Then let's listen to this man. He is saying some thing in Tamil. Can you understand what he says?

Å®·ûË Éûª†’ îÁ°æ¤h-†oC Nçü∆ç. ûªN’∞¡ç™ àüÓ îÁ°æ¤h-Ø√oúø’. Åûª†’ îÁÊ°pC †’´¤y Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-í∫-©¢√? Ravi:

I can, but only a little. He says he is a palmist. He can read our palms and tell us of our future.

àüÓ éÌçûª (Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’éÓ-í∫-©†’). Åûª†’ Palmist - £æ«Ææh-≤ƒ-´·-vCéπç-– îË®· îª÷Æœ

í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 20 -ÅéÓd-•®Ω’ 2005

Mohan: He says you will soon be a minister Ravi: I, A minister!! It's sheer nonsense. How can I be a Minister

؈’ ´’çvAØ√!! Åçûª-éπçõ‰ Å®Ωnç ™‰E N≠æߪ’ç ÉçéÓöÀ Öçúøü¿’. °j Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ look at the expressions- can be, can understand, can read, can't (Cannot) speak, cannot follow, can translate etc. can verbs two forms 1) can bebe form 2) can understand, can read, can speak, etc. can + 1st Regular Doing Word (1st RDW) form. (Actions) 1. Can: (ability) verb. (present) (Future) can a) He can be here in ten minutes.

É´Fo èπÿú≈ ûÓ èπÿúÕ† éπü∆. ÉN (È®çúø’ ®Ω÷§ƒ-©)™ ÖØ√o®· éπü∆? ÉC Öçúø-ú≈Eo ûÁ©’°æ¤ûª’çC. É´Fo

ÉN °æ†’-©†’ Ææ÷*-≤ƒh®·. -É-C ≤ƒ´’-®√n uEo ûÁLÊ° v°æÆæ’hûªç ™ é¬F, ¶µºN-≠æuû˝ ™ é¬F Öçúø-í∫-©í∫úøç, îËߪ’-í∫¢√úøû√ç. ©í∫úøç ÅE îÁÊ°pç-ü¿’èπ◊ Åûª†’ 10 EN’-≥ƒ--™x Ééπ\úø Öçúø-í∫-©úø’. (can be - be form éπü∆ – Öçúø-í∫-©-í∫úøç -ûÁ-©’°æ¤ûª’ç-C)

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 60

e)

Prabha:

Ç¢Á’ Ééπ\úÕéÀ°æ¤púø’ ®√™‰ü¿’ She can't (cannot) come here now.

f)

Éçûª *†o N≠æߪ’ç Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’éÓ-™‰¢√?

Can't you (can you not) understand this simple thing? Practise the following in English: Prabha: CM (become

؈’ †’ é¬í∫-L-T-ûË...¢√úøçúÕ) Prasanthi: Çí¬í∫’. †’´¤y CM ᙫ Å´-í∫-©´¤? Prabha: ؈’ Å´-™‰-†Ø√ F †´’téπç?

I can speak..

Come, Prasanthi, how can you be so harsh/ unkind to me? Prasanthi: How can you talk so much nonsense? day to day situations ulary/ expressions practise Pronunciation)

Ñ éÀçC

™ ¢√úË vocabîËߪ’çúÕ: (Prn:

1. get up -

Evü¿-™‰-´-úøç ÅØÌa – é¬F ÅC é¬Ææh §ƒçúÕûªuç) ≤ƒo†ç îËߪ’úøç. ≤ƒo†ç îËߪ’úøç, Ææ´·vü¿ ≤ƒo†ç – Ñ ´÷ô Ö†o-°æp-öÀéà DØÁo-´®Ω÷ É°æ¤púø’ ¢√úøúøç ™‰ü¿’. §ƒûª-•-úÕ† ¢√úø’éπ – Ææ´·-vü¿-≤ƒo†ç – a swim in

(wakeup 2. have/ take a bath (bathe -

the sea) 3. have/ take breakfast (Prn:

-v¶„é˙-°∂æÆˇd) – §Òü¿’-löÀ

°∂æ-™«-£æ…®Ωç. ñÆæuç îÁÊ°p-¢√úø’. ´’† £æ«Ææhͮ꩒ îª÷Æœ ´’† ¶µºN-≠æuû˝ îÁ°æp-í∫-©-†çô’-Ø√o--úø’. (Read the palm – ͮ꩒ îª÷úøôç– £æ«Ææh-Í®-ê©’)

b)

FÈéç-ûª-ÊÆ°æ¤ é¬¢√-©çõ‰ Åçûª-ÊÆ°æ¤ ØËE-éπ\úø Öçúøí∫-©†’ I can be here as long as you like/ want.

c)

He cannot be (can't be) here for more than an hour. d) President

Åûª-úÕ -´÷-ô-©’ ᙫ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’èπ◊-ØË-C? ÅûªúËË¢Á÷ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ ´÷ö«x-úø-™‰úø’. ´’†ç ÅûªE Tamil Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’éÓ-™‰ç. ᙫí¬?

Any Indian citizen can be the president.

Ah, here comes Mohan. He can speak Tamil. Mohan Tamil

´Ææ’h-Ø√oúø’. Åûª-úø’

´÷ö«x-úø-

í∫-©úø’. Mohan: What's going on? Ravi: Here's a Tamil Palmist. Can you translate his tamil for us? Tamil palmist. Tamil

(àç ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûÓçC?)

Éûª†’ -Ñ-ߪ’-† ™ îÁÊ°pC ´÷èπ◊ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ îÁ°æp-í∫-©¢√?

Mohan: That's OK. Go on then. (The Palmist studies Ravi's palm and says some thing in Tamil Tamil

Åûª†’

™ àüÓ îÁ§ƒhúø’)

¶µ«®Ω-Bߪ’ §˘®Ω’úÁ´-®Ω-®·Ø√ í∫-©úø’

e)

You cannot (can't) be a CM for your life

É´Fo èπÿú≈ (can be) be forms- Öçúø-í∫-©í∫ú≈Eo ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰≤ƒh®·. 2. can + 1st RDW - action. a) I can speak Hindi well. b) Tendulkar Can he play like Tendulkar? c) subjects What subjects can you teach? d) English How well can you speak English?

؈’ £œ«çC ¶«í¬ ´÷ö«x-úø-í∫-©†’

O’Í®

™« Çúø-í∫-©ú≈?

¶Cµç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’?

O’È®çûª ¶«í¬

-v°æ-¨¡o: Infinitive ûÓ,

modal verbs ûÓ éÌEo ®Ω鬩 ¢√é¬u©’ Aéπ-´’éπ °úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®·. -Ñ -¢√é¬u-™x -ûË-ú≈-©’ -N-´-Jç--îªí∫-©®Ω’. 1) a) They have to have gone there b) They should have gone there 2) a) They have to have been there b) They should have been there 3) a) The book was to have been sent to Madras b) The book should been sent to Madras 4) a) You have to have your car painted green b) You should have painted your car green 5) a) She was to have taken that bus b) She must/ should have taken that bus

-ï-¢√-•’:

í¬ Öçúø-

(ÖçúËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Å®Ω’|úø’) F ï†t™ †’´¤y CMí¬ Öçúø-™‰´¤

Åûª†’

´÷ö«x-úø-í∫-©®Ω’?

´÷vûªç î√™« ´÷ö«xúø-í∫-©´¤. Prabha: †’´¤y Ø√ M. SURESAN N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ Åçûª éπJ∏†çí¬ á™« Öçúø-í∫-©¢Ë? (harsh/ unkind - éπJ∏-†-¢Á’i†) Prasanthi: Å®·ûË †’´yçûª nonsense ᙫ ´÷ö«x-úø-í∫-©¢˛? Answer: Prabha: If I can become the C.M.. Prasanthi: Wait. How can you become the CM? Prabha: Are you sure (that) I can't (cannot) be the CM? Prasanthi: I don't (do not) know if you can become the CM or not; but you can certainly talk a lot of nonsense.

