Chaduvu-11th May, 2009
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ÆŸµ¿u-§ŒÕ-¯Ã-©©ð ¨ EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× ÆŸ¿Õs´-Å-„Œ çÕÊi Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©Õ¢-šÇªá. «áÈu¢’à ‡¯îo „ÃuŸµ¿Õ-©Â¹× ƒ¢Âà »†¾-ŸµÄ©Õ ¹ÊÕ-Âîˆ-„ÃLq …Êo¢-Ÿ¿ÕÊ, “œ¿’û œËè-Eãj ¢’û ª½¢’¹¢ ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq Íä®-ÊÏ -„Ã-JÂË «Õ¢* Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©ÊÕ Â¹Lp¢-Í-ÊŒ Õ¢C. ‰šÌ ª½¢’¹¢©ð ®¾¢Â~¼¢ Ÿ¿%³Ädu „ÃJÂË ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq «Õ¢* “X¾ÅÃu-«Öo§ŒÕ¢ ÂÃ’¹-©Ÿ¿Õ. éÂNÕ®ÔZ, X¶>Ï Âúq, ¦§ŒÖ-©°, „çŸj ¿u EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× Â¹ØœÄ ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq ÂÕq «©x “X¾§çÖ-•Ê¢ …¢{Õ¢C. NŸä-¬Ç©ðx Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ \®ÔH Íä®-ÊÏ -„Ã-JE ƒX¾p-š-«Ë -ªÂ½ ¹× ¦§çÖ-Âïþ, ªÃu¯þ-¦ÇÂÌq, ‚²òZè- ¯ã þ, N“¤ò, Ÿ±Ä«Õq¯þ, å£ÇÍý-®-‡Ô ©ü, šï骢šü ¤¶ÄªÃt, ‡¢.œ¿-¦Õxu.>., ‡¢.‡®ý. ²ÄyNÕ¯Ã-Ÿ¯µ¿ þ ¤¶ù¢œä-†¯¾ þ, ®Ô®-‡Ô ¢H, ‰‰-®šÔ ,Ì ®Ôœ-‡Î -X¶ýœ,Î WGx-§ŒÕ¢šü ¦§çÖ-®®Ï ý, ÅŒC-ŪŒ ½ ¹¢åX-F©Õ, ®¾¢®¾©n Õ E§ŒÕ-NÕ¢-ÍŒÕ-¹×-¯Ãoªá. ¦§çÖ-ƒ-Êp´-êªt-š-ÂË úqÂ¹× NŸä-¬Ç©ðx «Õ¢* …ÊoÅŒ NŸÄu-«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¯Ãoªá. Ưä-¹-«Õ¢C NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ •ª½tF, Æ„çÕ-JÂÃ, ÅŒC-ŪŒ ½ Ÿä¬Ç©ðx ‡¢.‡®ý., ƒ¢˜ã-“ê’-˜œã þ XÔå£Ç-ÍýœÎ Í䮾Õh-¯Ãoª½Õ. ’¹ÅŒ ¦ÇuÍý©ð Âí¢ÅŒ-«Õ¢C NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ å£jÇŸ¿-ªÃ-¦Ç-Ÿþ-©ðE ‰‰-‰-š©Ì 𠇢.˜ãÂú. ®Ô{Õx ²ÄCµ¢-Íê½Õ. «áÈu¢’à Šê ÂÕq ŸÄyªÃ ‰‰-®šÔ ,Ì ®ÔœÄuÂú, èä‡-¯þ-š§ Ì Œâ ©Ç¢šË „çNj Ÿµ¿u ª½¢’éðx æXª½ÕÊo ®¾¢®¾-©n ðxE EX¾Û-ºÕ© P¹~º ©Gµ¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ ¨ ÂÕq “X¾Åäu-¹Å.Œ ƢŌ-ªÃbB- §ŒÕ “X¾«Ö-ºÇ-©Åî ¹؜ËÊ “X¾§çÖ-’¹-¬Ç-©©Õ, X¾J-¬ð-Ÿ-µ¿ ¹×©Õ, ÆŸµÄu-X-¾ ¹×©Õ NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¢œ¿{¢ «Õªî N¬ì†¾¢. Ð œÄ¹ªd ý §Œá.‡-®ý.-‡-¯þ.-«âJh œçéj ª-¹ªd ý “ê’œþ å®j¢šË®ý,d ÂîЂ-J-¯f -{ä ªý, ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq “¤ò“’ÄþÕ, ‰‰-®šÔ Ì
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«ª½Â¹Ø 4 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’Ã, 83Ð88 «ª½Â¹Ø 8 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’à ƒÍÃaª½Õ. Æ¢˜ä “X¾A ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×-©d ðÊÖ 30 “X¾¬Áo-©©ð 24 “X¾¬Áo©Õ 4 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’Ã, 6 “X¾¬Áo©Õ 8 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’à ƒÍÃaª½Õ. “X¾A ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×-©d ðÊÖ “X¾¬Áo©Õ «ª½Õ-®’¾ à ÂùעœÄ «ÕŸµ¿u©ð 8 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo©Õ ƒ«yœ¿¢ «©x NŸÄuJn ÆCµÂ¹ èÇ“’¹ÅŒh «£ÏÇ¢-ÍÃ-Lq-«-*a¢C. ¦µ÷A-¹-¬Ç-®¾Y¢©ð ¨²ÄJ ®ÏŸÄl´¢-Å-XŒ -ª¾ -„½ çÕÊi “X¾¬Áo©Õ ®¾C-¬Á© ª½ÖX¾¢©ð Æ«-¹-©Ê¢, «u«-¹-©Ê¢ Í䧌Ö-LqÊ “X¾¬Áo©ÕРƢ˜ä «ÖuŸ±þq …X¾-§çÖT¢-ÍÃ-Lq-ÊN ‡Â¹×ˆ-«’à …¯Ãoªá. Ÿµ¿yE©ð 2, ®Ïªn ½ NŸ¿Õu-ÅŒÕh©ð 4, “X¾„ã¾Ç NŸ¿Õu-ÅŒÕh©ð 2, NŸ¿Õu-Ÿ-§ ¿ ŒÕ-²Äˆ¢-Å-ÅŒ Œy¢©ð 4, ‚Ÿµ¿Õ-E¹ ¦µ÷A-¹-¬Ç-®¾Y¢©ð 5, …†¾g¢©ð 5, “¤ÄÂË-Âd ¹©ü X¶>Ï -Âúq©ð 2, “’¹£Ç¾ -’¹-ÅÕŒ ©Õ, ®¾ª@½ Á £¾ÇªÃ-ÅŒt¹ ÍŒ©Ê¢, ®ÏAn -²Än-X-¾ ¹Å,Œ ÂâA, ÆGµ-XÖ¾¶ -ÅéÕ, ¬ÁÙŸ¿l´ ’¹A-¹¬Ç²ÄY©ðx 1 ÍíX¾ÛpÊ “X¾¬Áo©Õ «ÍÃaªá. Æ¢˜ä ƒ¢{ªý CyB§ŒÕ ®¾¢«-ÅŒq-ª½¢©ð 18 “X¾¬Áo©Õ, “X¾Ÿ«±¿ Õ ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½ ®Ï©-¦-®ý©ð 12 “X¾¬Áo©Õ …¯Ãoªá. ’¹ÅŒ \œÄC ŸÄŸÄX¾Û \ ¬ÇÅŒ¢©ð N¦µ¼-•Ê •J-T¢Ÿî ¨ \œÄC Â¹ØœÄ N¦µ¼-•Ê ŸÄŸÄX¾Û Æ©Çê’ …¢C. ƪáÅä NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ¤Äª¸½u-X¾Û-®¾h-ÂÃ-©ÊÕ ÍŒŸ-«¿ {¢ Æ©-„Ã{Õ Í䮾Õ¹ע-˜¯ä ä ®ÏŸÄl´¢-Å-XŒ -ª¾ -„½ çÕÊi “X¾¬Áo-©Â¹× •„Ã¦Õ ªÃ§ŒÕ-šÇ-EÂË O©Õ¢-{Õ¢C. ƒ¢{ªý ¦Ç’à ͌C-N-Ê-„ê½Õ X¶>Ï Â- úq©ð ŸÄŸÄX¾Û 60 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo©Õ ¦Ç’à ªÃ§ŒÕ-’¹-L-’ê½Õ. 30 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo©Õ ÂíCl’à ¹†¾d¢. NÕT-LÊ 10 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo©Õ ÂíCl’à ¹†d¢¾ ’ÃÐ èä¨-¨ÂË ÅŒ§ŒÖ-éª-Êj -„ê½Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ ªÃæ®©Ç …¯Ãoªá. ƪáÅä NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ÅíL 90 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo© ’¹ÕJ¢* ÂùעœÄ NÕT-LÊ 10 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ ’¹ÕJ¢* ‡Â¹×ˆ« ÂéÇEo ʆ¾-¤d ò-ÅŒÕ-¯Ãoª½Õ. «ÖuŸ±-«¿ Ö-šÂË úq, éÂNÕ-®ÔZ©ðx Â¹ØœÄ ŸÄŸÄX¾Û ƒŸä NŸµ-„¿ çÕÊi ®¾ªR½ …¢C. „Ú˩ð Â¹ØœÄ NŸÄuJn ÂíCl’à ¹†¾d¢’à ÆÊÕ-¹×Êo ¦µÇ’¹¢ 10 ÊÕ¢* 15 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ. ƒX¾Ûpœ¿Õ ®ÔE-§ŒÕªý ƒ¢{-ªýÂ¹× «®¾ÕhÊo NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ èÇ“’¹-ÅŒh’à ’¹«Õ-E¢-ÍÃ-Lq¢CÐ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ 90 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo-©ÊÖ, ÅŒªÃyÅä NÕT-LÊ 10 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo-©ÊÕ X¾šËd¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„Ã-©E ’¹ÕJh¢-Í{Œ ¢. ¨ ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½¢ WE-§ŒÕªý ƒ¢{ªý X¶>Ï -Âúq©ð åX¶ªá-©-Êãj -„ÃJ ®¾¢Èu ÍÃ©Ç ‡Â¹×ˆ«’à …¢C. “X¾A “X¾¬Ço ®Ï©-¦-®ý©ðEŸä, ¤Äª¸½u-X¾Û-®¾h¹¢ ÊÕ¢Íä ƒÍÃaª½Õ. ÂÃF NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ƒ¢{ªý ¤Äª¸½u-XÛ¾ -®¾h-ÂÃ-©ÊÕ ÍŒŸ-«¿ -¹-¤ò-«œ¿„äÕ åX¶ªá-©-«y-šÇ-EÂË Âê½-º-«ÕE ÍçX¾p-«ÍŒÕa. ’¹ÅŒ ®¾¢«-ÅŒq-ªÃ-©Åî ¤òLæ®h “X¾¬ÁoX¾“ÅŒ¢ ÍÃ©Ç ¦Ç’¹Õ¢C. “X¾A “X¾¬Ço ¤òšÌ X¾K-¹~-©Â¹× …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-Xœ¾ ©ä Ç’Ã¯ä ƒÍÃaª½Õ. ƒ¢Âà ŠÂ¹šË 骢œ¿Õ “X¾¬Áo-X-“¾ ÅÃ©Õ ƒ©Çê’ «æ®h NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ÅŒX¾p-¹עœÄ ¤Äª¸½u-X¾Û-®¾h-ÂÃ-©ÊÕ ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«Û-Åê½Õ.
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®ÏN-©üq X¾-K¹~©ð é’©ÕX¾Û ŸÄJ! ®ÏN©ü ®¾Ky-å®®ý “¤ÄŸ±-N¿ Õ¹ X¾K¹~ (“XÏL-NÕ-ÊK) „äÕ 17Ê •ª½-’¹-¦ð-Åî¢C. DE©ð ¯ç’¹{_ ¢ ®ÏN©üq “X¾²Än-Ê¢©ð Â̩¹¢. “XÏL-NÕ-ÊK©ð N•§ŒÕ¢ ²ÄCµ¢-Í-šŒ Ç-EÂË Æ«-®-ª¾ -„½ çÕÊi „çÕ©-¹×-«-©ÊÕ N«-J-®¾Õh-¯Ãoª½Õ '“¦ãªá¯þ “šÌÑ ’î¤Ä-©-¹%†¾.g
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®¾¢Èu ¦Ç’à åXJ-T¢C. ¨ \œÄC “X¾¬Áo© ®¾¢Èu Âí¢ÅŒ ÅŒ’¹«_ ÍŒÕa. •Ê-ª-©½ ü-å®j¯þq ®¾¦ãb¹שd Eo-š-©Ë ðÊÖ ¦§ŒÖ-©-°ÂË “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ‡Â¹×ˆ«. £¾Þu«Õ¯þ ®Ï®„¾d þÕ, £¾Þu«Õ¯þ œË°-è-®ã ý© ÊÕ¢* ÆCµÂ¹ “X¾¬Áo©Õ «Íäa Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Á-«á¢C. *
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ªÃæ®-„ÃJ ®¾¢Èu åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-Åî¢-Ÿ¿¢˜ä Ʀµ¼uª½Õ©n ðx ‚¢Ÿî-@ÁÊ Â¹ØœÄ åXª½-’¹{¢ ®¾£¾Ç•¢. ¨ X¾J-®-ÅÏn ŒÕ©ðx “X¾A ÅŒX¾Ûp ®¾«ÖŸµÄ¯ÃEÂÌ N•§ŒÖEo „çXj ©¶¾ u¢’à «Öêªaæ® ¬ÁÂËh …¢{Õ¢-ŸE¿ ’¹ÕJh¢-ÍÃL. Åî*Ê •„Ã¦Õ N†¾-§ŒÕ¢©ð X¾ÜJh-Ê-«Õt¹¢ ¹ן¿-ª-½ ¹-¤òÅä é’®ý Í䧌Õ-«ÍŒÕa. ‡X¾Ûp-œ¿¢˜ä... ¹F®¾¢ 骢œ¿Õ Íêá-®ý-©ÊÕ ‚ÅŒt-N-¬Çy-®¾¢Åî Åí©-T¢-Í-’Œ ¹-L-T-Ê-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ! ©ä¹ע˜ä é’®ý© èðL-Â-¤Ë ò-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. ƒ³Äd-K-AÊ é’®ý©Õ åXšË-Êd „- ê½Õ ÂË¢Ÿ¿šË ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½¢ ¦Ç’à Ÿç¦s-A-¯Ãoª½Õ.
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„çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ©ð ŸÄ*¢C ‡¢ÅŒ ¦µ¼“Ÿ¿¢? ®¾ÅŒu ˜äX¾Û OÕŸ¿ Ê„çÖŸ¿Õ Íä®¯Ï Ã, ®Ï.œË. OÕŸ¿ ªÃ®Ï¯Ã ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ §ŒÕŸ±Ä-Å-ŸŒ ±¿¢’à …¢{Õ¢C. ÂíEo \@ÁÙ} ŸÄE «áÈ¢ ͌֜¿-¹-¤ò-ªá¯Ã ÆŸç-©Ç¢šË «Öª½Öp ©ä¹עœÄ …¢{Õ¢C. ÂÃF «ÕÊ „çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ Æ©Ç¢-šCË Âß¿Õ. ŸÄE-OÕŸ¿ Ê„çÖŸ¿Õ Íä®ÊÏ ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Ö ŠÂ¹ˆ©Ç …¢œ¿Ÿ¿Õ.
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ƒ¢“C§ŒÕ ®¾«Ö-Íê½ ®¾t%A «ÕÊ¢ ªîœ¿Õf OÕŸ¿ „ç@ì}-{-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ ©äŸÄ ‹ X¾Û®¾h¹¢ ÍŒC-„-{ä -X¾Ûpœ¿Õ ‡¢Åî ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ «ÕÊ èÇc¯ä¢-“C-§ŒÖ© OÕŸ¿ X¾œ¿Õ-ŌբC. ÂÃF ŸÄE X¾{x ÅŒTÊ Æ«-ŸµÄÊ¢ (attention)ƒ«y-¹-¤ò-«œ¿¢ «©x ÆŸ¿¢Åà Ɵ¿%-¬Áu„çÕi ¤òŌբC. …Dl-Xʾ ¹L-T¢Íä ¨ ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ èÇc¯ä¢“- C§ŒÕ ²Änªá©ð å®Â¹ÊÕ Â¹¯Ão Ō¹׈« æ®æX …¢{Õ¢C. ƒC „çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ «ª½Â¹Ø Í䪟½ ¿Õ. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õê DEo ƒ¢“C§ŒÕ ®¾«Ö-Íê½ Ÿ¿¬Á ÆE XÏ©Õ-²Ähª½Õ. ƪáÅä ¨ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ª½¢©ð Âí¢ÅŒ «Ö“ÅŒ¢ Æ«-ŸµÄ-¯ÃEo ¦šËd „çÕŸ¿-œ¿Õ-©ðE ¯ÃœÎ «Õ¢œ¿-©¢-©ðE …Êo-Å-²Œ Än-ªá-©ðÂË “X¾„-Pä -®¾Õh¢C.
®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A (Short term memory) „çÕŸ¿-œ¿ÕÂ¹× ÍäJÊ ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A©ð …¢{Õ¢C. „çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ ‚ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo N¬ì-†x -®Ï ¾Õh¢C, „Ãu‘Çu-E-®¾Õh¢C; …X¾-§çÖ’¹ Eª½Õ-X-§ ¾ çÖ-’Ã-©ÊÕ ¦äKV „䮾Õh¢C. ¨ Ÿ¿¬Á©ð ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ Âî¾h ‡Â¹×ˆ-«-æ®X¾Û Æ¢˜ä ƒª½„çj å®Â¹-Ê-¤x Ä{Õ E©y …¢{Õ¢C. ‚ ÅŒªÃyÅŒ N®¾t-ª-º½ Â¹× ’¹Õª½«Û-ŌբC. ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A©ð \œ¿Õ ©äŸÄ ‡E-NÕC Æ¢¬Ç© ¹¢˜ä ‡Â¹×ˆ« ’¹Õª½Õh¢-œ«¿ Û. ŸÄEÂË •cXÏh …¢Íä ²Ä«Õª½nu¢ Ō¹׈«. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«-©¯x ä ®¾¦µ¼©ðx, ®¾«Ö-„-¬ä Ç©ðx «ÕÊÂ¹× X¾J-Í-§ Œ ŒÕ-„çÕÊi «u¹×h© æXª½Õ,x „ÃJ N«-ªÃ©Õ ÅŒªÍ½ ŒÖ «ÕJa-¤ò-ÅÕŒ ¢šÇ¢. 5/12/2009 5:33
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Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A (Long term memory) «ÕÊÂ¹× X¾JÍŒ§ŒÕ-„çÕÊi ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ Æ«-®-ª¾ -„½ çÕ-Êi -X¾Ûœ¿Õ/ …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-¹-ª-«½ ÕE «ÕÊ¢ ÆÊÕ-¹×-Êo-X¾Ûœ¿Õ ÆC ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A ÊÕ¢* Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%AÂË ¦CM Æ«Û-ŌբC. ¨ Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A ÂíEo ’¹¢{©Õ, ªîV©Õ, ¯ç©©Õ, ®¾¢«-ÅŒq-ªÃ©Õ... *«JÂË °NÅŒ X¾ª½u¢ÅŒ¢ «Õ®Ïh-†¾ˆ¢©ð EÂË~-X¾h„çÕi …¢{Õ¢C. «ÕÊ èÇcX-¾ Ã-©©ð ‡Â¹×ˆ« ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ ‡Â¹×ˆ-«-Âé¢ E©y …¢œäC ƒÂ¹ˆœä. DEÂË X¾J-NÕ-ÅŒÕ©Õ ©ä«Û. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ«- -©¯x ä \Ÿç¯j à ŠÂ¹ N†¾§ŒÕ¢ ‹ ²ÄJ Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A-©ðÂË „ç@Á}œ¿¢ •J-TÅä ŸÄEo «ÕJa-¤ò-«œ¿¢ •ª½-’¹-Ÿ¿¢-šÇª½Õ. ŸÄEo „çL-Â-BË -§ÕŒ œ¿¢ ÆEo-„-@ä Á©Ç ²ÄŸµ¿u¢ Âù-¤ò-«ÍŒÕa ÂÃF N®¾t-J¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ •ª½-’¹Ÿ¿Õ. Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A 骢œ¿Õ ª½ÂÃ-©Õ’à …¢{Õ¢C. * ŠÂ¹šË …Ÿ¿¢-Åé (episodic)®¾t%A. °N-ÅŒ¢-©ðE ®¾Eo-„-¬ä Ç©Õ, ®Ôy§ŒÕ °N-ÅÃ-ÊÕ-¦µ¼-„Ã©Õ DEÂË …ŸÄ-£¾Ç-ª-º ½ ©Õ. ƒN ²ñ¢ÅŒ ÆÊÕ-¦µ¼«¢ ÊÕ¢* «ÍäaN ÂæšËd °N-ÅâŌ¢/ ‡Â¹×ˆ« Âé¢ ’¹Õª½Õh¢-šÇªá. NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ÂíEo …Ÿ¿¢-ÅÃ-©Õ’Ã, ͌¹ˆE ®¾Eo-„-¬ä Ç-©Õ’à «Õ©-ÍŒÕ-¹ע˜ä ‚ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ‡Â¹×ˆ« Âé¢ ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{Õd-Âî-’¹-©Õ-’¹Õ-Åê½Õ. 骢œîC 宫֢-šÂË ú (semantic)®¾t%A. Æ¢˜ä ¦µÇ†¾, ¦µÇ«¢, ƪ½n¢, E§ŒÕ«Õ E¦¢-Ÿ-ʵ¿ -©Â¹× ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢-*Ê ®¾t%A. NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{ÕdÂî-«-©-®ÊÏ ‡Â¹×ˆ« ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ DEÂË ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢-*-ÊŸä. *
®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%AE Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A’à «Öª½aœ¿¢ ‡©Ç? ÍéÇ-«Õ¢C NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ‡¢Åî ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«ÛÅÖŒ …¢šÇª½Õ. ©äŸÄ X¾K-¹~©Õ «Íäa-®-J¾ ÂË \D ’¹Õª½Õh¢-œ{¿ ¢ ©äŸE¿ „äò-ÅŒÖ-«Û¢-šÇª½Õ. DEÂË Â꽺¢Ð „ÃJÂË ®¾y©pÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%AE Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A’à ‡©Ç «Öª½Õa-Âî-„éð ÅçL-§ŒÕ-¹-¤ò«œ¿„äÕ. ‡«-J-é¯j à ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ’à «á¢Ÿ¿Õ’à ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%Aê Í䪽Õ-ŌբC. ƪáÅä ®¾éªÊj Æ«-ŸµÄÊ¢, “¬ÁŸ¿l´ ÍŒÖX¾Â¹¤ò«œ¿¢ «©x N®¾t-ª-º½ Â¹× ’¹Õª½«ÛŌբC. Æ©Ç Âù ŸÄEo Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ •cXÏhÂË ¦Ÿ¿-©Ç-ªá¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ •J-TÅä ¬Ç¬Áy-ÅŒ¢’à ’¹Õª½Õh¢-{Õ¢C.
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J£¾É-ª½q©ü(Rehearsal) ¨ *“ÅŒ¢©ð ÍŒÖXÏ-Ê{Õd ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A©ð …¢œä ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A-©ðÂË X¾¢¤Ä-©¢˜ä J£¾É-ª½q©ü Í䧌ÖL. ‡«ªî ª½Í-ªŒ áÅŒ ªÃ®ÏÊ ®¾¢¦µÇ-†-º¾ -©ÊÕ Ê{Õœ¿Õ ÅŒÊ-N’à X¾©-ÂÃ-©¢˜ä ÂÃT-Å-OŒ ÕtŸ¿ ֮͌¾Öh X¾©-¹-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. ÆÅŒœË ’¹Õ¢œç-©ð-Ōթ ÊÕ¢* ªÃ„ÃL. Æ©Ç ªÃ„Ã-©¢˜ä „ÚËE ÅŒÊ «Õ®Ïh-†¾ˆ¢©ð ¦µ¼“Ÿ¿-X-ª¾ -ͽ ŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL. Æ¢Ÿ¿ÕÂ¹× ‚ Ê{Õœ¿Õ ‚ÍŒJ¢Íä “X¾“Â˧Ռ J£¾É-ª½q©ü. Ê{ÕœË «ÖC-J-’ïä NŸÄuJn å®jÅŒ¢ ÅÃÊÕ ’¹Õª½Õh¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-Ÿ’¿ ¹_ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo J£¾É-ª½q©ü Í䮾Öh-«Û¢-œÄL. D¯äo ‚«%Ah (JXÏ-š-†Ë ¯¾ þ) Æ¢šÇª½Õ. ‚«%Ah èÇcX-¾ ¹-¬Á-ÂhË ÂË ÅŒL-©x Ç¢šËC. ¤ñ©ÇEo ¯Ã’¹-LÅî Ÿ¿ÕEo-Ê-X¾Ûœ¿Õ ÍÃ@ÁÙ} \ª½p-œ-Å¿ êá. „ÚËE Æ©Ç «C-©æä ®h “¹„äÕXÔ Â¹X¾p-œ-¤Ë ò-ªá-Ê-{Õx-’Ã¯ä ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ÅíL-²Ä-J’à ͌C-N-Ê-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ „çÕŸ¿-œ¿Õ©ð ŸÄE Æ¢¬Á (trace)\ª½p-œ¿Õ-ŌբC. ŸÄEo Æ©Ç «C-©æä ®h “¹«Õ¢’à «Õª½Õ-’¹Õ-Ê-X-œ¾ -¤Ë ò-ŌբC. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x ‚ Æ¢¬Á «Õª½Õ-’¹Õ-X-œ¾ -¿ ¹-«á¢Ÿä «ÕS} ÍŒŸ-„¿ ÃL. «ÕÊÊ¢ Í䮾Õ-Âî-„ÃL. ‡Eo-²Äª½Õx «ÕÊÊ¢ Í䮾Õ-¹ע˜ä •cXÏh Æ¢¬Á („çÕ«ÕK “˜ä®ý) ƢŌ ¦©¢’à Ō§ŒÖ-ª-«½ Û-ŌբC. ÆC ®¾p†¾d¢’à ’¹Õª½Õh¢-{Õ¢C. \ N†¾-§ŒÖ-Êo-ªá¯Ã ‡Â¹×ˆ-«-Âé¢ ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{Õd-Âî-„Ã-©¢˜ä ÆC «ÕÊ®¾Õ ÊÕ¢* ÍçJ-T-¤ò-¹-«á¢Ÿä ¦©-X-ª¾ -ͽ ŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL. ƒ©Ç ¦©-Xª¾ ͽ ŒÕ¹ׯä ÆÅŒÕu-ÅŒh«Õ ²ÄŸµÊ¿ ¢ ‚«%Ah.
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…¯Ãoªá. NªÃ-«Ö© «ÕŸµ¿u-ÂÃ-©¢©ð «ÕÊ ÆÍä-ÅÊŒ «ÕÊ®¾Õ ¨ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃ-EÂÌ ÅŒÊ©ð …¢œä NÕ’¹Åà ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃ-EÂÌ ÆÊÕ-®¾¢-ŸµÄÊ¢ Í䧌Õ-œÄ-EÂË “X¾§ŒÕAo-®¾Õh¢C. ŸÄE-«©x ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{Õd-Âî-«œ¿¢ ÅäL-¹-«Û-ŌբC.
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ÆŸµ¿u-§ŒÕ-¯Ã-©©ð ¨ EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× ÆŸ¿Õs´-Å-„Œ çÕÊi Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©Õ¢-šÇªá. «áÈu¢’à ‡¯îo „ÃuŸµ¿Õ-©Â¹× ƒ¢Âà »†¾-ŸµÄ©Õ ¹ÊÕ-Âîˆ-„ÃLq …Êo¢-Ÿ¿ÕÊ, “œ¿’û œËè-Eãj ¢’û ª½¢’¹¢ ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq Íä®-ÊÏ -„Ã-JÂË «Õ¢* Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©ÊÕ Â¹Lp¢-Í-ÊŒ Õ¢C. ‰šÌ ª½¢’¹¢©ð ®¾¢Â~¼¢ Ÿ¿%³Ädu „ÃJÂË ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq «Õ¢* “X¾ÅÃu-«Öo§ŒÕ¢ ÂÃ’¹-©Ÿ¿Õ. éÂNÕ®ÔZ, X¶>Ï Âúq, ¦§ŒÖ-©°, „çŸj ¿u EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× Â¹ØœÄ ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq ÂÕq «©x “X¾§çÖ-•Ê¢ …¢{Õ¢C. NŸä-¬Ç©ðx Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ \®ÔH Íä®-ÊÏ -„Ã-JE ƒX¾p-š-«Ë -ªÂ½ ¹× ¦§çÖ-Âïþ, ªÃu¯þ-¦ÇÂÌq, ‚²òZè- ¯ã þ, N“¤ò, Ÿ±Ä«Õq¯þ, å£ÇÍý-®-‡Ô ©ü, šï骢šü ¤¶ÄªÃt, ‡¢.œ¿-¦Õxu.>., ‡¢.‡®ý. ²ÄyNÕ¯Ã-Ÿ¯µ¿ þ ¤¶ù¢œä-†¯¾ þ, ®Ô®-‡Ô ¢H, ‰‰-®šÔ ,Ì ®Ôœ-‡Î -X¶ýœ,Î WGx-§ŒÕ¢šü ¦§çÖ-®®Ï ý, ÅŒC-ŪŒ ½ ¹¢åX-F©Õ, ®¾¢®¾©n Õ E§ŒÕ-NÕ¢-ÍŒÕ-¹×-¯Ãoªá. ¦§çÖ-ƒ-Êp´-êªt-š-ÂË úqÂ¹× NŸä-¬Ç©ðx «Õ¢* …ÊoÅŒ NŸÄu-«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¯Ãoªá. Ưä-¹-«Õ¢C NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ •ª½tF, Æ„çÕ-JÂÃ, ÅŒC-ŪŒ ½ Ÿä¬Ç©ðx ‡¢.‡®ý., ƒ¢˜ã-“ê’-˜œã þ XÔå£Ç-ÍýœÎ Í䮾Õh-¯Ãoª½Õ. ’¹ÅŒ ¦ÇuÍý©ð Âí¢ÅŒ-«Õ¢C NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ å£jÇŸ¿-ªÃ-¦Ç-Ÿþ-©ðE ‰‰-‰-š©Ì 𠇢.˜ãÂú. ®Ô{Õx ²ÄCµ¢-Íê½Õ. «áÈu¢’à Šê ÂÕq ŸÄyªÃ ‰‰-®šÔ ,Ì ®ÔœÄuÂú, èä‡-¯þ-š§ Ì Œâ ©Ç¢šË „çNj Ÿµ¿u ª½¢’éðx æXª½ÕÊo ®¾¢®¾-©n ðxE EX¾Û-ºÕ© P¹~º ©Gµ¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ ¨ ÂÕq “X¾Åäu-¹Å.Œ ƢŌ-ªÃbB- §ŒÕ “X¾«Ö-ºÇ-©Åî ¹؜ËÊ “X¾§çÖ-’¹-¬Ç-©©Õ, X¾J-¬ð-Ÿ-µ¿ ¹×©Õ, ÆŸµÄu-X-¾ ¹×©Õ NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¢œ¿{¢ «Õªî N¬ì†¾¢. Ð œÄ¹ªd ý §Œá.‡-®ý.-‡-¯þ.-«âJh œçéj ª-¹ªd ý “ê’œþ å®j¢šË®ý,d ÂîЂ-J-¯f -{ä ªý, ¦§çÖ ƒÊp´-êªt-šÂË úq “¤ò“’ÄþÕ, ‰‰-®šÔ Ì
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«ª½Â¹Ø 4 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’Ã, 83Ð88 «ª½Â¹Ø 8 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’à ƒÍÃaª½Õ. Æ¢˜ä “X¾A ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×-©d ðÊÖ 30 “X¾¬Áo-©©ð 24 “X¾¬Áo©Õ 4 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’Ã, 6 “X¾¬Áo©Õ 8 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo-©Õ’à ƒÍÃaª½Õ. “X¾A ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×-©d ðÊÖ “X¾¬Áo©Õ «ª½Õ-®’¾ à ÂùעœÄ «ÕŸµ¿u©ð 8 «Öª½Õˆ© “X¾¬Áo©Õ ƒ«yœ¿¢ «©x NŸÄuJn ÆCµÂ¹ èÇ“’¹ÅŒh «£ÏÇ¢-ÍÃ-Lq-«-*a¢C. ¦µ÷A-¹-¬Ç-®¾Y¢©ð ¨²ÄJ ®ÏŸÄl´¢-Å-XŒ -ª¾ -„½ çÕÊi “X¾¬Áo©Õ ®¾C-¬Á© ª½ÖX¾¢©ð Æ«-¹-©Ê¢, «u«-¹-©Ê¢ Í䧌Ö-LqÊ “X¾¬Áo©ÕРƢ˜ä «ÖuŸ±þq …X¾-§çÖT¢-ÍÃ-Lq-ÊN ‡Â¹×ˆ-«’à …¯Ãoªá. Ÿµ¿yE©ð 2, ®Ïªn ½ NŸ¿Õu-ÅŒÕh©ð 4, “X¾„ã¾Ç NŸ¿Õu-ÅŒÕh©ð 2, NŸ¿Õu-Ÿ-§ ¿ ŒÕ-²Äˆ¢-Å-ÅŒ Œy¢©ð 4, ‚Ÿµ¿Õ-E¹ ¦µ÷A-¹-¬Ç-®¾Y¢©ð 5, …†¾g¢©ð 5, “¤ÄÂË-Âd ¹©ü X¶>Ï -Âúq©ð 2, “’¹£Ç¾ -’¹-ÅÕŒ ©Õ, ®¾ª@½ Á £¾ÇªÃ-ÅŒt¹ ÍŒ©Ê¢, ®ÏAn -²Än-X-¾ ¹Å,Œ ÂâA, ÆGµ-XÖ¾¶ -ÅéÕ, ¬ÁÙŸ¿l´ ’¹A-¹¬Ç²ÄY©ðx 1 ÍíX¾ÛpÊ “X¾¬Áo©Õ «ÍÃaªá. Æ¢˜ä ƒ¢{ªý CyB§ŒÕ ®¾¢«-ÅŒq-ª½¢©ð 18 “X¾¬Áo©Õ, “X¾Ÿ«±¿ Õ ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½ ®Ï©-¦-®ý©ð 12 “X¾¬Áo©Õ …¯Ãoªá. ’¹ÅŒ \œÄC ŸÄŸÄX¾Û \ ¬ÇÅŒ¢©ð N¦µ¼-•Ê •J-T¢Ÿî ¨ \œÄC Â¹ØœÄ N¦µ¼-•Ê ŸÄŸÄX¾Û Æ©Çê’ …¢C. ƪáÅä NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ¤Äª¸½u-X¾Û-®¾h-ÂÃ-©ÊÕ ÍŒŸ-«¿ {¢ Æ©-„Ã{Õ Í䮾Õ¹ע-˜¯ä ä ®ÏŸÄl´¢-Å-XŒ -ª¾ -„½ çÕÊi “X¾¬Áo-©Â¹× •„Ã¦Õ ªÃ§ŒÕ-šÇ-EÂË O©Õ¢-{Õ¢C. ƒ¢{ªý ¦Ç’à ͌C-N-Ê-„ê½Õ X¶>Ï Â- úq©ð ŸÄŸÄX¾Û 60 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo©Õ ¦Ç’à ªÃ§ŒÕ-’¹-L-’ê½Õ. 30 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo©Õ ÂíCl’à ¹†¾d¢. NÕT-LÊ 10 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo©Õ ÂíCl’à ¹†d¢¾ ’ÃÐ èä¨-¨ÂË ÅŒ§ŒÖ-éª-Êj -„ê½Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ ªÃæ®©Ç …¯Ãoªá. ƪáÅä NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ÅíL 90 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo© ’¹ÕJ¢* ÂùעœÄ NÕT-LÊ 10 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ ’¹ÕJ¢* ‡Â¹×ˆ« ÂéÇEo ʆ¾-¤d ò-ÅŒÕ-¯Ãoª½Õ. «ÖuŸ±-«¿ Ö-šÂË úq, éÂNÕ-®ÔZ©ðx Â¹ØœÄ ŸÄŸÄX¾Û ƒŸä NŸµ-„¿ çÕÊi ®¾ªR½ …¢C. „Ú˩ð Â¹ØœÄ NŸÄuJn ÂíCl’à ¹†¾d¢’à ÆÊÕ-¹×Êo ¦µÇ’¹¢ 10 ÊÕ¢* 15 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ. ƒX¾Ûpœ¿Õ ®ÔE-§ŒÕªý ƒ¢{-ªýÂ¹× «®¾ÕhÊo NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ èÇ“’¹-ÅŒh’à ’¹«Õ-E¢-ÍÃ-Lq¢CÐ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ 90 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo-©ÊÖ, ÅŒªÃyÅä NÕT-LÊ 10 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ “X¾¬Áo-©ÊÕ X¾šËd¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„Ã-©E ’¹ÕJh¢-Í{Œ ¢. ¨ ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½¢ WE-§ŒÕªý ƒ¢{ªý X¶>Ï -Âúq©ð åX¶ªá-©-Êãj -„ÃJ ®¾¢Èu ÍÃ©Ç ‡Â¹×ˆ«’à …¢C. “X¾A “X¾¬Ço ®Ï©-¦-®ý©ðEŸä, ¤Äª¸½u-X¾Û-®¾h¹¢ ÊÕ¢Íä ƒÍÃaª½Õ. ÂÃF NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ƒ¢{ªý ¤Äª¸½u-XÛ¾ -®¾h-ÂÃ-©ÊÕ ÍŒŸ-«¿ -¹-¤ò-«œ¿„äÕ åX¶ªá-©-«y-šÇ-EÂË Âê½-º-«ÕE ÍçX¾p-«ÍŒÕa. ’¹ÅŒ ®¾¢«-ÅŒq-ªÃ-©Åî ¤òLæ®h “X¾¬ÁoX¾“ÅŒ¢ ÍÃ©Ç ¦Ç’¹Õ¢C. “X¾A “X¾¬Ço ¤òšÌ X¾K-¹~-©Â¹× …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-Xœ¾ ©ä Ç’Ã¯ä ƒÍÃaª½Õ. ƒ¢Âà ŠÂ¹šË 骢œ¿Õ “X¾¬Áo-X-“¾ ÅÃ©Õ ƒ©Çê’ «æ®h NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ÅŒX¾p-¹עœÄ ¤Äª¸½u-X¾Û-®¾h-ÂÃ-©ÊÕ ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«Û-Åê½Õ.
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®ÏN-©üq X¾-K¹~©ð é’©ÕX¾Û ŸÄJ! ®ÏN©ü ®¾Ky-å®®ý “¤ÄŸ±-N¿ Õ¹ X¾K¹~ (“XÏL-NÕ-ÊK) „äÕ 17Ê •ª½-’¹-¦ð-Åî¢C. DE©ð ¯ç’¹{_ ¢ ®ÏN©üq “X¾²Än-Ê¢©ð Â̩¹¢. “XÏL-NÕ-ÊK©ð N•§ŒÕ¢ ²ÄCµ¢-Í-šŒ Ç-EÂË Æ«-®-ª¾ -„½ çÕÊi „çÕ©-¹×-«-©ÊÕ N«-J-®¾Õh-¯Ãoª½Õ '“¦ãªá¯þ “šÌÑ ’î¤Ä-©-¹%†¾.g
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®¾¢Èu ¦Ç’à åXJ-T¢C. ¨ \œÄC “X¾¬Áo© ®¾¢Èu Âí¢ÅŒ ÅŒ’¹«_ ÍŒÕa. •Ê-ª-©½ ü-å®j¯þq ®¾¦ãb¹שd Eo-š-©Ë ðÊÖ ¦§ŒÖ-©-°ÂË “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ‡Â¹×ˆ«. £¾Þu«Õ¯þ ®Ï®„¾d þÕ, £¾Þu«Õ¯þ œË°-è-®ã ý© ÊÕ¢* ÆCµÂ¹ “X¾¬Áo©Õ «Íäa Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Á-«á¢C. *
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ªÃæ®-„ÃJ ®¾¢Èu åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-Åî¢-Ÿ¿¢˜ä Ʀµ¼uª½Õ©n ðx ‚¢Ÿî-@ÁÊ Â¹ØœÄ åXª½-’¹{¢ ®¾£¾Ç•¢. ¨ X¾J-®-ÅÏn ŒÕ©ðx “X¾A ÅŒX¾Ûp ®¾«ÖŸµÄ¯ÃEÂÌ N•§ŒÖEo „çXj ©¶¾ u¢’à «Öêªaæ® ¬ÁÂËh …¢{Õ¢-ŸE¿ ’¹ÕJh¢-ÍÃL. Åî*Ê •„Ã¦Õ N†¾-§ŒÕ¢©ð X¾ÜJh-Ê-«Õt¹¢ ¹ן¿-ª-½ ¹-¤òÅä é’®ý Í䧌Õ-«ÍŒÕa. ‡X¾Ûp-œ¿¢˜ä... ¹F®¾¢ 骢œ¿Õ Íêá-®ý-©ÊÕ ‚ÅŒt-N-¬Çy-®¾¢Åî Åí©-T¢-Í-’Œ ¹-L-T-Ê-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ! ©ä¹ע˜ä é’®ý© èðL-Â-¤Ë ò-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. ƒ³Äd-K-AÊ é’®ý©Õ åXšË-Êd „- ê½Õ ÂË¢Ÿ¿šË ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½¢ ¦Ç’à Ÿç¦s-A-¯Ãoª½Õ.
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„çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ©ð ŸÄ*¢C ‡¢ÅŒ ¦µ¼“Ÿ¿¢? ®¾ÅŒu ˜äX¾Û OÕŸ¿ Ê„çÖŸ¿Õ Íä®¯Ï Ã, ®Ï.œË. OÕŸ¿ ªÃ®Ï¯Ã ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ §ŒÕŸ±Ä-Å-ŸŒ ±¿¢’à …¢{Õ¢C. ÂíEo \@ÁÙ} ŸÄE «áÈ¢ ͌֜¿-¹-¤ò-ªá¯Ã ÆŸç-©Ç¢šË «Öª½Öp ©ä¹עœÄ …¢{Õ¢C. ÂÃF «ÕÊ „çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ Æ©Ç¢-šCË Âß¿Õ. ŸÄE-OÕŸ¿ Ê„çÖŸ¿Õ Íä®ÊÏ ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Ö ŠÂ¹ˆ©Ç …¢œ¿Ÿ¿Õ.
Ê„çÖŸ¿Õ Íäæ® ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ „çÕŸ¿-œ¿Õ©ð ÊÖuª½©ü ÍÃ@ÁÙ} (neural traces) ’à …¢{Õ¢C. ¨ ÍÃ@ÁÙ} ¦©¢’à …¢œË „çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ ¹ºÇ© (neurons)«ÕŸµ¿u Ÿ¿%œµ-„¿ çÕÊi ÆÊÕ-®¾¢-ŸµÄÊ¢ …Êo¢-Å-«Œ -ª½ê ®¾t%ÅŒÕ©Õ …¢šÇªá. ÆN ®¾Êo-T-LÅx ä ®¾t%ÅŒÕ©Õ „çÕ©x’à ƢŌ-ªÃnÊ¢ Æ«ÛÅ- êá. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x ‹²ÄJ Ê„çÖ-Ÿ-Êçj N «ÕÊ „çÕŸ¿-œ¿Õ©ð ‡X¾p-šÂË Ì …¢šÇ-§ŒÕ¯ä ¦µ¼ªî²Ä ©äŸ¿Õ. «ÕÊ ®¾t%ÅŒÕ©Õ «âœ¿Õ ª½ÂéÕ. ÆNÐ ƒ¢“C§ŒÕ ®¾«Ö-Íê½ ®¾t%A, ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A, Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A.
ƒ¢“C§ŒÕ ®¾«Ö-Íê½ ®¾t%A «ÕÊ¢ ªîœ¿Õf OÕŸ¿ „ç@ì}-{-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ ©äŸÄ ‹ X¾Û®¾h¹¢ ÍŒC-„-{ä -X¾Ûpœ¿Õ ‡¢Åî ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ «ÕÊ èÇc¯ä¢-“C-§ŒÖ© OÕŸ¿ X¾œ¿Õ-ŌբC. ÂÃF ŸÄE X¾{x ÅŒTÊ Æ«-ŸµÄÊ¢ (attention)ƒ«y-¹-¤ò-«œ¿¢ «©x ÆŸ¿¢Åà Ɵ¿%-¬Áu„çÕi ¤òŌբC. …Dl-Xʾ ¹L-T¢Íä ¨ ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ èÇc¯ä¢“- C§ŒÕ ²Änªá©ð å®Â¹ÊÕ Â¹¯Ão Ō¹׈« æ®æX …¢{Õ¢C. ƒC „çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ «ª½Â¹Ø Í䪟½ ¿Õ. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õê DEo ƒ¢“C§ŒÕ ®¾«Ö-Íê½ Ÿ¿¬Á ÆE XÏ©Õ-²Ähª½Õ. ƪáÅä ¨ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ª½¢©ð Âí¢ÅŒ «Ö“ÅŒ¢ Æ«-ŸµÄ-¯ÃEo ¦šËd „çÕŸ¿-œ¿Õ-©ðE ¯ÃœÎ «Õ¢œ¿-©¢-©ðE …Êo-Å-²Œ Än-ªá-©ðÂË “X¾„-Pä -®¾Õh¢C.
®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A (Short term memory) „çÕŸ¿-œ¿ÕÂ¹× ÍäJÊ ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A©ð …¢{Õ¢C. „çÕŸ¿œ¿Õ ‚ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo N¬ì-†x -®Ï ¾Õh¢C, „Ãu‘Çu-E-®¾Õh¢C; …X¾-§çÖ’¹ Eª½Õ-X-§ ¾ çÖ-’Ã-©ÊÕ ¦äKV „䮾Õh¢C. ¨ Ÿ¿¬Á©ð ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ Âî¾h ‡Â¹×ˆ-«-æ®X¾Û Æ¢˜ä ƒª½„çj å®Â¹-Ê-¤x Ä{Õ E©y …¢{Õ¢C. ‚ ÅŒªÃyÅŒ N®¾t-ª-º½ Â¹× ’¹Õª½«Û-ŌբC. ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A©ð \œ¿Õ ©äŸÄ ‡E-NÕC Æ¢¬Ç© ¹¢˜ä ‡Â¹×ˆ« ’¹Õª½Õh¢-œ«¿ Û. ŸÄEÂË •cXÏh …¢Íä ²Ä«Õª½nu¢ Ō¹׈«. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«-©¯x ä ®¾¦µ¼©ðx, ®¾«Ö-„-¬ä Ç©ðx «ÕÊÂ¹× X¾J-Í-§ Œ ŒÕ-„çÕÊi «u¹×h© æXª½Õ,x „ÃJ N«-ªÃ©Õ ÅŒªÍ½ ŒÖ «ÕJa-¤ò-ÅÕŒ ¢šÇ¢. 5/12/2009 5:33
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Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A (Long term memory) «ÕÊÂ¹× X¾JÍŒ§ŒÕ-„çÕÊi ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ Æ«-®-ª¾ -„½ çÕ-Êi -X¾Ûœ¿Õ/ …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-¹-ª-«½ ÕE «ÕÊ¢ ÆÊÕ-¹×-Êo-X¾Ûœ¿Õ ÆC ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A ÊÕ¢* Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%AÂË ¦CM Æ«Û-ŌբC. ¨ Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A ÂíEo ’¹¢{©Õ, ªîV©Õ, ¯ç©©Õ, ®¾¢«-ÅŒq-ªÃ©Õ... *«JÂË °NÅŒ X¾ª½u¢ÅŒ¢ «Õ®Ïh-†¾ˆ¢©ð EÂË~-X¾h„çÕi …¢{Õ¢C. «ÕÊ èÇcX-¾ Ã-©©ð ‡Â¹×ˆ« ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ ‡Â¹×ˆ-«-Âé¢ E©y …¢œäC ƒÂ¹ˆœä. DEÂË X¾J-NÕ-ÅŒÕ©Õ ©ä«Û. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ«- -©¯x ä \Ÿç¯j à ŠÂ¹ N†¾§ŒÕ¢ ‹ ²ÄJ Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A-©ðÂË „ç@Á}œ¿¢ •J-TÅä ŸÄEo «ÕJa-¤ò-«œ¿¢ •ª½-’¹-Ÿ¿¢-šÇª½Õ. ŸÄEo „çL-Â-BË -§ÕŒ œ¿¢ ÆEo-„-@ä Á©Ç ²ÄŸµ¿u¢ Âù-¤ò-«ÍŒÕa ÂÃF N®¾t-J¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ •ª½-’¹Ÿ¿Õ. Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A 骢œ¿Õ ª½ÂÃ-©Õ’à …¢{Õ¢C. * ŠÂ¹šË …Ÿ¿¢-Åé (episodic)®¾t%A. °N-ÅŒ¢-©ðE ®¾Eo-„-¬ä Ç©Õ, ®Ôy§ŒÕ °N-ÅÃ-ÊÕ-¦µ¼-„Ã©Õ DEÂË …ŸÄ-£¾Ç-ª-º ½ ©Õ. ƒN ²ñ¢ÅŒ ÆÊÕ-¦µ¼«¢ ÊÕ¢* «ÍäaN ÂæšËd °N-ÅâŌ¢/ ‡Â¹×ˆ« Âé¢ ’¹Õª½Õh¢-šÇªá. NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ÂíEo …Ÿ¿¢-ÅÃ-©Õ’Ã, ͌¹ˆE ®¾Eo-„-¬ä Ç-©Õ’à «Õ©-ÍŒÕ-¹ע˜ä ‚ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ‡Â¹×ˆ« Âé¢ ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{Õd-Âî-’¹-©Õ-’¹Õ-Åê½Õ. 骢œîC 宫֢-šÂË ú (semantic)®¾t%A. Æ¢˜ä ¦µÇ†¾, ¦µÇ«¢, ƪ½n¢, E§ŒÕ«Õ E¦¢-Ÿ-ʵ¿ -©Â¹× ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢-*Ê ®¾t%A. NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{ÕdÂî-«-©-®ÊÏ ‡Â¹×ˆ« ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ DEÂË ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢-*-ÊŸä. *
®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%AE Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A’à «Öª½aœ¿¢ ‡©Ç? ÍéÇ-«Õ¢C NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ‡¢Åî ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«ÛÅÖŒ …¢šÇª½Õ. ©äŸÄ X¾K-¹~©Õ «Íäa-®-J¾ ÂË \D ’¹Õª½Õh¢-œ{¿ ¢ ©äŸE¿ „äò-ÅŒÖ-«Û¢-šÇª½Õ. DEÂË Â꽺¢Ð „ÃJÂË ®¾y©pÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%AE Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A’à ‡©Ç «Öª½Õa-Âî-„éð ÅçL-§ŒÕ-¹-¤ò«œ¿„äÕ. ‡«-J-é¯j à ®¾«Ö-Íê½¢ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ’à «á¢Ÿ¿Õ’à ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%Aê Í䪽Õ-ŌբC. ƪáÅä ®¾éªÊj Æ«-ŸµÄÊ¢, “¬ÁŸ¿l´ ÍŒÖX¾Â¹¤ò«œ¿¢ «©x N®¾t-ª-º½ Â¹× ’¹Õª½«ÛŌբC. Æ©Ç Âù ŸÄEo Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ •cXÏhÂË ¦Ÿ¿-©Ç-ªá¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ •J-TÅä ¬Ç¬Áy-ÅŒ¢’à ’¹Õª½Õh¢-{Õ¢C.
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J£¾É-ª½q©ü(Rehearsal) ¨ *“ÅŒ¢©ð ÍŒÖXÏ-Ê{Õd ®¾y©p-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A©ð …¢œä ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo Dª½`-ÂÃ-L¹ ®¾t%A-©ðÂË X¾¢¤Ä-©¢˜ä J£¾É-ª½q©ü Í䧌ÖL. ‡«ªî ª½Í-ªŒ áÅŒ ªÃ®ÏÊ ®¾¢¦µÇ-†-º¾ -©ÊÕ Ê{Õœ¿Õ ÅŒÊ-N’à X¾©-ÂÃ-©¢˜ä ÂÃT-Å-OŒ ÕtŸ¿ ֮͌¾Öh X¾©-¹-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. ÆÅŒœË ’¹Õ¢œç-©ð-Ōթ ÊÕ¢* ªÃ„ÃL. Æ©Ç ªÃ„Ã-©¢˜ä „ÚËE ÅŒÊ «Õ®Ïh-†¾ˆ¢©ð ¦µ¼“Ÿ¿-X-ª¾ -ͽ ŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL. Æ¢Ÿ¿ÕÂ¹× ‚ Ê{Õœ¿Õ ‚ÍŒJ¢Íä “X¾“Â˧Ռ J£¾É-ª½q©ü. Ê{ÕœË «ÖC-J-’ïä NŸÄuJn å®jÅŒ¢ ÅÃÊÕ ’¹Õª½Õh¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-Ÿ’¿ ¹_ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo J£¾É-ª½q©ü Í䮾Öh-«Û¢-œÄL. D¯äo ‚«%Ah (JXÏ-š-†Ë ¯¾ þ) Æ¢šÇª½Õ. ‚«%Ah èÇcX-¾ ¹-¬Á-ÂhË ÂË ÅŒL-©x Ç¢šËC. ¤ñ©ÇEo ¯Ã’¹-LÅî Ÿ¿ÕEo-Ê-X¾Ûœ¿Õ ÍÃ@ÁÙ} \ª½p-œ-Å¿ êá. „ÚËE Æ©Ç «C-©æä ®h “¹„äÕXÔ Â¹X¾p-œ-¤Ë ò-ªá-Ê-{Õx-’Ã¯ä ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃEo ÅíL-²Ä-J’à ͌C-N-Ê-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ „çÕŸ¿-œ¿Õ©ð ŸÄE Æ¢¬Á (trace)\ª½p-œ¿Õ-ŌբC. ŸÄEo Æ©Ç «C-©æä ®h “¹«Õ¢’à «Õª½Õ-’¹Õ-Ê-X-œ¾ -¤Ë ò-ŌբC. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x ‚ Æ¢¬Á «Õª½Õ-’¹Õ-X-œ¾ -¿ ¹-«á¢Ÿä «ÕS} ÍŒŸ-„¿ ÃL. «ÕÊÊ¢ Í䮾Õ-Âî-„ÃL. ‡Eo-²Äª½Õx «ÕÊÊ¢ Í䮾Õ-¹ע˜ä •cXÏh Æ¢¬Á („çÕ«ÕK “˜ä®ý) ƢŌ ¦©¢’à Ō§ŒÖ-ª-«½ Û-ŌբC. ÆC ®¾p†¾d¢’à ’¹Õª½Õh¢-{Õ¢C. \ N†¾-§ŒÖ-Êo-ªá¯Ã ‡Â¹×ˆ-«-Âé¢ ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{Õd-Âî-„Ã-©¢˜ä ÆC «ÕÊ®¾Õ ÊÕ¢* ÍçJ-T-¤ò-¹-«á¢Ÿä ¦©-X-ª¾ -ͽ ŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL. ƒ©Ç ¦©-Xª¾ ͽ ŒÕ¹ׯä ÆÅŒÕu-ÅŒh«Õ ²ÄŸµÊ¿ ¢ ‚«%Ah.
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…¯Ãoªá. NªÃ-«Ö© «ÕŸµ¿u-ÂÃ-©¢©ð «ÕÊ ÆÍä-ÅÊŒ «ÕÊ®¾Õ ¨ ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃ-EÂÌ ÅŒÊ©ð …¢œä NÕ’¹Åà ®¾«Ö-ÍÃ-ªÃ-EÂÌ ÆÊÕ-®¾¢-ŸµÄÊ¢ Í䧌Õ-œÄ-EÂË “X¾§ŒÕAo-®¾Õh¢C. ŸÄE-«©x ’¹Õª½Õh-åX-{Õd-Âî-«œ¿¢ ÅäL-¹-«Û-ŌբC.
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Chaduvu Main
5/12/2009 5:33
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