May ('06)-5 - Spoken English

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

II Saran: Congrats Varun. I really felt very happy when I heard that our team had won the match yesterday. I shall be delighted if I hear more such news.

(´’† team E†o ÈíL-*ç-ü¿E N†-í¬ØË, î√™« ÆæçûÓ-≠æ-°æú≈f†’. É™«çöÀ ¢√®Ωh©’ Éçé¬ Nçõ‰ ؈’ ÆæçûÓ-≠œ-≤ƒh†’.) Varun: Thank you, sir. We are glad that we always have your encouragement.

(O’ v§Úû√q£æ«ç ´÷èπ◊ç-úøôç ´÷Èé-°æ¤púø÷ ÆæçûÓ-≠æ¢Ë’) Saran: Boys, I was telling you all along that you should not lose confidence.

Clause Åçõ‰– Verb Ö†o group of words. ´’†ç ´÷ö«x-úË-ô-°æ¤púø’ ´’† sentences ™ O™„j-†çûª´®Ωèπÿ clauses ûªT_ç--èπ◊çõ‰ sentences Ææ®Ω-∞¡çí¬ Åçü¿-Jéà ŮΩnç ÅßË’u-ô’xç-ö«®·. Å®·ûË é¬xV©’ ᙫ ´C-Lç--éÓ-´ôç? Infinitives ¢√úÕ. Infinitive Åçõ‰? Éçûª-èπ◊-´·çü¿’ È®çúø’, ´‚úø’ ≤ƒ®Ω’x N´-Jç-î√ç -éπü∆? ´’Sx í∫’®Ω’h-îË-Ææ’hØ√oç. í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ: Infinitive Åçõ‰, to + Ist RDW (Regular Doing Word)- to go, to come, to walk, to learn, etc. infinitives.

É´Fo

Infinitive

(´’Sx thanks. ÅÆæ©’ ¢Ë’ç Èí©’-≤ƒh-´’-†’-éÓ™‰ü¿’. Å®·ûË ´÷ ¨¡éÀh-éÌDl Çú≈ç, Å´-ûªL team §Ò®Ω-§ƒô’x ´÷èπ◊ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç î˨»®·.)

2) I shall be delighted if I hear more such news = (delighted

= ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ Öçúøôç)

èπ◊ Å®Ωnç-– 1) °∂晫† °æE-îÁ-ߪ÷u-©E (to go = ¢Á∞«x-©E) (O’èπ◊ ؈’ îÁ•’-ûª÷ØË ÖØ√o†’ éπü∆, Çûªt- 2) °∂晫† °æE-îË-ߪ’ôç (to go = ¢Á∞¡xôç) N-¨»yÆæç éÓ™p-èπÿ-úø-ü¿E.) 3) °∂晫† °æE-îË-ߪ’-ö«-EéÀ (to go = ¢Á∞¡x-ö«-EéÀ)

Varun: Thank you again sir. In fact we didn't expect that we would win. But we played to our capacity. The other team's mistakes helped us.

3) We are glad that we always have your encouragement = We are glad to have your encouragement 4) I was telling you all along that you should not lose confidence =

a) I want to go =

Ø√èπ◊ ¢Á∞«x-©E ÖçC.

I was telling you not to lose confidence

b) To go now is not safe =

5) We didn't expect that we would win the match =

É°æ¤púø’ ¢Á∞¡xôç Íé~´’ç é¬ü¿’. c) He stood up to go -

4)

É™«çöÀ P©pç îª÷Æœ-†ç-ü¿’èπ◊ Ø√èπ◊ °æ¤©-éÀçûªí¬ ÖçC. I am thrilled that I have seen such a beautiful statue = I am really thrilled to have seen...

É™«çöÀ examples †’ O’®Ω÷ practice îËߪ’çúÕ. Infinitive ´©xØË é¬èπ◊çú≈, ü∆çûÓ-§ƒô’ ÉçÍé Nüµ¿çí¬ØÁjØ√ sentences †’ Ææ®Ω∞¡ç îËߪ’-ö«Eo practice îËߪ’çúÕ.