3 a) Book, Madras

èπ◊ °æç°œç-î√-Lqç-üË. (é¬F °æç°œç-î√®Ó ™‰üÓ-ûÁLߪ’ü¿’) ÉC clear í¬ -ûÁ-L-ߪ’ü¿’ Ñ sentence ™. b) -™  should been sent •ü¿’©’, should have been sent Å®·-ûËØË correct. Å°æ¤púø’ Å®Ωnç. °æ¤Ææhéπç °æç°æ-•-ú≈-LqçüË é¬F °æç°æ-•-úø-™‰ü¿’. 4 a) O’ car †’ green í¬ paint îË®·ç* Öçú≈-LqçC. (Å™« îË®·ç-î√®Ó ™‰üÓ, Ñ sentence clear í¬ ûÁ-©°æü¿’) b) O’ car †’ green í¬ paint îËÆ œ Öçú≈-LqçC. (Å™« îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’, O’®Ω’. ÉçéÓ colour ûÓ paint î˨»®Ω’)

. – áÆˇ.-®√-ï-¨Ï-ê®˝, éπ®Ω÷o©’

1 a) They have to have gone there

¢√∞¡xéπ\úÕéÀ ¢ÁR} Öçú≈-LqçC, ¢Á∞«}®Ó ™‰üÓ ûÁ-L-ߪ’ü¿’. b) They should have gone there

¢√∞¡x-éπ\-úÕéÀ -¢Á-∞«}-LqçC, é¬F ¢Á∞¡}-™‰ü¿’. Åçûª ´’ç* é¬ü¿’. ™«çöÀ ™ î√™« Å®Ω’ü¿’. ü∆E •ü¿’©’ Åçõ‰ í¬ ÅüË Å®Ωnç-ûÓ ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çC. DEéà Ææ-´÷-üµ∆-†-¢Ë’ ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çC. Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ Ñ •ü¿’-©’ Åçõ‰ í¬ í¬ Å®Ωnç ¢√Rx-éπ\úø Öçú≈-LqçC (í∫ûªç™). Öçô’çC. Ñ í¬ (é¬F ÖØ√o®Ó ™‰üÓ ûÁ-L-ߪ’ü¿’). DEo Ñ îÁ°æpü¿’. b) -D-†®Ωnç: ¢√Rx-éπ\úø Öçú≈-LqçC, é¬F ™‰®Ω’.

Sentence 1) a construction have to have gone expressions, usage They had to go there simple 2 a) 1a) sentence They had to be there, simpler direct sentence sentence clear

5 a)

Ç¢Á’ Ç bus áéÀ\ Öçú≈-LqçC. (áéÀ\çüÓ ™‰üÓ, Ñ sentence ´©x

¶«ß˝’™¸) ´’J-Tç-îª-úøç/-´’-®Ω-í∫úøç ¢Ë®·ç-îªúøç, ¢Ë°æ¤úø’ èπÿ®Ω ¶„ß˝’é˙) †÷ØÁ-™«ç-öÀN ™‰èπ◊çú≈ E°æ¤p© O’ü¿ 鬩aúøç. Bread Å™«Íí îË≤ƒh®Ω’ 鬕öÀd Bread îËÊÆ îÓô’: Bakery (¶„ß˝’-éπ-J) Snacks/ refreshments/ eats - ´’†ç ´÷´‚-©’í¬ -Å-ØË öÀ°∂œ-Ø˛èπ◊ correct English ´÷ô©’. öÀ°∂œØ˛ English ´÷ô é¬ü¿’. 7. pastime: 鬩-Íé ~-§ƒ-EéÀ NØÓü¿ç. 8. lunch: °æí∫-öÀ/ -´’-üµ∆u£æ«oç ¶µï†ç. 9. Dinner: (´’†èπ◊) ®√vA ¶µï†ç. (prn: úÕ†– 'úÕ— E ØÌéÀ\-°æ-©’-èπ◊û√ç.) äéπ ®ÓV™ ´’†ç îËÊÆ ´·êu-¢Á’i† ¶µï†ç. ´’† ü˨¡ Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ Dinner ®√vA ¶µï-†¢Ë’ Å´¤-ûª’çC. îªL-üË-¨»™x ´’üµ∆u£æ«o ¶µï†ç 鬴a. 10. Supper: (prn: Ææ°æ– Ææ ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç) – ®ÓV™ *´J ¶µï†ç – v°æA-®ÓW Öçú≈-©E ™‰ü¿’. Åçûª ´·êuç é¬ü¿’.
breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper - ´’†ç ®ÓW îËÊÆ¢ÁjûË OöÀ ´·çü¿’, A/ An, The ®√´¤.

