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azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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ppftm%m&Siu f wdik ;f &if;om;awGukd aqG; aEG;cGihf ray;ao;bl;?olw@kd bmomjyifqif/ olw@kd }uKd uf ovdk a&;qG/J tm;vH;k uaxmuf cH=uzd@k y?J ppfwyfuvkyaf eygw,f? 'gah =umifh 'Dru kd a&pD&zd@k / ppftm%m&Sipf epfp;kd atmufuvGwaf jrmufz@kd t&ifvyk =f u&ygt;kH r,f? Arm/ &Srf;/ csif;/ rGef/ u&iftm;vHk; pkaygif;vkyf=u&rSmyg?'Drdkua&pD&+yD;rS 'kwd,yifvHknDvmcH}uD;ay:+yD; wdkif;&if;om;ta&;udk aqG;aEG;tajz&Sm=u&rSmyg? 'gusaemfw h @kd . acgi;f aqmif uajym+yD;om;yg? yifvn kH v D mcHpak c:vd@k r&bl;vm;? r&bl;? b,fou l ac:rSmvJ? wdik ;f &if;om;jynfot l m;vH;k tusKd ;udk aqG;aEG; !SEd i_d ;f &mrSm wdik ;f &if;om;jynfoal wGu oabmwl a&G;cs,x f m;wJh tpd;k &tzG@J urS 'kw, d yifvn kH v D mcH}uD;udk ac:cGi&hf rdS mS yg? tm%m&Siu f wdik ;f &if;om;awGtm;vH;k udk olw@kd . ppfzed yfatmufrmS Armjynfoal wGe@J twl zdeif; xm;csiw f myg? b,fwikd ;f &if;om;udrk S tm%mcGaJ 0ray;csiyf gb;l ? tm%mcGaJ 0&wJh tvkyu f kd enf;enf;av;rS rvkycf siyf gb;l ? 'Dru kd a&pDtpd;k &tzG@J rzG@J pnf;Edik af o;bJe@J wdkif;&if;om;awGtwGuf w&m;r#wwJh udpPawG pOf;pm; vdk@r&Edkifao;bl;? +idrf;csrf;a&;tzGJ@awG[m ppfwyfeJ@ yl;aygif;&if jynfaxmifprk l ysurf mS yJ? 'Dawmhum ypPn;f csr;f omw,f/awmfavmuf+y?D olyek *f % kd ;f u vlq;kd *d% k ;f jzpf atmif wGe;f yd@k aewm cH=u&if jynfou l '%fcwfrmS yJ? 'g&mZ0ifa±;aewm? nDtpfudkESpfa,muf tarGcGJcJhwJhyHkjyifwck&Sdw,f? uG,f vGefol rdbawGu EGm;r}uD;waumif tarGxm;cJhw,f? tpfudk}uD;u pDrHcef@cGJw,f? nDav; rif;u EGm;r&J@ a&S›ydkif;wm0ef,l/ igu aemufydkif;wm0ef,lr,f?w0ufpDr#r#w wayghuGmqdk+yD; cGJa0owJh? nDuawmh a&S›ydkif;wm0eft& jruf&dwfau|;&w,f? tpfudk}uD;u aemufydkif;u EGm;Edk@udk !‡ p f + yD ; pm;oH k ; w,f ? apmif w xnf tarG a y;cJ h w mud k tpf u d k } uD ; u igu n,l r ,f / rif ; u ae@cif ; us,l a ygh vd k @ cGJay;owJh? tJovdkygyJ? ppfwyfu Arm/ &Srf;/ u&if ra&G; bJ ol@oabmol@vufeufjy+yD; tarGcGJaewmyg? wdkif;&if;om; tcGit hf a&;&Sw d m ±ky0f wWK a±$aiGe@J r+yD;ao;bl;? ,Ofaus;r_awG/ pmayawG tzsurf cH=uaveJ@? 'Drdkua&pDua&m b,fvdktarGcGJrSmvJ? 'Drdkua&pDqdkwm trsm;jynfoltusdK;twGuf trsm;oabmus a&G; cs,fwifajr‡mufwJh jynfol@tpdk;&tzJG@yg? rw&m;wmvkyf&if a&G;aumufyGJeJ@ jzKwfcsEdkifw,f? }udKuf}udKufr}udKuf }udKuf vufcHygw,fr&Sdbl;? wdkif;&if;om;awG pD;yGm;a&;a&m ,Ofaus;r_a&m r#r#ww zGH@+zdK;ap&r,f? acgif;aqmifawGudk &mxl;ay; a&mif;cs0,f,al &; tcGit hf a&;yHak y;wm[m zsuq f ;D wmygy?J ud, k }f udKufwm vkycf w hJ hJ 'Dru kd a&pD[m pnf;urf;rhJ y&rf;ywm jzpfaerSmaygh? tJ'gr[kwfbl;? ppfwyfu oHk;wJhpum;yJ? pnf;urf;&Sdaom 'Drdkua&pDudk olwdk@vkyfay;r,fwJh? wu,fu ol w d k @ t}ud K uf aoewf e J @ b,f n mv_ y f & S m ;cd k i f ; wmud k pnf ; urf ; &S d w mvd k @ ol w d k @ u xif a ewm? 