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‡¢å®-šü -«Üu£¾Ç¢! XÏ.N.-‚-ªý.éÂ. «âJh -¯ÃªÃ-§ŒÕ-º -N-ŸÄu®¾¢®¾-©n Õ ƒ¢{-Kt-œ-§Ë ŒÕšü X¾K-¹~©Õ «áT-¬Çªá. ƒÂ¹ NÕT-L¢C ‡¢å®šü! Íä§ÖŒ -LqÊ Â¹%†ÏE ®¾p†¾d¢’à Eêª-Pl ¢-ÍŒÕ-ÂíE, ®¾éªÊj X¾Ÿ-A¿l´ ©ð ®ÏŸ-„¿l´ çÕÅi ä ©Â¹~u ²ÄŸµÊ¿ ÍÃ©Ç ÅäL¹! ªÃ†¾Z¢-©ðE «%Ah NŸÄu-ÂÕq©Â¹× “X¾„-¬ä Á-ŸÄy-ª-„½ çÕÊi ‡¢å®-šüÂ¹Ø ƒC «Jh-®¾Õh¢C. ’¹ÅŒ \œÄC X¾-K¹~ ®¾ªR½ E X¾JQL¢* C¬Ç Eꪬl Á¢ Í䮾Õ-¹עŸÄ¢. N•§ŒÕ «Üu£¾Ç¢Åî «á¢Ÿ¿ÕÂ¹× ²Ä’¹ÕŸÄ¢!

«ÕÊ ªÃ†¾Z¢©ð EAMCET (ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û Æ“T-¹-©aªý Æ¢œþ „çÕœË-®¯Ï þ Âëկþ ‡¢“{¯þq ˜ã®ý)d Â¹× …Êo “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ Æ¢Åà ƒ¢Åà Âß¿Õ. NÕ’¹Åà ªÃ³ÄZ©- ðxE \ “X¾„-¬ä Á-X-K¾ -¹~Â¹Ø ƒ¢ÅŒ ‚Ÿ¿-ªº½ ©äŸ¿Õ. ‚¢“Ÿµ-“¿ X¾-Ÿ¬ä ü …ÊoÅŒ NŸÄu-«Õ¢-œL¿ ÅŒª-X½ ¶¾ÛÊ èä‡-¯þ-š§ Ì Œâ Eª½y-£ÏÇ¢Íä ‡¢å®šüÐ2009 „äÕ 14Ê •ª½-’¹-¦ð-Åî¢C. ‡¢å®-šüÊÕ ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û, „çÕœË-¹©ü, œç¢{©ü, Æ“T-¹-©aªý, å®J-¹-©aªý, £¾ÉJd-¹-©aªý, ¤¶Äª½t®Ô, ÊJq¢’û, ¤ÄªÃ-„çÕ-œ-ÂË ¹©ü, ‚§Œá-êªyŸ¿, £¾ÇôNÕ-§çÖ-X-A¾ -©©ð ¦Çu*-©ªý œË“U “X¾„¬ä Á¢ Â¢ Eª½y-£ÏÇ®¾Õh¯Ãoª½Õ. ƪá-Ê-X¾p-šÂË Ì 70 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ åXj’à NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û N¦µÇ-’¹¢©ð ®Ô{ÕÊÕ ‚P®¾Öh X¾K-¹~Â¹× ÅŒ§ŒÖ-ª-«½ Û-ÅŒÕ-¯Ãoª½Õ.

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ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û N¦µÇ’¹¢ X¾K¹~ÊÕ …Ÿ¿§ŒÕ¢ 10 ÊÕ¢* «ÕŸµÄu£¾Ço¢ 1 ’¹¢{ «ª½Â¹Ø; „çÕœË-¹©ü, Æ“T-¹-©a-ª©½ ü N¦µÇ’- éðx X¾K¹~ÊÕ «ÕŸµÄu£¾Ço¢ 2.30 ÊÕ¢* 5.30 ’¹¢{© «ª½Â¹Ø Eª½y-£ÏÇ-²Ähª½Õ.

ƒ¢{ªý „çªá-˜°ä ! ‡¢å®-šü©ð ƒ¢{-Kt-œ-§ Ë ŒÕšü «Öª½Õˆ©Â¹× 25 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ „çªá-˜>ä ¨ ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½¢ ÊÕ¢Íä “¤Äª½¢-¦µ¼-«Õ-«Û-Åî¢C. ¨ „çªá-˜>ä “’¹ÖX¾Û «Öª½Õˆ-©Â¹× «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ X¾J-NÕÅŒ¢. Æ¢˜ä ƒ¢{ªý “¤ÄÂË-Âd ¹-©üqÅî ¤Ä{Õ 600 «Öª½Õˆ-©Â¹× NŸÄuJn ‡Eo «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ²ÄCµ-²Ähœî „ÚËE 25Â¹× Â¹×C-²Ähª½Õ. ‹ NŸÄuJn ƒ¢{ªîx 600Â¹× 580 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ÅçÍŒÕa¹ׯÃoœ¿-ÊÕ-¹עŸÄ¢. ‡¢å®šü ªÃu¢Â¹×Â¹× B®¾Õ-Â¹×¯ä «Öª½Õˆ©Õ 580X 25/600= 24.17. ƒ¢{ªý «Öª½Õˆ©ðx “X¾A 6 «Öª½Õˆ© ÅäœÄÂ¹Ø ÆÅŒE 25 «Öª½Õˆ©ðx \ª½pœä ÅäœÄ 0.25 ÊÕ¢* 0.3 …¢{Õ¢C. ƒŸä-N-Ÿµ¿¢’à ‡¢å®-šü-©ðE «Öª½Õˆ-©ÊÕ 75 «Öª½Õˆ-©Â¹× ¹×C-²Ähª½Õ. ‡¢å®-šü©ð 160 «Öª½Õˆ-©Â¹× 140 «ÍÃa-§ŒÕ-ÊÕ-¹עŸÄ¢. 140X 75/160 = 65.625. ¨ ª½Â¹¢’à ‡¢å®-šü-©ðE “X¾A ŠÂ¹ˆ «Öª½ÕˆÂ¹Ø NŸÄuJn ¤ñ¢Ÿä „çªá-˜>ä 0.45 ÊÕ¢* 0.6 Æ«Û-ŌբC. Æ¢˜ä ƒ¢{ªîx 12 «Öª½Õˆ© ÅäœÄ ‡¢å®-šü©ð ŠÂ¹ ÆŸ¿-ÊX¾Û «Öª½ÕˆÂ¹× ®¾«Ö-Ê-«Õ-«Û-ŌբC. èÇ“’¹-ÅŒh’à X¾J-Q-Læ®hÐ ƒ¢{ªý „çªá-˜>ä …Êo-X¾p-šÂË Ì ªÃu¢Â¹×ÊÕ Eêª-Pl ¢-ÍCä «Ö“ÅŒ¢ ‡¢å®˜äd ÆE Åç©Õ-®¾Õh¢C. ÂæšËd NŸÄuJn ƒ¢{ªîx 10 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ÅŒ’Ã_-§ÕŒ E ‚¢Ÿî-@ÁÊ X¾œä ¦Ÿ¿Õ©Õ ‡¢å®-šü©ð 2 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ åX¢ÍŒÕÂî«-{¢åXj¯ä Ÿ¿%†Ïd åX{d{¢ ®¾«á-*ÅŒ¢.

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OšËE ¤ÄšËæ®h „äÕšË ªÃu¢Â¹× ‡¢å®-šüÂ¹× …Êo «u«Cµ 50 ªîV©ä. ÂæšËd „çÕª½Õ-é’Êj ªÃu¢Â¹× ²ÄCµ¢ÍŒšÇEÂË ÂË¢C ®¾ÖÍŒ-Ê-©ÊÕ ¤ÄšË¢-ÍÃL. * ¨ ÅŒª½Õ-º¢©ð ÆŸµÄu-X-¾ ¹×© ¦ðŸµÊ ¿ Â¢ ‚ªÃ-{-X-œ¾ -¿ ¹×¢œÄ ÅçL-®ÊÏ Æ¢¬Ç©Õ X¾ÛÊ-¬Áa-ªº½ Íä®Õ¾ -¹ע˜ä -«Õ-¢-*-C. * «¢Ÿ¿ ©ã¹ˆ©Õ NÊœ¿¢ ¹¢˜ä ŠÂ¹ ©ã¹ˆ-Ê-ªá¯Ã ®¾y§ŒÕ¢’à “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao¢* Í䧌Õ-’¹-L-TÅä X¾K-¹~©ðx ¹*a-ÅŒ¢’à Íä§ÕŒ -œÄ-EÂË O©Õ¢-{Õ¢C. * \‰-¨-¨¨, ‰‰-šÐÌ -è-¨ ä ¨ X¾K-¹~©ðx NŸÄuJn ÂíEo ¦µÇ’Ã©Õ Â¹~׺g¢’à ͌Ÿ-«¿ -’¹-L¯_ à «Õ¢* ªÃu¢Â¹× «®¾Õh¢C. ÂÃF ‡¢å®-šü©ð “X¾A ÆŸµÄu§ŒÕ¢ ÊÕ¢< “X¾¬Áo©Õ ®¾«Õ¢’à N¦µ¼->¢-*-«Û¢-šÇªá. ÂæšËd \ ÍÃX¾-ªd ½ÕÊÖ X¾ÜJh’à «C-L-„-§ ä ŒÕ-œÄ-EÂË O©äŸx ¿Õ.