-v°æ-¨¡o: Éç-Tx-≠ˇ™ commands, orders ûÁ©-°æ-ú≈-EéÀ (™‰ü∆) Conditions NCµç-îª-ú≈-EéÀ Should ™‰ü∆ must ©†’ ¢√úøû√ç éπü∆. é¬F ØËØÌéπ text book ™ îª÷ÊÆh be forms Å®·† is, are ©†’ ¢√ú≈®Ω’. áçü¿’-éπ™«? 1) äéπ Çü∆ߪ’ç ´u´-≤ƒßª’ Çü∆ߪ’ç. ÅC ¶µº÷N’ †’ç* -Öçú≈L – ÅØË ≠æ®Ω-ûª’-©†’ text book ™ To be an agricultural income... The revenue is derived from land ÅE ≠æ®Ω-ûª’í¬ Ê°®Ì\-Ø√o®Ω’. Å™«-é¬éπ The revenue should be derived.. ÅE ¢√úÌa éπü∆. 2) Å™«Íí äéπ vôÆæ’d Çü∆ߪ’ç °æ†’o †’ç-* N’†-£æ…-®·ç°æ¤ §Òçü∆-©çõ‰ ÅC ÉØ˛-éπç-ö«èπ◊q éπ-N’≠æ-†®˝îË †¢Á÷üÁj -Öçú≈L ÅØË ≠æ®Ω-ûª’†’; äéπ text book ™ The trust should be registered with the commissioner of I.T ÅE ¢√úøí¬, ´’®Ìéπ text ™ The trust is registered with commissioner of I.T as per the provision of 12A ÅE ÖçC. ´’J Ééπ\-úø is registered éÀ should be registered éÀ ´’üµ¿u í∫© ûËú≈ àçöÀ? È®çúÕç-öÀ™ à ¢√éπuç áô’-´çöÀ Å®√nEo ÉÆæ’hçC? ™‰ü∆ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u©’ äéπ-õ‰Ø√? –Ê≠é˙ Å°∂æb™¸ ë«Ø˛, ´·çîÁ´·†-í¬©§ƒúø’

-ï-¢√-•’: clear

1) 'The revenue should be derived'

í¬ ûÁ-L-ߪ’ü¿’)

b) She must have taken that bus. bus

Ç¢Á’ éπ*a-ûªçí¬ Ç ØË áéÀ\ Öçô’çC. (ÆæçüË£æ«ç ™‰ü¿’, áéÀ\çC) She should have taken that bus. bus bus

Ç¢Á’ Ç (ÉçÍé-üÓ

4. boil: (prn: 5. fry: 6. bake: (prn:

†’´¤y CM é¬í∫-©¢Ó, ™‰üÓ é¬F, nonsense

¢√úÕ-éπ\úø í∫çô-éπçõ‰ Öçúø-™‰úø’

Pavan: But how can we understand him? He can't (can not) speak Telugu and we can't follow his Tamil.

Ravi:

Prasanthi:

áé¬\Lq ÖçúÕçC, é¬F áéπ\-™‰ü¿’. áéÀ\çC).

Åçõ‰-ØË correct, O’®Ωç-ô’-†oô’x. 2) ÉC èπÿú≈, The trust should be registered Åçõ‰ØË correct. O’®Ω’ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊-†o-ô’xí¬, is derived, is registered Åçõ‰ ´÷´‚-©’í¬ ïJ-ÍíC ÉüË ÅE. Å™« é¬èπ◊çú≈ äéπ rule í¬ îÁ§ƒp-©çõ‰ should be derived, should be registered ÅØË¢Ë correct.