Keraleeyam Magazine__october 2009 Lakkam

e°w 10

]pkvXIw 10

2009 HIvtSm-_¿

10 cq]

cmPy-Øns‚ `£y-]-c-am-[n-Imcw hnØv Iº-\n-Iƒ°v hn´p-sIm-Sp-°-cp-Xv. {]Xn-k‘nI-fpsS ImeØpw F√m-h¿°pw `£Ww F∂ ktµ-i-hp-ambn Cu h¿jsØ temI-`-£y-Zn\w BN-cn-°-s∏-Ssh A]-ISw ]nSn® P\n-X-I-km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ sIm≠p-h∂v \mSns‚ `£y-kp-c-£sb XI¿°-cp-Xv. _nSn hgp-X-\ß Irjn sNøp-∂-Xn\v A\p-aXn \¬Inb tI{µ-Øn-s\-Xnsc {]Xn-tj-[n-°p-I.

hc : hn.-F-kv. Knco-i≥

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`c-W-IqS `oI-c-X-bvs°-Xnsc Db¿∂

am\haq-ey-ß-fpsS i_vZw sI.B.¿.-F. 1985se cma-dm-hp-hns‚ `c-W-Im--eØv k-I-e-am-\p-jn-

I-aq-ey-ß-sfbpw Im-‰n¬-∏-dØn-sIm-≠v B-{‘-{]-tZin¬ I¿- j - I - a p- t ∂- ‰ ß- s f Zm- £ n- W y- a n√m- s X A- S n- ® - a ¿Øn. t]m- e o- k n- s \ \- c - \ m- b m- ´ n- \ m- b n kz- X - { ¥- a m- ° n hn´p- . t]m- e o- k v Kp- ≠ m- c m- P n¬ s]m-dp-Xn-ap-´n-bm-Wv B-Zy-am-bn C-hn-sS H-cp kn-hn¬ en-_¿-´o-kv aq-hv-sa‚ v cq-]w sIm-≈p-∂Xv. Im-IXo-b bq- W n- t h- g v - k n- ‰ n- b n¬ K- W n- X m- [ ym- ] - I - \ m- b n- c p- ∂ sI. _m-e-tKm-]m-em-Wv F¨-]-Xp-I-fn¬ A-Xn-\v t\-XrXzw sIm-S-p-Ø-Xv. G-‰p-ap-´-en¬ sIm√-s∏-Sp-∂h¿-°v th-≠n hm-Zn-°p-tºmƒXs∂ 'sd-Uv h-b-e≥kn\v' Im-c-W-°mcm-b am-thm-bn-kv-‰p-I-sfbpw \-Iv-ksse-‰p-Is - fbpw F-Xn¿Øncp∂ XnI™ a\p-jy-kvt\ln-bmb B henb kwLm-S-I\v BZcmRvP-en-Iƒ. B-{‘m-{]-tZ-in-se G-‰p-ap´¬ sIm-e-]m-X-I ]-c-º-c-bp-sS Ncn{Xw F-∂p ]-d-bp-∂Xv, I¿-j-I¿s°-Xn-sc-bp≈ t]m-eo-kv `o-I-c-hmgv-N-bp-sS Xp-S¿-®-X-s∂-bmWv. C-µncm-Km-‘n-bp-sS au-\m-\p-hm-Z-tØmsS kw-ÿm\-sØ tIm¨-{K-kv k¿-°mcpw ]n-∂o-Sv h-∂ cm-a-dmhphpw I¿-j-I-ap-t∂-‰ß-sf Zm-£nWy-an√m-sX A-Sn-®-a¿Øn. t]m-eo2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 3 0

kn-s‚ hym-P G-‰p-ap-´¬ a-c-W-kwJy A-\n-b-{¥n-X-am-bn h¿-[n-®-Xv 1985 cm-a-dm-hp-hn-s‚ c-≠mw-h-c-hnemWv. t]m-eo-kn-s\ \-c-\m-bm-´n-\mbn kz-X-{¥-am-°n hn´p-sIm-≠v `oI-c-hn-cp-≤ \n-b-ahpw kw-ÿm\sØ {I-a-k-am[m-\ ]-cn-]m-e-\ \nb-a-ßfpw I¿-j-I˛B-Zn-hm-kn t\Xm°-sf D-d-°-Øn¬-\n∂p-t]mepw hn-fn-®p-W¿Øn-sIm≠p-t]m-bn sh-

Sn-sh®p-sIm√m≥ kw-hn-[m-\-samcp°n. Hmtcm G- ‰ p- a p- ´ ¬ a- c - W ߃°pw _-‘-s∏´ t]m-eo-kpIm¿°pw {]-tXy-cw dn-hm¿-Up-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp∂-Xv sIm-≠v ]-e-t∏mgpw sIm-∂-Xn-\v ti-jw am-{X-ta Bƒ B- s c∂v - t ]mepw A- t \z- j n- ® n- c p∂p≈q. `q-hp-S-a-I-sf√mw ap-Jy-cm{„o-b-]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS t\-Xm-°-fm-bn I¿-jI - s - c an-\n-aw thX-\w t]mepw \¬-Im-sc ITn-\m-≤zm-\w sN-øn®p. ]p-Xp-°n-∏Wn-X tI-{µ-kwÿm-\ _‘ß-sf Xp-S¿-∂v FIv-ssk-kv \nIp-Xn kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ {][m-\ hcp-am-\a - m¿-Ka - m-hp-Ibpw FIvs - sk-kv tIm¨-{Sm-Œ¿-am¿ I¿-jI - c - p-sS ]pXnb ap-X-em-fn-am-cm-Ip-I-bp-w sN-b-vXp. A-Xn-\o-Nam-b a¿-Z-\-߃°pw AXn-{I-a-߃°pw t\-sc P-\-ß-fp-sS `m-K-Øp-\n-∂v sNdn-b sN-dp-Øp\n¬∏p-t]mepw D-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ Ah¿ Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-fm-bn ap-{Z-Ip-Øs∏´p. ho-Sp-Iƒ Xo-sh-°-s∏´p. kv{XoI-sf ]-c-ky-am-bn _-em-’w-Kw sN-bvXp. sN-dp-∏-°m-sc {Iq-c-am-bn ]o-Un-∏n-®v Aw-K-`w-Kw h-cp-Øn. {io-Im-Ipf-sØ P-\-ap-t∂-‰Øn-s‚ A-Sn-®a - ¿-Øe - n-\v ti-jw XpS¿∂v-t]m∂ t]m-eo-kv ta-[m-hn-XzØn¬ A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ Im-e-Øpam-{Xw 450t]¿ sIm√-s∏-s´-∂m-Wv I-W-°v. k-Ie - a - m-\p-jn-Ia - q-ey-ßs - fbpw Im-‰n¬-∏-dØn-sIm-≠v B-{‘-{]-tZin¬ \-S-am-Snb t]m-eo-kv Kp-≠mcm-Pn¬ s]m-dp-Xn-ap-´n-bm-Wv B-Zy-ambn C-hn-sS H-cp kn-hn¬ en-_¿-´okv aq-hs v- a‚ v cq-]w sIm-≈p-∂Xv. ImIXo-b bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n-bn¬ K-WnXm-[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-∂ sI. _m-etKm-]m-em-Wv F¨-]-Xp-I-fn¬ AXn-\v t\-XrXzw sIm-Sp- Ø - X - v. 1985se B-Zy-sØ B-dp-am-k-°me-Øv kw`-hn-®, sX-c-s™-Sp-Ø ]-Øp-a-cWß-sf Ip-dn-®v am{Xw hn-iZ- m-t\zjWw \-SØn-b I-Ωn-‰n sR-´n-°p-∂ h-kvX - p-XI - f - m-Wv ]p-dØp-sIm-≠p-h∂-Xv. `q-P-∑n-am¿-°v F-Xn¿ \n¬-°p∂ {Km-aoW-sc sIm-∂p-I-f-™ tijw Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-sS H-cp \o-≠

en-Ãv A-bm-fp-sS t]-cn¬ Np-a-Øs∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p ÿn-cw ssien. G-‰p-ap-´-ep-I-fn¬ H∂pw H-cp t]meo-kp-Imc≥-t]mepw a-cn-°p-I-tbm ]-cn-t°¬-°p-Itbm sN-bX -v n-´n√. hmd¶¬, I-cnw-\K¿, \n-km-am-_mZv, JΩw F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ \-S-∂ {Iqcam-b a-\p-jym-hIm-i [zw-k-\-ßfp-sS \-·am-b Nn{Xw _m-e-tKm-]mem-Wv B-Zy-am-bn sh-fn-s®°p-sIm≠p-h-∂Xv. G-‰p-ap-´-en¬ sIm√-s∏´p-sh-∂v ]d-™v H-gn-bm-hp-∂ A-t±lw a-lØm-b am-\pjn-I aq-ey-߃°v th-≠n i-‡n-bp-‡w hm-Zn®p. hn-Jym-X N-cn-{X-Im-c\m-b Un.Un. sIm-kmw-_n-bp-sS c-N-\-Iƒ At±l-sØ B-th-iw sIm-≈n-®p. t]m-eo-kv G-‰p-ap-´-en¬ sIm√s∏- S p- ∂ - h ¿- ° v th- ≠ n hm- Z n- ° ptºmƒXs∂ 'sd-Uv h-b-e≥-kn\v' Im-c-W-°mcm-b am-thm-bn-kv-‰p-Isfbpw \-Iv-k-sse-‰p-I-sfbpw A-t±lw F-Xn¿Øp. F.]n.kn.F≥ IΩn-‰n-bn¬-\n∂pw sX-‰n-∏n-cn-™v lyqa≥ ssd-‰k v- v t^m-dw cq-]o-Ic - n-®X - pXs∂ kn.]n.sF (FwF¬) D-∑q-e\ kn-≤m-¥-tØm-Sv I-e-ln®p-sIm≠mWv. \-c-l-Xy-I-sfbpw Ip-Sn-bn-d°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-sS I-„-\-„ß-sf

Ip-dn®pw {]Xn-tem-a-I-c-ßfm-b hnI-k-\-kn-≤m-¥-ß-sf Ip-dn®pw C°-tWm-an-Iv B‚ v s]m-fn-‰n-°¬ hoIv-en-bn-¬ F-gp-Xn. em¬-K-Un¬ t\cn-´ph-∂v b-Ym¿-∞ A-h-ÿ a-\-knem-°m≥ A-t±-l-sØ A-Sp-Øn-sSbm-Wv A-hn-Sp-sØ am-th t\-Xm-hv sh√p-hn-fn-®Xv. ''s{]m-_-_n-en-‰n Xnb-dn-bn¬'' hm-d¶ - ¬ B¿.C.kn-bn¬\n-∂pw tUm-Œ-td-‰v t\-Sn-b Cu {]K¬-`\m-b K-Wn-X-im-kv-{X-⁄s\, ]-s£ B-{‘m-t]m-eo-kn-s‚ Nm-ckw-L-S-\bmb ''{]-Pm_-‘p'' X-´ns°m≠p-t]mIpI t]m-ep-ap-≠mbn. B-{‘m-t]m-eo-kn¬-\n∂pw ]n-Sn®psIm≠p-t]m-b c-≠p-t]-sc hn-´p-In´m≥ \-Iv-k-sse-‰p-Im-tcm-Sv hn-e-t]im-\m-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. 1997¬ tZio-b a-\p-jym-hIm-i I-Ωo-j≥ ap-ºm-sI-bp-≈ sX-fn-shSp-∏n¬ A∂-sØ tkm-fn-kn-‰¿-P\ - d-en-s\-Xn-sc-bp-≈ _m-et- Km-]m-en-s‚ hm-Za - p-Jß - f - m-Wv ]n-∂o-Sv C-¥y-bn¬ B-Zy-am-bn G-‰p-ap-´¬ a-cW - ß - ƒ-D≠m-bm¬-t]mepw F-^v.sF.B¿ ka¿-∏n-°W - s - a-∂ N-cn-{X-]c - am-b dq-fnwKn-te-°v h-gn-sX-fn-®X - v. A-\y-Xm t¢-i-c-ln-Xhpw htcWy-hpam-b k¿-°m¿ D-tZym-Kw th-

s≠-∂v h-®v B-Zn-hm-kn I¿-j-I kaq-l-߃-°v s]m-Xp-\o-Xn e-`y-am°m≥ Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚ \√-Im-ew apgp-h≥ sN-e-h-gn-® _m-e-tKm-]m-ens‚ tZ-lhn-tbm-Kw Xn-I-®pw B-Ikv-an-I-am-bn-cp∂p. `-c-WIq-S hn-[zwk-\-i-‡n-Iƒ ap-gp-h\pw ''Hm-∏-tdj≥ {Ko≥l-≠v'' F-∂ t]-cn¬ kam-l-cn-®v B-{‘-{]-tZ-in¬ h¿-[n-Xho-cy-tØm-sS Xo-{h-hm-Zn th´-°v Cd-ßp-∂ C∂-sØ km-lN - c - y-Øn¬ _m-e-tKm-]m¬ sX-fn-bn-® Zo-]inJ \-ap-°v F∂pw h-gn-Im-´n-bm-bncn-°pw. B-tKm-f-ap-X-em-fn-Ø i‡n- I ƒ D- ] - t `m- K - k - a q- l - Ø n- \ pta¬ em-`-s°m-Xn-bp-sS cm-£-kmIm-cw ]q-≠p-\n¬-°p-tºmƒ, kz-Imcy h¬-I-c-W-Øn-s‚ Ip-sØm-gp°n¬ ]n-Sn-®p-\n¬-°m-\m-Im-sX Zcn-{Z-k-l-{k-߃ ]m-emb-\w sNøp-tºmƒ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-Øn-s‚ alØm-b aq-ey-߃ D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn®v kw-L-Sn-°m≥ _m-e-tKm-]m-ens‚ Pohn-X k-tµ-i-߃ \-ap-°v I-cp-Øp-]-Ic-s´ F-∂v {]-Xo-£n°mw. a-lm\mb B a-\p-jy-kv-t\ln-sb Ip-dn-®p-≈ Hm¿-a-Iƒ-°v ap∂n¬ hn-\o-Xa - m-bn X-eI - p-\n-°p∂p.

`mhnbpw ]cn-ÿn-Xnbpw \in-∏n®v ‘tim`-’bpsS hnI-k\w! Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn√-bnse hf-¥°mSv tim` Uh-e-t∏gvkn\v A\paXn \¬IcpsX∂v tIcf _tbmssU-th-gvkn‰n t_m¿Uv apJy-a{- ¥ntbmSv Bh-iy-s∏´p. hf-¥-°ms´ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI˛Bhm-k-hy-hÿbv°v I\Ø \miw D≠m-°p∂ ]≤Xn tI{µ˛kwÿm\ \nb- a ߃ ]c-ky-ambn ewLn-°p-I-IqSn sNøp∂p. \mev tImSn kvIzb¿ ^o‰n-emWv sslsSIv kn‰n-bpsS \n¿ΩmWw. 5000 tImSn cq]-bmWv CXn-\mbn \nt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. 1963se tIcf `q]-cn-jv°-c-W-\nbaw ewLn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ 18 Iº\n-I-fpsS t]cn-emWv Ch¿ ChnsS `qan hmßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. 320 G°¿

`qanbpw CXp-Iq-SmsX tim` Uhe-t∏gvkv Cu {]tZ-iØv kz¥-am°n-bn-´p≠v. {]mtZ-inI P\-Xbv°v kpÿnc Pohn-X-am¿§hpw ssPhnI-amb Bhm-k-hy-h-ÿbpw Hcp°p∂ ÿe-amWv sslsSIv kn‰n \in- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - s X∂v _tbm ssUth-gk v n‰n ]d-bp-∂Xv. t\mtfPv ]m¿°v, Xmt¥m- \ n- Ø p- c pØv, sIm®n, sslsSIv kn‰n hf- ¥ °mSv , C‚- t {K- ‰ Uv Su¨jn∏v tImgn-t°mSv ({Kmknw C‚-kv{Sokv) XpS-ßnb h≥InS ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v A\p-aXn \¬Inb GI-Pm-eI ¢nfb-d≥kv IΩn-‰n-bn¬ ]s¶-SpØ D∂X DtZym-K-ÿ¿°pw kwÿm\- a - { ¥n- a m¿°pw _tbm- s sU- t h-

gvkn‰n t_m¿Uv \n¿t±-iß - ƒ Ab®n- ´ p≠v . Xoc- t Z- i - k w- c - £ - W - \ nbaw, s\¬h- b ¬kw- c - £ - W - \ nbaw, tIcf h\- \ bw, tZiob sh‰v e m≥dv kwc- £ - W - \ n- b aw, tIcf tÉv _tbm-ssU-th-gvkn‰n B£≥ πm≥, tIcf `q]-cn-jv°c-W-\n-baw, tI{µ em≥dv AIzn-kn‰-j≥ BIvSv, dwk¿ I¨k¿thj≥ F∂o \nb- a - ß ƒ tim`m sslsS- I v k n‰n ChnsS ewLn°p∂p. {]mtZ- i nI P\- X bv ° v CXp-aqew 77.28 tImSn cq]-bpsS hm¿jn- I - \ - j v S - a mWv CXp- a qew ChnsS D≠m-Im≥ t]mIp-∂-sX∂v _tbm- s sU- t h- g v k n‰n t_m¿Uv hne-bn-cp-Øp∂p.

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 3 1

sNßd kacw ]n∂n´

795 Zn\-߃

Irjn-`q-an°pw sa®s∏´ Pohn-X-Øn-\p-ambn tIc-f-Ønse `qc-ln-Xcpw BZn-hm-kn-I-fpw Zfn-Xcpw \S-Ønb sFXn-lmkn-I-amb sNßd kacw k¿°m-cp-ambn HØp-Xo¿∏p-hy-hÿ-I-fn¬ FØn-t®-cm-\n-S-bmb kml-N-cyhpw Ncn-{X-]-camb t\´-sa∂v \sΩ hniz-kn-∏n-°m≥ {ian® `q]-cn-jvIcW `qX-Im-esØ t]mÃvtam¿´w sNbvX Cu P\-Iob kac-Øns‚ \mƒhgn-Ifpw hnNn-¥\w sNø-s∏-Sm\p≈ kab-am-Wn-Xv. H∏w \nt£-]-I¿°mbn am{Xw Xpd∂v sImSp°m\p≈ D]-t`m-Kh - k - vXp-hmbn am{Xw ]cn-Wa - n® `qan-bpsS bYm¿∞ Ah-Im-is - Ø-°p-dn®pw knhn¬k-aq-lØ - ns‚bpw kmaqly {]ÿm-\ß - f - p-sSbpw P\m-[n-]X - y-]c - a - mb hf¿® `bs∏-Sp∂ -Ip-ØIka-c]m¿´n Xß-fpsS ^mknÃv sajn\dn D]-tbm-Kn®v P\-Iob ka-cß - sf XI¿°m-≥ \S-Øp∂ {ia-ßsf {]Xn-tcm[nt°≠ hn[sØIp-dn-®p-ap≈ BtemN-\-Iƒ°v sNßd hgn-Xp-d-∂n-Sp-∂p.


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kmaqly hnIm-kØ - ns‚ Ncn{XØnse

\n¿Æm-bI hnPbw Fkv. cmPo-h≥ tIc-f-Øn¬ Gsd tImfn-f°w krjvSn® sNßd `qk-acw 796-˛mw Znhkw 2009 HIvtSm: 5 \v HØp Xo¿∏m-bn. 27 ]´nIh¿§ IpSpw-_߃°v Htc-°¿ `qanbpw Ht∂Im¬ e£w cq]bpw (ho-Sn-\v) Hcp sk‚p `qant]mepw kz¥- a m- b n√mØ 832 ]´nIPmXn IpSpw-_߃°v Ac-tb-°dpw Hcp e£w cq]bpw A©p sk‚n¬ Xmsg-

bp≈ 573 IpSpw- _ - ß ƒ°v 10 apX¬ 25 sk‚ v hsc `qanbpw Fgp]-Ø-øm-bncw cq]bpw 5 sk‚n\p apI-fn¬ `qan-bp≈ 306 IpSpw-_߃°v 75000 cq] hoXhpw \¬Ipw. ka-c`- q-an-bn¬ ac-Wa - S- ™ 13 t]cpsS IpSpw-_-Øn\v klmb [\w \¬IpI, ka-c° - m¿s°-Xnsc FSp-Øn-´p≈ tIkp-Iƒ ]n≥h-en°p-I, lmcn-k-Wns‚ tXm´-߃

Af-°p∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn BZyw sNßdtØm´w Af-°pI, ]mt°Pv \S-∏n-em°nbXn\p-tijw am{Xw ka-c`qan Hgn-bp-I, XpS-ßnb hyh-ÿ-I-fmWv HØpXo¿∏n-ep-≈Xv. tZmssj-IZr°p-I-fmb Nne ZfnXv kwL-S\ - m-t\-Xm-°s - fm-gnsI as‰√m P\-hn-`m-Kß - fpw ]{X-am-≤ya- ß fpw Ncn- { X- ] - c - a mb hnPbw F∂mWv HØpXo¿∏n-s\-°p-dn®v hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xv. sNßd kacw A\ys‚ `qan-bn-ep≈ A\ym-b-amb ssItø‰hpw A\ys‚ apX-en-t\m-Sp≈ B¿Øn-bp-am-sW-∂mWv k¿°mcpw kn]nsF (Fw) t\Xm-°fpw {]Ncn-∏n-®-Xv. AhnsS `qc-ln-X-cmcpw

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm-_¿ 0 3

Cs√∂pw F√m-hcpw `qanbpw hoSpap-≈-h-cm-sW∂pw ]d-™p. 300˛ ¬ Xmsg- a m{Xw IpSpw- _ - ß tf Ahn-sS-bp≈q F∂pw {]N-cn-∏n-®psIm≠v ]d-™-dn-bn-°m-\m-hmØ arKo-b-amb A{I-a-ß-fmWv sNßd ka-c-Øn-\p-ta¬ C°q-´¿ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp∂Xv. kv{XoIfpw Ip´n-I-fp-a-S°w Bbnc-߃ F√mw kln®pw £an®pw AN- © ew \ne- s Im- ≠ p. c≠p h¿jhpw c≠p-am-khpw ]n∂n-´p-Ign™t∏mƒ ap≥Iq-dmb Adn-bn-∏n√msX k¿°m¿ \S-Ønb k¿t∆bn¬ 1738 IpSpw-_-߃ ka-c-`q-anbn¬ Ds≠∂pw AXn¬ 907 IpSpw_-߃ kz¥-ambn Hcp sk‚ v `qan t]mepw C√m-Ø-h-cm-sW∂pw 573 IpSpw- _ - ß ƒ 5 sk‚ n¬ Xmsg-am{Xw `qan-bp≈hcm-sW∂pw {]Jym-]n-®p. CsXmcp ka- c - t a- b - √ msb∂pw `qc- l n- X ¿ hnt√- P n¬ At]£ \¬Ip∂ apdbv ° v 3 sk‚n\-∏pdw B¿°pw \¬Im\p≈ hIp-∏n-s√∂pw {]Jym-]n-®h-sc-s°m≠v CØ-c-samcp HØpXo¿∏p- ≠ m- ° n- ° m≥ Ign™p F∂Xv tIc-f-Øns‚ cmjv{Sob kmaqly kml-N-cy-Øn¬ \n mc-amb kwK-Xn-b-√. CXn-\n-S-bm-°nbXv kac t\Xr-Xz-Øns‚ COmi‡nbpw t]mcm-fn-I-fpsS \n›- b - Z m¿Vy- h pam- W v . AtXmsSm∏w tIc-f-Øn-ep-S-\ofw s]mXp kaqlw Cu ka- c sØ Gs‰SpØp F∂-Xm-Wv. sNdpXpw hepXp-amb am≤y-aß - fpw Cu {]t£m`sØ P\-ßf - n-se-Øn-°m≥ Gsd klm-bn-®p. HØp Xo¿∏p hyh-ÿI - s - f-°p-dn®v A`n-{]mb hyXym-k-߃ D≠mIpI kz`m-ho-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬ CXn-s\-Xnsc cwKØp h∂ncn-°p∂- h ¿ ]n¥pW \¬In- b Imew apX¬ kac t\Xr- X z- t ØmSv CS™p \n∂-hc - m-Wv. ka-cØ - ns‚ \b-cq-]o-Ic - W - Ø - n¬ ]pd-Øp-\n∂v Bscbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ fml tKm]m- e ≥ Xøm- d m- b n- √ . kacsØ sslPm°v sNøm≥ Bscbpw A\p- h - Z n- ® n- √ . AXp 2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 0 4

HØp Xo¿∏p hyh-ÿI - s- f-°p-dn®v A`n-{]mb hyXym-kß - ƒ D≠m-IpI kz`m-ho-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬ CXn-s\-Xnsc cwKØp h∂ncn-°p-∂-h¿ ]n¥pW \¬In-bImew apX¬ kac t\Xr-Xz-tØmSv CS™p \n∂h-cm-Wv. ka-cØ - ns‚ \b-cq-]o-Ic- W - Ø - n¬ ]pd-Øp-\n∂v Bscbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ fml tKm]m-e≥ Xøm-dm-bn-√. ka-csØ sslPm°v sNøm≥ Bscbpw A\p-hZ- n-®n-√. AXp Xs∂-bmWv Cu ka-csØ hnP-b-I-c-ambn c≠p h¿jhpw c≠p amk-hpw apt∂m´p \bn-®-Xv. kmaqly hnIm-k-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw a\- n-em-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw sNßd kacw Ncn{XhnPbw t\Sn F∂pXs∂ ]d-tb≠n hcpw. Xs∂-bmWv Cu ka-csØ hnPb-I-c-ambn c≠p h¿jhpw c≠p amk- h pw apt∂m´p \bn- ® - X v . kmaqly hnIm-k-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw a\- n-em-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw sNßd kacw Ncn{XhnPbw t\Sn F∂pXs∂ ]d-tb≠n hcpw. h≥InS IpØ-I-Iƒ A\-[n-Ir-Xambn ssIhiw h°p-Ibpw adn®p hn¬°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ `qan-sb-°pdn®v s]mXp kaq-l-Øn¬ kPoh N¿®-bv°n-S-bm°n sNßd ka-cw. `q]cn-jv°-c-W-_n-√ns‚ {]tbmP\w tIc-f-Ønse `qc-lnX ]´nI-PmXn hn`m-Kß - ƒ°v e`y-am-bn-√msb∂v kn]nsF (Fw)s\s°m≠v kΩ-Xn-∏n-®p. Ncn-{X-Ønem-Zy-ambn Ah¿°v ]´n- I - P m- X n- ° m- c psS {]iv\-߃ N¿® sNøm≥ I¨h≥j≥ hnfn- ® p- I q- t ´≠n h∂p. ssItø-‰-°m¿°v ]´-b-taf \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ `qc-ln-X¿°v `qanhnX-cW taf-Iƒ {]Jym-]n-t°-≠n-h-∂p. 30 sIm√w apºv \¬Inb e£w hoSp-Iƒ \hoI-cn-°Ww F∂ tXm∂-ep-≠m°n AXn-\mbn tem´dn ASn-t°≠ KXn-tISpw h∂p. `qanbpw hoSp-an√m-Ø-h¿°v 5000 tImSn cq]-bpsS ]mt°Pv \S-∏n-em-°p-sa∂p {]Jym]n-t°-≠n-h-∂p. a{¥-na-µn-c-ß-fnepw Ct∂mh- I m- d nepw Ccp- ∂ - h sc BZnhmkn˛]´n-IP - m-Xn-tIm-f\ - n-bn-te°v Cd-°n-s°m≠p h∂p. KpWØnt\m tZmj-Ønt\m apJy a{¥ntbbpw {]Xn-]-£-t\-Xm-hn-t\bpw Hcp tai-bv°n-cp-h-ihpw Ccp-Øm\mb ka-cw. Hcp cmjv{Sob I£nbp-tSbpw t\Xr-Xz-Øn-e-√msX Hcp

kap-Zmb kwL-S-\-bp-tSbpw ]n¥pW C√msX km[p-P-\-߃ Ah- c psS Xs∂ t\Xr- X zsØ kzbw Is≠-Øp-Ibpw kz¥-amb kac X{¥-߃ Bhn-jv°-cn®v A[n- I m- c n- I sf ap´p- I p- Ø n- ° pIbpw sNbv X sNßd kacw Km‘n-Pn-tbbpw AXn-ib - n-∏n-°p∂ P\m-[n-]-Xy-k-a-c-ssi-en-bn-eqsS temI-Øn\p Xs∂ amXrI ImWn®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. icn-bmb t\XrXzhpw ka-cc - o-Xn-bp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ P\߃°v F√m-Øcw A\o-Xn-Iƒ°psa-Xnsc s]mcpXn apt∂-dm≥ Ignbp-sa∂ Znim kqN-\b - mWv sNßd `qka-cw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Pn√m sk{I-´dn, Fkv . bp.kn.sF., ]Ø- \ w- X n´ t^m¨ : 9387066611

kmaqly{i≤bv°v tIc-f-Ønse s]mXp hn`-h-߃°pth-≠n-bp≈ P\-Iob ka-c-ß-tfbpw s]mXp {]iv \ - ß - t fbpw tIc- f o- b Øn¬ ]cn- N - b - s ∏- S p- Ø p- ∂ - X n\pw _‘n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw-th≠n XpS¿®bmbn {ian-°p∂ am[y-a-sa∂\nebn¬ hepXpw sNdp-Xp-amb F√m kac-ßf - p-sSbpw Adn-bn-∏p-Iƒ, t\m´o-kpIƒ, ]T-\-hn-h-c-߃, ]{X-°-´n-ßpIƒ, t^mt´m-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh tIc-fob- Ø n- t e°v Ab- ® p- X - c - W - s a∂v A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p. ]{X-am-[y-a-ß-fpsS {]mtZ-inI FUn-j-\p-Iƒ h∂-tXm-SpIqSn Hcp s]mXp-{]iv\w Pn√-bv°-IØp-t]mepw N¿® sNøm-Xn-cn-°p∂ ÿnXn-bn¬ AX-dn-bn-°m\pw _‘n∏n-°m\pw ka-c-hn-h-c-߃ Ab-®p-Xc-W-sa∂v A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p. hnemkw : tIc-fo-bw, sIm°m-se, Xriq¿-˛21 t^m¨ : 9446576943, 9446586943, 0487-2421385 e-mail : [email protected]




dnt∏m¿´v

cmk-am-en-\y-ß-sfmgp°n Nme-°pSn ]pgtbbpw ]cnk-cs - Øbpw \mfp-If - mbn aen-\a - m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ ImXn-°p-SsØ \n‰m-P-em-‰n-≥ Iº\n-bpb¿Øp∂ acW-`o-j-Wn-bpsS bYm¿∞ Nn{Xw. 1979¬ Bcw-`n® arK-ßf - psS F√n¬ \n∂pw H o≥ F∂ cmk-hkvXp D≠m-°p∂ Cu Iºn\nbpw hnI-k-\-Øns‚ t]cnemWv ÿm]n-°-s∏-´Xv, ]s£ ]Xn-hp-t]mse hnIk\w Chn-sSbpw {]tZ-i-hm-kn-I-fpsS kz]v\-ßsf XInSw adn-®p. hnj-en-]vX-amb \mSn-s\-bpw tcmKn-Ifmb Hcp P\-Xt- b-bp-amWv AXv HSp-hn¬ krjvSn-®X - v. XpS-°-Øn¬ kwÿm\ hyh-kmb hnI-k\ tIm¿]td-js - ‚ ssIbn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Iq´pkwcw-`I - c - m-b \n‰m Pem-‰n-s‚bpw anXvkp-_njn tIm¿]-td-js - ‚bpw ]°te°v FØn-b-tXmsS Aan-X-em`Xzc-]q≠v DXv]m-Z\ {]{In-bbpw aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{¥W kwhn-[m-\-ß-fpsa√mw A´n- a - d n- ° - s ∏- ´ p. Xt±- i - h m- k n- I - t fmSv ]pe¿tØ≠ kmam\y acym-Z-Iƒ t]mepw ewLn-°s∏-´p. Iºn-\n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒs°-Xnsc P\-Iob kacw i‡-am-Ip∂ ]›m-Øe - Ø - n¬ Imf-Iq-Sa - m-Ip∂ ImXn-°p-S-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp hni-Z-amb dnt∏m¿´v.

ImXn°pSsØ ImfIqSw

]pg-bn¬ \ns∂m-cp-XpSw ImXn-°pSw sI.-sI. N{µ-ti-J-c≥ tIcfØn¬ ]Sn™ms´mgpIp∂ \ZnIfn¬ KXn amdn Ingt°m s´mgpIp∂ {]Xn`mkw Nme°pSn ]pgbpsS {]tXyIXbmIp∂p. Bdßmenbpw A∂\mSpw Ign ™m¬ sIms≠mgn™m¬ ]pg Np°ncn°m´pa\ t£{Xw Is≠mgn™p t]msb∂mWv sFXnlyw. Is≠mgn™mse∂ t]cp In´nbXnßs\. Is≠m gn™m¬ ]n∂oSv h≥Npgn Ifp≠nhnsS. ]pg \maNcn{Xw ]pgbn¬ h≥ NpgnIfp≠nhnsS. ]pg Ingt°ms´mgpIp∂ ssX °q´w, I°mSv , ]pfnbv ° IShv `q{]tZi߃°nSbn¬ Hcp X\n Im¿jnI {KmaamIp∂p ImXn °pSw.

\mSns‚ \ndIpSw ImXn°pSw ]pgbpw tXmSpw Nndbpw \o¿®mepIfpw ImXn°pSØns‚ XÆo¿°pS߃ XmWnbwtXmSv sNdptXmSv , Imcnbv ° tØmSv , s]cpatXmSv, IÆ≥Nnd, NmØ≥Nm¬ \o¿®mepIsf√mw ]pgbn¬ tNcp∂p. aesh≈w sIm≠phcp∂ F°¬ ]pg ]Icw \¬Ip∂p, aÆn\v hfIqtdIp∂p. I°m´p ]mShpw s]mt∂Øp ]mShpw AºeØmghpw apXp Im´p ]mShpw ImXn°p SØns‚ s\√dIƒ. XmWnbw ]md, ]cobv°∏mSw, t]c\m´p ]mSw, Ipcnbne∏mSw, ]mStiJ cß fpsS \mSmIp∂p ImXn°pSw. ap∏qhv Irjnbnd°n tNmc

\ocm°n tNdv tNmdm°n am‰p∂ I¿jI¿ tXm´nepw ]pgbnepw ao≥]nSn®pw ]mSØpw ]dºnepw ]WnsbSpØpw Imew Ign®hcm bncp∂p. I°m´v apf® hnØm bncp∂p C¥ybpsS s]m≥ IXn¿ ]\ºn≈n tKmhnµ tat\m≥. ]pgbpsS kwkv I r Xnbmhmw, {Kmahn ip≤nbpamhmw IhnIfpw IemImc≥amcpw IcIuie hnZKv [ cpw P∑saSpØ \mSv . acØn¬ IchncpXp Im´p∂ BimcnamcpsS hwiap≠nhnsS. A∏pdw I´∏pdØv I√mim cnamcp≠v . IfnaÆn¬ a¨]m {X߃ hncnbns®Sp°p∂ Ipw`mc ≥amcp≠v . Imcncpºn¬ Im¿jn

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 1 3

tIm]IcW߃ \n¿Ωn°p∂ Icphm\p≠v. kz¿Æm`cW߃ Xo¿°phm≥ X´m\pap≠v. ]db≥ Ip∂p≠v sNdme°p∂p≠v aqimcn ∏dºpw D≠v. ImhpIfp≠v t£{Xßfp≠v. s\√pw sXßpw Ihpßpw \m\mhn[ Im¿jnI hnfIfpw lcnX XneIaWn bn°p∂ \mSns‚ \ndIpSamIp∂p ImXn°pSw. ImXn°pSsØmcp Imf°pSw hnfhp Xn∂m\ndßp∂ \m¬°menIsf ]Sn®p sI´p∂ ÿeambncp∂p ImhS. GXm≠v aq∂c ∏Xn‰m≠p apºv ImhS ∏Sn°p ap∂n¬ s]mt∂Øp Ip∂n¬ P∏m≥ Iº\n°mbn ÿesaSpØp. \m´pImcmÀmZn®p. BbncIW°n\p t]¿°v sXmgn¬ e`n°psa{X! ÿeØn\p Np‰pw {]tXyIn®v ]mSØv Hcp tIm´ t]mse h≥aXn¬ Db¿∂t∏mƒ Nnesc¶nepw B]Øv aWØp. kao]hmknbpw FACT Poh\°mc\pambncp∂ IÆmº eØv Aø∏≥\mb¿ hcm\ncn °p∂ F√p Iº\ns°Xnsc At∂ {]Xnt£[n®ncp∂p. \mSns‚ hnIk\w XSbp∂ \mb¿°v h´msW∂v P\w ]cnlcn®p. 1979˛¬ tIcf sIan°¬kv B‚ v t{]m´o≥kv enan‰Uv (KCPL) {]h¿Ø\w Bcw`n®p. Hcp kwbp‡ kwc`ambmWv Bcw`w. A°me Øv IqSpX¬ HmlcnIfpw tIcf kwÿm\ hyhkmb hnIk\ tIm¿∏tdj\mbncp∂p. _m°n HmlcnIfmbncp∂p P∏m≥ Iº\nIfmb \n‰m Pem‰n\pw an‰v k p _pjn tIm¿∏tdj\pw D≠mbncp∂Xv. ]n¬°meØv `qcn`mKw HmlcnIfpw \n‰m Pem‰n≥ ssIhis∏SpØpIbpw Iº\nbpsS t]cp Xs∂ \n‰m Pem‰n≥ C¥ym enan‰Uv (NJIL) F∂m°n am‰pIbpw sNbXp. D¬∏mZ\ {]{Inb arKßfpsS F√n¬ \n∂pw cmk{]h¿Ø\w hgn H o≥ D≠m°nsbSp°p∂ {]{InbbmWv

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 1 4

ChnsS \S°p∂Xv. S¨ IW°n\v F√pw sslt{Um t¢mdnIv BknUpw sh≈hpamWv AkwkvIrX ]Zm¿∞߃. ]≠v 18 S¨ F√pIfmWv D]tbmKn ®ncp∂sX¶n¬ C∂Xv Zn\w{]Xn 120 SÆmbn h¿≤n®ncn°p∂p. Hcp tem´n¬ 35 apX¬ 40 S¨ hsc F√ps]mSn D]tbmKn°p∂p. AØcØn¬ Znhkhpw aq∂v tem´v Nm¿Pv sNøp∂p. Hcp Znhkw D]tbmKn°p∂ sslt{Um t¢mdnIv BknUns‚ Afhv Hcp e£Øn Ccp]Xn\mbncw en‰¿ BWv. c≠v tImSntbmfw en‰¿ Pehpw Zn\w{]Xn D]tbm Kn°p∂p. tKmUuWn¬ \n∂v \pdp ßnb F√pIƒ I¨sh bdneqsS ISØn hnSp∂p. tªmh¿ apJm¥ncw F√pIfnse kn\yqkv th¿Xncn°p∂p. ssht{_‰¿ s\‰neqsS henb F√pIsf am‰p∂p. Cßs\ e`n°p∂ Ahkm\ Akwkv IrXhkvXp tdm´dn hmjdn¬ ]ºnßneqsS BknUv _mØn¬ \nt£]n °p∂p. _mØnte°v XWpØ sh≈hpw sslt{Um t¢mdnIv BknUpw Bhiym \pkcWw tN¿°p∂p. A©v apX¬ Ggv Znhkw hsc Cu {]{Inb XpScp∂p. F√nse Im¬kyw (Calsium) th¿Xncn °pIbpw t{]m´o≥ am{Xw FSp°pIbpw sNøp∂p. CXmWv {][m\ DXv]∂amb H o≥ (Ossien) CXn¬ 2 tem´v P∏m\nte°v Ib‰n Ab°pIbmWv. _m°n Hcp tem´v enan‰Uv H o≥ (LO) B°n am‰p∂p H o\n¬ IpΩmbhpw XWpØ sh≈hpw tN¿Øv 40 apX¬ 50 Znhkw hsc Sm¶n¬ kq£n°ptºgmWv enan‰Uv H o≥ D≠mIp∂Xv. CXv Pem‰n≥ \n¿ΩmWØn\mbn Iº\nbpsS Im°m\ms´ πm‚nte°v sIm≠p t]mIp∂p. Dt]m¬∏∂w \n¿Ωm°m\mbn tamtWm Im¬kyw t^mkvt^‰n¬ IpΩm bw tN¿Øv ssU Im¬kyw

t^mkvt^‰v (DCP) D≠m°p∂p. aen\oIcW \nb{¥W t_m¿Uns‚ (PCB)IW° \pkcn®v Zn\w {]Xn D]tbmKn °mhp∂ F√ns‚ Afhv 80 S¨ am{XamIp∂p. PeØns‚ D]t`m Kw 62, 90, 200 en‰¿ am{Xw ]s£ Nme°pSn ]pgbn¬ ]ºv lukv ÿm]n®v Iº\n Pew Du‰p∂ Xn\v ssIbpw IW°pan√. ]n. kn. _n.bpsS A\paXn {]Imc amWv Nme°pSn ]pgbn¬ \n∂v sh≈w FSp°p∂sX∂mbncp∂p Iº\nbpsS AhImihmZw. ]t£, 2009 sk]v‰w_¿ 25˛mw XnbXn ÿew Fw. F¬. F. _n. Un. tZh n ImXn°pSØv hnfn®p tN¿Ø tbmKØn¬ Nme°pSn ]pgbn¬\n∂v sh≈sa Sp°m≥ Iº\n°v A\paXn \¬Inbn ´ns√∂mWv ]n. kn. _n. sNb¿am≥ Fkv. Un. Pb{]km Zv shfns∏SpØnbXv. amen\yØns‚ DdhnS߃ {][m\ambpw 3 πm‚pIfn¬ \n∂mWv amen\yw hcp∂Xv. 1) H o≥ πm‚ n¬\n∂v :˛ BknUv Ie¿∂ sh≈w {Kokv. Hmbn¬ Awi߃, amwk Øns‚bpw a÷bptSbpw Ahin jvS߃, a‰p cmk ]Zm¿∞߃. 2) enan‰Uv H o≥ (LO) πm‚n¬ \n∂v: IpΩmbw Ie¿∂ sh≈w. 2)DCP πm‚ n¬ \n∂v: `oaamb Afhn¬ t¢mssdUv Ie¿∂sh≈w ta¬∏d™ 3 πm‚pIfn tebpw AhinjvS߃tdm F^njy‚ v Sm¶n¬ FØp∂p. XpS¿∂v ]ºnwKneqsS ^vfmjv anIvkvNdnte°v ^vtfmIptej≥ Sm¶n¬ IpΩmbw tN¿Øv AknUn‰n Ipdbv°p∂p. (BknUns‚ \yq{Sssetkj≥ {]{Inb am{XamWv bYm¿∞ Øn¬ \S°p∂Xv . sIan°¬ Cw]yqcn‰okv ip≤oIcn°p∂ Xn\p≈ kwhn[m\ßsfm∂pw \nehn¬ D]tbmKn°p∂n√.) ]n∂oSv ¢mcn^¿ XnIv\¿

F∂nhbneqsS ISØn hnSp∂p. tdm´dn hmIzw ^n¬´¿ D]tbmKn®v …UvPv th¿Xncn°pIbpw ss{Ubm°n sbSp°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Cu cmkamen\yw hfsa∂ t]cn¬ Znhtk\ S¨IW°n\mWv ]pdtØ°v sIm≠pt]mIp∂Xv . Gtdj≥ Sm¶n¬ \n∂pw sk°‚dn ¢mcn^dn¬ FØp∂ aen\ Pew ss]∏v apJm¥ncw t\sc Nme°pSn∏pgbpsS ASnØ ´nte°v Hgp°n hnSp∂p. aen\oIcWw aq∂p ]Xn‰m≠mbn aÆnepw PeØnepw A¥co£ Ønepw \n‰m Pem‰n≥ Iº\n \nt£]n®p sIm≠ncn°p∂ cmkhnj amen\y߃ \nanØw a\pjy\S°w At\Imbncw PohPme߃°v PohnXw Zp l ambncn°pIbmWv. aÆv aeo\oIcWw Iº\n hf∏n¬ 10 ASntbmfw BgØn¬ {S©v Ipgn®v AXn \p≈nembncp∂p BZyIme ßfn¬ Jcamen\yw \nt£ ]n®ncp∂Xv. kao] {]tZißfnse InWdp Ifnepw ]mStiJcß fnepw Pemi bßfnepw hnjmwiw Ie¿∂v Ahsb√mw D]tbm Kiq\yambn amdn. DXv ] mZ\w h¿≤n®tXmsS Jcamen\yw hfsa∂ t]cn¬ IrjnbnSßfn¬ \nt£]n°m≥ XpSßn. hnf \mi ambncp∂p ^ew. 2007 Unkw_¿ apcnbmSv ]©mbØnse thg°m´p Icbn¬ Iº\n X≈nb hnjmwiw Ie¿∂ Jcamen\y߃°v Xo ]nSn®v \m´pIm¿°v Npabpw izmk XSkhpw A\p`hs∏´p. XpS¿∂v ]©mbØv {]knU‚ v eXm N{µs‚ t\XrXzØn¬ A·nia \tk\bpw \m´pImcpw tN¿∂v Xo AWbv°pIbmbncp∂p. X≈nb amen\y߃ c≠p ZnhkØn\Iw am‰msa∂ Dd∏n¬ _‘s∏´ hy‡nsb t]meokv hn´b®p. 2008 P\phcnbn¬ Nme°p Snbn¬ F. sI. Snº¿ Iº\n°v

Iº\n hf∏n¬ 10 ASntbmfw BgØn¬ {S©v Ipgn®v AXn \p≈nembncp∂p BZyImeßfn¬ Jcamen\yw \nt£]n®ncp∂Xv. kao] {]tZißfnse InWdpIfnepw ]mStiJcßfnepw Pemibßfnepw hnjmwiw Ie¿∂v Ahsb√mw D]tbmK iq\yambn amdn. DXv]mZ\w h¿≤n®tXmsS Jcamen\yw hfsa∂ t]cn¬ IrjnbnSßfn¬ \nt£]n°m≥ XpSßn. hnf \miambncp∂p ^ew. IqSmsX ]me-°mSv Pn√-bnse apX-e-a-S-bnse Irjn- b n- S - ß - f nepw ]pdw- t ]m- ° p- I - f nepw Iºn\n cl- k y- a mbn amen\yw \nt£-]n-®Xv hym]-I-amb FXn¿∏n\v Imc-am-bn-´p≠v. kao]w cmkamen\yw \nt£ ]n®Xp aqew IpSnsh≈w aen\ s∏SpIbpw kkyPme߃ \in°pIbpw sNbv X p. a’y ߃ NØp s]mßn. \m´p Imcp sS ]cmXnsb XpS¿∂v t]meo skØn tIskSpØp. ]n.kn._n. DtZymKÿ¿ sh≈Øns‚ kmºnsfSpØp. Fw. F¬. F. ap≥kn∏¬ sNb¿am≥ XpSßn bh¿ ÿew kµ¿in®p. 2009 PqWn¬ ]me°mSv Pn√bnse Xangv \e kwLw apXeaS {Kma]©mb Øm∏o kne\pap∂n¬ Iq´[¿Æ \SØn \nthZ\w \¬In. Xangv\mSv AXn¿Øn {]tZiß fnse IrjnbnSßfnepw s]mXp ÿeØpw ]pdtºm°nepw A\y Pn√bn¬ \n∂p≈ ^mIvSdn amen \yßfpw a‰pw \nt£]n °p∂XpsIm≠v hym]I amb ]I¿®hym[nIfpw a‰v BtcmKy {]iv\ßfpw DSseSpØp. amen\yw \nt£]n°m≥ Iq´p \n¬°p∂hcptSbpw {]Xn^ew hmßn {]iv\߃ krjvSn °p∂hcptSbpw t]cn¬ {Inan\¬ \S]Sn°v ip]m¿i sNøWsa∂p Ah¿ Bhiys∏´p. 2009 PqWhkm\w \mjWenÃv I¿jI tIm¨ {Kkn(NKC)s‚ ]me°mSv Pn√m {]knU‚ v hn. ]n. \nPmap±o≥ kwÿm\ BtcmKy ˛ aen\oI cW \nb{¥W hIp∏v a{¥n°pw Pn√m IfIvS¿°p saUn°¬ Hm^ok¿°pw {]n≥kn∏¬ Irjn Hm^ok¿°p ]cmXn Ab ®ncp∂p.

apXeaS ]©mbØn¬ BZnhm knIfpw ]´nI PmXn ˛ ZenXv kapZmbØn¬s∏´hcpw Xnßn∏m¿°p∂ Dƒ\mS≥ {Kmaßfnse IrjnbnSßfnepw ]pdtºm°nepw ^mIvSdn amen\yßfpw a‰pw \nt£]n®v ]cnÿnXn {]iv\ß fpw BtcmKy{]iv\ßfpw D≠m °p∂h¿s°Xnsc I¿i\ \S]Sn kzoIcn°Wsa∂mhiys∏´ncp∂p. 2009 BKÃn¬ apXeaS {Kma]©mbØv saº¿ Fkv. hn. si¬ht‚bpw lcnX kwL Øns‚bpw t\XrXzØn¬ sIm√ t¶mSv t]meokv k¿°nƒ C≥kv s]IvS¿°v sNΩWmw]Xn, Nq≠n ]pfn°mSv {]tZißfnse s]mXp P\߃ ]cmXn ka¿∏n®ncp∂p. ^mIv S dn amen\y߃ ssPh hfsa∂v sX‰n≤cn∏n®v ]mhs∏´ \nc£cmb Xangv I¿jI¿°v \¬In {]Xn^ew ]‰p∂ h¿s°Xnscbpw CXn\pth≠n GP‚ v ]Wn \SØnhcp ∂h¿s°Xntcbpw \S]Sn kzoIcn °Wsa∂v Bhiy s∏´ncp∂p. 2009 sk]v ‰ w_¿ F≥. Pn sF. F¬. Iº\nbn¬ \n∂p≈ cmkamen\y߃ ]pd¥≈m≥ sIm≠p t]mbncp∂ temdnIƒ sIm√t¶mSv k¿°nƒ C≥kv s]Iv S ¿ IÃUnbn¬ FSpØp F∂mWv HSphn¬ tI´ hm¿Ø. CØcØn¬ 70 StÆmfw cmkJcamen\yßfmWv Zn\w {]Xn Iº\n ]pd¥≈p∂Xv. Peaen\oIcWw Iº\n Hgp°n hnSp∂ aen\

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 1 5

Pew aqew tXmSpIfpw \o¿®m epIfpw ]mStiJcßfpw aeoa kambncn°p∂p. sXfn \oscmgp Inbncp∂ s]cptXmSpw NmØ≥ ®mepw Cs∂mcp tNmc®emWv. th\¬°meßfn¬ s]cptØm ´n¬ a’y߃ NØp s]mßp∂p. 2005 Unkw_¿ aÆns‚bpw sh≈Øns‚bpw kmwºnfpIƒ Nme°pSn ap≥kn^v tImSXn IΩojWsd \ntbmKn °pIbp≠mbn. aen\ Pew sN∂p tNcp∂ I°mSv ]ºv lukn¬ \n∂pw hcp∂ sh≈w D]tbm Kn®XpsIm≠v sh≈cn Irjn \in® I¿jI≥ Iº\n bvs° Xnsc tIkp sImSpØXns\ XpS ¿∂mWnX.v 2006 sabv amk-Øn¬ Nme°pSn ]pg-bn¬ ]pfnbv° IS-hnepw A∏n-\n-°-S-hnepw a’y-߃ Iq´tØmsS NØp s]m¥n. taJ-ebmsI Zp¿K-‘-]q-cn-X-am-bn. A∂aS ]©m-b-Ø-[n-Ir-X¿ ÿew k‘¿in-°p-Ibpw {]iv\w Pn√m If-IvS-dp-tSbpw saUn-°¬ Hm^ok-dptSbpw {i≤-bn¬ s]Sp-Øp-Ibp- a p- ≠ m- b n. ]pg- b nse sh≈Øns‚ kmºnƒ doPn-W¬ A\en-‰nIv et_m-d-´-dn-bn¬ ]cn-tim-[n®p. sh≈-Øn¬ BknUv Ie¿∂n´p-s≠∂pw UntkmƒhvUv HmIvknP≥ hfsc Ipd-hm-sW∂pw hy‡am-bn. hm´-¿ AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS ]ºv lukv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv aen-\P - e ss]∏v ]pg-bn¬ sN∂p tNcp-∂Xn\v kao-]-ØmWv sImSp-ß-√q¿ ap\n-kn-∏m-en‰n {]tZ-iØpw amf, s]mø, Ipgq¿, A∂- a - \ - S , ]pØ≥Nn-d, sh≈m-¶-√q¿ ]©mb-Øp-I-fnepw IpSn-sh≈w FØn°p-∂Xv Cu ]ºv lukn¬ \n∂mWv. ssh¥e am{º ˛ sN´n-°p∂v IpSn-sh≈ ]≤-Xn-I-fn-eqsS ]Xn\m-bn-cI - W - ° - n\v P\-ßf - mWv IpSnsh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. P\-Pohn-X-Øn\pw A]q¿∆ a’y-k-ºØn\pw `oj-Wn-bm-Ip∂ Iº-\nbpsS aen-\o-I-cWw Ah-km-\n-∏n°m≥ \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂v A∂-a-\S {Kma ]©m-bØv {]kn-

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 1 6

U‚ v t__n ]utemkpw \m´pImcpw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. 2009 Pqsse- b n¬ Iº\n-bn¬ \n∂v Nme-°pSn ]pg-bnte°v Ah- i n- j v S - ß ƒ Hgp- ° phm≥ ÿm]n® ss]∏v s]m´n ]mSti-J-c-ß-fn¬ amen\yw \nd-™p. CXns\XpS¿∂v Iº- \ n- b psS ssek≥kv ]©m-bØv Xm¬°men- I - a mbn d±m- ° m≥ B¿.Un.H Bh- i y- s ∏- ´ p. ]nt‰∂v Iº- \ n\ntbm- K n® sXmgn- e m- f n- I ƒ cmhnse 7 aWn-ap-X¬ sshIo´v hsc ]mS-ti-Jc - ß - f - n¬ \n∂v cmkam-en\yw \o°w sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Fw.-F¬.F _n.-Un. tZh n ÿew kµ¿in-®p. Hcm-gvN-bv°p-≈n¬ ^mIvS-dnbpsS aen-\-Pe ss]∏v ho≠pw s]m´n Nme-°p-Sn-∏p-gb - n¬ h≥tXmXn¬ aen- \ - P - e hpw Dudepw Ie¿∂p. ]©m-bØv {]kn-U‚ v hn. sI. taml- \ s‚ t\Xr- X zØn¬ ]©m-b-Ø-[n-Ir-X¿ ÿesØØn ÿnXn-KX - n-Iƒ hne-bn-cpØn. ]pg-bn¬ FØn-bXv Iº\n amen-\y-a-s√∂pw F°¬ BsW∂p-am-bn-cp∂p Iº-\n-bpsS hni-ZoI-cWw F°-en\v amwkw Icn™ Zp¿K‘w hcp-∂-sX-ßs\ F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v Iº-\n-b-[n-Ir-X¿°v adp- ] - S n- b p- ≠ m- b n- √ . ]n.- k n._n kwLw aen-\-P-e-Øn-s‚bpw Duden- s ‚bpw kmºnƒ tiJ- c n- ® p. dh\yq DtZym-Kÿ ¿ \S-Ønb ]cntim-[-\-bn¬ ]mSØp I≠ aen-\P-ehpw Dudepw Xs∂-bmWv ]pgbnepw I≠-sX∂v F.-Un.Fw \v dnt∏m¿´v \¬In. hmbp-a-en-\o-I-cWw A¥- c o- £ - a msI ssU Im¬kyw t^mkvt^-‰ns‚ [qfnI-fm¬ \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p. BknUv ^yqavkv (Acid Fumes) ]cn-k-camsI ]pI ]Sew krjvSn-°p∂p cq£-amb Zp¿K-‘-amWv Iº-\nbn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-tØ°v han-°p∂-Xv. aq°v s]mØmsX Hcmƒ°pw AXv hgn bm{X sNøm-

tUmIyp-sa‚dn kn\n-a-Iƒ Hcm-bncw Zn\-ßfpw Hcp kz]v\hpw (1000 Days & A Dream) πm®n-aS kacw ]pXnb tUmIyp-sa‚dn (Cw•ojv/ae-bm-fw, 40 an\n-‰v) Ibv]p-\ocv (a-e-bm-fw) Bitter Drink (English) πm®naS

sIm°-tImf kacw/25 an\n-‰v.

