Jan ('06)-11 - Spoken English

iII

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

Damodar: Hi, Krupakar, I couldn't see you the whole of yesterday. What were you doing? (

éπ%-§ƒéπ-®˝, E†oçû√ †’´¤y éπ-E°œç-îª-™‰-ü¿’, àç îËÆæ’h-Ø√o´¤?)

Krupakar: Busy playing the game - making as many sentences as we could - with my sister and prabhakar. ( Sister, prabhakar Game Sentences Form Busy

´÷

ûÓ éπLÆœ

-Ç-úø’-ûª÷ áEo O©-®·ûË ÅEo îËÆæ÷h ÖçúÕ-§Úߪ÷) Damodar: What game was that? (àç

í¬

Game?) Krupakar: You find the game in the hundredth lesson of spoken english. It's a simple game - forming sentences, as many as we can by adding suitable words after 'be' forms and action words - sentences to be not only statements but also questions, both types, 'wh' and 'non wh' questions, with not and never too...

4) How well Rupa sings that song! 5) The teacher never made a joke

É™« áEo Sentences îËߪ’-í∫-©®Ó îª÷úøçúÕ. ûª®√yûª ÆæÈ®j† ´÷ô©’ îËJa Sentences extend îËߪ’çúÕ. eg: 1) Vineet bought a book at the college stores. 2) When did Naresh meet you to give you the book. 3) She does not like me because I do not like her. 4) How well Rupa sings that song from the movie, nuvvu naaku nachau. 5) The teacher never made a joke while teaching.

É™«çöÀ sentences O’®Ω’ O’ friends etc., ûÓ îËߪ’çúÕ. I, We, You, he, she, it and ûÓ èπÿú≈ sentences îËߪ’çúÕ.

practice they

u

u

u

Renuka: Urmila, why don't you lend me the book. I have to prepare for the exam the day after tomorrow. exam prepare Urmila: Sorry Renuka, Bhoomika has taken it away. She has to prepare for the exam as well. You are a little late.

(Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç é¬Ææh É≤ƒh-¢√? á©’xçúÕ Å¢√Lq ÖçC.)

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

101

-≤Ú-´’¢√®Ωç 23 -ï-†-´-J 2006

èπ◊

'be' forms. Have to be, has to be,

OöÀ

must be, should be. (Have to be/ has to be - I, we, you and

´Ææ’hçC. He, ûÓ has to be ´Ææ’hçC.) -O-ô-Eoç-öÀéÀ Å®Ωnç – Öçú≈L – ÅE. ÅC äéπJ Çïc (command) é¬´îª ’a, NCµ (duty) é¬´îª ’a, necessity (Å´-Ææ®Ωç) 鬴a.

they subjects

ûÓ

have to be

(éπFÆæç Í®°æ-öÀ-ÈéjØ√ -Å-ûª-úø’ -Åéπ\-úø’ç-ú≈L. ™‰èπ◊çõ‰ Å´-鬨¡ç éÓ™p-û√úø’. – necessity.) ÉC èπÿú≈ í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ. Pramod: I am happy to have got the job, Sir.

she and it subjects

When have I to be here to report for duty, Sir? (Job

´*a-†ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ÆæçûÓ≠æçí¬ ÖçC. îËߪ’-ú≈-EéÀ/ Duty™ Join Å´-ö«-EéÀ á°æ¤-púø’ ®√-¢√-©çúŒ Ééπ\-úÕéÀ?) (Have to be Ééπ\úø duty E ûÁ©’°æ¤ûª’çC.) Report

Have to be, has to be, should be, must be =

Öçú≈L,

present

™í¬F,

future

™í¬E.

Vinod: Let me go. I have to be at home in ten

Prasanth: You have to be here by 9.30 every-

minutes. Dad will be angry if I am late.

day.

(††’o ¢Á∞¡xF. ؈’ 10 EN’-≥ƒ™x Éçöx Öçú≈L. ™‰èπ◊ç-õ‰ ´÷ Ø√†oèπ◊ éÓ°æç ´Ææ’hçC)

(9.30 éπ-™«x Ééπ\-úø’ç-ú≈-L- †’´¤y.

You have to be here till 5.30 in the evening. (

È®çúø÷

I have to prepare

5.30 ´®Ωèπÿ Öçú≈L– Ñ

commands.) Your colleague

too, has to be here at the same time.

(F Ææ£æ«Ù-üÓuT èπÿú≈ ÅçûË. Ééπ\úø command.)

has to be

Pramod: I will start work now itself sir,

(î√-™« Simple game ÅC. sub + verbverb 'be' form Ŵa, action word Ŵa, ü∆E ûª®√yûª ´÷ô©’ îË®Ω’a-èπ◊çô÷ §Ú-´ôç– Sentences statements ´÷vûª¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, Questions, Exclamations èπÿú≈. Questions È®çúø’ ®Ω鬩 Questions – 'wh' words ûÓ 'non wh' words ûÓ èπÿú≈. ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈, not ûÓ never ûÓ èπÿú≈) Damodar: Was that so? O I missed the game. How many sentences were you able to frame? game miss Sentences

(Å™«í¬? Å®·ûË Øˆ’ Åߪ÷u†’. O’È®Eo í¬®Ω’?)