... expect to win

¢Á∞¡x-ö«-EéÀ ™‰* E©’--Ø√oúø’. î√™« Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x °ü¿l-°ü¿l clause ©èπ◊ •ü¿’©’, Infinitive ¢√úÕ Ææç-¶µ«-≠æù Ææ®Ω∞¡ç îËߪ’-´îª’a.

6) I warned you that you shouldn't take things lightly and that you should be aggressive = I warned not to take things lightly and to be aggressive.

How we can do it is the matter of this lesson.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 154

í∫’®Ω’¢√®Ωç 1 1 -¢Ë’ 2006

Let's now look at the following sentences from the conversation above.

7) We.. that we have such encouragement and advice from you =

EXERCISE Practise the following aloud in English. Use only infinitives. Komal: Syamal:

We are glad to have your.. Saran: I warned you too that you should not take things lightly, and you should be aggressive.

Varun: True sir. We are delighted that we have

3) We are glad that we

you. We are thrilled that we have won

(Eï-´’çúÕ. Å™«çöÀ v§Úû√q£æ«ç, Ææ©£æ… O’®Ω’ ´÷éÀ-Ææ’h-†oç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√-™« ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖçC. Éçûª éπ≠d-¢æ Á’i† match ÈíL-î√-´’E °æ¤©-éÀç-ûªí¬ ÖçC.) Saran: My only desire is that I should not hear about the defeat of our college team in any match. Varun: You can be sure that we will always do

(¨»ßª’-¨¡-èπ◊h™« ¢Ë’ç v°æߪ’ûªoç îË≤ƒh´’E O’®Ω’ †¢Á·ta) Saran: I was a bit hurt when I heard some of the lecturers talking low of our team.

(´’† lecturers ™ éÌçü¿®Ω’ ´’† team í∫’Jç* ûªèπ◊\-´ -îËÆœ ´÷ö«x-ú≈-®ΩE ¶«üµ¿°æ-ú≈f†’). Varun: Let them sir. They will be surprised when they hear our team too can win matches.

´÷ö«x-úø-E-´yçúÕ, sir, ´’† team èπÿú≈ Èí©-´-í∫-©-ü¿E ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-†o-°æ¤púø’ Ǩ¡a-®Ωu-§Ú-û√®Ω’). Saran: OK boy, keep it up. ( Å™«-Íí-é¬F). English conversation, simple í¬, direct í¬ Öçõ‰ î√™« Ææ£æ«-ïçí¬ Öçô’ç-ü¿E ¢Á·ü¿-öÀ-†’ç* îÁ°æ‹hØË ÖØ√oç. Ñ lesson ™ ÉC ´’®Ó-≤ƒJ îª÷ü∆lç.

Spoken English

Syamal: Komal:

We are thrilled to have won this difficult

hear more such news.

match

M. SURESAN

always have your encouragement. 4) I was telling you all along that you should not

9) My only desire is that I should not hear about the defeat of our college team =

match. 6) I warned you that you should not take things lightly and that you should be aggressive 7) ... We are delighted that we have such encouragement and advice from you

10) I was a bit hurt when I heard some of our lecturers talking low ... to hear some of our lecturers ...

Komal:

11) They will be surprised when they hear our team... = They will be surprised to hear...

Komal:

So, you have seen how an infinitive can make your speech shorter, simpler and direct.

8) We are thrilled that we have won this difficult match

10) I was a bit hurt when I heard some of the lecturers talking low... 11) They will be surprised when they hear our team too can win matches. All the parts of sentences underlined above are clauses, aren't they? We are now going to simplify them by using infinitives in their places.