I\hv : hb-\m-´nse I\hv _Z¬ hnZym-`ymk (Kp-cp-Ip-e)-sØ-°p-dn®v/35 an\n‰v _m°n-]{Xw : Nmen-bm¿/ amhq¿ {Kmknw ka-c-sØ-°p-dn®v/35 an\n-‰v. kwhn-[m-\w-˛-kn. icXvN{µ≥, ]n. _m_p-cm-Pv, \n¿ΩmWw : tXUv sF Iayq-Wn-t°-j≥. Stolen Water (A]l-cn-°-s∏´ P-ew) 27 an\n´v, πm®n-a-S kwhn-[m\w : Zb, {]im¥v

Icn-ap-Iƒ, 30 an\n-´v, ae-bmfw tUmIyp-sa‚dn kwhn-[m\w : aWn-em¬ 24 an\n´v sh≈-°-≈≥ (Water Thief) πm®naS t^mt´m {]k-t‚-j≥ a[p-cm-Pv-˛-am-Xr-`qan 30 an\n-´v. Source of Life for Sale 60 mts., Direction : K.P. Sasi

hn.-kn.Un./Un.-hn.-Un./ hn.-F-®v.-F-kv. Imk-‰v. tIm∏n-Iƒ°pw {]Z¿i-\-Øn\pw

sIm°m-se, Xriq¿˛21. t^m¨ : 9446576943, 0487- 2 421385

\m-In-√. Im‰ns‚ KXn-b-\p-k-cn®v I°m- S v , ssX°q- ´ w, A∂- \ m- S v , sNdp-hm-fq¿, I´-∏pdw XpS-ßnb ÿe- ß - f n- t e- ° pw AXn- \ - ∏ p- d tØ°pw No™ \m‰-a-Sn-°p-∂p. sshIp- t ∂- c - ß - f n¬ Zp¿K‘w AXn- c q- £ - a m- I p- ∂ p. hoSp- I - f n¬ Ip´n-Iƒ°pw apXn¿∂-h¿°pw a\w]p-c-´epw Hm°m-\hpw D≠m-°p-∂p. A]-IS߃ sNdpXpw hep- X p- a mbn Ht´sd A]- I - S - ß ƒ CXn- \ Iw kw`-hn-®n-´p-≠v. 1991 ¬ sslt{Umt¢m-dn°v BknUv kw`-cn®p h®ncp∂ Sm¶p-I-fn¬ HscÆw s]m´nsØ-dn®v ]cn-kc {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw ]mS- t i- J - c - ß - f nepw BknUv ]cs∂mgp-In. sshIp-t∂cw 7 ˛aWn°m- b n- c p∂p kw`- h w. P\- ß ƒ Poh\pw sImt≠m-Sn. \qdp-I-W°n\v IpΩm-b-®m-°p-Iƒ s]m´n®p hnXdn. Bkn-Uns‚ hocyw Ipdbv°m≥ klm-bn-®h - c - n¬ Gsdbpw \m´nse bphm-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. \m´pIm-cpsS klmbw aqew Hcp h≥ Zpc-¥a - mWv A∂v Hgn-hm-bX - v. F∂ncp-∂mepw kao-]{- ]-tZ-isØ kkyPm-e-߃ \in-®p. ]mS-ti-J-c-ß-fntebpw Pem-i-b-ß-fn-tebpw sNdpPo-hn-Ifpw a’y-ßfpw NsØm-Spßn. tXmSp- I - f n- e qsS Aæ- P ew FØn-t®¿∂Xv Nme-°pSn∏pg-bnte-°m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Sm¶n¬ 160 SÆn-tesd BknUv kq£n-°m-\mhpw. AØcw 6 Sm¶p-If - nembn 10 e£w en‰¿ sslt{Um-t¢m-dnIv BknUv BWv Iº- \ n- ° - I Øv kw`-cn®p h®n-´p-≈X - .v as‰m-cn-°¬ ^¿Wkv Hmbn¬ (LSHS) kq£n-®n-cp∂ Sm¶n¬ Xo]nSp-Øa - p-≠mbn A·n-ia - \ - t- k-\s - bØn-bmWv Xo AW-®X - .v 2007 BK-Ãn¬ Iº-\n-bn¬ \pdp- ß nb F√p- I ƒ (Crushed bones) kq£n-°p∂ Sm¶n-en-dß - nb c≠v Poh-\° - msc izmkw ap´n KpcpX- c m- h - ÿ - b n¬ Bip- ] - { Xn- b n¬ {]th-in-∏n-®p. 30 ASn-tbmfw XmgvNbp≈ Sm¶n¬ F√p IjvW-߃ \nc-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Cd-ßnb cm{Xn jn^v‰nse Poh-\-°m-c≥

1991 ¬ sslt{Um-t¢m-dn°v BknUv kw`-cn®p h®n-cp∂ Sm¶p-Ifn¬ HscÆw s]m´n-sØ-dn®v ]cn-kc {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw ]mS-ti-J-c-ßfnepw BknUv ]cs∂mgp-In. sshIp-t∂cw Ggv aWn-°m-bn-cp∂p kw`-hw. P\-߃ Poh\pw sImt≠m-Sn. \qdp-I-W-°n\v IpΩm-b®m-°p-Iƒ s]m´n®p hnXdn. Bkn-Uns‚ hocyw Ipd-bv°m≥ klmbn-®-h-cn¬ Gsdbpw \m´nse bphm-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. \m´p-Im-cpsS klmbw aqew Hcp h≥ Zpc-¥-amWv A∂v Hgn-hm-b-Xv. F∂n-cp∂mepw kao-]-{]-tZ-isØ kky-Pm-e-߃ \in-®p. ]mS-ti-J-c-ß-fntebpw Pem-i-b-ß-fn-tebpw sNdp-Po-hn-Ifpw a’y-ßfpw NsØm-Spßn. tXmSp-I-fn-eqsS Aæ-Pew FØn-t®¿∂Xv Nme-°pSn∏pg-bn-te°m-bn-cp-∂p. DSs\ At_m-[m-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn. klm-bn-°m-s\-Ønb as‰mcp Poh\°mc\pw t_m[- c - l n- X - \ m- b n. sXmgn- e m- f n- I ƒ°v 8 aWn- ° q¿ XpS¿®-bmbn Ir{Xn-aa - mbn izmtkm—mkw \¬tI-≠n-h-∂p. kw`-hØn¬ bqWn-b≥ t\XrXzw {]Xnt£-[n-°p-Ibpw kpc-£n-XXzw Dd∏p-h-cm-ØXv amt\-Pp-sa‚n-s‚bpw ^mIvSdn C≥kvs]-IvS¿ Dƒs∏-sSbp≈ DtZym-K-ÿ-cp-tSbpw hogvNbm- s W∂v Ip‰- s ∏SpØp- I bpw sNbvXp. Btcm-Ky-{]-iv\-߃ AXo-h-Kp-cp-X-c-amb BtcmKy-{]-iv\-ß-fmWv P\-߃ A`n-apJo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Rß-fpsS {Kmaw Iym≥k¿ {Kmaw F∂mWv Ct∏mƒ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Npcp-ßnb Imeb-fh - n-\p-≈n¬ Ht´sd Iym≥k¿ acW-߃. Iº\n sXmgn-emfnIfS°w Iym≥k¿ _m[n-X¿ \nc-h[n. ISpØ BkvX-a, izmkw-ap´v XpSßn an°-h¿°pw izmk-tIm-ikw- _ - ‘ - a mb Akp- J - ß ƒ. ]m≠p-tcm-Khpw Xz°v tcmK-ßfpw Ae¿Pn-bp-ap-≈-h¿. kv{Xo ]pcpj≥amcn¬ h‘y- X - b p- ≈ - h ¿. lrt{ZmK ac- W - ß ƒ Gsd, lrt{Zm-Kn-Iƒ \nc-h-[n. P\n-XI sshI- e y- ß fpw _p≤n- a m- µ y- h pap≈ Ip´n-Iƒ. Ip´n-I-fn¬ a\w ]pc-´epw Hm°m-\hpw O¿≤nbpw hb-dn-f-°hpw hym]-Iw. Ip´n-IfpsS hf¿® apc-Sn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Hm¿Ω- i ‡n Ipd- b p- ∂ p- s h∂pw AΩ-am¿ ]cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-∂p. Iº-\n-

bpsS kao-]-hm-kn-bm-bn-cp∂ ]\ºn≈n cmL-h-ta-t\ms‚ ktlmZcn ISpØ izmk-tIm-i-tcm-K-Øn\-Sn-ab - m-bn-cp-∂p. {]tZ-iØ - p-\n∂pw Xmakw am‰n-b-t∏mƒ Ah-cpsS AkpJw amdn-sb∂pw Chn-sS-sbØp-tºmƒ _p≤n-ap-´\ - p-`h - s - ∏-Sp-∂psh∂p km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ]T-\-߃ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Bÿm-\amb sk‚¿ t^m¿ sUh-e] - vsa‚ v ÃUo-kn\p th≠n (CDS) tUm. kÆn tPm¿÷v \S-Ønb ]T-\Øn¬ Nme-°pSn ]pg-bpsS ae-\oI- c - W - Ø ns‚ {][m\ ImcWw hymh-km-bnI amen-\y-ßf - m-sW∂v Is≠-Øn-bn-´p≠v. Iº\n Bcw-`n®v 10 h¿jØn\p tijw amen\y {]iv\-߃ h¿[n- ® - t XmsS ]©m- b - Ø ns‚ t\Xr- X z- Ø n¬ sk‚¿ t^m¿ F¿Øv kb≥kv (CES) Hcp ]T\w \S-Øn-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw ]mXnh-gn-bn-e-Xp-t]-£n-°-s∏-´p. ^o¬Uv B£≥ t{]mPIv S v dnt∏m¿´v ImSp- I p‰n {Kma- ] - © mbØnse 8,10,12 hm¿Up-I-fn¬ \S°p∂ aen-\o-I-cW kw_-‘n®v Ccn-ßm-e-°pS sk‚ v tPmk^vkv tImtf- P nse tkmjy¬ h¿°v Un∏m¿´vsa‚nse hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ A°m- Z - a nIv Xm¬]- c ym¿∞w Xømdm°nb ^o¬Uv B£≥ t{]mPIvSv dnt∏m¿´nse {][m\ Is≠ØepIƒ: (Xp-S-cpw)

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hnh-cm-h-Imi \nbaw 4 h¿jw ]n∂n-Sp-tºmƒ....

\nb-a-ßfpw P\-ßfpw ]ns∂ Ipsd ]mc-I-fpw ]n. Fw. cho-{µ≥

kzmX-{¥y-e-`v[n-°p-tijw P\m-[n-]Xy coXn-°-\p-tbm-Py-amb BZysØ \nb-a-am-Wn-sX∂v AwKo-I-cnt°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. am{X-a√ Hcp \nb-a-Øn-\n-\m-h-iy-amb emfn-Xyhpw kpXm-cy-Xbpw CXn-\p-≠v.

GsXmcp kaq-l-Øn-t‚bpw k`yX-bpsS am‰v t\m°m≥ DX-Ip∂ Dc°-√mWv B kaq-l-Ønse \nb-aßfpw Ah-bpsS \S-Øn-∏pw. \nba-߃ kpXm-cyhpw efn-Xhpw Bbncn-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-sW∂v am{Xa√ Ah- b psS \S- Ø n- ∏ nepw kpXmcyXbpw Imcy- £ - a - X bpw AXy- ¥ m- t ]- £ n- X - a m- W v . F¥mbmepw Cu am‰p I√n¬ Dc-bv°ptºmƒ \ΩpsS `c- W - L - S - \ bpw AXns\ ASn-ÿm-\a - m-°n-bp-≠mb \nb-a-ßfpw Ah-bpsS \S-Øn∏pw Cu kaq- l sØ Fhn- s S- b mWv FØn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂v ]cn-tim[n-t°≠ kabw AXn-{I-an-®n-cn-°p∂p. AØcw Hcp ]cn- t im- [ \ HutZym-Kn-I-ambn \n¿h-ln® `c-WL- S \ ]p\c- h - t em- I - I Ωo- j s‚ dnt∏m¿´v 2002 ˛ emWv A∂sØ k¿°m-dn\v ka¿∏n-®-Xv. AXnse {it≤-b-amb Hcp \nco-£Ww C{]Im-c-am-Wv. k¿°m-cns‚ G‰hpw henb hogv® P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ F√m A[n- I m- c hpw P\- ß - f n¬ \n∂mWv Dd-sh-Sp-°p-∂-Xv F∂ Xncn-®-dnhv D≠m-bn-´n√ F∂-XmWv F√m s]mXp ÿm]-\-ßfpw P\ß-fpsS Bh-iy-߃ \nd-th-‰p-∂Xn\v th≠n-bmW.v F∂m¬ ChbpsS {]h¿Ø\ ssien P\-ßsf \ncm- i - c m- ° p- I bpw Ah- c p- s S ssZ\w Zn\ Pohn-XsØ Zpcn-X]q¿W-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Xc-ØnemWv. \nbaw A\p-izm-kn-°p∂

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Xc-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. ZpjvI-c-amhp-tºmƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Ah¿ \nb-a-Øn\v ]pd-Øp≈ hgn-I-fneqsS k©-cn-°m≥ \n¿∫-‘n-X\ - mhp-∂p. Cu IΩo-j≥ kwi-b-Øn\nS \¬Im-Ø-hn[w FSpØp ]d™n-´p-≠v. ]s£ bYm¿Yy-߃ CXn¬ \n∂v F{X Zqsc-bmWv? B tNmZyw XXv°mew AhnsS Aßns\ \n¬°- s ´. F√m-h¿°pw Ah-cpsS A\p-`h - ß - fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ AXn-\p≈ DØcw tXSm-hp-∂Xpw hne-bn-cpØm- h p- ∂ - X p- a m- W v . XXv ° mew ChnsS P\m-[n-]Xy acym-Z°v A\ptbm-Py-amb BZysØ \nbaw hnhcm-h-Imi \nbaw {]m_-ey-Øn¬ h∂n´v \mev h¿jw ]n∂n-Sp-tºmƒ AXns‚ Ahÿ F¥m- s W∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. hnh-cm-h-Imi \nbaw 2005 {]m_ey- Ø n¬ h∂Xv 2005, Pq¨ 21 \mWv. Cu \nbaw {]m_-ey-Øn¬ h∂-bp-S≥ BZysØ 120 Znh-k߃, Cu \nb- a - Ø n¬ ]ªnIv AtXm- d n- ‰ nUv F∂ \n¿∆- N - \ Øn¬s∏- S p∂ ÿm]- \ - ß ƒ°v , Cu \nbaw \S-∏n-em-°m-\p≈ Xømsd-Sp-∏n-\p≈ Ah-k-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Xøm- s d- S p- ∏ ns‚ `mK- a mbn Xs∂ Ah¿ kzta-[bm ]e hnh-cßfpw B ÿm]-\-Øn¬ tPmen sNøp- ∂ - h - c psS Npa- X - e - I sf Ipdn®pw coXn-Isf Ipdn®pw iºf-sØ-°p-dn-®p-aS- °w s]mXp P\-ß-

fpsS Adn-hn-te-°mbn {]kn-≤o-Icn-t°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ime-{I-aØn¬ CØcw IqSp-X¬ hnh-cß - ƒ kzta-[bm {]kn-≤o-I-cn®v s]mXpP- \ - ß ƒ°v Ah°v th≠n At]£ ka¿∏n-t°≠ Bhiyw C√m-Xm-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw \nb-aØn¬ FSpØv ]d-™n-´p-≠v. Cu \nb-a-Øns‚ Bh-iy-sØ-°p-dn®v Xs∂ ]d-™n-´p-≈Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv. P\m-[n-]X - y-Øn\v DZv_p-≤c - mb ]ucm-hen Bh-iy-am-bn-´p-≈-Xn\mepw AXns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v hnh-c-Øns‚ kpXm-cyX AXy-¥mt]-£n-X-am-b-Xn-\mepw IqSmsX Agn-aXn \nb-{Xn-t°-≠-Xn-\mepw k¿°m-cp-Iƒ°pw AXns‚ D]-Imc-߃°pw `c-Wn-b-tcm-Sp≈ DØc- h m- Z nXzw \nd- t h- ‰ - ≠ - X n- \ mepw BWv F¥m-bmepw kzmX-{¥y-e`v[n-°p-tijw P\m-[n-]Xy coXn-°\p-tbm-Py-amb BZysØ \nb-a-amWn-sX∂v AwKo-Ic - n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. am{X-a√ Hcp \nb-a-Øn-\n-\m-hiy-amb emfn-Xyhpw kpXm-cy-Xbpw CXn-\p-≠v. F∂n-´p. Cu \nbaw \S∏n- e m- ° p- h m≥ Fßn- s \- b mWv s]mXp-P\w I_-fn-∏n-°-s∏-´Xv? BZy-ambn Cu \nb-a-Øn¬ hogv®h-cp-Øp-∂-hsc in£n-°m-\p≈ A[n-Imcw \¬In-bn-´p-≈Xv hnh-cmh- I mi IΩo- j - W ¿am¿°m- W v . s]mXp-P\w Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ hnhcw 30 Znh-kØ - n-\p-≈n¬ \¬I-Ws - a∂v \nbaw A\p- i mkn- ° p- ∂ p.

\¬Im≥ ]mSmØ hnh-c-ß-fpw, tNmZyw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]ªnIv C≥t^m¿ta-j≥ Hm^ok]ns∂, ]uc-∑m¿ \¬Ip∂ dpsS Npa-Xe hnhcw \¬Im≥ _m≤y-Xb - n-√mØ - b - m-sW∂v \nb-aØ - n¬ ÿm]-\-ßfpw \nb-a-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]cm-Xn-Ifpw A∏o-ep-Ifpw kzoI-cn- Xs∂ FSpØv ]d- ™ n- ´ p- ≈ - X v . - nepw cioXn \¬Ip-∂X - nepw am{X-a√ Cu sXfn-sh-Sp-∏n¬ ]s¶hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Cu c≠p hn`m- °p-∂X K-ß-fnepw s]SmØ hnh-c-߃ 30 D≈ A]m- I - X - I ƒXs∂ hni- Z - Sp- ° p- h mt\m ]s¶- S p- ° m- X n- c n- Ø - n- °mt\m D≈ kzmX{¥yw \nb-a-{]Znh-kØ - n-\Iw \¬In-bn-s√-¶n¬ 30 ambn Fgp-Xn-bm¬ Hcp ]pkvXI Znh-k-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ FSp-°p∂ \p≈ hI-bp-≠v. Nne DZm-l-c-W- Imcw Xs∂ ]cm- X n- ° m--c - \ p- ≠ v . Hmtcm Znh-k-Øn\pw 250 cq] A[n- ߃ am{Xw FSp-°mw. \Ωƒ cPn- F∂n- c p- ∂ mepw ]cm- X n- ° m- c s‚ Imcw hnh-cm-h-Imi IΩo-j≥am- ÿ Bbn As√-¶n¬ sImdn-b¿ sXfn-sh-Sp∏v ka-bØv lmP-cm-Icn¬ \n£n-]vX-am-Wv. ]s£ Cu aptJ\ Ab-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ AI- Ww. F∂v ]d-™p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. \nbaw h∂-tXmsS A{]-k‡ - a - mb t\m-f-UvPvsa‚ v Im¿Un¬ kzoI-cn- t\m´okv e`n-°p-I. sXfn-sh-Sp-∏n¬ H^o-jy¬ ko{I‰vkv BIv‰ns‚ °p∂ hy‡n-bpsS Ht∏m, Xnø- lmP- c m- b - X p- s Im≠v Ct∂- h sc amhn¬ P\-ßsf I_-fn-∏n-®n-cp∂ Xntbm ImWn- √ . ]n∂oSv IΩo- B¿s°-¶nepw {]mtbm-P\ - a - p-≈X - mDtZym- K - ÿ - ∑ msc Xs∂ js‚ A®-Sn® Im¿Uv hcp-tºmƒ bn-´-dn-hn-s√-¶nepw lmP-cm-bn-s√C≥s^m¿ta-j≥ IΩo-j-W¿am- \ΩpsS ]cm- X n- b psS Xnø- X n- ¶n¬ AXv XnI™ A\mÿ aqecmbn \nb-an-®-t∏mƒ Xs∂ Cu t∏mepw icn°v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠m-hn- am-sW∂v hn[n-bn¬ {]tXyIw Fgp\nb- a sØ A´n- a - d n- ° m- \ p≈ √. \Ωƒ sk]v‰w-_¿ 25 \v Hcp Xn-t®¿°m≥ IΩo-j-W¿Ωm¿ adBZysØ \S-]Sn ]q¿W-am-bn. Cu ]cmXn Ab®p F∂n-cn-°-s´. Hcp °m-dn-√. F∂m¬ Xt»-cn-bn¬ \n∂v \nbaw hnh- c m- h - I mi IΩo- amk- t Ømfw Ign™v In´p∂ hsc Hmtcm sXfn-sh-Sp-∏n\pw Bbnj W ¿ a m ¿ c-I-W-°n\v Fßns\ A´n-ad - n- ]cm- X n- I fpw A∏o- e p- I fpw kzoI- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv apX¬ cq] Nne°p∂p F∂v a\- Ah Xo¿∏m-°p-∂Xv hsc-bp≈ coXn-Ifpw Ah-km-\a hm°n Xncph- mbn  n-em-°m≥ \-¥-]pcw Xo¿∏p-Ifpw Xs∂ Cu IΩo-js‚ sI´p-Im-cy-ÿ-Xsb t I c f m hsc sN∂v hnfnt ®mX p∂ h b mW v . kwÿm\ hnh-cm\ncm- i - c mbn h- I mi IΩoa S - ß n b js‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf H∂v hne- Im¿Un¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°pI \nß- hy‡n-I-fpsS A\p-`-h-߃ [mcmbn-cp-Ømw. ]cm-Xn-Ifpw A∏o-ep- fpsS sk]v‰w-_¿ 30 se ]cmXn f- a p- ≠ v X m- \ pw. IΩo- j - W ¿Ωm¿ Ifpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv apX¬ Ah kw_-‘n®v F∂m-bn-cn°pw C\n Xo¿∏m-°p∂ ]cm-Xn-I-fnse DØ-cXo¿∏m-°p-∂Xv hsc-bp≈ coXn- Hcp Znhkw Xs∂ H∂n¬ IqSp-X¬ hp-Iƒ Cu IΩo-jW - ¿am¿ F√mw Ifpw Ah-km-\a - mbn Xo¿∏p-Ifpw ]cm-Xn-Iƒ Ab-®mepw F√m-‰nepw kvIqfns‚ ]Sn-t]mepw ImWm-Øh - Xs∂ Cu IΩo-js‚ sI´p-Im-cy- CXp-Xs∂bmbn-cn°pw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn- cmtWm F∂v Ah-cpsS DØ-ch - p-Iƒ ÿ-Xsb hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂-h-bm-Wv. °p- I . ]ns∂ Hcp Im¿Un¬ ImWp-∂h - ¿°v tXm∂n-bm¬ A¤pkwÿm- \ sØ Hcp ap≥ No^v ImWpI IΩo-js‚ ^b¬ \º- X-s∏-Sm-\n-√. sk{I-´dn Xe-h\ - m-bn-cn-°p∂ IΩo- dm-Wv. ]s£ CXv \ΩpsS GXp IΩo-jW - ¿am¿°v Ah-cpsS js‚ {]h¿Ø\w CXbpw tami- ]cm- X nsb kw_- ‘ n- ® m- s W∂v hy‡n-]-c-amb Imcy-߃°p a‰pam-Im≥ Xc-apt≠m F∂v Nn¥n-°p- Xncn- ® - d n- b m≥ Ign- b n√ Xs∂. ambn k¿°m¿ Nne-hn¬ k©-cn-°mtºm-gmWv CXv shdpw Ign-hp-tI- CsX√mw Ign™v sXfn-sh-Sp-∏n\v \p≈ kuI-cy-am-bmWv kwÿmSns‚ {]iv\a- √ - , Cu \nb-asØ A´n- t\m´okv hcp- t ºmƒ AXn¬ \sØ ]e-`m-Kß - f - nepw IΩo-j≥ a-dn-°m-\p≈ kwL-SnX {ia-Øns‚ ImWpI thsdmcp \º- d mWv ˛ kn‰nwKv \S- Ø m≥ XpS- ß n- b - X v . ^e-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-hpI Nne IΩo-js‚ ]c-Xnb A∏o¬ \º¿ ]s£ 2008 P\p-hc - n-bn¬ ]me-°m´v DZm- l - c - W - ß ƒ hnh- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv IΩo-js‚ sXfn-sh-Sp∏v AXv Hcp \S∂ kn‰nw-Kns\ XpS¿∂v AXn\v alm-{]-lk - ∂ - a - mWv. hnh-cm-t\z-jn- \nIpXn Zmb-Is‚ F{X ss]k NneChnsS D]-Im-c{- ]-Za - m-bn-cn-°pw. H∂m- a - X mbn Cu \nb- a - Ø ns‚ bpsS At]-£bpw AXn\v e`n® hmbn F∂-t\z-jn-®X - ns\ XpS¿∂v sk£≥ 4 _nbn¬ \njvI¿jn-®n- adp-]-Sn-bpsS/adp-]-Sn-I-fpsS tIm∏n- AØcw kn‰nw-Kp-Iƒ C√m-Xmbn ´p-≈, F√m ]ªnIv AtXm-dn-‰n- Ifpw 2˛m-asØ A∏n-en-t\m-Sp-IqSn F∂v am{X-a√ \nb-a-Øns‚ 5˛mw Ifpw 2005 HIvtSm-_¿ 12 \v apºv ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ B adp-]-Sn-I- hIp-∏n\v hncp-≤a - mbn B At]-£kzta-[mb shfn-s∏-Sp-tØ≠ hnh- fpsS A]-cym-]vXX a\-kn-em-°m≥ Is‚ At]-£I - ƒ Xs∂ kzoI-cnc-߃ Ct∂ hsc kwÿm\ hnh- GXv F¬Un-kn-°p-t]mepw Ign-b- °p-∂s - X∂v IΩo-j≥ Hcp Akn- ∂-bmWv Cu  v ]ªnIv C≥t^m¿ta- j ≥ cm-h-Imi IΩo-j≥ Xs∂ shfn- Ww. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs v X - °v hy‡-amb Imc-W- Hm^o-k¿°v \n¿t±iw \¬Ip-Ib s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´n√ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Cu A]-cym-]X - pw. \nb- a - Ø ns‚ ssk\n- I - X sb ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXv sXfn-bn-t°-≠Xv Cu \nbaw \S-∏n-em-°m≥ 2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 11

th≠ A[n- I mcw {]tXy- I n®v hnhcw \¬Im≥ sshIp∂ Hmtcm Znh-k-Øn\pw 250 cq] CuSm-°m≥ D≈ A[n-Imcw Xs∂ icn-bm-bhÆw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ aSn-°p∂ hnh- c m- h - I mi IΩo- j - W ¿am¿ sslt°m-S-Xn-bn-tebpw kp{]ow tImS-Xn-bn-tebpw PUn-Pn-am-cpsS Ãv‰m‰kpw tkh\ hyh-ÿ-Ifpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bp-WvSm-bn. ]s£ Hcp ap≥kn-^n-t\-°mƒ efn-X-amb Ch- c psS {]h¿Øn°v Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ s]mXp-P\w \¬Ip∂ hne hfsc IqSp- X - e mWv F∂- X mWv hmkvX-hw. Cu \nbaw {]m_-eyØn¬ h∂ BZysØ sIm√w Xs∂ IΩo-j≥ Nne-hm-°n-bXv \nIpXn Zmb-Is‚ c≠-ct- ImSn cq]bm-bn-cp∂p! Hcp ]cm- X ntbm A∏otem e`n- ® m¬ IΩo- j \p sNtø-≠Xv hfsc efn-X-amb 3 tNmZy-߃°v DØ-c-߃ Is≠ØpI F∂-Xm-Wv. H∂v, Bh-iys∏´ hnh-c-߃ \nb-a-Øns‚ 8,9 hIp-∏p-Iƒ {]Imcw Hgn-hm-°-s∏-´XmtWm? As√-¶n-ev-t## hnhcw \¬Im-\p≈ 30 Znh-ksØ Ah[n Ign™v F{X Znh-k-߃ HmBbn ? hnhcw ]q¿W-ambpw \¬Im-ØXn\v ]ªnIv C≥t^m¿ta- j ≥ Hm^o-k¿°v km[p-X-bp≈ hy‡-

amb Imc-W-apt≠m? Cu Ah-km\sØ \S- ] - S n- b m- b n- ´ mWv sXfnshSp∏v F∂ {]l-k\w \SØm-dp-≈-Xv. CXn\v Bcpw t\cn´v IΩo-j-W¿am¿ apºmsI lmP-cmt°-≠-Xn-√. F¶nepw IΩo-j≥ ]ªnIv C≥t^m¿ta-j≥ Hm^ok¿am-tcbpw Ah-cpsS taep-tZymK-ÿ-\mb As∏-√‰v AtXm-dn-‰ntbbpw \nIpXn Zmb-Is‚ Nnehn¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ°v Fgps∂-≈n-°m-dp-≠v. CØcw sXfn-shSp-∏n¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ ]cm-Xn-°m¿°v Nnehpw ]ªnIv C≥t^m¿ta-j≥ Hm^o-k¿am-tcmSv hln°m≥ DØc-hn-Sm-\p≈ IΩo-js‚ A[n-Imcw Ct∂-hsc tIc-f-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn®-Xmbn Adn-hn-√. F¥m-bmepw ]eX-cw-tI-kp-Iƒ ssIImcyw ImTn-\yap- ≈ - X m- s W∂v a\-   n- e m- ° m≥ _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-hn-√. ChnsS {]k‡-amb Hcp tNmZy-ap-≠v. ^pSvt_mfn- t ebpw {In°- ‰ - t ebpw d^- d nam¿°v sslt°m-S-Xn-bn-te°v hnhcm- h - I mi IΩo- j - W ¿am¿°pw AØcw Ãm‰kv Bh-iy-apt≠m? Cs√-¶n¬ hnh-cm-hI - mi \nb-asØ a‰p≈ \nb-a-ß-fn¬ \n∂v thdn´p \n¿Øp-∂Xv AXns‚ emfn-Xyhpw kpXm-cy-X-bp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂-bmWv CXns‚ 20-˛mw cq]

s]\m¬‰n hnh-cm-h-Imi IΩo-jW¿am¿ Npa- Ø m- X n- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv tNmZyw sNø-s∏-tS-≠Xv bYm¿∞Øn¬ B \nbaw Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøm≥ Ah-k-c-ap-≈Xv Cu hnhcm-h-Imi IΩo-j-W¿am¿°p am{Xam-Wv. 25,000 cq] s]\m¬‰n ASbvt°≠ Hcp ]ªnIv C≥t^m¿taj≥ Hm^o-kn¬ \n∂v 15000 cq] ssI°qen hmßn \nba hncp-≤-ambn-t∏mepw ]ng Npa-Øm-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xn\p≈ Ah-kcw Ch¿°m-Wv. CXp am{X-amWv Cu \nbasØ Xpc¶w sh°p-∂-Xv. amthm-bnÃv , \Ivks - se‰v F∂o {]ÿm-\ß - sf `oI-ch - m-Z{- ]-ÿm-\ß - f - mbn Nn{Xo-Icn-°p-tºmgpw XnI®pw P\m-[n-]Xy coXn-bn¬ Cu kaq-lsØ kam[m- \ - ] - c - a mbn hm¿sØ- S p- ° p- h m\p≈ {iasØ A[n- I m- c n- I ƒ Xs∂ Xpc¶w sh°p-∂Xv hntcm[m-`m-k-am-Wv. ]s£ shdpw hntcmZ-`mkw am{X-am-b-cp-s∂-¶n¬ IÆS-®n-cp-´m-°n-sb-¶nepw Ign-°m-am-bncp-∂p. F∂m¬ CXn\v kaqlw \¬Ip∂ hne hfsc hne-s∏-´-XmI- b m¬ AØcw Hfn- t ®m- S ¬ DW¿∂p {]h¿Øn-t°≠ kabw AXn-{I-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p. BXn-c, I¬∏m-Øn, ]me-°m-Sv-˛3

]pXnb tUmIyp-sa‚dn kn\n-a-Iƒ t]mbvk¨ Hm¨ Z πm‰¿ (Pn.-Fw. ]co-£-W-߃s°-Xnsc) 33 an\n‰v

kwhn-[m\w : APbv Im©¬ \n¿ΩmWw : atljv `´v

`qan-bv°p-th≠n Ah-km-\sØ _en (sNßd kacw) 37 an\n‰v kwhn-[m\w : kn. icXvN{µ≥ \n¿ΩmWw : tXUv sF

Ub-kvt]md˛K-te-dnb Hm^v hm≠-dt- dgvkv (AXn-c-∏n-≈n-bnse BZn-hmkn IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ) 25 an\n‰v kwhn-[m\w : AUz. B¿.-sI. Bi

hn.-kn.Un./Un.-hn.-Un. tIm∏n-Iƒ°v

sIm°m-se, Xriq¿˛21. t^m¨ : 9446576943, 0487˛-2421385 2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 1 2

]pkvX-I-ime ]pkvXI - ß - ƒ 1. C√w-\nd (I-Y-Iƒ) sI.-B¿. Cµnc 2. sNss∂ hnti-jhpw Ipdn-∏p-Ifpw _nPp Fkv. _me≥ 3. Pm-{K-Xb - psS Imh¬amSw tIc-fobw 100 e°-߃ kam-lc - n®Xv FUn-‰¿ : sI.-B¿. Cµnc 4. am¿Ivkn-kØn-\p-tijw FUn-‰¿ : Zneo]v cmPv 5. πm®n-aS : A\p-`h - ß - ƒ, ]mfn-®I - ƒ FUn-‰¿ : Sn.-Sn. {ioIp-am¿ 6. tIc-fobw ssk°nƒ ]pkvXIw FUn-‰¿ : s{]m^.sI.-Pn.-i¶ - c - ∏ - n≈ tIc-fobw, sIm°m-se, Xriq¿-˛21 t^m¨ : 9446576943, 04872421385 [email protected]




]pkvX-I-`mKw

IpSpw_w ]p\:\n¿Ωn-°-s∏-Sp∂p sI. Ac-hn-µm-£≥ Cw- • - ≠ n¬ \n∂ Z£n- W m- { ^n- ° - b nte°p≈ aS°bm{X-bn¬ 1909 \hw-_¿ 13 apX¬ 320 hsc-bp≈ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ I∏-en-encp-∂mWv Km‘n "lnµv kzcmPv' F∂ sNdp {KŸw Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv. A°m-eØv Cw•-≠nepw C¥y-bnepw {]_-e-am-bn-cp∂ A{I-a-cm-jv{Sob-sØbpw AXv {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp∂ ]Sn™m-dns‚ B[p\nI \mK-cn-I-X-sbbpw AXnI-Tn-\-ambn hna¿in-°p∂XmWo ]pkvX-Iw. hmb- \ - ° m- c \pw ]{Xm- [ n- ] cpw XΩn- e p≈ kwhm-Z-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Km‘n-bpsS Z¿i\w A\m-hr-X-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. C¥y≥ cmjv{So-bØn¬ Hcp hnj-hr-£-ambn C∂v hf¿∂n-´p≈ lnµp- X zm- b psS DXv L m- S - I - \ mb hn.- U n. Z£n- W m- { ^n- ° ≥ Pohn- X Øn-emWv Km‘n lnµv kzcmPv Fgp-Xn-b-sX-∂Xv H´pw BIkvan-I-a-√. 1893 apX¬ 1915 hscbmWv At±lw Zjn-Wm-{^n-°bn¬ Pohn-®-Xv. lnµv kzcmPns‚ kµ¿`-Øn¬ H∂-c-]-Xn‰m-≠m-bn-´p≠v Km‘n-Pn-bpsS Z£n-Wm-{^n-°≥ Pohn-Xw. XnI®pw Km¿lÿy-am-bmWv Km‘nPohnXw Bcw-`n-°p-∂X - v. ChnsS Cu kµ¿`- Ø n¬ hnip≤ {^m≥kn- k n- t \mSv ssZhw ]d- ™ - t Xm¿°pI: ""{^m≥ko-tk, Fs‚ XI¿®bn- e mb hoSv \o t]mbn ]pXp°n ]Wn-bp-I.'' Km‘n-bpsS IpSpw-_sØ ]p\x- \ n¿∆- N n- ° p- I - b m- W v, ]pXp°n ]Wn- b p- I - b m- W v . h°oepw Krl- ÿ - \ - p - a mb Km‘n k¿∆hpw Dƒs°m- ≈ p∂Xpw kZm hnI-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 6

khm¿°¿°p≈ adp-]S- n-Iq-Sn-bmWv lnµv kzcmPv. khm¿°- d psS Hma- \ - i n- j y- \ mb \mYpdmw tKmUvsk Km‘nsb shSn-sh®p sIm√p-∂-Xn\p ]n∂n¬ lnµv kzcmPns‚ Z¿i-\-ap-≠v. B[p\nI \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS ÿm]-\-ßsf \ncm-I-cn®v ]Icw ]pXn-bh ]Wn-bp-hm-\p≈ PohnX Z¿i\-amWv lnµv kzcm-Pn-ep-≈Xv. 1898 apX¬ 1948 hscbp≈ Km‘n- b psS PohnXw Cu ]p\x \n¿ΩmWØns‚ Ncn-{X-am-Wv. Km‘n°v kzcmPv cmjv{Sob kzmX-{¥y-a-√. kmwkvIm-cn-I-amWv AXns‚ t{]mt´m-πm-kw. Bflo-ba - mWv AXns‚ \yq¢n-b- v. \ΩpsS KXn-sI´ Ime-Øn\v "lnµv kzcmPv' AXnPoh-\-Øns‚ Hcp ssI®q-≠n-bmImw. °p-∂-Xp-amb ssZh-\-K-c-am°n Xs‚ hoSns\ ]cn-Wa - n-®X - mWv Hc¿∞- Ø n¬ Km‘n- b psS bu∆-\-Øns‚ Xo£vW-X. aq∂p [mc-I-fmWv Km‘nbn¬ Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ {]_ew. 1. h°o¬]Wn-tbm-Sp≈ B¿÷-hw. 2. ]cn-jv°¿Ømhns‚ Bflm¿∞X. 3. {]m]©n-I-amb kXy-a-t\z-jn-°p-∂hs‚ hnizm-kw. IpSpw-_-Ønt‚bpw kaq-l-Øn-t‚bpw ]®bmb {]iv \ - ß ƒ At±lw t\cn-Sp-∂Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. Xs‚ hoSv kl-{]-h¿Ø-IcpsS Bhm- k - t I- { µ- a mbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS kwhm-Z-ÿen- b mbpw Im¿jnI IΩyqWmbpw ANn-tcW hnI-kn-°p∂p. hoSv-˛-tlm-ì˛^n-\nIvkv sk‰n¬sa≥dv - ˛ - t SmƒtÃmbn ^mw- Cßn-s\-bmWv ]cn-Wm-a{- I-aw. AXn\v Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp aXm-flI

`mh-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p, AXm-Is´ \mfnXp- h - s c- b p≈ aX- ß - f n¬ \n∂v hyXy- k v X - a m- b n- c p- ∂ p. F∂mte Ah-bpsS ]e Du¿÷ [mXp-°fpw Dƒt® ¿∂-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssZhw iIm-cn-®-b® {^m≥ko-kn-s\-t∏mse, Km‘n Hcp ]pXnb hoSv \n¿ΩmW-Øn-te¿s∏-´p. tkh-\w, A≤ym]-\w, ]cn-jv°-c-Ww, ta¬t\m´w F∂nh AXns‚ [¿Ω kq{Xßfpw. {ItaW Z£n-Wm-{^n-°bnse C¥y≥hw-i-P¿, Idp-Ø-h¿ At±-l-Øns‚ hoSmbn; "kzX-{¥' C¥y ssZh-\-K-c-hpw. ssP\n- k - Ø ns‚ aqe- k q- ‡ amb At\- I m- \ - µ - h mZw, Htc hkvXp-hns\ At\Iw tImWp-Ifn-eqsS ImWpI Xs‚ Bflob Kpcp-hmb cmP-N-{µ-bn-eqsS Km‘n kzmwio- I - c n- ° p∂Xpw IpSpw- _ Øns‚ ]cn- W m- a - t h- f - b n- e mWv . htcWy h¿§-Øns‚ hym]mc {]Xn\n-[n-bmbn FØp∂ Km‘n Xs‚ ico- c Øns‚ km[y- X - I - s f- ∏ ‰n t_m[-hm-\m-Ip-∂Xpw Cu kµ¿`Øn- e m- W - s {X. Xs‚ ico- c sØ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS Xmf-Øn-s\m-∏n®pw tX®p an\p-°p∂ Km‘n AXn¬ A\-ev]-ambn Du¿÷hpw Is≠Øp-∂p. Cu Du¿÷w˛ssewKnI F\¿Pn˛ Xs‚bpw kaq- l - Ø ns‚bpw k¿§-{In-b-°mbn D]-tbmKn-°p∂XmWv \mw XpS¿∂v ImWp∂- X v. IpSpw- _ - s Ø AXns‚ B¿`m-S-˛-B-Uw-_c taZ- p-I-fn¬ \n∂v \o°p-hm≥ At±lw kmºØnI efn-X-h¬°-cWw kzoI-cn°p-tºmƒ, ssewKnI Du¿÷sØ Aan-Xm-k-‡n-bn¬\n∂v Xncn-®psIm-≠p-hc - p-hm≥ {_“-Ncyw kzoIcn-°p-∂p. {_“-Nm-cn-bp-sSbpw Zcn{Z-s‚bpw icocw At±lw Is≠Øp-∂p. X∂nepw Np‰nepw Xs‚ ico-cØ - ns‚ \iz-cX ˛ H∂p-a√ -- mØ Ahÿ alm- a m- c n- b m- s b- Ø p∂ tπKn-eqsS Xncn-®-dn-bp∂ Km‘n, Ah-tl-fn-°s - ∏-´, Ah-KW - n-°s - ∏´ A]-cs‚ ico-cnsØ ˛ AXns‚ Zpc¥w ˛ thZ\ Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ib - m-Wv. ASn-asØmgn-em-fn-bmb _mekpµcsØ Xs‚ amtdmSv tN¿Ø-Wbv°pI am{X-a-√, \n›-b-Zm¿Vy-

lnµv kzcmPv Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ Km‘n Xm≥ hna¿in-°p∂ B[p-\nI \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS ÿm]-\-߃°v _Z-emb ÿm]-\-߃ aÆn¬ \n∂v cq]-s∏-SpØns°m≠p-h-∂n-cp-∂p. sshZy-am-bmepw hnZy-`ymk-am-bmepw imkv{X-am-bmepw Irjn-bm-bmepw \oXn-bm-bmepw kacm-bp-[-am-bm-epw aX-hn-izm-k-am-bmepw Ah-bpsS {]Imi \ncq-]Wß-fpsS angnhpw apgp∏pw \mw ImWp-∂Xv ]n¬°meØmbncn°mw. lnµv kzcm-Pn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°mØ H∂pw ]n≥°m-eØv Km‘n- b n¬ [m¿ΩnI Pohn- X - Ø ns‚ [mXp- h mbn tN¿∂n- ´ n- √ . tØm-sS, _me-kpµcw F∂ H∂p a√m-Ø-h-s\bpw Ncn-{X-Øn-te-°v, {]]-©Ø - ns‚ ssZhn-IX - b - n-te°v k©-cn-°p-hm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-Ib - m-W.v _me-kp-µ-c-tØm-sS, kv{XoIfpw Ip´n-Ifpw ]pcp-j∑ - m-cp-ambn Hcp-]mSv ASn-as - Øm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ, Km‘n-bpsS IpSpw-_-Øn-te-bvs°-Øp-∂p-≠v. C°m-eØv \S∂ kpfp Iem-]s - Ø, hwio-bm-Nm-cy-Xb - psS apjvt°msS sh≈-°m-c≥ t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ, \ncm{i-bc - mb apdn-th‰ Idp-Øh - s\ ]cnN-cn-°p-hm≥ Km‘nbpw kwL-hpamWv FØp-∂-Xv. kpfp Iem-]Øns‚ cm{Xn-th-fI - f - nse GIm-¥au-\Ø - n-em-Wv. {_“-Nc - yhpw, Zmcn{Zyhpw Km‘n Xs‚ {hX-ßf - mbn kzoI-cn-°p-∂X - v. 1901¬ C¥y-bn¬ Xncn-®-Øp∂ Km‘n t_mws_-bnse km‚m-{Iqkn¬ h°o-embn ]Wn-sb-Sp-°phm≥ _w•mhv hmS-Ib - s v °-Sp-°p-∂p≠v. C¥y-bnse Xma-kØ - n-\nSbn¬ km[m- c - W - ° m- c s‚ thj- Ø n¬ aq∂mw-¢m- n¬ C¥ysb ]Tn-°m≥, Hcp Xo¿∞-bm{Xbn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂p≠v. Chn- s Sbpw At±lw kº¿°Øn-em-hp-∂-Xv Zcn-{Zs‚ ico-ch - p-am-bn-´m-Wv. 1902¬ Z£n-Wm{^n-°-bn¬ Xncn-s®-Ønb tijw 1904-emWv ^o\nIvkv sk‰n¬sa‚ v (B-{i-aw) cq]w sIm≈p-∂-Xv. ]ePm-Xn-°m¿, hwi-°m¿, h¿Æ-°m¿, `mj-°m¿ tN¿∂ Hcp IΩyq-WmW-Xv. Ah¿ {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m≥ {ian- ® - X m- I s´ tPm¨dIv k ns‚ A¨ Sp Znkv emÃv (k¿t∆m-Z-bw) F∂ Bi-bw. 1898¬ Hcp sImSp- ¶ m- ‰ ns‚ {]£p-_vZ-X-bn¬ U¿_\n-se-Øptºmƒ IkvXp¿_m K¿`n-Wn-bm-bncp-∂p. 1898 tabn¬ Ah¿ cma-Zmkns\ {]k-hn-®p. 1900¬ tZh-Zmkv. 1900\p tijw (A∂v Km‘n°p 31

hb- v) At±lw ssewKn-I-X-bn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-Im≥ IkvXp¿_m-bpsS kΩ-X-tØmsS InW™p ]cn-{i-ans®-¶nepw km[n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. kpfp Iem-]-Im-e-ØmWv {_“-Ncy-{hXw kXym-{K-ln-Iƒ°v Bh-iyam-sW∂p I≠v {]Xn-⁄-sb-Sp-ØXv. Hcp kv{Xo ico-c-Øns‚ hf-sc kq£va-amb ]‰n-t®-c-en¬\n∂pw At±lw Xs‚ ico-cnsØ hnim-eambn kmaqly ico-cØ - ns‚ Bt«j-WØ - n-te°v ]cn-Wa - n-∏n-°p-Ib - mWv . {Inkv X y- ≥ ]m]- t _m- [ - a - √ , CXn\p t{]cn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X v . Xs‚ ]pXnb ka-cm-bp-[a - mb kXym-{K-lØns‚ {]tbm-K-Øn\v CXv A\nhm-cy-am-sW∂ t_m[w. IqSp-X¬ Ip´n- I ƒ D≠m- I p∂Xv XS- b m≥ ssewKn-I-X-bn¬ \n∂v kzb-a-Iep∂ Km‘n t_m[-]q¿∆w FØnt®-cp-∂Xv kXym-{K-l-Øns‚ ]cnN- b mbn {_“- N - c ysØ kzbw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-te-°m-Wv. kXym{Klw cq]- s ∏- S p- ∂ Xv Z£n-Wm-{^n-°-bnse sh≈-°mcs‚ "Icn\nba'sØ (Black Act) s\Xn-sc-bmWv. Idp-Ø-h≥ (Km‘n kpfp Iem-]-Im-eØv Xm\-Sßp∂ C¥y-°m-sc Idp-Øh - \ - m-bmWv I≠Xv) F√m Agp-°ns‚bpw ˛ Ncn{Xw, aXw, kwkvImcw ˛ {]Xo-Ia - m-Wt- √m. 1906 sk]v‰w-_¿ 11 \v tPml-∂mkv s_¿Knse "Cw•ojv Xnø-‰¿ - ' F∂ Fw_-b¿ Xnø-‰d- n¬ sh®mWv lmPn l_o_v F∂ ap…nw kvt\ln-X‚ ""ssZhsØ km£n \n¿Øn'' F∂ {]tbm-KØ - ns‚ Bflob kvt^mS\-Øn¬ Km‘n kXym-{K-l-Øn\v hnØn-Sp-∂X - .v hyh- ÿ m- ] n- X - a mb IpSpw- _ Øns‚ AXn-cp-Iƒ A{]-Xy-£-amIp- ∂ - t Xm- s Sm∏w `mcy, a°ƒ, 2 0 0 9 HIvtSm-_¿ 2 7

_‘p- ° ƒ F∂n- h - c p- a m- b p≈ _‘- ß - f n¬ D≠m- I p∂ am‰w {it≤-b-am-Wv. Xs‚ [¿Ω-t_m-[Øn\v hncp- ≤ - a m- b - s Xm∂pw At±lw `mcy-bvt°m a°ƒt°m D‰- _ - ‘ p- ° ƒt°m ASpØ kv t \ln- X ¿t°m A\p- h - Z n®p sImSp- Ø n- √ . Xs‚ a°- f m- b - X psImt≠m `mcy-bm-b-Xp-sIm-t≠m {]tXy- I - ] - c n- K - W - \ - b p- ≠ m- b n- √ . B[p- \ nI \mK- c n- I - X - b psS bmsXmcphn[ ÿm]- \ - h p- a mbn Ahsc _‘-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ kΩ-Xn®-Xp-an√. B[p-\nI hnZy-`ym-kw, sshZy-im-kv{Xw, B[p-\nI `£Ww, Irjn, imkv{Xw Chsb ASp∏n-®t- X-bn-√. ]Icw B[p-\nI \mKcn-Ib - psS kv]¿i ta¬°mØ hnZy`ym-kw, sshZyw, `£-Ww, Irjn, imkv{Xw F∂n-h-bpsS aq¿Øcq-]-

߃ hnI-kn-∏n-°m-\mbn apgp-h≥ {i≤-bpw. CXn\v Xøm-d-√m-Ø-hsc Xs‚ B{i- a - s a∂ IΩyqWn¬ Xma-kn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Km‘n hnk-ΩXn-®p. Xs‚ tNmc-bn¬ \n∂p-≠mb aqØ-I≥ lcn-em-em-bn-cp∂p Km‘ntbmSv \nc- ¥ cw G‰p- a p- ´ n- b Xv . Km‘n hg- ß n- b n- √ , Ah- k m\w hsc- b pw. aWn- e m- e ns\ Xs‚ [m¿ΩnI hcp-Xn-bn¬ \ndp-Øn. lnµv kzcmPv Fgp- X p- t ºmƒ Km‘n Xm≥ hna¿in-°p∂ B[p-\nI \mK-cn-IX - b - psS ÿm]-\ß - ƒ°v _Zemb ÿm]-\ß - ƒ aÆn¬ \n∂v cq]s∏-SpØns°m≠p-h∂ - n-cp-∂p. sshZyam-bmepw hnZy-`ym-ka- m-bmepw imkv{Xam-bmepw Irjn-bm-bmepw \oXn-bmbmepw ka-cm-bp-[a- m-bm-epw aX-hn-izmk-am-bmepw Ah-bpsS {]Imi \ncq]-Wß-fpsS angnhpw apgp∏pw \mw

ImWp-∂Xv ]n¬°meØmbn-cn°mw. lnµv kzcm-Pn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°mØ H∂pw ]n≥°m-eØv Km‘n-bn¬ [m¿ΩnI Pohn-XØ - ns‚ [mXp-hmbn tN¿∂n-´n-√. 1909 ¬ \mS≥ N¿° Km‘n I≠n- ´ p- t ]m- e p- a n- √ . F¶nepw an¬XpWn-bp-≠m°p∂ ]h¿ eqans‚ ImI-fi - _vZw Km‘n tI´p. N¿°bpsS Bflob kwKoXw hnZq-cÿ - am-bn-s´-¶nepw Adn™p. kacmbp≤ ˛ kXym-{K-l-Øns‚ aq¿®-bn¬ t_m[y-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂p, F{X-tØmfw Bg-Øn¬, ]c-∏n¬ AXv D]-tbm-Kn°m-\m-hp-sa∂v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√¶n-epw. C{Xbpw Zo¿L-ambn kqNn-∏n-®Xv IpSpw_w F∂ ]c-ºc - m-KX bqWn‰n¬ \n∂v Km‘n Fßns\ hnim-eamb temI-Øn-te°v Xs∂ hnI-kn∏n®p F∂v hni-Za - m-°m-\m-W.v Hcp ]pXnb temI-Ip-Spw_w Km‘n ]Wnbm-≥ XpS-ßn-bncp∂p ˛ 1909¬. ""C¥y-bpsS ]cn-jv°m-c-am-tW‰hpw anI-®-sX∂pw `uXn-I-t`m-Kß-fn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb ]m›m-Xy-]-cnjvImcw Hcp Xm¬°m-enI hnkva bw am{X-am-sW∂pw Bflm¿c-∞ambn Km‘n hniz-kn-®p. ]m›mXy ]cn-jv°mcw (B-[p-\nI \mK-cn-IX) t]mep≈ £W- ` w- K p- c - a mb kwkvIm-c-߃ h∂pw t]mbpw-ancn-°pw. AI-ta-bn-cp∂p \sΩ \bn°p∂ i‡n-bpsS a-l-Xz-sa-¥mWv A\p-`-hn-®-h¿°pw arKo-b-i-‡nsIm≠v Iogvs∏-Sp-Ø-\m-in-°p∂h¿°pw'' Xm≥ ]d-bp-∂-sXs¥∂v a\-   n- e m- I pw, Km‘n Dd- ∏ n®p ]d™p ""]cn-jvIm-c-tIm-∏bnse hnjw- t am¥n A]- I - S - Ø n- e mb B[p-\nI ÿnXn-bn¬ AXnXo{hamb Akw-Xr-]vXn-'' (lnµp-kz-cmPv: ]pdw: 65) ]pe-¿Øp∂ IpSpw-_sa∂ hyh-ÿm-]nX bqWn-‰ns\ Km‘n \ntj-[n-®p. ChnsS \n∂m Wv hniz-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ ]p\:\n¿ ΩmWw Km‘n Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. (\hw-_d - n¬ "]q¿tWm-Zb' {]kn-≤oI-cn-°p∂ lnµvkzcm-Pv AXn-Po-h\- Ø n- s \mcp ssI®q≠n F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂v Hc-≤ym-bw) hmƒU≥, Fd-hv, Xr»q¿

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 8




\nco-£Ww

sIm√-߃°v apºv tX°n≥ImSv A£-cm¿∞Øn¬ sImSpwh\-am-bn-cp-∂p. h\y-ar-K-ß-fpsS tLmc-K¿÷-\Ø - n¬ A∂v Xr»n-ht- ]-cq¿ \Spßn hnd-®p. {Inan-\e - p-It- fbpw sIme-]m-XI - n-It- fbpw Zm£n-Wy-an-√msX ssIImcyw sNbvX cmPmhv Ip‰-hm-fn-Iƒ°v Iym]n-‰¬ ]Wn-jvsa‚ v Xs∂ hn[n-®p. Xq°p-Ib - d - n¬ hoWp ]nS™v \m°v Xpdn°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw in£n-°-s∏-´-hsc sXt° tKm]p-cØ - ns‚ hmXn¬ Xpd∂v Im´n-te°v hnSpI-bm-bn-cp∂p ]Xn-hv. arK-߃ Ah-cpsS ]√pw \Jhpw t]mepw _m°n-sh-´n-s√∂v tNd-∏mbn ^en-Xw. kwKXn \qdp iX-am-\hpw Ct°m-{^≠ven. F.-Un._n ]Ww hmßn Gßn-s\-sb√mw {^≠ven A√m-sX-bmImw F∂v Kth-jWw \SØp∂ Hcp \K-ck - `- b - p- s - S hnti-jß - ƒ.

i‡≥ Xºp-cm≥ sXs° tKm]pcw IS-°ptam? F. FkvXm-∏m≥ amXrIm ]ucXzw DZvtLmjWw sNøp∂ Nne ASn-ÿm\ tbmKy- X - I - f p- ≠ v . tZi kv t \lØn\pw kmtlm-Z-cy-Øn\pw ]pdta Imem-Im-eß - f - n¬ `c-WI - q-SØ - n-te°-S-t°-≠p∂ \nIp-Xn-Iƒ hnfw_w IqSmsX AS-®p-t]m-cpI F∂Xv GsXmcp ]uc- s ‚bpw {]mY-anI I¿Ø-hy-am-Wv. `oj-WnIfpw \n¿_-‘-ß-fp-an-√msX ]cam-h[n ]Ww ]ncn-™p-In-´p- I F∂Xv k¿°m¿ kz]v \ w ImWp∂ ÿnXn-hn-tijw Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXpsIm≠v km[m-c-W-°m-c\v t]mdte-ev]n-bv°m-sX, Abmƒ°v am\knI kΩ¿≤-ap-≠m-°msX hnhn[ \nIp-Xn-Iƒ hkq-em-°m≥ kaq-lØn¬ Hcp-]mSv Iu≠-dp-Iƒ Xpd∂p h®n-´p-≠v. hcp-am\ \nIpXn, kΩm-\-\n-Ip-Xn, ho´p-\n-IpXn, `q\n-Ip-Xn, sk v, hml-\-\n-Ip-Xn, k¿®m¿Pv, hnZym-`ymk sk v XpS2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 2

ßnb Im°sØm≈m-bncw Hma-\t∏-cp-I-fm¬ Cu Iu≠-dp-I-fn¬ Xm¶-fpsS amXrIm ]ucXzw hnebn- c p- Ø - s ∏- S p- ∂ p. Hcp Iu≠dn¬\n∂pw ASpØ Iu≠-dn-te°v ho≠pw as‰mcp Iu≠- d n- t e°v \oßn \oßn kaq-l-Ønse s]mß® Pohn- X - Ø ns‚ hmSI \n߃ AS®p Xo¿tØ Xocq. Nne \nIp-Xn-Iƒ t\cn´v sXm´-SpØ XtZi kzbw `cW ÿm]-\-Ønte-°p-≈-Xm-sW-¶n¬, a‰p NneXv Aßv Zqsc Zn√n-bnse apJ¿Pn ama\p≈XmWv. c≠m-bmepw k¿°mcm-∏okn¬ Hcp sam´p-kqNn taSnbv ° - W - s a- ¶ n¬t∏mepw P\- ß fn¬\n∂v Cu ]Ww ]ncn-™p-In´n-bn-´p-thWw B∏o-knse aq´-°tk-c-I-fn-en-cp∂v s]mXp P\sØ {]£m-f\w sNøp∂ ITn-\m-≤zm-\nbmb DtZym- K - ÿ s‚ iº- f hpw sImSn ]d- ∏ n- b v ° p∂ k¿°m¿

hml-\-Øn¬ ae¿∂p-In-S-°p∂ P\- { ]- X n- \ n- [ n- b psS Ae- h ≥kpIfpw as‰-hnsS \n∂p-a√ sImSpØpXo¿°p-∂-Xv. F.-Un.-_n. ]Wsams° Ct∏m-gt√ h∂p XpS-ßnb- X v . At∏mƒ _lp- a m- \ y- \ mb kΩ-Zn-Zm-bI - s‚ t]m°-‰n¬ InS∂ ]Ww ssIbnseØptºmƒ temIØnse G‰hpw henb P\m-[n-]X - ycm-jv{S-Ønse kmwkvIm-cnI \Kc-amb Xr»q-cnse \K-c-k` AsXß-s\-bmWv sNe-h-gn-bvt°-≠Xv? DØ- a - t _m- [ y- t ØmSpw k∑- \ t mSpw IqSn ]ncn™p In´nb kwJy AtX Kuc-htØmsSØs∂ P\-߃ KpW-I-camb hn[-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-bv°p-IbmWv AXns‚ icn. P\-߃ sXcs™- S pØ ]finX tIk- c n- I fpƒs°m≈p∂ Hcp `cW kanXn Imcy-߃ Xocp-am-\n-bv°m≥, \S∏n- e m- ° m≥ Xe- ∏ - Ø p- ≈ - t ∏mƒ

amen\y kwkvIc- W - Ø - n\v IqSpX¬ ÿe-am-hiy-s∏-´p-sIm-≠p≈ tIm¿∏-td-js‚ ]{X-∏-c-kyØn\v C\n AYhm anI®v {]Xn-Ic- W - a- p-≠m-bn-s√¶n¬Øs∂ \ap°v sS≥j≥ ASn-bvt°-≠X - n-√. \K-cØ - n-\p-≈n¬Øs∂ \o≠p \nh¿∂p InS-°pI-bt√ tX°n≥ImSv ssaXm-\w, G°-dp-I-W-°n\v, Bh-iy-Øn\v Af-s∂-Sp-°ptb th≠q. ]pXnb emeq¿ Chn-sS-Ø-s∂-bm-I-s´.

AX-ß-s\tb hcq F∂-dn-bmw. F∂n´pw hnI-k-t\m-∑pJ kmwkvIm-cnI {]h¿Ø\w apJ-ap{Z-bm-°nb Xr»q¿ \K-c-Øn¬ Cu No™ \m‰w FhnsS \n∂pamWv IS-∂p-h-cp-∂Xv? kwÿm-\-sam-´msI-bp≈ kmlnXy kmaq-lnI ]cnjv I - c - W - ß ƒ°v Np°m≥ ]nSnbv°p∂ A°m-Zan Cu sISp-Imcy-ÿ-X-I-≠n-s√-∂pt≠m? ]m¿´n sk{I-´-dnbv°v Pe-tZmjw h∂m¬t]mepw AXv Ata-cn-b° v ≥ km{am- P y- Ø ns‚ CS- s ]- S - e msW∂p ]d™p {]Xn-tj[ {]kvXm-h-\-bv°n-d-°p∂ ]Xnhv sIm´mcw ]pwK-h-am-scms° FhnsS-t∏mbn Ct∏mƒ? ]mh-s∏´ thm´¿amcpsS Hm´°o- i - b n¬sIm≠v tX°n≥ImSv ssaXm-\sØ kuµ-cn-sI-´-S-ßn-bn´n-√. Xeßpw hneßpw ]p√p-h®p ]nSn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw D]-tbm-KØn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Sm¿ tdmUv sh´ns∏m- f n®pIf™v kam- ¥ - c - a mbn DW-°°´ ]mIp-∂X - n-s‚bpw _lf-߃ Ct∏mgpw Hm¿Øp-t]m-hp-Ibm-Wv. e≠-\nse sslUv ]m¿°v t]msebm°n-°f - bpw tX°n≥ImSv ssaXm\w F∂m-bn-cp∂p hmin. sFiz-cy-Øns‚ Nnd-I-Sn-sbm-®-bmbn-cp-∂p AsX√mw F∂p tXm∂n. tX°n≥ImSv sX°≥ hrµm-h-\-amIp-sa∂pw B kpK‘ kaocWt\‰p-hm-ßm≥ hntZi Sqdn-ÃpIƒ Iq´w Iq´-ambn s\Sp-ºm-t»cn-bn¬ hnam-\a - ndßpsa∂pw \Ωƒ Icp-Xn. HSp-hn¬ tX°n≥Im-Sn\v

D≠m-bn-cp∂ kuµ-cyhpw t]mbn \´ ]ps√m´p ]nSn-®-Xp-an-√. ]Icw DW-°-°-´-Iƒ°n-S-bneqsS Im´v]p√v Xg-®p-h-f¿∂p. \K-c-k` Btcm-]-W-ß-fpsS A·n-°m-h-Sn. Un.-Sn.-]n.kn bpsS Xe-bn¬ h®psIm-SpØv c£-s∏-´p. \mep amhn≥ ssXtbm, πmhn≥ssXtbm \´p-]nSn-∏n-°m≥ Cu A`n-\h _yq´oj≥am¿°v tXm∂m-™-sXt¥? Xr»-q¿ \K-c-k-`-bpsS sI´pIm-cy-ÿ-X°v aIpSw Nm¿Øp-∂XmWv Ct∏mƒ Xpd∂p sImSp-°s∏´ k_vth. [mcmfw aXn. ]t£, Hcn-cp-]-Ø-©p-h¿jw ap∂n¬°≠mWv \K-c-k` CXp-]-Wn-Xn-cp-∂sX-¶n¬ Ipsd IS-Ifpw ]m¿°n-ßpsa√mw A\p-_-‘-ambn ]WnXv hmSI ]ncnbv°m-am-bn-cp-∂p. \m´pIm¿°v ]®- ° - d nbpw ap√- ∏ qhpw hmßn _ p-I-b-dn-t∏m-Im-am-bn-cp∂p. ct≠m \mtem aq{X-∏p-c-Iq-Snbp-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ AΩ s]ß∑m-cpsS hnΩn-jvS-߃°v Bizmk-am-bn-cp-∂p. F.-kn. apdn-bn-en-cp∂ Iºyq-´-ssdkvUv πm\p-I-sf-Ip-dn®v Xe ]pÆm-°n, skan-\m-dp-I-fn¬ Aƒ{Sm tamtU¨ \K-cm-kq-{XWw hnf- º p∂h¿°v Ft¥ A¥mcmjv{S \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ hn`m-h\w sNøm≥ ]‰m-ØXv? kaq-l-hn-I-k\-Ønse F√m ]mfn-®I - ƒ°pw ]cnan-Xn-Iƒ°pw Ah¿ s]cp-In-h-cp∂ P\-kw-Jysb Ip‰-s∏-SpØn sIm≠n-cn-bv°pw. Ft∏mgpw CØncn-h-´-Øp-\n∂p am{Xw ImW-p-Ibpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂ Cu At[m- a pJ hma\≥am¿ (I-S-∏mSv: sshtem-∏n-≈n) `cn- b v ° p∂ \K- c - k - ` - b - ° mWv \Ωƒ ]uc- t _m- [ - a pƒs°m- ≠ v , hogvNh - c - p-ØmsX \nIp-Xn-bS- ° - p-∂Xv. F{X e÷m-Icw PpKp-]v mhlw !! emeq¿ aen-\o-I-c-W-{]-iv\Øns‚ Ct∏m- g sØ ÿnXn- I ≠m¬ AXv Xo¿∏m-°m≥ bXv\n°p-∂h - t- cmSv ""Cßs\ Hcp {]iv\w D≠m- ° n- s b- S p- ° m≥ Rß- s f{X ]mSps]s´∂-dn-bmtam'' F∂v \Kc- k ` ]d- b p- s a- ∂ p- t Xm- ∂ p- ∂ p. BP∑ sshc-߃°pw. temI-alm-bp-≤-߃°pw ChnsS t]mwhgn-bp-≠mbn´p≠v.sXmgn¬ X¿°ßƒ°pw h¿§o- b - I - e m- ] ߃°pw HØp-Xo¿∏p-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. X¿°n-b° v p∂ Ccp-hn-`m-K° - m¿°pw ]nSn-hmin If™v {]iv\w ]cn-l-

l l l

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2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 3

cn- b v ° - W - s a- ∂ p- a m{Xw. N¿®- b neqsS cay-X-bn-se-Øm≥ ]‰mØ F¥p {]iv\-am-Wn-hn-sS-bp-≈Xv ? Cu k∂-≤Xbpw a\-ÿn-Xn-bpamWv hnπ-h-∏m¿-´n-bpsS sk{I-´dnbv°pw tab¿°pw C√m-sX-t]m-bXv. emeq¿ Hcp Cjyq Bbn-Øs∂ \ne-\n-ev°-sa-∂Xv \K-c-k-`-bpsS Bh-iy-amtWm F∂v kwi-bn-°m≥ s]mXp-P-\-°-gp-Xbv°v \ymb-amb Ah-Im-ia - p-≠v. C∂-s√-¶n¬ \msf \K-c-amen\yw apgp-h≥ hmcn-Iq´n emeq¿ {Kma-Øn¬ sIm-≠p-X-≈p∂ Cu ]cn-]m-Snbv°v Hcp _Z¬ At\z-jnt°-≠n-h-cpw. \K-c-Ønse amen-\yØnse {][m-\-{]Xn πmÃnIv Dev]∂-ß-fm-sW-∂n-cnbvs° \ΩpsS Iymcn-_mKv kz`m-hØ - n\v ASn-b¥ - nc-ambn \nb-{¥-W-ß-tf¿s∏-Sp-tØ≠n-h-cpw. \n¿∫-‘-ambpw Rm≥ πmÃnIv Iymcn- _ m- K p- I ƒ ISbn¬\n∂pw ho´n-se-Øn-bv°n√ F∂v \Ω-sfms° kzbw imknt°≠ Imew AXn- { I- a n- ® n- c nbv°pIbmWv. _lp-P-\-hn-Imcw ]pjv S n- s ∏- S m≥ ka- b saSp°pw. emeqcpw ]cn-k-chpw (Xr-»q¿ \Kc-apƒs∏-sS) At∏m-tg°pw `oI-camb ]I¿®-hym-[n-Iƒ s]m´n-]p-ds∏-t´°mw. Chn-sS-bn-t∏mƒ ]¥v \- K - c - k - ` - b psS tIm¿´n- e mWv tIm¿∏- t d- j ≥ 25 G°¿ `qan At\z-jn-b° v p-∂X - n-\p-]I - cw Hmtcm hm¿Unepw Ac-tb-°mƒ ÿe-sa¶nepw CXn-\mbn Is≠-Øn-Iq-sS. ssPh amen-\y-kw-kv°-c-W-Øn\v am{X- a mWv CXv Hmtcm hm¿Untebpw Nh-dp-Iƒ AtX hm¿Un¬Xs∂ kwkv°-cn-°m≥ C\nbpw \Ω- f neqsS Xºp- c m°≥am¿ Ft¥ Btem-Nn-®p-≠m°p-∂Xv? Ah-\-hs‚ Xo´w as‰mcp-Øs‚ ho´n-te°p hen-s®-dn-bp∂-XmtWm icn-bmb kwkvIm-csa∂v tIm¿∏-td-j≥-B-tem-Nn-°Ww. Hmtcm hoSnepw ssPh Ahin-jvS-߃, Ip∏n-®n√v, XI-c-∏m-´, πmÃnIv, d∫¿ F∂n-hbv°v sht®sd _n∂p-Iƒ h®v AXXp hm¿Unse kwkv°-cW ÿeØv

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 4

C∂-s√-¶n¬ \msf \K-c-am-en\yw apgp-h≥ hmcn-Iq´n emeq¿ {Kma-Øn¬ sIm-≠p-X-≈p∂ Cu ]cn-]m-Snbv°v Hcp _Z¬ At\z-jn-t°-≠nh-cpw. \K-c-Ønse amen-\y-Ønse {][m-\-{]Xn πmÃnIv Dev]-∂-ß-fm-sW-∂n-cnbvs° \ΩpsS Iymcn-_mKv kz`m-hØ - n\v ASn-b¥ - n-ca- mbn \nb-{¥W-ß-tf¿s∏-Sp-tØ-≠n-h-cpw. \n¿∫-‘-ambpw Rm≥ πmÃnIv Iymcn-_m-Kp-Iƒ IS-bn¬\n∂pw ho´n-se-Øn-bv°n√ F∂v \Ω-sfms° kzbw imkn-t°≠ Imew AXn-{I-an-®n-cn-bv°pIbmWv.

kzcq-]n®v ssPhm-h-in-jvS-߃ hfam°n am‰p-Ibpw Iq∏n-®n√v XI-c∏m- ´ p- I ƒ B{In- I - ® - h - S - ° m¿°v sImSp°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. πmÃnIv Ah-in-jvSß - ƒ°v IqSp-X¬ Nm¿Pv G¿s∏- S pØn P\- ß - f nse D]t`mKw Ipd-°-Ww. Ct∏mƒ πmÃnIv _mKv taSn-°p-∂-hcn¬\n∂pw c≠p cq]m CuSm-°p∂-Xn\p ]I-cw, IS-I-fn¬, XpWnk©n D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ IÃ-a¿°v c≠p cq] _n√n¬ sNøp∂ G¿∏mSv D≠m-I-Ww. Xo¿®-bmbpw CXv πmÃnIv _mKv D]-tbmKw Ipd°pw. Ah ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-ambn D]t`m-‡m-hn\p \evIp∂ IS-°m¿°p Xs∂ Xncn®p \evIp-Itbm As√¶n¬ D]-tbm-K-Øn\v IqSnb s]\m¬‰n G¿s∏- S p- Ø p- I tbm thWw. amen-\ysØ AXns‚ Ddhn- S - Ø n¬Øs∂ C√m- X m- ° pI F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X ns‚ Kp´≥kv CXm-Wv. Cßs\ Btcm-Ky-Ic - a - mb coXn-bn¬ kaq-l-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ CSs]´v ]ucs‚ ssZ\w-Zn\ PohnXw Bbm- k - c - l n- X - a m- ° p- ∂ - X n\p th≠n- b mWv \Ωƒ, Acn taSn-

bv°m≥ h® ]W-sa-SpØv \K-c-k`-bn¬ \nIp-Xn-b-S-°p-∂-Xv. A√msX P\- { ]- X n- \ n- [ n- I - f mb A{amƒ°pw IΩ-fp-am¿°pw bqtdm∏n¬ tjm∏nwKv [am-°°v t]mIm\-√. apJw \∂-√m-Ø-h¿ IÆmSnsb Ip‰- s ∏- S p- Ø pw. \∂mbn \rØw sNøm-\-dn-bm-Ø-h¿ \new icn-b√ - m-ØXp sIm≠m-sW∂p ]dbpw. kz¥w DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ sNbvXp Xo¿°mØ \K-ck - `- b - mWv D®-`m-jnWn h®v ]cnkc ipNn-XzsØ-∏‰n \mSp-\osf D¬t_m-[n-∏n°m-\n-d-ßp-∂Xv. Iπnßv (C-t∏m-gsØ amen\ysØ Aa¿Øn t]mfn- Ø o≥ jo‰p-sIm-≠v aqSp∂ coXn) sNbvXv amen\yw sIm≠n-S¬ ]p\-cm-cw-`n-®mepw emeq-cn¬ AXv F{X-\mƒ XpScm≥ ]‰pw? \ΩpsS amen-\y-߃ t\cmw-hÆw ad-hp-sN-øm≥ IgnbmØ \ap°v N{µ- \ n¬ Pew Is≠-Ønb imkv{X kmt¶-Xn-Ihn- Z ysb- ° p- d n®v Al- ¶ - c n- ° m≥ bmsXm- c ¿l- X - b p- a n- √ . ho´n¬ ^yqkmb Hcp Syq_vsse‰v

Fßs\ a‰p-≈-h¿°pw ]cn-k-cØn\pw lm\n-I-c-a-√msX kwkvIcn- b v ° - W - s a∂v ]d- ™ p- s Im- S p°m≥ \ap-°dn-bn-s√-¶n¬, HmkvImd√ t\m_¬ kΩm\w t\Sn-bn´pw F¥p-Imcyw? CSXp heXp `c-Wm[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS ]nSn-∏p-tISpw aqcm®n-Ø-chpw Fßs\ Hcp {Kma-Pohn-XsØ apgp-h≥ A]-I-S-s∏-SpØp∂p F∂v \ΩpsS Ip´n- I sfms° h∂p ImW-s´. a\p-jy¿ Chn-sSbpw Pohn-°p∂p F∂v Ahc-dn-b-s´. kvIqfp-I-fn¬\n∂v Nme°pSn sh≈-®m-´hpw Xow]m¿°pw arK-im-ebpw hnt\m-Z-bm-{X-I-fn¬ sjUyqƒ sNøp-∂-h¿ C\n apX¬ emeqcpw AXn- e pƒs∏- S p- Ø - s ´. hnI-k\w Ip∂p-Isf CSn®p \ncØp- t ºmƒ, adp- h - i Øv amen\yØns‚ ae-Iƒ cq]w sIm≈p-∂sX-ß-s\-sb∂v \ΩpsS Ip´n-Iƒ a\- n-em-°s´! sIm√-߃°v apºv tX°n≥ ImSv A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ sImSpw h\-am-bn-cp-∂p. h\y-ar-K-ß-fpsS tLmc-K¿÷-\-Øn¬ A∂v Xr»nh-t]-cq¿ \Spßn hnd-®p. {Inan-\-epI- t fbpw sIme- ] m- X - I n- I - t fbpw Zm£n- W y- a n- √ msX ssIImcyw sNbvX cmPmhv Ip‰-hm-fn-Iƒ°v Iym]n- ‰ ¬ ]Wn- j v s a‚ v Xs∂ hn[n- ® p. Xq°p- I - b - d n¬ hoWp ]nS™v \m°v Xpdn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]Icw in£n-°-s∏-´-hsc sXt° tKm]p- c - Ø ns‚ hmXn¬ Xpd∂v Im´n-te°v hnSp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ]Xnhv . arK- ß ƒ Ah- c psS ]√pw \Jhpw t]mepw _m°n-sh-®n´ns√∂v tNd-∏mbn ^en-Xw. kwKXn \qdp iX-am-\hpw Ct°m-{^-≠ven. amen\y kwkv I - c - W - Ø n\v IqSpX¬ ÿe-am-h-iy-s∏-´p-sIm≠p≈ tIm¿∏-td-js‚ ]{X-∏c - k - yØn\v C\n AYhm anI®v {]Xn-Ic-Wa - p-≠m-bn-s√-¶n¬Øs∂ \ap°v sS≥j≥ ASn-bvt°-≠-Xn-√. \K-cØn-\p-≈n¬Øs∂ \o≠p \nh¿∂p InS-°p-I-bt√ tX°n≥ ImSv ssaXm-\w, G°-dp-I-W-°n-\v, Bh- i y- Ø n\v Af- s ∂- S p- ° ptb

t^mt´m : kt\jv

th≠q. ]pXnb emeq¿ Chn-sS-Øs∂- b m- I - s ´. Nh- d p- h - ≠ n- I - f psS C‘-\-s®-ehpw Ipd-°mw. IpSpw_- { io- ° m¿°v ^v f m‰p- I fn¬\n∂v πmÃnIv sI´p-Iƒ Xq°nsb-Sp-sØ-dn-bm\pw Ffp-∏w. ]t£ sIme-]m-XIn-Ifpw I≈-∑mcpw IS∂p-t]mb sXt° tKm]pcw At∏mƒ Xpd-°p-I, tIm¿∏-tdj≥ kam- P n- I ¿°pw DtZym- K ÿ¿°pw th≠n- b m- b n- c n- ° pw.

tX°n≥ Im´nse \K-c-]-cn-j-Im°m- c - ß ƒ°p- ≈ n¬ hnj- t Ø- ‰ Ifpw amc- I - Z w- j v { S- ß - f p- a mbn Ahsc ISn- ® p- I o- d m≥ emeq- c pIm¿s°m∏w apgp-h≥ Xriq¿°m cpw km£m¬ hS-°p-∂m-Y-\p-ap≠m- I pw. B BtLm- j - Ø n\pw eUp taSn- ° m- \ pw, kphm¿Ø temIw apgp-h-\p-a-dn-bn-°m\pw sms Ab-°m-\p-ambn \ap°v Cu \nIpXn-∏Ww C\n-ap-X¬ Icp-Xn-h°mw

hc : hn.-F-kv. Knco-i≥ {]nb tIc-fobw hmb-\-°mcm/cn,

hcn-kwJy 240/- cq] Ab-®p-X∂v kl-I-cn-°p-a-t√m. IqSmsX kw`m-h\ - , Adn-bn-∏p-Iƒ, hm¿Ø-Iƒ, hni-Ie - \ - ß ƒ XpS-ßn-b-hbpw Ab-®p-X-cp-a-t√m.

tIc-fo-bw, sIm°m-se, Xriq¿-˛21. t^m¨ : 9446576943, 9446586943, 0487-2421385

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 5

t^mt´m : kt\jv

H-t´-sd {]-Xn-k-‘n-I-fp-sS \-Sp-hn¬ \n-∂v h¿-j-ß-fm-bn A[n-Im-c-tI-{µ-Øn-\p t\-sc ka-cw sN-øp-∂- emeq¿ ka-c-°m¿ X-߃-°v tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS-bpw s]m-Xp-P-\ß-fp-sSbpw k-l-IcWw Iq-Sp-X¬ B-h-iy-ap-s≠-∂-Xn-\mepw ta-b-dp-sSbpw a‰pw A-t]£-sb am-\n-®pw I¿°iam-b k-a-c-co-Xn-bn¬ \n-∂v X¬°m-ew ]n≥-am-dp-∂p. CXv k-a-c-°m-cp-sS _-e-lo\-X-bm-bn ta-b¿ Nn-{XoI-cn-®-t∏mƒ A-h¿ A-]-am-\n®-Xv \n-ch-[n k-ac-ap-Jß-fn¬ t]m-c-Sn-®v, tXm‰pw P-bn®pw ap-t∂-dn sI-´n-∏-SpØ I-ayq-Wn-Ãv {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ a-l-Xz-sØbpw ss\-Xn-It_m[sØ-bp-amWv. s]mXpkaq-K-l-Øns‚ ]n¥pW e`n-°mØ coXn-bn¬ Hcp ka-csØ cmjv{So-b-]-c-ambpw kmwkvIm-cnI]c-ambpw XI¿°m≥ {ian-°p∂ A[n-Imch¿§-Øns‚ `c-W-X-{¥sØbpw {]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-sa∂ t]cn¬ apt∂m´v hbv°p∂ I]S Icm-dp-Iƒ°pw ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ P\-Io-b kacw tXSp∂ AXn-Po-h-\-Øns‚ hgn-I-sf-°p-dn®pw Ipdn®v Hcp \nco-£-Ww.


\nco-£Ww

tXm¬-∏n-°s- ∏Sp-tºm-gpw

A-a¿-∂p-I-Øp-∂ em-eq¿Pb≥ ]n.Fw. ""I-b] -v p Ip-dp-°n sam-cn-® _n-k° -v ‰- p-Iƒ s]m´n-b No-\] - f - p-¶p-]m-{X-ßf - n¬ h-®p \o-´p-∂ X-hn-´p \m-´mf-tc \-ap-s°m-cp-an®v s]m-´n-sØ-dn-®k - X -v a- n°-Ww...''

\nc¥-cw tXm‰p-sIm-Sp-°-s∏Sp-∂ k-a-c-ß-fm-Wv P-bn-°p-∂ k-ac-tØ-°mƒ A-]-I-S-Im-cn-sb∂-Xv km- a m- \ yam- b a- \ - i m- k v - { X bp‡nbmWv . A- X v G- X v t\- c hpw ho≠pw kS-Ip-S-s™-gp-t\¬°mw. A-Sßn-sbm-Xp-ßn-sb-∂v I-cpXn-b k-ac - Ø - n-\p-ta-se Bcpw Nm-cp-It- kc-bn-´v hen-b hm-sh-´-hp-am-bn s]-´n2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 1 8

{]-kw-Ka - S- n-t°-≠X - n√. ]-e k-ac - ß - sfbpw A-Sn-s®m-Xp-°p-tºm-tgm, X{¥- ] q¿- ∆ w tXm¬- ∏ n- ° - s ∏- S ptºmtgm k¿°mtcm A-Xn-s‚ D]hn-`m-K-ß-fm-b A-[n-Im-c-tI-{µßtfm sN-øp∂-Xv k-a-c-°m-sc ho≠pw ho≠pw A-ht- l-fn-°pI F∂Xm- W v . A- [ n- I m- c - t I- { µßƒ Ncn{Xtam h¿-Ø-am-\tam a-\-kn-em°m≥ {i-an-°mØ-Xn\m-em-Wv CØcw {]-Xn-Ic-Ww D-b-cp-∂-Xv. sN-ßd-b√ C-hn-sS {]-Xn-]mZyw. Xr-iq-¿ kmw-kv° - mcn-I\-Kc - n- bnse a-[y-h¿§-ßfS°-ap≈ apgp-h≥ t]cpw X-

≈n-hn-Sp-∂ am-en-\y-ß-sf√mw sIm≠n-´v ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-I-fmbn am-en-\y˛Zp¿K-‘h-ml-Ic - m-bn am-td-≠nh∂ em-eq¿-P-\-X-bpsS K-Xnbpw K-Xn-tISp-I-fp-am-Wv ]-c-am¿-in-°p-∂-Xv. \nch-[n ]-Xn-‰m-≠n-s‚ ]-g° - a - p-≈ emeq¿ {]-iv-\w ]-e L-´-Øn-epw {]Xy-£-k-a-c-am-bn s]m-´n-∏p-d-s∏-SpIbpw am-c-tØm¨ N¿-®-s°m-Sphn¬ C-cp-´n\v Hm-´-b-S-°p-tºm-se Xm¬-°m-en-I-]-cn-l-mc-hp-am-bn kacw \n¿-Øn-sh-°p-I-bp-am-Wp-≠mImdv. A-Ø-c-Øn¬ I-gn-™ c-≠paq-∂v am-k-am-bn C-hn-sS ho≠pw k-

a-c-t`-cn ap-gßn. k-a-c-Øn-\v Xo-{h-X G-dp-sa-∂m-bt- ∏mƒ tImSXn AS-°ap≈ k-I-e A-[n-Im-c-tI-{µ-ß-fpsSbpw ]n-¥p-W-bn¬ tIm¿-∏-tdj≥ -A[n-Ir-X¿ tI-W-`y¿-Yn-®-Xns\-Xp-S¿-∂v aq-∂p am-k-tØ-°v kacw \n¿-Øm≥ k-a-c-kan-Xn kzbw Xo-cp-am-\n-®p. F-∂m¬ k-a-cw Xm¬°m-en-Ia - m-bn \n¿-Ønh-®v a-Wn-°qdp-Iƒ I-gn-bp-tºm-tg°pw ta-b¿ AXn-t\m-Sv \-SØn-b {]-Xn-IcWw A-Xy-¥w tJ-Z-I-c-am-bn-t∏mbn. kacw \n¿-Øn-sh-°m≥ k-a-c-°m¿ Xs∂ B-{K-ln-®-n-cp-∂p F-∂m-Wv tab¿ ]-d-™Xv. H-t´-sd {]-Xn-k‘n-I-fp-sS \-Sp-hn¬ \n-∂v h¿-j-ßfm-bn A-[n-Im-c-tI-{µ-Øn-\p t\-sc ka-cw sN-øp-∂-h¿ X-߃-°v tImS-Xn-bp-sS-bpw s]m-Xp-P\ - ß-fp-sSbpw k-l-Ic-Ww Iq-Sp-X¬ B-h-iy-aps≠-∂-Xn-\mepw ta-b-dp-sSbpw a‰pw A-t]£-sb am-\n-®pw I¿°iamb k-ac - c - o-Xn-bn¬ \n-∂v X¬-°m-ew ]n≥-am-dp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. CXv k-a-c°m-cp-sS _-e-lo\-X-bm-bn ta-b¿ Nn-{XoI-cn-®-t∏mƒ A-h¿ A-]-am\n®-Xv \n-ch-[n k-a-c-ap-Jß-fn¬ t]m-c-Sn-®v, tXm‰pw P-bn®pw ap-t∂dn sI-´n-∏-Sp-Ø I-ayq-Wn-Ãv {]-ÿm\-Øn-s‚ a-l-Xz-sØbpw ss\-Xn-It_m[sØ-bp-amWv. kn ]n Fw F∂ {]-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Aw-K-am-b tab¿ \o-Xn-°p-th-≠n-sb-∂v ]m¿-´nXs∂ ]-e-t∏mgpw ]-d-™ H-cp k-acsØ A-]-l-kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. h¿-j-߃-°p ap-ºv I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Imc\mb F hn B-cy≥ sN-b¿-am-\mbn \-bn-® A-tX k-a-cw-X-s∂-bmWv C-sX-∂-Xv ta-b¿°v Hm¿-Ω ImWn-s√-¶n¬ ]m¿-´n-°msc¶nepw ]d™p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-bn-cp∂p. Ct∏mƒ ta-bdpw A-h¿ {]-Xn-\n-[m-\w sN-øp-∂ ]m¿-´nbpw X-øm-dm°n-b Xn-c-°-Y-bv-°-\p-k-cn-®v k-a-c-°m¿ ho-Wp F-∂ B-Àm-Z-amImw Ahsc C-Ø-c-Øn¬ ]-d-bm≥ t{]-cn-∏n®-sX-∂p th-Ww I-cp-Xm≥. \n-ch-[n ka-ct- ]m-cm-´ß - ƒ \o¥n- ° - S - ∂ Xp- s Im- ≠ m- I mw k- a csØ F-ßn-s\ hn-P-bn-∏n°mw F∂p am{X-a√, Fßn-s\ s]m-fn-°mw F-∂ Im-cy-Øn¬ \√ A-h-Km-l-ap≈-h-cm-bpw k-a-ccw-K-ß-fn¬ X-Wem-bn am-td-≠n-bn-cp∂ k-ap-∂-X Iayq-Wn-k‰ -v v {]-ÿm-\amb kn ]n Fw C∂v am-dn-bn-´p-≠v. B-tKm-f-h-Xv-°c-W-k-a-c-sØ B-bmepw H-Sp-hn¬ sN-ß-d-bn-em-bmepw A-Xv kn ]n

^vf- m-‰p-If- n-se am-en\yw A-hc- p-sS tIm-ºu-≠n¬ X-s∂ kw-kv° - c- n-®m-epw emeq-cnse am-en-\y-Øn-s‚ Afhn¬ henb Ipd-hp-≠mIpw. A-Xv \-S-∏m°m≥ ti-jn-bp-≈h¿ tIm¿-∏-td-j-\n¬ C-s√-∂-Xm-Wv kXyw. Xr-iq-cn¬ G-gm-bn-c-tØm-fw ^v-fm-‰p-Iƒ D-s≠-∂m-Wv I-W°v. C-Xntemtcm-∂nepw i-cm-ic- n 150 \-Sp-Øv ap-dn-If- p-ap-≠v. C-h¿ samØ-Øn¬ ]p-dt- Ø-°v hn-Sp∂ am-en-\y-Øn-s‚ Afhv Duln-°m-hp-∂t- X-bp≈q. F-∂m¬ ^vf- m-‰p-Im¿s°-Xn-sc i-–n-°m≥ tIm¿-∏t- dj-\v ss[cyw t]m-sc-∂m-Wv A-dnhv. ImcWw h¿-jØ - n¬ e-£ß - f- p-sS \n-Ip-Xn h-cp-am-\w In´p-∂ GI-t{im-X  - mWv Xr-iq-cn-se ^v-fm-‰p-Iƒ. em-eq-cp-Im¿ X-cp-∂-Xn-s‚ ]-Xn≥-aS-ßv \n-IpXn ^vf- m-‰p-Im¿ X-cp-∂X - n-\m-em-Wv tIm¿-∏t- d-j\ - n-se Po-h\ - ° - m-cp-sS iºfw t]mepw sIm-Sp-°p-∂-sX∂mWv tIƒhn. Fw sX-fn-bn-®n-´p≠v. A-Xn-s‚ G‰hpw ]pXn-b X-{¥am-Wv Xr-iq-cn¬ em-eq¿ k-a-csØ t\-cn-Sp-tºmgpw ISw-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂p hy-‡-am-Wv. ]- X n- ‰ m- ≠ ns‚ ]- g - ° - a p- ≈ emeq¿ hnjbw- BZyw tIm¨-{Kkn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ bp Un F^pw C-t∏mƒ kn ]n F-Ωn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ F¬ Un F^pw tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ A-[n-Im-c-ap-]-tbmKn®v Iq-Sp-X¬ k-¶o¿-Æm-°p-Ib - √msX im-iz-X ]-cn-lm-c-Øn-\v Bcpw {i-an-®-ncp∂n√. em-eq-cn-s‚ Np-‰p-h-´Ømbn 1,500 Hm-fw Ip-Spw-_-ß-fn-embn C-cp-]-Xn-\m-bn-cØn\-SpØv hy‡n-Iƒ A-[n-h-kn-°p-∂p-≠v. 60 sIm√w ap-ºv iIv-X≥X-ºp-cm≥ \mSv`c - n-°p-tºmƒ D≠m-b D-Øc - h - n-s\Xp- S ¿- ∂ m- W v C- h n- s S am- e n\yw \nt£- ] n®p- X p- S - ß n- b n- s X- ¶ n- e pw A∂-sØ ÿn-Xn-b√ C-∂n-hn-Sp-≈Xv. \-K-c-h-Xv-°-c-Whpw Xr-iq-cn-s‚ hn-I-k-\hpw A-Xn-{Zp-Xw ap-t∂-dn-btXm-sS C-hn-sS F-Øp-∂ am-en-\yØn-s‚ Afhpw {I-am-Xo-X-am-bn Db¿∂p, H-∏w A-[n-hk - n-°p-∂h - c - p-sS FÆ-hpw. C-t∏mƒ \-K-c-Øn-se ^vfm-‰p-If - n-sebpw ho-Sp-If - n-sebpw AS°w sam-Øw am-en-\yhpw C-hn-sSbm-Wv X-≈p-∂-Xv. ]-g-°-tadn-b amen\yw Ip-∂p-Iq-Snbpw a-g-°me-Øv No-™f - n™pw k-ao-]h - m-kn-Iƒ-°v I-Sp-Ø Zp-cn-Xw kr-„n-®p-Xp-S-ßn-btXm-sSbmWv- kzm-`m-hn-I-sa∂ \n-ebn¬ k-ao-]-hm-kn-Iƒ {]Xn-I-cn-®pXp-S-ßnbXv. ]-e-t∏mgpw H-‰-bv°pw Iq-´m-bp-ap-≈ Cu {]-Xn-I-c-W-Øns‚ ]n-∂oSp-≈ ssF-Iy-cq-]-am-bmWv 21 h¿-jw apºv em-eq-¿ k-a-c-kan-Xn cq-]w sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. ]n-∂o-Sntßm-´v am-en-\yw a - q-ea - p-≠m-Ip-∂ {]iv-\-߃ cq-£-am-Ip-tºm-sgms°

k-ao]-sØ Ip-Spw-_-ß-ƒ- A-f-s]m´n-bm-se-∂-t]mse ]e-]-e L-´-ßfn¬ k-a-c-hp-am-bn cw-K-sØ-Ømdp≠v. C-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ am-en-\yw aq-eap≠m-b hn-j-hm-bp iz-kn®v aqt∂mfw t]¿ a-cn-°p-I-bpw k-a-cØn¬ s]-´h¿ Pbn-en-e-S-°-s∏-SpIbp- s am- s ° sN- b v X p. tI- k pw Btcm-Ky-{]-iv\-ß-fp-ambn ka-cw hoWpw F-gp-t∂‰pw ap-t∂-dp-∂-Xn\n-S-bn¬ ]-e h-´w tIm-S-Xnbpw aen-\oI-cW - \n-b{- ¥-Wt- _m¿Up-sams° C-h-cp-sS k-lm-bØn-s\-Øn. A-t∏m-sg√mw tIm-S-Xn D-Ø-cp-h-Isf-bpw a-‰p ]-e \n-b-{¥-W-tc-J-Isfbpw ew-Ln-®v tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ apt∂m´vt- ]m-Ip-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. ka-cw Db-cp-tºmƒ A-Xm-Xv k-a-b-ß-fn¬ tIm¿-∏t- dj≥ A-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Xm¬°men-I ]-cn-lm-cw \n¿tZ-in-®v kac-sØ X-Wp-∏n-°pw. sN-dnb sNdnb t\-´-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-sa-¶nepw ho≠pw am-en\yw kr-„n-°p-∂ A-\mtcm-Ky-]-chpw A√m-Ø-Xpam-b {]iv-\-߃ Cu P-\X-sb F-∂pw th´-bm-Sn-bn-cp∂p. A-Xn-s‚ H-Sp-hn-etØ-Xm-Wv C-°-gn-™ a-g-°m-ew apX¬ em-eq-cn¬ ho-≠pw D-S-se-SpØXv. a-g-°me-Øv -{S-©nw-Kv {Ku≠n¬ sh- ≈ - s °- ´ p- ≠ m- I p- I - b pw {ItaW Cu P-ew k-ao]-sØ hoSp-I-fn-te°pw In-W-dp-I-fn-te°pw Ip- Ø n- s bm- g pIp- I - b p- a p- ≠ m- b n. ho≠pw em-eq-cp-Im¿ \n-Xy-Po-hn-XØn-s‚ ]-¶-∏m-Sp-I-sf√mw am-‰nh-®v k-a-c-cw-K-tØ-°v C-d-ßn-bXv CXn\m-emWv. I-Sp-Ø B-tcm-Ky-{]-iv-\w DS-se-Sp-ØtXm-sS a-en-\o-I-c-W-\nb{¥W t_m¿-Uv C-S-s]´p. \n-ch[n In-W-dp-Iƒ D-]-tbm-K-iq-\y-am-bXm-bn A-h¿ I-s≠-Øn. {]-i\ v- w kzIm-cy A-\ym-b-am-bn tIm-S-Xn-bn¬

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 1 9

F-Øn-b-tXm-sS Pn√m-P-Uv-Pn A-t\z-j-W-Øn-\m-bn C-hn-sS FØn. A-Xn-Zm-cp-Wam-b em-eq-cn-se PohnX k-lm-Ncyw t\-cn¬ I-≠ P-Uv-Pn em-eq¿ P-\-Xbp-sS kv] - µ-\w A-dn™p-sIm-≠p-≈ dn-t∏m¿-´v sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ k-a¿-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. em-eq¿ {]iv\ - w \n-b{- ¥n-°m-\m-bn I-eŒ - d - p-sS Np-aX - e - b - p-≈ kan-Xn D-s≠-¶nepw A-hcpw \n- -lm-b-X ]p-e¿Øn. F-∂m¬ ap-sº-∂-tØXp-t]m-se tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ ka-c°m-sc X-Wp-∏n-°m-\m-bn Nn-e Nn-e hm-Km-Z\ - ß - ƒ ap-t∂m-´p h-®p. em-eq-cn-se am-en-\y-߃ ap-gp-h\pw \o-°w sN-øm≥ X-øm-dp-≈ I-º-\n-Iƒ-°m-bn sS≥U¿ hn-fn-®-Xm-bn-cp-∂p AXv. k-a-c-°mcpw I-cp-Xn Aßn-s\-sb-¶nepw am-en\yw C-hn-Sp-∂v \o-°p-sa∂v. \n›n-X-Xn-ø-Xn°-Iw am-en\yw \o-°n-Xp-S-ß-W-sa-∂ tIm-S-Xn-bpsS Hcp DØ-chpw tIm¿-∏-tdj-\v e`n-®ncp-∂p. C-Xn-\n-S-bn-em-Wv kn ]n Fw Pn√m-I-Ωn-‰n ]pXnb X-{¥-hp-am-bn cw-K{- ]-thi-\w sN-øp-∂Xv. am-en\yw em-eq-cn¬ \n-∂v [r-Xn ]n-Sn-®v am-‰p∂-Xv hen-b {]-iv\-ß-fp-≠m-°p-sa-∂pw {]-iv-\w ]-cn-l-cn-°m≥ X-ßfp-sS ]-°¬ Nn-e Xp-dp-∏p-No-´v D-s≠-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂p kn ]n Fw Pn√m-sk-{I-´-dn-bp-sS {]-kv-Xmh-\. k-acØn-t\m-Sv sNdn-sbm-cp A-\p-Xm-]w {]-I-Sn-∏n-®ncp∂ Pn√m-I-evS-sd hn-a¿-in-°m\pw ]m¿-´n sk-{I´dn X-øm-dm-bn. A-t∏mƒ X-s∂ Nn{Xw hy-‡-am-bn-cp-∂p, em-eq¿ am-en\yw C-t∏m-sgm∂pw \o-°n-s√∂v. tIm-SXn-bp-sS \ov-°-sØ- a-dn-I-S-°m-\m-bn a-en-\oI-c-W \nb-{¥-W-t_m¿-Un-s‚ k-lm-bhpw tIm¿-∏-tdj≥ tXSn-bXv CXn-s\-Xp-S¿-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. em-eq-cn¬ \n-∂v am-en-\y-߃ ]p-d-tØ-°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ Ht´-sd ]m-cn-ÿnXn-I {]-iv\ - a - p-≠m-Ip-sa-∂ X-cØ - n-embn-cp-∂p a-en-\o-I-c-W-\n-b{¥-W t_m¿-Un-s‚ \n-co£Ww. sIm-≠n-Sp-∂ ÿe-sØ°p-dn®pw A-hn-SpsØ A-\p-a-Xnbpw hm-ß-Ww. CØ-cw Im-cy-߃ tIm¿-∏t- d-j≥ tIm-SX - n-sb t_m-[y-∏S- p-Øn-bt- Xm-sS Xm¬-°m-en-Ia - m-sb-¶nepw tImS-Xn tIm¿-∏t- dj-\v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn. h¿-j-ß-fm-bn a-en-\oI-c-W \n-b-{¥-Wt_m¿-Un-s‚bpw a‰pw \n-b-a-߃ ew-Ln-®v {]-h¿Øn-°p-∂ em-eq¿ {S-©nw-Mv{- Ku-≠v \n-e\ - n¬-°p-tºmgm-Wv ]p-dt- Ø-°v sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip-∂ {]Xn-k‘ - n-sb-°p-dn-®v B-Ip-es - ∏-Sp-∂Xv. C-Øc - Ø - n¬ I-Sp-Ø h-©\ - m-]c - am-b k-ao]-\w tIm¿-∏t- d-j≥ FSp-Ø-t∏m-gmWv am-en-\y-h-≠n X-S-bp-∂ co-Xn-bn-te°v ka-cw \o-ßn-bX - v. k-ac - ° - m-sc t]m-eo-kn-s\ D-]t- bmKn-®v \o-°m-sa-∂ tImSXn A\p-aXnbpw In-´n-b-tXmsS tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ IqSp-X¬ i‡-cmbn. F∂m¬ _e-{]-tbmKw _p-≤n]c-amb \S-]-Snbm-In-s√∂ va\-kn-em-°nb A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ k-a-c-°msc A-\p-\-bn-∏n-®v aq-∂v am-ktØ°v ka-cw \n¿-Ønsh∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-. _Z¬ ]cn-lmc \o°-߃ s]mfn-°p∂-Xmcv? G-Xv {]-iv\ - hpw ]-cn-lc - n-°m≥ sa-Km-]≤ - X - n-Iƒ X-øm-dm°p-I F∂-Xv B[p-\n-I-Im-esØ D-tZym-Kÿ˛cm-{„o-b ta-J-e-bn-se Xm-∏m-\-Iƒ-°v Xm¬-∏cy-ap-≈ hn-j-b-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠v c-≠p-≠v Im-cy߃. {]-iv-\-Øn-\v Xm¬-°m-en-I-a-sb-¶nepw ]cn-lmc-ap-≠m-Ipw, AØ-cw ]-≤X - n-Iƒ-°m-bn a-dn-bp∂ tImSn-I-fp-sS I-Ωo-j≥ Ir-Xy-am-bn t]m°-‰n-em-Ip-Ibpw sNøpw. C-Øc - w ]-≤X - n-Iƒ ]q¿-Øn-bm-°m-\p-≈ Im-

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 0

hcbpw hcnbpw

d^o°v Al-ΩZv

e-bf-hv G-sd ]n-Sn-°p-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬ D-S-se-Sp-Ø ka-c-tImem-l-e-߃-°v sNdn-b C-Sth-f In-´p-Ibpw sN-øpw. tI-cf-Øn¬ tIm¿-∏t- d-j\ - p-If - nepw ap-\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-Ifnepw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂ G-‰hpw hen-b {]-Xn-k-‘nbm-b am-en-\ykw-kv-°-c-W{]iv\-Ønepw C-tX h≥-In-S- ]cn-lmcam¿-§ß-fmWv A-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ- ap-t∂m-´p-sh-°mdv. H-cp \-K-c-Ønse ap-gp-h≥ am-en-\yhpw H-cp {]-tXy-I ÿe-Øv sIm-≠n´v e£ß-fp-sS Xp-I-bp-≈ sa-jn-\-dn D-]-tbm-Kn-®v kw-kv°-cn-®v h-fam°n am-‰p-∂ {]-{In-bbmWXv. BZy-Im-esØ ka-c-Øn\p ]cn-lm-c-ambn C-tX co-Xn-X-s∂-bm-Wv em-eqcnepw A-[n-Ir-X¿ sN-bv-XXv. am-en\yw kw-kv-°-cn-®v h-fam-°m-\m-bn 63 e-£w Nn-e-h-hn-´v aq∂v Hm¿-ssK-h-dp-Iƒ C-hn-sS ÿm-]n-®p. H-cp h¿-jw I-gn-bp-tºm-tg-°v aq-s∂Æhpw -tI-Sm-bn. CXv h¿j-߃°p apºp≈ IY-bm-Wv. tImSn-Iƒ sN-e-h-gn-® D-]-I-c-W-߃ D-≠m-bn´pw {]-iv-\-Øn\v ]-cn-lm-c-am-bn-s√-¶nepw A-Xn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn ]-e¿°pw e-`n-® I-Ωo-j≥ am{Xw an-®w. t\c-sØ-bpff sajo-\pIƒ dn-∏-b¿ sNøp-∂-Xn\p ]Icw {]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\v ]pXnb ]-e sa-Km-s{]m-P-Iv-‰p-IfmWv ]n∂oSv cwK-sØ-Ønb-Xv. F Un _n ^-≠p-]-tbm-Kn-®p-≈ kp-ÿn-c-\-\-K-c-hnI-k-\-]-≤-Xn(sI.F-kv.bp.Un.]n)bn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn amen\yw kw-kv-°-cn-°m-\p-≈ ]-≤-Xn-bmW-Xv. S¨-I-W-°n\v am-en-\y-߃ kw-kv-°-cn-°p-∂ A©p tIm-Sn-bp-sS ]≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. C-Xp-h-∂mepw em-eq-cn¬ {]-iv-\-߃ Iq-SpI-b√m-sX Ip-d-bn√. Cu ]-≤-Xn h-∂m¬ Xr-iq-cn-\p ]p-dØp-\n-∂p t]mepw am-en\yw C-hn-tS-°v sIm-≠p-h-tc-≠ A-h-ÿ-bp-≠m-Ipw. ]≤-Xn h-∂m¬ 164 S¨ am-en-\y-sa¶n-ep Z-nh-kw th-≠n-h-cpw. \n-e-hn¬ Xr-iq-cn¬ \n-∂v C-hn-

t^mt´m : kt\jv

sS-sb-Øp∂-Xv sh-dpw 58 S¨ am{X-amWv. Cu ]-≤-Xn-s°-Xnsc k-ac-ka - n-Xn-°m- ¿ ]-cm-Xn \¬-In-bn-cp∂p. ]≤-Xn \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\v a-en-\oI-cW \n-b-{¥-W-t_m¿-Un-s‚ Aw-KoIm-chpw e-`n-®n-´n√. F∂n´pw tIm¿∏-td-j≥ C-tX ]-≤-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®v ]-d-bp-tºmƒ Cu saKm s{]mP-IvSnt\mSv tIm¿∏-td-j-\p≈ {]tXyI Xm¬∏cyw F{X- a m{Xam- s W∂v hy‡w. am-en\yw DXvv-`-h-ÿm-\-Øp-h®vXs - ∂ kw-kv° - c - n-°p-I. hn-tI-{µoI-cn®p-sIm-≠v am-en\yw kw-kv° - c - n°p-I, πm-Ãn-Iv \n¿-Ωm¿÷-\w \-SØp-I, i-Iv-X-am-b t_m-[h-Xv-°cWw F-∂nß-s\ Nn-eh - p-Ip-d™ kam-¥c - a - m¿-§ß - ƒ G-sd-bp-≈t- ∏m-gmWv CØ-cw sa-Km-s{]m-PŒ - p-If - p-am-bn tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ cw-K-Øp-h-cp-∂-sXt∂m¿-°W - w. em-eq-cn-se-Øp-∂ amen-\y-Øn¬ sNdn-b Ipdsh¶nepw hcp-Øm≥ Ip-cn-b® - n-db - n¬ h≥ Xp-I Nn- e - h n- ´ v _- t bm- K ym- k v πm‚ v \n¿Ωn®ncp-∂p. \n¿ΩmWw ]q¿Ønbm- b n´v h¿j- ß ƒ I- g n- ™ n´pw CXns‚ {]-h¿-Ø\w XpS-ßnbn´n√. C-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ Pn√-bn¬ am-en\yw hntI-{µo-Ic - n®v kw-k° -v c - n-°m≥ HºXv _-tbm-Kym-kvπ - m‚ v Xp-Sß - p-sa∂v tIm¿∏--td-j≥ CubnsS tImS-Xnsb A-dn-bn-®n-´p-ap≠v. ]-Wn I-gn-™ πm‚ v {]-h¿-Øn-∏n°m-Øh - ¿ Iq-SpX¬ _tbm-Kymkv πm‚p-Iƒ Xp-Sßp-sa-∂v ]-db - p-tºm-gpw F-Un _nbp-sS sa-Km ]-≤-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®pw

\n¿ØmsX ]-d-bp-∂p≠v-. Chn-sSbmWv tIm¿∏-td-js‚ Im]Syw hy‡-am-Ip-∂X - .v tImS-Xnsb sX‰n-≤cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v h≥ ]≤-Xn \-S∏ - m°m≥ Xs∂-bmWv Ch¿ {ian-°p-∂Xv. ^vf - m-‰p-If - n-se am-en\yw A-hc - psS tIm-ºu-≠n¬ X-s∂ kw-k° -v c - n®m-epw emeq-cnse am-en-\y-Øn-s‚ Afhn¬ henb Ipd-hp-≠mIpw. AXv \-S∏ - m-°m≥ ti-jn-bp-≈h¿ tIm¿∏-td-j\ - n¬ C-s√-∂X - m-Wv kXyw. Xriq-cn¬ G-gm-bn-ct- Øm-fw ^vf - m-‰p-Iƒ D-s≠-∂m-Wv I-W°v. C-Xntemtcm∂nepw i-cm-ic - n 150 \-Sp-Øv ap-dn-If - pap-≠.v C-h¿ samØ-Øn¬ ]p-dt- Ø-°v hn-Sp-∂ am-en-\y-Øn-s‚ Afhv Duln°m-hp-∂t- X-bp≈q. F-∂m¬ ^vf - m-‰pIm¿-s°-Xn-sc i-–n-°m≥ tIm¿-∏tdj-\v ss[cyw t]m-sc-∂m-Wv A-dnhv. Imc-Ww h¿-jØ - n¬ e-£ß - f - p-sS \nIp-Xn h-cp-am-\w In´p-∂ GI-t{im-X m-Wv Xr-iq-cn-se ^vf - m-‰p-Iƒ. em-eqcp-Im¿ X-cp-∂X - n-s‚ ]-Xn≥-aS-ßv \nIp-Xn ^vf - m-‰p-Im¿ X-cp-∂X - n-\m-em-Wv tIm¿-∏-td-j-\n-se Po-h-\-°m-cp-sS iº- f w t]mepw sIm- S p- ° p- ∂ sX∂mWv tIƒhn. _-Z¬ am¿-§ß - fp-sS im-k{-v Xo-bam-b \-S∏ - m-°ent\mSv tIm¿∏-td-j\v H´pw Xm¬∏-cy-an-s√∂mWv CØcw Imcy-߃sIm≠v a\kn-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂X - .v ]n-s∂ k-ac-a√m-sX th-sd-¥p-am¿-§w. ka- c - Ø ns‚ _mly- ] n- ¥ p- W s°¥v ]‰n? ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-If - p-sS N-cn-{X-ap-≈ k-

a-ca- m-bn´pw em-eq-cn-se C-t∏m-gs - Ø ka-ca - pJØv em-eq-cp-Im¿ am-{X-am-bn HXp- ß n- b - s X- ¥ m- s W- ∂ Xv kacw Xm¬°m-en-ambn \n¿Øn-sh-°s - ∏-Sp∂ thf-bn¬ Nn¥n-t°-≠X - p≠v. H-cp Ime-Øv {]ap-J F-gp-Øp-Im-cpw kmwkv° - mcn-I {]-h¿-ØI - cpw A-Wn-\n-c∂ k-ac - Ø - n-\v am-[y-aß - ƒ sIm-Sp-°p-∂ {]-[m\yw t]mepw em-eq-cn-\p ]p-dØ - p≈ B-Œn-hn-Ãp-Iƒ sImSp-°p-∂n-s√∂XmWv kXyw. c-≠p aq-∂v am-k° - me-am-bn hy-XykvX - co-Xn-bn¬ em-eq¿ ka-cw \nd-™p-\n∂t∏mƒ kz-bw k∂-≤a- mbn Cu k-ac - Ø - n-t\m-Sv [m¿-ΩnI- ]n-¥p-Wb - pambn FtØ-≠h - ¿ au\Ø - n-em-bs - Xt¥? CØ-cs - amcp sFIythZn DW¿∂p-hc - m-ØX - n¬ \ne-hn¬ k-ac - Ø - nepf-fh - ¿°v th-Z\ - b - p-≠.v emeq¿ ka-cw \-S° - p-tºmƒ tIm¿-∏tdj- \ p ap- º n¬ [¿- Æ \- S - Ø nsb¶nepw Nne¿ sF-Iy-Zm¿Uyw {]ISn-∏n-®p. F∂m¬ k-ac - Ø - n-\v i-‡amb Zn-i \n¿vÆ - b - n-°m≥ C-Ss - ]-Sp-∂X - n\p ]-Icw CØcw CS-s]-Sens‚ IcpØn-√mbva ]cn-tim-[n-t°≠-Xp≠v. emeq¿ ka-csØ s]mXp-hn-jb - a- mbn Db¿Øm≥ _m-ly-hy-‡n-Iƒ°v Xm¬∏-cy-an-√msX t]mtbm? kmw-k° v mcn-I Xm-cß - s - f√mw kn ]n F-Ωns‚ X-We - n¬ \√-]n-≈-I-fm-bn ]p-\c-[n-h-kn-°p-∂ ]pXn-b Ime-Øv CØ-cw k-a-cß-sf Ku-\n-°p-I F∂-Xpw kmw-kv-°mcn-I {]-h¿-Ø-\amImw.

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 1

I¿tΩm-’p-Iam°p∂

hmb-\-°m-cpsS {]Xn-I-c-W-߃ ¢o≥ sIm®n aqhvsa‚v amXrI sk]v‰w-_¿ e°-Øn¬ ""Hcp ^vfm‰v Pohn''bpsS Bi-¶-Ifpw BIp-e-X-Ifpw I≠p. ^vfm‰p-I-fnse amen\yw ^vfm‰pI-fn¬ sh®p Xs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambn kwkvIcn®v hf-am°n am‰p∂ ]≤Xn sIm®nbnse Ccp-\q-dn-tesd ^vfm‰v kap-®-bß-fn¬ \S-∏m-°n-°-gn-™p. a‰p-≈-h¿ Cu ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°m-\p≈ X{X-∏m-Snem- W v . Zp¿K- ‘ tam, a‰v ]m¿iz- ^ - e ßtfm C√msXØs∂bmWv Ah-cnXv sNøp-∂-Xv. hoSp-S-a-Iƒ°v e`n-°p∂ hfw ^v f m‰p- I - f n¬Xs∂ sNSn- I ƒ hf¿Øm≥ XnI-bp-∂n-s√-∂mWv ho´-Ωam-cpsS ]cm-Xn. Cu ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°m≥ ap≥I-sø-Sp-°p-∂Xv tIcf _n¬tUgvkv t^mdhpw sdkn-U≥kv Atkm-kn-tbj-\p-Ifpw Ie-IvS¿ c£m-[n-Im-cn-bp-am-bn´p≈ ¢o≥ sIm®n aqhvsa‚ v a‰p-am-Wv. Hmtcm ho´nepw ssPh-am-en\yw ] q¿Æambn kwkvI-cn-°m-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\hpw ta¬ ]d-™-h¿ {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°n-ØpS- ß n. Cu ]≤- X n- b n¬ Aßv apßn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ c≠p-t]-cpsS t^m¨\º¿ CXmWv. 1. I_o¿ _n. lmcq¨ 9744012318. 2. tPmkv tPmk^v 9447033360 t^mWn¬ kwkm-cn-®-Xp-sIm≠v am{Xw Imcy-am-hn-√. Fd-Wmw-Ipfw hsc

t]mhm\pw Ah¿ sNøp∂ efn-Xhpw A¤p-X-I-chpw Bb {]h¿Ø-\߃I≠v ]Tn- ° m\pw Xøm- d m- h - W w. emeq-cnepw sRfn-b≥]d-ºn-ep-sams° amen\y {]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\v sIm®n tamU¬ {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. N°w I≠sØ {]iv\w hyXy-kvXa - m-Wv. Kpcp-hm-bq-cnse temUvPp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw tlm´-ep-I-fn¬\n∂pw \K-c-k-`-bp-tSbpw tZh- k z- Ø n- s ‚bpw s]mXp- I - ° q- k p- I fn¬ \n∂pw aew ]pd-tØ-s°m-gp-°p-∂XmWv {]iv\-Im-c-Ww. \nbaw A\p-imkn- ° p∂ hn[- Ø n¬ ta¬ ]d™ ÿm]- \ - ß - f n¬ Bh- i y- a mb hep- ∏ Ønepw {]h¿Øn°p-∂-Xp-amb sk]v‰nIv Sm¶p-Iƒ ]WnXv \S-∏m-°nbm¬ Xocp-∂-XmWv N°wI≠w {]iv\w. \nbaw I¿i-\-ambn \S-∏m-°m≥ CsX hsc Kpcp-hm-bq¿ \K-c-k-` -X-øm-dm-bn-´n√. ]cn-lmcw efn-X-am-Wv. \K-c-k-`bv°v C—m-i‡n thW-sa∂v am{Xw. C—mi‡n C√m-Xm-°p-∂X - ns‚ ImcWw AgnaXn Xs∂-sb∂v hy‡w. apkvX^ tZi-aw-K-e-Øn-s‚ "]pXn-b-Imfnµn ]d- b p- ∂ Xv ' kn.Un N°wI≠Øns‚ Zp:J{]iv\ ]cn-lm-chpw hnh-cn°p-∂X - m-Wv. kn.-F-^v. tPm¿÷v, Kpcp-hm-bq¿

hm¿Ø-Iƒ πmhv \Sp∂ Pbs\°pdn-®p≈ tIcfobw teJ\w Dt∑jw Xcp-∂-Xm-bncp-∂p. (F-¥n-\mWv πmhv ac-߃ F∂v D]-tbm-Kn-®-sX∂v a\- n-em-bn√. sXßp- a - c - ß ƒ, amhp- a - c - ß ƒ Fs∂m∂pw ]d-tb-≠X - n-√m-ØX - p-t]mse πmhp-Iƒ F∂v aXn-bm-Ip-at- √m.) {]Xo-£n-°m-s\m-∂p-an√ F∂Xv icnbm-bn-cn-°mw. ]s£ Bfl-lXy Hcp A`-bÿ - m-\a - √ - m-Øn-St- Ømfw {]Xym i DW¿Øp∂ Fs¥-¶nepw D≠mhpI F∂- X n\v {]k- ‡ n- b p- ≠ v . t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-°pI F∂ {]{Inb hn\m-is - Ø-∏‰ - n-bp≈ Adn-hp-]I - c - ¬ am{X-a√ {]tNm-Z\w \¬Ip-∂X - p-am-bncn-t°-≠-X-≠v. kz¥w ap‰Øv Hcp Idn-th-t∏m, sNº-c-Øntbm \´p-shbv°m≥ B teJ\w Ht∂m ct≠m t]sc-sb-¶nepw t{]cn-∏n°pw Xo¿®. IS-If - n¬ \n∂v km[\w hmßn-bn´v πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ th≠ F∂p ]dbp-tºmƒ ]cn-lmkw Ie¿∂ `mhamWv Bfp-Iƒ°v. _rl-Ømb {]iv\߃°v ]cn-lm-ca - m-hp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ IqSn {]iv\ß - f - psS B[nIy-Øn\v \ΩpsS kw`m-h-\sb Ipd-bv°p-I-sb-¶nepw sNøm≥ [mcmfw am¿§-ßf - p-≠.v henb \oXn \ntj-[ß - f - psS hm¿Ø-It- fmsSm∏w sNdnb I¿tΩm-’p-IX - b - psS hm¿Ø-Iƒ C\n-bpw {]Xo-£n-°p∂p. kpP , Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw

aWn-∏q-cn\v \oXn \¬IpI aWn-∏q¿ BwUv t^mgvkv kvs] jy¬ ]thgvkv BIvSv ]n≥h-en-°W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏´v Ctdmw i¿Ωnf \S-Øn-hc - p∂ \ncm-lm-ck - a - cw \hw_¿ 2\v 10 h¿jw ]n∂n-Sp-I-bm-Wv. C°m-e-b-f-hn¬ \nc-h[n XhW Bfl-lX - ym-{i-aØ - n\v tIs -SpØv {Zmh- I - c q- ] - Ø n- e p≈ `£Ww \n¿_-‘n-X-ambn IS-Øn-hn-´mWv Ch-cpsS Poh≥ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xv. kzmX- { ¥y- Ø n\pw A¥-   p≈ Pohn- X - Ø n- \ pw- t h≠n aWn- ∏ q¿ P\-Xb - psS {]t£m-`Ø - nepw Ctdmw i¿Ωn-f-tbmSp≈ sFIy-Zm¿VyØnepw temIØv hnhn[ ]cn-]m-SnIƒ \S-°p-∂p. _‘-߃°v www.manipur.org 09945282056

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dnt∏m¿´v

BZn-hmkn kwc-£W kanXn D∂-Xm-[n-Imc kan-Xn°v ka¿∏n® \nth-Z-\-Ønse {]k‡ `mK-߃

πm®n-aS \jvS-]-cn-lmcw bmYm¿∞y-am-I-Wsa¶n¬ πm®n-aS sFIy-Zm¿Vy kan-Xnbpw BZnhmkn kwc- £ - W - k w- L hpw k¿°mcn\pw D∂-Xm-[n-Im-cIΩn-‰n°pw ka¿∏n® \nth-Z\ - Ø - n¬ Bhiys∏´-Xp-t]mse 1986se ]cn-ÿnXn kwc£-W\ - n-ba - {- ]-Imcw \jvS] - c - n-lmcw CuSm-°p-∂X - n\pw {Inan-\¬Ip-‰Ø - n\v \nb-a\ - S- ] - Sn kzoI-cn-°p-∂X - n-\p-ambn Ãm‰yq-´dn A[n-Im-ca - p≈tXm \nb-a]n≥_-ea - p-≈tXm Bb Hcp AtXm-dn‰n-sbtbm \nb-aÿ - m-]\ - s - Øtbm cq]oI-cn-°p-∂X - n\v F¥p-sIm≠v k¿°m¿ hnap-JX ImWn-°p∂p? 5se tZiob ]cn-ÿnXn {Sn_yq-W¬ BIvSn¬ F¥n-se√mw \jvS] - c - n-lmc-am-hi - y-sa∂v hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p≠v? IjvS-\-jvS-߃ t\cn-tS-≠n-h∂ s]mXp-P\ - ß - ƒ°v Xmsg-]d- b - p∂ Imcy߃°v \jvS] - c - n-lm-ca - m-hi - y-s∏-Sm-hp∂-Xm-Wv. (1) acWw (2) ÿnc-tam, Xm¬°m-en-Itam ]q¿Wtam `mKo-Itam Bb AwK-ssh-Ieyw imco-cnI Ahi-X-Iƒ (3). tcmK-߃, ÿnctam, ]q¿Wtam `mKo-Itam Bb sshI-ey߃ Imc-Wa - m-bp≈ sXmgn¬ hcp-am\-\jvSw (4). tcmK-߃°pw imcocnIA-hi - X - I - ƒ°p≈ NnIn-’m-Nn-ehv (5). kzImcy kzØp-Iƒ°p≈ sISp-XnIfpw \jvSß - f - pw (6). ]men\pw `£ymh-iy-Øn\pw th≠n hf¿Øp∂hb-S°ap≈ arK-k-º-Øn\pw Poh-Pm-e߃°pw kky- k - º - Ø p°ƒ°pap≠mb sISp-Xn, tISv, \miw (7). aÆv,hm-bp, `qan, Pew, XpSßn Bhm-k-hy-hÿ F∂n-h-bn-ep-≠mIp∂ aen-\o-I-c-W-apƒs∏sS tISv, sISpXn, \miw, \jvSw. (8). kzIm-ckz-Øn-\p-]p-dsa, GXv Xcw kzØns‚bpw timj-Whpw \jvShpw.(9). sXmgnen\pw a‰v _nkn-\k - p-If - n-ep≈ \jvSw (10). hnj-P\y aen-\o-Ic - W ]Zm¿∞ß-fpsS ssIImcyw sNø-en¬ \n∂p¬`-hn-°p-∂tXm AXp-ambn _‘s∏-´tXm Bb at‰Xv \jvS] - c - n-lm-cs¢-bnapw.

\jvS] - c - n-lmcw B¿s°√mw Bh-iys∏Smw? Kh¨sa‚n-t\m, Kh¨sa‚ v Un∏m¿´p-sa‚p-Iƒt°m, ]©m-bØ - pIƒt°m, Xt±i A[n-Imc ÿm]-\߃t°m, ˛ hy‡n-Iƒt°m, Xmsg-∏d-bp∂ Imcy-߃°pw \jvS] - c - n-lmcw Bh-iy-s∏-Sm-hp-∂X - m-W.v 1) sISp-Xn-Iƒ°v Zpcn-Xmizmkhpw klmbhpw ]p\-c[ - n-hm-khpw \¬°p-∂X - n\p t\cn´ sNe-hp-Iƒ. 2). ]cn-ÿnXn timj-WØ - n\p \¬tI≠p∂ \jv S - ] - c n- l m- c hpw ]cnkvYnXnbpsS KpW-ta∑ ]p\-ÿm-]n-°p∂-Xn-\S- °w, ]cn-ÿnXn II¿®tbm , tIm´tam t\cn-Sp-∂X - n\p \nb-a] - c- tam `cW-]c - tam Bb \S-]S- n-Iƒ ssIs°m≈p-∂X - n\p t\cn´ sNe-hp-Iƒ. 3). GXv sISp-Xn°pw Imc-Wa- mb {]h¿Ø\-ßf - n¬ \n∂p¬`-hn-®tXm AXp-ambn _‘-s∏-´tXm Bb \jvSh - pw. apI-fn¬ tN¿Ø Imcy-߃°p-]p-dta Xmsg-]d - b - p∂ Imcy-߃°pw IqSn \jvS] - c - n-lmcw Bh-iy-s∏-Sm-hp-∂X - m-W.v 1) ^mIvSdn ]cn-kc - ß - ƒ°-IØpw ]pdØpw ip≤o-Ic - n-°mØ a‰v hkvXp°ƒ F∂o cq]-ßfn¬ amen\yw \nba-hn-cp-≤-ambn ]pd-sØm-gpIp∂-Xns‚bpw \nt£-]n-®X - n-s‚bpw ]c-nW - n-X^-ea- mbn Im≥k¿P-\y-amb hnj-]q¿W L\tem- l - ß - f mb ImUv a n- b w, seUv,F∂n-hI - e - ¿∂ `qK¿`-Pew hnjen-]X v a - m-°p-∂X - ns‚ ^e-ambn aen-\oI-cW - `- o-Xn°pw Im≥kdpw a‰v tcmKßfpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\pw, CXn-s‚sbms° ^e-ambn D≠m-Ip∂ sshImcnI˛am-\k - nI ]ncn-ap-d° - Ø - n\pw ImcW-am-bX - n\v. 2). Zpcn-X_ - m-[nX {]tZ-isØ `qK¿`-Pe- Ø nse L\- t em- l - ß - f psS km∂n≤yw temI-tcm-Ky-kw-L-S\ \njvI¿jn-®n-´p≈ kpc£m ]cn-[nIƒ°IØm-sW-∂mWv Is≠-Øp-∂X - ph-sc-bp≈ apgp-h≥ ]cn-lm-c{- ]-h¿Ø\ sNe-hp-Iƒ°pap≈ \jvS] - c - n-lm-cw.

3). AanXPe-]t- bm-K\ - j - vSØ - n-\p≈ ]cn-lm-cw, hkvXp-hI-Iƒ ho≠pw D]tbm-Kk - ÷ - a - m-°e - n-\p≈ sNe-hp-Iƒ. \jvS] - c - n-lm-cØ - n-\v Ah-Im-ia - p-Xv B¿s°√mw? hy‡n-Iƒ, IpSpw-_ß - ƒ , Ducp-Iƒ, {Kma-߃, ]©m-bØ - p-Iƒ, IpSpw-_tbm-Kß - ƒ, {Kma-k`- I - ƒ, Kh¨sa‚ v Un∏m¿´vsa-‚p-Iƒ F∂n-h¿°v \jvS] - cn-lmcw Bh-iy-s∏-Sm-hp-∂X - m-W.v

πm®n-aS- b - n¬ sXfn-sh-Sp∏p \S∂p k¿°m¿ \ntbm-Kn® D∂-Xm-[nIc kanXn HIv t Sm- _ ¿ 9\v πm®n-a-S-bn¬ sXfn-sh-Sp-∏n-\msb-Øn. sXfn-sh-Sp-∏n¬ {]tZinI P\-X-bpsS `mKØv \n∂pw sIm°-t°mf Iºn-\ns°-Xn-sc-bp≈ ]cm-Xn-IfpsS Hcp IpsØm- g p°pXs∂- b p≠mbn. Ad∂q-dn-e-[nIw \nthZ- \ - ß ƒ s]mXp- P - \ - Ø ns‚ `mKØv \n∂pw kan-Xn°v e`n®p. IpSn-sh≈aq‰epw aen-\o-Ic- W hpw AXv aqe- a p- ≠ mb Btcm- K y- ˛ - k m- a q- l nI {]iv \ ßfpsam° ]cm-XnI-fn¬ t\cn´\p`-hn®h¿ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n´p≠v. sIm°-t°mf D≠m-°nb \jvS-ß-fpsS `qan-im-kv{X-]-cmamb hym]vXn Adn-bp-∂X - n-\mbn c≠m- g v N - b v ° p- ≈ n¬ πm®n- a - S bn¬ kµ¿i\w \S-Øp-sa-∂pw P\-ßsf t\cn¬ ImWpsa-∂pw D∂-Xm-[n-Imc kanXn Adn-bn-®p. Unkw- _ ¿ 31\v apºmbn kanXnbp- s S \n¿t±- i - ß IqSn Dƒs°m-≈n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ dnt∏m¿´v k¿°m-cn\v ka¿∏n-°psa∂pw sI.-P-b-Ip-am¿ sF.-F.F-kv. hy‡-am-°n.

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 2 9

\nb-asØ Ip{]-kn-≤-am-°m≥

]Øv At]£ am{Xw aXn AUz. Bkn-^en hnh-cm-Imi \nb-aw-t]mse P\tIm-Sn-Isf C{X-am{Xw im‡o-Ic - n® \nbaw as‰m-∂n-s√∂v H´p-an° BfpIfpw Icp-Xm≥ ImcWw B\sb ImWpwt]m-se- hnh-cm-Imi \nbasØ ImWp-∂XpsIm-≠mWv. Cu At]-£b - n¬ tNmZyw tNmZn-°p∂ coXn- ° mWv {]m[m- \ yw. Fs‚ tNmZy- Ø n\v e`n- ° p∂ adp- ] Sn kJmhv ]nW-dmbn hnP-b\v e`n-°W-sa-∂n-√. t{]mkn-Iyq-j≥ \S-]Sn XS-k-s∏-Sp∂ coXn-bn¬ hnhcw sImSp-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂v hnh-cmImiw \nb-a-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. s]mXp Xm¬]cyw Ds≠- ¶ n¬ kzImcy hr‡nbpsS kzØn hnhcw Dƒs∏sS D≈h At]-£I - \ - v e`n°m≥ A¿l-X-I-fp-≠v. F√m-bn-\ßfpw t]mse hnh-cm-Imi \nbahpw Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøp-∂-h-cpap≠v . apgp- h ≥ P\- { ]- X n- \ n- [ n- I sfbpw im‡o-Ic - n-°m≥ c≠v hnhcm-Imi At]£ aXn F∂-t]mse \nb-asØ Ip{]-kn-≤a - m-°m≥ ]Øv At]£ am{Xw aXn. hnh- c m- I mi {]h¿Ø\w aq∂p Xc-Øn¬ \S-tØ-≠X - p-≠v. 1. hnhcw ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-hc - m≥ \S]-Sn. AXn-eqsS k¶S \nhrØn. 2. A[n-Im-cn-Iƒs°Xn-sc-bp≈ kac-ambn AXv hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-I. 3. \nba \S-]S- n shdpw hnh-cm-Imi

At]- £ sb kacam¿K- a mbn hf¿Øn sbSp-°p-Ib - mWv th≠-Xv. tImSn- t b- c n- b p- s S HutZym- K nI hkXnbmb a≥tam-l≥ _w•mhv tamSn-]n-Sn-∏n-°m≥ h∂ sNehv , apJy-a{¥n {_o®v Hm^v {]nhn-tePv \S-]-Sn°v hnt[-b-\m-°n. ]n.-sP. tPmk-^ns‚ hnam-\b - m{X hnhm-Za - m°n-bXv as‰mcp At]-£b - m-Wv. a‰v \nb-aß - sf At]-£n®v hnh-cm-h-Imi \nb-a-Øn\v AanX {]`m-ha - p-s≠∂v 22-˛mw hIp-∏n¬ ]dbp-∂p≠v. CX-\p-kc - n®v HutZym-KnI clky \nb-atam dh\yq N´-ßtfm hnh-cm-h-Imi \nba ]cn-[n-bn¬ hnLmX- a mbn hcn- √ . F∂m¬ kwÿm\ hnh-cm-hI - mi IΩo-js‚ {]h¿Ø\w \ncm-im-P-\-I-am-Wv. ]ªnIv C≥^¿ta- j ≥ Hm^ok¿amsc \nb-an-°mt\m sk£≥ \men¬ ]d-bp-∂X - p-t]mse k¿°m¿ Hm^o-kp-If - nse tkh\w {]kn-≤s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv \S-∏m-°m≥ t]mepw IΩo-js‚ CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn-eqsb km[n-®n-√. Xe-ticn kztZinbmb AUz. Bkn-^en hnh-cm-Im-i\ - n-ba-Øn-eqsS Ht´sd hnhm-Zß - ƒ ]pdØp-sIm-≠p-h-∂p. Fw.-]n.amcpsS A‰≥U≥kv, ssI∏-‰nb Ae-h≥ kv, emhven≥ tcJ-Iƒ, a{¥n aµncw tamSn-]n-Sn-∏n® IW-°nse I≈-°fn-Iƒ F∂nh Ch-bn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv.

hnh-cm-h-Imi BIvSn-hn-k-Øn\v ssI∏p-kvXIw hnh-cm-h-Imi BIvSn-hn-Ãp-Ifpw km[m-c-W-°mcpw kz¥-am-t°≠ anI® ssI∏p-kvX-I-amWv hnh-cmh-Imi \nbaw. F¥n\v? Fßs\ D]-tbm-Kn°mw, F∂Xv tIm´-°¬ Ifw cmP≥ ]pkvX-IØn¬ hnh- c n- ° p∂p. Fßs\ hnh-cm-hI - mi At]£ FgpXmw. Fßs\ km[m-cW - ° - m-cs‚ Bhiy-߃ hnh-cm-h-Imi At]-£bn-eqsS t\Sn-sb-Sp°mw F∂Xv efn-X-ambn ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ]dbp∂p. DtZym-K-ÿ-\n¬ \n∂v adp]Sn e`n-s®-¶n¬ BZy ]cm-Xnbpw c≠mw ]cm-Xnbpw Ab-°m-\p≈ amXrI, hni-Z-hn-h-c-߃ F∂nh ]pkvXIw \¬Ip∂p. h - ne 20 cq]. cmP≥, ‘Ifw’, tIm´-bv°¬, ]n.-H., ae-∏pdw ssI∏‰n l

lcn-XZ- ¿i\w

tPm¨kn-bpsS Bfl- I Y t]Pv : 178 hne : 100 cq] amXr-`qan _pIvkv, tImgn-t°mSv

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hni-I-e\w

sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ°n-Sb - n¬ hnh-cm-h-Imi \nb-a-Øn\v \mev hb v {]im¥v ]c-ta-iz-c≥ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv ssltIm¿´v _©v ÿm]n-°m≥ \nb-aa - {¥n hnPb-Ip-am¿ tI{µ \nb-aa - {- ¥m-eb - Ø - n\v Ab® \nth- Z - \ - Ø ns‚ ]I¿∏v Bh- i y- s ∏´v AUz Bkn- ^ en ^b¬ sNbvX At]£ \nb-ah - Ip∏v aS°n Ab-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. IΩo-j\ - n¬ A∏o¬ \¬In \nthZ-\-Øns‚ Xocp-am-\-Øn-s\-Xnsc hIp∏v sslt°m- S - X n- b n¬ dn´v \¬In. \nba \S-]Sn ]ptcm-Ka - n-°p∂-Xn-\nsS tI{µ \nba hIp-∏n\v hnh-cm-h-Imi At]£ \¬In. ]I¿∏v At]-£I - ≥ ssI∏-‰n. hnhcm- h - I mi At]£ t]Sn®v k¿°m¿ \S-Ønb e£-ß-fpsS Zp¿hy-bØ - n\v CXnepw \√ DZm-lcWw as‰m-∂p-an-√. \memw hb- n-se-Ønb hnhcm-hI - mi \nb-aØ - n\v ap∂n¬ sh√phn-fn-It- f-sd-bm-Wv, cmjv{Sob t\Xm°fpw DtZym-Kÿ hrµhpw \nbaw Zp¿_-es - ∏-SpØn hnhcw km[m-cW - °m-c\ - n¬ \n∂v AI-‰p-Ib - m-sW∂ Bt£]w hym]-I-am-Wv. \nb-aØn\v ta¬t\m´w hln- t °≠

kwÿm\ hnh-cm-hI - mi IΩo-j\ - mIs´ _mem-cn-jvSX amdp-∂p-an-√. 2005 HIvtSm-_¿ 12 \v {]m_-eyØn¬ h∂ hnh-cm-h-Imi \nb-aØns‚ {]mY-anI \S-]S- n-{I-aß - f - n¬ ]eXpw k¿°m¿ Hm^o-kp-I-fn¬ C\nbpw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-´n-√. tkh-\߃, ]cm-Xn-s∏-S¬ XpS-ßnb \S]-Sn-{I-a-߃ kw_-‘n® hnhcw k¿°m¿ Hm^o-kn\v apºn¬ ]c-kys∏-Sp-ØW - s - a∂v sk£≥ \men¬ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. CXv C\nbpw \S-∏m-bn´n-√. hnh-cm-hI - mi Hm^o-kd - n-√mØ k¿°m¿ Hm^o-kp-Iƒ Gsd-bm-Wv. Npa-Xe - s - ∏-Sp-Øn-bh - ¿°m-hs´ ^e{]-Za - mb ]cn-io-e\ - hpw \¬Im-\m-bn√. ap≥ k¿°m¿ \S-∏m-°nb 10 cq] tIm¿´v ^o Ãmºv H´n®v ]cmXn F∂ \S-]S- n-{Iaw Hgn-hm°n Nem≥, Un.Un F∂nh H´n-°W - s - a∂v hIp∏p-Iƒ \n¿tZ-in®p XpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. Hcp ^okpw CuSm-°msX hnhcw \¬tI≠ Zmcn-{Zy-tc-Jbv°v Xmsgbp≈h¿°v tªm°v Hm^o-kd - psS {]tXyI km£y-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ thWsa- ∂ mWv Ct∏mƒ IΩojs‚

\memw hb- n-se-Ønb hnh-cmh- I mi \nb- a - Ø n\v ap∂n¬ sh√p-hn-fn-I-tf-sd-bm-Wv, cmjv { Sob t\Xm- ° fpw DtZymKÿ hrµhpw \nbaw Zp¿_-es∏-SpØn hnhcw km[m-c-W-°mc-\n¬ \n∂v AI-‰p-I-bm-sW∂ Bt£]w hym]-I-am-Wv. \nb-aØn\v ta¬t\m´w hln-t°≠ kwÿm\ hnh-cm-h-Imi IΩo-j\m-Is´ _mem-cn-jvSX amdp-∂pan- √ . 2005 HIv t Sm- _ ¿ 12 \v {]m_- e y- Ø n¬ h∂ hnh- c m- h Imi \nb-aØ - ns‚ {]mY-anI \S]- S n- { I- a - ß - f n¬ ]eXpw k¿°m¿ Hm^o- k p- I - f n¬ C\nbpw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-´n-√. imTyw. t\csØ tdj≥Im¿Uv ]I¿∏v am{Xw aXn-bm-bn-cp∂p hnhcm-Imi adp-]Sn ]q¿Æ-ambn Hm^okn¬ \n∂v e`y-as - √-¶n¬ _‘-s∏´ Hm^o-kn-te°v ssIam‰w sNtø≠ DØ-ch - m-ZnØw ]ªnIv C≥^¿taj≥ Hm^o- k ¿°v Ds≠- ∂ mWv \nbaw ]d- b p- ∂ - X v . F∂m¬ At]£ Xncn-®b - ° - p-Ib - mWv DtZymK-ÿ≥. k¿°m¿ Hm^o-kp-If - nse hnh-cm-hI - mi Hm^o-kd - psS adp-]S- nbn¬ Xr]vXn-Ic - a - s - √-¶n¬ hnh-cm-hImi \nbaw 18 {]Imcw At]-£I\v hnh-cm-hI - mi Iao-j\ - n¬ ]cmXn-s∏-Smw. knhn¬ tImSXnbpsS A[n-Im-ca - mWv Cu hIp∏v hnh-cmh-Imi IΩo-j\v \¬Ip-∂X - v. CXp{]-Imcw _‘-s∏-´ DtZym-Kÿ s\ hnfn®p hcp-Øm\pw tcJ-Iƒ ]cntim-[n-°m\pw A[n-Imcw \¬Ip∂p. Cu \nb-a{- ]-Imcw At]-£n°p-∂-h-tcmSv Xnc-°ns‚ t]cn¬ \n -lI - c - n-°p-Ib - m-Wv. hnh- c m- h - I mi Iao- j \v sk£≥ 18 {]Imcw 3676 ]cm-XnIƒ e`n-®n-´p-≠v. 2892 At]-£-Ifn¬ Xo¿∏m-bn. Iao-j\v e`n® 3447 A∏o¬ At]-£I - f - n¬ 2107 FÆØnse Xo¿∏m-°m-\m-bp-≈p. s]mXp A[n-Im-cn-bpsS adp-]Sn Xr]vXn-Ic - a-s√-¶n-emWv A∏o¬ \¬Ip-I. ]cmXnbpw A∏oepw Hgn® _m°n

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm-_¿ 0 7

]cmXn Iao-j≥ "]e-hI' C\-ØnemWv Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p-≈X - v. CØc-Øn¬ 32, 233 At]-£I - ƒ e`n®n-´p-≠v. CXn¬ 31, 928 Dw Xo¿∏m°n. ]e¿°pw e`n-®n-´p-≠v. \nb-a{- ]Imcw "D]- t Z- i n- ° p∂p F∂v ImWn® adp- ] Sn sk£≥ 18 {]Imcw ]cm-Xn-s∏´ ]e¿°w e`n®n-´p-≠v. \nb-a-{]-Imcw "D]-tZ-in°m≥' IΩo-j\v A[n-Im-c-an-√. Xo¿∏m-°n-sb∂v ImWn®v D]-tZin®v hnSp∂ IΩoj≥ kao-]\w icn- b - s √- ∂ mWv hnh- c m- h - I mi {]h¿Ø- I - c psS Bt£- ] w. IqSmsX ]e ]cm-Xn-Ifpw apS-¥≥ \ymbw ]d™v Xncn-®-b-®-Xmbpw ]cm-Xn-bp-≠v. hnh-cm-hI - mi adp-]Sn sshIn- ® - X n\p sX‰mb hnhcw \¬In-bX - n-\p-ambn kwÿm-\a - mbn hnhn[ Hm^o-kp-I-fnse ]ªnIv C≥^¿ta-j≥ Hm^o-k¿am¿s°Xnsc 13,14,250 cq]-bmWv hn[n-®Xv. 101 tIkp-If - n-embn 40 t]¿s°-Xnsc-bmWv Cu \S-]-Sn. 2009 Pq¨ amkw hsc-bp≈ IW-°m-Wn-X.v ]cam- h [n Npa- Ø m- h p∂ ]ng- b mb 25,000 cq] Ccp-]-tXmfw Poh-\°m¿s°-Xnsc hn[n-®n-´p≠v. cmPv`h-\nse Hcp ]ªnIv C≥^¿ta-j≥ Hm^o-k¿°v 25,000 cq] hoXw c≠v XhW ]ng Npa-Øn-bn-´p-≠.v Ign™ G{]n¬ hsc 5, 63, 188 cq] s]mXp JP-\m-hn\v ]ng C\-Øn¬ e-`n-®p. ]ng CuSm-°nb DtZym-Kÿ cn¬ 30 t]¿°v. hnZym-`ymk taJ-eb - nse 18 t]¿°v ]ng Npa-Øn. 2006 P\p- h cn apX- e mWv kwÿm-\Øv Iao-j≥ {]h¿Ø\w XpS-ßn-bX - v. aq∂p h¿jsØ IΩoj≥ {]h¿Ø\ sNehv 3,24,27,900 cq]-bm-Wv. 2006 ˛ 07 ¬ iº-fb - n-\Øn¬ 40,83,000 cq]bpw Hm^okv \S-Øn-∏n\v 66,89,000 cq]bpw sNehn-´n-´p-≠v. 2007˛08¬ 84,23,000 cq] iº- f - Ø n- \ pw, 42,28,000 cq] Hm^okv \S-Øn-∏n\pw Nne-hn-´p. 2008-˛09 Ime-b-f-hn¬ bYm-{Iaw 1,14,50,000 cq]bpw 35,75,000 cq]-bpamWv Cu C\-Øn¬ Nne-hv. 2006˛07¬ 22,220 At]-£-bmWv hnhn[ k¿°m¿ Hm^o-kp-I-fn¬ e`n-®-sX¶n¬ 2007-˛08 Ime-b-f-hn¬ 1,13,157 2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 0 8

Bbn. A©n- c ´n h¿[- \ . Cu h¿jsØ IW-°p-Iƒ e`y-a-√. hnh-cm-hI - mi At]-£I - sf kw_‘n® hnhcw h¿jm- ¥ y- Ø n¬ IΩo-js\ Adn-bn-°-W-sa-∂mWv N´w. BZy-L-´-Øn¬ CXn¬ hnapJX D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ct∏mƒ Adn-bn®pXpS-ßn-sb∂v A[n-Ir-X¿ hy‡-am-°n. IΩo-j≥ ae-∏p-dØv \S-Ønb kn‰nw-Kn-emWv hnh-cm-hImi At]-£I - ƒ s]mXp-Xm¬]cy-tØm-Sp-IqSn thW-sa∂ \n¿t±iw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bX - v. s]mXp Xm¬]cy-sa∂ \n¿h-N\w Xs∂ hni-Zo-IcWw IqSp-X¬ thW-sa-∂n-cns° IΩo-js\-Xnscbp≈ \o°-߃°v XS-bn-Sm\pw hnh-cm-hI - mi At]-£Isf Xf¿Øm-\pw am{Xsa AXv D]I-cn°psh∂v kwÿm\ hnh-cm-hImi Iq´m-ba v b - psS IW-ho-\¿ Ifw cmP ≥ ]d-bp-∂p. CXn-s\-Xnsc hym]-Ia - mbn {]N-cWw \S-Øm\pw Iq´mbva \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-®p-hc - p-∂p-≠.v tI{µ ˛ kwÿm\ k¿°mcp-Im¿°v tIkp-Iƒ tIƒ°m≥ {]tXyIw _©p-Iƒ cq]-h-XvI-cn°m≥ A[n- I m- c - a n- s √∂ tI{µ k¿°m- c ns‚ DØ- c - h n- d - ß n- b Xv IΩo-js‚ {]h¿Ø-\ß - sf _m[n°p-sa-∂mWv hne-bn-cp-ج. \nehn¬ aq∂v C≥^¿ta-j≥ IΩo-jW¿amcpw Hcp No^v C≥^¿ta-j≥ IΩo-jW - dpw AS-ßp-∂- C≥^¿ta-

j≥ IΩo-j\mWv kwÿm\ NpaX- e . \ne- h n¬ Hmtcm IΩo- j W¿am¿°pw ]cmXn tI´v Xo¿∏v I¬∏n-°mw. F∂m¬ Ign™ sabv amkØn¬ Cd-ßnb tI{µ DØ-cthmsS ]q¿W s_©n\v am{Xsa tIkp-Iƒ Xo¿∏m-°m≥ A[n-Im-cap-≠m-Ip. CXv IΩoj\v apºn¬ IqSp- X ¬ tIkp- I ƒ sI´n- ° n- S °ms\ D]-I-cn-°p-I-bp-≈p-sh∂v hnh-cm-hI - mi BIvSnhn-Ãmb AUz. Un.-_n. _n\p A`n-{]m-bs∏´p. hnh-cm-hI - mi AIn-Sn-hn-Ãp-Ifmb {]h¿Ø-I¿ \memw hm¿jnI BtLmjn°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw IΩoj≥ Be-ky-Øn-emWv. CØ-hW Zn\m-Nc - W - ß - tfm BtLm-jß - tfm Cs√∂v hnh-cm-h-Imi IΩo-j≥ Hm^o-kn¬ \n∂v Adn-bn-®p. 75 cmjv{S-ß-fn¬ hnh-cm-hImi \nbaw \S-∏n-em-°n-bn-´p-≠v. 1766 ¬ kzoU\n-emWv \nbaw BZyw \S-∏m-°n-bXv BtKmfhXvI-cW bpK-Øn¬ kpXm-cyX k¿°m¿ kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬ Dd-∏m-°m-\mWv \nbaw Cu cmPy-ßf - n¬ \S-∏m-°nb-Xv. C¥y-bn¬ 2005 PqWn-emWv \nb-a-Øns‚ Kk‰v hn⁄m-]\w h∂-Xv. \nbaw ]q¿W-ambn ^e-{]m]vXn-bn-se-Øn-bn-s√-¶nepw \meph¿j-Øn-\nsS aqSn-sh-°s - ∏´ ]e bmYm¿Yy-ßt- fbpw ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠ph-cm≥ Cu \nbaw sIm≠v Ign-™p.

hnh-cm-h-Imi t]mcm-´-w sIm®n : hnh-cm-hI - mi \nb-a{- ]-Im-ca - p≈ IW-°p-Iƒ hnhm-Zß - f - m-Iptºmƒ AXn-\p-]n-∂nse ÿnc km∂n-[y-amWv AUz. Un._n. _n\p. "Z lyqa≥ ssd‰vkv Un^≥kv' t^md-Øns‚ t]mcmfn. DtZym-Kÿ hrµ-Øns‚ Aew-`m-hØ - n\v ]pd-sI-°qSn Ah¿°v ]c-am-h[n ]ng in£ \¬Inb Nne-cpsS t]cp-If - n¬ AUz. Un._n. _n\p-hp-ap≠v. amdmSv IΩo-j≥ dnt∏m¿´v hnh-cm-hI - mi \nb-a{- ]-Imcw \¬Im≥ B`y-¥c hIp∏v hnk-ΩX - n-®t- ∏mƒ t]mcm-´Ø - n-eqsS hnh-cm-hI - mi IΩo-j≥ DØ-ch - n-eqsS dnt∏m¿´v kz¥-am°n _lp-P\ - k - a - £w Ah-Xc - n-∏n®p. Ipºfw Acq¿ A\-[n-Ir-Xa - mbn tZiob ]mXm AtXm-dn‰n ]ncn® tSmfnse I≈-°-fn-Iƒ lyqa≥ ssd‰vkv Un^≥kv t^mdw shfn®Øv sIm≠p-h∂p. CXp-t]m-se-Øs - ∂-bm-bn-cp∂p ]pXp-s]m-∂m\n ]me-Øn-t‚bpw Ahÿ. ]me-߃ ]Wn-bm-\m-hi - y-amb XpI tSmƒ ]ncn-hn¬ e`n-®n´pw tZiob ]mXm AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS Iogn¬ Chn-Sß - fn¬ tSmƒ ]ncnhv XpS-cp-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. CØcw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øe - p-Iƒ Un._n. _n\p-hns‚ t]mcm-´ß - f - n¬ Nne-Xp-am{Xw. anI® hnh-cm-hImi {]h¿Ø-I\ - p≈ GXm\pw ]pc-kI v m-cß - fpw Ct±lw kz¥-am°n.

sNßd kacw : a[y-h¿Øn-Iƒs°-Xnsc Zen-X¿ Pm{K-X ]m-en-°-Ww KoXm-\-µ≥ Fw. sNßd ka-cØ - ns‚ ]cym-hk - m\w kΩn-{i-amb {]Xn-I-c-W-ß-fmWv tIc-f-Øn¬ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. sNßd kac t\Xr-Xz-apƒs∏sS hen-sbmcp hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ HØpXo¿∏n¬ kºq¿Æ Xr]v X - c - √ . kacw HØp-Xo¿Ø `cW/{]Xn]£ t\Xm-°fpw Imcy-amb AhIm-i-hm-Z-߃ D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWp-∂n-√. F¥m-bmepw tIc-fØnse `qc-ln-Xc - p-sS, hnti-jn®pw ZenXv BZn-hmkn P\-hn-`m-Kß - f - psS Irjn-`q-an-sb∂ Bhiyw, apJy-]c - nK-W\ - b - p≈ Hcp hnj-ba - mbn Gs‰Sp-°m≥ Xøm-d√ F∂mWv HØpXo¿∏n-eqsS `c-W˛- {- ]-Xn-]£ t\XrXz-߃ H‰-s°-´mbn hy‡-am-°n-bncn- ° p- ∂ - X v . CXv tIc- f - Ø nse ZenXv˛BZn-hmkn P\-hn-`m-K-ßsfbpw tIc-fØ - ns‚ kº-ZvL - S- \ - bn¬ KpW-Ic - a - mb am‰-߃ thWsa∂ Xm¬∏cyw sh®p-]p-e¿Øp∂ s]mXp-k-aq-l-Ønse hen-sbmcp hn`mKw Bfp-Is - fbpw \ncm-is - ∏-SpØn-bn-´p--≠.v ZenXv P\-hn-`m-Kß - f - psS `q{]-iv\-Øn-\p≈ ]cn-lm-c-ambn sNßd HØp-Xo¿∏v ]cn-KW - n-°m≥ Ign-bn√ F∂mWv _lp-`q-cn-]£w BZn-hmkn ˛ ZenXv kwL-S\ - I - fpw hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂X - v.

`q]-cn-jvIc - W - hpw ]pXnb apt∂-‰-ßfpw 70 Ifnse `q]-cn-jvI-c-WØn\v tijw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ hnI- k n∏n® tIcf tamU- e ns‚ D¬∏-∂-amWv tIc-f-Ønse Zen-Xv˛ BZn-hmkn tImf-\n-Iƒ. Irjn-`qan-tbm-sSm∏w ssIam‰w sNø-s∏´ ASn-aI - f - mb AbnØ PmXn-°m¿°v `q]-cn-jvIc - Ww A\p-hZ- n-®Xv ""IpSnIn-S∏ - mWv.'' ]m´-°p-Sn-bm-∑m¿°v `qan-

bn¬ ÿncm-h-Imiw \evIp-tºmƒ, `qan-bnepw ASn-ab - nepw A[n-Im-ca - p≠m-bn-cp∂ P∑n-h¿§-߃ Abn-ØPm-Xn-°msc IpSn-bn-d-°n-hn-Sm-Xn-cn°m-\p≈ D]m-[n-bm-bmWv ""IpSn-InS∏'-'-h-Imiw AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xv. Iq´p-Ip-Spw_ hyh-ÿ-bn¬ Ign™n-cp∂ Zen-Xc - nse Krl-\m-Ys\ tI{µ-ambn AwKo-Ic - n® IpSn-In-S∏ - neqsS Zen-Xv˛ BZn-hmkn kaq-lØnse sNdn- s bmcp iX- a m\w IpSpw- _ - ß ƒ°v aq∂v sk‚pw A©v sk‚pw \evIn F∂-XmWv `q]-cn-jvIc - W - Ø - nse ]ptcm-Ka - \ - ] - c-amb \S-]-Sn. an®-`qan hnX-cWw Hcp {]l-k-\-ambn amdn-b-t∏mƒ, Zen-Xv˛ BZn-hmkn P\-hn-`m-K-ßfpsS Irjn- ` q- a n°v th≠n- b p≈ i‡amb Xzc tIc- f - Ø n¬ Ign™ Zi-I-ß-fn¬ kwL-Sn-X-cq]-am¿÷n-®n-´p-≠v. 90 ˛ Iƒ apX¬ tIc-fØ - n¬ Db¿∂p h∂ \nc-h[n BZn-hmkn `qk-a-c-ßfpw, 2000˛2001 Ime-L-´-Øn¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ hym]I-ambn \S∂ ]´nWn ac-Wßsf XpS¿∂p≈ sk{I-´d - n-tb‰v ]Sn-°¬ \S∂ IpSn- s I- ´ ¬ ka- c hpw kwÿm\ Xe-Øn¬ \S∂ BZnhm-kn-If - psS Db¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏pw, apØ-ß-h\ `qan-bn¬ BZn-hm-knIƒ \S-Ønb Ah-Imi ÿm]-\k-ac - hpw, a‰v \nc-h[n Zen-Xv˛ BZnhmkn ka-c-ß-fp-sSbpw XpS¿®bmWv sNßd ka-cw. sNßd kacsØ XpS¿∂v tIc-f-Ønse BZnhmkn ˛ ZenXv kaqlw hn]p-e-amb Hcp sFIy-th-Zn-bn¬ AWn-\n-c°m\pw Zen-X¿°pw `qc-ln-X¿°pw Irjn-`qan \evIn-s°m-≠p≈ c≠mw `q]-cn-jvI-c-W-sa∂ cmjv{So-b-amb Bhiyw Db¿Øn tIc-f-Øn-seºmSpw sXcp-hn-en-dßn F∂Xpw

{it≤-ba - m-Wv. 20 e£-tØmfw ZenXv - ˛ - B - Z n- h mkn P\- h n- ` m- K - ß ƒ ta¬sNm∂ Bh- i y- a p- b ¿Øn sXcp-hn-en-dßn F∂mWv IW-°m°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ZenXv BZn-hmkn kaqlw B¿÷n- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n°p∂ cmjv{So-b-amb ]Iz-X-bpw, Hcp kap-Zm-b-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ AXv \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ kwL-Sn-Xamb hne-t]-iepw apØß apX¬ sNßd hsc FØn \n¬°p∂ Zen-Xv˛ BZn-hmkn A\p-`h - ß - f - psS A\-¥c ^e-am-Wv.

apØß apX¬ sNßd hsc sNßd ka-c-Øns‚ ]cyh- k m\w F¥p- X - s ∂- b m- b mepw sNß- d - k - a cw tIc- f - Ø nse cmjv{Sob hyh-lm-c-Øn¬ auen-Iamb Ht´sd hnj-b-߃ D∂-bn®p Ign-™n-´p-≠v. apØßbn¬ BZnhm-kn-Isf ASn-®-a¿Øm≥ tIc-fØnse `cW {]Xn-]£ t\Xr-Xzßfpw tIc- f - Ø nse a[y- h ¿§ a\ pw D]-tbm-Ks - ∏-Sp-Øn-bXv h\`q- a n- b p- s Sbpw {]Ir- X n- k ºØns‚bpw kwc- £ - W - a m- W v . ]mh-s∏´ BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS NpSptNmc Ipsd-b-[nIw Hgp-In-b-Xn\v tijsa- ¶ nepw Ct∏mƒ h\m- h Imi \nbaw tZio- b - X - e - Ø n¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´p. Ct∏mƒ `cW˛{]Xn-]£ cmjv{So-b° - mcpw ]cn-ÿn-Xn-°mcpw h\mh-Imi-\n-ba - Ø - ns‚ \S-Øn-∏pIm-cmWv. apØß-bnse 750 Hmfw BZn-hm-kn-Isf Ip‰-hn-Nm-cW - bv°v hnt[- b - a m- ° n- s °m- ≠ mWv Ch¿ h\m-h-Im-i-\n-baw Npa∂v \S-°p∂Xv F∂Xv as‰mcp Imcyw. AXntesd A]-lm-kyam-bXv apØß

2 0 0 9 HIvtSm-_¿ 0 5

h\-`q-an-bn-eqsS cm{XnImeØpw bm{Xm- k zm- X - { ¥y- Ø n\v th≠n Ch¿ I£n-cm-jv{Sob-t`-Z-sat\y \nb-a-bp≤w XpS-cp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. Cu hnhm- Z - ß ƒ°n- S - b n- s e- √ mw kuI-cy-]q¿∆w Ch¿ ad∂pI-f-bp∂Xv -`c-W-L-S-\-bnse Zfn-Xv-˛-B-Znhmkn kwc£- W - h - I p- ∏ p- I fpw, {]kvXpX hIp-∏p-Iƒ ap≥\n¿Øn Ah¿ \¬Inb Dd-∏p-Ifpw Icm-dpam-Wv.2001 HIvtSm-_-dn¬ tIc-fk¿°m¿ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcp Dd∏v \¬In-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn-s\-°pdn®v hfsc hnZ-Kv[-am-bmWv CS-Xp]-£hpw, {]Xn-]£ - t- \-Xmhpw Htct∏mse Hm¿Ω-°p-dhv ImWn-°p-∂Xv.- AXp- s Im- ≠ mWv sNßd {]iv \ w HØp- X o¿∏m- ° p- t ºmƒ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°v th≠n ]pXnb Nne Xocp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-Ø-Xv. F-¥mbmepw sNß-d-k-acw Db¿Ønb {]iv\sØ t\cn-Sm≥ hn.-F-kv.-ANyp- X m- \ - µ \pw DΩ≥Nm- ≠ n°pw Cu \m´nse a[y-h¿§ _p≤n-PohnIƒ°pw ]cn-ÿvXn-bpsS apJmh-cWw AWn™p-sIm≠v cwK-Øph-cm≥ Ign-™n-√.- Imc-Ww, G-tÉv kº-Zvhy-h-ÿ-bpsS Zfn-Xv-˛-B-Znhmknhncp≤ kz`m-hsØ sNß-dk-acw tIc-f-Øn¬ kPo-h-ambn Db¿Øn- s °m- ≠ p- h - ∂ p.- t I- c - f Ønse `qc- l n- X ¿°v \¬Im≥ Irjn- ` qanb√ F∂ hmZsØ kacw Xpd-∂p-Im-´n. apØ-ß-bnse ASn-®-a¿Ø-en-eqsS C\n kacw sNø- c pXv F∂v Idp- Ø - h ¿§°m¿°v `c- W m- [ n- I m- c n- I ƒ \¬Inb ktµ-i-sØ- a-dn-I-S∂v, Zen-X¿°v kacw sNømw F∂ Ah- t _m[w sNß- d - k - a cw hf¿Øn- s b- S p- Ø n- ´ p- ≠ v . - fml tKm]m-e-t‚bpw sNß-d-`q-c-ln-X-cptSbpw {]k‡n AXm-Wv. `qka-c-Øns‚ km[y-X-Ifpw ]cnan-Xn-Ifpw CS-Xp-]-£-`-c-W-°mesa∂Xv `qan-bpsS {]iv\w `c-WXe CS-s]-S¬hgn G‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬ Xpd-∂p-Im-´-s∏´ Ime-L-´-am-Wv.-apJy-a{¥n hn.-F-kv.-A-Nyp-Xm-\-µs‚ CS- s ]- S ¬h- g nbpw IΩo- j ≥ dnt∏m¿´pIƒ hgnbpw `qan-bpsS 2 0 0 9 HIvtSm_¿ 0 6

e`y-X-bpsS {]iv\w ]pd-Øp-s°m≠p-h-∂n-´p-≠v.-tZ-iob Xe-Øn¬ \µn{Kmw Dƒs∏sSbp≈ taJ-e-Ifnse sNdp-Øp-\n-ev]n-eqsS CSXp˛ heXp {]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS {]Xym-{Ia-W-ßsf sNdp-°m-\p≈ cmjv{Sob-amb ]n≥_-ehpw sNß-d-k-a-cØn\v In´n-bn-cp-∂p.-ap-Øß kw`-hØn- \ p- t ijw ae- b mfn kaqlw B¿÷n® A]t_m[hpw ka-cØn- \ - \ p- I q- e - a mb kml- N cyw krjvSn-®n-cp-∂p.-F-√m-‰n\pw ]pdsa tIc- f - Ø nse ZfnXv ˛ B- Z n- h mkn kaqlw kwL-Sn-X-ambn sNß-d-kacw D∂-bn® hnj-bsØ cmjv{Sobambn Gs‰-Sp-°m\pw apt∂m-´p-h∂ - ncp- ∂ p.Cu km[y- X - I sf ]q¿Æambpw fml-tKm-]m-e\pw ka-c-t\Xr-Xz-Øn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ign™n-s√∂v am{X-a-√, ka-csØ Hcp kzX{¥ ZfnXv ka-c-ambn bp‡nk-la-- mbn ]cy-h-km-\-Øn-se-Øn°p-∂-Xnepw t\Xr-Xz-Øn\v ]mfn-®Iƒ kw`-hn-®-Xmbn ImWmw.ASnÿm-\-]-c-ambn Hcp kzX{¥ ZfnXv ka-c-am-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒØs∂, tIcf-Ønse kwL-SnX BZn-hmkn ˛ ZfnXv apt∂- ‰ - ß - f n¬ \n∂pw th¿s∏-SpØn CS-Xp-]-£-hn-a¿i-Icp-sSbpw, a[y-h¿§-_p-≤n-Po-hn-I-fpsSbpw `q{]iv\-sØ-°p-dn®v auenI-amb \ne-]m-Sn-√mØ Fkv.-bp.kn.sF t]mep≈ -kwLS\-I-fpsSbpw, {]Xn-]-£-]m¿´n-I-fp-tSbpw cmjv{So-b-amb \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ ka-cØns‚ HØp-Xo¿∏n¬ kzm[o-\n®p F∂v ImWmw. ta¬sNm∂ ]n¥pW- ° m- c n¬ Bcpw Xs∂ ZfnXv {]iv\sØ tIc-f-Øns‚ cmjv{Sob-{]-iv\-hp-ambn _‘n-∏n®v ]cnlmcw \n¿t±-in-°p-∂-h-c-√.sNß-d{]iv\w sNß-d-bnse `qc-ln-Xsc `qan-bn¬\n∂pw Cd-°n-s°m≠v ]cnlmcw ImW-W-sa∂v Icp-Xp-∂-hcmWv Ch-sc-√mw.-am-{X-a-√, ZfnXv ˛ BZn-hmkn {]iv\sØ Hcp kaq-lØnse s]mXp- h mb {]iv\sa∂\ne-bn¬ ]cn-lmcw \n¿t±-in°m-\p≈ tijntbm B¿÷-htam Ch¿°n- √ - X m- \ pw. Bb- X n- \ m¬, HØp-Xo¿∏v F¥p-X-s∂-bm-bmepw sNß-d-bnse `qc-ln-X-cpw, fml-

tKm- ] m- e \pw kacw XpS- t c- ≠ nhcpw.tI-c-f-Ønse apgp-h≥ Zfn-Xcp-sSbpw `q{]-iv\ß - f - p-sS-Xe - Ø - n¬ \n∂v {]iv\sØ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøm\pw Ah¿°v Ign-bWw. H‰s∏´ IpSn¬sI-´¬ ka-cØn\v C∂v {]k-‡n-bn-√. 2001 se BZn-hmkn IpSn¬sI´n kacw apgph≥ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ°pw _m[-Iamb Hcp kmap-Zm-bnI ˛ cmjv{Sob ]cn-lm-ca - mWv \n¿t±-in-®X - v. AØc-Øn-ep≈ Hcp Xo¿∏p-ap-≠m-bn. AXv ewLn°s∏- ´ - s ∏m- g p- ≠ mb {]Xo-Im-fl-I-amb Hcp {]t£m`w am{X-amWv apØß ka-cw. Icmdns\ ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-°m≥ ka-cØn\v Ign-™n-´p-≠v. `qk-a-c-߃, {]tXy-In®pw apØ-ßbv°v tijw, GXm\pw IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS hnj-bsa∂ \ne-bn¬ IpSn¬sI´n ]cnlmcw ImWm≥ Ign-bn-√. AØcw ka-c-ß-fpsS ]c-am-h[n km[yX an®-`qan hnX-c-W-am-Wv. Zen-X-cpsS Hcp kmap-Zm-bnI cmjv{Sob {]iv\sa∂ \ne- b nepw tIc- f o- b - c psS {]iv \ - h p- s a∂ \ne- b n¬ CXv t\m°n-°m-Wm≥ Ign-b-Ww. hn]pe-am-b ka-c-ap-∂-Wn-bmWv CXn-\mh-iyw. ZenXv ASn-Ø-d-bn¬ \n∂v AXv km[y-hp-am-I-Ww.

With best compliments from CENTRE FOR POST GRADUATE STUDIES

North Bus Stand Thrissur-20. Ph : 2338983, 6950675 e-mail : [email protected]

Keraleeyam Rs. 10/-

2009 October

Registered KL/CR/TCR/353/2009-11 Posted at Thrissur RMS/2 on 20 & 21/10/2009

t\m_¬k-Ωm\w

πm®n-aS ka-c-Øn\v sI.B¿. a\p-jy-hw-ihpw ]mcn-ÿnXn-Ih - y-hÿ - bpw XΩn-ep≈ kwthZ\-Øn\pw AXp-hgn sh≈w, ImSv, a’y-kº - Øv, h\-ta-Je apX-emb {]Ir- X n- h n- ` - h - ß - f psS XpS¿∂v sIm≠p-t]m-Im-hp∂ ]¶p-sh-°e - n\pap≈ Kth- j - W - ] - c n- { i- a ߃°mWv Fen-t\m¿ Hmkvt{Sman\v CØ-hW - sØ kmº-Øn-Ii - m-k{v XØn-\p≈ t\m_¬ kΩm\w e`n°p-∂Xv. `qtem-IØ - ns‚ ]e-`m-Kß - fnepw ]cn-ÿnXn {]iv\ß - ƒ cq£ambnsIm≠n-cn-°p∂ C°m-eØv Ahsb Fßs\ t\cn-S-W-sa∂v Adn-bm-hp∂ Nne¿ t]mepw AXv {]mtbm- K n- I - X - e - Ø n¬ sIm≠phcm≥ hnap-Jc - m-Wv. ^etam, \ap°p- N p‰pw Po¿Æ- k n- ≤ m- ¥ - ß ƒ Ip∂p-Iq-Sp-Ibpw ]cn-ÿnXn {]iv\߃ IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿W-am-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Fen-t\m¿ Hmkvt{Smw s‚ Ip´n-°mew , ]≠sØ"" t{K‰v Un{∏j≥'' c≠mw temI-bp-≤Ø - n-s‚bpw Ime-ØmWv IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv . Poh- k - ‘ m- c - W - Ø n\v Ahiyw th≠- X mb LS- I - ß ƒt]mepw km[m-cWP\-߃°v A{]m-]y-am-bncp∂ Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. `£-Whn-`h - ß - ƒ `p¿e-`a - m-bn-cp∂ A°meØv Ah¿ ]mS-Øv [m\y-ßfpw ]®-°-dn-Ifpw Irjn-sNbvXv an®w h∂ hnf-hp-Iƒ Ab-ev°m¿°pth≠n hcpw \mfp-If - n-te-bv°mbn Sn∂n-eS- ®p kq£n-®p. a‰p P\-ßtfm- S ∏w s]mXp- k - a q- l - K p- W ߃°mbn Zo¿L-Im-em-Sn-ÿm-\Øn¬ hym]r-Xb - m-hm≥ Cu {]hrØn-bm-Wh¿°v {]tNm-Z-\-am-b-Xv. ]n∂o-Sp≈ Ah-cpsS imkv{Xob ]T-\ß - ƒ°pw Kth-jW - {- ]-h¿Ø-\߃°pw bmYm¿∞y t_m[w \¬In-bXv Cu Irjn-]c - n-Nb - a - m-bncp∂p F∂v \n w-ibw ]d-bmw.

IqSp-X¬ k¥p-en-Xa - mb ka{K- h n- I - k \Øn- \ p≈ X{¥- ß ƒ Bhn-jI v c - n-t°-≠k - a - b - a - m-Wn-sX∂v Ah¿ Du∂n-∏d- b - p-∂p. ]≠v CØcw X{¥-ßf - psS A`m-hØ - n¬ h≥\-Kc-ßfmWv hnI-k\ {]`-ht- I-{µ-ßsf∂p IcpXn {KmaoW \∑sb ]pdtIm-´S- n-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p ]Xn-hv. Hcp GIapJ ]cn- ÿ nXnhni- I - e \ ]≤Xn DSt\ cq]n-Ic - n-t°-≠n-bn-cn°p- ∂ p. \n¿ΩmW ]≤- X n- I ƒ, am¿°-‰p-Iƒ , kn‰nIƒ XpS-ßnb _rlXv kwc-`ß - ƒ°p-≈ Ic-Sp-Isfms° Cu hni- I - e \- Ø n\p tijta N¿® sNø-s∏-Sm-hq. In´mhp-∂ {]K¤yw apgp-h-\p-]-tbm-Kn®p≈ DØ-ch - m-ZnXz Iq´mb F√mta-Je - I - f - nepw \n¿_-‘a - mbpw \S∏m-t°-≠X - m-Wv. a\pjy- X z- Ø ns‚ G‰hpw at\m-lc apJ-am-bncn°pw CØ-cØ - nep≈ kvt\lm-Xp-ca - m-b- km-ºØ - nI-imkv{Xw ImWn-®p-Xc - p-∂Xv. a\pjy-]p-tcmK-Xn°v ""s]mXp-hn-`h'' ßfpsS \n¿ÆmbI `mK-t[-bs - Ø°p-dn®v Ah¿ FSpØp ]d-bp-∂p. a’y-kº - Øv, Pem-ib - ] - ≤ - X - n-Iƒ, s]mXp-im-kv{X-k-Xy-߃ F∂n-hsbms° kzm¿∞-Xm¬]-cy-°m¿ C°-≠° - mew apgp-h≥ em`-s°m-XnbpsS t]cn¬ Aan-XN - q-jWw sNøpI-bm-bn-cp∂p. H∂p-In¬ k¿°mcns‚ tI{µo-Ir-X-\n-b-{¥-Wtam As√-¶n¬ hn`-hß - f - psS kzIm-cyh¬°- W tam Bbn- c p∂p Cu cwKsØ ]c-ºc - m-KX ka-\z-bc - oXn-Iƒ. ]t£ Fen-t\m¿ ]d-b] - ∂Xv hn`-hß - f - psS D]t`m‡m-°ƒ BcmtWm Ah-cp-sS-sb√mw klIc-Wm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ Iq´m-bvabmWv G‰hpw DZm-Ø-amb aq∂masØ am¿§w F∂mWv. \nc-h[n {]tem-`-\-߃°pw hyh-ÿm-]nX

XmXv]c - y-߃°pw CS-bn¬ kaq-lØn¬ ]c-k] v cw CS-]g- In {]hr-Øn°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ Fßs\ Zo¿LIm- e m- S n- ÿ m- \ - Ø n¬ kwbp‡ KpW-߃ kz¥-am°mw F∂-XmWv Chn- S sØ G‰hpw{][m- \ - s ∏´ {]iv\w. Fßs\ kwip-‘-amb A¿∏-Wt- _m[w D≠m-°n-sb-Sp°mw F∂-XmWv Chn-SsØ sh√p-hnfn. \ne-hnfnep≈ s]mXp-XX - z-ßf - psS kmam-\y-h¬°-cW - ß - f - n-ep≈ A]I-SsØ Ah¿ Nq≠n-°m´p-∂p. ""Kth-Wnßv Zn tIma¨kv'', ""A≠¿Ãm‰nMv C≥Ãn-‰yp-j-W¬ ssUth-gvkn‰n'' F∂o ]pkvX-ßfn¬ s]mXphn`-ßf - psS D]-t`m-‡m°-fmb kaq-l-ß-fƒ°v Ahsb Zo¿L-°m-em-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Fß s\ ]cn-]m-en°mw F∂v hnh-cn-°p∂p. hnZym¿∞n-°ƒ°pw hnZ-Kv[¿ °pw Hcp-t]mse klm-b-I-c-amWv Hmkvt{Sm-ans‚ Cu ]pkvX-I-ßsf∂v \ncq-]I - ¿ A`n-{]m-bs - ∏-Sp-∂p. πm®n- a - S - b nse kwbp‡ kac kanXn Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ an\naw Unam‚p- I - f p- s em- ∂ mWv IpSnsh≈apƒs∏sSbp≈ {]Ir-Xn-hn-`h - ß-fpsS \n¿Wm-bm-hI - miw Xt±-ikzbw`c-Wÿ - m\ßfn¬ \n£n-]X v am-°-W-sa∂pw AXn-\m-h-iy-ambn \nb-a\ - n¿ΩmWw thW-sa∂pw Xs∂bmWv. `c-Wta[m-hn-Xzhpw kzIm-cyh¬°-cW - hpw Hcp-t]mse {]Ir-Xnhn-`ß - f - psS hn\m-iØ - n-\m-sW∂pw KpW-t`m-‡m-°-fn-te-°p≈ A[nImc hntI-{µo-Ic - W - a - mWv G‰hpw D¬Ir-jvS-amb _Z¬kw-hn-[m-\sa∂v kzoUojv A°mZan-t]mepw AwKo-I-cn-bv°p-tºmƒ t\m_¬ kΩm\Øm¬ BZ-cn-b° v s - ∏-Sp-∂Xv, AXns‚ hnim-ea - m-bA - ¿∞-Øn¬ πm®na-Sk - a - c - k - a - n-Xn-Xs - ∂-bm-W.v

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