îËߪ’-í∫-L-

Krupakar: We didn't count, but we were able to make a good number. We have understood that we can improve our english by this kind of practice more than by reading books on spoken english.

(™„éπ\°ôd-™‰ü¿’ é¬F î√™«ØË î˨»ç. Spoken english O’ü¿ books îªü¿-´ôç éπçõ‰ É™«çöÀ practice ü∆y®√ØË English ¶«í¬ ´÷ö«x-úøôç ´Ææ’hç-ü¿E Å®Ωn-¢Á’içC) °j Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-†oô’d, practice ´©x confidence °®Ω-í∫-ô¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, English Ææ£æ«-ïçí¬ ´÷ö«x-úøôç Å©-¢√-ô-´¤-ûª’çC. v°æA-®ÓW Friends ûÓ Ñ game practice îËߪ’çúÕ. Ñ Lesson ™ éÌClí¬ ûËú≈ûÓ É™«çöÀ game ÉçéÓöÀ îª÷ü∆lç. O’èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’– verbs ™ È®çúø’®Ω鬩’. ¢Á·ü¿-öÀC 'love' ™«çöÀN. OöÀéÀ á´-JE, üËEE v°æ¨¡o ¢ËÆæ’èπ◊çõ‰ ¢√∞¡x†’ ÅØÓ, ü∆EE ÅØÓ Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ´Ææ’hçC. È®çúÓ ®Ωé¬--E-N - walk (†-úø-´ôç) ™«çöÀN. á´-JE †úø-´ôç, üËE-E †úø-´ôç Åçõ‰ Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ®√ü¿’ éπü∆. Ñ≤ƒJ game ™ ¢Á·ü¿öÀ ®Ωéπç verbs ûÓ sentences îËߪ’çúÕ. statements ´÷vûª¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, questions, exclamations ûÓ Ææ£æ…, Not/ never ûÓ èπÿú≈ O’èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ-†Eo verbs ûÓ á†o-®·ûË ÅEo. eg: 1) Vineet bought a book 2) When did Naresh meet you? 3) She doesnot like me (at all)

Spoken English

(Sorry, exam prepare Renuka: I thought of buying the book yesterday, but I had to take mom to hospital, so I didn't find the time. I must get the book somehow. Otherwise I'll be doing very badly in the exam. book hospital

¶µº÷N’éπ Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç BÆæ’Èé-R}ç-C. ûª†’èπ◊ Å¢√y-©E.) èπÿú≈

(E†oØË éÌØ√-©E ņ’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’, é¬E èπ◊ BÆæ’Èé∞«}Lq ´÷ Å´’t†’ ´*açC. é̆-™‰-éπ-§Úߪ÷. ᙫíÓ äéπ-™«í¬ Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç ûÁa-éÓ-¢√L ؈’. ™‰éπ-§ÚûË á©’xçúÕ exam -¶«í¬ ®√-ߪ’-™‰éπ-§Ú-û√--†’-.)

Urmila: I must pay the fees today. Today is the last date. I should go to the bank and get the money. fees Bank Renuka: That's true. We must submit exam applications by tomorrow. That's the rule. Exam applications submit rule.) Urmila: The applications should have the signature of the parent or the guardian, shouldn't it? (Application parent/ guardian

(É¢√∞¡ ®ÓV.

éπ-ö«dL ؈’. -É-¢√-∞Ï -*-´-J èπ◊ ¢Á∞«xL, úø•’s ûÁa-éÓ-¢√L.)

(Eï¢Ë’.

Í®°æöÀ ™°æ©

îÁߪ÷uL. ÅüË

™ Ææçûªéπç Öçú≈L, éπü∆?)

Renuka: Yes, that's the rule. Further we must mention the amount paid, and enclose the fee receipt. clear fee receipt Urmila: OK then. Bye. I must hurry.

(ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈, áçûª úø•’s éπöÀdçD í¬ ü∆-E-ûÓ ïûª-°æ®Ω-î√L.) ûÁ-©-§ƒ-L,

(´≤ƒh Å®·ûË. ؈’ -ûªy®ΩΩ-°æ-ú≈L.) Ñ Ææ綵«-≠æù™E sentences †’ í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ. 1) I have to prepare 2) She has to prepare 3) I had to take 4) I must get 5) I must pay 6) We must submit 7) The application should have the signature 8) We must mention. sentences verbs: have to + 1st RDW; has to + 1st RDW; had to + 1st RDW; must + 1st RDW; should + 1st RDW

°j

™E

.

Have to/ has to, had to, must, should rule

É´Fo èπÿú≈ NCµí¬, v°æ鬮Ωç, ûª°æp-E-Ææ-Jí¬ îËߪ÷-Lq† °æ†’-©†’ ûÁ©’°æ¤û√®·.

