Leadership

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L E A D H I

E R S P

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Overview • • • •

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Human Attitude & Behavioral Element of Leadership Element of Followership Conflict Resolution.

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Pilot Personalities • The MACHO Pilot • The Impulsive Pilot • The Invulnerable Pilot • The “Antiauthority” Pilot Haz 08

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Attitude Vs Antidote 2. Macho 3. Impulsivity: Do something quickly 4. Invulnerability: It won’t happen to me! 5. Antiauthority: Don’t Tell Me! 6. Resignation: What’s the Use?

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2. Taking Chances is foolish 3. Not so fast, Think First……. 4. It could happen to me……. 5. Follow the Rules, They usually Right 6. I’m not helpless, I

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Behavioral Styles • Aggressive – High task oriented & low relationship oriented – First consideration to the task or goal • Relationship Oriented – First consideration to the feeling of others – Caring or nurturing style of behavior • Combinations

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Behavioral Styles • Intended to be the middle ground - Best of aggressiveness (without the put-down negatives) - Best of non-aggressiveness (without loss-of-self) - Conviction that one’s position can be expressed strongly without dominating the other.

ASSERTIVE BEHAVIOR Haz 08

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………..as in the cockpit • As a crew member, you have the right to assure that your life will not be compromised by any action/inaction, miscommunication, or misunderstanding • Assertive behavior in the cockpit does not challenge authority; it

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Assertiveness The willingness to actively participate and the ability to state and maintain your position. Including: - making decisions - demonstrating initiative and the courage to act Haz 08

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ASSERTIVE BEHAVIOR Recognize boundaries between their ideas and those of others Ask task related questions State opinions Suggest alternatives Avoid letting rank differences threaten Haz 08

Maintain position until convinced by facts Confront ambiguities and conflict Ask for

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….and how to be assertive State in clear precise terms: • An opening • A specific concern • A problem statement • A solution • A request for feedback Haz 08

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Professionalism • The conduct, aim or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or a professional person • Professionalism is achieved only after extended training and preparation and is based on study and research – Requires the ability to reason logically, accurately, and make good judgmental decisions

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Leadership • No matter what position you occupy in the crew you must learn to become a leader in that position • What makes a leader? – Leader is a person whose ideas and actions influence the thought and behavior of others

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Leadership Skills • Regulating the information flow – Includes using and accepting nonconfrontational “key phrases” and gradually escalated action if required • “I’m uncomfortable” or “Knock it off” • Directing and coordinating crew activities Haz 08

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Leadership Skills Manage (use) resources Ask the right questions - Inquiry State your opinion - Advocacy Resolve differences - Conflict Resolution • Make Decisions • Evaluate Constructively - Critique • • • •

*Authority Source Regulation or Certification or Haz 08

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Leadership Style Leader allows the An autocratic employees to leader tells people AUTOCRATIC DEMOCRATIC LAISSEZ-FAIRE make the what to do, issues STYLE STYLE STYLE decisions. orders and However, the expects them to leader is still be obeyed. It is responsibleThis for the said to be style involves the leader decisions that are including one or more acceptable to use made. This employees is used an autocratic in the decision when employees leadership style in making process (determining are able to what toPARTICIPATION certain do and how to do it). situations: analyze theHowever, the leader maintains in an emergency LOW HIGH situation and and when only the the final decision making determine what authority. Using this style is not needs to beadone sign of weakness, rather it is a Haz 08 MHS Kerteh Trg Dept your sign of strength that

Leadership Approach Using an autocratic style on a new crew who is just learning the job. The leader is competent and a good coach. The crew is motivated to learn a new skill. The situation is a new environment for the crew. Using a democratic style as a team in which the crew already know their job. The leader knows the problem, but does not have all the information. The crew know their jobs and want to become part of the team. Using a delegative style with a crew who knows more about the job than you. You cannot do everything! The crew needs to take ownership of his/her job. Also, the situation might call for you to be focusing on other duty / doing other things (Instrument flying). Using all three: Telling your crew that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (autocratic). Asking for his/her ideas and input on creating Haz 08

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Leadership Process • Specify tasks to be assigned • Coordinate information gathering • Motivate individuals • Promote input • Assess the risk and alternatives • Look out for others Haz 08

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Leadership Process • Keep team members informed • Update the team on mission progress • Prevent work overload • Provide feedback • Continually assess the

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Followership Skills • • • • •

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Communicator - Intervenes Competent - Knowledgeable Critique Sound Judgment Skill - Mind and Body

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B R E A K Haz 08

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Conflict Resolution • What is conflict? – The result of differing perceptions, assumptions and / or values • Conflict Resolution; – The process of attempting to resolve a dispute or a conflict.

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Element of conflict • • • • •

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Culture Individualism Power Distant Uncertainty Avoidance Masculinity

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Phase of conflict Participants share information (Discover where differences exist) Commitment (agreement to make it work) Stability and performance (execution)

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Disruption --- Cycle begins over --- External forces MHS Kerteh Trg Dept

Style of Conflict Resolution Consider the advantages and disadvantages of each style Avoiding: “Conflict? What Conflict? There is no conflict” Accommodating: “Sure, we have some conflict, but it’s no big deal. Everything is fine” Competitiveness: “Since I have the authority, I will decide” Compromise: “Let’s split the difference. You do this…. And I’ll do this…” Collaboration: “Let’s you & I together figure out the problem and come up with the best solution for all concerned”. Haz 08

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Which Conflict Resolution Style Best? •isAvoiding • • • •

Accommodating Competitve Compromising Collaborating

These 5 styles are all successful strategies. The key is to be skilled in each of

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Characteristics of Successful Agreements 1. Balanced 2. Clear 3. Fair 4. Realistic 5. Specific 6. Concise 7. Forward looking and 15.Commitment to return if

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The good news is that by resolving conflict successfully, you can solve many of the problems that it has brought to the surface, as well as getting benefits that you might not at first expect: Increased understanding: The discussion needed to resolve conflict expands people's awareness of the situation, giving them an insight into how they can achieve their own goals without undermining those of other people; Increased group cohesion: When conflict is resolved effectively, team members can develop stronger mutual respect, and a renewed faith in their ability to work together; and Improved self-knowledge: Conflict pushes individuals to examine their goals in close detail, Haz 08 MHS Kerteh Trg Dept helping them understand the things that are most

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Thank you!

Congratulations, here is what you’ve just accomplished;

CRM Skill - Leadership To know more about new exciting subject , refer to the training programme given out to you.

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