Human Factor 3

HUMAN FACTORS CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Human Factors in Aviation Safety Flight Deck Management reports: o In 76% of accidents over the 30 years up to 1989 the main causal factors were due to cockpit crew human errors o In 1988, 80% of hull losses were classified as being due to human factor errors. o The primary cause in many accidents is the Captain's failure to control, and the Co-pilot's failure to monitor o Crew members are the final opportunity to stop errors, but the crew are also human.

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Human Factors in Aviation Safety Aviation incidents & accidents appear to indicate that human factors & a failure to follow procedures/guidelines are main contributing cause in the events. World-wide, human factors contribute to approx. 50% of all events. 70% to 80% does not vary with pilot experience or types of aircraft flown Although the magnitude of the problem may be known, the solutions to it seems to be very difficult. We can learn by realistically:  examining our own performances in the cockpit by learning from our own misjudgment  by learning from the mistakes of other. MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

SATISTICS OF AIR ACCIDENT

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Source: Aircraft Crash Record Office, Geneva

CAUSE OF ACCIDENT BY DECADE

Source: planecrashinfo.com MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

HUMAN FACTORS A multidisciplinary field devoted to optimizing human performance and reducing human error. It incorporates the methods and principles of the behavioral and social sciences, engineering, and physiology. Human factors is the applied science that studies people working together in concert with machines. Human factors embraces variables that influence individual performance and variables that influence team or crew performance. It is recognized that inadequate system design or inadequate operator training can contribute to individual human error that leads to system performance degradation. Further, it is recognized that inadequate design and management of crew tasks can contribute to group errors that lead to system performance degradation. [Source: FAA Advisory Circular 120-51E]

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Definitions (ICAO Annex 6, Part 1) Human factors “scientific study of the interaction between people, machine and each other” Human factors principles “Principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system components by proper consideration to human performance” Human performance “human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and efficiency of aeronautical operation” CRM “Crew Resource Management is the effective utilization of all

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Added Value of Human Factors Both Human and Technical skills are integrated Human factor can help to understand: Human performance and imitations and its impact on safety and efficiency (Quality) What is Risk To recognize it through behaviors, attitudes and situations To manage it at individual & team level This means understanding the way’s behind the tasks the consequence of our actions in terms of risk and

Human factors support organization and enrich safety strategies MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

From competence to performance Amount of Competen ce

Human Performance Is NOT Stable

Time

Competence = set of abilities = what we know Performance = the way what we know is implemented in a given situation (behavior) MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Safety Traditional approach

HF approach

Based on ideal / perfection

Based on reality = not ideal

Operations is the result of:

Operations is the result of:

Procedure + Competence as ability to apply to the expected

Safety exists if there is a strict application of the procedure MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Procedure + Competence as an ability through initiatives to manage expected and unexpected

Safety exists if the operator remains in

Safety

The slices of cheese represent defenses against accidents and incidents. The holes in the cheese are holes in these defenses. Some holes are due to human errors/mistakes while other are caused by latent conditions MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Safety

Last Defense Blocks Accident Close Call!

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Blocking the Accident Trajectory Earlier Yields a Greater Margin of Safety

Safety Culture

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Conclusion Human factors should not be an isolated domain, but should be integrated in other domains Human factors should support and enrich quality and efficiency in an organisation Knowing and understanding our practices

Human factors can help to ask the good questions in order to enrich the safety strategies To have safe and efficient practices

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Thank you! Congratulations, here is what you’ve just accomplished;

Concept of Human Factors To know more about new exciting subject ,

MHS Kerteh Trg Dept