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Âí¢Íç¢ ‡Â¹×ˆ-«’à ‚©ü-°“¦Ç, „繪d ý ‚©ü-°“¦Ç; X¶>Ï -Âúq©ð „çÕÂÃ-EÂúq; ª½²Ä-§ŒÕ-Ê-¬Ç-®¾Y¢©ð X¶>Ï -¹©ü éÂNÕ-®©ÔZ- åXj ÆCµÂ¹ “¬ÁŸ¿l´ «£ÏÇ¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢

Æ«-®ª¾ ½¢. * ‡¢å®šü éÂNÕ®ÔZ ®Ï©-¦-®ý©ð NŸÄu-ª½Õ© n Õ ÍŒŸ-«¿ E ÂíEo ¦µÇ’Ã©Õ Â¹L-¤Äª½Õ. „ÚËE ÆŸµÄu-XÂ-¾ ¹×© ®¾£¾É-§ŒÕ¢Åî ƪ½n¢ Í䮾Õ-ÂíE, ÆCµ-¹¢’à ƦµÇu®¾¢ Í䧌ÖL. * ÍŒC-NÊ Æ¢¬Ç-©ÊÕ ’¹Õª½Õh¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-«-šÇ-EÂË O©Õ’à '²ÄªÃ¢¬Á¢Ñ ÅŒ§Ö Œ -ª½Õ-Í-®ä Õ¾ -Âî-„ÃL. „ÚË-«©x X¾ÛÊ-¬Áa-ªº½ Í䮾Õ-¹×-¯-{ä -X¾Ûpœ¿Õ ÅŒyª½’à X¾ÜJh-Í-§ ä ŒÕ-«ÍŒÕa. * «Ö骈šðx ŸíJê X¾Û®¾h-ÂÃ-©Fo ÂíE “¤ÄÂÌ® d ¾Õ “¤Äª½¢-Gµ¢-Í-ÂŒ ¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. DE-«©x NŸÄuJn ‚ÅŒt-N-¬Çy®¾¢ Âî©ðp§äÕ “X¾«ÖŸ¿¢ …¢C. * ƒ¢ÅŒ-«-ªÂ½ ¹Ø \ X¾Û®¾h-¹¢©ð ƪáÅä ƦµÇu®¾¢ Íä¬Çªî ŸÄ¯äo O©ã-Ê j Eo ‡Â¹×ˆ-«-²Äª½Õx X¾ÛÊ-¬Áa-ªº½ Í䧌՜¿¢ „äÕ©Õ. DE-«©x „ä’¹¢, ¹*a-ÅÅŒ Œy¢ åXª½Õ’¹Õ-Åêá. * X¶> Ï Âúq, éÂNÕ-®ÔZ©ðx ¤Äª¸½u-X¾Û-®¾h-ÂÃ-©ðxE „ÃuÈu-©ÊÕ Â¹*a-ÅŒ¢’à ͌Ÿ-„¿ ÃL. „ÚËåXj ‚¦ãÂb- „Ëd þÐ «ÕLd-X¾Û©ü Íêá®ý “X¾¬Áo© ª½ÖX¾¢©ð ÅŒKp´Ÿ¿Õ ¤ñ¢ŸÄL. * “X¾A-ªîW ¹F®¾¢ 100 “X¾¬Áo-©åXj ƪá¯Ã Æå®j-¯þ-„çÕ¢šü ª½ÖX¾¢©ð ÅŒKp´Ÿ¿Õ ¤ñ¢ŸÄL. * ®Ï©-¦-®ýÊÕ N¦µ¼>¢ÍŒÕÂíE X¾K-¹~© ª½ÖX¾¢©ð ƦµÇu®¾¢ Í䧌ÖL. X¾K-¹~©Õ …¢˜ä NŸÄu-JÂn Ë ¦ÇŸµ¿uÅŒ …¢{Õ¢C ÂæšËd ƦµÇu®¾¢ ÅŒX¾p-E-®-J¾ ’à ²Ä’¹Õ-ŌբC. * X¶> Ï -Âúq©ð ÂíEo “X¾¬Áo-©Â¹× NÕŌթ ŸÄyªÃ ²ÄCµ¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ ÅäL¹. ‚ NŸµ¿¢’à Âí¢ÅŒ-«-ªÂ½ ¹Ø ƦµÇu®¾¢ Í䧌ÖL. * ¦ð{F, V„Ã-©-°©ðx ƒŸ¿ªl ½Õ NŸÄu-ª½Õ© n Õ Â¹ØªíaE ÅŒJˆ¢-ÍÕŒ -¹ע-{Ö-¤òÅä ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×åd Xj X¾{Õd \ª½p-œ¿Õ-ÅÕŒ ¢C. * O©ã-Ê j ¢ÅŒ ÅŒyª½’à ¦ð{F, V„Ã-©° X¾ÜJh Í䮾Õ-ÂíE NÕT-LÊ ®¾«Õ-§ŒÖEo X¶>Ï -ÂúqÂ¹× „ÃœÄ-©¯ä Åí¢Ÿ¿-ª©½ ð ÅçL-®ÊÏ ¦§ŒÖ-©-°©ð Â¹ØœÄ ‡Â¹×ˆ« ÅŒX¾Ûp©Õ Í䮾Õh¢-šÇª½Õ. ¦§ŒÖ-©-°©ð ŠÂ¹ «Öª½Õˆ X¶>Ï Â- úq-©ðE ŠÂ¹ «Öª½Õˆ ¹¢˜ä N©Õ-„-Êçj C. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x ÅçL-®ÊÏ “X¾¬Áo©Õ ¤ò’í-{Õd-Âî-¹עœÄ •„Ã¦Õ ’¹ÕJh¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ Ʀµ¼u-®Ï¢-ÍÃL. * éÂNÕ-®ÔZ©ð “’¹ÖX¾Û-©ÊÕ ÅŒyª½’à «ÕJa-¤ò-Ōբ-šÇª½Õ. ˜ä¦Õ©üq ÅŒ§ŒÖ-ª½ÕÍ䮾ÕÂíE ®¾«Õ§ŒÕ¢ ŸíJ-¹-Ê-XÛ¾ p-œ© ¿ Çx „ÚËE X¾ÛÊ-¬Áa-ªº½ Í䮾Õ-Âî-„ÃL. * ª½ÕºÇ-ÅŒt¹ (¯çT-š„ Ë þ) «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ©ä«Û ÂæšËd \ “X¾¬ÁoÊÖ «Ÿ¿-©-¹עœÄ •„Ã¦Õ ªÃ§ŒÕ-œ¿¢©ð ÅŒX¾Ûp ©äŸ¿Õ. * ÂíEo “X¾¬Áo-©Â¹× •„Ã¦Õ ®¾Õp´J¢-Í-Ê Œ -XÛ¾ œ¿Õ ®¾«Ö-ŸµÄ-¯Ã©Õ ¯ÃL_¢-šFË ÍŒC-NÅä ÍÃ©Ç ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªÃs´©ðx •„Ã-¦ÕÊÕ ®¾Õ©-¦µ¼¢’à ’¹ÕJh¢ÍŒ«ÍŒÕa. * O©ã-Ê j Eo “’âœþ ˜ã®¾Õ©d Õ ªÃ§ŒÕ-’¹-©-’ÃL. X¾K¹~ ƪáÊ „ç¢{¯ä Íä®ÊÏ ÅŒX¾Ûp-©ÊÕ N¬ì-†x Ï¢-ÍŒÕ-¹ע˜ä ‚ ÅŒX¾Ûp©Õ «ÕS} ªÃ«Û. * ‡¢å®šü ªÃ§ŒÕœ¿¢ \ ®¾¦ãb¹×Å d î “¤Äª½¢-G¢µ -ÍÃ-©E ÅŒJˆ¢Íä ¦Ÿ¿Õ©Õ NŸÄuª½Õ©n Õ ÅŒ«ÕÂ¹× X¾{Õd ¦Ç’à …ÊoŸÄEÅî “¤Äª½¢-Gµ¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ …ÅŒh«Õ¢. * ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×åd Xj Æ«-’Ã-£¾ÇÊ ‡¢ÅŒ Æ«-®-ª¾ „ ½ çÖ, ‡¢å®-šüÂ¹× «ÖÊ-®-ÂÏ ¹¢’à ®ÏŸ-«¿l´ Õ-«{¢ ƢŌ-¹¢˜ä «áÈu-„çÕÊi Æ¢¬Á¢.

