Kala Bagh Dam

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Presentation Topic

Kala Bagh Dam Presented To

Ms Farhat Jabeen 2

Our Group Muhammad Usman Aamir Shahbaz

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Usman Younis

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Ahmad Arslan Butt Abu Turab

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Sohail Ashraf 40

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History • Kalabagh became small state ruled by Nawab after the collapse of Mughal Empire. • Sikhs conquered the Kalabagh state in 1822 but later British restored the Kalabagh state after they defeated the Sikhs in Second Anglo-Sikh War of 1848 and 1849. • Historically Kalabagh remained a famous Awan stronghold in the district. 5

History • Malik Atta Muhammad Khan (father of Malik Amir Muhammad Khan) was declared "Khan Bahadur" during the colonial period and Kalabagh and the surrounding areas were granted as a "Jagir" to him. • After the independence of Pakistan the seventh Nawab of Kalabagh, Malik Amir Muhammad Khan became governor of West Pakistan. 6

• According to the PC-II of the Project "KBD was initiated by GOP in 1953 • until 1973, the project was basically considered as a storage project for meeting the irrigation needs • The project planning report, circulated in March 84, tried to establish the technical and economic feasibility of the project • The feasibility study and documentation have cost the GOP around one billion rupees so far. 7

Introduction of Kalabagh Kalabagh — Town and union council — Country Pakistan Region

Punjab

District & Tehsil

Mianwali District

• Kalabagh (‫ )کال باغ‬a town and union council of Mianwali District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. 8

Introduction……… • It is located on the western bank of Indus River. • It is the site of the proposed Kalabagh Dam . • It is also famous for its red hills of the salt range and scenic view of the Indus River traversing through the hills. • It also produces handicrafts especially footwear and Makhadi Halwa.

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Kalabagh Dam Key Facts Dam type

Earthfill

Height (above riverbed)

79 m

Length

3,3352 m

Area at retention level

164 square miles (420 km2)

Catchment area

110,500 square miles (286,000 km2)

Gross storage capacity

7,900,000 acre foot (9.74 km3)

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Live storage capacity

6,100,000 acre foot (7.52 km3)

Dead storage

1,800,000 acre foot (2.22 km3)

Retention level

915 feet (279 m) amsl

Main spillway capacity

1,070,000 cubic feet per second (30,000 m3/s)

Design flood discharge

1,920,000 cubic feet per second (54,000 m3/s)

Hydropower generation

3.6 GW

Maximum discharge

1,200,000 cubic feet per second (34,000 m3/s) (in 1929)

Total volume of dam

34,000,000 cubic yards (26,000,000 m3)

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Causes/Reasons •

All Pakistanis agree that Pakistan faces a severe water shortage, and that some form of water management must be implemented soon.

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To eliminate and control the flood peaks in the River Indus so as to minimize flood hazards downstream.

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To compensate for the storage loss due to the silting up of exiting reservoirs till such time that their substitutes, are actually available.

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To generate large amounts of low cost hydro electric power.

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To provide additional storage on the Indus River, and thus reduce the exiting system shortfalls in irrigation requirements. 13

• A lot of publicity is being made that a huge quantity of about 36MAF is flowing to the sea on the average which should be utilized by building new storages like Kalabagh Dam. • The effects of Kalabagh dam on agricultural production, such as tobacco, sugarcane and maize. 14

• Reducing dependence on imported fuels. • Additional water from Kalabagh can enhance crop production in three ways – by irrigating new land – by enhancing cropping intensity on existing land – by enhancing yields 15

Advantages •

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Electricity Production: –

KBD would supply cheap hydro-electric power to the whole country.

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KBD would produce almost 3.6 GW

The non-agriculturist factor would be trained in various trades in the Training Institutes to be established in the Model Village. 16

• Employment opportunities – Almost 35000 direct and indirect

• Dam will provide water for irrigation of four million acres: – 380,000 acres in Minawali, Khushab and Jehlam – 2150000 acres in D I Khan

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• Water Reservation – 6.65 MAF water annually • Kalabagh Dam as only a storage dam to offset the storage loss of Tarbela and Mangla Dams, due to sedimentation.

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Disadvantages • National food security would be jeopardized, thus subjecting the economy to additional burden of importing food grains. • Water logging of Punjab’s and NWFP’s cultivated land.

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• The annual energy generated at Kalabagh is equivalent to 20 million barrels of oil. This annual import of fuel for thermal generation, including augmentation of transportation infrastructure, would be an additional burden to the economy. • The dam will also have adverse impacts on the environment. 20

• It will also displace a large number of people. – 34,000 in NWFP. – 59,000 in Punjab.

• Telecommunication, power lines and gas lines also required relocation. • 182,000 acres of productive land will be lost under the reservoir.

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Provinces Point of View

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Punjab’s View • Pakistan hasn't built the dam and has also barrened a large area of Punjab province by taking out three rivers. • Punjab's view is also based on the fact that a dam of above 3GW production can finish all the energy crisis of Pakistan. • Punjab has also agreed not to claim any royalty on generation of resources from Kalabagh dam, yet they are not trusted by other provinces 23

Sindh’s View • Sindh objects that their share of the Indus water will be curtailed as water from the Kalabagh will go to irrigate farmlands in Punjab and NWFP, at their cost. • With the construction of dams, such as Mangla Dam and Tarbela Dam across the Indus, Sindhis fear that there simply is not enough water for another large dam across the Indus, let alone three.

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• Sindhis hold that their rights as the lower riparian have precedence according to international water distribution law. • Sindh’s claim that even the earlier 1991 Indus Water-Sharing Accord, the document already guaranteed by the constitutional body, the Council of Common Interests, has been violated, and that Punjab has "stolen" their water. 25

NWFP’s View • The fact that the NWFP will suffer the adverse consequences of the reservoir but not get royalties is seen as unfair. • Concerns that large areas of Nowshera District would be submerged by the dam and even wider areas would suffer from waterlogging and salinity as has occurred with the Tarbela Dam. 26

Balochistan’s View • The Baloch are not directly affected by the dam as such – most nationalist Baloch Sardars see the dam as another instance of Punjab lording it over the smaller provinces. – By opposing the dam they are signalling their disaffection with being the poorest province and most neglected of all in development. 27

Barriers for KBD • Trust deficit between the Punjab on one side and the other three provinces on the other. • It would still take at least eight years to complete and commission such a large dam. In the meantime, the water situation would continue to worsen. • Smaller dams, barrages, and canals must be built before that, and water conservation techniques introduced. 28

• One of the reasons for creating controversy and difference of opinion on the project is attributed to WAPDA’s failure to adequately consult the provinces at the project planning and design stage • Cost of Project is increasing continuously from the time of its announcements. – At present he dam is expected to cost around US $ 8 billion 29

Present Situation • Government of Pakistan formed a technical committee, headed by A. N. G. Abbasi, to study the technical merits of the Kalabagh dam. The four-volume technical report concluded that Bhasha dam should be built before Kalabagh, further complicating matters. • On the 26th of May 2008, Federal Minister for Water and Power of Pakistan Raja Pervez Ashraf (PPP)has said that Kalabagh Dam will not be constructed. 30

• Raja Parvez Ashraf said due totechnical report, opposition from NWFP, Sindh and other stakeholder, the project is no longer feasible. • The Prime Minister of Pakistan, Syed Yousuf Raza Gillani announced that the fate of the project would be decided by a plebiscite. • The decision came after Pakistan faced extreme power crisis and acute water shortages. The government is currently finding alternative locations for the dam. 31

Suggestions

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• Pakistan depends almost entirely on the flows of Indus System for surface water supplies for its requirements of irrigated agriculture so Kalabagh Dam must be built. • Water is God gifted asset for any country. In future mostly economy will be depend in the water so their should be a project to reserve the water for future use and Kala Bagh Dam is our one of the biggest project which can solve this problem. 33

• At this time of trouble people of Pakistan should show the unity and should support the project which is in favor of whole economy by sating a side their personal grudges. • Pakistan is an agriculture country and its more then 65% families are engaged with it so they need water to grow crops so their should be a irrigation system that can support our economy so it should be built. 34

• Recently Pakistan purchased Rental Power project which is a great burden on the economy of Pakistan, so as we all know that Kala Bagh Dam can produce electricity at cheap rate so it should be built. • The dam can provide more then 35,000 direct and indirect jobs opportunities and with the construction of Kala Bagh Dam there can be established a Model Village and with its help our non agriculture sector can also progress.

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Conclusion Kalabagh dam has both positive and negative effects for our nation but positives are more then negatives because in present and near future our economy depend on a large dam like Kalabagh so it should be built on top priority basis. 36

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