-§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ..

because I have to be thorough with

Suman: Hari too has to be at home in ten minutes. He doesn't like to miss the serial. Isn't it so, Hari?

my job.

(£æ«J èπÿú≈ 10 EN’-≥ƒ-©èπ◊ Éçöx M. SURESAN Öçú≈L. Åûª-úÕéÀ serial miss Å´ôç É≠ædç-™‰ü¿’. ÅçûË éπü∆ £æ«J?) Hari:

That's right. I have to hurry now. Bye. (

Eï¢Ë’. ؈’ -ûªy®ΩΩ-°æ-ú≈L)

Suman: Don't forget tomorrow's exam time. You have to be at the centre by 9.45

(Í®°æ¤ exam time ´’®Ω-*-§Ú-éπçúÕ. O’®Ω-éπ\úø 9.45 éπ-™«x Öçú≈L) Ééπ\úø îª÷¨»ç éπü∆. Present ™í¬F, future ™í¬F 'Öçú≈L— ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ have to be/ has to be ¢√ú≈ç. äéπ Order / Command ´©x, NCµ ´©x (Åçõ‰ Duty), ™‰éπ§ÚûË Å´-Ææ®Ωç (Necessity) ´©x Öçú≈Lq´ÊÆh, Å°æ¤púø’ Have to be/ has to be ¢√úøû√ç. a) O’®Ω’ 10éπ-™«x office ™ Öçú≈L. You have to be at office by 10 (Command) b)

(؈’ É°æ¤púË v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµ-≤ƒh†’. áçü¿’-éπçõ‰ Ø√ °æE ؈’ èπ~◊ùoçí¬ ûÁ©’Ææ’éÓ-¢√L éπü∆ (Ééπ\úø have to be - necessity). I understand I have to be at office for atleast 6 hours. (éπFÆæç 6 í∫çô©ÊÆ°æ-®·Ø√ office ™ Öçú≈-©E Ø√èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’. Ééπ\úø have to be NCµE ûÁ©’°æ¤ûÓçC éπü∆.) Now practice the following in English: Kranthi:

†’´¤y éπFÆæç ´’üµ∆u£æ«oç È®çúø’ í∫çô© ´®Ω-ÈéjØ√ Ééπ\-úø’ç-ú≈L, Å®Ωn-´’-®·çü∆? Shanthi: Yes, Madam. Ñ®Ó-ñ‰é¬-ü¿’, Í®°æ¤ -èπÿú≈ ÉüË ¢Ë∞¡™x Ééπ\-úø’ç-ú≈-©E ûÁ©’Ææ’ madam. Kranthi: Watchman ûÓ îÁ°æ¤p, Åûª-Eç-é¬Ææh ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬ Öçú≈L ÅE; pass Ö†o¢√∞¡’x ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ™°æ© Öçú≈-©-F. Shanthi: Ok, Madam. Åûª-E-éπ\úø 8 í∫çô©´®Ωèπÿ Öçú≈-©E èπÿú≈ îÁ§ƒh†’. Kranthi: OK. ñ«ví∫ûªh. Ø√èπ◊ meeting ÖçC. Åéπ\úø ؈’ 1.30 éπçû√ Öçú≈L. ØËØÌîËa ÆæJéÀ files ÅFo ready Å®·-Öç-ú≈L. ûÁL-Æœçü∆? Shanthi: Readyí¬ Öçö«®·, madam.

v°æA ÖüÓuT 10 †’ç* 5´®Ωèπ◊ Office ™ Öçú≈L

Answer:

Every employee has to be in the office

Kranthi: You have to be here till atleast 2 in the

from 10 to 5 (Command)

afternoon, understand?

c) I have to be at office by 10.

؈’ 10éπ-™«x

office

™ Öçú≈L.

Shanthi: Yes, Madam. I Understand too, that (Duty =

NCµ)

d) She has to be at office for a minimum of Six hours.

not only today, but also tomorrow I have to be here during the same time. Kranthi: Tell the watchman that he has to be a

(-Ç-¢Á’ éπFÆæç 6 í∫çô-©-ÊÆ-°jØ√ Office ™ Öçú≈L = Duty/ NCµ)

little more careful, that only those who

e) I have to be at the station at 2 or I shall

Shanthi: Ok, Madam. I will tell him too that he

miss the train.

؈’

station

-™ È®çúÕçöÀéÀ Öçú≈L. ™‰èπ◊çõ‰ Å´¤-û√†’. (ÉC necessity, Åçõ‰ Å´-Ææ®Ωç éπü∆) train miss

f) He has to be here atleast by tomorrow.

have passes have to be here. has to be here till 8 o'clock. Kranthi: Ok. Be careful. I have a meeting. I have to be there by 1.30. By the time I return all the files must be ready. Shanthi: They shall be, madam.

Otherwise he will miss the chance.

URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm