Aaharasazaung Issue 98

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

1

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

tm[m&0d k i f ; awmf o m;rsm;  t,f'DwmtzJGU ] udk&J&ifhatmif (tdE´d,EdkifiH)? udk&efEdkifxGef; (udk&D;,m;EdkifiH)? udkoufvif;? udkjrifhEkdif? udkodef;aX;/ pmpDpm½kduf ] udkrdk;BuD;/ aMumfjim'DZdkif; ] udkausmfaZ,sNrdKif/ aMumfjimwm0efcH ] udkrdk;ausmf? udkatmifpdk;jrifh/ jzefUcsda&;wm0efcH ] udk0if;pdk;? udkausm fausm fxGef;/ Website wm0efcH ] udk&Ja tmif/ Website owif;wm0efcH ] udka tmifEdkifausmf/ quf oG,f& efvdy fpm

zkef;eHygwfrsm;

AAHARASAZAUNG  Room 1­421, Toei Waseda Apart,  1­9­23, Nishiwaseda  Shinjuku­ku, Tokyo  JAPAN. (169­0051) 

090­5526­5507 / 03­6808­3692  080­1235­8093 / 050­1205­8610  090­4546­9418 / 03­6805­3411  080­5191­0700 / 080­3546­4745  090­8042­0981 / 090­6040­2080  090­1211­5971 / 080­3600­1229  080­3354­1977 / 080­5879­0197

E­mail : [email protected]  [email protected]  http://www.aaharasazaung.com  http://aaharamedia.blogspot.com/

tm[m&jrwfE dk; olr sm;twGu f æ tm[m& (tcrJh) pmapmif udk *syefjynfwGif ;/ jynfy&Sd atmufa z: jyyg pmay0goemwl cspf rdwfaqGrsm;xHrS &,lrSm=um;Edkifygonf? *syefjynftwGif;ESifh e,fpyfa'orsm;twGuf tcrJhjzef@csdygaomfvnf; zGH@+zdK;+yD; wdkif;EdkifiHrsm;rS tm[m&pmapmif tm; rSm,lvdkygu atmufaz: jyyg zkef;eHygwfrsm;rSaomf‚/ tD;ar;vfjzifhaomf‚ qufoG,fI wHq dy fa cgif;zdk; ydk@ay;&ef vdkt yfygrnf? ÐtdEdN,EdkifiH (e,l;a'vD) ³³³ udk& J& ifhatmif (91-92-1330-3335)/e­mail:[email protected]  Ðxdkif;EdkifiH (rJaqmuf+rdK@) ³³³ udkvGrf;%D (66-8-4547-4295)/ e­mail:[email protected]  ÐpuFmylEdkifiH ³³³ udkbkef;rif;ZGef (65-9831-8474)/ e­mail:[email protected]  Ðudk& D;,m;EdkifiH ³³³ udk&efEdkifxGef; (82-11-9723-4773)/e­mail:[email protected]  Ðatmfpa=w;vs ³³³ F cifarmifaxG; (61-421-245-452)/ e­mail:[email protected]  Ðtar&duefjynfaxmifpk ³³³ q&marmifpdk;csdef/ (zdk@wf0def;+rdK@) q&mra':ZifZif? (1-260-745-7458)/ e­mail:[email protected]  Ðtar&duefjynfaxmifpk ³³³ udkausmf0if; e­mail:[email protected] (z&D;armifh) Ð*syef (em*dk,m) ³³³ udk0if;xGef;oef; (81-090-8556-8164)

2

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

rmwdum tzGihpf um; ??? tm[m&0dkif;awmfom;rsm;rS ---19? &uf(40)wdkufyGJ --cspfaomrdwfaqGnDtudk armifESrrsm;odk@ 24? jynfwGif;jynfyrD'D,m --

uAsm

27? &moDcGift}udwftcJ

5? ydawmufyef;

----

&J&ifhoufZGJ ---

---

10? rdrdajcoHudk a&wGufjcif;

--

11? tvdktyfqHk;t&m

-----

----

vSoef; 33? prlqmwyfrawmf &efEdkifxGef; ppfa0;

-- -

14? }udK;awGjzwfypfvdkufw,f -

-----

--

0rf;enf;rSwfwrf; ----

aqmif;,Gef;v 39? oHcJwdk@taz

OD;oef@

okw? &o? aqmif;yg; 16? tm[m&pmtkyfpif

*gr%d

=o&

tmum

txl;aqmif;yg; 15? wnfaqmufqJEdkifiHawmf

armifatmifvD

bmomjyefaqmif;yg;

37? uAsmwyfrSL;}uD; 13? &moDcGif&J@wm0ef

pdk;aevif;

umwGef;

ESif;cg;rdk; 32? armiftm[m& aty&,f

12? ESpfopfqkawmif;

---

- armifvGrf;%D

---

9? ajcaxmufrsm;

&J&ifhatmif

aZmf*sD

6? ydawmufzl;ay: ysHoef;oGm;aom

8? {&m0wDjrpf±dk;rS rdk;rJawG&Gm

t,f'DwmwOD;

---

30? owif;eJ@ vl@tzGJ@tpnf; &? tvGrf;o}uFef

wdkufyGJ0if&JabmfwOD;

tm[m&0dkif;awmfom;rsm;

----

armifpGrf;&nf

0w¦Kwkd 42? aemufydwfacG;

----

Aef;armfwifatmif

tdwzf iG haf y;pm 49? jynfwGif;rS tdwfzGifhay;pm

17?acwftawG;tac: acwf,Ofaus;r_ (2) armifpdk;csdef 3

----

aumh*sm

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

tqdt k rde@f wckukd trSw&f rdonf? “tcsed Ef iS 'hf aD &onfvlurkd apmif”h wJ?h ppftm%m&Sif e t zwd@k . &moufyef ppfu|efjyKa&; a&G;aumufyGJ}uD;um; ‘2010’wGiv f mayawmhrnf? r q vacwf/ e 0 wacwfponfjzifh ajymif;ajymif; (tcsdefawG/ tjzpftysufawG) vmaomfvnf; jrefrmjynfojl ynfom;awG&J@vlaer_b0awGuawmh qdk;+yD;&if; qdk;aeqJ ygyJ? ppftm%m¶l;awG&J@ csKyfcs,fr_atmufrSm w&pf+yD;w&pf zdESdyfcHae=u&qJyg? wEdkifiHvHk; yg0ifcJh=uonfh &Spfav;vHk; ta&;awmfyHk}uD;rSonf ,ae@xdtESpf ESpfq ,fausmfcJh+yD? jrefrm vlrsdK;rsm;OD;xdyfxm; tav;tjrwfxm;onfh bk&m;/ w&m;/ oHCm/ rdb/ q&mwdk@wGif yg0ifonfh oHCmawmfrsm;yif +idrf;csrf;pGmqENjycJh=uonfh a&$0ga&mifawmfvSefa&;}uD;u ppftm%m¶l;wdk@. Oya'rJh w&m;rJh&ufpufr_±dkif;pdkif;r_wdk@udk urBmudo k dapcJo h nf? awG@qaHk qG;aEG;a&;/ awG@qHk aqG;aEG;a&;[k t}udr}f udraf wmif;qdak pumrl ppftm%m±l;rsm;uawmh awG@qHkaqG;aEG;a&;xuf &moufyefppfu|efjyK a&;udkom OD;wnfaeonfrSm e t zwdk@. vkyf&yfrsm;u xifxif &Sm;&Sm;jyoae+yDjzpfonf? xdk@a=umifhvnf; ppftm%m&Sifwdk@ zefwD;jyKvkyfrnfh ‘2010’a&G;aumufyGJ}uD;udk jywfjywf om;om; qef@usifwdkuyf 0GJ if±Hkrw S yg; tjcm;a&G;cs,fp&mr&S?d xdk@twl awGa0rd_if;rdaom tawG;tac:rsm;jzifh ud, k fusdK; &Smpdwf"gwfrsm;jzifh wdkufvdk@r&atmif aygif;&rnfqdkonfh tawG;tac:vkyf&yfrsm;udkvnf; qef@usifoGm;=u&rnf? &Spfav;vHk;. tcef;u¾/ a':atmifqef;pk=unf. tcef;u¾/ NLD . tcef;u¾wdk@udk arS;rdSefatmif jyKvkyfrnfh tawG;tac:rsm;/ vkyf&yfrsm;udv k nf; qef@usifoGm;=u&rnf? ppftm%m&Sifw@dk . pdefac:r_u a&G;aumufyGJwGif tnHch H ,l yl;aygif;yg0ifrnfvm;/ qef@usifoGm;rnfvm;qdo k nfh a&G;cs,fapr_jzpfonf? ppftm%m&Sifwk@d . &moufyef ppfu|ef jyKjcif;udk rcHvo dk w l k@d . a&G;cs,fru _ m; ‘2010’a&G;aumufyu GJ dk vH;k 0qef@usifwku d fy0GJ ifomG ;±Hkrw S yg; tjcm;r&Sdyga=umif;? tcsdeEf Sihf 'Da& vlurdk apmifo h vdk r=umrDa&mufvmawmhrnfh ‘2010’a&G;aumufyGJudk qef@usifwu dk yf GJ0ifomG ; =u&efESifh ppftm%m&Sifpepf csKyf+idrf;a&;udk bufaygif;pHkrS nDnD!Gwf!GwfjzifhwdkufyGJ0ifoGm;=uyg&ef txl;wdkufwGef; vdkuf&yga=umif;? ?

---tm[m&0dkif;awmfom;rsm;--4

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

ydawmufyef; rcl;csifprf;ygeJ@ ESpfqef; cgawmfrDrdk@ ZarŠmf&nf ajyajyvdrf;umygh cyfodr f; e,fpHkpHkodk@ yGifhiHkudk vifhukef=uawmhvdk@ acgif;ºuum qma0a0eJ@ olvJav avmuDom;vdkygh ºum;csifvS ayvdrfhr,f ? w0g0g qifouFef;&,fu urBmrSm b0ifcsrf;apwhJ wrifrSef;umygh owdqG,f &nf&G,fawmh ovm; ?

wpfodefwifhygbd wdrfjrifh &D&Djymu =unfomom yifhavtjzL;wGifjzifh wDwmwm yGifha&$zl;i,fwdk@ vnf,Sufum b,fnmvl;avawmh olwdk@vdk b,foljrL;Edkifygh xl;ygbdw,f ?

cl;ygeJ@uG,f yGifhzl;rSm t0gjc,fI rmvmtv,frSm E$JcsifwJh ESvHk;&,fa=umihf ESpfqHk;ukef twm0ifodk@ rmeftifudk Om%fqifarG;;umygh ta&; tcgomrS crsmrSm w*k%fqef;&w,f yef;ydawmufrsm;? ?

( wuUodkvfausmif;wdkufr*~Zif; -rwf-1928 ) q&maZmf*sD pmaygif;csKyfrS

aZmf* sD 5

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

ydawmufzl;ay:ysHoef;oGm;aom 0dOmOfvdyfjym 1? 1994 {+yD- 12 o}uFef t}udK&ufjzpfr,f ? igh u d k roem;eJ @ eif hu d k , f e if oem; qHk;rpum; b0wav#muf? 2? tareJ @ cav;awG wrm&G u fa wG oajy&G u fa wG tk e f ; !G e f @ awGc l ; vdk @ ? (1 99 1) om;udk r&S m &G m ud k p G e f @ ypf / cspf v if c sef x m; b0wyg; pd r f ; um;ajymif ; a¶$ @ oG m ;+yD a um? (19 92) a¶$ r ef ; rmvm jreEN m a& ¶G m rS m ¶Gm rS m usKyf w d k @ ¶G m rS m rsuf & nfa wGe J @ a&yuf + yD ? (1 99 4) 91 92 94 ivGr f; a&;cJ h um&ef e J @ pmwcsd K @yg? 3? om;awG u xef;&nf wjrjr orD;awGu wl;ydk@eJ@u ,yfwacsmif; vufrSma0S@ yda wmufv dy fjym a&S@u tar taºuaphawG a&wGufvdk@?

4? taemufajrvwfu tn=w wa,muf jzpfwJh udkzdk;+idrf;&J@ orD;wa,mufygyJ? orD;wa,mufygyJ? tJ'Drdef;r Armo}uFefudk cspfw,f tnm[efudk cspfw,f jreENm nnf;w,f twm}uHKwdkif; EkysdKw,f ? 5? 88 twdwf oydwfpifab;buf obuf wxnf xrif;wxkyfeJ@ ikwfwkwfem;qif wygwD tm%m&Sifqdkwm olr bmrSrod olr odwmu ivGrf;udk axmifcscJh=uw,f ? ivG r f ; qd k w m igh o m; ¶d k ; ¶d k ; om;om; tjrnf ; tpm;enf ; wJ h xef ; &nf o rm;yguG , f ? 'Drdef;r[m uAsmq&mwa,muf&J@ tarb0eJ@ aecJh&bl;w,f? aemuf olykefrdcif tjzpf &yf¶Gmu cspfcJhw,f? om;awGx Ju wa,mufolykef awmcdkvH_awmh t¶k%fOD;qdk vnfyif; udk;awmif? 6

6? om;tdrfuifqm om; uAsm bmaq;+rD;wdkrS r[kwfcJh? 7? 1994 {+yD - 12 psmyec&D ; powJ h psmyec&D ; powJ h o}uFe f ' d k; oH rd k ; ,Hn H a ygh ? o}uFefa&cspfwJh o}uFefrdk;cspfwJh o}uFefoDcsif;awGcspfwJh o}uFeft uawGcspfwJh taemufajrvwfu qif;qif;&JJ&J rdef;rwa,muf&J@ tavmif;udk a&aq;=uwJht cg tJ ' D r d e f ; r}uD ; uawmh o}uFe f u s+yD xif r S m yJ ? ? (tarod k @ )

armifvrG ;f %D olykefESifhol.&Jabmf&Jbufrsm;rS

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

tvGr;f o}uFef

vG r f ; w,f [d k; æ wke f; uo}uFe fu dk igh v d ky J vGr f ; aer,f h wyf O D ; u &J a bmfa wG u d k vG r f ; w,f æ? ESpfawG ESpfawG tcsdefumv jrpfawGu wdkufpm;0g;+rdK wefzdk;xm;&m ,Ofaus;r_qdkwmawGvnf; tJ'D umvjrpfuyJ +zdKcsoGm;cJhwmvm;´ igwdk@udk,fwdkifu udk,fcHt m;enf;cJhvdk@ +ydKusvmovm;´

tawG ; 0uF y gxJ u ae &mZ0if a wG x J u o}uF e fu d k vGr f ; w,f æ oajycufe J@ a&yuf w J h o}uF e f u d k vGr f ; w,f æ rE W a v; o}uF e f u d k vGr f ; w,f æ o}uF e fr d k ; ud k vG r f ; w,f æ?

“wESpfwcg yGifhvmwm opPm&SdwJh ydawmufyg” qdkpum; tckrsm;awmh ,Hkwrf;pum;omvdkvdk æ vufaq;rdk;av; w+ydKufESpf+ydKuf ydawmufawG tqkyfvdkuf tcdkifvdkuf cspfjcif;awG +ydKifcJhor#vnf; tckrsm;awmh tdkZkef;v$m yg;vmwmudkyJ ,dk;r,fzGJ@&awmhrvdk æ? wu,f wrf; bmrSrqef;bl; æ wd ki f; jynfu d k tk y f c sKyf o la wG u

rif ; usif h w &m;eJ @ rnD uwd a wG r wnf r S a wmh &moD a wG azguf j yef w m bmrS r qef ; bl ; æ? vl a wG p d w f " mwf ysuf p D ; uk e f w m bmrS r qef ; bl ; æ? ,Of a us;r_ a wG +yd K ysuf , d k , G i f ; vmwm bmrS r qef ; bl ; æ? rsd K ;quf a wG ud p P w k H ; cHa e&wm bmrS r qef ; bl ; æ?

qef;wmu igwdk@awG bmrSrvkyfEdkif=uao;wm æ tJ'D æ ppfacG;awGudk,fYu uHaumif;aeao;wmvm;´ igwdk@awGuyJ nHhaeao;wmvm;´ ysdKrspfjcif;eJ@ rsdK;qufawG ,Ofaus;r_eJ@ pdwf"mwfawGudk atmifyGJeJ@t wl 'DDrdkua&pD EdkifiHawmfopfqDudk ac:aqmifoGm;bdk@twGuf igwdk@t m;vHk;rSmwm0ef&Sdw,f æ? b,fawmh b,ftcsdef b,fu mv atmifyGJ&rvJ rar;eJ@ a&mufwJhae&m a&mufwJht&yfuae udk,fvkyfEdkifwm 0ifvkyf=u/ 0ifwdkuf=u ordkif;ay; wm0eft&aygh æ?

b,fv d k y Jj zpf jzpf vG r f ; w,f [d k; æ wke f; uo}uFe fu dk igh v d ky J vGr f ; aer,f h wyf O D ; u &J a bmfa wG u d k vG r f ; w,f æ?

&J&ifhoufZGJ 7

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

{&m0wDjrpf&d;k rSm rk;d rJawG&mG S

yef;wjcif; ykd hcGihfay;yg uAsmq&mukdEIwfqufw,f/ tEkynmrm&oGerf Sm ajy;tm;ruscJhwJhq&m opöm&SmzkdY acwfukdpD;cJhwm pmrsufEmS awGukd wdrzf kH;cJhayr,hf ,kHMunfrIu vrif;w&m {&m0wDa& uAsmq&m urf;ucGmNyD tarSmif&dyrf Sm avSqdyfuav;ukd xm;cJhaygh/ tem*wftwGuf yef;wjcif; ajrurÇmrSm yGihfcJhw,f q&mMunfatmif urÇmwnfatmif arT;ygap/ /

ESif;cg;rdk; 8

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

ajcaxmufrsm;

rtdyfrae touf&Snf ar;ygrsm; pum;& oGm;ygrsm; c&D;a&muf armifaygufusdKif; ordkif;yHkjyif&J@ csefcJhwJhpum;yHk jynfhpHkuHkvHkcJh ajcaxmufrsm;twGuf æ? rar;cJh=u pum;vJr& æ wcsdKŒ tdyftdyfpm;pm; aeae touf& Snf=umvm=u æ wcsdKŒ ar;ygrsm;pum;&cJh æ wcsdKŒ rtdyfrae wHk;%dSbma0 qdwfqdwfaecJh æ wcsdKŒ æ?

wcsdKŒ &efolxHbuful; opPmazmuf avmufaumif&J h ajcaxmufjzpfoGm;=u / wcsdKŒ uif;+rD;aumufudktm;us vufeJ@axmuf vrf;av#mufcsif=u csDwufcsif=u jyifqif=u æ? wcsdKŒa&S@rwdk;&J=u &yfae=u a¹ru ol@udkacgif;+idrfh ac:aeovdky/ wcsdKŒ a&S@roGm;&J=u &yfae=u/ uE©m&awmxJu ql;c|efa=umufvS? wcsdKŒ toGm;rawmf wvSrf;/ rpifyHkwufeif;xm; a&S@roGm; æ?

wcsdKŒ æ ordkif;a¶$Œzdk@ajcaxmuf vrf;razmufEdkif=u/ vrf;aysmufai;idkfif wcsdKŒajcaxmuf acGacguf aAGazguf a¹ra=umufovdkvdk æ? wcsdKŒ b,fnmwef;nd‡ae=uwkef; wef;pDwkef; æ wcsdKŒ ajcz0g;awmf EkEk aoG;ajcOwkef; æ ajcaxmufu ol@udkjyefoem;ae&wkef;/ wcsdKŒ udk,fhajcaxmufudk udk,fusdK;pD;yGm; ykckH;a=umay: jyefwifxm;=u æ?

aoG;yifv,f ql;yifv,f rD;yifv,fca&mif;awm cg;tHaom vGwfajrmufa&;c&D;xJ oGm;ygrsm;c&D;a&mufzdk@ ac|;w'D;'D; a=urGb0eJ@csDwufvdk@ olwdk@ æ æ?

aty&,f azaz:0g&D 6 / 2009 9

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

“rdrdajcoHudk a&wGufjcif;”

tcef ;0ifvmyHku opf¶GufaºuovdkyJ? a&m*g&ae+yDvm; æ wJh 0rf;om;pum; ESpfwESpf tdyfrufwck ¶kyf& Sif¶kHw¶kH cspfvGef;vdk@atmf[pfqJqdkyHkudk igudk,fwdkif=uHKzl;w,fvdk@ qdkyg? b,fujyefvmvJ b,foGm;rvdk@vJ xrif;pm;+yD;+yD vm; rvdktyfyJ c&D;oGm;[efv$JyJhwif? wae0if wacwfukef jrefvGef;wJh p=u0Vm? rodbl; bmqdkqmrS rodcsifbl; æ tar&,f i,fi,fwk ef;uvdk cJzsuf[m toHk;0ifygapawmh? ?

vSoef; 10

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

tvkt d yfq;Hk t&m tcsdefawGukefwm odyfESarsmw,f b0awGaowm usKyf0rf;enf;w,f toHaumif;vnf; [pfraecsifbl; vlawG ta-umif;vnf; tjypfrwifcsifbl; tajymr[kwf wu,fh tvkyfukd vufawG@tck vkyfcsifaew,f? wkdufyGJazmfwkd@ &Jabmfwkd@a& vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf wkdufyGJwckukd usKyfwkd@xkdifum apmifhaewmvm; wkdufyGJuyJ rnD!ëwfao;wJh usKyfwkd@ukd jyefapmifhaewmvm; t"Gef@&SnfaewJh awmfvSefa&;[m bk&m;ocift vkdus [kwfr,frxifbl;? tem*gwf&JŒ ykdif&Sifwkd@a& vkdt yfr,fqkd usKyf toufwacsmif; b0wyg;awmif ajymif;csifajymif;a&mh tm%m&Sifouf ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm 0ÉfemuHem }uD;vGef;wmrkd@ nD-ur,fa[h a&mif;&if;a& a'gif;tarGquf orkdif;yv†ifxufrSm usKyfwkd@nHhw,f tjzpfrcHEkdiforkd@ oifwa,mufxJvnf; b,fr_yD; usKyf wa,mufxJvnf; b,fr_yD; oifa&musKyfyg olwumaygif;vkd@ ta-umif;pkHn‡d urBmodatmif wkdufyGJ tjrefom p-uygpkd@? ?

&efEi dk x f e G ;f vG w f a jrmuf e ,f a jr (uk d & D ; ,m;)

11

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

ESpfopfqak wmif;

0ga¶$ydawmuf yGifhcsdefa&mufonf o}uFefcsdefcg usa&muf+yD? r*FvmESpfopf zGifhvSpfonfhtcg jrefjynfw0Sef; om,mat;csrf; ygapa=umif; ESpfopfqkawmif; ðyrdonf? &ufpufr_taygif; o&zlaqmif;onfh t±kdif;bk&if tm%m&Sifwdk‹ xifxifor# ðycJh=uonfh tukodkvftaygif; wmjyefavmif;I wHk‹vSnfh0ÉfaºuG; ausygap? vrif;wdrfzHk; &Sdonfhyrm aysmufumaeaom opPmw&m; trSefw&m;wdk‹ xGef;um;ygap awmif;qkac|onf r*FvmESpo f pf jzpfapaomf0f? ?

ppfa0; 19=3=2009 12

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

&moDcGif&JUwm0ef

ombd omcsif;rsm;ESifh avmuudk tvSjref;qif &moDcGif&JΠwm0efu ausyGefygbd ausygbd t}udrf}udrf tvDvD&SdcJhonf ESpfoufjcif;rsm;pGmjzifh *k%fwifhjyefaygh onf0Vm?

qif;&eH‹ oif;jyef@ygbd &Sif;oef‹onfh yef;ydawmufrif; vSrf;axmufjcif;rsm;pGmjzifh a&mufcJhjyefaygh onfwcg?

orkdif;opf acwfESifht nD 'Drkdua&pD a¶$jynfawmfqD jrefjynfom;wdk‹ ta&mufvSrf; atmifyef;rsm;csD qifumjref;rSmrdk‹ &J0Hhjcif;rsm;pGmjzifh c&D;qufjyef&aygh onfurBm?

rdk;pufjrLavEkrsm; jr‡Lovdk ajy;v$m; aqmhupm;jyefawmh [kdyif,Hukdif;xuf O=oysKdu oHom,Suf wefcl;vtcg o}uFeftwGuf yGifhvef;jcif;rsm;pGmjzifh óudqdk&jyefaygh onftwm?

&ifudk ajruwkwf qENjyyJGrsm; azmfxkwf tm%m&Sif a'grmef,kwfvnf; ðzwfxkwfom&Sif; atmifjrifjcif;rsm;pGmjzifh yJ0G ifwifhjyef&aygh onfajrrSm? ?

tmum 13

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

MudK;awGjzwfypfvdkufw,f

rodromeJY &ifha&mfvmvdkY Munfhaysmf½Iaysmf usefaeao;wJh rsufESm½kyfudk [efvkyf&if; ododomom &Sif;vif;xif[yfjyaewJh MunfhrSefwcsyf&JU tay:rSm pdwfwcsKdUeJYaygif;NyD;awmh t&nfazsmfNyD; avmif;csMunfhvdkufw,f ... acgif;ay:rSm taeMumvmwJh auomwcsdKUuawmh trIawGayGvGef;vdkY tElay: t&ifhwuf wajz;ajz;eJY tjzLbufoef;vmovdk yg;? em;? om;a&awG[mvnf; umvwdkufpm;rIawGaMumifh yJhNydKvmwJh urf;yg;tdkvdk ,dkif eJY vJ NydK ... ndKaewJh rsuf0ef;awGay:rSmawmh uGufvyfwck[m t&iftwdkif; rIdif;ysys u,fwifr,fholudk arSsmfaeyHk&w,f ...

wu,fqdk&if u,fw,f&Sifqdkwm arcvmvnf; r[kwfovdk a*gwrvnf; r[kwfavbl; udk,hf'l;cdkifrS r,dkifatmif avSsmufEdkifr,fh udk,fh&JU ajcaxmufawGtwGuf bmawGudk &ufpufw,fvdkY tjypfzdkYae&OD;rSmvJ tJ'D qGJjzJcHxm;&wJh uHaumif;jcif;qdkwJh pmrsufESmrsm;pGmudk aendKwJhtxd xdkifapmifhzwfaer,fhtpm; udk,fhudkudk,f udk,fhvufxJrSmyJ udk,fh&JUaoG;eJY paw;&if; todrftzsif;awmrSm twif;ajymaeMuwJh owif;tarmawGxJu ½kef;xGuf&if; udk,fhudkudk,f udk,fhvufxJ 0uGyf tyfESif;vdkufw,f/ /

aqmif;,Ge;f v 14

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

wnfaqmufqJEdkifiHawmf ,aeY jrefrmEkdifiHonf EkdifiHopfwpfck wnfaqmuf vsuf &dSonf/xdkvkyfief;MuD;udk EkdifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;? vlrIa&; [lí u@MuD;oHk;&yfcGJjcm;xm;\/ vkyfief;\ wpdwfwa' oum; ppf'PfaMumifh ,dk,Gif;ysufpD;cJhaom tysuf tpD;rsm;udk jyefvnfjyKjyif&efESifh pufrIvufrI pGrf;tm;udk wdk;wufjynfhpHk atmif MuHaqmifí vlaerI tqifhtwef; rsm;udk jr§ifhwif&ef jzpfonf/ þenf;jzifh jynfwGif; zlvHk a&;udkvnf; &&dSEdkifrnf/ xdkxufta&;BuD;aom vkyfief;rSm um; vlrIa&;ESihf pdwf"mwf jyKjyifa&; vkyfief;rsm;jzpf\/ vufatmufcH udkvdkeD EdkifiH om;rsm;b0ESifh ESpf&Snfvrsm; tEddSrfcHcJh&aom vlxktm; 'Drdk ua&pDa&;ESihf rdrdwdk;wufrIudk rdrdbmom zefw;D Edkifa&; ynm &yfrsm;udk oifMum; ay;&ayOD;rnf/ jrefrmEdkifiHwGif yk*¾vdu ydkif aiGyifaiG&if; enf;yg;vS&um;? wdkif;jynfxlaxmifrIvkyfief; MuD;rsm;udk tpdk;&uom txl;ojzifh wm0ef,lae&\/ EdkifiH awmftpdk;& onfvnf; atmufygta&;udpw ö dYkwGif tpGrf;ukef aqmif&Guf vkyfudkifay;vsuf &dSayonf/ ynma&; / / vlwdkif;tcrJh ynmoifEdkifonf/ pmtkypf mwrf;rsm;vdkaom ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf pmtkyf rsm;udk tcrJYay;a0onf/ aus;vufa'orsm;wGif ausmif;opftrsm;yif aqmufvkyfay;onf/ &efukefwuúodkvfBuD;udk ig;qrQcsJUxGifí vufatmufcH aumvdyfausmif; rsm;vnf; wkd;vmonf/ rEÅ av;aumvdyfausmif;udk wuúov dk f tqifhtwef;odkY jr§ifhwif&ef tpDtpOf&o dS nf/ pdkuyf sdK;a&;ESifh pufrv I ufrI ynm oifMum;a&; ausmif;opfrsm;ud k zGif hvSpfonf/ txufwef;ynm&yfrsm; oif,lEdkif&ef? EdkifiHjcm; ynmawmfoif trsm;udk apvTwfonf/ q&mjzpfoifwef;rsm; zGifhvSpfay;onf/ oufMuD;yk*d¾Kvfrsm; twGuf vlxkynma&; pDrHudef;jzifh aqmif&Gufay;onf/ pmay a&;&mü jrefrmEdkifiH bmomjyef pmaytoif;rS pmtkyfrsm; xkwf vkyfvsuf&dSonf/ usef;rma&; / / iSufzsm; a&m*g? tqkwfema&m*g? temBuD ;a&m*gESi fh umvom;a&m*grsm;tjyif ul; puf wwfaom a&m*grsm;yaysmufa&; pDrHudef;rsm;udk aqmif&Guf aeonf/ tm[m& jynfh0atmif pm;aomufa&;ESifh oefY&Sif; pifMu,fpGm aexdkifa&;wdkYwGif vlxku em;vnfrI&dSvmatmif usef;rma&;ynm jzefYjzL;a&; vkyfief;rsm; aq;½kHopfrsm;udk aqmufvkyfay;onf/ aus;vuf usef;rma&;Xmersm; zGihfvSpf onf/ om;zGm;cef;rsm; zGifhvSpfonf/ usef;rma&;rª;ESifh olemjyK oifwef;rsm;udk zGifhvSpfxm;onf/

15

pdkufysdK;a&;/ / v,f,mrJh v,form;rsm;tm; v,fajra0iSay;aeonf/ pdkufysdK;p&dwf acs;aiGrsm;tay:wGif twd;k EIe;f xm;udk avQmah yghaponf/ vGwv f yfa&;&NyD;onfrS pí ES pfpOfxkwfacs;aom pd kuf ysdK;a&; trawmfaiG rsm;udk tq ESpfq,frQwdk;í xkwfay;onf/ or0g,rtzJGUrsm; wkd;wuf atmif aqmif&Gufonf/ v,f,mpdkufysdK;a&; enf;opfrsm;udk wDxGifonf/ pdkufysdK;a&;wGif oD;EHSrsdK;pHk pdkufysdK;rI zGHUNzdK;atmif aqmif&Gufonf/ toD;tEHSyif topftqef;wdkYudk prf;oyf pdkufysdK; vkyfukdifonf/ 'Drdkua&pDa'oEÅ& tkyfcsKyfa&;/ / t½G,fa&muf olwidk ;f rJray;rae& Oya'jyXmef;onf/ aus;&GmolBu;D tkycf sKyfrI pepftpm; vlxku a&G;aumufwifajr§mufaom aus;&GmaumifpD rsm;u tkyfcsKyfonhfpepfudk wDxGifonf/ &JtzJGUESifh w&m;½kH; tmPmrsm;udk a'oEÅ&tzJGUrsm;odkY ESif;tyfonf/ 'Drdkua&pD a'oEÅ&tkyfcsKyfa&;pepfudk c½kdifaygif; 10 ck (wkdif;jynf \ 3 yHk 1 yHk )wGif tprf;oabmjzifh taumiftxnfazmfvsuf &dSonf/ vufe ufcs &Jabmfa[mif;rsm;tm; oufarG;0rf;ausmif; ynm&yfrsm; oifay;onf/ trsdK;orD;tpnf;t½Hk;rsm;? vli,f toif;tzJGUrsm; wdkif;jynf tESYH zGJYpnf;xm;Muonf/ tvkyform;ta&;/ / tvkyform; tcGifha&;udk umuG,f&efESihf tvkyfcGif tajctaersm;udk aumif; rGefap&ef Oya'rsdK;pHk jyKpkjyXmef;xm;onf/ puf½Hkrsm;wGif &ufowå wywfvQif jyXmef;xm;aom tvkyfcsdef 44 em&D xufydkí vkyfudkif&aom tcsdefydktwGuf ½dk;½dk;vkyftm;c\ ESpfq jyXmef; xm;onf/ x&dwf,eD,Hac: tvkyform;tzGYJrsm; zGJY pnf;jcif; udk tm;ay;onf/ tvkyform; apmifha&Smufa&;Xme rsm;udkvnf; zGifhvSpfxm;onf/ todkuft0ef;tm;jzifh wk;d wufzGHYjzdK;a&;/ / jynfawmf om pDrHudef;BuD;t& &efyHkaiGrsm;udk todkuft0ef; tvdkuf xkwaf y;onf/ xdkaiGrsm;udk qkid &f ma'owdYkrS vkyftm; aiGtm;ESifh yl; aygif;í a&uef wl;jcif;? qnfa jrmif ;azmufvky fjcif;? tdrfomaqmufjcif;? vrf;azmufjcif;? wHwm;cif;jcif;? ausmif; aqmufjcif;? pmMunfhwkduf wnfaxmifjcif;ESifh tjcm;vlrI wkd;wufa&; taqmuftOD;rsm;udk aqmufvkyMf uonf/ txufyg aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;tjyif NrdKUrsm;ü vlae tdrfrsm;udk wdk;wufaumif;rGefa&;? vQyfppf"mwftm; &&Sd a&;ESifh vrf;yef;tquftoG,f zGHUNzdK;a&; pDrHudef;rsm; &daS o;ayonf/

pmrsufE Sm -23odk@

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

“enf;vrf;&SmrSjzpfr,f” a=umufraezdk@ta&;}uD;w,f/ 'gudktaotcsmod+yD;awmh em;vnf+yD;awmh }udKwifjyifqifxm;zdk@ tifrwefta&; }uD;ygw,f? 'Dbkef;}uD;[m y&dowfeJ@qHkrdwJhtcg t+rJwrf; vlawG&JŒb0ta=umif;udkxnfhajymavh&Sdygw,f/ b0udkt"dy`g,f &Sd&Sd wefbdk;&Sd&Sd tES pfom&jynfhjynfh0 0 +idrf;+idrf;csrf;csrf; pdwfa=ueyfr_vnf;&atmif b,fvdkaeoGm;&rvJ qdkwmudk t+rJwrf;ajymavh&Sdw,f? 'DvdkyJ tifrwef¶_yfaxG;+yD;awmh y&rf;ywmjzpfaewJh acwfumv}uD;xJrSmyJ pdwf=unfvifr_ at;csrf;r_&Sdatmif b,fvdkaeoGm;rvJ/ raocsmwJh ra&&mwJh tvkyfawGvkyfae=u&if;eJ@udkyJ pdk;&drfylyefr_enf;atmif b,fvkad eoGm;=urvJ? t&Siaf Zmwdu r[m+rdKifawm&q&mawmf t¶_yfxJrSm &Si;f atmifae pm-11 rS pdwfnpfp&mrsm; pdwfqif;&Jp&mrsm; ylavmifaomb0udk &ifqdkifjzwfoef;&aomtcgwdki;f zwfoifah om zwfjzpfaom pmtkyfwtkyfudk az: jycsifygonf? xdkpmtkyfrSm r[m+rdKifawm&q&mawmf t&Siaf Zmwdu. ‘t¶_yfxJrmS &Si;f atmifae” pmtkyfyifjzpfonf? xdt k cg æ pmcspo f u l ar;vmtHah om t±_yx f JrSm &Si;f atmifb,fvakd ernfv[ J l aom ar;cGe;f udk txl;csJŒI &Si;f jyraeawmhyg? q&mawmf. pmtkyfudk ,lI pmyd'k w f ydk'favmuf zwfvku d f±kEH Sifh b0. aexdik ef nf; twwfynm (od@k ) b0. aexdkief nf; tEkynmu oift h m;tprStqH;k wdkifatmif qGJaqmifac:,loGm;ayvdrfhrnf? ,ckvpifwifpm t±_yfxJrSm &Sif;atmifae t&Siaf Zmwdu (BE , Electrical) r[m+rdKifawm& q&mawmf - pmtkyfrSwfwrf; yxr}udrf 1997ckESpf ZGefv 'Dygpk;d pmaywdku. f (25)tjzpf jzef@cs+d yD; t&Sifauo&dEN (awmf0ifEG,f) pDpOfylaZmfonf? ∙ q&mawmf. TpmtkyfwGif rmwdum acgif;pOfi,fav;rsm;tjzpf 61cef; yg0ifonf? tcef;wdkifwGif pOf;pm;pm&mrsm;/ vdu k femusifh}uHEdkifaomw&m;rsm;jzifh &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;ESihf jywfjywfom;om;a&;om;csufrsm;u tjcm;aom pmtkyfrsm;uJhodk@ r[kwyf J xl;jcm;aeygonf? ∙ owd&Sdaevdk@ &Sd&if;a=umufpdwf odyfr&Sdbl;? tJ'g tifrwef tm;}uD;w,faemf? ∙ a&S›rmS bmjzpfvmrvJqkw d m }udK+y;D awmh rSe;f +yD;awmh tcuftcJawG&v dS m&if b,fvv kd yk fr,fqkw d m }udKwif+y;D awmh enf;vrf; &Sm&r,f? &Edkio f avmufayghaemf? rSef;Edkio f avmuf rSef;+yD;awmh &Sm&r,f? pdwful;aumif;zdk@vdkw,f? tajr‡mf tjrif&Sdzdk@ trsm;}u;D vdw k ,f? (pm-78) ∙ 'Dacwf't D cgrSm b0qdkwJh xrif;udk rvGJraoGpm;&r,fv h lawG[m yifu, dk f^m%fvnf;&Sdw,f? tawG;tac:vnf; &Sd&r,f? vkyfenf;vkyf[efudkvnf; aoaocsmcsm cdik fcidk frmrm avhvmxm;&r,f? 'ga=umifh tckacwf txl;ojzifh vli,fawGudk ajymcsifwm? ayghayghaevdk@r&awmhbl;? tpGrf;tpawGtrsm;}uD;xkwf&vdrfhr,f/ t}uH^m%fawG trsm;}uD; xkwf&vdrfhr,f? tvkyaf wGtrsKd ;rsKd ;vkyf&vdrhrf ,f? trsKd ;rsdK;0if+yD; vkyf=unfh&vdrrfh ,f? (pm-80)

tm[m&0dkif;awmfom;wOD;?

16

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

acwftawG;tac: acwf,Ofaus;r_ (2) vl@usih0f wfrsm;onf vl@tzGJ@tpnf;u xkwfvkyfarG; rsm;/ v,form;/ tvkyform;rsm; oef;aygi;f rsm;pm aoa=u f nf; zGm;ay;vdu k af om xkwfuek yf pPn;f rsm;jzpfa=umif; a&S›tcef;wGif ysufpD;cJh=u&onf? ppftm%m&Sifacwfrsm; pepfrsm;wGiv azmfjycJhonf? rnfonfv h l@tzGJ@tpnf;rSmyifjzpfap vl@usifh0wf jynfwGif;ppfrsm;jzpfvmcJh=uum jynfolrsm;rSm 'Drdkua&pD/ f ;Hk ±H_;cJ=h u&onf? aoa=uysufjyKef;cJh onf xdak cwfxdkumv&Sd ukefxkwfqufqHa&;rsm;u arG;zGm; +idr;f csr;f a&;wd@k vufv$wq ay;vdkuo f nfh ypPn;f rsm;yifwnf;/ vl@usi0fh wfqdkonfum; vl =u&onf? b0aygif;rsm;pGm usdK;a=uysufqD;ukef=uonf? vl@ wdk@vku d ef m jyKusiafh qmif&u G t f yfonfh owfrSwfjyXge;f csurf sm; usi0fh wfESihf eDwEd e_ f;pHrsm;/ ,Ofaus;r_rsm;rSmusKd ;yJ &GJ@apmif;jcif;od@k qdkuaf &mufcJh=uonf? jzpfonf? Armjynf zufqpf ppftm%m&Siaf cwf/ ppftm%m&Sif acwfwacwf. ,Ofaus;r_/ tawG;tac:rsm;xJwGif k nf vl@,Ofaus;r_/ vl@usi0fh wfeD vl@usi0fh wfowfrSwfcsufrsm;rSm yg0ift}uHK;0if+yD;jzpfonf? vl@ pepfwGif tm%m&Sifppftyk fpo usifh0wf odk@r[kwf vleDwdrsm;u ,Ofaus;r_tpOftvm/ bm wd ES if h Oya'wd k@ud k ud k, fw dk if ud k, fu s ±d ku fc sd K;cJ h= uonf ? oma&;tpOftvmjzifh owfrw S cf =Jh uonf? xd@k a=umifhEel ;f pHrsm; qkwf,kwfysufqD;oGm;aeaom acwf.vufonfrsm;jzpfcJh (norms) &Sv d mcJhonf? Oyrm olrsm;ypPnf;rcd;k &? olwyg; ysuf =uonf? w&m;cHrsm;jzpfcJh=uonf? tm%mudk wyfrufvGef;/ pD;&mysupf D;a=umif;rajym&/ rvky&f ?olwyg; 'kuaQ &mufatmif taotvJzufwG,fxm;vGef;/ tm%mvufv$wf&rSmudk k &efoljzpfaom vl@usifh vdrfnmraumufusp&f ? wa,mufeJ@wa,muf tcsif;csif; a=umuf±H@G wkefv_yfvGe;f ojzifh ppftyk pf . l rk sm;udk ajc qufqHaygif;oif;&mrSm b0wljcif; jzLajzmif&h r,f? raumuf 0wfeDwrd sm;/ Oya'rsm;/ ,Ofaus;r_rsm;/ tzdEydS cf Hvx uspf&? xdkjyXgef;csufrsm;udk usL;vGefazmufzsufvmcJhojzifh r_ef;ypf&avawmhonf? acwfwacwfonfum; usq;Hk cef;odk@ w&m;Oya'tjzpf jyXgef;cJh=u&onf? rusL;vGefoludk vl,Of a&muf&SdoGm;um vHk;0OK\HkysufqD;jcif;odk@ qdkufa&mufoGm; aus;/ ,Ofaus;aomol? rvdkufemygu Oya't& qHk;jzwf av awmhonf? odk@&mwGif acwfudku,fwifvdkolrsm; Oyrm pma&; tjypf'%f ay;&onf? vl@usifh0wfudk azmufzsufol? t&dkif; q&m/ uAsmq&m/ yef;csDq&mponfh ,Ofaus;r_vyk o f m;rsm;rSm tpdik f; æ ponfhjzif?h odk@aomf acwfwacwfonf pD;yGm;a&;b0/ EdkifiaH &; Tacwfysufpepfysu}f uD;xJwiG f &Sdae=uao;onf? aumif;rGef b0 æ b0ESpcf pk vH;k +yKd usysupf ;D +yD; vH;k 0ysuo f Ok ;f jcif;od@k a&muf jrifjh rwfonfh vSyaom vl@usi0fh wfeDwdrsm;/ ,Ofaus;r_rsm;udk f m;=uqJjzpfonf? wd;k wufawmfveS af om ,Ofaus; &SdomG ;aomtcg vl@usifh0wf/ vl@eDwdrsm;onfvnf; wprusef qkwfuek x f m;rsm;udo k m &nf!e$ ;f yg&ap? xdek nf;wlpmG tm;aumif; ysufqD;oGm;ayawmhonf? tkypf ;dk olvlwef;pm;/ jc,fvS,faoG; r_vyk o pkwo f v l lwef;pm;u rdrw d k@d tm%m/ rdrw d k@d OpPmpnf;pdr/f touf armif ;oefvlxk}uD;xJwGifvnf; trSefw &m;udk cspfonfh dk a&pDxGe;f um;apvdo k nfh ,Ofaus;r_/ tawG; &Sifoef&yfwnfr_/ udk,fusdK;pD;yGm;tcGifhta&;rsm;xGe;f um;pnf ,Ofaus;r_/ 'Dru yifa&;twGuf vltrsm;pkudk ajcr_ef;&aomtcg vl@usifh0wfeD tac:pdwf"gwfw@dk udk qkwfum xm;qJvlxktoD;oD;rSmvnf; wdrsm;udkyg ajcr$zsufqD;ypf&avawmhonf? acwfysufonf æ ordki;f . ±kyºf uif;rsm;tjzpfEiS rhf [kwyf J ordik ;f . Zmwfaumifo&l J f efvy_ f&Sm;ae=uqJjzpfonf? xdu k o Jh k@d acwfysu+f yD æ qdak ompum;onf ,if;tajctaeudk &nf!$e;f aumif;rsm;tjzpfEiS fh &Sio aom awmfveS af om tiftm;pkrsm;onf zdEydS t f yk pf ;kd ol ppftkypf k xif[yfajymqdjk cif;jzpfonf? urBmppfESpcf u k =kd unf?h t&if;&Siaf cwfpepfudk xlaxmif . qdk;,kwfysufqD;r_rsm;udk pufqkwf&GH@&SmcJh=u&if;/ acwfopf cJ=h uonfh t&if;&Sirf sm;onf vuf0g;}uD;tkyfum aoG;pkwfcsif twGuf aumif;rGeaf om ,Ofaus;r_ tawG;tac:rsm;/ vl@usifh wdik f;aoG;pkw/f tawmrowfjc,fv, S fAkv d u f s&if;rS vlom;jcif; 0wfoduQmrsm;udk r&rae/ rjzpfraeo,faqmifvmaecJh=u xm;&Sd&rnfh ,Ofaus;r_qdkif&moabmxm;rsm;/ usifh0wfew D d onf? xdrf;odrf;&if; o,fatmif/ o,faqmif&if; odr;f aqmif rsm;udk csdK;azmufcJh=uojzifh ppfyJrG sm; jzpfvmcJhonf? t&if;&Sif &if; odrf;ayG@xdrf;odrf;xm;? odk@aomfwcsKd @ æ wcsdK@aom vltyk frsm;/ vlyk*K~d vfppf qdkonfu tjrwftpGe;f twGuf pufwikd w f uf0o hH rl sm;jzpfonf? okd@aomf pufwdkifrwuf&yJ t&if;&Siw f dk@. pufwdkif}uD;rsm;o u|efrsm;acwf.om;aumifrsm;rSm a&S@uvrf;jyozG,fjzpfae zG,f jzpfonfh ppfyt GJ oD;oD;wGif tjypfrjJh ynforl sm; uav;i,f onf h acwf . &mZ0wf a umif t k y f p d k ; ol r sm;twd k i f ; yif 17

trSwfpOf-98 awG;ac:=u/ usifh}uHtm;xkwf=u/ ajymqdkv_yf&Sm;ae=uonf? wcsKd @ vlyk*K~d vfrsm;/ wcsKd @(wcsKd @)vli,frsm;rSm zdEdyS t f yk fp;dk olrsm; . udk,fyGm;rsm;/&ifaoG;rsm;yifjzpfae=uav+yDaum? xdktcsif; t&mudk xif[yfum a&S@u aqmif;ygtrSwf(1)ed*;Hk ydkif;wGif a&; om;cJ+h yD;jzpfonf? 1996 wGifa&;om;oDuk;H cJah om uAsmwyk'f xJwiG fvnf; Todk@azmfjycJo h nf? ppftm%m&Siu f yufpufpw k f=u. wcsdK@uvJ vdkufvdk@ pkwfjywfyufpuf ppftm%m&Siu f ,kwfrmawmh tJ'w D csdK@awGuvJ vdkuf+yD;,kwfrmwmaygh? zufqpfacgif;aqmifw@dk vlxak cgif;aqmifawGay:rSm remvdk@0efwdk=u? wcsdK@ olwdk@acgif;ay:uvlawG=unfh twkcdk;rd=u pdwf"gwfuedrhu f remvd0k efwk=d u? wcgwav 'Dvadk wmifawGaerd olwdk@ tarjcifaxmifawGxJ tazt&if;rod ae0if; tdyfro d mG ;avovm; arG;zGm;vmwJo h m;awG ae0if;eJ@ wlv@dk av? 1998uxkwfa0cJhaom “vSyaom aoewfoH” uAsm pmtk y f / “arG ; zG m ;jcif ; 2” uAsmwG i f x d k u J h o d k @ temay:wkwfuscJhavonf?acwfu arG;zGm;ay;vdkufon f r S e f a omf v nf ; rd r d u tzd E S d y f c H v l w ef ; pm;jzpf a eygu xd k a rG ; zG m ;vmonf h raumif ; onf h tawG ; tac:/ ,Of a us;r_ w d k @ud k qef @usif z suf o d r f ; ypf a &ayvd r f h rnf / qef@usifzsufodrf;&mwGifawmfvSefa&;onf txuftjrwf qHk;aomenf;ayjzpfonf?

{+yD-19-2009 aumufuspfr_/ ,kwfrmr_/ yufpufr_/ azmufjyefr_/ om;±dki;f wd &dpm> efavmu&Sd tiftm;oHk;tEdik u f sihf &ufpufr_w@dk onf xdv k l wef; pm;. trS wf oauFw rsm;jzpfvmcJ honf? tzdE Sdy fc H/ tEd k if u sif h t jc,f v S , f c H & aom vl w ef ;pm;onf rd rd w d k @ b0wljcif; aumufuspfIrjzpfay? ,kwfrmI rjzpfay? rdrd&ef olu oGefoifvrf;jyxm;onfhtwdki;f &efol@t}udKuf b0wl jcif; ypfcwfr_&ufpufru _ v dk kyI f rjzpfay? od@k aomf awmfvSeaf &; w&yfwiG f tzdEySd cf v H w l ef;pm;onf ol.&efou l adk wmh jyefvnf; aumufuspf&ayvdrfhrnf? tb,fa=umifhenf;? &efolu vlxk tay: xm0&aumufuspfaecJhaoma=umifh jyefvnfaumuf usp&f jcif;jzpfonf? &efolvw l ef;pm;u jyKru l si}hf uo H r# ,if;wd@k udk jyefvnfwke@f jyef&ayonf? ,if;onf obm0w&m;yifjzpf onf? zdEdyS o f lu aumufuspo f jzifh vlxkuvJ ol@&efoltkyfpk;d olukd jyefvnfaumufuspjf cif;onf obm0w&m;yifjzpfonf? okd@aomf b0wljcif;/ tzdESdyfc&H vlxktcsif;csif;/ awmfvSefa&; orm;tcsif;csif;/ 'Drdkua&pDtiftm;pktcsif;csif;/ aumufuspf aomtcg &efrD;awmufapcJh+yD; nD!Gwfr_twGuf ysufjym;ap um ab;tE &W m,fusa&mufwwfayonf?

a&S›vqufygrnf?

armifpk;d csdef

(*) vlwef;pm; yÉdyuQ&adS omae@/ jyif;xefaeaomvl@tzG@J tpnf;wGif vl@usih0f wf/ oDv/ vl@eDwdrsm;onf vlwef;pm;udk vdkufI/ vl@tzGJ@tpnf;udkvdkufI uGJjym;jcm;em;=uonf? vl wef;pm;uGJjym;jcm;em;onfh vl@tzGJ@tpnf;wGif vl@usifh0wf/ tawG;tac:,Ofaus;r_w@kd onf vlwef;pm;vuQ%maqmifae =uayonf? tkyfpdk;ol zdEdyS jf c,fvS,f tEdik u f sio fh lvlwef;pm;.

T

3F 

18

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

&uf(40)wdkufyGJtwGif;rSvif;,kefBuD; wdkufyGJ0if&JabmfwpfOD; (jyefvnfowd& csufrsm;)

&uf(40)wdkufy GJ. . ukd,fxludk,fxwJh'Pfudk uRefawmfwdkYwawG b,f txdcHvdkufMu&ygovJ/ csufcsif;awmh rodomyg/ odyf tMumBuD;vnf;rapmifhvdkuf&/ vtcsKdUjzwfoef; vdkufwmeJU az:jycsufawGu pygNyD/ tvHeDac:rS &JeDxeG f;pdefwpfa,muf xif;cGJ&if; tm;jywfarhvJoGm; wm tm[m&csKdUwJh usef;rma&; xdcdkufNyD; vlxu k dkpdef0if; vnf; arharsmoGm;cJhwm pojzifh BuHKvm&ygawmhw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYu &Jabmfpdef0if;udk jynfrydkYNyD; aq;ukay; yg/ ray;&if tpmiwfcHqE´ jy& vdrfh r,fvdkY &mZoHay;NyD; jyifqifygw,f/ 'DawmhrS jynfrjyef ydkYay;cJhygw,f/ ydkYoifhaomol trsm;tjym;usefao; aomf vnf; ydkYray; yg/ aemuf ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDrS udkxGef; &Sdefwpf a,muf urf;yg;,HawGtMum; ausmufcarmuf vdkufcGg ae&if; 'DvIdif;½dkufcsjcif;cH&um yifv,fxJarsmyg aoqHk;oGm;jyefygw,f/ udkxGef;&Sdef&Jh psmyetcrf;tem; rSm ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDu wifjycsufwpfckwifNyD; vIHU aqmfy gw,f/ Edk ifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; tckvdk aoao aMuaMu 'Pf&mtemw&jzpfMu&wm[m udk,fxludk,fx ay:vpDaMumifhjzpfw,f/ 'DvdkrjzpfMu&atmif wdkufyGJrsm; wdkuMf u&ygvdrfhr,f/ tqifh (3)qifhxm; wdkufzdkYvdkr,fxif aMumif;/ (1) axmif wGif;&ydkifcGifhwdkufyGJrsm; (2)udk,fxu l dk,f xzsufo drf;a&; wd kufyGJ? (3) uRef;zsuf odrf;a&;wd kufyGJ wdkufyGJqdkNyD; owfrSwfvdkufaMumif; b0wlrsm;jzpfvdkY tzGJU tpnf; aygif;pHk vufwJGwdkuyf GJ0ifMuapvdkaMumif; pojzifh wifjyvdkufygw,f/ 1971‐ckESpf? aEGOD;udka&mufcJhygNyD/ ESpfcsDMumvm awmh pnf o G w f A l ;pm;vm&wJ h ' Pf a wG u d k xd e f ;od r f ;(tcsKyf om;)rsm; vSdrfhcH&ygawmhw,f/ *Rrf;'pfvdkYac:wJh tom; 0ga&m*g pwifjzpfyGm;vmygw,f/ a[mwpf a,muf a[m wpfa,mufjzpfvmwmyg/ b,favmufyJ tom;rJoljzpf ygap? olpG Juyf vdk ufwmeJY wpfu dk,f vHk ; 0gxdef oGm;yg awmhw,f/ 'DtxJrSm &yfwyfom;a[mif; wpfa,mufjzpfwJh &JeDwifNidrf;uawmh tqdk;qHk;yg/ q&m0efuvnf; vHkavmuf

19

wJhaq;0g;ukorIray;awmh ydkqdk;vmygw,f/ wpfncsrf; oef;acgif,HrSm ]om;a&} qdkwJhtoHeufBuD;woH Mum;vdkuf &NyD; &JeDwifNidrf; toufaysmufoGm;ygawmhw,f/ b0wl t usOf ; om;vnf ; jzpf ud k , f w d k i f u vnf ; ppftmPm&SifudkwdkufzdkY ydkif;jzwfNyD;jzpfaewmaMumifh xdkn rSmyJ ArmjynfueG fjrLepfygwDu tvHeDygwDukd oGm;aqG; aEG; ygw,f/ oabmxm;ar;ygw,f/ aemuf useftzGJU tpnf; awGudk wpfzGJUcsif;? wpfOD;csif; vdkufvaH qG;aEG;yg w,f/ ygwD xJrSmawmh &JeDwifNidrf; ruG,fvGefrDuwnf; u vIHUaqmf rIawGvkyfxm;NyD;jzpfygw,f/ wdkufyGJwdkuf awmhr,f qdkwm odwmeJY wdkuyf GJ0ifol (uRef;toHk; tEIef;t& Strike r) jzpfvdk aMumif; awmif;qdkrIawG yvHkpD NyD;wufoGm;yg awmhw,f/ ygwDuvnf; vla&G;wJhtcg pHcsdef(3)csufeJU a&G;r,f/ (1) EdkifiHa&;&yfwnfcsuf? (2)usef;rma&;? (3)txl; wm0ef r&Sdolrsm; [lí jzpfyg w,f/ uRefawmfwkdYtpku (1)BudKufwJhpHcsdefeJYa&G;yg/ (2) tzdk; BuD;ESpfa,mufryg&/ q&m&m*sef ESpf&ufeJYxdcdkuf oGm;wm ocFef;pm,lyg/ (3)]u}oHk;vHk;ay:vpD (tusKd; taMumif; cdkifvHk&r,f? tuefYtowfeJY wdkuf&r,f? tusKd; tjrwf &Sd&r,f)t& wdkuw f mjzpf&r,fvkdY wifjy vdkufMuygw,f/ 'Dtcgu wdkufyGJ0ifcsifolawG rsm;vS ygw,f/ tm;vHk;u vnf; atmifbmav aygufrSmudk pdwful;,OfMuygw,f/ udkatmifabmfqdk&if eHygwfwpf rajy;aomfvnf; a&SUqHk;wef; uygr,fxifqdkwJh oDcsif; av;udk NyHK;ppeJU rMum;Edk;Mum; oDqdkaeygawmhw,f/ xdknu tzGJUtpnf;toD;oD;ñSdMu&mrSm wdkuyf GJ awmif; qdkcsufawGukdawmh cyfjrefjrefeJY oabmwlvkdu fMuygw,f/ 1/ &JeDwifNidrf;tavmif;udk jynfr&Sd olYrdom;pkxH jyefydkYay;&ef/ 2/ emwm&Snfa&m*gonfrsm;udk jynfrjyefydkYay;NyD; aq;ukay;&ef/ 3/ pnfoGwfAl;tpm; tom;pdka
trSwfpOf-98 awGyg0ifygw,f/ wdkufyGJ aumfrwDudkvnf; acsmacsmarmarm zGJUvdkuf Edkifygw,f/ xpfaewJhjyóemu uGefjrLepfygwDtaeeJY tiftm;rsm;rsm;oHk;NyD; wdkufcsifw,f/ 'gudk tvHeDygwDu rBudKufvSyg/ vlenf;enf;eJYyJ wdkufzdkY tqdkjyKygw,f/ &JeDwifNidrf;udpö tay:uwdkuf&wmjzpf vdkY axmufxm; zdkYu vnf; vdkjyefygw,f/ ñSd&if; aps;ppf Mu&if;u yxrtokwf rSm vl90‐ausmf&SdwJh uGefjrLepf ygwD zdkrS 10‐a,muf? tvHeDrS 5‐a,muf? rvnyrS 1‐a,muf? aygif; 16‐ a,mufjzpfoGm;ygw,f/ aemufwpf&ufrSmyJ wdkufyGJ pjzpfygw,f/ eHeufapm apm tvif;a&mifawmif ra&mufvmao;yg/ rwfv wGif;rSmrdkY tdy fv d kYtaumif;qHk ;tcsd ef / ausmif ;om;acgif; aqmif udkOmPf0if;wpfa,muf yxrtokwf wdkufyGJ0if &Jabmf awGudk wpfcef;0ifwpfcef;xGuf vdkufEId;aeyg w,f/ tdyfae wJh&Jabmf&JhjcifaxmifxJ vufvQKdNyD; ajcr av;udkudkifum vIyf EId;vdkufwmeJY aigufceJ xvdkufvm olcsnf;yg/ taqmif wdkif;&Jh axmifhwpfae&mrSm pwdkcef;av;awG &Sdygw,f/ udk OmPf0if;ac:oGm;wmu 8‐aqmif&Jh pwdkcef;jzpfygw,f/ a&eHqDrD;tdrfrSdefrSdefxGef;xm;wJh pm;yGJab;rSm vltcsKdU &Sdaeygw,f/ xdyfrSm tbdk;csnf;(2)a,muf? ab;rSm at; aq;pGmxdkifaewJh OD;wifatmif? tom;xl rsufrSef xlBuD;eJY OD;jroef;? udkxif&Sdef(OD;wif&D)? &cdkiftrsKd;om; BuD; OD;odef;jzL? udkvSaz. .ponf? aemufvnf; wpfOD; wpfOD;pD 0ifvmMu&m ausmif ;om;awG j zpf M uwJh ud kt k e f ;jrif h v Id i f ? Azl ;ñG ef U ? udkatmifNidrf; aemufqkH;0ifvm wmu udkatmifxD;eJY udkzkef; qdkawmh (10)a,mufjynfh oGm;NyD/ vlpHkwmeJY acgif;aqmifrsm;u &JabmfwkdYudk wdkufyGJ 0ifzdkY yxrtokwfrSm a&G;cs,fxm;aMumif;? 'DwdkufyGJ[m ig;ydwdkuf yG JeJ Yrwl cuf cJ& Snf MumrSm jzpfaMumif; toufp Gef U wef pGefUMu&rSmjzpfvdkY ydkif;jzwfcsufr&Sd wpfOD;pDudk ar;jref;ygw,f/ yxrqHk; OD;wifatmifu wdkufoifhwJhtcsdef a&mufNyD/ toufpGefYNyD;wdkufyGJ0ifzdkY toifh&SdaMumif; at;at;aq; aq;yJ tajzay;ygw,f/ olNyD;awmh toHjymtuftufeJY OD;jroef;&Jh rD;yifv,fudk jzwfoef; r,fhtoH/ aemufwpf a,mufNyD;wpfa,muf&Jh oE´d|mef csoHrsm;? aemufqkwf r,fholuawmh wpfa,mufrQ r&Sd/ ESvHk;om;wdkuyf GJrdkY tm;vHk; uat;aq;wnf N id r f a eMuwm ud k cH p m;vd k u f r d w ,f / cH,lcsufoabmxm;udk ajymjyMu wmawGrSm wpfcsKdUu wdkwdk&Sif;&Sif;? wpfcsKdUu jynfhjynfh pHkpHk('DtxJrSm OD;jroef;yg ygw,f)csKyfMunfhvdkuf&if ajympum;wdkif;rSm ,HkMunfcsuef JY 20

{+yD-19-2009 tm;rmeftjynfht0 ygaewmudk owdxm;rdw,f/ tvif ;a&mif v nf ; tcef ;xJ u d k 0if p jyKaeygNyD / xGef;xm;wJhrSeftdrfav;&Jh tvif;a&mifawmuf rSdefazsmh vmwJhtcsdefrSm ygwDaq;rSL;udkat;jrifh toifhazsmfxm; wJh qm;cg;&nfudk wpfa,mufwpfcGuf aomufvdkufMu NyD; udk,fhtaqmifudk jyefcJhMuygw,f/ wdkuyf GJ0ifaewJh aeYupNyD; b,folrS pcef;tjyifrxGuMf uawmhyg/ xif;awGudkvnf; vGefcJhwJhwpfygwfavmufu BudKo,f xm;NyD;ESifhygNyD/ 2‐ vpm rSef;o,fxm;wmyg/ wdk uf yG Ja qmif eH ygwf( 1)tjzpf uRefa wmf wd kYaewJ h taqmif9‐ud k a&G;xm;wmjzpfvdk U OD;jroef;? udkvS az? OD ;od e f ;jzLeJ Y uRef a wmf u taqmif rajymif;&awmhy g/ usefwJholawGu tjcm;taqmifawGudkcGJNyD; a&TUMu& w,f/ OD ;wif a tmif ypö n f ;av;awG u d ka wmh wjcm; strik e m rsm;enf;wl &Jabmfwpfa,muf vdkufydkYygw,f/ apmifyg;yg; jcif a xmif e J Y t0wf tpm;avmuf o m vd k t yf ygw,f / aq;½Hkwufvel mavmufawmif ypönf;ypö, rvdkyg/ tdyfpif awGay:rSm cyfcsJcsJtdyf,meJY tpmtiwf cHolawGuvGJNyD; wjcm;r&Sdyg/ wpfcsKdUab;rSmawmh aq;vdyf wpfvdyfESpfvdyf? pmtkyfwpftkyf ESpftkyf&Sdyg&Jh/ eH&HawGay:rSmawmh urÇmhypön;f rJhacgif;aqmifBuD;awGu vGJNyD; ykHwyl ef;csDum; rD;cHjym;BuD;awG tNrdKifom; csdwx f m; ygw,f/ wef;zGifhcsdefa&mufwmeJY xdef;odrf;tm;vHk; pcef;Al;0 udk oGm;Muygw,f/ tmPmydkifawGudk ac:awGUNyD; awmif;qdkcsuf awG awmif;ygw,f/ olwkdYu txufudk wifjyay;yghr,fvkdY taMumif;jyefwmeJY awmif;qdkcsuf awG r&rcsif; 'DaeYupNyD; wdkufyGJ0ifNyDjzpfaMumif; aMunmvdkufMuygw,f/ aemufawmh. . &JeDwifNidrf;udkowfwm (ppftpdk;& ppftpdk;&) zdESdyfcsKyfcs,frI (zsuford f;ypf zsufodrf;ypf) axmifwGif;tcGifhta&; (csufcsif;ay; csufcsif;ay;) pwJ ha
trSwfpOf-98 Nidrfoufae ygw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; olwkdY&Jh ajzqdkoaH wGudk &Sif;&Sif; vif;vif;Mum;Mu&w,f/ vlBuD;awGjzpfwJhtwdkif; at;at;aq;aq; wnfwnfNidrfNidrf/ odkYaomf jywfjywf om; om;&SdvSwhJ olwkdYtoH/ r&rcsif; wdkufr,fqdkwJh ydkif;jzwf csufawGukd Mum;wmeJY usefwhJvli,fydkif;u ajymcsifvGef;vdkY vIyfvIyf&G&GvnfwqefYqefYjzpfaewmudk vnf; owdxm; rd w,f / awmf vSe fa&;orm;BuD ;awG&J h wdku fyG J0ifoH [m vl i ,f a wG u d k tm;jzpf a pwmuawmh &S i f ;aeygw,f / udk,fhudkar;vmawmhvnf; &Sif;&Sif;jywf jywf ajzcsvdkuf rdw ,f / q&m0ef eJ Ytwl Male Nurse vdk Ya c:wJ h a,musf m ; ol e mjyKwpf a ,muf v nf ; ygvm w,f / ]]i&J j ynf u d k olwdkYwawGbmaMumifhrsm; vdkvdkvm; vm;oGm;aeygvdrfh vd kYr sm; pOf ;pm;aeovm;rod ? yxrol Yr sufv H k ;rsm;u 0dkif;0dkif;vnfaewmudk jrifvdkuf rdNyD;aemufawmh NidfrfNyD; awGaeygw,f/ q&m0efu wdkufyGJ0ifoltm;vHk;udk aq;ppf w,f/ aygifcsdefMunfh w,f/ NyD;awmh aq;rSwfwrf; a&;yg w,f/ 'g[m aeYpOf vkyfief;yg/ tkyfcsKyfolawGbufu yxrqHk;vSrf;vmwJh ajcvSrf; uawmh &JeDwifNidrf; tavmif;udk awmif;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ tavmif;udk jymcsNyD; jyefydkYay;r,f/ usefwJh awmif;qdk csufawG txufwifjyxm;w,f/ 'DMum;rSm cifAsm;wdkYtaeeJY wdkufyGJudk qufwdkufEdkifw,fvdkY ajymvmMuygw,f/ 'gudk wdkufyGJaumfrwDu y,fcs vdkufygw,f/ xrif;zdk rS oHacsmif;acgufoH rsm; rMum;&awmhy g/ wpfp cef;vHk ; wdwf qdwfNid rfoufaeygw,f/ tm;vHk ;&Jh vIyf&Sm;rI[m nifnifomomcsnf;jzpfukefygw,f/ ajymMu qdkMu&if;vnf; wdk;wdk;wdwfww d fom/ &JeDwifNidrf;&Jhacgif;udk olaewJh eHygwf(7)taqmif eJY tvHeDzdk;Mum; rsufapmif;xdk;ajruGufvyfay:rSm wJxdk;NyD; pifwifxm;ygw,f/uRefawmhfudka&m usef striker rsm;udkyg NyHK ;jyEIwfq uf wwfM uw,f/ rsm;aomtm;jzifhu awmh jyKpk o l & J a bmf awG e J Y wpf c gwpf & H t ysif ; ajyatmif vma&muf p um;p jrnf a jymMuwJ h &J a bmf a wG e J Y tcsde f uk ef Muwmyg/ 'gay r,fh jyKpko l &J abmf a wG a&m tjyif&JabmfawGa&m striker tcsif;csif;ygcHpm;aeMu&wJh a0'emtaMumif; ]]a,mif}} vdkUrS pum;rpyfrdMu/ 'gudk jyefpOf;pm;Munfhawmh ajymp &mrvdkwhJudpö? striker &JUrmeudk xdcdkufapr,fhudpövdkY tvdkvdkcH,lxm;Muovm;rodyg/ 'D t xJ u uRef a wmf u wpf O D ; csif ;taeeJ Y xk w f r ajym aomfvnf; pdk;&drfaewJh udpö wpfckawmh&Sdygw,f/ txl;ojzifh OD;wifatmifrSm tpmtdrf a&m*g&Sdw,fvdkY Mum;zl;xm; 21

{+yD-19-2009 avawmh 'D'PfaMumifh ydkcH& rvm;qdkwJh pdk;&drfpdwyf g/ &Snfvsm;vSwhaJ eYwmawGudk wpfaeYNyD;wpfaeY jzwf oef; aeMu&ygw,f/ b,folawG tyf,may:vJaeae xl;xl; jcm;jcm; &JabmfatmifxD wpfa,mufuawmh tv,f tlaMum wrifwvif;vrf;twdkif; wzsyfzsyfeJY vrf;avQmuf aeavh &Sdygw,f/ tdyf,may:vSJaecsdef tenf;qHk;vlyg 'DMum;xJ a&'D,dkowif;awG ulzrf;ay; aewwfygao; w,f/ xrif;touf(7)&ufqd kwJ h yxrywfNyD;qHk;csd efr Sm wdkufyGJaumfrwDu wdkufyGJt&Sdef&a&; tm;opfavmif;a&; twGuf jyifqifMuygw,f/ tvm;wl tkyfpdk;olrsm;buf u vnf; ajcvSrf;opfrsm;pwifvSrf;vmygw,f/ axmifrif; BuD;OD;Nidrf;vIdif &efukefuqif;csvmygw,f/zdESdyfa&;udpörSm xHk;pHtwdkif;olwdkYu½dkuf&wJh wkwf tqifh omyg/ &efukef axmufvSrf;a&;&,f uRef;ay:&Sda&wyfu wm0ef&dSol awG &,f ñSdEIdif;NyD;ay;wJhtrdefYudk olwdkYu taumiftxnf az:&jcif;omjzpfygw,f/ 'k wd , ywf ( 8)&uf a jrmuf a eY tavmif ; vk y G J ‐ 'kw d ,tok wf w dk u fy G J 0if r,f ho l (30)[m qm;cg; awGaomufNyD; taqmifeHygwf(10) wdkufyGJaqmif(2)rSm ae &m,lvdkufMuygNyD/ uRefawmfwdkY&JabmfawGxJu vlBuD; ydkif;taeeJY OD;cifarmifjrifh? OD;wif&DwdkY yg0ifvmygw,f/ wpfjcm;xif&Sm;ol ausmif;om;rsm;xJrSm udkOmPf0if;? udkvS Munf? zdk;oHacsmif;? udkatmifabmf? udkouf0if;? udkñeG fUacgif polwdkYukd rSwrf daeygw,f/ppfwyfrS udktek f;armf? wyfMuyf BuD;jrwfaqG? wyfMuyfBuD; wif0if;wdkYygygw,f/ vkyf½dk;vkyfpOf a
trSwfpOf-98 tm;ay;½Hkom wwfEdkifygw,f/ 0g'gawGvufyef;usoGm;wJhtcg wyfacgufNyD; opf yifawGatmuf xdkifox l kdif? vSJolvJSNyD; tem;,lygw,f/ tm Pmydk ifa wGu t&uf(9)armif ;wd kuf NyD ;? xGuf vkv dku f? yef ; wJ h t cgjyef e m;vd k u f vk y f a eygw,f / ajymzd k Y &m wpf c ku sef o Gm ;wmu tavmif ;prvk c if ol Ywyf uk d ,f h wyf j yif a epOf OD ;Nid r f ;vI d i f u 'D b uf r S m vd k u f v H O D ;pD ; BuD;Muyfaeol q&m&m*sefudk ]]q&m q&mh twGuf q&m uawmfuay;vdkufwJhpmeJY tpm;t aomufav;awG uRef awmfeJYygvmw,f/ tydkYvTwf vdkuf&rvm;vdkY}} oHql;BuD; tjyifbufu atmfajymyg w,f/ q&m&m*sef pdwfwdkpdwf ½IwfomG ;yHk&NyD; ]]xm;vdkuf prf;ygAsm ta&;xJrS wdkufyGJNyD; rSp um;ajymr,fvd kY wkefY jyefvdk ufwmudk OD;wifatmif tBuD;tus,fo abmus oGm ;NyD; toH xG u fa tmif &,f ygw,f/ tm;vHk;uvnf; 'DtuGuu f kd oabmus&,fol&,f NyHK;olNyHK;jzpfukefus ygw,f/ rGef;wnfhoGm;ygNyD/ axmif0g'gawG 0if0ifvkwJh wHcg; aygufvnf; jyefydwfoGm;NyD;/ olwdkYvnf; xrif; pm;Mu? opfyifatmuftdyfNyD; em;olem;Mu? uRefawmf wdkYuvnf; taqmifxJjyef0ifol0if? vkyfp&m&Sdwmvkyf oluvkyf? uif; apmifholuapmifheJY tcsDBuD; em;vdkuf Muygw,f/ 'gayr,fh taumufOmPfrsm;vSwJh axmif trIxrf;awGu tvpfrSm tuG,fwpfck oHql;BudK; awGudkjzwfum w[kefxdk;ajy;0if vmMuygw,f/ aemuf awmh tvG,fwul acgif;udko,fr oGm;EdkifcJhw,f/ ydkNyD;,kwfrmywfpufwmuawmh tavmif; udkavwif uae rD;wif½dIYvdkujf cif;yg/ teHYqdk;BuD;aMumifh wpcef; vHk; atmf*vDqefoGm;ygawmhw,f/ ajy;a&Smifp&m ajrur&Sd/ wdkufyGJuawmh t&SdefrjywfqufvufcsDwuf qJyg/ 'k w d ,tywf a0'em‐ &moDu yl? &ifwG if;uyl cE¨mudk,fwpfckvHk; rD;wif ½IdUcH& ovdk avmifNrdKufjcif;cHaeMuwJhtcsdef a&aomuf vnf;wpfc PyJ ouf omwJ ht jzpfy g/ t&omt&S d qH k ; uawmh pcef;xJrSm udk,fbmomwl;xm;wJh wGif;ESpf wGif;u a&at;at;ud k pd r f c sKd ;Mu&jcif ;jzpf y gw,f / jyKpko l &J abmfawGu taqmifESpfapmifMum; iSuaf ysmyif&dyfrSm a& at; at;t&efoifhcyfay;xm;wmrdkY avmif;vdkufwm eJY wpfudk,f vHk;at;jroGm;NyD; &yfcsifpdwfr&Sdawmhyg/ cyfay;wJh &Jabmf awGudk tm;em;vdkYom &yfvdkuMf u& ygw,f/ jyKpka&;wm0ef,lxm;wJh&JabmfawG[m tifrwef yif yef;Muygw,f/ wGJac:a&;csKd;ay;½Hkru oefY&Sif;a&; vkyfay;?

{+yD-19-2009 t0wfawGudk pkNyD; jyKwfavQmfay;wmvnf; vkyf&ygw,f/ pum;pjrnfxdkifajymay;&wmuawmh tNrJwrf;tvkyfyg/ aemuf y d k i f ; a&muf w J h t cg vrf ; avQmuf c sif & if w G J avQmufay;&ygw,f/ olwdkYwawG[m tajymif;tvJawGudk tNrJwrf ;arQmfvifhxm;&NyD; vla&m pdwfyg ]]owd}}tae txm;rSm &SdaeMu&ygw,f/ wdkufyGJ 0ifolawGuawmh ab; rSm&JabmfawG&SdaewmrdkY pdwu f dk wajzmifhwnf;xm;NyD; wdkuf vd kY&ygw,f/ (e0wacwf? etzacwf rS mawmh 'DtcGi fh ta&;rsKd;awmif ray;yg/ ydkqkd;ygw,f/ EIdif;,SOf Munfh&if rqvacwfu twk ta,mifqkd&S,fvpfrsufESmzHk; pGyfxm; wJhacwf? 'Dacwfus awmh ajymifajymifwif;wif; ppftyk fcsKyf a&; bDvl;acgif; aqmif;xm;wJhacwfayudk;/) 'kw, d tokw0f ifwJhtcsdefrSm jyKpkolawGtaeeJY ajcEdkif vuf E d k i f & S d y gao;w,f /  striker  awG u vnf ; wpf c sKd U udpöawGrSm udk,fxlukd,x f vkyfEdkifwJh taetxm; yg/ 'gay r,fh wwd, tokw f0ifvmwJht csd efusawmh jyKpk cHr,fh olursm; jyKpkolOD;a&u enf;yg;oGm;NyD; t&yf om;pum; eJYajym&&if b,fol ]racsmif}yg/ tzdk;BuD;rsm; vnf; tzdk;BuD; rsm;tavsmuf tdyfa&;ysufxm;vdkY rsuf wGif;awGu a[muf yuf/ 'kwd,tywfrSmvnf;  striker  rsm;tzdkY qmavmif rGwf odyfjcif;'D*&Du usroGm;/ 'gayr,fh wrf;wrI trsKd;tpm; rSmawmh jcm;em;oGm;ygNyD/ qDy sH[if;awGudk rawmifhw awmhyg/ rkefYawG rkefYawG/ aygifrkefY? udwfrkefY? xdk;rkefY? [mv 0g? ua&u&mrS rkefYjym;ovuftxd acgufqGJ? rkefY[if;cg;? MumqHBuD;csufvnf; pm;csifyg w,f/ aemufNyD; EGm;EdkU csKdcsKdqdkvnf; wyHk;avmufudk wpfa,mufwnf;eJY ukefr,f xifaeygw,f/ wwd , tywf ‐ wwd,tokwftaeeJY aemufxyf(47)a,muf wdkuf yGJ0ifvmygw,f/ wwd,tokwfudk taqmif eHygwf(8) rSmxm;NyD; ydkwJholawGudk tvHeDaqmifjzpfwJh taqmifeH ygwf(7)rSm xm;ygw,f/ wdkuyf GJ0ifol pkpkaygif;[m xdef; odrf;OD;a&&Jh wpf0ufeD;yg;jzpfvmcJh ygNyD/ uRefawmfwdkY tzGJUtpnf;taeeJYajym&&if striker OD;a&uydkrsm;aeygw,f/ cktcsdefxd tmPmydkifawGbufuvnf; cyfat;at; uRefawmfwdkYbufuvnf; t&SdefrSefrSefeJY csDwufaeqJ/ striker  awG&Jh aygifcsdefawGuawmh waygifNyD;wpfaygif avsmhus vmaeygw,f/ pdw"f gwfbufrSmawmh awmif wufc&D;udk wpfxpfNyD;wpfxpf wufvSrf;aeMuovdk cHpm;rdw,f/ aoG; yl a vh u sif h c ef ;NyD ;vd k Y t&S d e f & pvnf ; &S d a eygNyD / tzG J U 22

trSwfpOf-98 tpnf;aygif;pHk yg0ifMuwmrdkY tm;usrcH pdwfawGuvnf; udk,fpD&SdaeMuygw,f/ wwd,ywfa0'em‐ tm;&yg;&0g;pm;&wJ h tpm;taomuf r sKd ;awG u d k rwrf;wawmhyg/ a&cJpdrf bdvyf&nf? BuH&nf? zmvl'g/ Ice  Cream ponfrsKd; t&nf& Trf;wJh opfoD;rsm;ud kom awmifh wmvmygw,f/ taqmifab; oabFmyifawG ay:u rSnfh 0if;aewJh oabFmoD;awGudk tmomirf;irf; Munfhrdw,f/ awmfawmf'ku©ay;wJht&mawGygvm;/ pm;r,fholvnf;r&Sd wefzdk;rJhjzpfae&SmMuw,f/ &ifxJ0rf;xJrSmylaewJhtodyJ &Sdw,f/ [kef;[kef; xae wmyg/ &moDuvnf; ylwJhv udk,feHYawGaMumifh yJvm;? w&d p ä m ef a wG & J h AD Z tod a Mumif h v m; rajymEd k i f ? yk & G w f qdwaf wGu vIyf&rSm tm;r&SdawmhwJh vlemawGudk wufNyD; udkufMuygw,f/ tom;awGudkyJ pm;aeMu wmyg/ udkufwJh ae&mrSm wGif;uav;awG jzpfusef&pf ygw,f/ 'ghaMumifh vnf; vl emapmifh &Ja bmfawGu apmif hNyD;owf ay; ae& ygw,f / ol w d kU rS m vnf ; tvk y f u trsm;om;/  striker  awGrsm;vmawmh wpfOD;csif;vnf; apmifhrMunfhEdkifawmh/ wpf j cm;buf v S n f h o G m ;wmeJ Y 'D b uf r S m ud k u f E S i f h N yD ; aemufawmh vlemab;rSm twm; tqD;tjzpf a&eHqDuiG f;NyD; okwfay;ygw,f/ yk&Gufqdwf jyóemwufwm[m wwd, ywfukefcgeD;tcsdefvdkY rSwrf daeygw,f/ ylwJhavmifwJhudpöudk ajymcJhygNyD/ 'gawmif uRefawmf wdkYtokwu f (16)a,mufxJae&wmrdkY vluacsmif av0if avxG u f u aumif ;ygw,f / vl ( 30)pD a e&wJh 'k w d , tokwfeJY wwd,tokwftcef;awGrSmawmh ydkNyD; ylavmifay vdrfhrnf/ 'gaMumifhvnf; naeapmif;wmeJU taqmifxJu xGufxGufvmwwfMuNyD; taqmifESpfaqmifMum;&Sd iSufaysm yif&dyf oabFmyif&dyfawGrSm cdkMu&w,f/ wwd,ywfausmfvmawmh a&csKd ;xGufolawG&Jh yHkyef; o@mef[m edrdwfBuD;av;yg;xJu oltdkolemawG twdkif; jzpfvmygw,f/ t&yf&Snf&SnfeJY e*dkurS ydefMuwJh OD;wif atmifwdkY udktkef;jrifhvIdifwdkYqkd&if ESD;jym;axmifxm; ovdk jzpfaeygNyD/ uRefawmfwdkYvnf; a&csKd;wJhtcg a&avmif; vdkufwmeJY cg;½HIUabmif;bDwdk atmufavQm avQmygoGm; wwfvdkY vufeJYujymuoD qGJwif&wm tBudrfBudrfyg/ uRefawmf aoaocsmcsm rSwfrdaeygw,f/ taqmif ajrmufzsm;uaeNyD; wa&GUa&GUavQmufvmwJh olYyHko@mefyg/ &Snv f sm;vSwhJ olYt&yfBuD;[m ydk&Snv f m ovm;vdkYawmif xifvdkufrdw,f/ jyKpko&l Jabmfu ab;em;rSm uyfvdkufyg 23

{+yD-19-2009 vmayr,fh wGJp&mrvdk olYzmom avQmufvSrf;vmygw,f/ qD;oG m;cef;xJ 0if oG m ;NyD ; jyeft xG uf r Sm uRef a wmf w dk Y tdyfpifbufMunfhvdkufum NyHK;EIwfqufygw,f/ EIwfu awmh bmoHrSxGufrvmyg/wa&GUa&GUavQmuf vSrf;oGm;wJh olYausmjyifukdMunfhNyD; vGefcJhwJhESpfu abmvD abmwpfyGJudk jyef o wd & vd k u f r d w,f / puf w ifb m(1)&uf jynf o l Y wyfrawmfaeYtxdrf; trSwfyGJrSm tm;upm;NydKifyGJ? aysmfyGJ&TifyGJ av;rsm; vkyfjzpfMuygw,f/ 'DpOfu &Syftusv Ð uf&Snf teD&ifh&ifhBuD;0wfvdkY vif;,kef BuD;[m a&SUwef;ckwf½dkufoltjzpf vTm;ceJ vGifhceJ ckefysH upm;aeygw,f/ 'gayr,fh olwdkYacwf upm;enf;eJY ckupm; enf;pepfpnf;rsOf;awGu rwlawmh yg/ 'gaMumifh azmif;cP cPtay;cHae&ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh olwdkYtoif; uyfywdef u olYudkxkwfvdkufyg w,f/ uyfywdefvkyfolu ausmif; om;vli,fwpf a,mufyg/ 'gayr,fh olu usKd;EGHpGm uGif;u xGuaf y; &Smw,f/ vlcsnf;rsm;csnf; upm;wJhyGJrSmvnf; ol0ifupm; yg w,f/ 'DyGJuawmh NydKifyGJr[kwf/ aysmfyGJjzpfvdkY pnf;urf; rxm; [dkbuf'Dbufa&mif&ifNyD;a&mqdkwJh yGJrsKd;yg/ q&m &m*sefBuD; Adkufudk abmvHk;rSefvkdY Adkuyf GwfNyD;xGuo f mG ;& wm/ OD;jroef; abmvHk;udk rsufrSef; rSef;upm;aewmawG awG;rdawmhvnf; NyHK;csifovdkvdk tjzpfrdom;/ nrSmuwJhjyZmwfwpfyk'frSmvnf; oleJUOD;jroef;udk cspf pEdk;aemufajymifMuwJhtuGufawG xnfhxm;ygw,f/ ½kyfeJU emrf b,f[mt"duusovJ aqG;aEG;Mu&mrSm q&mawmf OD;"r®u uyÜd,OD;ayoD;eJY 'umBuD;wa,muf&JUaqG;aEG; cef;udk y&dowfoabmusMuygw,f/ q&mawmfu olYrSm 'umESpfa,muf&Sdw,f/ 'DtxJrSm quf v uf a z: jyygrnf ? pmrsuf E S m -15rS ta&;MuD;aom pufrv I ufrI pDdrHude;f tcsdKU taMumif;udkrlum; þpmapmifyg jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&; aqmif;yg;ü tMurf;tm;jzifh azmfjyxm;ayonf/ þum; uREfkyfwd kY &nfrSef;csufjzpfonf / tcsdKU vkyif ef;rsm;wGif aiGa&;aMu;a&; rjynfhpkrH IaMumifh4if;? wdkif;jynf rNidrf0yfrIaMumifh4if;? wkd;wufrI&So d ifhoavmuf r&dSbJ aESmifhaES; cJh&onf/ rnfokYyd ifjzpfap Edik if Hawmf tpdk;&ESihf wdik f;jynfvlxk\ pdwfüum; uREfkyfwdkY EdkifiHawmfonf rMumjrifhrD umvtwGif; opfvGifwdk;wufaom EdkifiHwEdkifiH jzpfajrmufvm&rnf[laom pdwfxm;onf oHrdIESufouJhokYd pGJíaeonfom jzpfayownf;/ (a&TArmpmapmifrS) (pmaypDppfa&;rSy,fcaJh ompmrl) OD;oef@

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

jynfyESifhjynfwGif;rD'D,mrsm; qufqHa&;t=um; em;vnfr_vJGapEdkifaom tcsufrsm; owdjyK&efvdkae azaz:0g&D 19? 2009 ckESpf tzGJU0if rdef;uav;wpfOD; tdrfajymif;wm vdkuu f n l &D if; tJ'D uRefawmf jynfwGif;owif;*sme,fwpfapmifu t,f'D wmwpfOD;yg/ jynfyu jrefrmowif;awG xkwfjyefay;aewJh rD 'D,mawGt m;vHk;udk tNrJa pmifhMunfh zwf ½Iem;axmif jzpfygw,f/ tifwmeufowif;pmrsuf ESmawG? a&'D,kdtoH vTifhcsufawG? N*dKvfxk½kyfjrifoHMum; awGa&maygh/ uRefawmfh udk jynfyrD'D,mawGu qufoG,f NyD; odvdkorQ ar;vmwm awGvnf; odorQ ajymjy ajzay;NrJygyJ/ 'Daemufydkif;rSmawmh uRefwmfck acgif;pOf wifxm;ovdk tjyifeJY twGif;rD'D,m awGMum; em;vnfrI vGJp&mtjzpfawG tcsdefumv&if twGif; u tultnDudk tjyifu rD'D,morm;awGr&Edkifr,fh tae txm;rsKd;awG owdjyKrdvmvdkY ckvdkwifjy&wmyg/ tjyifu rdwaf qG awG owdrrlrdjzpfae&ifvnf; tcsdefrD owd rljyifEdkif atmif &nf&G,fygw,f/ b,folYudkrS repfemap vdkwJhpdwf eJY ajym qdkjcif;r[kwfwm tjrif&Sif;apcsifygw,f/ tjyifu rD'D,mawGtm;vHk;udkvnf; 'Dpmwrf;a0 rQay; apvdkyg w,f/ tifwmeufowif;pmrsufESmawGrSm jynf wGif;u tajc taeowif;awG wifjyaewmeJYywf oufNyD; OD;pGmajym yg&ap/ uRefawmfhudk tjyifurD'D,m wpfcku rdwfaqGwpfOD; ajymjyzl;ygw,f/ olwkdYu vGwfajrmuf e,fajrrSm vkyfae& w,fq dka yr,fh olwd kYrSm vnf; tcuft cJ &Sd ygw,f wJ h/ tJ'gu owif;t&if;tjrpf Souce &Sm&jcif;ygwJh/ owif;udk twnfjyKay;EdkifzdkYvl vdktyfyg w,fwh/J owif;twnfjzpfzdkY vSnfhar;&wm wpfcg wpfcg pdwfnpfp&mvdkY qdkygw,f/ jynfwiG f;rSmvkyfae& wJh uRefawmfwkdYawGrSmvnf; zdtm;awG tcuftcJawG&Sd wm em;vnfygw,fvdkY ajymygao;w,f/ tJ'DrSm wpfcgwpfcg olwdkYawG owif;udkydkrdkwefzdk;&SdvdkwJh tae eJYa&m 'Dowif;[m b,favmufrSefuefw,fqdkwm jycsifwmawG avmoGm;NyD; apmifhxdef;&r,fh tajccHusifh 0wf a wGu e vG w fo G m ;wmawG & Sd a ew,f vd k Y uRef a wmf h taeeJYjrifrdaMumif; a0zefaxmufjyjzpfcJhygw,f/ wpfcsKdU tifwmeufrD'D,mawGu owif;OD; owif;xl; NyD;a&mqdkNyD;raocsmao;wJhtajctae owif;awG wifMu wmawGU&w,f/ aemufqufwGJ tusKd ;qufu jynfwGif; uolawG'kua© &muf&wmygyJ/ OyrmtaeeJYqdk aebkef;vuf tzrf;cH&wmrSm tufpfbDu tvdk&SdaewJh tzGJUcsKyfvli,f

rdef;uav;udk zrf;pOf rSm olutwl&SdaevdkY ar;jref;ppfaq; aeqJy J&Sdygao; w,f/ 'Dt csdefu tjyifu rD'D ,mawG (tifwmeuf pmrsufESmawGt&ifqHk;yg)uae owif;xkwf Muawmh bavmh*g aebkef;vwf tzrf;cH&NyD/ ol[mbmjzpf w,f bmnmpojzifhaygh 0dkif;a&;MuawmhrS 'Duaxmuf vSrf; a&;awGuqufpyfvkdufNyD; trIqifpGJ&muae ckqdk ESpf ESpf q,faxmifusoGm;cJhygNyD/ uRefawmfwdkY *sme,f vpfawG xJrSmqdk&ifvnf; (Flower New Journal) owif; axmufcsKyf udkapmjrifhoef; axmifokH;vuscJh&wm[m qdk&if tjyifurD'D ,m&Jh wifjyyHkvGefoGm;wJhtwGufjzpf& wmvdkY a0zefaxmuf jyyg&ap/ owif;8sme,ftodkif; t0dkif;uMum;&wJhyHkpHrsKd; ta&;tom;awGtm;vHk; azmha&; &if&ygvsufeJY apmjrifhoef; uajymjywJhyHkpHrsKd ; t"dyÜg,f xGufwJh ta&;tom;aMumifh olYcrsm uHqdk;pGm tzrf;cH cJh&ygw,f/ olY&Jh t,f'DwmawG tvdkufaumif;vdkYom jyefvGwfvmEdkifwmjzpfygvdrfhr,f/ wjcm;tzrf;cHxm; &wJh *sme,fvpfawG owif;a&;om;&m rSmvnf; olwdkY rdom;pk0ifawGqDu od&olwdkYawG udk,fwdkif jyefajymjy wmrSefayr,fhvnf; tJ'DvkdBuD; twdtusra&;bJ rdwfaqGtodkif;t0d kif;u od&onfwdkY tqdkyg*sme,fvpf rdom;pkESifh eD;pyfolxHrSo&d onfwdkYavmufqkd &Edkifr,f xif ygw,f/ tjyifuae twdtusa&;jyvdkY 'DvlawG vGwf ajrmufa&;eJY jynfwGif;pme,fZif;awG vGwv f yfpGm vkyfydkif cGifh&wJhtcGifhta&;awG&vmjcif; r&dSygbl;/ tajctaeawG ydkqkd;oGm;apwmyJ&Sdygw,f/ tqdkyg *sme,fvpfawGvnf; etz&Jh tjrifuwfyk'frwdk;NyD; axmifoufwdk;oGm; wmyJ &Sdygw,f/ ydkqdk;&Gm;wmu tjyifuvlawGeJY twGif;uvlawG rSm ,cifuvkyfaz: udkifzufa[mif;oli,fcsif;rdwfaqGawG jzpfcJhMuzl;yg w,f/ jynfwGif;rD'D,mawGeJYqkid fwhJ owif;rsKd; awGeJY ywfoufvdkY ar;&if pum;vufqHkusar;ovdk odcsif vdkY ar;ovdk omreftvmy ovmyajymqdkovdk ar;oGm; NyD;rS tvkyfwdkufemrnfawGajymjy olYemrnfawG &mxl; awGeJY owif;xJrSm a&;xnfhaz:jyvdkufwmawGaMumifh txJuvl awG tcuftcJawGUBuHKcJhMu&zl;wm odapcsif ygw,f/ b,f avmufyJ cifrifygw,fajymajym owif; orm;[m owif; orm;usifh0wfudkvdkufem&rSmygyJ/ emrnfoHk;cGifhr&Sd? tvkyf

24

trSwfpOf-98 wdkufemrnfaz:jycGifh &r& cGifhawmif;&rSmyJ jzpfygw,f/ tu,fí rdrdowif; axmufa&;wifwJh owif;awGrSm tJvdk twdtusawG ygvmcJh&if wm0efcHt,f'DwmawGu udk,fhqD owif; a&mufvm&if taotcsmar;zdkY vdkygw,f/ txJu vlawG'ku©a&mufoGm;&if tjyifuvlawG bmrSvkyfray; Edkifygbl;/ rdrdwdkYta&;tom;wpfckaMumifh olwpfyg; xdcdkuf r,fhtaetxm;rsKd;awGrSm owif;wifjyyHkawGudk txl;*½k pdk u fa pvd ky gw,f / uRefa wmf t xJ rS m jyef M um; od& o avmufrSm tjyifrD'D,mawGtwGuf txJuae vkyfay;aeol wpfcsKdU[m owif;a&;om;&mrSm owif; taMumif;bmtwd tusukd aocsmrodygbJ txifeJY rSef;a&;xnfhvdkufwmawG? wu,fr ar;bJ ar;wJh yH kr sKd ;? olYemrnft wd tusxnf h oHk;vdkufolu wpfu,frajym ygbJ ajymovdka&;vdkufwJh ta&;awGaMumifh jynfwGif;rSm &yfwnfvkyfae&olawG tcuf tcJawG BuHKcJh&wmawG &Sdygw,f/ rdrdwkdY&Jh jynfwGif;owif; axmufeJY tJ'D emrnfygolawGMum; b,fvdkrsKd;qufqHa&; jyóemawG &SdaevJqkw d m odxm;oifhp&myg/ emrnfawGyg vmNyDy J/ tJ' Dum,uH& Sif awGu dk quf oG,f ar;Munfhzd kY 0efrav; MuygeJYvdkY wdkufwGef;yg&ap/ txJuvlawGrSm b,fvdkrS ajz&Sif;vdkYrajywJh jyóemawG wpfyHkBuD;BuHK & rSmrdkYyg/ owif;awGeJY owif;xJrSmygwJh tajctaeawG emrnf awG [kwfr[kwf oufqdkif&mt,f'DwmtaeeJY tNrJ oHo,eJY pdppfMuygvdkY wdkufwGef;yg&ap/ txJu rdrdwdkY owif;axmufwpfcsKdU a&;ydkYwmawGrSm olwdkYeJY eD;pyfolawG (wpfcsKdU olwkYdudk,fwkid ftJ'D*sme,fwdkufawG rSm tvkyfvyk fae olawG)a&;wJh owif;awGrSm t,f'Dwm trnf? *sme,f trnfawGraz:yJa&;wm awGU&Sdygw,f/ 'gayr,fh wpfcsKdU owif;awG rS musawmh *sme,f u t,f' Dw mtrnf awG *sme,ftrnfawGrxnfhvnf; &ayr,fh xnfha&;wmawG usawmh olwpfyg;epfemapvdk wJhoabmrsKd ;eJY xnfha&; ovm; txifrSm;p&mygyJ/ jynfwGif;*sme,fu vlwpf a,muf t rnf ? *sme,f t rnf eJ Y tJ ' D * sme,f u tzG J U 0ifwpfOD;qdkNyD; a&;wmrsKd;awG[m txJuvltwGuf pdppf a&;eJY jyóemwufapw,fqdk wm tjyifuvlawGodoifh ygw,f/ 'g[mtav;teuf odxm;&r,fht&mygbJ/ rD'D ,m&JUusif h0wf? t,f' Dwm awG&JU apmif hxdef;vdkuf em& r,fhusifh0wfawG? owif;axmufawGvdkufem&r,fhusifh 0wfawG? udk,fho wif;&if;jrpfudk umuG,f&r,fhwm0efawG udk tav;teufapmifhxde f;MuygvdkY wdkufwG ef;yg&ap/ udk,fh&Jh owif;&if;jrpfawG udk,fhudkowif;ay;aewJh jynf wGif; rD'D,muvlawG 'ku©ra&mufzdkY qifjcifMuyg/ 'DvkdrS 25

{+yD-19-2009 r[kwf&ifawmh tjyifuvlawGeJY qufqHzdkY tjyifu odcsif wmawG ar;vm&if ajzzdk Y txJ uvl a wG 0 ef a v; vmyg vdrfhr,f/ Mumvm&if twGif;eJYtjyifeJY qufqaH &; ysu, f iG f; oGm;rSmjzpfygw,f/ toHvT ifh rD' D,mawG vnf ; usifh 0wf awG apmifh xde f; &r,fhtydkif;awG tm;enf;csuf&SdwmawG awGUvmae&yg w,f / uRef a wmf h q D u d k a &'D , d k E S p f c k a r;wmrS m pum; uawmufuq jzpfcJ hzl ;ygw,f/ wpfck aom a&'D,d ku zkef;qufar;ygw,f/ uRefawmfu tJ'DtaMumif;t&m awmh rajzyg&apeJYvq J dka&m cifAsm;aMumufovm;vdkY ar;ygw,f/ a[hvl cifAsm;vnf; owåd&Sdw,fqdk&if txJuaevkyf/ uRefawmfhv mar; uRefawmfvnf; ajzr,f/ cifA sm;a&m uRefawmfa&m ESpfa,mufpvHk;0if r,fvmcJhqdka&m zkef;cs oGm;av&Jh/ aemufwpfa,mufu usawmh cifAsm;emrnfeJY &mxl;*sme,ftrnfoHk;vdkY& rvm; t&ifqHk;ar;ygw,f/ uRefawmfu cifAsm; bm taMumif;t&mar;rSmvJ uRefawmf u bmajymay;&rSm vJar;wmudk tJ'gajymvdkYr&bl; cifAsm; emrnfoHk;cGifh&rS ajymjyvdkY&r,fqdkvmoluvnf; &Sdygao; w,f/ uRefawmfajz&r,fhtaMumif;t&m bmar;r,fqkdwm rodyJeJY emrnfoHk;cGifhray;Edkifbl;yJ jiif;vdkufygw,f/ a&'D,d ku rdwf awGa wG bmowif;&Sdv J? bmxl;vJ bmvk y f & &if a umif ;rvJ ar;vmwmawG q d k uRef a wmf odwmawG wwfEdkifoavmufawG ulnDaewmygyJ/ tJ'DrSm wpfcsKdUu uRefawmfowif;taMumif;t&mawG ajymjywmrSm toH ,l v T i f h oG m ;wmawG BuH K &zl ;ygw,f/ uRef a wmf r S m aemufwpfacgufqufvm&if ar;&awmhw,f/ cifAsm; t aMumif;t&myJodcsifvdkY ar;wmaemf uRefawmfhtoH roHk; rSmaocsmw,faemfqdkNyD; tmrcHcdkif; ygw,f/ aemuf a&'D,dkawGuvnf; owif;OD; NyD;a&mqdkNyD; ao csmjcif ;&S dr &S d rpd ppf bJ vT i fh wwfw mawGa wG U &ygw,f / taMumif;t&mu jynfw Gif ;rS mtvkyf vkyf aeol awGu dk rxdcdkuEf dkifwmrsKd;qdk&if udprö &Sdayr,fh txJu vlawG vkyf& udkif&usyfoGm;apr,fh owif;rsKd;awGawmh aocsmtwnf jyKcsuf,lMuNyD;rS vTifhMuygvdkY owday;yg&ap/ a&'D , d k u vl a wG vmvm'k u © a y;wwf w muawmh owif ; taMumif ; t&majymNyD ;NyD / tJ ' D a vmuf e J Yr vH k avmufbJ ajymEdkifr,fhvl toHay;Edkifr,fhvl &Smay;ygOD; qdkNyD; vkyfwwfwmygyJ/ a&'D,dk&JU oabmw&m;uvnf; toHygrS owif;wefzdk; wufwmrdkY tcufom;yJ/ 'gayr,fh udk ,feJ Y &if ;ESD;wJho lawG *sme,ftod kif;t0dkif ;uvl awG toHawGoHk; NyDqdk&if toHudk rarhravsmh zsufay;MuzdkY

trSwfpOf-98 {+yD-19-2009 vdkygw,f/ wpfcsKdUawGtoHu tcsif;csif;em;axmif vdkuf&if rSwfrdyg w,f/ 'gawmh b,folajymwmyJqdkNyD; odEdkifygw,f/ a&'D,dkowif;axmufawGvnf; udk,fhowif;&if; jrpfudk umuG,fzdkY? owif;ar;&ifvnf; toHoHk;vdkY &^r&? emrnf &mxl; *sme,fawG oH k;vd kY&^r&Ed kifa ocsm ar;NyD;rS vkyf apcsifygw,f/ NyD ;awmh ud k,fa r;wJ hol ajzwJh[mawGr Sm taMumif;t&mawG udk,v f dkovdk wnf;jzwf,lNyD; udk,fvdk&mudk qGJvTifhoGm;wmrsKd; twwfEdkifqHk; a&Smifapcsifygw,f/ ajymwkef;u wpfu,fh &nf&G,cf suft"dyÜg,feJY vGJomG ;wwfvkYdyg/ tJ'DtcgrSm txJuajzay;wJhvltwGuf 'ku©a&muf&rSmrdkYyg/ toH oufoufoHk;oGm;&ifawmfao;&JU/ emrnfygxnfhokH;oGm; wJh toHvTifhcsufrsKd;rSm tJ'Dvdk tajzudk vdk&mqGJvTifhoGm; &if jynfwGif;u vltwGuf vkyfudkif&yfwnf&wmawG cufcJomG ;apygvdrfhvdkY owday;yg&ap/ 'Dusifh0wfav;awG vdkuef mzdkY tm;enf;aewm awGU& aewwfvdkYyg/ 'gawGudk owdrxm;bJ qufrSm; aer,f qdk&ifawmh tjyifeJYtxJ&Jh qufqHa&;Mum;rSm em;vnf rIvGJp&m awGUBuHK&vmEdkifygw,f/ tJ'DvdkrsKd;awG rsm;vmNyD qdk&if aemuf tjyifubmar;ar; ar;vdkY&awmhrSm r[kwfygbl;/ tJ'DvdkawGjzpfvmNyDqdk&ifawmh 'Dpmwrf;tprSm uRefawmfhrdwfaqGajymovdk uRefawmfwdkYtjyifuvlawG rSmvnf; tcuftcJ&Sdygw,fqdkwJhtcsuf[m ydkcufcJ vmygvdrfhr,fvdkY tcsdefrDowday;yg&apcifrsm;/ txJESifh tjyif rcGJjym;bJ pnf;vHk;pGmjzifh ,HkMunf&mudktwlwl vufwGJaqmif&GuEf dkifygapvdkY qE´jyK&ygw,f/

jynfwGif;owif;*sme,f t,f'DwmwOD;/

0rf;enf;a=uuGJjcif; usaemfwdk@cspfcifav;pm;&aom/ uAsmarSmftwwfESifht m%m&SifpepfudkawmfvSefwwfatmif usaemfwdk ht m; oif=um;ay;cJhaom uAsmwyfrSL;}uD; q&m=unfatmifonf ESvHk;a&m*gjzifh 2009 ck rwf v 24 &ufae@wGif rE Wav; +rdK@Y uG,fvGefoGm;onfhtwGuf tm[m&pmapmif0dkif;awmfom;rsm;rS usef& pfolrdom;pkESifhxyfwlxyfr# 0rf;enf; a=uuGJ& ygonf/ q&m.trnft&if;rSm =unfvifjzpd+yD; udkav;(tif;0*k%f&nf)/ wifrdk;/ armifpGrf;&nf/ *k%fxl;OD;odef;Edkif wdk@ESifh rE W a v;ouU o d k v f w G i f acwf + yd K if r sm;jzpf c J h y gonf ? q&monf a':atmif q ef ; pk = unf y g0if O D ; aqmif a om trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfrSjyKvkyfaom pmaya[majymyGJrsm;wGifa[majym&mrSpwif+yD; ppftkyfpkrS q&m.trnfjzifh uAsmeSifhpmtkyfrsm;xkwfa0cGifhudk ydwfyifcJhygonf? q&monf ref;ouUodkvf wufaepOf 1958-59 ckESpf rE Wav;uavmif&Siftoif;twGif;a&;rSL;/ ESpfvnfr*~Zif; t*Fvdyfpm pmwnf;/ 1960-61 rE Wav;ouUodkvf ESpfvnfr*~Zif; jrefrmpm pmwnf;tvkyfrsm; vkyfudkifcJhygonf? q&m.uAsmpmtkyfrsm;rSm armifpGrf;&nfESifhwGJzufI pd=wuAsmrsm;pmtkyft m; 1960wGifxkwfa0cJhygonf? 1963wGif xkwfcJhaom q&m. vrif;w&m uAsmpmtkyfonf trsdK;om;pmayqkudk &&SdcJhonf? vrif;w&m t+idrfhonf q&m=unfatmif. vrif;w&mudktpGJjyKI rE Wav;+rdK@wGifay:aygufvmjcif;jzpfonf? q&m.xif&Sm;aom pmtky f r sm;rSm - 'k V0wD r S {&m0wD o d k @(1965)/ rd c if r m&oG e f / a[rE W a jcjref a wmf ( 1991)/ ESi f ; qD c if; ay:u vrif; (1994) paomuAsmpmtkyfrsm;ESifht wl opPm&Smzdk@ igjrif;pD;r,f (1990) pum;ajypmtkyfwdk@jzpfonf? q&monf vlomaooGm;aomfvnf; q&m.uAsmrsm; pmrsm;onf b,fawmhrSrao/ xm0& vef;qwf vSyar$;ysHŒvsuf&SdaeayOD;rnf? “e,fcsJŒuif;I vrif;w&m omaomcg0,f urBm+idrf;csrf;vmvdrfhwum; (=unfatmif- 1963) q&m aumif;&mok*wdjzpfaom uAsmbHkY pHjref;ygavmh?

?

tm[m&pmapmif0dkif;awmfom;rsm;? 26

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

&moDciG f tusdwt f cJ aEGOD;rSm av±l;awGu =urf;=urf;wrf;wrf; ar$‹ &J&ifah tmif (e,l;a'vD) aqmfo&rf;aevdk‹ pdwfawGu [dk,drf;vdk‹ 'D,dkif/ zrf;qkyf udk ifzd k‹ cyfcuf cuf? &moD ul;ajymif; ava=umif;awGu ododom om}uD;eJ‹udk ol‹&moDcGifxJ nd‡KŒ,lqJGoGif;aewm? ud, k fu tvdkufwodeJ‹ cyfaomhaomhav; ar#mvkdufvdkuf wmygyJ? jrifuGi f;awGu topft opf[ efa wGeJ‹? yGi fhOD; yef;tvS awGu yif,HxufrSm zl;iHyk Giw fh kHwvSnfh/ vScsi&f uf ¶k d ; & m"avh q d k w m b,f v l r sKd ; wk d i f ; t wG u f r qd k pufpuf ,kd? tpdk‹tan‡mufeJ‹ &GufopfawGu xl;xl;uJuJ rarht yfw Jh tc&m/ xdyg;rcHEdki fw Jh t&m/ aysmfarG‹vJ avSm if; &m/ b,folb,f0g qdkw m&JŒ tp? xde f;odr f; Ekzwf aevdkufwm/ ,k,p&m aumif;yg&JŒ? aumif;uifxJ vl;vdrfhaysmf0ifavh&SdwJh wdrfa&mif ol r S e f o r# wm0ef a us=uw,f v d k‹ qd k& rS m ygyJ ? wdrfaoG;awGawmh tem;,laeovm;/ a&SmifuGif;rsuu f G,f ðyaeovm;yJ? olwdk‹r&Sdvdk‹ =unfvifwJh tjyma&mif 0wf±Hk }uD;uom cef‹cef‹xnfxnf/ rdk;wdk;rwfwwf eJ‹ avmu 'D&moDxJrmS yJ ESpfopful; wefcl;v/ yef;ydawmuf wcGif tvSqifaeav&JŒ? tmuma0[ifu wdwfqdwfae wkef;/ ajrjyifxufrSm Eke,fyg;v$mwJh opfyifyef;refeJ‹ aus; awG a0qmwJh tcgor,/ tm;vHk;udk vGrf;tm; }uD;apwJh iSufoHomawG }uD;pdk;aew,f? tcuft vufawGu w umv/ a0;aeolwikd f;twGuf tjyeftvSef vGrf; qGwfwo zswfzswf/ &GufajcmufawGu ajrrSmc=u/ vl;vdrfh=ueJ‹? yGifh owd&jyefwJh wc%? qifhumqufum vGrf;& jyefwmygh? csyfeJ‹ 0wfr_eaf wGu t&Sdef,lp/ Edk;xp? wu,fu h dk ºuGºuG&&G G/ tvGrf;[m jyefajymif;atmufarh&if; om,m =unfEl;r_ vSvyS y? av&JŒ aqmif=uOf;&mqD a0hum0dkufum vdu k fyg ay;wwfovdk/ rSef;qwrf;w&if; tifjynfht m; jynfh jzpf wwfw,f? pdwful;eJ‹ aemufa=umif; jyefcGifhay;vdk‹ Eke,f =ueJ‹? 'Dt csdefqdk tvGrf;awGu ydkvdk‹ydkvdk‹ &ifwGif;rSm &$ifvef;r_ &Sdwwfw,f? wjcm; raumif;wwfapwm awG abmifbifcwfvmw,f? tdyv f sufu vrf;av#muf&ovdk/ awmh arhxm;vkdufOD;pdk‹? =unfhprf;ygtHk;/ 'DumvrSm jrif rl;arhvJòydcsifovdk/ ysif;tm;}uD;ovdkvdk? tvnfwacguf a,mifae&wmawG/ jrifa,mifrdwmawG? ur,fholawG tuwkduf=u/ qdkr,fhwD;r,fhoal wG aygufcsvmwJh &ifv_dif;cwf'%f wdk;&jyefaygh? ESpfaygif; 20 rsKd;qufwqufavmuf tpOfvkduyf gcJhwJh ta[mif;tajrŒ pk±Hk;=u/ pifjrifhawG aqmuf/ yef;awG aumufeJ‹ tvSawG wck/ rdwfa[mif;aqGa[mif;wck txl;ojzifh tvGrf;wck? qif/ a&twGuf jyifaygh? tJ'D 0goem&SifawG/ 0goemwl t}udrf}udrf tausmhausmh vnfywf/ oHo&mcsm;&[wfxJ awGu txdkiform;? txorm;awGu *spf um;abmeufzH k; }uHŒcdk if rSmawmh 'DtvGrf;awGu ta[mif;wumh ta[mif;qHk;/ taumif;wumh taumif;qHk;? z,fcGmxkwfESpfvdk‹ r&? atmif cif;/ qDtvHktavmuf jznfhwif;/ t&ufqkd *gvHykH; tawG;tjrifopf/ pdwfopfvlopf &Sdwwfayr,fh eJ‹ &atmif tvsifpvdk pkaqmif;/ tvSjyum;awG jzpf vGrf;pdwfuawmh opfrvmbJ/ ajymif;rvmbJ &SdaeqJyJ? atmif xkaxmif;/ opfom;±dkufoH wlESufoHawGeJ‹ [ef tarSmifnrSm tjzLxnf yef;yGifhawGu vif;vuf=u,fpif csufudk nDaevdkufwm? b,folrqdk vmpm;ygqdkwJh apwemoufouf r&Sdcdkuf tm;jznfhay;ovdkrsKd;? 'Dt vGrf;awGuyJ udk,fh&JŒ tpðy&mt&yfqD wrf;wrf;ww jzpfapjyefwmuk;d ? a[mif; pwk'dom tvSL&SifawGu tau|;tarG; r¾yfawGeJ‹? rkef‹ EGrf; tdyfruf&Snfudk 'D&moDcGifxJrSmvnf; qGwfysHŒ=unf vH;k a&ay:/ rkef‹vufaqmif/ a&$&ifat; au|;rS au|;yJ? rkef‹vHk; a&ay:qd k w m aumuf n ‡i f ; qef r_ e f ‹ud k e,f +yD ; txJ rS m El;zG,f&m Edk;=um;xºuGjyefapwm 'DtvGrf;ygyJ? 27

trSwfpOf-98 xef;vsuf 'grSr[kwf }uHoum xnfh/ +yD;&if yGufy Gufql a&aEG ; xJ r S m ðywf x m;wJ h vuf r omom tvH k ; av;? aumif;ayhqdk&if txJu tcsKdcJ[m t&nfaysmfaewm? r,dkrpdrfhatmif zJhrpm;eJ‹/ wvHk;vHk; yg;pyfxJ ypf xnfhpm;? wcsKdŒtvHk;awGxJrmS i±kyfoD; &Sdwwfw,f? pm;rd vd‹k vnf; raxmif;ombl;? &SL;&SL;&SJ&JS taysmft&$ifav;awG? 'gu txuftnmbufu "avhwck? wae&meJ‹ wae&m xyfwlxyfr# rwlygbl;? ae‹vnf ; ae‹rd k ‹ / nvnf ; nrd k ‹ ? rjywf r vyf u=uckef=u aysmfjrL;=uwm? bk&m;&dyf w&m;&dyf oGm;olu oGm;=u/ oDv,l=u/ vSLzG,f&mawG uyfvSL=u? vl}uD;rdb awGudk acgif;av#mfzGyf&if;/ ESdyfe,f&if;eJ‹ ukodkvf,lolu ,l=u/ tjypf0efcs awmif;yef=uvdk‹ cGifhv$wfausat;=u? ydkufqHawmif;olu awmif;? ay;vdk‹vnf; aumif;/ ,lvdk‹ vnf; aumif;? b,folrqdk twmo}uFefyJGawmfrSm wae &m&muae yg&wmyJ? òyd i f yJ G 0 if tvS jyum;awG a emuf / *D w 0d ki f ; awG aemuf ajcusifwrsKd;/ pufbD;wzHk? tcsdef ukecf sifuke/f &if ckef&if +yD;a&m? rarmryef; av#mufvSrf ;aya&mh? aAxd oH=um;&if &$ifvef;vmwm? ,drf;tuawG=unfh&if ukd,f [efEJG‹aESmif; aysmhajymif;vmwm? zefwD;r_ tEkvuf &m awG=unfh&if; pdwful;pdwfoef;awG/ cHpm;csufawG/ taoG; tom;awG yGifhvef;vmwm? aomufwwfol awGvnf; &Sdvdk‹ arsmraebJ/ oGm;vmowd qifjcifrdzdk‹awmh vdkrSm? uóud;uuGuf awG/ twD ;tr_wfa wGu òrdi fòrd if qdik fqdkif/ aw;oDcsi;f awGu tòydit f qkdi?f ae‹cif;buf a&u pm;vdk ‹ nbuf apmapmpD;pD; td yf ,m0if r,f rjyif eJ ‹? n0kdif ;awGu a&mif pHkaw;oGm;awG/ tEkt vS tuawG =um; epfarsm&jyefw,f? nbuf tdyfa&;ysufvdk‹ ae‹cif; buf tem;,lr,f r}uHeJ‹? wkHcsrf;csrf; toH/ [Gef;oH/ atmf [pfajy;v$m;oHa wG= um; arsmyg&jyefw ,f? c%wðzwf vktdyf/ r&ru aysmfyg;? 3 &ufvm;/ 4 &ufvm;? vmprf;[Jh/ yufvdkufprf;r,f? oGm;prf;[Jh/ ajcOD;wnfh&m? ouf}uD;&G,ftdkawG/ bk&m;ausmif;uef oGm;ol awG/ udk,f0efaqmifawG/ aexkdifraumif;olawG/ a&ryufzdk‹ awmif ; yef o l a wG u d k tomw=unf ay;v$ w f & w,f ? cGufpkwfeJ‹ yuf/ a&ylazmif;eJ‹ ayguf/ a&ydu k feJ‹ xdk;/ cGufeJ‹ avmif;/ ydawmufcufe‹J jzef;? óudufovdkomvkyf? nDtudk armifESr pdwf"mwfeJ‹ aysm&f $ifcsrf;ajrŒr_ &Sda&;ygyJ? =urf;wrf;

{+yD-19-2009 &rf;um;vdk‹ b,fjzpfrvJ? udk,fcsif;pm&if tvkyfjzpfw,f/ ajyvnfw,f? o}uF ef um;}uD ;um;i,f eJ ‹ òrd ‹vHk ;u|wf vSn fh olawG/ qdkufum;-jrif;vSnf;eJ‹ oGm;olawG/ ajcusif tkyfpk wJGeJ‹ wa,mufxJvnf; vrf;av#mufolawG/ rsufESmrSm a&mifpHkjc,fo/ qkdif;bkwfawG udik f=ueJ‹ aysmfvGefusL; aeyHk rsm; pdwfnpfnL;p&m r&Sd? o}uFefyJGudk EJ$+yDq dkrSjzifh 'Dt& omawGu wav#mufvHk; tr#ifrjywf &aewm? wcsKdŒus pnfum;ygayhqdkwJh ðrd‹awGqD e,fuae vm+yD;awmh aysmfwm/ òrd‹av;awGu wcsKdŒus òrd‹}uD;awGqD wuf a ysmf = uwm? tvk y f ± H k a wG &yf e m;/ ausmif ; awG ydwfxm;/ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief; trsm;pk &yfxm;vdk‹ tcg}uD; &uf}uD;[mjzifh pnfum;ygoavh pnfoavhyJ? ‘cGufpkwfav;eJ‹ yufwmavmufawmh/ &D(&,f) wmaygh &Dwmaygh’/ ‘a&ryufwJh tysKdawG/ rkqdk;zdek J‹ nm;yg ap’/ ‘olrsm;aysmfvdk‹ raysmfEkdif/ cspfolaysmufvk‹d r_id f’/ ‘&ef ukefòrd‹}uD; us,foav/ av#mufywf=unfhawmh usOf;usOf; av;’ vdk‹ atmf[pfaysmfyg;oHawGuawmh rqdwfokO;f Edkiw f Jh o}uFefaqmifyk'fawGt vm;? rE Wav; òrd‹r*Dw0kdif;xGuf o}uFefoDcsif;awGu r±dk;Ekdif/ rtDEdkif o}uFefr¾dKif oDcsif; awGt vm;? a&yufr¾yfoleJ‹ a&yufcHol rsufpu d sv‹dk wOD;udk wOD ; tjyeft vSe f a&yufu pm;wm/ cspf a&;óudu f a&; qdkwm/ rxdwxd =unfp,faewmawGvnf; &Sdygh? o}uFef ta=umif;ðy+yD; &nf;pm;awG jzpf&/ aemufydkif; tdrfaxmif us/ uav;arG;=ueJ‹ / [k wfv dk‹? ol wdk‹ udk o}uFefc spfo l/ o}uFefzl ;pmvd k‹ qd k&rSm yJ? tJ'Dvd k cspfp&m aumif ;wm awGtjyif qJGvm;&rf;vm;/ vufupm;wmawGvnf; jrifr aumif; ±_raumif; awG‹wwfw,f? o}uFefumvqdk &Jpcef;rSm t&ufrl;vGefolawG/ ckduf&efjzpfolawG/ vufa&mufolawG/ o}uFefum;awGeJ‹ jynf h a ewwf w ,f ? ol w d k ‹ ud k trsm;tm;jzif h ES p f q ef ; w&ufrSm jyefv$wfw,f? taysmfvGef+yD; xdcdkuf'%f&meJ‹ aoqH k; txd awmif &Sd w,f ? aq;±H ka wGv nf ; ydw fu m; ydwf./ rem;&bl;? rpnfum;tyfwJh t&yfrSmvnf; tJovdk tm;jzifh pnf;um;&w,f? pdwfrcsrf;omp&m? bke f;}uD; ausmif;awGrSmawmh 'kv†b&[ef;cHolawG &Syd gh? oufqkdif&m bmom0ifawGtwGuf w&m;&p&m/ tm;usp&m? ESpful;o}uFeftcg twma&[m tE W&m,fuif; ab;&Sif;/ aumif;usKd; csrf;om&/ pdwfudk =unfEl;ESpfouf/ 28

trSwfpOf-98 ,Ofaus;zd k‹twGuf vdk t yfy gw,f? &efu kefu a=u;}uD; }uD ;ay;&wJh r¾yfw csKd Œwav aemufrSm tylv_ dif; awG ºuGaewm/ tazmft c|wfawG tom;ay;aewm/ vl=um; ol=um; aumhuefum; tuawGeJ‹ orD;ysKdwcsKdŒ uaewm/ trl;vGef t&rf;vGefaewm/ r=um;0hH remomawGvnf; tvGeftrif; &Sdw,fvdk‹ =um;&ygw,f? ±dk ; &m"avh q dk w m b,fv l rsKd; wk di f ;twGu f r qd k rarh t yf w Jh tc&m/ xd yg;rcHE d k i fw J h t&m/ aysmf a rG‹ vJ avS m if; &m/ b,f o l b,f 0 g qd k w m&J Œ tp? xd e f; od r f ; olrSefor# wm0efaus=uw,fvdk‹ qdk&rSmygyJ? o}uFeftcsdefrSm tusO;f usaeolawGtzd‹k o}uFef &J Œ tES pfo m&udk jynfh jynfh0 0 cHp m;cGi fha wmh &Edk ifr ,f r[kwfygb;l ? ae&yfudk tvGrf;o,f&wJh tcsdefrsKd;yg? tusOf; om;awGqdk axmifjyifyu toHAvHawGudk ae‹pOf&ufquf 3 &ufavmufu dk us,fu s,favmifa vmif eJ‹ =um;ae& wm? olw‹dk awGxrJ Sm olrsm; tusKd;aqmifvk‹d ud, k fhtusKd; tarSmifusaeolawG &Sdygw,f? ajzomEkdifor#eJ‹ ajzae&wJh umvyg? tvGrf;awGeJ‹ ESpfodrfhae&wmyg? arG; &yfa jro}uFe fe J‹ tvS rf ;a0;aeola wG tzd k‹ vnf; o}uFef t&omukd 'ifjynfhusyfjynfh cHpm;EkdifrSmawmh r[k w f y gbl ; ? trd a jrud k tpm;xd k ; tvG r f ; ajzae&wJ h tcgrsKd; yg? tusOf ; om;awG v d ky J ud k , fh w k di f ; Ek d i fi H & if ; u o}uFef&JŒ t&dyt f aiG‹awGudk rSef;qawG;a&mf&if; ae&wmyg? tvGrf;awGeJ‹yJ ESpfodrfhae&wmygyJ? 'ghtjyif ukr&wJh a0'emonfawG/ ukef;aumuf p&m r&SdolawG/ em*pfoifhoal wG/ ausmif;aysmufaeolawG/ rdbrJh uav;awG/ tarhtdrfudk jyefcsifwkdif; jyefr&olawG/ ae&yf rJ h a eol a wG / vl r sKd ; bmom cJ G jcm;cH & ol a wG/ 'Dv l awGua&m a[m'D r[m o}uFefrmS aysmfEkdirf Smrd‹k vm;? &if bwfrJh [mvmvif; vif; jyifuae twmo}uFef}uD;udk olwpdrf;vdk pdrf; pdrf;um; um; =unfhaervm;vdk‹ tawG; a&muf &jyefw,f? 'D&m oDcGifrSm &ifbwfxJu tusdwf tcJawGu twHk;vdkuf twpfvku d f ay:vmwwfjyefw,f? wu,fhudk &moDcGif tusdwft cJygyJ?

&J&ifhatmif (e,l;a'vD) 29

{+yD-19-2009

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

pma&;om;rIyHko@mefajymif;vJvmrI owif;ESiv fh lYtzGJUtpnf; á1 ¶

vlYtzGJUtpnf;&,fvdkY pNyD;jzpfay:vmNyD; pmay&,f vdkY pNyD;ay:aygufvmuwnf;u vlom;awG[m olwdkY&Jh tvdk qE´awG? tawGUtBuHKtjzpftysufcHpm;rIawGudk pmayyHk o@meftrsKd;rsKd;eJY azmfjycJhMuygw,f/ 'Dtcsuf[m jrifom xif&Sm;NyD;jzpfwJhtwGuf tus,frwifjyawmhyg bl;/ vlom; awG[m tu©&mpmvHk;awGudktoHk;jyKNyD; olwdkY&Jh tvdkqE´ tawGUtBuHKtjzpftysufawGudk pNyD; a&;om;vmMuuwnf; a&;om;wJhyHko@mefay:rSm rlwnfNyD; pmayyHko@meftrsKd;rsKd; xGuaf y:vmcJhwmyJ jzpfygw,f/ tqufqufu pmaya&; om;cJhMuolawG &Jh pmayawGudk aESmif;acwfynm&Sdrsm;? ynm&Sifrsm;u 'guawmh bmpmayjzpf w,fqdkNyD;cGJjcm; rSw fom;cJ hMu? trnfemrwyfcJh Mu? pnf;rsOf ;pnf;urf; owfrSwfcJhMu wmaMumifh aemufydkif;pmaya&;om;cJholawGu udk,Ef Spf ouf&mpmayyHko@mefukd a&G;cs,ftoHk;jyKNyD; olwdkY az:jyvdk&m? rSwfwrf;wifvdk&m taMumif;t&mawGukd az:jy a&;om;cJhMuwm 'DaeYacwftxd a&muf&SdvmcJhMu ygNyD/ 'Dae&mrSm vG,fvG,fcGJjcm;r,fqk&d if vlwpf a,muf&Jh tawGU tBuHK 'grSwfr[kwf olaexdkifjzwfoef; ae&wJh vlYtzGJU tpnf;&Jh tawGUtBuHK tjzpftysufawGudk omrefrSww f rf; a&;om;wmrsKd; 'grSwf[w k f &SmazGawGU&Sd rIwpfck? wDxGifzef wD ; rI w pf c k u d k trsm;od & S d a tmif a&;om;rS w f w rf ; wifaz:jywmrsKd;? todynmwpfckudk owif;tcsuftvuf wpfckudk az:jya&;om;wJhpmrsKd;eJY tjzpfysuftaMumif;t&m tawGUtBuHKwpfck? cHpm;rIwpf ckudk tjcm;olawGvnf; olYvkd cHpm;vm&atmif a&;om; az:jywmrsKd ;? pdwful;OmPfulY jrL;NyD; wpfu,fr[kwf bJ taMumif ;t&mtjzpf tysuf wpfckudk vkyfBuHzefwD;a&; om;NyD; wjcm;olawG&JhcHpm;rIudk Edk;
tufaq;? 0wåKBuD;rsKd;awGvdk pmayta&;tom;rsKd;&,fvdkY uGJGxGufvmygw,f/ tJ'Dpmayta&;tom;yHko@mefESpfrsKd;pvHk;[m vlYtzGJY tpnf;udk tusKd;jyKcJhMu tusKd;jyKaeMuqJjzpf ygw,f/ 'Dt csufudkvnf; tjiif;yGm;p&mr&Sdygbl;/vlawG[m aeYpOf owif;awG tjzpftysufawGudk odcsif w,f/ a0zefoHk; oyf csufa wG u dk zwfc sifw ,f/ topf ay:xGu f vmwJ h enf;ynmawG? wDxGifrIawG? aq;0g;awG? ukxHk;awG t aMumif;udk odcsifw,f/ b0tqifh wdk;wufjrifhrm;atmif jrifcsifr,f/ tJ'Dtcg vlawG[m oufqdkif&maqmif;yg;? pmwrf;? okawoepmwrf;? wufusrf;pwmawGudk &SmazG zwf ½I j cif ;tm;jzif h ol w dk Y vdk c sif wJ h tcsuft vuf awG taMumif;t&mawG ypönf; awGeJY enf;aA'awGudk od&SdEdkif Muygw,f/ 'DtwGuf vlYtzGJUtpnf;&Jh zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrIrSm BuD;rm;wJhtusKd;aus; Zl;awG &&SdcJhMuygw,f/ 'gayr,fh vlom;awG&Jh pdwf cHpm;rIqdkif&m auseyfaysmf&TifrI? tm;wuf &Tifvef;rI? tm;rmefowåd? a'go? trSefw&m;udk cspfjrwfEdk;rI? w&m;rQwrI? omwlnDrQjzpfrI? tEkynmcHpm;rI? vlU*kPf odu©mpwJh usifh0wfodu©mwefzdk; pwmawG zGHUNzdK;wdk; wuf aumif;rGef atmif pGrf;aqmifEd kif pGrf ;t&mrSm awmh vHk ;0 rvkyfEdkifbl;vdkY ajymvdkYr&ayr,fh avsmhyg;tm;enf; w,fvkdY ajym&rSmygyJ/ wenf;tm;jzifh vlom;awGvdk tyf aewJh pdw fy dk if ;qdk i f& m awmifh warQmfr Se f;rI a wG ud k ok wpmay vdkYac:wJh pmtkyfpmayawGu jznfhqnf;ray; EkdifcJhMuygbl;/ 'gaMumifhyJ urÇmay:rSm &opmay&,fvdkY ay:xGef; jzpf w nfv mcJ hw m jzpf ygw,f / ok wpmay? &opmay awG e J Y ywf o uf N yD ; pepf w usok a woevk y f x m;wJ h pmwrf;awGvnf; trsm;BuD;&SdcJhygNyD/ jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif; u pmayeJY okawoe&SifawGvnf; pmwrf;a&;om; wifoGif; zwfMum;xkwfa0cJhMuwmvnf; umvtawmf MumcJhygNyD/ tawmfBuD;jynfhpHkaumif;rGefwJh pmwrf;awG &SdESifhcJhNyD;jzpfvdkY jrefrmjynfwGif; pmzwfy&dowfawGtae eJY &opmay&JU tcef;u@udk od&Sdem;vnf;xm;ESifhaeNyD vdkY qdk&ygvdrfhr,f/

30

trSwfpOf-98 á2 ¶

urÇmhpmaye,fxu J dk &opmayqdkNyD; pwifxGef;y vmwJh tcsdefrSm ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm a&SUwef;uOD;aqmif jrifhwuf zGHUNzdK;cJhwmuawmh uAsmvdkYqdk&ygr,f/ eef;r cef;aqmif awGupvdkY v,fuGif;tqHk;rSm uAsmvuFm awGu vTrf;rdk; vif;vufcJhygw,f/ uAsmvuFm&Jh yHko@mefawG[mvnf; trsKd;rsKd;ay:xGufvmcJhygw,f/ 'gayr,fh 1830‐ckESpf awGtawmtwGif;rSmawmh uAsmudk ,SOfNydKiftefwkvmwJh ta&;tom;yHkpHwpfck ay:xGef;vmcJhygw,f/ tJ'guawmh EdkA,f(Novel) vdkY ac:wJh 0wåK&Snyf gyJ/ 0w¬K&Snf[m 1840‐ uae 50‐ck E S p f t wG i f ; a&muf w J h t csd e f uAsmeJ Y& if abmifwef;ae avmufatmif zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufvmcJhw,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ jyifopfrSm Balzaz (1799‐1850) ? t*FvefrSm Sir  Walter Scott  (1771‐1832) ? tar&d uef r S m James Fenimore  Copper (1789‐1851) aemufydkif; jyifopfrSm Emile Zola (1840‐ 1902) pwh J o l a wG [ m 1875‐ck E S p f u ae 1965 ck E S p f umvavmuftxd 0w¬K&Snfq&mrsm;tjzpf MoZm BuD;rm; vTrf;rdk;EdkifcJhMuovdk 0w¬Kaumif;BuD;awGvnf; tpk vdkuf tNyHKvdkuf ay:xGufvmcJhMuygw,f/ tJ'D tcsdefu urÇm ausmf0w¬K&S nf q&m? q&mrBuD;rsm;&Jh Zmwftdrfa emuf cHordkif;? vlxkpD;yGg;a&;pepfeJY Zmwfaumifp½dkufawG[m pmzwfy&dowfawG&Jh twGif;pdwf tZsw¬txJxd vTrf;rdk;pGJ xifomG ;apcJhygw,f/ aeYpOf vlrIb0aexdkifrI? awG;ac:pOf; pm;yHk? wefzdk;jzwfyHk? udk,fusifhou d ©mpwJh vlUb0&Jhta&;ygwJh tcsif;t&mawG txd MoZmoufa&muf½dkucf wfcJhMuygw,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm &opmayr[kwfwJh pmayawGrSmvnf; olYzGHU NzdK;wdk;wufrIeJYol &SdcJhygw,f/ owif;aqmif;yg; awGqkd&if vnf; xHk;pHtwdkif; ]]bajcmufvHk;}} (5W&H) yHkpHeJY tcsuf tvuftjzpftysufudkyJ t"duxm;NyD; aemufcHtcif;tusif; ½Icif;½IuGufawGudk vpfvsL½I a&;om;avh&SdMuygw,f/ vlawG[m tcsuftvuf tjzpftysufawGudk tcsuftvuf tjzpftysufawGtjzpfyJ zwf½Io d&Sdvufc HcJhMuygw,f/ a&;om;wifjyyHk owif;ydkYyHkawGuawmh oufqdkif&m owif; pmwpfapmif pD&JU udk,fydkifrl0g'rsm;ay:rSmrlwnfNyD; uGJjym; Ed k i f y gw,f / owif ;pmrl 0 g'awG u d k az:jyae&if a wmh &Sn fvsm;vGef;rSm jzpfvdkY raz:jyawmhygbl;/ a,bl,s tm;jzifhawmh EdkifiH a&;pepft& t&if;&SifEdkifiHawGu owif; pmawG&Jh rl0g'eJY qdk&S,fvpfEdkifiHawG&JU rl0g'[m uGJjym; jcm;em;ygw,f/ tusKd;pD;yGg;pD;qif;rIt& uGJjym;jcm;em; Muwmjzpfygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSmawmh owif;udk csOf;uyfyHk a&;om; wifjyyHkudkyJ wifjyygr,f/

31

{+yD-19-2009 vufpumrmu,fqdkwhJyk*K¾d vfu owif;udk enf;enf;eJY csOf;uyfa&;om;Edkifw,fqdkygw,f/ yxrenf;u yuwd tcsuftvufaz:jyenf; (Oyrm‐½k&Sm;acgif;aqmif u½l; &Su fz fu tar&d u ef or®w uae'D xH pum;urf;vS rf ; onfqdkaom tajzmifhowif; a&;om;enf;)? 'kwd,enf;rSm t"dyÜg,fzGifh owif; a&;om;enf; (Oyrm‐u½l;&Suzf fu bm aMumifhpum; urf;vSrf;&ovJqkdwmudk taMumif;aygif;pHkeJY qufpyf az:xkwft"dyÜg,fzGifha&;om;enf;)eJY wwd,enf; rSm xifjrif,lqcsufa&;enf; (Oyrm‐u½l;&Sufzf&Jh urf; vSrf;csuf[m rSefovm; rSm;ovm; tar&duef or®w bm vkyfoifhovJpwJh a0zefqef;ppfcsufawGygwJh xifjrif,l qcsuf owif;a&;enf;) awG jzpfygw,f/ quf v uf a z: jyygrnf ?

pd;k aevif;

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

32

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

prlqm wyfrawmf *grPd 

Saturday ,March 14ç 2009 jrefr mh wyf rawmfx Jr Sm &mxl;ae&mawG azmif;yGa eNyD; wd k; csJ U jyefv nfz GJY pnf; rI wyfrª;BuD;tqifht&m&SdwyfzGJY awmufavSsmufwdk;csJUaeayrJh &mxl;wdk;zdkY tcGifhtvrf;awG vHkvkHavmufavmuf rzefwD; &mxl;wdk;a&;tcGifhtvrf;awGudk wdk;csJUwJh Adkvf ay;EdkifawmhbJ jzpfaeygNyD/ jrefrmEdkifiH[m etz&JU t"dyÜg,f oef;a&T&JUBudK;yrf;csufawGudk 2001 ck wyfrawmfjyefvnf xl;jcm;qef;jym;vSwJh 'Drdkua&pDqDukd wa&GUa&GUoGm;ae&if; zGJYpnf;rIu oufao jyaeygw,f/ tJ'DwHk;u umuG,f t&yfzuftpdk;&taqmuf ttH kBuD ;[mvnf ; yd kvd kYy dkvd kY a&;0efBuD;Xme&JU pDrHued f;eJY aumif;aumif; tußGrf; w0if&Sd ppfZmwfoGif;cH&r,fh tvm;tvm &Sdaeygw,f/ cJhwJh tBuD;wef;jrefrmhwyfrawmf t&m&Sdwa,muf&JU tqdk jrefrmppfwyfu tmPmodrf;NyD; e0wudk rwnf t& wyfrawmfudk tBuD;tus,fjyifqifzGJYpnf; cJhwm[m axmifcif w&uftvdk 1988 ck pufwifbm 17 &ufrSm t&m&Sdw yfz GJ YBuD;&JU &mxl;wk d;a&;tcG ifh tvrf; awGu dk wyfrawmfwckvHk; twGif;rS m AdkvfcsKyftqifhxufBuD; wdk;csJUzdkYeJY wdkif;rª;awG&JUtmPmudk avSsmhcszdkYjzpfyg w,f/ wJht&m&Sd ESpfa,mufyJ&Sdygw,f/ olwdkYuawmh umuG,f 1990 ckESpfrsm;tqHk;ydkif;rSm wyfrawmfwGif; pdwf a&; OD;pD;csKyf Adkvcf sKyfBuD;apmarmifeJY 'kumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf "mwfusqif;rIawG txl;wvnfjzpfaecJhygw,f/ 2000 'kAdkvfcsKyfBuD;oef;a&T wdkYjzpfygw,f/ jynfhESpf wyfrawmfaeY rSm ppfwyfwGif;vpmawGudk 500 tcka emufydk if; toH k;tEIef ;twdkif ;qdk&if awmh &mcdkifEIef;wkd;ay;vdkufwm[m tajctaeudk enf;enf;yg;yg; tJ'D&mxl;awGudk wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf (wyfcsKyf) wdk;wufapcJhygw,f/ 'gayrJh vnf; a&SUwef;xGufatmuf eJY wyfrawmfum uG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf (Munf;) (Munf;csKyf) ajct&m&SdawGtwGif;rSm &mxl;wdk;a&; tcGifhtvrf;enf; vdkY ajymygvdrfhr,f/ 'DuaeY wyfrawmfrSmawmh vuf&Sd yg;wmeJY ywfoufNyD; rauseyfcsufawG tHkYykef;&SdaeqJ jzpfcJh 'kAdkvcf sKyfBuD;eJYtxufqifh wm0efxrf;aqmifaeqJ txuf w,fvdkY ckeut&m&Sduajymygw,f/ wef;wyfrª;BuD; tenf;qHk; 24 a,muf&SdaeygNyD/ tJ o vd k j zpf & wm[m wpd w f w yd k i f ; tm;jzif h txufwef;wyfrª;BuD;&mxl; 1200 &mcdkifEIef; wdkif;rª;awGu &mxl;udk umv&Snfudkifxm;wmawGaMumifh wdk;rsm;vmwm[m 'DumvtwGif;rSmbJ wyfrawmfwckvHk; jzpfygw,f/ olwdkY[m 'D&mxl;ae&mawGudk toHk;jyKNyD; tm tiftm; 250 &mckdif EIef; wdk;vmwmxuf trsm;BuD; ydkvGefae Pmudk BuD;BuD;rm;rm;wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/ olwdkY[m ygw,f/ tckvdk xdyfydkif;tvTmudk wdk;csJUwm[m AdkvfcsKyf tESpfom&tm;jzifh ppfbk&ifawG jzpfaeNyD; wdkif;&if;om;ol rª;BuD;oef;a&TtaeeJY tmPmudk cdkifcdkifjrJjrJcsKyfudkifxm;Edkif ykeftzGJYawGeJY wdkufae&wJh jrefrmhajrjyifwyfzGJYawG&JU vuf zdkYtwGuf tc&musaeygw,f/ eufcJ,rf;eJY vltiftm; tm;vHk;eD;yg;udk xdef;csKyfxm; wyfwiG f;rSm &mxl;wdk;jrifha&;tcGifhtvrf;awG wdk; ygw,f/ Adkvfoef;a&T[m wdkif;rª; wa,mufa,mufudk csJUay;xm;jcif;tm;jzifh Adkvo f ef;a&T[m t&m&SdwyfzGJYBuD;&JU udkifcsif&ifvnf; usefwhJwdkif;rª;awGpkNyD; olYukdjyefykefuefrSm opömapmifhrI qufvuf&&Sda&; aocsmatmif atmifjrifpGm pdk;vdkY rudkif&Jbl; jzpfaecJhygw,f/ vkyfaqmifxm;EdkifcJhygw,f/ wyfrª;&mxl;awG wdk;csJUvkduf tJ 'D tcsde fw Hk;u wd kif ;rª;awG [m etzaumif jcif;tm;jzifh &mxl;wufzdkY tcGifhtvrf;ydkrsm;vmvdkY Adkvf pD0ifawGvnf; jzpfaecJhygw,f/ 'DvkdowfrSwfcsufaMumifh oef;a&T[m udk,fusKd;pD;yGm; qkvmbfav; w0ifh0ifhjyNyD; 0efBuD;awGxuf ydktqifh jrifhaecJhNyD; 0efBuD;XmeawG[m ppf A d kv f a wG t aeeJY ppf t mPmpepf B uD ;ud k quf v uf trdefYñTefMum;csufawGudk taumiftxnfazmfzdkY cufcJh axmufcHaezdkY qGJaqmifEdkifygawmhw,f/ ygw,f/ wkdif;rª;awGu b,ftrdefYukd aqmif&Gufr,f b,f 33

trSwfpOf-98 trdefYudk acgufxm;r,fqdkwmudk qHk;jzwfEdkifcJhMuygw,f/ tJ'Dawmh wdkif;rª;awGukd ppf½Hk;csKyfrSm wqifhjrifh &mxl;awG wdk;ay;jcif;tm;jzifh e,fpm;y,fpm;b0uaeqGJxkwfNyD; jyóemudk ajz&Sif;cJh&ygw,f/ ay:vpDtajymif;tvJrSm wdkif;rª;opfawG[m etzaumifpD0if rvkyf&awmhygbl;/ wdkif;rª;opfawG opöm&SdzdkY aus;Zl;odapzdkYtwGuf Adkvfoef;a&T[m wdkif;rª;a&G;&mrSm wef;pDZ,m;xJu wqifh edrfh ppfAdkvfawGxJu ra&G;bJ 4-5 qifhaemufa&mufaeol awGxJu a&G;wifcJhygw,f/ Adkvfoef;a&TpOf;pm;csufu aemufwqifhedrfht&m&Sd[m rdrd&JU 0gpOft& vkyfouft& &mxl;wdk;cH&wmjzpfNyD; 0gEk vkyfoufEkt&m&Sdwa,muf tcsdefrwdkifcif &mxl;wdk;cH&&ifawmh q&morm; (oef;a&T) *kPfaus;Zl;udk wefzkd;xm; opöm&Sdvrd fhr,fqkw d hJ pOf;pm;csuf jzpfyHk&ygw,f/ 'DpDrHcsuft& wdkif;rª;awGudk ae&may;EdkifzdkY 'kAdkvf csKyf B uD ;&mxl ;awG trsm;BuD ;wd k ;csJ U zd k Yv d k v mygw,f / 'kAdkvfcsKyfBuD;&mxl;awGt wGuf enf;vrf;ESpfckeJY vrf;zGifhcJh &ygw,f/ wcku 2001 jyifqifzGJYpnf;rI rwdkifcifav;rSm 'kAdkvfcsKyfBuD;ESpfa,mufudk tusifh ysufjcpm;rIeJY tem;ay; ypfvku d w f m? aemufwckuawmh ppfwdkif;awGudk jzefYudkif&wJh umuG,fa&;Xme ppfqifa&;txl;tzGJY (upx) udk 4 ckcGJypfvdkufwmjzpfygw,f/ aemufxyfae&mawG zefwD;ay;vdkufwmuawmh Munf;-a&-av uGyfuJnd§EIdif;a&;rª; &mxl;opfeJY umuG,f a&;ypönf;xkwfvkyf a&; t&m&SdcsKyf½Hk;? avaMumif;&efum uG ,fa &;t&m&S dcsKyf ½Hk ;eJ Y avhusifh a&;t&m&Sd csKyf½H k;awG jzpfygw,f/ jrefrmppfwyfrSm t&m&Sd csKyf½Hk;awGudk 'kAdkvf csKyfBuD;u uGyfuJNyD; ñTefMum;a&;rª;½Hk;awGukdawmh AdkvfcsKyf tqifhu uGyfuJ&ygw,f/ wu,fawmh Mu,foHk; yGifh tqifhAdkvcf sKyf ('kAdkvfcsKyfBuD;) udk ae&may;zdkY t&m&SdcsKyf½kH; zefwD;wmudk t&ifuwnf;u vkyfcJhzl;ygw,f/ 1993 Mo*k w f v rS m ,cif a xmuf v S r f ; a&; tBuD;tuJ AdkvfcifñGefYudk 'kAdkvfcsKyfBuD;tqifh wifwmeJY udkufnDatmif ppfr[m AsL[mavhvma&;½Hk; OSS udk wnf axmifcJhygw,f/ wu,fawmh OSS &JU vkyfief;wm0efeJY 0ef xrf;awG[m AdkvfcifñGefY&JU wyfrawmfaxmufvSrf;a&; ñT ef Mum;a&;rª ;½Hk ; DDSI XmecsKyf 0efx rf ;awG vky fa e wmawGbmrSodwfBuD; rxl;jcm;ygbl;/ tjyifvlawGeJY taemufEdkifiHu avhvmolawG[m OSS wnfaxmifwmudk tvGeftußGH tav;ay; txifBuD; aecJhMuw,fvkdY axmufvrS f;a&;t&m&Sda[mif;wa,mufu

{+yD-19-2009 tifwmAsL;wckrSm ajymcJhygw,f/ wu,fh tESpfom&u awmh OSS qdkwm Adkvf cifñGefYudk aemufxyfMu,fwyGifh wkd;ay; vdkufwmeJY udkufnDatmif pm&Gufay:rSm uvzef xkd;vdkufwmbJ jzpfygw,f/ &mxl; tqifh a zmif ;yG rI 2001 Edk0ifbm jyifqifzGJYpnf;rI[m aemufydkif;rSm wyfr awmfxdyfydkif; wyfrª;tkyfBuD;udk wdk;csJUzdkY taMumif;tcsuf wckom jzpfyg w,f/ &mxl;tqifhopfawG wDxGifwm? &mxl;ae&mopfawG azmfxkwfwmeJY tpdk;&0efxrf;avmu xJ ppfbufu xdk;azmuf0if wmawGu &mxl;tqifhazmif;yG rIeJY xdyfydkif;wyfrª ;tkyfBuD;xGm;rIudk tm;ay;rD;xdk;ay; cJhygw,f/ xdyfydkif;wyfrª;tkyf wdk;csJUzdkYvrf;pudk e0w tmPm odrf;NyD; 18 vtMum 1990 rwfvrSm pwifcJhygw,f/ tJ'DwHk;u AdkvfcsKyf awGeJY Adkvfrª;BuD;wcsKd Uudk tpk vkduf tjyHKvdkuf &mxl;wdk;ay;cJhygw,f/ prlqmyHk ppfrdefYay; OD;pD; uGyfuJrI taqmufttHkudk yHkpHyDzdkY twGuf Adkvfoef;a&T t&ifvl Adkvfapmarmif[m AdkvfcsKyfrª;BuD;&mxl; topfxGif NyD; udk,fhudk,fudk &mxl;wdk;cJhygw,f/ 2002 pufwifbmvrSm ppftpdk;&&JU eHywf 2 Adkvfarmifat;udk 'kAdkvfcsKyfrª;BuD;tqifh (Mu,f 4 yGifhcGJ) udk wdk;ay;jcif;tm;jzifh &mxl;opfwDxGifrI xyfvkyfcJhyg w,f/ 'D&mxl;opfaMumifh OD;at;[m NydKifzuf AdkvfcifñGefY pwkw¦ajrmufMu,f xyfwyfcsdefrSm vnf; &mxl;tqifhom vGefrIudk qufxdef;xm;EdkifcJhygw,f/ OD;cifñGefY AdkvfcsKyfBuD;&mxl;wdk;zdkY[mvnf; apm apmydkif;u &mxl;wdk;cJhovdkrsKd; pm&Guaf y:rSm uvzefxkd;zdkY vkdcJhygw,f/ Mu,f 4 yGifhtqifheJYukdufatmif OD;cifñGefY[m Ad k v fc sKyf r ª ;BuD ;&J U ppf z uf t MuH a y;tjzpf owf r Sw f c J h &ygw,f/ aemufydkif;rSm 0efBuD;csKyf cefYtyfcH&awmh &mxl; tqifheJY ydkudkufnDoGm;ygw,f/ odwJhtwdkif; 2004 rSm Adkvcf ifñeG fY jzKwfxkwftkyfcH&NyD; tckxd tus,f csKyf cscHae &ygw,f/ AdkvfcifñGefYudk &mxl;wkd;ay;wmawG[m puúL ay:rSm tMuHtzefvkyfwm jzpfaumif;jzpfEkdifayrJh xdyfydkif; wyfrª; tkyfBuD;udk wdk;csJU EdkifzdkY ppfqifa&;&mxl;ae&mopfawG vnf; zefwD;ay;cJh&ygw,f/ 2001 Edk0ifbm jyefvnfzGJY pnf;rIu vrf;jycJhNyD;aemufrSm aemufxyf upx ESpfck xyfwnfaxmifcJhygw,f/ upx-5 u &efukefwdkif;udk

34

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

vuf&Sdppftpdk; &acgif; aqmifydkif; [mvnf; ppf tmPm&SifpepfB uD; xJrSm rdrdwdkYopöm&SdrIudk tapmqHk; &if; ESD; jr§KyfESHcJhvdkY tqDw0if; 0if; &mxl; ae&mawG tcGifhxl; awG qkcscHxm;&yg w,f/ udkifNyD; upx-6 u &cdkifjynfeJY rauG;wdkif;udk wm0ef,l &ygw,f/ tckaemufqHk;wDxGifvdkufwJh 'kAdkvfcsKyfBuD;&mxl; uawmh wyfr awmfp pf a q;a&;t&m&S d csKyf jzpf y gw,f / upx awG wnf a xmif wm[m ppf q if a &;twG u f wpHkw&mtoHk;0ifrI&SdEdkifayrJh tckaemufqHk;xGifvdkufwJh &mxl;uawmh aemufxyfAsL½kdua&pDtvTm wck xyfydk; vdkufwmxuf bmrSodwfxl;yHkr&ygbl;/ 'k A d k v f c sKyf B uD ; tqif h a tmuf ppf A sL½d k u a&pD ,Eå&m;BuD;[mvnf; BuD;xGm;vmcJhygw,f/ ppfwkdif;topf awG zefwD;wm? ppfqif a&;uGyfuJrIXmecsKyf (puc) a' ouGyfuJrIppfXmecsKyf ('up) awG wdk;rsm;vmwm? wyfr tqifh tajrmufBuD;pcef;XmecsKyf eJY oHcsyfumwyfuGyfurJ I pcef;XmecsKyfawG zGifhvSpfvdkufwmwdkY[m xdyfydkif;wyfrª; t&m&SdwyfzGJY BuD;xGm;vmapzdkY trsm;BuD; tm;ay; cJhygw,f/ azmif;um;aewJh tpdk;&0efx rf; ppfAsL½dkua&pD,Eå&m;BuD;udk ppftpdk;&u csJUxGif wmeJY wNydKifwnf;rSm tpdk;& t&yfzufAsL½dkua&pD ,Eå&m; BuD;udkvnf; awmufavSsmuf wdk;csJUaeygw,f/ 1988 ck e0w tmPm,lNyD; odwfrMumcifwHk;u tpkd;&tzGJYrSm 0ef BuD;csKyf½Hk;eJY 0efBuD; 9 a,muf acgif;aqmifwJh 0efBuD;Xme 18 ck &SdcJhygw,f/ 0efBuD; 9 a,mufrSm 8 a,muf[m umuG,fa&;0efBuD;XmeatmufrSm &mxl;ae&m awG xrf; aqmifaewJh ppfAdkvfawG jzpfygw,f/ tJ'Duwnf;upvdkY Adkvfoef;a&T[m olYpepfudk axmufcHtm;ay;wJholcdk;0efxrf;BuD;awGudk qkcszdkY tcG ifh tvrf ;awG wd k;csJUwJ htaeeJY t&yfzuftkyfcsKyfa&;AsL½kd ua&pD,Eå&m;BuD;udkvnf; wdk;csJUvmcJhygw,f/ 'DuaeY rSmawmh 0efBuD;csKyf½Hk;tjyif 0efBuD;Xme 32 ck? 0efBuD; 32 yg;&Sdaeygw,f/ 'DxJrSm 7 a,mufbJ "t&yfom;" jzpfNyD; trsm;pku AdkvfcsKyfa[mif;wcsKdUtygt0if ppfrIxrf; a[mif;

35

awGjzpfygw,f/ txufwef;ppft&m&SdBuD;awGeJY &if;&if; ESD;ESD; qufoG,frIawG&SdwJh jrefrmowif;&if;jrpfwck tqkdt& 2004 ckESpfu txufwef; t&m&SdBuD;awG&JU tpnf;ta0; wckr Sm vl tif tm;udpö awGtaMumif ; aqG ;aEG ;wJ ht cg Adkvfoef;a&Tu &mxl;wdk;a&;tcGifhtvrf; awG aemufxyf zefwD;ay;EdkifzdkYtwGuf 0efBuD;wa,mufxJu 0efBuD;Xme trsm;tjym;udkifwJh vkyf&yfudk qufrvkyfzdkY ñTefMum; cJhyg w,f/ t&ifESpfZGefvrSm Adkvcf sKyfarmifarmifaqGu vl0if rIBuD;Muyfa&;eJYjynfolYtiftm;0efBuD;Xmeudk vufvTwf vdkufwJhtwGuf cke ajymwJhvkyf&yf ed*Hk;csKyfoGm;cJhygw,f/ OD;atmifMunfuawmh tvkyform;0efBuD;vnf;jzpf? quf qHa&;0efBuD;vnf;jzpfaeayrJh qufqHa&;0efBuD;qdkwm wu,fh½Hk;Xme qkyfqkyfukdifukdifr&SdbJ qdkif;bkwfoufouf bJ jzpfygw,f/ 0efBuD;XmeopfawG zefwD;vdkufwm[m ppfbuf 0efxrf;awG &mxl;wdk;zdkYvrf;aMumif; ydkus,foGm;apcJhayrJh wdkif;jynfrSmawmh ydkazmif;yG ydkt&nftcsif;rJhwJh AsL½dkua& pD,Eå&m;BuD;u zdpD;ESdyfpufr,fhtEå&m,f usaeygw,f/ vmr,fh 2010 a&G;aumufyGJu arSsmfrSef;xm;ovdk 'Drdkua& pDenf;us a&G;aumufcHtpdk;&qD waeYaeYrSm tmPmvTJ ajymif;oGm;wJhtcg tJ'Dtpdk;&[m ppfwyf tkyfpdk;rIatmufrSm jzpfxeG f;vmcJhwJh uarmufur A,kwfoku©tpdk;&taqmuf ttHkBuD;aMumifh tkyfcsKyfa&;pGrf;&nf csKdU,Gif; ysufjym;aezdkY tvm;tvmrsm;ygw,f/ 'ghtjyif t&yfzufAsL½dkua&pD,Eå&m;xJudk ppf bufyk*¾KdvfawG pdrfh0ifxdk;azmufaerI[m yrmPt&a&m? twkdif;twmt&a&m ydkrsm;vmp&m&Sdygw,f/ 2006 wHk;u Adkvfrª;csKyf 4 a,mufudk 0efxrf;a&G;cs,favhusifha&;bkwf tzG J Yr S m cef Yt yfv d ku f wm[m t&yfz uft pdk ;&0ef x rf ; e,fy,fxJ ppfzufu ydkNyD;yg0ifywfoufr,fh tvm;tvm &JU a&SUajy;jzpfygw,f/

trSwfpOf-98 rMumao;cif u tif w meuf o wif;wyk 'f t & oifwef;om;OD;a&rsm;vmwJhtwGuf EdkifiHawmfumuG,af &; wuúodkvf NDC ausmif;qif;awG[m ppfwdkif; odkYr[kwf wyf r &mxl ;awG aocsmayguf & r,f v d k Y wG u f r xm;zd k Y oifwef;q&mwa,mufu oifwef;om;awGudk owday; w,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ tJ'D tqifhjrifhwyf&mxl;awGtpm; umuG,fa&;0efBuD;Xme tjyifzufu 0efBuD;XmeawGrSmbJ ñTefcsKyf&mxl;awG ,l&Edkifygvdrfhr,fwJh/ tufu GJ a ewJ hprl q m

{+yD-19-2009 pkaqmif;a&;&nfrSef;csufyef;wdkifawG jznfhqD;zdkY 2007 ckrSm wyfrawmfppfom;pkaqmif;a&;ñTefMum;a&;rª;½Hk; topf wdk; csJUcJhygw,f/ ppftyk fpk[m udk,fhzmomudk,f t"dyÜm,fzGifhxm;wJh 'Drdkua&pDyef;wdkifqD wdkif;jynfudkarmif;ae&mrSm ppfAdkvf awGtwGuf &mxl; wdk;a&;tcGifhtvrf;awG ydk&vmapzdkY ppf wyftaqmufttHkeJY tpdk;&taqmufttHkudk aemufxyf jyifq ifajymif;vJ tuGuf cs upm;wmawG vky fzdk Yrsm; ygw,f/ &mxl;ae&mawG ydkrsm;rsm;zefwD;zdkY t&ifuusifh oH k ;cJ h w J h enf ; emawG u d k v nf ; xyf v k y f E d k i f y gw,f / vuf&SdupxawGxJu awmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk pdwfydkif;NyD; aemufxyf Mu,f 3 yGifh&mxl;ae&m ('kAdkvfcsKyfBuD;)awG azmf ay;Edkifyg w,f/ rauG;wdkif;? u&ifeDjynf 'grSr[kwf u&ifjynf wdkYrSm ppfwkdif;topfawG xyfay:Edkifygw,f/ tJ'Denf;eJY Mu,f 2 yGifh eJY Mu,f 1 yGifh &mxl;ae&mawG wdk;csJUEdkifyg w,f/ aemufqHk;tm;jzifh upxrª;awGu AdkvfcsKyfBuD;tqifh wufvmNyD; wdkif;rª;awGu 'kAdkvf csKyfBuD;tqifh wufvm wmtxd &mxl;azmif;yGrI jzpfvmEdkifygw,f/ 'Drdkua&pDemrnfcH&if; ppfwyfqufvuf BuD;pdk; rIatmufrSm t&yfzuftkyfcsKyfa&;tpdk;&taqmuf ttHkxJ ppfAdkvfawG aemufxyf pdrfh0ifysHUESHYvmNyD; AsL½dkua& pD,Eå &m;opfy ifB uD ;rS mvnf; tudk if;tcufo pf awG zefw D; jcif;tm;jzifh jrefrmEdkifiHrSm pGrf;aqmif&nf edrfhuswJh tpdk;& tkyfcsKyfa&;taqmufttHku zdpD;ESdyfpufr,fhtEå&m,f us a&mufaeygw,f/ 'Dvdkazmif;um;yGa,mif;aewJh ppf pepf BuD;udk toufqufzdkY b,fu&if;jrpfawG&rSmvJ qdkwm uawmh jrefrmjynf&JU EdkifiHa&;tem*wftwGuf aemufxyf ta&;yg wJh ar;cGef;jzpfygvdrfhr,f/ ta&S U awmif t m&S a &;&m txl ; jyK tvG w f owif ; axmuf aemf r ef ½ dk ; buf p yD ; ,J (trnf & if ; r[kw f) \ rwfv 12 &uf at;&Sm;wkdif;rf tifw meuf *sme,fyg aqmif;yg;udk *grPd bmomjyefo nf/

Adkvfoef;a&T jrefrmhwyfrawmfudk udkifwG,faeyHk[m wcsKdUyHkpH awGt& pHerlemjy yd&rpf prlqmyHk (0g) yGefZD pD;yGm; a&;upm;uGuf Ponzi yHk aygufaeygw,f/ «yGefZD qdkwm vGefcJhwJh 4-5 ESpfu jrefrmjynfrSm acwfpm;NyD; tBuD; tus,fe mrnfy sufo Gm;cJ hw Jh zd k;wG rfw D; ]tusKd ;aqmif ukrÜPD} awG vkyfpm;yHkudk ajymwmjzpfygw,f/» yGe f ZD (yd& rpf ) upm;uG u fr Sm tapmyd ki f;&if ; ESD;jr§KyfESHolawGudk aemufus0ifvmwJh &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHolawG&JU xnfh0if &S,f,mawGeJY tjrwfa0pkay;wm vkyfygw,f/ 'Dyd&rpf BuD;xGm;us,fjyefYaeoa&GU a&SUvlawGudk aemufvl awG qDu&wmeJY tusKd;tjrwf ay;aeawmh tm;vHk;tusKd; &Sdaeygw,f/ yd&rpfBuD;xGm;rI &yfqdkif;oGm;wJhtcgrSmawmh tapmydkif; aiG&if;xnfhxm;ol awGtaeeJY {&mrtjrwf BuD;awG &xm;NyD;jzpfovdk aemuf0ifolawGuawmh enf; enf;avmufbJ jrwfvdkufwm odkYr[kwf vHk;0r&vdkufwm jzpfukefygw,f/ vuf&Sdp pftpdk;&acgif;aqmifydkif;[mvnf; ppf tmPm&SifpepfBuD;xJrSm rdrdwdkYopöm&SdrIudk tapmqHk; &if;ESD; jr§KyfESHcJhvdkY tqDw0if;0if; &mxl;ae&mawG tcG ifhxl;awG qkcscHxm;&ygw,f/ rMumao;cifu NDC ausmif;qif; awG awGYvdkuf&ovdk yd&rpfxdyfvTm awGrSm usyfnyf`yGwf odyfvmwJhtcg tjrwfa0pkawGu ao;vdkufvmyg awmh w,f/ ppftmPm&SifpepfBuD;&JU yGefZDpD;yGm;a&;uGuf obm 0aMumifh wyfrawmfudk wkd;csJUzdkYzdtm; tjrJjzpfaeygw,f/ wcsKdUwyfzGJYawGrSm ppfom;wa,muf[m vlopf 2 a,muf pkaqmif;ray;Edkif&if wyfxGufcGifhr&ygbl;/ 'Dvdkzdtm; aMumifh vrf;oGm;vrf;vmawG uav;ppfom;awGudk t"r® ppfom;qGJwJh atmufwef;ustavhtxawG rsm;jym;vm (ae hopf0ufbfqdk'frS ul;,lygonf/) apygw,f/ 'DjyóemawGukd udkifw, G zf dkY 'grSr[kwf ppfom;

36

*grPd

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

jref rmuAsm wyf rª ; MuD ; (od k Yr[k wf ) uAsmq&mol &J aumif ; \ a
37

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

usm; UUU usm; trsKd;om;a&; vGw fa jrmufa &;twGu f aoG;eJY orkdif; a&;wJht csdef jynfo lt rsm; "m;aoG; vSHcG sef wm0efu dk, fpD aoG;eDyap vSn f;aeavSa tmif; jrif;aZmif;rusef awmf v Sefa &;tjrif aoe*FAsL[m tcif;tusif; udkv dkeDrif; twif;csr,f zufq pfrif; twif;csr,f tmPm&Sifrif; twif;csr,f zl;yGifhp tdyfrufo pf/ wacwfx uf wacwf orkdif;opfw dk; opfo xuf opf jzpfx Ge f; zHG Yx Gm ; a[h UUU toHM um;w,f em;pGifhx m; usm; UUU usm; usm; UUU usm; (rwfv yHk&dyf? a[rEÅ ajcjrefawmfuAsmpmtkyfrS) q&m\ uAsmrsm;wGif ]]e,fcsJUbDvl; aoG;iwf½l;]] udk OD;wnfwdkufckdufaom e,fcsJUqefYusifa&;eJY trsKd;om; vGwfajrmufa&;tjzpfvnf;aumif;? ]]EkdifiHjynfa&; wa[; a[;ESifh waoG;woH]] jzpfwJh trsKd;om; pnf;vHk;nDnGwf a&;udkvnf;aumif;? ]]"m;qJGckcH? awmfvSef0Hhbd? owådrNzHK olykefMuD;]] [laom trsKd ;om;pdwf"mwfudkvnf;aumif;? ]]owfMuygap ol raoay? aovnf;wacwf jynfolcspf \]] [laom jynfolYwkdufyJG ac:oHudkvnf;aumif;? ]]acGs;oHrpJ iwfqif;&Jonf? yef;yJvkyfom; v,form;]] wdkY\ vlwef;pm;wdkufyJG uAsmrsm;udkvnf;aumif;? q&m onf pepfqdk; acwfqdk;umvrSm jynfolukd zdESdyfapmfum;wJh &eforl sm;ukd usLyifckwf usLikwrf usef zdESdyforl sm;eJY olwdkY&JU tajcGt&HjzpfwhJ vufudkifwkwfawGudkyg acwfysufo½kyfukd pkwfpkwfrTmrTm csKd;cGmajcGcJh? &JGY&JGY&rf;&rf;? Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf;? &J&J&ifh&ifh a0zefwkdufyJG0ifcJhygw,f/ q&meJYywfoufNyD; NLD A[dktvkyftrIaqmif tzJGY0if owif;pmq&mMuD; OD;0if;wif (,cif [Hom0wD owif;pm t,f'DwmcsKyf b0) u ]]trsKd;om;a&; wkdufyJG? vlwef;pm;a&; wdkufyJG[l onf wOD;aumif;? wa,mufaumif;jzifh qefYusifwdkuf zsufae½Hkjzifh atmifjriftHhaumif;aom wkdufyJG r[kwfacs/ jynfolw&yfvHk;? urÇmhjynfolw&yfvHk;u tkef;tkef;aomif; aomif; axmifvarmif;xatmif t"du &efoludk tHkMuGqefY usifrSom rkcsqufquf acsrIef;Edkifrnfjzpfonf/ Munf atmif\ uAsmrsm;onf jynfolw&yfvkH; aygufuJGtkHMuGum wkduyf JGwGif yg0ifqifEJTvmatmif vIHYaqmfvkdufaom wdkuyf JG ac:oHuAsmrsm; jzpfonf]] [k q&mMunfatmif\ 'k|0wDrS {&m0wDokdY uAsmpmtkyfwGif trSmpma&;xm;onfudk awGY& onf/ q&mMunfatmif uG,fvGefjcif;twGuf jrefrm uAsmq&m vli,frsKd;qufrsm;twGuf awmfvSefa&;rsKd;quf tiftm;wck qHk;½IH;½kwfavsmhoGm;cJhovdk? NLD pmaypifjrifh ay:u uAsmaewpif; odkYr[kwf uAsmwyfOD; ol&Jaumif; wa,muf qHk;½IH;vufvTwf uif;uGmoGm;cJh&wJhtwGuf usaemfwdkYtm;vHk; ESajrwoaMuuJGrqHk; jzpf&ygw,f/ usaemfwdkY&ifxJrSm xm0& arhaysmufEdkifrnf r[kwfyg aMumif; UUU q&mMunfatmifcifAsm; UUU wrvGef aumif;&m ok*wdbHkrS om"k UUU om"k UUU om"k ac:Ekdifygap/ (2009 ckESpf rwfv 27 &ufaeYwGif uG,fvGefcJhaom uAsmq&mMunfatmifodkY) Mo& (mizzima rSul;,lygonf) wevFmaeY? rwfv 30 2009

38

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

oHcJwdk@taz oHcJwkdU? oH'kwfwkdU emrnfawGukd zwf&? Mum;& w,f/ tEkt&ihfyJ uGmygw,f/ wuúokdvfrSmawmh wkd; wkdif; olwkdUtaz ukdpkd;0if;armifukd owd&rdw,f/ aMomf- wuf ausmif;om; ]wyfOD;} ausmif;om; awGvkdU todrsm; -- oHcJwdkUtaz uHenf;vkdU ao&SmcJhygaum -- vkdYvnf; Muygw,f/ pdwx f rJ Sm jrnfaMuG;rdygw,f/ xkdif;-Arm e,fpyf u olykef usaemfwkdU wuúokdvfa&mufcsdefu wuúokdvfawG av;awGeJU jzpfMuwJh oHcJwdkU oH'kww f kdYukd oGm; a&mufEIwf rSm wyfOD;eJU 'Dtufpftkd qkdNyD; t"du ausmif;om;tzGJUBuD; quf tm;ay;csifw,fqkdwm pdwfxJuyJ &SdNyD; olwkdUqDukd ESpfzGJU tm;NydKifaeygw,f/ ausmif;om;or*¾ Ouú|a[mif; oGm;r,f oGm;r,feJU BuH&G,faecJhwm 5 ESpfausmf MumcJh yg u wm0ef,l usif;yay;&ygw,f/ a&G;aumufyGJBuD;MuyfwJh NyD/ usaemf tar&duefjynfaxmif pkukd a&mufNyD; olwkdU tzGJUrSmawmh ygarmu©awG csnf;ygyJ/ a&G;aumufyGJwkdif;rSm wawG e,fpyfrSm &SdaeMuw,fvkdU Mum;uwnf; uygyJ/ wyfOD;tzGJUuyJ EkdifNrJjzpfygw,f/ wyfOD; ausmif;om;awGudk oHcJukdawmh olu c&D;,m,Drsm;olrkdU jynfya&muf uGefjrLepf MoZmcHwJh/ 'DtufpftkdtzGJUukd zq-qkd&S,fu av&mrSm awGU&wwfyg&JU/ oH'kwfukdawmh xkdif;Arm e,fpyf zGJUay;wJh tzGJUwJh/ tJovkd tjyeftvSefajymavh&Sdygw,f/ rSmrkdU roGm;jzpf rawGUjzpf &ao;ygbl;/ olwkdU taz&JU psmye ukdpkd;0if;armifu wyfOD;acgif;aqmifyg/ rSwfwrf;wdwfacGukdawmh olvlBuKHeJU ykdUvkdufvkdU Munfh& ref;wuúokdvfuavmif&Siftoif; 1960-61 ckESpf ygw,f/ 2000 jynfhESpf'DZifbm 17? touf64 ESpft&G,f trIaqmiftzGJUrS ukdpkd;0if;armifvJ yg0ifygw,f/ olU&JU rSm uG,v f Gefw,fwhJ/ oleJUusaemfeJUu oufol&G,fwl awG uavmiftrnfu bkwvifa&Tpkd;wJh/ uavmif&Siftoif; yg/ rEåav;wuúokdvfrSm ausmif;aezuf awGyg/ &Jabmf&J rSm olu 'kw, d Ouú|yg/ Ouú|u 0if;
trSwfpOf-98 a,mufukd &Smcsif&if oloGm;aeus tvGwfynmoifausmif; wausmif;ukdyJ jzpfjzpf? r*¾Zif;wkdufwwkdufukdyJ jzpfjzpf vkduf&Sm&ygw,f/ ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif awmfawmf rsm;rsm;uvJ uavmifaoG;aewJh pma&;q&m 'grSr[kwf owif;pm q&mjzpfaewwfwmvJ acwf&JU vu©Pm wck ygyJ/ ukdpkd;0if;armif[m uavmifaoG;aewJh ausmif; om;wa,muf jzpfovkd usL&Sifq&mwOD;vJjzpfwJhtwGuf oluyJ taygif;toif;awGukd vufzuf&nf wkdufavh &S dy gw,f / olu usaemfw kdU uavmif& Sif awGu kd awmh txl;cifrifygw,f/ usaemfwkdU qkdwmu wifrkd;? Munf atmif? armifodef;Ekdif? armifpGrf;&nfwkdU tkyfpkukd qkdvkd ygw,f/ tJ'DESpfawGrSm twla&mufvmMuwJh awmom; tkyfpk jzpfygw,f/ 'ghaMumifh olwkdUu txl;Munfh½Iapmifh a&SmufwJh oabmvJ ygygw,f/ ukdpkd;0if;armifu ausmif;q&mwkduq f kdawmh enf; enf;vlBuD;½kyf aygufygw,f/ wu,fawmh oufwl&G,w f l awGcsnf;ygyJ/ wuúokdvfrSm ol,lwJh bmomwGJu ]ysL;0g; qkdif;&ifh} vkdUac:wJh odyÜHbmomwGJ jzpfykH&ygw,f/ 0dZÆmwGJ awGjzpfMuwJh armifoed f;Ekdif? armifb*srf; (wifrkd;) wkdUeJUvJ twl twef;wufavhr&Sdovkd? blrdaA'? ZD0aA'orm; awGwufavh&SdwJh zufukdvJ vmwm rawGUzl;cJhygbl;/ ausmif;wufenf;vkdUvJ jzpfcsifjzpfygr,f/ ppftpkd;&wufawmh usaemfwkdU trsm;pku tjyifrSm tvGw fa usmif ;q&mawG vk yf aeMuygw,f / tJ' Dt cg ukdpkd;0if;armifeJU twl jrif;NcHav;armifeJU MunfatmifwkdU usef & pf y gw,f / jrif ; NcH u Auo acgif ; aqmif ukdatmifoluvJ wifrkd;eJU 0if;MuG,fwkdUESpfOD; n§yfNyD; pmoif a y;vk d u f v k d U q,f w ef ; atmif N yD ; wuú o k d v f a&muf v mw,f / zk d ;oH a csmif ; (vl x k ) vJ wuú o k d v f a&mufvmw,f/ vlopf vla[mif;awGwJGNyD; ausmif;om; or*¾? ausmif;om; nDnGwfa&;wyfOD;eJU uavmif&Siftoif;wkdUrSm 0ifa&mufwm0ef,Ml uygw,f/ ukdpkd;0if;armif? ukdatmifol? ukdzkd;oHacsmif;wkdUu wuo? MunfarmifeJU av;EG,fwdkUu AuorSm wm0ef , lM uw,f xify gw,f / usaemf w kd Y ausmif;rSm ukdpkd;0if;armifeJU wGJaeMuwkH;u? MunfatmifeJU ukdpkd;0if;armifwkdU odyf&if;ESD;cJhykH r&ygbl;/ aemufusawmh usaemfwkdUeJU &if;ESD;wmxuf olwkdUcsif;&if;ESD;rIu ykdw,f xifygw,f/ ]wkdufyGJ} u wGJay;vkdufykH &ygw,f/ jynfwiG f;Nidrf;csrf;a&;aqG;aEG;yGJ (1963) ysufomG ;

{+yD-19-2009 awmh tm;vkH;vJ paumxJ ZD;jzL vSdrfhovkd z½kdz&JvGifh ukefMuygw,f/ ukdomEkd;? ukdodef;Ekdif? ukdwifrkd;? ukd0if;az? armifrkd;ol? rkd;MunfpwJh? rEåav;pmaytEkynmtokdif; t0kdif;u vlawmfawmf rsm;uvJ &efukefqif;oGm;Muw,f/ usef& pfolawGx Ju ußGef;a&muf? axmifa&muf ? awm a&muf? awmifa&muf- a&mufolawGvJ trsm;BuD;ygyJ/ vlpk uGJoGm;Muygw,f/ usaemfvJ rEåav;rSm tvGwfausmif; q&m vkyfae&mu aumsif;ukd jynfolykdif odrf;vkdufawmh tpkd;&ausmif;q&m jzpfoGm;cJhygw,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u rEåav;rSm pmaytEkynmonfawG twGuf tav;xm;&m? pka0;&m tjzpf vlxo k wif;pmwkduf yJ &Sdygw,f/ vlxkowif;pmwkdufukdvJ ppftpkd;&u 1967 ckESpf ydwfypfvdu k yf gw,f/ usaemfwkdUrSm vGwv f w G fvyfvyf vkyfvkdU&wJh tvGwfausmif;q&mvJ vkyfvkdU r&awmh/ tvG wfowif ;pmq&mvJ vkyfvkd Yr&awmh/ usaemfw kdU vk yfw wfw Jh tvkyf ESp fck vkH ; tpk d;&tvk yfa wG jzpfuk ef Muygw,f/ rEåav;rSmu pme,fZif;wkduf vkH;0r&SdawmhwJh twGuf usaemfvJ taygif;toif;awG&Sd&m &efukefukd pkefqif;vmcJhygawmhw,f/ tvGwfausmif;awGukd 1965 - 66 avmufrSm ppftpkd;&u jynfolykdifodrf;vkdufygw,f/ qufNyD;tvkyf vkyfcsifwJh q&mawG tm;vkH; tpkd;&ausmif;q&mawG jzpf uk e f y gw,f / usaemf v J ausmif ; ok H ; pmtk y f t zG J U rS m tvkyfvkyfzkdUukd &efukefukd taMumif;&SmNyD; qif;cJhjcif;yg/ &efuek fqif;MuwJh txJrSm usaemfu aemufqkH;jzpfr,f xif ygw,f/ ukdpkd;0if;armifvJ b,fa&mufaerSef; rodawmh ygbl;/ usaemf&efukefa&mufawmh orkdif;oif½kd;tzGJUeJU jrefrmpmorkdif; tzGJUwkdUrSm vkyfygw,f/ oif½kd;tzGJU0if awG[m pmar;yGJ ppfcGifh&Sdygw,f/ ESpfpOf 10 wef;pmar;yGJ ppfcsdefrSm i,foli,fcsif;awGeJU jyefqHkavh&Sdygw,f/ ckawmh pmar;yGJ ppfwmukdvJ vlpkcGJypfvkduw f ,fvdkU Mum;&ygw,f/ usaemf tvkyfvkyfwJh jrefrmpmoif½kd;tzG JUukd ynma&;½kH; &,fvkdY oD;jcm;r&SdcifrSm wuúodkvf jrefrmpmXme? awmifil aqmifrSm xm;ygw,f/ jref r mpmygarmu© a wG u _ OD ;bk d o if ; wk d U ? a':pDpD0if;wkdUyg/ usaemfu oif½kd;tzGJU0if? aemufawmh oif½kd;twGif;a&;rSL;wm0efxrf;aqmif&if; jrefrmpmXmerSmyJ ½kH ;wuf& ygw,f/ tJ 'DrSm txuf wef;ausmif;wke f;u oli ,f csif ;awG a&m? rEå av;wuú ok dv fu oli ,f csif ; awGa&m jyefqkHMuNyD; vufzuf&nfqkdifrSm xkdifMuwmrsm; 40

trSwfpOf-98 ygw,f/ jyefvnf qkHawGUMuolawGxJrSm ukdpkd;0if;armifvJ ygvmvkdU ukdomEkd;? ukdwifrkd;? armifrkd;ol - pwJh oli,fcsif; a[mif;awGeJU 0kdif;zGJUavh&Sd Muygw,f/ trsm;tm;jzifh aeYv nf xrif;pm;csd ef rS m qk HM uygw,f / a&S;a[mif; aESmif;jzpfawG ajymMu&if; tvGrf;o,fMuygw,f/ aemufrsm;rMumcif ola&m usaemfa&m tNidrf;pm; ,lMuvkdUvm; rod? rqkHMu&bl;/ 'gayrJh tarvlxk a':t rm&JU arG;aeUoGm;Mu&if avxD;OD;tkef;armif? ociftkef;jrifh? pwJh a&S;a[mif; EkdifiHa&;orm;BuD;awGu ausmufqnf a':jr&Dtdrfudk 0ifavh&Sdw,f/ usaemfwkdUvJ vkdufMuw,f/ a':jr&DajcusKd;aevkdU tara':trm&JU arG;aeUukd rvmEkdifwJh tcsdefykdif;twGif;uyg/ a':jr&Dqkdwm ausmuf qnfocifwifa&T&JU ZeD;yg/ OD;odef;azjrifh acgif;aqmifNyD; tdE´d,jynfrSm zufqpfawmfvSefa&;twGuf jyifqifMuawmh avxD;oifwef;ukd vl 70 - 80 ac:&mrSm trsKd;orD;taeeJU a':jr&Dwa,mufvJ ygcJhygw,f/ tdE´d,rSm twlaecJh&wJh avxD;OD ;tke f;armife JU Ekd if iH a&; &J abmf a[mif;rsm;u a':jr&Dukd 0ifa&mufEIwfqufMuwJh tcg usaemfu ukdpkd; 0if;armifukdyJ pkHprf;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh rawGUcJh &yg/ armifrkd;oleJU usaemf rEåav;ukd 2000 jynfhESpf a&SUykdif;rSm pmayudpöwckeJU a&mufoGm;awmh uAsmq&m MunfatmifeJU ukdav;wkdU tif;0nDaemifESpfOD; vmawGU ygw,f/ 'DaeU igwkdUausmufqnfukd vlrrmar;oGm;r,f/ rif;wkdUvJ vkdufcJh/ igwkdU&JabmfBuD;pkd;0if;armif uifqm jzpfaevkdYwhJ/ tJ'goGm;ar;Mu&atmif - vkdU Munfatmifu usaemfwdkUukd zdwaf c:ygw,f/ usaemfwdkUu olrsm;zdwfMum; xm;wJhudpöeJUrdkY Munfatmifac:&mukd rvkdufEkdifcJhyg/ ukdpkd;0if;armifvJ csufcsif; ckvkdzdwfpOfoGm;r,fvkdU rxifcJhyg/ 2000 jynfhESpfukefrSmyJ ukdpkd;0if;armifwa,muf qkH;&SmNyDvkdU owif;Mum;vkduf&ygw,f/ usaemfwkdUrSmvJ tdrfae&m z,f&Sm;ay;&r,fqkdwJh trdefUaMumifh tpkd;&eJU xdyf wkdufjzpfaewJhtwGuf oli,fcsif;&JU ema&; udpöoGm;zkdU ysuf uGufcJhygw,f/ 'ghaMumifh pdwfraumif;jzpfcJh &ygw,f/ jynfyukda&mufvmawmh ukdpkd;0if;armif &JUom; wa,muf jzpfwJh ukdoHcJeJU qufoG,frdygw,f/ tokb rSwfwrf;"gwfjym;&Sdvm;qkdvkdU vSrf;awmif;awmh vufqifh urf;&if;eJU 2007 ckESpfusrS ukdb*srf; (wifrkd;) tdrfukd us aemfa&mufaecsdef vufcH&&Sdygw,f/ ukdpkd;0if;armif&JU tok b owif ;um;uk d wif r k d ;eJ U usaemf twl M unf h

{+yD-19-2009 Muygw,f/ MunfatmifeJU ukdav;wkdYygovm;vkdU Munfhyg w,f/ olwkdUtzrf;cHae&wkef;eJU wlygw,f/ rawGUyg/ tawmf½ kyf ajymif;aewJh oli,fc sif;wcsKd Uuk d jrifv kd uf ygw,f/ ukdpkd;0if;armif&,f? oleJUtwlwGJcJhMuwJh jrif;NcHu atmifol&,f? av;armif&,f - okH;a,mufvkH; pmay orm;awG csnf;ygyJ/ pma&;aumif;MuolawG csnf;ygyJ/ acwfqkd;BuD;ukd Murf;Murf;&rf;&rf; rjzwfoef;Mu&&ifawmh olwkdUvJ usaemfwkdUeJUtwl pmaypifjrifhay:rSm twl&Sdae cJhMurSmyg/ usaemfwkdUu tdrfapmifhtpkd;&eJU xdyfwkdufjzpf cJh&wmyg/ olwkdUu ppfOD;bDvl;tpkd;&eJU xdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifzkdU wuúokdvfrSm usef&pfaeolawGyg/ uG,fvGefol &Jabmfpkd;0if;armifukd 'Daqmif;yg;eJU trSwfw& tav;jyKvkdufygw,f/ (armifpGrf;&nf - 2009? rwf 19)

armifpGrf;&nf {NyD 3? 2009 rdk;rcrS ul;,lygonf/

“&Jabmfwk@d pum;udk tus,cf sŒJ +yD; &Snf&Snfrajymcsifbl;/ ,ck ppfajrjyifudk xGuf&r,f? &Jabmfwdk@eJ@twl igvJ vdkufcJhr,f? teD;uyfqHk; &efoludk &Sm+yD;wdkuf=u/ 'gbJ?” Adv k cf sKyfatmifqef; 1945ck/ rwfv 13

41

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

aemufyw d facG; (1) atmifo ef;onf arh avsmh xm;jcif;udk cHae&aom om;i,fw a,mufomjzpf\/ olYudk owd&ol r&Sd/ olonf pGefYypfjcif;udk cHae&\/ odk Y &mwG i f ol Y tm; vk d u f v H& S m azG Murnfh rdb wdkYonfr&Sd? nDtpfu dk armifErS ESifh aqGrsKd;nmwd umwdkYonf vnf;r&Sd / olYu dk arhavsmhx m;Mu onfhtwGuf atmifoef;onf rsm;pGm ta&;xm;vSykrH &/ pGeYf ypfxm;jcif; udk cH&onfhtwGufvnf; olonf 0rf; enf;rd[efrwl/ ol onf &J&ihfaom vlom; wa,mufyyD D olYtm; arhavsmh pGefY ypfxm;Muaom vlYabmifBuD; t wGi;f ü ol\pGrf;yum; jzihf toufw acsmif;udk arG;jrLaexkdifvsuf&Sdonf/ atmifoef;onf aus;vuf\ &v'f jzpfaomfvnf; aejynfawmfü pGJNrJ aexkdif vsuf&Sdonf/ aus;vuf\ om;orD;yDy D atmifoef;onf pdr f; vef;aom v,fuGif;rsm;odkY tb,f aMumihf jyefí raexdki f& oenf ;/ a`yGoHESihf EGm;cavmufoHrsm;udk ol onf rvGrf;qGw favoavm/ rIde wdkESihf csOfaygifa& wnfwdkYudkvnf; olonf arhavsmhavNyD avm/ tb,f aMumifh olYtm; vl&mroGif;aom ae jynfawmfü aysmfydkufí ae&oenf;/ olonf tcvGwf ynmoifMum;cGihf &onfqdk aom wuúodkvfynma&;udk wyfrufae ovm;/ odkYr[kwf urÇm at;apwDu dkz l;ajr§mf& if; jynfawmf ompDrHudef;\ wkdufwvHk;? um;wpD; ESihf vpm&Spf&mwaxmifwdkYudk apmihf pm;aeovm;/ ykxkZaem Or®waum[k

bk&m;&Sif a[mMum; xm;aomfvnf; atmifoef;onf rkdufrJ avmufatmif um; r½l;yg/ atmifoef;onf v,fuGif; jyifrsm;ü arG;zGm;vm cJh&aom v,f orm; om;orD;yDyD EGm;ausmif;&if; a`yG MuLvdk \/ olonfuGif;jyifü wdkuf cwfaomavudk ½SL½Idufvdk\/ odkY&m wGif aus;vufü ,aeYwkdif rdk;aumif; vsuf&daS om ajr&Siu f olYtm; ausmw &m? &ifw&m ½dkufcwfí v,f uGi;f rsm; xJrS ESifxkwfvdkufonf/ oltbkd;\ v,fu dko dr f;,lí olYtbudkv nf; v,fx Jr S uefx kw fvdkufaomtcg atmifo ef;onf ajy;rdajy;&m odkY ajy;&if; aejynfawmfodkY a&mufvm jcif;jzpf\/ atmifo ef;onf þuJhodkY tarGrho J m;wa,muf jzpfvmcJh&onf/ olYwGif twwfynmvnf; r&Sday/ ol onf vlvm;rajrmuf&rDyif ol\ 0rf; wxGmudk &aom enf;ESihf ausmif;cJh &onf/ ol\ touf&SifaeEkdifa&; wdkufyGJ onf Muyfwnf;vS\/ rEkdif aom0efudkvnf; xrf;cJh&í ra&muf Ekd i f a omc&D ;ud kv nf; oG m;cJh & \/ b0\ xefjyif;aomrkefwdkif;tMum; 0,folonf vGihfcsif&mvGifh aecJh&\/ iwfrGwf&jcif;onf ol\nDtpfudk jzpfí? emusi&f jcif; rsm;onf olYaemuf odkY waumufaumuf vkdufyg aeMu aom t&dyfrsm;jzpfMuonf/ okdY&mwGif atmifoef;ü av; jrwf p &maumif ;aom owå dw ck & S d onf/ olonf twdwfudk vHk;0jr§Kyf ESHxm; Ekdi fjcif;yifjzpf\ / olo nf 42

ypöKyÜefüom aexkdifvsuf? tem *wf udkvnf; tdyrf uf rufjcif; &SdykrH &/ ol onf eHeufpmudk awGY&aomtcg pm; \/ odkY&mwGif npmtwGuf olonf rpOf;pm;? awGYvSsifvnf; pm;rnf/ rawGYvSsifvnf; rpm;bJ ae vdkuf rnf/ rcHr&yf Ekdifavmufatmif qm avmifvm aomtcg olonf awm\ Oya' twdkif; &SmazGí pm; aomuf wwfonf/ onftwGufESihf olYudk 0kid ;f 0ef;zrf;qD;í w&m;½Hk; rsm;odYk ydYkMu \/ OmPftajrSmftjrifEiS hf jynfhpkaH om w&m;rif;rsm;u aejynfawmf t&yfü awmOya'udk vdku fe maom atmif oef;tm; tjypfay;Mu\/ &ef u k e f a xmif t wG i f ; od k Y atmifoef;onf tBudrfBudrfa&muf cJhNyD;ayNyD/ olonf uav;t&G,fü uav; axmifwGif aexkdiBf uD;jyif;cJh& NyD;vSsif ,cktouf (40) eD;aom t&G,füum; ArmEkdifiH tusOf;xmif tESHYtjym;ü vSn fhvnfaexkdi fc JhNyD; avNyD / þtwd k i f ; oG m ;aevS s if olonf axmifxJü t½dk;xkwf&vdrhf rnf[k cefYrSef;&onf/ 1952 - ckEpS t f wGi;f u EkdifiH awmftpkd;&\ aus;Zl;aMumihf txuf yg atmifoef;udk aoG;rsm; pGe;f xif;ae aom &efuek af xmifBuD; twGif;ü uGßef awmfonf awGYqHkcJh& avayonf/ (2) usD ;uef ;ESi hf p miS u f r sm;ud k t&Si&f atmif zrf;Ekdif onfqdkaom xl;

trSwfpOf-98 jcm;onfh t&nftcsif;aMumihf atmif oef;udk uGßefawmfonf pwifí pdwf 0ifpm;rd\/ xdkYxufvGJí atmifoef; taMumif;udk bmrSsawmhr odao;/ usD;uef;ESi fh pmiSufrsm;udk t&Sif& atmif zrf;qD;Ekdifaom vlwa,muf xufvGJí ol\ emusif&Snf vSsm;vS aom idkcsif;&SnfBuD;udk bmrSsrod&Sd ao;rD atmifoef;udk uGßefawmf pwif awGY&Sd&onf/ ydefcsnfhao;auG;aom vlw a,mufonf ta&mif tqif;r&Sdaom ykqdk;pkwfudk vnfwGif *Gi;f odki;f vsuf? wkwf wacsmif;udk a0SY&rf;udkif aqmif um ig;taqmifodkY0ifí vmojzihf wHc g;0ü wm0ef& Sdaom tMuyfu xHk;pHtwdkif; [efYwm;ydwfyifonf/ ]a[h 0g'g? rif; zGiafh y;rvm;? ray;bl;vm;} tMuyf u atmifo ef;tm; wHcg;zGihfray;bJ ESif xkwf\/ atmifoef;onf tMuyfudk aemufxyf bmrSsajym qdkjcif; rjyKawmh bJ oHwikd u f dk ausmfwufí ig;taqmif wGif;odkY 0ifoGm;\/ rdef;a*s;rS pDtdkif 'Drsm;onf atmifoef;udk bmrSs rajym qdkEkid b f J vufyku d fí MunfhaeMu&\/ ]tJ'gayghAs? atmifoef; qdk wm} [k rdwfaqGwa,mufu uGßef awmfhtm; vSrf;í ajymjy\/ csKyfcs,frt I m; awmfveS w f wf aom atmifoef;udk uGßefawmfonf þodkYpwifawGY&Sdum olYtm;oabm usrd onf/ csKyfcs,fjcif;cHae&onfh tMum;ü xyfrHcsKyfcs,f jcif; udk ykef uef0Hhaom atmifoef;\ yifudk,f owåu d dk uGßefawmf onf av;pm;ovdk jzpfr\ d / olYukd &if;&if;ES;D ESD; odußG rf;vdk aom pdwfrsm;vnf; ay:aygufvm onf/

]a[h....... atmifoef;? rif; b,foGm;rvdkYvJ} uGßeaf wmfu pwifí olYtm; EIwq f uf um wm;vdkufonf/ ]cif A sm; b,f o l v J } [k atmifoef;u uGßefawmhfudk tuJcwf ovdk jyefíar;vm \/ ]igvJ rif;vdk axmifxJa&muf aewJh vlwa,muf ygyJuGm} ]cifAsm; bDuvyfuvm;} ]at;} ]'gjzih f aq;vd y f w vd y f avmufay;prf;yg} ol\ yGihfvif;jcif;udk oabm usrdonf/ xdkY aMumifh olYtm; uGßef awmfhtcef;wGif;odkY ac:vmcJhNyD;vSsif vufzuf&nfazsmfí wkduf&if; olYudk avhvmMunfh½Irdonf/ atmifo ef; onf vHkavmufaom tm[m&ESihf aq;0g;rsm;udk rrDS0JcJh&ojzihf touf t&G,fESifh rvkdufatmif ao;auG; ydef csnfhaeonf/ vlpOfrrDEkdifatmif ñdSK; EGrf;aeonf/ ]'gxuf....... rif;usD;uef;eJY pmuav;awGudk t&Sif&atmif zrf; wwfw,fqdk} [k uGßefawmfu ar; Munfhonf/ ]usD;uef;waumif vdkcsif&if aq;vdyfig; vdyfeJY&r,f} [k atmif oef;u ol\ aygufaps;udk awmif; vm\/ ]pmuav;waumifuaumuG} ]ig;vdyfyJ} twlwlyJ vm;uG ]zrf;&wm wlwlyJ} nDrSsaom vkyftm;twGuf nDrSsaom wefzd;k udk atmif oef;u awmif;qd\ k / vufzuf&nf aomufNyD;oGm; aomtcg uGßefawmf onf atmifoef; tm; aq;vdyf q,fvdyfcefY ay;vdkuf 43

{+yD-19-2009 onf/ olonf aq;vdyfrsm;&ojzihf 0rf;omtm;& xGuf oGm;onf/ aemuf x yf í oH k ; &uf r S s atmifoef;ESihf rawGY&ay/ oHk;&ufcefY tMumwGif atmifoef; onf uGßefawmfhqDodkY vm\/ olESihf twl pmuav; t&Si f ESp faumif udkvnf; uGßefawmhftwGuf ,lvmcJh ayonf/ (3) atmif o ef ; ES i h f tusOf ; axmifxJwGif wpxufwp &if;ESD; uGßrf;0ifvmNyD;aemuf atmifoef;udk eD;eD;uyfu yf avhvmEkdi f&eftwGuf uGßefawmhfteD;odkY ac:xm;cJhonf/ xdko dkY atmifo ef;udk uGßefawmfu teD;odkY ac: xm;onfh twGuf axmif tmPmydkifrsm;u aus;Zl;wifMuonf/ 0rf; omMuonf/ tb,f aMumihf qdkaomf atmifoef;udk olwdkY tkyfcsKyf xd e f ; od r f ; í r&Muonf h t wG u f jzpfonf/ atmifo ef ; onf tusOf ; axmiftwGif;ü zdESdyfcsKyf cs,fjcif;udk tNrJwap awmfvSefwdkufcdkuf0Hhaom owåd &Sdavonf/ olYudk tjypf'Pf ay;aomtaeESihf tvkyf vkyf cdkif;í r&/ tmPmyd ki fw dkY u ol Ytm;cdki f; apvSsif ]rvkyf bl;uG}[k wif;wif; rmrm jyefíajym\/ tcsKdYaom tMuyf rsm;u atmifo ef;tm; yg;pyfjzifh ajymqdkír&ojzifh wkwf jzifhacsmuf vSefY&ef BudK;pm;\/ xdktcg atmif oef;onf tkwfcJwvHk;udk aumufí udkifwwf\/ atmifo ef ;udk axmif x Jü axmif csMunf\ h / wku d fyw d f onf[í l ac:\/ xdkumvü atmifoef;onf

trSwfpOf-98 axmifrif; BuD;rSpí tMuyftxd aumf í qJa&;\/ atmf[pfqJa&; NyD;aom tcg olYtm; þodkY csKyfcs,fjcif;udk tjyif;xef qHk;aom vufe ufjzihf jyefv nfí wkdu fc dku f\ / xdkv uf eufrSm tjcm;r[kwf? tpmiwfcHjcif; yif jzpf\/ þwdkuf yGJudk atmifEkdif onftxd atmifoef;onf &Gy&f yG fcßG HcßG H qif E J T\ / aemuf q Hk ;ü axmift m PmydkifwdkYonf atmifoef; udk t½HI; ay;í vTwfvdkuf&onf/ wdkufxrJ S vGwfajrmufvmNyD; aemuf atmifoef; onf &efuek af xmif BuD;twGi;f ü oGm;csif&m oGm;í vmcsif &mvm\/ vkyfcsif&mvkyí f pm;csif&m avSsmufp m;\/ olYu dk b,ftMuyf wdkYurS bmrSs rajymEkdiMf uawmh/ ouf qkdif&m axmifrª;rsm;uvnf; olYudk vufajrSufxm;Mu\/ olonf zdESdyf csKyfcs,fjcif;tm; ol&owåd&SdpGmjzifh tqHk;wdkif wkduf cdkufatmifEkdifcJhaom &efukefaxmifwGif; ol&Jaumif; BuD; r[kwfavm/ &efu ke faxmifBuD;twGif;ü pG e f v T w f jcif; ud k yd w fy if xm;\/ atmifoef;onf jywfv Gi fhvmaom pGerf sm;udk vdkufvHzrf;qD;í BudK;wdkuf ay:odkY wufum pGev f Twf\/ b,fol u bmajymEkdifoenf;/ axmify dki fo nf eHe ufc if; tcsdew f iG f axmiftwGi;f odYk vSnv fh nf Munfh ½Iavh&Sd\/ xdktcsdefü taqmif wHcg; rsm; ydwfxm;wwf\/ t0ift xGuf r&Sd&/ vrf;ay:ü vnf; b,fol rS &yfrae&/ odkY&mwGif atmifoef; onf ykqdk;udk vnfyif;uGif;odkif;í wk w f w acsmif ; ud k i f u m axmif ydkiv f rf;wGif uefYvefYvkyfaewwf\/ ]rif ; rvG w f a o;bl ; vm; atmifoef;} [k axmifykdiu f yif olYudk

EIwfqufar;jref; &\/ ]rvGwfao;bl;? OD;bodef; b,fawmhvmOD;rvJ} [kolu jyefí ar;\/ OD;bode;f onf tusOf;axmif rif; BuD;jzpf\/ atmifoef; uav; axmifü pwifaexkdif &pOfu OD;b ode;f onf uav;axmifwGif axmifrª; jzpf onf/ odkY&mwGif ,cktcg0,f OD;bode;f onf axmifrif; BuD;yif jzpf cJhavNyD/ atmifoef;um; axmifxw J iG f aexkdif &wkef;yifjzpfonf/ ]vmwJhtcg rif;udkac: r,f av [kwfvm;} ]tif;} ]axmifxJrSm aumif;aumif; aeaemf atmifoef;} ]tif;} axmifykid fuvnf; atmifoef;udk acsmh armhajymqdk& onf/ tb,faMumihf qdkaomf atmifoef;onf axmifrif; BuD;\ rdwfaqGvnf; jzpfaomaMumihf wnf;/ (4) atmifoef;tm; uGßefawmfwdkY xrif;0dik ;f wGif auGß; arG;um uGßefawmfh teD;wGif ac:xm;aom umvtwGif; av;jrwf c spf c if p &maumif ; aom pd w f aeoabmxm; uav;rsm;udk awGY&onf/ tmPmydkifrsm;u tjypf 'Pfxm;aomtaejzihf ckdif;apaom tvkyfudkom rvkyf aomfvnf; olyg 0ifa&mufpm;aomufaom xrif;0dkif; twG u f vd k tyf a om xif ; rsm;ud k rnfo lu rS wkdu fw dku f wGe f;wGe f; rajymqd&k bJ xif;*dak 'gifokYd olYbmom oloGm;í xrf;,lvmay;\/ eHeuf vif;í tdyaf qmifziG fv h Ssif zGifch sif; tdyf &mrS x um xif ; o,f & ef o G m ;\/ 44

{+yD-19-2009 w&ufwavrSs rysuf uGufcJh/ xif; xrf;í jyefydkY ay;NyD;aemufrS olvnf csif&modkY avSsmufí vnfaewwf onf/ olonf vlY usifh0wfudk vdkuf emjyKvkyfwwfayonf/ &Sdao;\/ atmif o ef ;onf ,cifu npfnpfywfywfESihf jzpfovdk aeavh &SdcJhonf/ a&udk csKd;csifonfhtcgrS csKd;avh&dS \/ uGßefawmfESifh vma&muf aexkdiaf omtcg olYtm; oefYoefY&iS ;f &Si f; ES i f h oyf o yf & yf& yf aexkd i f & ef tusKd;oifh taMumif;oihf ajymqdq k Hk;r Munfhonf/ aemufwaeYrSpí atmif oef;onf waeYvSsif a&oH;k cgavmuf csKd;\/ rdk;wGif; BuD;üyif waeYvSsif a&oHk;cg rSe fr Se fc sKd;aeaomaMumihf ]atmifoef;&m rif;a&csKd;wm avSsmhyg OD;uGm}[k uGßef awmfu yif jyefí awmif ; yef , l & onf / txl ; wef ; tusOf; om;rsm;uJho dkY atmifoef; onf oyf o yf & yf & yf aexk d i f & ef twGuf uGßefawmfhxHr S qyfjymarT;? aygif'g? acgif;vdrf;qD ponfwdkYudk aeYwkdif; awmif;vmojzihf ]rif;[mu avSsmhygOD;uGm} [k uGßefawmfu awmif; yef&jyef\/ atmif o ef ; o nf v l w a,muf y D y D oyf o yf &yf & yf ES i h f oefYoefYjyefYjyefYuav; aevd&k mS onf/ odkY&mwGif xkduJh odkYaexkdif&eftwGuf olonf tcGihfta&;r&cJhay/ 0rf;w xGmwdkufyGJudk tvl;tvJ wdkufcdkuf aecJh&[efwlonf/ xdkYaMumifh olonf vlpifppfu wd&päew f aumifvdk aecJh& &Smonf/ tu,fíom olYtm; arwåm u½kPmjzifh pdwf&n S f &Snfxm;í jyKjyif avhusihfay;EkdifrnfqdkcJhvSsif atmif oef; onf vlYabmifBuD;\ pnfyifwk;d wuf&m wdk;wufaMumif; twGuf rsm;

trSwfpOf-98 pGmtzdk;wefaom vlwa,muf jzpfvm vdrhfrnf[k uGßefawmf,lqrdonf/ atmifoef;onf vltrsm;\ tusKd;udk aqmif&Guf vdkaom oabm vnf; &Sdonf/ nrdk;csKyfí axmifydwf aom tcgrsm;wGif tcsKdUaom olrsm; onf axmiftjyifbufü vSef;xm; aom t0wftpm;rsm;udk arhxm;wwf Muonf/ atmifoef;onf tdyaf qmif ydw faomtcg xdkarhu sef aeaom t0wftpm;rsm;udk avSsmufí odrf; qnf;vm wwfNyD; vSsif t0wftpm; &Sifrsm;tm; atmf[pfar;jref;í vdkuf vHay;urf;wwfonf/ olonf iwfjywfaomtcg axmif \ tjyif b uf ü cd k ; ,l p m; aomufjcif; jyKcJah omfvnf; axmifxüJ ckd;,lw wfjcif;rjyK? olv dkc sifaom ypönf;udk awmif;&rf; wwfonf/ b0 wl tusOf;om;rsm;udk olonf b,f awmhrSs taESmuf t,Suf ray;wwf/ tmPmydik rf sm;udk Murf;Murf; wrf;wrf; jyef v nf í wd k u f c d k u f wwf a om atmifoef; onf b0wltusOf;om; rsm;ESifh qufq&H mü ,Ofaus;ajyjypfpGm qufqHwwfonf/ rnfonfh tusOf; om;urqd k ol Y tm; tusKd ; oih f taMumif ; oih f ajymqd k q H k ; rvS s if olo nf £ajE´&& em;axmifw wf onf/ wcgw&H atmifo ef ;tm; twdwfb0 taMumif; udk uGßefawmf onf ar;jref;Munfhonf/ atmifoef; onf twdwfb0taMumif;udk jyefí ajymjycsifyHk r&/ olonf twdwfudk pdwfemMunf;[efwl\/ b,fvdkrsm; cHchJ&aom twdwfb0rsKd; jzpfvdrhfrnf rod/ awmfawmfccH Jh&[ef wlayonf/ pdw fv uf Munfv if & T i fy saomtcg ol o nf [oF m wom; Zmwd j zpf

aMumif; ajymjywwf\ / [oFmw awmbuf w G i f ol i ,f p Of u EG m ; ausmif;&if; a`yGMuLcJhaom tjzpftysuf rsm;ud k v nf ; ajymjy\/ xd k t cg ol\ pum;udk eif;í uGßefawmfu olYtwdwf taMumif;udk wl;azmfEIduf ,líMunfhrd\/ olYtbd;k onf udk,fykid f v,f vky f jzpfaomfv nf; olYtbonf v,f tiSm;vkyfchJ &onf/ v,ftiSm; vkyo f m;b0rS v,fulvDb0odkY avSsm usoGm;cJh&onf/ v,fulvD\ om; atmifoef;onf (13) ESpfom;cefYwGif o&ufNrdKY uav;axmifodkY usa&muf cJhonf/ uav; axmifrS vGwfvm aomtcg? olonf xrif;wvkyf rSef rSeEf Sifh 00uav;rS rpm;& aom awm buf&Sd v,fulvD rdb rsm;xHo dkY rjyefawmhbJ jynfNrdKYrS &efukefNrdKYodkY rD;&xm; cdk;pD;&if; vkdufygvmcJhonf/ uGßeaf wmfonf atmifoef;\ twdwfb0 jrpfzsm;cH&m awmifMum; rsm;ud k þod kY awmeif ; &S m azG c J h &onf/ (5) ArmEkdifiNH rdKYawmfjzpfaom &ef ukefNrdKY BuD;ü atmif oef;onf ESpf aygif;tpdwf omomcefY aexkdif cJh onf/ odkY&mwGif olYrSm tdk;tdrfr&Sd? toufarG;0rf;ausmif;vkyif ef; vnf; r&Sd/ rSDckd tm;xm;jcif;jyK&aom aqGrsKd; nmwd umrsm;vnf; r&Sd/ atmifoef; onf ESpfaygif;tpdw frSs &efu kefNrdKY awmfBuD;ü tb,fodkY touf&Sifae xkdif cJhavoenf;/ cspfaom atmifoef;\ 0w¦K onf þae&mrS pay NyD/ w&ufwmrSs 0ifaiGr&SdvSsif 45

{+yD-19-2009 w&ufwmrSs aexkdif&ef Muyfwnf; cufcv J Saom? aexkdi&f ef rjzpfEkid af om &efukef NrdKYawmfBuD;ü tnMw atmif oef;onf ESpaf ygif;ESpq f ,f tpdwcf efY rSs tb,fodkY toufarG;jrL aexkdif cJhoenf;/ olonf tb,folY tdrfü td y f p uf í tb,f o l Y td r f ü pm; aomufcJhoenf;/ atmifoef;ü toufarG;0rf; ausmif; twwfynm [lí bmrSsr&Sd/ tm;cGefAvudk tm;ukd;í vkyfudkifpm; aomuf&atmifuvnf; olYwGif tm; cGefAvr&Sd/ ydefvSDao;auG; aom vl wa,muf o mjzpf o nf / ol o nf tm;cGe fu dk a&mif ;pm;jcif;jyK&aom usyef;ulvD tvkyfudk toufarG;rI twGuf vkyfudkiv f dk\/ olYtm; ac:,l iSm;&rf;&ef tvkyf&Sif rsm;udk vnf; NrdKYa wmf\ tESHY tjym; vkdu fv H& Sm azGcJhzl;\/ odkY&mwGif vlpOfrrSDaom atmifoef;udk tb,folurS riSm;&rf; rapckdi;f vdkMuay/ ]&efukefNrdKYBuD;rSm rif;b,fu &vdkY bmudk pm;ae ovJuG atmif oef;} [k uGßefawmfu ar;jref;Munfh rd\ / ][dku 'Du 'DvdkyJ &SmazGpm; &wmayghAs} [k olu ayghayghqq jyefíajym\/ ol\ ayghayghqqay;aom tajzudk uGßefawmfo nf vG,fvihf wul vufrcHEkdifay/ ]aumif;aumif;ajymprf;yguG? rif; xrif; b,fu &ovJqdkwm} ]avSsmufawmif;pm;wJhtcg awmif;pm;&wmaygh} ]rif; 'DvdkyJ awmif;pm;wdkif; pm;&ovm;uGm} ]wcgwavvJ olr sm;tdr f aemufaz;rSm ypfxm; wmawG vkduf&mS

trSwfpOf-98 pm;w,f} ]at; at; NyD;awmhaumuGm} ]rpm;&wJht cgvJ iwfw m aygh} ]rif; b,favmufMumMum rsm; tiwfcHEkdifovJuG} ]ESpf&uf oHk;&ufawmh cH&zl; w,f} ]iwfwJhtcgaum rif;b,f vdk&Smpm; ovJ} ]odyif wfvmwJt h cg &wJah e&mu 0ifc;dk wmaygh} ]rif;bmawG cdk;zl;ovJ[if} ]wcgwkef;u w½kwfqdkifu bJuifwaumif 0ifcdk; wmeJY axmif ajcmufv usw,f} atmifoef;tm; tcsKdY tusOf; om;rsm;u ]atmifoef; awGYvdkol bJr} [lí axmif0ifpm ac:um aemufzl; aom taMumif;udk ,ckrS vdyfywf vnfrdonf/ ]'DhtjyifaumuGm} ]vG,fvG,f&wm cdk;wmyJ} ]rif;udk ykvdyfzrf;rdwJh tcg rsm; ñSOf;ao;ovm;uG} ]tukev f Hk;zGihfajymawmh ykvyd f u b,fñSOf;rSmvJ} ]cdk;vdkYrw d JhtwGuf rif;axmif b,fESpfcg uszl; ovJ[if} ]trsm;BuD;yJ? rrSwfrad wmhb;l } ]rif; axmifx Jr Sm eJ Y tjyif bufrSm b,foif;aecsif ovJuGm} ]b,foif;rSmrS raecsifbl;} ]'gjzihf b,frSm oGm;aecsifovJ} atmifoef;onf xdktar;udk rajzwwf&Smay/ &efukefNrdKYrSma&m? axmifxJüa&m wvSnfhpD ajymif;vGJae xkdifcJh &zef rsm;vSNyDjzpfaom atmif oef;onf ESpfckpvHk;udk pdw fysufrd

[ef&Sdonf/ olYtm; arG;zGm;cJhaom awmt&yfa'o udkvnf; emMunf;arh avsmh aeNyDxif\/ &efukefNrdKY\ yef;NcHrsm;ESihf vrf;ab;yvuf azmif;rsm;onf aEG&m oDumvü atmifoef;\ aexkdiftdyf puf&m t&yfa'orsm;jzpfMuí rdk;&m oDü olonf ql;av bk&m; uke;f awmf ESihf jrLeDpyg,f ½Hk;\ pBuFefrsm;wGif pwnf; csavh&do S nf/ þtdy&f mae&m rsm;ESihf ywfoufíolonf &efukef ykvdyftzGJYBuD;? jrLeDpyg,fykvdyftzGJY? ql;av bk&m;ykvdyf tzGYJrsm;ESihf wdu k fyGJ rsm; qifETJcJh&onf/ yef;NcHrsm;wGif 0iftdyfvSsif jrLeDpyg,fykvdyfrsm;u ESifx kwf\/ vrf;ab;yvufazmif; wGif 0ifauG;vSsif &efukefyv k dyfrsm;u &ef& S m \/ ql ; avuk e f ;awmf ay:ü vnf; bk&m;ykvdyrf sm;u olYukd armif; xkwf\/ olonf þ&efol oHk;yg;udk ckcHum uG,f&if; tdyfpuf&avonf/ &moDOwku ESyd pf ufíjzpfap? tm[m&ESi fh aq;0g;rsm;vHkavmuf atmif rrSD0EJ idk í f jzpfap? emrusef;aom tcg umvrsm;ü atmifo ef;onf jynfolYaq;½Hk;BuD;odkY wuf a&mufuk ocG i hf r &ay/ ol o nf wd & p ä m ef½ H k wGif;odkY ausmf 0ifum vlol&Sif;aom csKH p yf w ck c k w G i f t&S i f r &S d a om wd&pämefwaumifvkd wdk;0ifnnf; wGm; aeavh&Sdonf/ &efukef NrdKYawmfü jynf olYaq;½HkESihf aq;ay;cef;rsm; tjyif tjcm; ukodkvfjzpfaq;½Hk trsm; tjym; yif &SdMuonf/ odkY&mwGif xdkaq;½Hk rsm;onf tnMwatmifoef;udkum; vufrcH cJhMu/ olonf a&m*gb,\ ESyd fpufjcif;udk ydik f&iS rf &Sad om acG;0ifpm; waumifESihfrjcm; cHcJh&onf/ ordkif;wavSsmufü vlom;wdkY emusifcJh&aom tjzpftysufrsm; tm; 46

{+yD-19-2009 vHk;udk atmifoef;\0w¦Kü tvHk;pHk awGY&Sd&onf/ jynfaxmifpktpdk;&rif; ½Hk;rsm;pdkufvsuf EkdifiHjcm;oHwrefrsm; oHwJrsm; aqmufvkyfaexkdifvsuf &Sd Muaom &efukefNrdKYawmfBuD;ü vSsyf ppfrD;rsm; vif;xdefum ,Eå&m;,mOf trsKd;rsKd;udk armif;ESit f oHk;csaeMupOf? vlay:pOD;acwfu ½ke f;uefaexkdi f &aom enf;twdkif; atmif oef;onf touf&Sif aexkdif ae&onf/ Nr d K Yawmf B uD ; ü ol o nf awm\ Oya'twdk i f; vdku fe mae xkdiv f suf&do S nf/ olonf toufarG; &ef vHkavmufaom pm;-0wf-aerI twG u f toH k ; taqmif rsm;ud k xkwfvkyfjcif; rjyKEkdif&Smay? &SmazG& onf / &S m azG r & Ed k i f a omtcg cd k; 0S u f, l o nf/ vk , uf , l o nf / xdktcg olYtm; NrdKYawmf\ ,Ofaus;rI udk tpOfojzifh apmihMf uyf vsuf&dS aom &Syef ufwyfom;rsm;u 0dki;f 0ef;zrf;qD; Mu onf/ xdkYaemufwiG f olonf aoG; rsm; pGe;f uGuf ayusHae aom tkwfx&H BuD;rsm;twGif; odkYa&muf&onf/ cspfaomatmifoef;\ 0w¦K onf &efukefaxmifBuD; twGif;ESihf tjyif 0ifvkduf xGufvku d f aecJh& aom tjzpftysufESihf taMumif;t&mrsm; omjzpf o nf / &ef u k e f a xmif \ tjyifü olonf wd&pämefwaumifEiS hf rjcm; ae&onf/ axmif\ pcef; twGi;f üum; olonf tusOf; om;vdk ae &onf/ þo d k Y atmif o e f ; touf&Sif aexkdifcJh&onfrSm tESpf ESpf q,f - tpdwfcefY&SdcJhayNyD/ vlYw ouf[lí ac:Edkif\/ atmifoef;onf trsm;enf; wl ycHk;ESpb f uf tMum;rS acgif;ayguf vmoljzpfaomfvnf; vlwa,mufrS [k w f y gao;\avm/ vl j zpf a eí

trSwfpOf-98 vl[k ac:&vSsif vlay:OD; pu vlom atmifoef;\ arwåmESihf o'¨gw&m; jzpfvdrhfrnf/ onf ESvHk;om;udk vIyf&Sm;aponf/ ]rif;0,fvmwmvm;uGm} [k (6) jyefí ar;Munfhrd\/ ]'D v d k y J &S m vmwmaygh } [k ol u atmifo ef;onf arhavSsmh ayghayghyif ajymqdk vdkufonf/ xm;jcif ;udk cH ae&aom om;i,f awmif;&rf;&SmazGí vnf; wa,mufomjzpf\/ olYudk owd&ol aumif;? cdk;0Sufí vnf; aumif;? ae r&Sd/ olonf pGefYypfxm;jcif;udkvnf; jynfawmfü pm; aomufaexkdif&aom cHae&\/ atmif oef;onf tb,fodkY þw aemufqHk;tywf axmif'Pf ½kw fr ke fYx ky fudk &SmazGv m oenf;/ (2) ESpfrSs usccH &hJ NyD;aemuf atmif oef; olonf w½kwfqdkifwqdkifrS tvpf onf aoG;rsm;pGef;xif; npfywf ae okwfvmyHk &\/ ol\ tpGr;f owådjzifh aom tkwf½dk;\ tjyifbufodkY xGuf pGeYf pm; ,liifvm&aom þrkeYf xkyu f dk oGm;&jyef\/ olYudk vl&mroGi;f aom uGßefawmfhtm; pm;aomufapcsifí NrdKYawmfü tb,fokYd &SmazGpm; aomuf ay;vsuf & S d o nf / xd k w ½k w f r k e f Y aeonfum; rod&/ xkyf u av;udk uGßef a wmf o nf tkw f½dk;tjyifodkYxGufoGm;NyD;aemuf tb,fodkYrsKdí usEkdifygrnfenf;/ olo nf rMum rD tkw f½ d k; t0if 0 vlom;wOD;tay:odYk wOD;u odkYvm\/ twGif;odkYvm jcif;um; wke fYjyefw wfaom arwåmw&m;udk r[kwf/ uGßefawmfhtm; owd&ojzihf uGß efa wmf o nf av;av;euf e uf axmif0ifpmvmawGYjcif;om jzpfay ,HkMunfvmonf/ onf/ ]rif;rkefYudk rif;bmomrif;yJ ol o nf rsm;pG m yd e f c sKH ; í pm;yguGm} [k olYtm; rke fYx ky fu dk oGm;\/ axmifxJrSmwkef; uuJhodkY jyefay;&if; ajymvdkufrdonf/ reuf n rS e f r S e f pm;aomuf & jcif ; ]q&m pm;apcsifvdkY usaemf &SdyHkr&/ olYtom; t&nfrsm;vnf; cdk;vmwmAs} a[m - atmifoef;u ñSKd;EGrf;aeonf/ npfywfaeonf/ yGifhvif;pGm ajymvdkufayNyD/ a&rSef rSerf csKd;&awmh [efwl\/ ol\ &ifx Jü vIy f& Sm;oGm;rd\ / t0wftpm;rsm;onfv nf; npfay cdk;&mygypönf;tm; pm; aomuf&rnfh pkwfjywf vsuf&Sdonf/ ta&;udk xdwfvefY íawmh r[kwf/ uGßefawmfhtm; axmif0ifpm uG ß ef a w mh f tm; pm;apcsi f í vmawGY&mü olonf trSwfw& w cdk;,lvmonf[k cyfajymifajymifajym ½kw fr ke fYx ky fu av; wxkw f, lv m vdkufaom atmifoef;\ ESvHk;om;udk onf/ ol\ BuD;rm;jzLpifaom apw av;pm;íjzpfonf/ olonf jzLpif emo'¨gw&m;udk þodkY aMuuGJz, G f&m aom vlom;wa,muf jzpfavonf awGY&Sd&onf/ wum;/ ]a&mh q&m pm;zdkY} [k olu atmifoef;tm; acsmharmhí w½kwfrHYkxkwf udkay; onf/ ol\ rkeYfxkyu f kd jyefay;&if; ol oHk;pGzJ kYd &if x J ü eih f o G m ;&onf / aiG E S p f u syf ay;vd ku fo nf / aemuf 47

{+yD-19-2009 wywfvmawGYvSsif olYtwGuf tuÐs vHkcsnfrsm;ay;rnfh taMumif;vnf; ajymvdkufonf/ onfhaemuf atmifoef;onf rMumcPqd k o vd k uG ß ef awmh f t m; axmif 0 if p m vmí awG Y onf / olvmaom tcgwkdif; &SmazGí&vSsif o&uf o D ; uif ; uav;rsm;upí uGßefawmfpm;zdkY &SmazG,v l mwwfonf/ xkdodkY olvm awGYaom tcgwdkif; oloHk;zdkYtwGuf aiGwusyfp ESpu f syfp uGßefawmfu ay;vkdufonf/ rsm;rMumrDu olonf uGßef awmhftm; vma&muf awGYqHkum &ef uke fNrdKYü tvGe fw &m taetxkdi f &cufvm aomaMumihf awmbufodkY jyefOD;rnf[k xl;xl; jcm;jcm; ajymqdk wkd i fy ifv m\/ uGß efawmfu vnf; olYtwGuf b,fvdkrSs ae&mcsray;Ekdif ojzif h ol a wmod k Y jyef & ef t wG u f vrf;p&dwf ig;usyfay;vdkufonf/ xdkY aemuf atmifoef; onf oHk;vausmf? av;veD;yg;cefYrSs aysmufoGm;onf/ olonf pdr;f vef;aom v,fuiG ;f rsm;ü EGm;ausmif;&if; a`yGMuLaeavNyD[ k atmufarhxm; vdkufonf/ odkY&mwGif wavmu tif;pdefaxmifrS &efukef axmifodkY ajymif;a&TY cH&aom b0wl tusOf;om;tcsKdYxHrS aysmufuG,fae aom atmifoef;\ owif;udk Mum;& onf/ atmifoef;onf rD;&xm;ckd; pD;í tif;pdefaxmifü (7) &ufrSs ae xkdifoGm; &aom owif;jzpfonf/ ol onf awmrS jyef v mjyefN yD avm/ tb,f a Mumih f e nf ; / awmt&yf a'oü tae&omí cufavoavm/ tif;pde faxmifrS vGwfo Gm; jyefaom owif;udk Mum;&NyD;aemuf rsm;rMumrD atmifo ef;onf uGßef awmhftm; axmif0ifpm vmawGYonf/

trSwfpOf-98 olonf ydefcsKH;onfxuf ydefcsKH; vsuf&Sdonf/ aumif;pGm usef;rmyHk vnf;r&ay/ ]rif; bmjyKvdkY awmujyefvm &jyefwmvJuG} [k uGßefawmfu ar;Munfh& ayonf/ ]awmrSm odyfqlw,fq&m&JY} a½SYqufí bmrSsajymp&m taMumif;ur&Sday/ uG ß ef a wmf ajymjycsif o nf h taMumif ; rsm;ud k v nf ; atmifoef; onf em;vnfvdrhf rnfr[kwf/ cyfvSrf;vSrf; wGif pHkaxmufuvnf; tnMwatmifoef; ESihf pma&;q&m Aef;armf wifatmifwdkY pum;ajym aeonfudk tuJ cwfem; axmifae\/ tdwfuyfxJü tcefYoifhyg vmaom aiGwusyfudk atmifoef;tm; ay;NyD;í jyefxGufvmawmhrnftjyK..... ]wusyfeJY 0,fpm;vdkY ravmufbl; q&m? aemufwusyf ay;ygOD;} [k atmifoef;u rawmif;pzl; wusyfxyfí awmif;onf/ tbd&mZmvufxufrSpí ,ckxufwkdif ukvm; rsm;ESdyfpuf jcif;udk atmifoef; onf em;vnf&Sm onf r[kwfaomfvnf; vufawGY0,f pm;&mü tppt&m&m aps;wuf a e aom taMumif ; ud k u m; od a vonf / xdYktwGuf olonf cgwdik f;wusyEf iS fh 0,fpm; Edik af omfvnf; ,ckt cgwGif wusyfEiS fh 0,fpm;í ravmuf aom aMumihf aemufxyfí wusyfawmif; aejcif;om jzpfonf/ uGßeaf wmfonf todaxmif rª;wOD;xHrS aiGwusyf acs;um atmif oef;tm; ay;NyD;aemuf tkwf½dk;twGif; od kY jyef v S n fí 0ifv mcJ h o nf / atmif o ef ; uawmh aiGESpfusyf &oGm;ojzihf tkwf½dk;tjyifodkY jyefxGufoGm; avNyD/ uGßefawmfonf tdyfaqmifodkY av;vHxdki;f rIdif;pGm jyefvm&pOf atmifoef;twGuf ESihf ywfoufí trsKd;rsKd; qufpyfawG;vmcJhonf/ tnMwatmifoef;udk wwf Ekdio f rSs ulnDvadk om uGßefawmf onf vGwf&ufr&Sd ao;aom tusOf; orm; wOD; b0üyif &Sdaeao;onf/ rif;aejynfawmft&yfü pGefYypfarhavsmh xm;jcif; cH&aom atmif oef;tm; u,fwifEkdifolrsm;ESihf ulnD Edkif rnfhorl sm;u atmifoef;udk ulnD u,fwifjcif; rjyKEidk f ao;rD umv twGif; cspfaomatmifoef; twGuf tvHkNcHK qHk;ESifh toihfawmfqHk; t&yf a'oonfum; &efukeaf xmif omvSsif jzpfawmhonfwum;/

{+yD-19-2009 cspfaomatmifoef; oifhtm; vl&mroGif;aom aejynfawmfü t&Sif r&Sdaom wd&pämefwaumifuJhodkY av vGihfaernfavm/ oihftm; b0wl rsm;u av;pm;Muifem Muaom axmifxJodkY jyefvmrnfavm/ / (21? 11? 1955) ½Ir0r*¾Zif;

Aef;armfwifatmif

eufa y:u[mo B wdu k fqkid fvdkuyf Hkrsm; b reDo nf twef;xJwGif tjrJtdyfidkufavh&Sdonf/ wpfaeY reD tdyfaysmfaepOf‐‐‐ q&mr/ / reD urÇmMuD; udk b,fol zefqif;cJYvnf; ¿ reD tdyfidkufaeojzifY rMum;aomaMumifY olraemufwGif xdkifaeaom udkjzdK;rS abmvfyifESifh xdk;í owday;vdkuf onf/ xdktcg‐‐‐ reD/ / bk&m;ocif (vefYoGm;ojzifY a&mifí atmfvdkuo f nf xdkYaemuf olr jyefvnf tdyfaysmfoGm;jyefonf/) q&mr/ / awmfvdkufwm? aemufwpfck xyfar;r,f? wdkY&JU u,fwif&Sifu b,folvJ orD; ¿ q&mr ar;onfudk reD rMum; ? tdyfvdkY aumif; aeonf? xdkYaMumifh udkjzdK;rS abmvfyifjzifY xdk;í owd ay;&jyef onf/ reD/ / (vefYoGm;jyef ojzifY a&mifí xatmfjyefonf? xdkYaemuf wzeftdyfaysmfjyefavonf/) *sD;qyf c½dkufpf/ q&mr/ / rSeyf gw,f? q&mr aemufqHk; wpfck ar;csifwm uawmh 23 a,mufajrmuf uav; arG;jyD;wJYaemuf rSm {0 u tm'rf udk bmajymcJhvnf; ¿¿¿¿ 'Dwpfcg awmh udkNzdK; tdyfaysmfaeaom reD udk abmvfyifESiYf emem xdk;í owday;vdkuf onf/reD tawmfemoGm; onf/ xdkYaMumifY tdyf,m rS Edk;vmojzifh ½kwfw&wf xvdkuf um‐‐‐ reD/ / aemufwpfcg ighudk xyfxdk;&J xdk;Munfh? eifh[m udk xufydkif; csdK;ypfr,f/ 48

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

jynfwGif;rS tdwfzGifhay;pm

49

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

ASIA SHOPPING CENTER & 

toJjJ zL 

HALAL FOODS 

toJjJ zL rS  SAT~SUNDAY 

tywfpOf

MILANO  BLD.4F.1­18­10  NISHI  IKEBUKURO  TOSHIMA­KU  TOKYO  J A PAN . 1 7 1 ­0 0 2 1

a':wifwifat; HP:090­7249­1191  TEL&FAX:03­5950­7157 

50

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

51

trSwfpOf-98

{+yD-19-2009

52