≤ƒn†ç™ infinitives ¢√úÕ sentences †’ É™« Ææ®Ω∞¡ç îËߪ’çúÕ.

clauses

°j† ´’†ç infinitive ûÓ replace îËÆœ† ¢√öÀ™x áèπ◊\´ that clauses. (that ûÓ begin ÅßË’u clauses éπü∆) OöÀE ´·êuçí¬ infinitive ûÓ replace îËÆ œ, short îËߪ’-´îª’a. Éçé¬ îª÷úøçúÕ. 1) †’´¤y exam ™ fail Åߪ÷u-´E Nçõ‰ ؈’ ¶«üµ¿°æ-úø-û√†’ = I shall be sorry if I hear that you have failed the exam =

îª÷úøçúÕ áçûª simple Å®·-§Ú-®·çüÓ ûÓ infinitive ´©x.

to hear

ANSWER

Åçûª ûªy®Ωí¬ ¢Á∞«xLq ´*a-†ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ؈’ î√™« ¶«üµ¿°æ-ú≈f†’ = I was sorry that I had to leave so early = I was sorry to leave so early

3)

É™«çöÀ v°æ¨»çûª v°æüË-¨¡ç™ Ø√éÓ É©’xçõ‰ ÆæçûÓ-≠æ°æ-úø-û√†’ =

I am very happy to hear that you are going abroad/ about your travel abroad.

Syamal: I am happy too that to know that you too are coming. Komal:

Mom and dad will be sorry to know about my trials. It will be difficult for them to be without me.

Syamal: Mom didn't like to hear it first, but I convinced her. Komal:

I will promise to mom and dad to return early. Soon they will get used to it.

I shall be sorry to hear that you have... 2)

1) I really felt happy when I heard our team had won the match. I really felt happy to hear that our team had won the match... to hear about our team's success.

Syamal:

My only desire is not to hear the ... of our college teams

5) ...We didn't expect that we would win the

9) My only desire is that I should not hear about the defeat of our college team

our best sir.

(

8) We are thrilled that we have won this difficult match =

lose confidence.

this difficult match.

matches

...to have your encouragement and advice.

team had won the match. 2) I shall be delighted if I

such encouragement and advice from

We are delighted to have such encouragement and advice from you =

1) I really felt happy when I heard that our

(-N’-´’t-Lo £«îªa-Jç-î√†’ èπÿú≈, üËFo ûËLéπí¬ BÆæ’-éÓ-èπÿ-úø-ü¿F, ü¿÷èπ◊-úø’í¬ Öçú≈-©F.) aggressive= ü¿÷èπ◊-úø’í¬, îÌ®Ω-´í¬ Öçúøôç

Komal:

†’´¤y foreign ¢Á∞¡Ÿ-ûª’-Ø√o-´E NE Ø√èπ◊ î√™« džçü¿çí¬ ÖçC. †’´¤y èπÿú≈ ûªy®Ω™ØË Åéπ\-úÕ-éÌ-Ææ’hØ√o-´E ûÁLÆœ ؈’ ÆæçûÓ-≠œ-Ææ’hØ√o†’. ØËØ√ v°æߪ’ûªoç O’ü¿ ÖØ√o-†E ûÁLÊÆh ´÷ Å´÷t, Ø√Ø√o Eïçí¬ ¶«üµ¿-°æ-úø-û√®Ω’. ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ؈’ ™‰èπ◊çú≈ Öçúøôç éπ≠ædçí¬ Öçô’çC. ††’o ¢Á∞¡x-E-´yôç ´÷ Å´’tèπÿ É≠ædç ™‰ü¿’. é¬F ØËØË †îªa-ñ„§ƒp†’. ´÷ Å´’t ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ؈’ ûªy®Ωí¬ AJT ´îËa-≤ƒh-†E ´÷ô É≤ƒh. ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ûªy®Ω™ ÅC Å©-¢√-õ„j§Ú-ûª’çC. Å®·ûË ´÷ Ø√†o ´÷vûªç î√™« Ö§Òpç-T-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’ Ø√éà Ŵ-鬨¡ç ´*aç-ü¿E N†-ö«-EéÀ. ؈÷ v°æߪ’-Ao≤ƒh.

( get used = be used =

Å©-¢√-ô’-°æ-úøôç) Syamal: Dad was happy to hear that I got this opportunity. Komal:

I'll try too.

I'd (I would) love it if I had a house in such a peaceful place = I'd (I would) love to have a house in...

-§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm