Arakan National Newspaper Aug 08 Issue[1]

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t}uHay;yk*~dKvfrsm; ygarmuQ a'guw f mat;ausmf OD;cifarmif=unf vSapm (James) t,f'DwmcsKyf aÏ;0if; tkycf sKyfa&;rª; cdkifrsKd;cspfxGef; owif;pkaqmif;olrsm; atmifjrifo h ed ;f (AMT) óudifoef;

rsK;d cdik f (aumhaomif;) ajAmuft;kd (qlemrd wrefawmf) tm;upm;u¾ zdk;aZmf tjyiftqifEiS x hf ikd ;f bmomjyef atmifausmfpdk; jzef@csda&; udv k aS t;armif (*syef) ukad tmifviG f (rav;&Sm;) xkwfa0onfhae&m befaumuf/ xdik ;f Edik if H

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rsK;d cspf &[ef;tmZmenf “&Jv#if}uH a=umufv#ifjyef” “ol&owWd enf;v#if ysupf ;D &rnf” “udk,fhzdk@}uHKv#if oufvkHaumif;=uap” “aoG;rxGufaom ppfyGJ}uD;udkqifE$J=u” “udk,fh&nfrSef;csuf atmifjrifcsif&if aemufrwGef@=ueJ@” q&mawmfOD;OwWr q&mawmf ysv H eG af wmfrcl w hJ m ,ck pufwif bm (9) &ufqdk&if (69)ESpf jynfh+yDjzpfyg w,f? jrefrmwdk@ aus;Zl;rarhtyfwJh EdkifiHh tmZmenfawGxrJ mS ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’ vnf ; tygt0if j zpf y gw,f ? jref r mh vGwfvyfa&;Adrmefudk yEMufcscJhol tmZm enf rsK;d cspyf *k Kd~ vfawGxrJ mS q&mawmf[m a&S@qkH;wef;rSyg0ifwJh &[ef;tmZmenf}uD; jzpfygw,f? 'Dae@acwf vli,fawG trSef w&m;&SmazG&mrSm pHerlemxm;&r,fh tmZm enf y k * ~ d K vf a wG t a=umif ; ud k rod r jrif Edik af tmif ppftm%m&Siaf wGu ydwq f @kd [ef@ wm;aewJ h t wG u f q&m}uD ; ocif u d k , f awmfr_dif;/ ocifatmifqef;/ q&mawmf OD;OwWr tp&Sw d hJ yk*Kd~ vfausmw f kd t h a=umif; a&;om;xm;wJh pmtkyfpmwrf;awG &Sm;yg; vmwm awG@ae&w,f? wu,fawmh 'Dvkd tmZmenfyk*~dKvf}uD;awG&J@ tawG;tjrif a[majym a&;om;csufawG[m "rR"dÏmef usavh&w dS ma=umifh trSew f &m;udk ESpo f uf axmufcHolwdk@twGuf vrf;n$efcsufawG jzpfwwfvdk@ygyJ? &[ef ; tmZmenf } uD ; ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’ ay:xGef;cJhwJhacwf[m +Adwdo#udk vdkeDacwf jzpfygw,f? ESpfumvtm;jzifh wGufppf&ifawmh ,ae@acwfeJ@ twefyif tvSr;f a0;aeygw,f? 'gayr,fh &[ef;tm Zmenf ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’&Jh a[majym a&;om;csufrsm;[m tm%m&Sif tquf qufukd pdeaf c:aeovdyk gy?J 'ga=umifv h nf; tm%mod r f ; ppf t pd k ; &tquf q uf u ‘q&mawmf O D ; OwW r ’&J @ bG J @ emrnf u d k ordkif;pmrsufESmay:u &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&Sd z,f & S m ;xm;cJ h w mjzpf y gw,f ? 'g[m tm%m&Siaf wGu ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’ udk acwfvli,fawGeJ@ tqufjzwfypfcsifvdk@ ygy?J 'gayr,fh vGwv f yfa&;/ w&m;r#wa&; eJ @ wef ; wl a &;ud k jrwf E d k ; ol a wG & S d a eor# ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’&J@ *k%fowif;[m xif&Sm;aerSmygyJ? jref r mh E d k i f i H a &;ord k i f ; ud k jyef v S e f avhvmwJt h cg 0dik t f rfbaD t (YMBA) ac: Ak ' < b momuvsm%,k 0 toif ; / aemif *spD b D aD t (GCBA) ac: jrefrmtoif;csKyf}uD; &J@ }udK;yrf;tm;xkwrf a_ wGukd csev f yS x f m;vd@k r&ygbl;? jrefrmtoif;csKyf}uD; wdk;wuf us,f j yef @ vmatmif oH C mawmf a wG oHCmhor*~DtzGJ@awG&J@ axmufcHtm;ay;r_ u t"d u ae&muyg0if y gw,f ? tJ ' D v d k oHCmawmfawG a&S@wef;rS wufwufºuGºuG wd k i f ; usKd ; jynf u sKd ; aqmif & G u f v matmif tOD;qk;H Edik if aH &;todtjrif rsupf zd iG ahf y;cJh wJh yk*~dKvfuawmh q&mawmfOD;OwWr ygyJ? Ak'. < pmayusr;f *efawGe@J tnD w&m;eJ@arG@ avsmf a e=uwJ h oH C mawmf w d k @ taeeJ @ q&mawmf OD;OwWra[majymwJh EdkifiHa&;/ pD ; yG m ;a&;/ vl r _ a &;a[majymcsuf a wG / Edik if w H um tawG@t}uKHawGukd csucf si;f em; 0ifz@kd rvG,yf gb;l ? 'gayr,fh aemifEpS t f wef i,f = umwJ h tcg q&mawmf O D ; OwW r &J h EdkifiHa&;w&m;awG[m pum;vkH;taeeJ@ rma=umaeayr,fh/ vufawG@ tESpfom&

t& trsKd ; bmom omoemtwG u f wu,f t usKd ; &S d a =umif ; od v mcsd e f r S m oHCmawGxkeJ@xnfeJ@ yg0ifaxmufcHcJh=u ygw,f? ord k i f ; bmomud k pd w f 0 if p m;+yD ; pmzwfavh&SdwJh vli,fawGuawmh ‘q&m awmf OD;OwWr&J@ bGJ@emrnfudk rvGJraoG rS w f r d r S m jzpf y gw,f ? txl ; ojzif h “u&ufa'guf *ufa'gu”f (Craddock, Get Out!) qdkwJh aºuG;a=umfoHudk owd&w,f qd&k if q&mawmfukd taotcsm rSwrf rd mS jzpfygw,f? “u&ufa'guf” (Sir Reginald Henry Craddock) [m tJ'aD cwfu jrefrm EdkifiH 'kwd,bk&ifcHjzpfygw,f? qefa&pyg;eJ@ o,HZmwrsK;d pkH aygºuG,f vSwJh jrefrmEdkifiHrSm wdkif;oljynfom;wdk@ pm;0wfaea&; cufcJusyfwnf; qif;&J'kuQ a&mufae=u&wm[m ‘tpdk;&nHhzsif;vGef; vdk@ jzpfw,f’vdk@ 1921 ckESpf rwfv 23 &ufae@ a';'&J+rdK@e,f qkuvyf&Gmw&m; yGrJ mS ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’u e,fcs@J tpd;k & ud k a0zef a [majymcJ h y gw,f ? tJ ' D v d k a0zefcJhvdk@ +Adwdo#ppfykvdyfwdk@&Jh zrf;qD; tusOf;cswm cHcJh&w,f? jrefrmhEdkifiHa&; ordik ;f rSm ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’ [m Edik if H a&;t& zrf;qD;axmifcscH&wJh yxrOD;qkH; &[ef;tmZmenfjzpfygw,f? ‘q&mawmf OD;OwWr’ [m Edik if w H um A[kow k vnf; ES@H pyfygw,f? 1903 ckEpS rf mS tdENd,EdkifiHrS wqifh jyifopf/ t*Fvef/ *smreD / tD * spf w d k @ od k @ c&D ; vS n f h v nf + yD ; Ed k i f i H w umta&;t&mrsm;ud k avh v m qnf;yl;cJhygw,f? Oa&myY &SdaepOf 1905 ckEpS f ±k&mS ;-*syef ppfjzpf&m *syefutEdik &f wJh owif;udk =um;wma=umifh zG@H +zdK;wd;k wufr_

‘[k r R ± l ; ’&a&; }ud K ;yrf ; tm;xk w f = uzd k @ q&mawmfu a&;om;a[majymygw,f? acwfynmwwfvil ,f vlvwfrsm;udv k nf; [k r R ± l ; oabmw&m;ud k em;0if a tmif aqG ; aEG ; ajymqd k y gw,f ? q&mawmf td E N d , Ed k i f i H r S m &S d p Of u td E N d , -jref r m ESpfEdkifiHvGyfvyfa&;twGuf uGef*&ufygwD acgif;aqmifawGeJ@ aqG;aEG;cJhzl;wJhtjyif q&mawmfu, kd w f ikd rf mS vnf; jrefrma'ocGJ uGef*&ufygwDtzGJ@0if jzpfygw,f? 1912 ckEpS rf mS q&mawmf *syefEikd if o H @kd 'k w d , t}ud r f o G m ;jyef y gw,f ? *syef r S m q&mawmf [ m ygVd E S i f h o uU É bmom ygarmuQ t jzpf wm0ef x rf ; &G u f y gw,f ? *syef a &muf w±k w f a usmif ; om;awG e J @ jrefrmEdik if aH &;&mudpu P kd aqG;aEG;cJzh ;l w,fv@kd od & ygw,f ? w±k w f E d k i f i H u d k v nf ; oG m ; a&mufvnfywfcyhJ gw,f? w±kwt f rsK;d om; acgif;aqmif a'gufwm qGef,ufqifESifh vnf ; awG @ qk H od u |rf ; cG i f h & &S d c J h y gw,f ? a'guf w mqG e f , uf q if E S i f h tm&S a 'o vGwfvyfa&;udpPrsm; aqG;aEG;cJhygw,f? yxr urB m ppf + yD ; umeD ; rS m q&mawmf jrefrmEdik if jH yefºuGcyhJ gw,f? tJ'D tcsed u f p+yD; jrefrmvlxk em;rsupf yd iG ahf pzd@k Edik if w H umrS &&S d c J h w J h tod y nm A[k o k w rsm;ES i f h ,SOw f +JG yD; Edik if aH &; w&m;a[majymygawmh w,f? q&mawmf&hJ a[majymcsuaf wG[m pum;vkH;ajymifajymif xdxdrdrd &SdvSwJh twGuf w&m;yGw J ikd ;f wd;k rayguaf tmif pnf um;w,fv@kd odro DS al wGu rSww f rf;wifchJ ygw,f? - jrefrmwdkif;oljynfom;wdk@[m usKd;EGHw,fqdkwJh atmufwef;uspdwf rsm;udk z,f&mS ;ypf=u&r,f?

“&Jv#i}f uH a=umufv#ijf yef” “ol&owWd enf;v#if ysupf ;D &rnf” “ud, k zhf @kd }uHKv#if oufvaHk umif;=uap” “aoG;rxGuaf om ppfy}JG uD;udq k ifE=J$ u” “ud, k &hf nfreS ;f csuf atmifjrifcsi&f if aemufrwGe@f =ueJ@”

q&mawmf OD;OwWr jrefqefwJh *syefEdkifiHta=umif;udk avhvm vd k p d w f j zpf v mygw,f ? 1907 ck E S p f r S m q&mawmf *syefEikd if aH &mufygw,f? wdu k sKd Ak ' < b momwuU o d k v f r S m ygVd E S i f h o uU É bmomqdik &f m ygarmuQtjzpf (4) ESpef ;D yg; aqmif&u G yf gw,f? jrefrmEdik if H tjyefc&D;rSm ud&k ;D ,m;/ refcsL;&D;,m;/ w±kw/f uarBm'D; ,m;ESifh xdkif;EdkifiHawGrSm 0ifa&mufcJhao; w,fvdk@ rSwfwrf;&Sdygw,f? 1911 ckESpf jrefrmEdkifiHjyefa&mufwJh tcg ‘0dik t f rfbaD t’udk pwifxal xmifc=hJ u wJh OD;bab/ OD;armif}uD;/ OD;b&if/ ol&, d owif ; pm pwif w nf a xmif c J h = uwJ h OD;buav;/ OD;vSaz tp&Sw d hJ tJ'aD cwfu vli,f vlvwfawGe@J t*Fvyd v f ufatmuf u vG w f a jrmuf z d k @ us,f u s,f j yef @ jyef @ Ed k i f i H a &;aqG ; aEG ; r_ a wG v k y f c J h y gw,f ? q&mawmf O D ; OwW r &J @ Ed k i f i H a &;tjrif u jrefrmEdkifiHudk t*Fvdyf vufatmufu vGwfajrmufa&;jzpfygw,f? vGwfvyfa&; r&ao;rDpyf=um; udk,fhwdkif;jynfudk udk,fh trsKd;om;wdk@ udk,fwdkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&a&;/

- jrefrmwdik ;f ol jynfom;wd@k [m pGrf;&nfowWd&Sda=umif;/ ynm&Sda=umif;eJ@ r[kwrf cH pdw"f gwu f kd jy&r,f? - 'Dvjkd yEdik &f if usKyfw@kd udk b,fou l rS apmfum;&J zdEydS &f rJ mS r[kwaf wmhb;l ? - b,fvt kd iftm;}uD;+yD; &ufpuf =urf;=uKwfwJhtpdk;&jzpfjzpf wdik ;f &if;om;taygi;f pnf;vk;H nDnmpGmeJ@ wGef;vSefEdkif=u&if wm&SnfcHEdkifr,f r[kwfygbl;? - ud, k &hf nfreS ;f csuf atmifapcsi&f if aemufrwGef@=ueJ@? a=umuftm;rydk=u eJ@? 'kuu Q kd y"ge rxm;=ueJ@? -[kr±R ;l wd@k vGwv f yfa&;wd@k qdw k m usKyfwdk@&xdkufwJh urBmhtarGtESpf}uD;rsm; jzpfw,f? - AsL±du k a&pD 0g'orm;awGu b,f avmufyJ aESmi@f,u S f aESmi@f,u S f wu,f&atmifvkyfEdkifwJh oabmrSef[m wdkif;oljynfom;wdk@ vufxJrSmom &Sdw,f? q&mawmf OD;OwWrtm; a&S;a[mif;

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tawG;tac:t,ltqwdk@udk y,fvSefol/ trsKd ; om;a&;pd w f " gwf wuf º uG a tmif v_H@aqmfoltjzpf ol@acwfvlxku vufcH xm;cJhygw,f? jrefrmEdkifiH 0HomEk trsKd; om;a&;v_ y f & S m ;r_ p wif a z:aqmif c J h w J h ‘*sDpDbDattoif;}uD;’&Jh EdkifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;r_ atmifjrifapa&;twGufvnf; q&mawmf u txl ; 0g,rpd k u f x k w f c J h y gw,f ? “u&ufa'guf *ufa'gu”f (Craddock, Get Out!) qdkwJh aºuG;a=umfoHa=umifh q&mawmfemrnf *k%fowif; ydkrdkay:vGif xif&mS ;vmygw,f? q&mawmf&@J a[majym csufawGa=umifh trsKd;om;a&;v_yf&Sm;r_ ydkrdkt&Sdef&vm+yD;/ vlxktrsm; EdkifiHa&; Ed k ; =um;vmygw,f ? 0H o mEk t oif ; awG vnf; trsm;tjym; ay:ayguv f mygw,f? ‘ol&d,owif;pm’uvnf; q&mawmf&@J a[majymrde@f =um;csurf sm;udk axmufcHa&;om;cJhygw,f? q&mawmf&J@ tawG;tjrifopf aqmif;yg;awGudkvnf; ol&d,owif;pmu wcrf;wem; az: jyyg w,f? Ak'o < moempnfyifw;kd wufapcsi&f if OD;pGmyxr u|eb f 0u vGwaf tmif vky&f r,f v d k @ q&mawmf u rd e f @ =um;ygw,f ? trsKd; bmom omoemtusKd;twGuf ‘oH C or*~ D ’ tzG J @ awG xl a xmif z d k @ / vG w f v yf a &;&atmif a qmif & G u f = uzd k @ / OD;OwWru rdef@=um;ygw,f? tJ'Daemuf Edik if t H ES@H rmS oHCor*~t D zG@J awG ay:vm+yD; Ed k i f i H a &;w&m;a[mwJ h oH C mawmf a wG wdk;yGm;vmygawmhw,f? q&mawmf OD;OwWru “'Dwdkif;jynf olwyg;vufatmufcH u|efEdkifiHjzpfae&if 'Dwdkif;jynfu vlrsKd;[mvnf; u|efvlrsKd;/ 'D v l r sKd ; ud k ; uG , f w J h bmom[mvnf ; u|ef b mom u|ef o moemjzpf r ,f ? 'ga=umifh u|eb f mom u|eo f moem tjzpf u vGwfatmif oHCmawmfrsm; ausmif; wGif usdef;tdyfrae=ubJ/ oHCor*~DtzGJ@ rsm;zG@J +yD; 'Dwikd ;f jynf 'Dvrl sK;d vGwv f yf atmif aqmif&u G o f if=h uw,f” vd@k yGiyhf iG hf

vif;vif; a[majymcJyh gw,f? q&mawmf&Jh 0g,rpdkufxkwfr_a=umifh 1921 ckEpS f Zlvikd f (1) &ufEiS hf (2) &ufwiG f oH C or*~ D t zG J @ aygif ; (30) ausmf r S udk,fpm;vS,fawG wufa&mufwJh tpnf; ta0;udk &efukef+rdK@rSm usif;yEdkifcJhw,f? q&mawmf oH C mawmf a wG / *sD p D b D a t toif ; acgif ; aqmif a wG tygt0if &[ef;&Siv f l y&dowfig;&mausmw f ufa&muf w,f? zsmykcH ±dik /f a';'&J+rdK@e,f/ qkuvyf&mG w&m;yGt J +yD; q&mawmf OD;OwWrudk Edik if aH &; w&m;a[mvdk@qdk+yD; tdENd,&mZowf}uD; yk'fr 124 (u) ESifh 153 (u) wdk@ t& t*Fvdyftpdk;&udk qef@usifwdkufcdkufa[m ajymr_ e J @ axmif ' %f tjypf a y;ygw,f ? &[ef ; &S i f v l jynf o l t rsm; rcH r &yf E d k i f zdESdyfwJh tpdk;&udk rausreyfjzpf=uygw,f? q&mawmfudk axmifcs vdkufwma=umifh ‘*sD p D b D a t’toif ; }uD ; ud k vl x k u yd k r d k axmufcH tm;ay;cJhwmawG@&ygw,f? q&mawmf yxrt}ud r f a xmif u jyef v G w f v mawmh / wjynf v k H ; vS n f h + yD ; EdkifiHa&;w&m; a[mjyefygw,f? “t*FvdyfypPnf;udk oydwfarSmuf=u” “t*FvdyfqdkifawGudk oydwfarSmuf=u” “wdik ;f &if;jzpf ypPn;f udk 0,f,l tm;ay;=u” “wdkif;&if;om;qdkifawGrSm 0,f,ltm;ay;=u” “'d@k vlrsK;d awG nDnw G rf S vGwv f yf csrf;omr,f” “[kr±R ;l ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKyfa&;&atmif awmif;qdk}udK;yrf;=u” “u&ufa'guf *ufa'gu”f (Craddock, Get Out!) qdkwJhaºuG;a=umfoHawGeJ@a[majymygw,f? 1924 ck E S p f &ef u k e f usKH ; }uD ; vrf ; eef;awmf±yk &f iS ±f w Hk &m;yGt J +yD; 'kw, d t}udrf tzrf ; cH & jyef y gw,f ? t*F v d y f t pd k ; &ud k t=unf n d K ysuf a patmif a[majym

a=umif; jypfrx _ if&mS ;w,fq+kd yD; tvky=f urf; ESihf axmif'%f (3) ESpf tjypfay;wmcH& jyef ygw,f? t*Fvdyftpdk;&taeeJ@ q&mawmfudk axmifcsvdkufwm[m rSm;,Gif;wJh tqkH; tjzwfv@kd qd&k rSmygy?J q&mawmfO;D OwWr&J@ ±d;k om;r_/ ud, k u f sK;d riJrh /_ wdik ;f jynfEiS hf vlxk tusK;d udo k m a&S;±_rw _ @kd a=umifh q&mawmf udk pHerlem,l+yD; oHCmawmf trsm;tjym; jrefrmtoif;csKyf}uD; (GCBA) Edik if aH &; v_yf&Sm;r_twGif; wwyfwtm; yg0ifvm =uygw,f? tpnf;ta0;rsm;/ uGezf &ifrh sm; rSm oHCmawmfrsm;yg0if aqG;aEG;a[majym vmygawmh w ,f ? oH C mh o r*~ D t zG J @ awG vnf; us,fus,fjyef@jyef@ zGJ@pnf;vm=uyg w,f? EdkifihHta&;t&mudpPawGrSm oHCmh or*~t D zG@J awG wufwufºuGºuG yg0ifaqmif &Gufvm=uygw,f? q&mawmf OD;OwWr[m jrefrmEdkifiH 'kw, d bk&ifcH u&ufa'gu&f @J ‘'dik t f mcDtyk f csKyfa&;pepf’udk qef@usifoljzpfygw,f? 0d k i f t rf b D a t&J @ tqd k u d k axmuf c H + yD ; ‘[k r R ± l ; ’ (Home Rule) &&S d a &; awmif ; qd k a [majymygw,f ? 'd k i f t mcD tkyfcsKyfa&;pepfrSm trwf (103) ae&m &mxm;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh a&G;aumufcu H , kd f pm;vS,f (79) OD;om cGifhjyKrSmjzpfygw,f? usef (24) ae&mu bk&ifccH ef@ AsL±du k &uf awG jzpfygw,f? jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,feJ@ AsL±du k &uft&m&Sad wG wGzJ uf+yD; tkycf sKyfwhJ tk y f c sKyf a &;pepf j zpf y gw,f ? Oya'jyK aumifprD mS Oya'=urf; tqdw k ckwifwt hJ cg a&G ; aumuf c H u d k , f p m;vS , f a wG t aeeJ @ rJtrsm;pk&+yD; tEdik &f ayr,fh bk&ifcH oabm rwlv#if (ADwdk) jzifh y,fcscH&Edkifygw,f? 'Dae@acwf ‘etz’&J@ anmifEpS yf ifz@JG pnf;ykH twdik ;f ygy?J Adv k cf sKyf}uD;wjzpfvJ orRwu oabmrwl&if bmrS vkyv f @kd r&wJo h abm ygyJ? 'ga=umifh 1922 Zlvdkif (15) (16) *sLAvDa[mtpnf;ta0;rSm q&mawmf

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