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ŠÂ¹šð ªÃu¢Â¹×¹Ø, «¢Ÿî ªÃu¢Â¹×Â¹Ø «ÕŸµ¿u ÅäœÄ 10 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ! «¢Ÿî ªÃu¢Â¹×Â¹Ø 500 ªÃu¢Â¹×Â¹Ø ÅäœÄ Â¹ØœÄ 10 «Öª½Õˆ©ä. 1,000 ªÃu¢Â¹× «Öª½Õˆ© ¹¯Ão 8 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ÅŒê’-®_ -J¾ ÂË ‚ ªÃu¢Â¹× 2,000 ªÃu¢Â¹×! 100 «Öª½Õˆ©Â¹× 10,000 ªÃu¢Â¹×. ‹ 11 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ‡Â¹×ˆ« «æ®h (111) 5,000 ªÃu¢Â¹×... 12 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ÅŒTÅ_ ä (88) «Ö“ÅŒ¢ 20,000 ªÃu¢Â¹×!

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* ŠÂ¹šð ªÃu¢Â¹×¹Ø, «¢Ÿî ªÃu¢Â¹×Â¹Ø ÅäœÄ 6 «Öª½Õˆ-©!ä * 124 «Öª½Õˆ-©Â¹× 4,000 ªÃu¢Â¹×. ‹ 3 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ‡Â¹×ˆ«

«æ®h 3,500 ªÃu¢Â¹×... 5 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ÅŒTÅ_ ä «Ö“ÅŒ¢ 5,000 ªÃu¢Â¹×! ƒ¢{ªý „çªá-˜>ä …Êo-X¾p-šÂË Ì ªÃu¢Â¹×ÊÕ Eêª-Pl ¢-ÍCä «Ö“ÅŒ¢ ‡¢å®˜ä.d ƒ¢{ªîx 10 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ÅŒ’Ã_-§ŒÕE ‚¢Ÿî-@ÁÊ X¾œ-¦ä -Ÿ¿Õ©Õ ‡¢å®-šü©ð 2 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ åX¢ÍŒÕÂî«-šÇ-EÂË “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao¢-Í{Œ ¢ „äÕ©Õ. \‰-¨-¨¨, ‰‰-šÐÌ -è-¨ ä ¨©ðx NŸÄuJn ÂíEo ¦µÇ’Ã©Õ Â¹~׺g¢’à ͌Ÿ-«¿ -’¹-L¯_ à «Õ¢* ªÃu¢Â¹× ²ÄCµ¢-Í-«Œ ÍŒÕa. ÂÃF ‡¢å®-šü©ð \ ÆŸµÄu-§ŒÖFo X¾ÜJh’à «C-L-„-§ ä ŒÕ-œÄ-EÂË O©äŸx ¿Õ.

ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û N¦µÇ’¹¢ 2008 Âõ¯çq-L¢-’û©ð „ç៿šË 5000 ©ðX¾Û ªÃu¢Â¹× ²ÄCµ¢-*Ê NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n ðx ‡¢å®šü ŸÄyªÃ NNŸµ¿ ¹@Ç-¬Ç-©©ðx ÆœËt-†Ê¾ Õx B®¾Õ-¹×-Êo-„ê½Õ 2200 «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ. Æ¢˜ä NÕT-LÊ 2800 «Õ¢C NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ‰‰-šÐÌ èä-¨¨, \‰-¨-¨¨, Gšü-¬Çšü, NšÌ,d «Õæ£Ç ©Ç¢šË X¾K-¹~© ŸÄyªÃ ®Ô{Õx ²ÄCµ¢-*-Ê-„Ãêª. ÂæšËd ƒ¢>-FJ¢’û©ð ®Ô{ÕÂ¹× œµîÂà ©äÊ-X¾p-šÂË Ì «Õ¢* ¹@Ç-¬Ç-©©ð, «Õ¢* “¦Ç¢*©ð Íäª-š½ Ç-EÂË “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ …ÅŒh«Õ¢. ƒ¢Ÿ¿ÕÂ¹× 5,000 ©ðæX ªÃu¢Â¹× ÅçÍÕŒ a-Âî-„ÃL. ’¹ÅŒ \œÄC «ÕÊ ªÃ†¾Z¢-©ðE ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û ¹@Ç-¬Ç©© ®¾¢Èu 532. OšË©ð èä‡-¯þ-š§ Ì Œâ ÆÊÕ-¦¢Ÿµ¿ ¹@Ç-¬Ç-©©Õ 429. …²Ät-E§ŒÖ, ¡ „ä¢Â¹-˜-¬ä Áyª½, ‚¢“Ÿµ,¿ Âù-B§ŒÕ, ¯Ã’Ã-ª½ÕbÊ N¬Áy-N-ŸÄu-©-§ÖŒ © X¾J-C©µ ð …Êo ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û ¹@Ç-¬Ç-©©Õ 103. ¨ Âéä-°©ðx 2008©ð Âõ¯çq-L¢’û ŸÄyªÃ ¦µ¼Kh Í䧌Õ-œÄ-EÂË B®¾Õ-¹×Êo ®Ô{Õx 1,64,351. X¾K-¹~Â¹× Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç®¾Õh Íä®-ÊÏ „ÃJ©ð 15,000 «Õ¢C «ª½Â¹Ø ƒÅŒª½ ªÃ³ÄZ©- ¹Ø, ƒÅŒª½ NŸÄu-®¾¢-®-©¾n Â¹Ø „ç@Çhª½Õ. ÂæšËd 2008©ð ‡¢å®šü ƪ½|ÅŒ ¤ñ¢CÊ “X¾A NŸÄuKn ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û ®Ô{Õ ²ÄCµ¢-*-Ê-{-ªx á¢C. ¨ ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½¢ «Õªî 100 ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û ¹@Ç-¬Ç-©©Õ ªÃ¦ð-ÅŒÕ-¯Ãoªá. Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç-®Õ¾ h-ŸÄ-ª½Õ© ®¾¢Èu ’¹ÅŒ \œÄ-CÅî ¤òLæ®h ÅŒT_¢C (’¹ÅŒ \œÄC 2.70 ©Â¹~©Õ; ¨ \œÄC 2.54 ©Â¹~©Õ) ÂæšËd ®Ô{x ®¾¢Èu ©¦µ¼u-«Õ§äÕu NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n ®¾¢Èu ¹¢˜ä ÍÃ©Ç ‡Â¹×ˆ«’à …Êo˜ä.x

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Ê-¦µÇ-„ÃEo ‹ *“ÅŒ¢/ ŸÄEÂË *£¾Ço-„çÕÊi ‚¹%A ª½ÖX¾¢©ð *“A¢-ÍÃL. …ŸÄ-£¾Ç-ª-º½ ¹×... X¾Û®¾h¹¢ ÍŒŸ-«¿ œ¿¢ «©x …X¾-§çÖ’- é ’¹ÕJ¢* ¯î{Õq ªÃæ®-{-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ æXX¾ª½Õ «ÕŸµ¿u©ð X¾Û®¾h¹¢ ‚¹%-AE U§ŒÖL. ƒ©Ç ¯î{Õq «ÕŸµ¿u-¦µÇ-’¹¢©ð “¤Äª½¢-Gµ¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ «©x «ÕÊ ‚©ð-Í-ÊŒ -©Â¹× ÆEo-„-Xçj ¾Û©Ç Æ©Õx-¹×-¤ò§äÕ Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ ©Gµ-®¾Õh¢C. åXj’Ã, ¦µÇ„Ã-©ÊÕ æ®yÍŒa’´ Ã, ®¾£¾Ç-•¢’à «uÂÌh¹-J¢-Í-œŒ Ä-EÂË O©-«Û-ŌբC.

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„çÕi¢œþ «ÖuX¾Û ÅŒ§ŒÖ-ª½Õ-Íæä ® NŸµÄÊ¢ N¯î-ŸÄ-ÅŒt-¹¢’à …¢œÄL. «uÂËh-©ðE ®¾%•-¯Ã-ÅŒt-¹Å,Œ Âép-E-¹Å,Œ ¦µÇ«Û-¹Å,Œ £¾É “¤Ä’¹-©Çs´u-©ÊÕ E“Ÿ¿ ©äæX©Ç …¢œÄL. Æ©Çê’ „çÕi¢œþ-«Öu-X¾ÛÊÕ L"¢Íä «uÂËhÂË ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢-*Ê «uÂËhÅŒy¢ ¯î{Õq©ð “X¾A-X-L¶¾ ®¾Öh …¢œÄL. Æ¢Ÿ¿¢, ÆGµ-Ê-§ŒÕ¢Åî „çÕi¢œþ-«ÖuX¾Û ‚¹-ª-º½¥ -§ Ì ŒÕ¢’à …¢œÄL. „çÕi¢œþ-«Öu-X¾ÛÊÕ ÅŒ§ŒÖª½Õ Í䮾ÕÂî«{¢ ’¹ÕJ¢* ÍçX¾ÛpÂ- ¹×Êo åXj ¦µÇ„Ã-©ÊÕ „çÕi¢œþ-«Öu-X¾Û©ð \ NŸµ¿¢’à *“A¢-Í-«Œ Íîa ͌֜¿¢œË.

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ŠÂ¹ NŸµ¿¢’à ͌Öæ®h... ÂíÅŒh ‚©ð-Í-ÊŒ -©Â¹×, Ÿ¿%¹p-Ÿ±Ä-©Â¹×, Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©Â¹× «Öª½_¢ ÍŒÖæX ®¾£Ç¾ • “X¾“Â˧ŒÕ... ‚Jn¹ ®¾¢Â~¼¢. …Ÿîu-’Ã©Õ Âî©ðpªá-Ê-„ê½Õ, *Êo-¤ÄšË „Ãu¤Ä-ªÃ©ðx …Êo-„ê½Õ, ÂíÅŒh’à “X¾„-Pä ¢-ÍÃ-©E ÆÊÕ-¹ע-{Õ-Êo-„ê½Õ ¹؜Ä... X¾J-®-AÏn E ÂíÅŒh Ÿ¿%¹p-Ÿ±¿¢Åî, ÊÖÅŒÊ “æXª½-ºÅî ƪ½n¢ Í䮾Õ-Âî-«-œÄ-EÂË “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao¢-ÍÃL. Eª½¢-ŪŒ ½ «Öª½Õp, “X¾X¾¢-<-¹-ªº½ , ®¾J-ÂíÅŒh «Üu£¾É©Õ, Ê«uÅŒy¢... OšË©ð N¬Çy®¾¢ …Êo ¯äšË «u¹×h©ä ¦µ¼N-†¾uÅŒÕh ¯Ã§ŒÕ-Â¹×©Õ ÂÃ’¹-©ª½Õ! ®¾¢Â~¼¢ “¤Äª½¢-¦µ¼„çÕi ŸÄŸÄX¾Û \œÄC Æ«Û-Åî¢C. ‰šÌ, ¦Çu¢ÂË¢’û, åX¶¯j ïþq, ‚šð-„çá-¦©ãj ü ª½¢’éðx …Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç© X¾J-®AÏn ‚¢Ÿî-@Á3/23/2009 15:29

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Ê-¹-ª½¢-’Ã¯ä …¢C. …Ÿîu-’é X¾J-®-ÅÏn ŒÕ©Õ ͌¹ˆ-¦-œ-Å¿ êá ÂÃF, “X¾®¾Õh-ÅÃ-E-éÂÅj ä ‚ ͵çŒÕ©Õ ƒ¢Âà ¹E-X¢Ï -ÍœŒ ¿¢ ©äŸE¿ EX¾Û-ºÕ©Õ N¬ì-†x -®Ï ¾Õh-¯Ãoª½Õ. ƒ©Ç¢šË ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ª½s´¢©ð “X¾ÅÃu-«Öo-§ŒÖ© ’¹ÕJ¢* ‚©ð-*¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n ¹×, …Ÿîu-’Ã-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× ÍÃ©Ç Æ«-®ª¾ ½¢. ®¾¢Â~¼¢ Âê½-º¢’à …Ÿîu-’Ã©Õ Âî©ðp-ªáÊ „ÃJ-éÂÅj ä “X¾ÅÃu-«Öo-§ŒÖ©Õ ֮͌¾Õ-Âî-«œ¿¢ ÅŒX¾p-E-®¾êª!

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ÂíÅŒh ŸÄª½Õ©Õ ÂíÅŒh …Ÿîu-’Ã-©Åî “X¾§çÖ-’Ã©Õ Í䧌Õ-œÄ-EÂË Â¹ØœÄ ƒŸä ®¾éªÊj ®¾«Õ§ŒÕ¢. …Ÿîu’¹¢ Âî©ðp§äÕ «ª½Â¹× „äêª …Ÿîu’¹¢ ’¹ÕJ¢* ‚©ð-*¢* …¢œ¿-¹-¤ò-«ÍŒÕa. ’¹ÅŒ¢©ð ‡X¾Ûpœî ‚©ð-*¢* «ÕJa-¤ò-ªáÊ éÂJ-§ŒÕªý «ÖªÃ_-©ÊÕ «ÕSx ’¹Õª½ÕhÂ¹× ÅçÍŒÕa-Âî-«-œÄ-EÂË ®¾¢Â~¼¢ Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ ¹Lp-®¾Õh¢C. ƒ†¾d¢ …¯Ão, ©ä¹-¤ò-ªá¯Ã, «Öª½Õp Â¢ “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao¢-ÍÃ-LqÊ ÅŒª½Õº¢ ƒŸä! ÅçL-§ŒÕE ª½¢’é ’¹ÕJ¢* Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî-«-œÄ-EÂË ‡¢Åî-ÂÃ-©¢’à ‡Ÿ¿Õ-ª½ÕÍŒÖ-²òhÊo Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Á¢’à ¨ «Öª½ÕpÊÕ X¾J-’¹-º¢Ë -ÍÃL. ÂíÅŒh éÂJ-§ŒÕ-ªý-©ðÂË “X¾„-Pä ¢-Í-œŒ Ä-EÂË Æ«-®-ª¾ -„½ çÕÅi ä «ÕSx ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«Û-Âî-«-œÄ-EÂË Â¹ØœÄ ®ÏŸ¿l´¢’à …¢œÄL. * ƒ©Ç¢šË «Öª½ÕpÊÕ ‡¢ÅŒ «Õ¢C ²ÄÊÕ-¹Ø-©¢’à X¾J-Q-L-²Äh-ª-¯ ½ Cä ®¾¢Ÿä-£¾É-®¾p-Ÿ„¿ äÕ! ÂÃF «Öª½ÕpÊÕ Æ¢U-¹-J¢*, Íäæ® X¾EåXj ‚®¾ÂËh åX¢ÍŒÕ-¹ע-˜¯ä ä ¤òšÌ©ð «ÕÊ-’¹-©-ªE½ ’¹Õª½Õh¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL.

²ÄX¶’Ô Ã ²Äê’ éÂJ-§ŒÕªý! Ÿä¬Á ‚Jn¹ X¾J-®-ÅÏn ŒÕ-©Åî åXŸ¿’l à ®¾¢¦¢Ÿµ¿¢ ©ä¹עœÄ ÂíÊ-²Äê’ ª½¢’Ã©Õ ÂíEo …¢šÇªá. Æ©Ç¢šË „Ú˩ð Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç© Â¢ “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao¢-Í-«Œ ÍŒÕa. Æ„ä-NÕ-{¢˜ä... NŸ¿u: ‚Jn¹ «Ö¢Ÿ¿u¢ “X¾¦µÇ«¢ åXŸ¿’l à ¹E-XÏ¢-ÍEŒ ª½¢’éðx ƒC «á¢Ÿ¿Õ¢-{Õ¢C. ‚Jn¹ «u«®¾n ‡©Ç …¯Ão …¤Ä-ŸµÄu-§Œá©Õ, ÆŸµÄu-X-¾ ¹×©Õ, “¤ñåX¶-®-ª¾ ½x ¹× œË«Ö¢œþ ÅŒê’_ Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ ©äŸ¿Õ! ‚ªî’¹u¢: ®¾¢Â~î-¦µÇ-EÂË ÅëÛ-©Eä «Õªî ª½¢’¹¢ ‚ªî’¹u¢. ƒ¢Ÿ¿Õ©ð Šœ¿Õ-Ÿ¿Õ-œ¿Õ-¹×-©Â¹× Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ ÍÃ©Ç ÍÃ©Ç ÅŒÂ¹×ˆ«. 3/23/2009 15:29

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X¾ªÃu-«-ªº½ ¢: ’¹ÅŒ¢©ð ¹¢˜ä ƒX¾Ûpœ¿Õ ¨ ª½¢’¹¢-©ðE Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©åXj NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Ÿ¿%†Ïd åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-Åî¢C. ¦µ¼“Ÿ¿Å:Œ Í眿ÕÊÕ X¾Â¹ˆ¯ä åX{Õd-ÂíE «Õ¢* °«Ê¢ ÂíÊ-²Ä-T¢-ÍÃ-©¢˜ä ®¾«Ö-èÇ-EÂË ¦µ¼“Ÿ¿ÅŒ ÅŒX¾p-E-®J¾ . Æ©xJ «â¹-©ÊÕ X¾ÜJh’à Eª½Öt-L¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ ƢŌ ®¾Õ©Õ-„Oä Õ Âß¿Õ! “X¾•© N¬Çy®¾¢ ֪͌½-’í-¯Ã-©¢˜ä ¦µ¼“Ÿ¿ÅŒ Æ«-®ª¾ ½¢ ÂæšËd ¨ ª½¢’¹¢©ð ‚Jn¹ ®¾¢Â~¼¢ \ª½pœä Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ ©äŸE¿ Íç¤ñpÍŒÕa. «ÕøL¹ ²ù¹-ªÃu©Õ: “X¾X¾¢-Í-„Œ Ãu-X¾h¢’à Ÿä¬Ç© «ÕŸµ¿u «uÅÃu®¾¢ …Êo ª½¢’¹¢ ƒC. «ÕK «áÈu¢’à ‚Jn¹ X¾J-®Å-Ïn ŒÕ©Õ ®¾J’à ©äÊ-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ “X¾¦µ¼Õ-ÅÃy©Õ «ÕøL¹ ²ù¹-ªÃu© OÕŸ¿¯ä Ÿ¿%†Ï-åd X-œ-Å¿ êá. ¨ ª½¢’¹¢©ð …¤ÄCµ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ ¹Lp¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ ŸÄyªÃ ®¾¢Â~¼¢ ÊÕ¢* ’¹˜-Âãd ¹ˆ-œÄ-EÂË “X¾¦µ¼Õ-ÅÃy©Õ “X¾§ŒÕAo-®¾Õh¢-šÇªá. ƒ¢ŸµÊ¿ ¢ (‡ÊKb): «ÕÊ-Ÿ¬ä Á¢, Íç¯j éðx ¨ «Ö骈šü N®¾h%A ÍÃ©Ç ‡Â¹×ˆ«. D¢Åî-¤Ä{Õ X¾«Ê, ²ùª½, ƒÅŒª½ ²Ä¢“X¾-ŸÄ-§äÕ-ŪŒ ½ ƒ¢ŸµÊ¿ ª½¢’éðx Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ ÅŒ’¹-«_ E Íç¤ñpÍŒÕa! \ ª½¢’¹¢-©ð-¯¯çj à ®¾êª, “X¾®¾ÕhÅŒ¢ ¹¢åX-F©Õ Ưä¹ ª½Âé ¦ÇŸµ¿u-Å©Œ Õ ®¾«Õ-ª½n¢’à Eª½y-Jh¢-Í-’Œ ¹© Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ©n Â¢ ‡Ÿ¿Õª½Õ ֮͌¾Õh-¯Ãoªá. ƒ¢>-F-J¢-’ûÅî-¤Ä{Õ „äÕ¯ä-èü-„çÕ¢šü Â¹ØœÄ Íä®ÊÏ Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ©Gµ-²òh¢C. ²ÄŸµÄ-ªº½ Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ©n Õ ƒŸ¿Jl o E§ŒÕ-NÕ¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-«œ¿¢ ¹¢˜ä «Õ¢* ²Ä«Õ-ªÃnu-©ÕÊo Šê Ʀµ¼u-JEn ÆCµÂ¹ „äÅÊŒ ¢ ƒ*a B®¾ÕÂ- î-«-œÄ-EÂË ¦£¾Ç-@Á-èÇA ¹¢åX-F©Õ ‚®¾ÂËh ÍŒÖXÏ-®¾Õh¯- Ãoªá. …-Ÿîu’Ã-© -«Ö骈-šü ®¾¢Â~î-¦¼µ¢, -Bª½Õ- Åç-ÊÕo-©åXj -OÕ -Æ-G-“µ ¤Ä-§ŒÖ-©Õ, ®¾¢-Ÿ£ä ¾É-©-ÊÕ -«Ö-Åî X¾¢-ÍŒÕÂî¢-œ!Ë -„çÕªá-©ü -‰-œ:Î [email protected]

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‡X¾Ûpœ¿Õ? Articles ’¹ÕJ¢* 2 “X¾¬Áo©Õ «²Ähªá. ¨ Æ¢¬Á¢©ð A, An, The ©ÊÕ \§äÕ ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªÃs´©ðx „ÃœÄL, ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Õ „Ãœ¿-¹Ø-œŸ ¿ Õ¿ Ưä N†¾§ŒÕ¢ OÕŸ¿ “X¾¬Áo©Õ Æœ¿Õ-’¹Õ-Åê½Õ. ƒ¢Tx†ý ƹ~ª½¢ A ©äŸÄ I Åî „ç៿-©§äÕu countable nouns \¹-«-Í-ÊŒ ¢©ð …¢˜ä „ÃšË «á¢Ÿ¿Õ ‡X¾Ûp-œ¯çj à an «®¾Õh¢C. …ŸÄ-£¾Ç-ª-º½ ©Õ... an apple, an ant, an aeroplane, an aunt, an Indian, an igloo, an island. A, An, The

ƒ¢Tx†ý ƹ~ª½¢ E, O ©äŸÄ U ©Åî „ç៿-©§äÕu singular countable nouns …ÍÃa´-ª-º½ ÊÕ ¦šËd „ÃšË «á¢Ÿ¿Õ a ©äŸÄ an «®¾Õh¢C. X¾K-¹~©ð ƒ*aÊ noun …ÍÃa´-ª-º½ ÊÕ Åç©Õ-’¹Õ©ð ªÃæ®h, ŸÄE „ç៿šË ƹ~ª½¢ Æ,‚, ƒ,¨, …,, ‡, \, ‰, Š, ‹, » ƪáÅä ŸÄE «á¢Ÿ¿Õ anÊÕ, „äêª Æ¹~ª½¢ ƪáÅä aÊÕ „ÃœÄL. …ŸÄ-£¾Ç-ª-º½ Â¹× elephant (‡L-åX¶¢šü) …ÍÃa´-ª-º½ ÊÕ Åç©Õ-’¹Õ©ð ªÃæ®h ŸÄE „ç៿šË ƹ~ª½¢ '‡Ñ ÂæšËd ŸÄE «á¢Ÿ¿Õ 3/23/2009 15:29

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(§Œâªî-X-§ Ï ŒÕ¯þ) Ưä X¾Ÿ¿¢ …ÍÃa´-ª-º½ ÊÕ Åç©Õ-’¹Õ©ð ªÃæ®h, ŸÄE „ç៿šË ƹ~ª½¢ '§ŒâÑ ÂæšËd ŸÄE «á¢Ÿ¿Õ a

„ÃœÄL. ŠÂ¹ noun a,e,i,o,u ©Åî „ç៿-©Åãj ä ŸÄE «á¢Ÿ¿Õ an „ÃœÄL Æ¯ä ®¾Ö“ÅŒ¢ ÆEo ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªÃs´-©ðxÊÖ ¤ÄšË¢-Í-ÂŒ ¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. Æ,‚,-ƒ,¨... ®¾Ö“ÅŒ¢ ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªÃs´-©ðxÊÖ «Jh-®¾Õh¢C.

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correct

Âß¿Õ. ÂæšËd ŸÄEo ’¹ÕœË’f Ã

ÊŸ¿Õ©Õ, X¾ª½y-ÅéÕ, C¹׈©Õ, ®¾¢UÅŒ X¾J-¹-ªÃ©Õ ©Ç¢šË “X¾X¾¢-ÍŒ¢©ð ŠÂ¹˜ä …¢œä Æ¢¬Ç©Õ, „ÃšË ’¹ÕJ¢* «ÖšÇx-œ¿Õ-Â¹×¯ä ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ª½s´¢©ð ‚ noun «á¢Ÿ¿Õ the „ÃœÄL. …ŸÄ-£¾Ç-ª-º½ ¹×... the Sun, the Principal of this college, the Panama canal, the Niagara, the Red Sea, the Kashmir valley, the north, the Hindu, the Ramayana „ç៿-©-Ê ãj N.

*

«á¢Ÿ¿Õ ²ÄŸµÄ-ª-º½ ¢’à ‚Jd-¹©ü \D ªÃŸ¿Õ. 'X¶©¾ ÇÊÑ Æ¯ä EJl-†Å¾d Œ …Êo-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ «Ö“ÅŒ¢ ‚{©Õ, •¦Õs©Õ, ¬Ç²ÄY©Õ, ¦µð•-¯Ã© æXª½x «á¢Ÿ¿Õ ‚Jd-¹©ü \D ªÃŸ¿Õ.

* Uncountable nouns, plural nouns

the „ÃœÄL.

Prepositions: ƒ¢Tx-†ý©ð

ÍÃ©Ç ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªÃs´©ðx prepositions “X¾§çÖ’¹¢ Åç©Õ’¹Õ ƪÃnEo ¦šËd …¢œ¿Ÿ¿Õ. X¶©¾ ǯà X¾Ÿ¿¢ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ, ÅŒªÃyÅŒ, X¶©¾ ǯà preposition ªÃ„Ã-©¯ä E§ŒÕ-«Ö©Õ …¯Ãoªá. …ŸÄ-£Ç¾ -ª-º ½ Â¹× '骢œî ƢŌ-®¾Õh©ðÑ ÆÊ-œÄ-EÂË, in the second floor ÆE „Ãœ¿-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ, on the second floor „ÃœÄL. Tenses: ƒ¢Tx-†ý©ð

„çáÅŒh¢ 12 tenses …Êo-X¾p-šÂË Ì OšË©ð past perfect continuous, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous© OÕŸ¿ “X¾¬Áo©Õ Æœ¿-’¹ª½Õ. NÕ’¹Åà 8 tenses OÕŸ¿¯ä “X¾¬Áo-©Õ¢-šÇªá.

* Active voice ÊÕ passive voice object

©ðÂË «Öêªa-{-XÛ¾ pœ¿Õ passive sentence subject+ be form+ verb «âœî ª½ÖX¾¢ + preposition+ Æ¯ä ®¾Ö“ÅÃEo ¤ÄšË¢-ÍÃL. AV ©ðE object, PV ©ð subject ’ÃÊÖ, subject object ’ÃÊÖ «Öª½-ÅÃ-§ŒÕ¯ä N†¾-§ŒÖEo ’¹Õª½Õh¢-ÍŒÕ-

Âî-„ÃL. * Simple, complex, compound sentences©ð ‡Â¹×ˆ« «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ²ÄCµ¢-ÍÃ-©¢˜ä phrases, clauses ’¹ÕJ¢* ¹~׺o¢’à Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî-„ÃL. „ùu¢©ð Šê clause …¢˜ä ÆC simple sentence Æ«Û-ŌբC. ŠÂ¹ main clause, ŠÂ¹ subordinate clause …¢˜ä ÆC complex sentence Æ«Û-ŌբC. 骢œ¿Õ main clauses …¢˜ä ÆC compound sentence Æ«Û-ŌբC.

«âœ¿Õ ª½ÂéÕ... * Letters ©ð personal letters, business letters, official letters ÆE «âœ¿Õ ª½ÂÃ©Õ …¢šÇªá.

ŠÂ¹

Letters

Personal letters

©ð

salutation...

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Dear father, My dear father, Dear Mr. Ravi, Dear Ravi MadamÊÕ salutation

©äŸÄ

My Dear Ravi

©Ç’¹ …¢œÄL.

Official letters ©ð Sir

©äŸÄ

’à „ÃœÄL.

* Subscription’à Personal letters©ð Yours lovingly / affectionately; business or official letters ©ð Yours faithfully E „ÃœÄL. * Spelling, synonyms, antonyms N†¾-§ŒÕ¢©ð ƒ¢{-Kt-œ-§ Ë ŒÕšü X¾Û®¾h-Âéðx …¢œä X¾ŸÄ© ²Änªá©ð “XÏæXªý ÂÄÃL. * Passage ©ðE “X¾¬Áo-©Â¹× •„Ã-¦Õ©Õ ªÃæ®-{-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ’à “X¾¬Áo-©ÊÕ ÍŒCN, ‚ ÅŒªÃyÅŒ passageÊÕ ÍŒC-NÅä ®¾Õ©-¦µ¼¢’à ƪ½-« n Õ-«Û-ŌբC.

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šðåX¶©ü šÌO …ÊoÅŒ ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«Û© Â¢ NŸä-¬Ç-©Â¹× „ç@Çx-©-ÊÕ-¹ׯä NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× šðåX¶©ü ÍÃ©Ç «áÈu-„çÕÊi ƪ½|Å.Œ ¨ X¾K-¹~©ð …Bh-ª½Õ©g Õ ÂÄÃ-©¢˜ä P¹~º B®¾Õ-Âî-«œ¿¢ ÅŒX¾pE-®-J¾ ’à NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ¦µÇN-®¾Õh¢-šÇª½Õ. ƒ©Ç¢šË NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× ÅîœÄp{Õ Æ¢C¢-Í-œŒ Ä-EÂË ‡œ¿Õu-êÂ-†-ʾ ©ü ˜ã®d¢Ï ’û ®¾Ky®ý (¨šÌ-‡®ý) NÊÖÅŒo KA©ð “X¾Åäu¹ ˜ãL-N-•¯þ Âê½u“¹-«Ö-©ÊÕ “X¾„-¬ä Á-åX-šËd¢C. šðåX¶-©üÂ¹× ÅŒ§ŒÖ-ª§ ½ äÕu NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ƒÂ¹ ÊÕ¢* ƒ¢{-éªošü ŸÄyªÃ ÍÃ©Ç “X¾§çÖ-•Ê¢ ¤ñ¢Ÿ¿-«ÍŒÕa. “X¾X¾¢-Í-„Œ Ãu-X¾h¢’à ¦Ç’à “¤Ä͌ժ½u¢ ¤ñ¢CÊ §Œâ{Öu¦ü (www.youtube.com) ŸÄyªÃ Ưä¹ „çÕ©-¹×-«©Õ Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî-«ÍŒÕa. šðåX¶©ü, ƒÅŒª½ ¦µÇ³Ä ²Ä«Õª½nu X¾K-¹~©Õ Eª½y-£ÏÇ¢Íä ¨šÌ-‡®ý “X¾Åäu¹ ˜ãL-N-•¯þ Âê½u-“¹-«Ö-©ÊÕ ª½Ö¤ñ¢-C¢* §Œâ{Öu¦ü ŸÄyªÃ „ÚËE “X¾²Äª½¢ Íä®Õ¾ h¢C. www.youtube.com/TOEFLtv ŸÄyªÃ OšËE ͌֜íÍŒÕa, N¯íÍŒÕa. «áÈu¢’à NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ Â¹†d¢¾ ’à ¦µÇN¢Íä ƒ¢Tx†ý ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×©d ð X¾{Õd ²ÄCµ¢-Í-œŒ Ä-EÂË ¨ “X¾²Ä-ªÃ©Õ …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-X-œ¾ -Å¿ êá.

‡¯îo OœË-§çÖ©Õ šðåX¶-©ü©ð N•§ŒÕ¢ ²ÄCµ¢-*Ê NŸÄu-ªÕ½ ©n Õ ¤ò®ýd Íäæ® OœË-§çÖ©Õ ÍÃ©Ç Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¯Ãoªá. OšË-Åî-¤Ä{Õ ÆŸµÄu-X-¾ ¹×©Õ, šðåX¶©ü ¦%¢Ÿ¿¢, N¬Áy-N-ŸÄu-©-§ŒÖ©Õ ¤ò®ýd Íäæ® OœË-§çÖ©Õ Â¹ØœÄ ÍŒÖœíÍŒÕa. §Œâ{Öu-¦ü©ð J>-®ªd¾ ý ƪá-Ê-„ê½Õ OœË-§çÖ©Õ X¾¢XÏ¢-Í-«Œ ÍŒÕa. OšËE ¨šÌ-‡®ý X¾K-ÂË~¢* ÆÊÕ-«Õ-A-æ®h¯ä šðåX¶-©ü-š-OÌ ©ð ¤ò®ýd Íä²Ähª½Õ. šðåX¶©ü ƪ½|ÅŒ ŸÄyªÃ “X¾X¾¢-Í-„Œ Ãu-X¾h¢’à 130 Ÿä¬Ç-©ðxE 6000 Âéä-°©Õ “X¾„-¬ä Ç-©ÊÕ Eª½y-£ÏÇ-®¾Õh-¯Ãoªá. OšË©ð ÍäªÃ-©-ÊÕ-¹ׯä NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× šðåX¶-©ü-šOÌ …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-X-œ¾ ¿Õ-ŌբC. éÂJ-§ÕŒ -ªý©ð …ÊoÅŒ ²Än¯Ã-©Â¹× „ç@Á-œx Ä-EÂË «Õ¢* ƒ¢Tx†ý ÅŒX¾p-E-®J¾ . NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n -Åî-¤Ä{Õ ƒ¢Tx†ý ²Ä«Õ-ªÃnu-©ÊÕ åX¢¤ñ¢-C¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„Ã-©-ÊÕ-Â¹×¯ä ƒÅŒ-ª½Õ-©Â¹× Â¹ØœÄ šðåX¶©ü šÌO “X¾§çÖ-•-Ê-¹ª½¢.

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‚¦µ¼-ª-º½ Ç© œËè-Eãj ¢-’û©ð P¹~º ‚¦µ¼-ª-º½ Ç© œËè-Eãj ¢’û, …ÅŒpAh, “꒜ˢ’û Æ¢¬Ç©ðx EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× «ÕÊ-Ÿ-¬ä Á¢©ð …Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-ÅÕŒ -¯Ãoªá. ¨ Æ¢¬Ç©ðx P¹~º ƒÍäa ®¾¢®¾©n Õ ÍÃ©Ç ÅŒÂ¹×ˆ-«’à …¯Ãoªá. ¯îªáœÄ (…ÅŒh-ª-“½ X¾-Ÿ-¬ä ü)-©ðE Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè¯ãj þ Æ¢œþ ˜ãÂÃo-©° ƒE-®-{Ïd Öušü (èäœ-šÎ ‰Ì ) ‚¦µ¼-ª-º½ Ç© œËè-Eãj ¢’û, …ÅŒp-AhÂË ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢* Ưä¹ ª½Âé ÂÕq-©ÊÕ Æ¢C-²òh¢C. „ÃšË N«-ªÃ©Õ... Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè-Eãj ¢-’û©ð 骢œä@Áx œË¤ñx«Ö * Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè-E ãj ¢’û Æ¢œþ «ÖÊÕu-¤Ä¶ u-¹a-J¢-’û©ð \œÄC ƒ¢˜ã-“ê’-˜œã þ ÂÕq * «â¯ço@Áx èã«Ö-©° * 45 ªîV© œç« j Õ¢œþ “꒜ˢ’û *

OšË-Åî-¤Ä{Õ Ÿ¿Öª½-NŸ¿u ŸÄyªÃ ‚éªo@Áx Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè-Eãj ¢’û ÂÕqÊÕ ¨ ®¾¢®¾n Æ¢C-²òh¢C. ‚§ŒÖ ÂÕq©ðx «Õ¢* “X¾A¦µ¼ ¹Ê-¦-ª-*½ Ê „ÃJÂË …Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ ¹Lp-²Ähª½Õ. \Ÿç¯j à ƒ¢{-Kt-œ-§ Ë ŒÕšü ÍŒC-NÊ NŸÄuª½Õ©n Õ ¨ ÂÕq-©Â¹× Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç®¾Õh Í䮾Õ-Âî-«ÍŒÕa. 骢œä@Áx ÂÕqÂ¹× ªÃÅŒ-X-K¾ ¹~, ƒ¢{ª½Öyu ‚ŸµÄ-ª½¢’à Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ-©n ÊÕ ‡¢XϹ Íä²Ähª½Õ. NÕT-LÊ ÂÕq-©Â¹× “X¾A¦µ¼ ‚ŸµÄ-ª½¢’à ‡¢XϹ …¢{Õ¢C. * *

Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç®¾Õh NŸµÄÊ¢, ƒÅŒª½ N«-ªÃ©Õ www.jdtiindia.com ©ð ©Gµ-²Ähªá. Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç-®¾Õh© ®Ôy¹-ª-º½ Â¹× *«-J-ÅDä : \“XÏ©ü 16, 2009

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®Ô\ X¾K-¹~©Õ W¯þ 1 ÊÕ¢*! Í꽪d ýf ÆÂõ¢-˜Fã q ÂÕqÂ¹× ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢-*Ê ÆEo X¾K-¹~-©ÊÕ ‰®Ô-\‰ „êáŸÄ „ä®Ï¢C. „äÕ ¯ç©©ð •ª½-’Ã-LqÊ X¾K-¹~©- ÊÕ ‡Eo-¹© 农¿Öu©Õ Ÿ¿%³Ädu W¯þÂË „êáŸÄ „ä®-ÊÏ {Õx ‰®Ô-\‰ æXªíˆ¢C. XÔ¨Ð2, “¤ñåX¶†- -ʾ ©ü ¹¢XÔ-˜Fã q ÂÕq, åX¶Êj ©ü, ‰‚-ªý‡¢, ‡¢.‡.®Ï. (¤ÄªýÐd 1), šË.‡¢.®Ï. (¤ÄªýÐd 1), ®Ï.‡¢.®Ï. (¤ÄªýÐd 1), ‰.šË.-‡©ü., œ¿¦Õxu.-š.Ë Š. X¾KÂ- ¹~-©ÊÕ W¯þ 1 ÊÕ¢* 15 «ª½Â¹× Eª½y-£ÏÇ¢-Í-ÊŒ Õ-¯Ãoª½Õ. X¾K-¹~© X¾ÜJh N«-ªÃ-©ÊÕ ÅŒyª½©ð Nœ¿Õ-Ÿ©¿ Íä²Ähª½Õ. ®Ô\ ®¾¢¦¢-Cŵ Œ X¾K-¹~©Õ «ÕÊ-Ÿ-¬ä Á¢-©ðE 110 ꢓŸÄ-©-Åî-¤Ä{Õ Ÿ¿Õ¦Çªá, ‘Ç{t¢œ¿Õ, ƦÕ-ŸÄ-G-©©ð Â¹ØœÄ •ª½Õ-’¹Õ-Åêá.

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ƒ’îo©ð ‡¢.Ââ. Ÿ¿Öª½-N-Ÿ¿uÂ¹× æXª½Õ-’â-*Ê ƒ¢C-ªÃ-’âDµ èÇB§ŒÕ ²Äª½y“- A¹ N¬Áy-N-ŸÄu-©§ŒÕ¢ (ƒ’îo) X¾ªî¹~ X¾ÊÕo© ÆŸµ¿u-§ÕŒ -Ê¢©ð «Ö®¾ªd ý ‚X¶ý Âëժýq (‡¢.Ââ.)ÊÕ “X¾„-¬ä Á-åX-šËd¢C. ¯ä†-ʾ ©ü ÆÂÃ-œO¿ Õ ‚X¶ý ¹®„¾d þÕq, ‡Â¹q-ªáèü Æ¢œþ ¯Ãªîˆ-šÂË úq (‡¯þ-\-®¨ -Ô -‡¯þ) ®¾£¾Ç-ÂÃ-ª½¢Åî ƒ’îo ¨ ÂÕqÊÕ Eª½y-£ÏÇ¢-Í-ÊŒ Õ¢C. ÂÕq ®Ï©-¦-®ýÊÕ ‡¯þ-\-®-¨ Ô -‡¯þ ª½Ö¤ñ¢-C-®¾Õh¢C. “X¾„-¬ä Ç©Õ, ¦ðŸµÊ¿ , „çÕšÌ-J-§ŒÕ©ü, ®¾J-Xd -ê¶Ï Â-†-¯¾ þ-©ÊÕ ƒ’îo X¾ª½u-„-Âä Ë~-®¾Õh¢C. ‚Jn-¹-«u-«®¾n N®¾h%A åXª½Õ’¹Õ-ÅîÊo KÅÃu X¾ÊÕo© EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× «Õ¢* …Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ …¢šÇªá. Ÿä¬Á ‚ŸÄ-§ŒÕ¢©ð ŸÄŸÄX¾Û 50 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ X¾ªî¹~ X¾ÊÕo© ŸÄyªÃ¯ä «®¾Õh¢C. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x X¾ªî¹~ X¾ÊÕo© EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× «ÕJ¢ÅŒ “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ …¢{Õ¢C. ÂÕq N«-ªÃ-©Â¹× www.ignou.ac.in ͌֜¿-’¹-©ª½Õ.

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ƒÊÖq-骯þq, „äÕ¯ä-èü-„çÕ¢-šü©ð ®¾J-Xd -é¶Ï šü ÂÕq H«Ö ª½¢’¹¢©ð Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©ÊÕ Ÿ¿%†Ï©d 𠅢͌Õ-ÂíE, ¹ªÃg-{-¹-©ðE «ÕºË-¤Ä©ü ÆÂÃ-œO¿ Õ, å£ÇÍý-œ-‡Î -Xý¶ ®Ô ²Äd¢œ¿ªýf ©ãXj ¶ý ®¾¢§Œá-¹h¢’à ®¾J-Xd -é¶Ï šü ÂÕqÊÕ “X¾„-¬ä Á-åX-šÇdªá. ƒÊÖq-骯þq Æ¢œþ „äÕ¯ä-èü-„çÕ¢-šü©ð «âºão@Áx P¹~º ÂÕq ƒC. ƒ¢Ÿ¿Õ©ð 骢œ¿Õ ¯ç©© P¹~º, ‹ ¯ç© ƒ¢{-ªýo-†XÏ ý …¢{Õ¢C. ÂÕq X¾ÜJh-Í-®ä ÊÏ „ÃJÂË å£ÇÍý-œ-‡Î -X¶ý®Ô ²Äd¢œ¿ªýf ©ãXj ¶ý ®¾¢®¾n 殩üq N¦µÇ-’¹¢©ð …Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©ÊÕ Â¹Lp-®¾Õh¢C. ‡¢H\ Íä®ÊÏ Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ƒ²Ähª½Õ. \Ÿç¯j à “’Ãœ¿Õu-§äÕ-†¯¾ þ, ¤ò®¾Õd “’Ãœ¿Õu-§äÕ-†¯¾ þ ©äŸÄ ‡¢H\ Íä®ÊÏ Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ©n Õ Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç®¾Õh Í䮾Õ-Âî-«ÍŒÕa. ƒÊÖq-骯þq, „äÕ¯ä-èü-„çÕ¢šü, ®¾¢¦¢-Cŵ Œ ª½¢’éðx ÆÊÕ-¦µ¼«¢ …Êo-„Ã-JÂË “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ©Gµ-®¾Õh¢C. ªÃÅŒ-X-K¾ ¹~, ƒ¢{ª½Öyu ‚ŸµÄ-ª½¢’à Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ-©n ÊÕ ‡¢XϹ Íä²Ähª½Õ.

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'Rains'

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ŠÂîˆ-²ÄJ ÂíEo X¾ŸÄ-©Â¹× ¦£¾Ý -«-ÍÊŒ ¢ …¢Ÿî ©äŸî «ÕÊÂ¹× ®¾Õp´J¢-ÍŸŒ ¿Õ. Æ©Ç¢-{-XÛ¾ pœ¿Õ ‚ X¾Ÿ-“¿ X¾-§çÖ-’¹¢©ð ÅŒœ-¦¿ -œ¿Õ-ŌբšÇ¢. ƒ¢Tx-†ý©ð OÕ X¾J-èÇc-¯ÃEo X¾K-ÂË~¢-ÍÕŒ -Âî-„Ã-©E …¢ŸÄ? ƪáÅä ÂË¢Ÿ¿ ƒ*aÊ ÂËyèüÊÕ X¾ÜJh-Í-§ ä ŒÕ¢œË. 'ÂÌÑ •„Ã-¦Õ-©Åî OÕ •„Ã-¦Õ-©ÊÕ ¤ò©Õa-¹×E, ²òˆéª¢Åî Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-ÂË! I. Choose the correct sentences: 01) A.These books are not intended to you B. These books are not intended at you C. These books are not intended for you D. These are not the books which are intended to you 02) A. Rain is likely today B. A rain is likely today C. Rains are likely today D. We are likely to have a rain today 03) A. He is a painter, a poet, a scientist and an architect all rolled into one B. He is a painter and a poet, a scientist and an architect C. He is not only a painter but also a painter, a scientist and an architect D. He is a painter, poet, scientist and architect, all rolled into one 04) A. Neither he nor I is interested in it B. Neither he nor I am interested in it C. Neither I nor he is interested in it D. Neither I nor he am interested in it 05) A. Myself saw him do it

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B. I only saw him do it C. I myself saw him do it D. Myself only saw him do it II. Choose the correct word that has the meaning of the groups of words below: 06) A Group of chickens: A. Brood B. Flight C. Hive D. Litter 07) A Group of birds: A. Crowd B. Hover C. Cloud D. Flight 08) A group of flies: A. Flock B. Swarm C. Gaggle D. nest 09) A group of parrots: A. Company B. Mob C. Leash D. Gaggle

10) A group of buffalos/ cows: A. Pride B. Herd C. Company D. Flock KEY: 01 C,02 A, 03 D, 04 B, 05 C, 06 A, 07 D, 08 B, 09 A, 10 B

N«-ªº½ ƒC’î 01. Answer: C. wrong.

¨ X¾Û®¾h-ÂÃ©Õ FÂ¹× …ŸäPl ¢*ÊN

02. Answer A: ƒ„Ãy@Á D, wrong

(intended) ÂëÛ. Intended ÅŒªÃyÅŒ

«ª½¥¢ ªÃ«ÍŒÕa ÆE ƪ½n¢.

Rain, uncountable.

Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x

‡X¾Ûœ¿Ö

for ªÃ„ÃL.

Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E

A rain ƯÃo rains ƯÃo

A, D and B,

®¾J Âß¿Õ. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E

B, C &

03. Answer D. ŠÂ¹-JêÂ

…Êo ÆEo ’¹ÕºÇ©Ö ÍçæXp-{-X¾Ûœ¿Õ, ‚ ’¹ÕºÇ-©©ð „ç៿šË ŸÄEÂË «á¢Ÿ¿Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ a/an „ÃœÄh¢. ƒÂ¹ˆœ¿ ÆÅŒE *“ÅŒ-ÂÃ-ª½Õœ¿Ö, ¹N, ¬Ç®¾„Y- Åä Œh, „î¾Õh-PLpÐ ÆFo, ÆE sentence ƪ½n¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E ÆEo¢-š-ÂË ¹¯Ão «á¢Ÿ¿ÕÊo painter «á¢Ÿ¿Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ 'a' „Ãœ¿{¢ correct. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ©ð ‚®¾ÂËh ÆÅŒ-EÂÌ ©äŸ¿Õ, ¯ÃÂ¹Ø ©äŸ¿Õ ÆE ƪ½n¢. ƒ©Ç Neither... nor (ÆD ©äŸ¿Ö, ƒD ©äŸ¿Ö)Åî 骢œ¿Õ subjects ÊÕ Nœ¿-D-®-ÊÏ -X¾Ûœ¿Õ, verb 骢œî subject ÊÕ ¦šËd …¢{Õ¢C. ƒÂ¹ˆœ¿ 骢œî subject 'I' ÂæšË,d am ªÃ„ÃL. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹×E A and D wrong. IÅî ƒ¢ê subject ʪá¯Ã „ÃœË-Ê-X¾Ûœ¿Õ, I ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Ö *«ª½ „ÃœÄh¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E Neither I nor he ÆÊ{¢ (B) wrong. 04. Answer B.

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05. Answer C: ÆÅŒÊÕ ƒC Í䧌Õ{¢ ¯äÊÕ (¯ä¯)ä ͌֬ÇÊÕ ÆÊo ƪ½n¢Åî. Sentence ÊÕ ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Ö Myself, yourself, himself ©Ç¢šË pronouns Åî “¤Äª½¢-Gµ¢ÍŒ¢. A and D Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E ÅŒXÛ¾ p. I only ÆÊ{¢ Â¹ØœÄ ®¾J Âß¿Õ. ¯ä¯ä ÆE ¹*aÅŒ¢’à Íç¤Äp-Lq-Ê-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ, I ÆE

«ÕÊ¢ ¹¢ª¸½¢Åî ¯íÂˈ X¾©Õ-¹×Åâ. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹×E

B, wrong.

II. 06 ÊÕ¢*

10 «ª½Â¹× X¾Â¹~ש/ •¢ÅŒÕ-«Û©/ ÂÌ{-Âé ’¹Õ¢X¾Û-©Â¹× English ©ð „Ãœä «Ö{©Õ (Collective nouns). 06. Answer A. ÂîœË-X-© Ï ©x ®¾«â£¾Ç¢ - Brood. (B) Flight = X¾Â¹~ש ’¹Õ¢X¾Û. (C) Hive - Åä¯-šç -’Ì ¹© «â¹. (D) Litter - ¹×¹ˆ-©Çx¢šË •¢ÅŒÕ-«Û©, „ÃšË XÏ©©x ®¾«â£¾Ç¢ (Litter = ¨Ê{¢ Р¹×¹ˆ-©Çx¢šË •¢ÅŒÕ-«Û©Õ) 07. Answer D. X¾Â¹~ש

®¾«â£¾Ç¢ (‚ÂÃ-¬Á¢©ð ‡Têª) C. Cloud= NÕœ¿-Å© Œ ’¹Õ¢X¾Û

A flight of birds; A. Crowd= «ÕÊÕ-†¾ß©

08.Answer: B (¨’¹©

’¹Õ¢X¾Û, ªíŸ¿ Íäæ®); A: Flock= ’í“骩 «Õ¢Ÿ¿ „çÖ®¾-’Ã@ÁÙ} ’¹Õ¢X¾Û’à …¢œä Íî{Õ

C. Gaggle = ¦ÇŌթ

’¹Õ¢X¾Û B. Hover= Âùש ’¹Õ¢X¾Û

’¹Õ¢X¾Û; D: Nest = ’¹Öœ¿Õ/ Ÿí¢’¹©/

09. Answer A. *©-¹©

’¹Õ¢X¾Û (Company) B: mob: «ÕÊÕ-†¾ß© «â¹/ Ââ’¹-ª½Ö© «â¹ C: Leash=ʹˆ© «â¹, D: Gaggle = ¦ÇÅŒÕ-©-’¹Õ¢-X¾Û-ÊÂ¹× ƒ¢Âî «Ö{. 10. Answer B. X¾¬ÁÙ-«Û©

«Õ¢Ÿ¿

A: Pride =

®Ï¢£¾É-©-’¹Õ¢X¾Û. Ð ‡¢. ®¾Õêª-¬Á¯þ

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