'D r d k u a&pD q d k w J h pum;vHk;a&S›u ‘pnf;urf;&Sdaom’qdkwJhpum; rvdkbl;? tJ'g em;rvnfvdk@ ajymwm? csdKaomxef;vsuf wcJ,lcJhygvdk@ ajymp&mrvd k b l ; ? xef ; vsuf w cJ , l v mygvd k @ ajym&w,f ? xef ; vsuf q d k r S a wmh cg;aomxef ; vsuf v d k @ &S d y gh r vm;? wu,fawmh 'Drdkua&pDqdkwm pnf;urf;&Sdwmudk ac: w,f? jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,fawG w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;udk wm0ef,l&w,f? ighom;/ ighnD/ ighaqGrsdK; rw&m;wm vkyf&ifvJ Oya't& ta&;,lw,f? Oya'&J@txufu 0ef}uD;wdk@/ ppfAv dk cf sKyfw@kd / "g;aoewfw@kd vH;k 0r&Sb d ;l ? ppfwyf[m Oya'&J@txufu wufaevd@k wdik ;f jynfrmS pnf;urf;rJh uke&f w,f? ck pnf;urf;rJhvdk@ ta&;,lch&J wmawG b,folawGv?J u|ef;opfcdk;/ ausmufrsufckd;/ vlowf/ rk'def;usifhwmawGudk vkyaf ewm NLD vm;/ ABSDF vm;/ r u o vm;/ A u y vm;? Adv k cf sKyfxeG ;f =unf/ Adv k cf sKyfjrifah qG/ Adv k cf sKyfausmb f wd@k uae ck Adv k cf sKycf if!eG @f xd Adv k cf sKyaf wG ra&wGuEf ikd w f hJ Edik if aH wmf ydik yf pPn;f awG pnf;urf;rJh vk,ufv@kd ta&;,lc=H u&w,f? pnf;urf;rJw h m [m ppfAv kd af wGcsn;f yJ? olw@kd ajymwJh Selected Mamber vufa&G;pifawG csn;f ygy?J Oya'udk olw@kd o;kH csiw f t hJ cgro S ;kH wm? 'Drkd ua&pDawmif;olawGupkd nf;urf;rJo h al wGv@kd ppfwyfu ac:w,f? olc;kd "g;jyawGukd ppfwyf&@J vufprG ;f awGv@kd ac:&r,f? uJ -ck bmvkyf&rvJ? 'Drdkua&pDt&if&atmifvkyf+yD; 'kwd,yifvHkac:&r,f? 'DtwGuf trsm;jynfolawGu nD!Gwf=uzdk@vdkw,f? uGefysLwmay: pma&;wwfwmeJ@ udk,fhudk,fudk wdkufyGJ0ifEdkifiHa&;orm;}uD;/awmfvSefa&;o rm;}uD; xifrae=ueJ@? udk,fhudkudk,ft&if awmfvSef&r,f? EdkifiHa&;udk igrSodwm/ igacgif;aqmifrSjzpfrSm qdk+yD;bmrSr vkyfbJ 0ufbfqdkuf EdkifiHa&;orm;vm;/ uGefjyLwm awmfvSefa&;orm; vkyfaevdk@ r+yD;ygbl;? EdkifiHa&;vkyfolawG tm;vHk;udk olcdk;awG tcGifhta&;orm;awGqdk+yD; (udk,fwdkifrcdk;&or#) em;ylem;qm vkyfaewmrsdK;awG awmf awmf awG@ae&ygw,f? nD!Gwfzdk@!SdEdkif;zdk@ enf;vrf;udk rvkyfor# (rvdkuf&Jor#) 'Drdkua&pD&zdk@ r&Sdygbl;? rdwfaqGoifhudk pG y f p G J w ,f v d k @ oif u d k , f w d k i f x if a e+yD v m;? ud k , f b momud k , f xif w mawmh usKyf v J r wwf E d k i f b l ; ? ud k , f r [k w f & if onf;cH? [kwf&ifvnf; onf;cHyg? jyKjyif? nD!Gwf zdk@vdk w,f? nD!Gwf&JwJh owWd&Sdyg&J@vm;? (pmapmif t rS w f p Of - 48 wG i f a z:jycJ h a om aqmif ; yg;tm;xyf r H a z:jytyf y gonf ? ) 13

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azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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trSwfpOf-96

azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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pvdk yHkusaeonfh OD;acgif;udk Nznf; av;pGm tm;,larmUí vli,fukd Munfh onf/xdUk aemuf udv k 0l udk Munfo h nf/ tm;,lí NyKH ;onf/ aMomf…aumif;ygav&JUuG,f aeygOD ; tbG m ;&J U …tbG m ;u apmapuwnf;u 'DyhH oulukd awGUcJh Ny;D om;vm;? bmNzpfvUkd ckrS vmaumuf &wmvJ ... vl i ,f \ tar;ü tbG m ;MuD ; &kwfw&uf xdwfNym oGm;avonf/ vli,fukd Munfv h u kd f udv k 0l udk Munfh vdkufESifh bm aNym&rSef; rodNzpfae [ef&o dS nf/ ESKwcf rf;udk vSsmESio hf yfí trsKd ;rsKd ;yg;pyfuNkd yifonf/ rsuaf wmif yk w f c wf y k w f c wf v k y f í acgif ; ud k a,mif,rf;í ukwf onf/ vli,fu olUudk pdw0f ifwpm; Munfah e\ / [d'k if;…usKyu f ..tJ'.D .[d[ k m…tJ..bm aNym&rSe;f awmif rodygbl;uG,f .tbGm;Mu;D acgif;ukwNf yefonf/ 'DvdkuG,f…aNym&rSm..&Sufawmh &Supf &mygyJ? 'DyhH oulu usKyu f , kd w f ikd f 'DaeUreufu ypfcUJ wmyg uG,.f . a[mAsm..'gNzifU bmNzpfvUkd vJ... tJ'g…&Supf &maumif;wmy…'Dvu kd , G …f ? usKyf w d k U u awmuyg…aNr;uav; rrmvdUk aq;&Hk vmwif&wm ESpyf gwf avmuf&NdS y?D taNctaeuvnf; odyf rxl;Ncm;em; vSwmeJY tJ'g 'Dreuf aq;xGu0f ,f&if; aA'if 0ifar; awmh q&mu ,Mwmacswt hJ aeeJU vrf;qH?k vrf;cG? vrf;ab;? opfyifwpfae&mrSm ud, k w f wfeikd o f avmuf yHUoul ypf& r,fw…hJ Ny;D awmh tif;csxm;wJh pm&Guf ay:rSm pma&;cdik ;f w,f… usKyf u ra&; wwfawmU q&m ud, k w f ikd f a&;ay;&Sm w,f /tJ'geJU aps;xJu aq;qdik u f kd toGm; a[m'D anmifyifMu;D atmuf rSm yHo h ul ypfcw hJ m uG,.f .. 'gNzifh tck Nyefvm ,lwmu…... 18

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pmrsufESm-29 rS Owå&vrif; pmaytzGJUu pDpOfay;vdkU zm;uefUudk twl oGm;cJhMu&w,f/ 'DESpfrSmvnf; c&D;ESpfck oGm;zdkU&Sdw,f/ zm;uefUudk oGm;wkef;u rdrdeJU udkNroef;u Nrefrm Nynf ta&SUaNrmufzsm; q'Hk;qrm;udk oGm;csifw,fqdkvdkU Owå&vrif; udo k ef;aqGu c&D;tpDtpOf vkyx f m;ygw,f/ tcsdefZ,m;awmif tMurf;zsif; qGJxm;NyD;aeNyD/ aemufwpfcku armfvNrdKif/ 1991 azazmf0g&Dwkef;u armfvNrdKif c&pf,mef temMuD;aq;&Hku zdwfMum;vdkU rdrd? Nroef;wifh? ausmf atmif? armifaoG;opfwdkU armfvNrdKifeJU bDvl;uGsef;udk oGm;cJhMuw,f/ tckvnf;tJU'Daq;&Hk &mNynfU txdrf; trSwftwGuf zdwfxm;vdkU rdrdwdkU oGm;zdkU pDpOfxm; Muw,f/ azazmf0g&DeJU rwfudk tMurf;zsif; owfrSwfxm; Muw,f/ tckawmh olwpfa,mufwnf; c&D;&SnMf u;D wpfcu k kd oGm;ESifhacsNyDwnf;/ EG,feD? {NyD? 1998 (ewfEG,f?awmtaMumif;awmiftaMumif; ) 31

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azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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(5 - 12 - 62 )jr0wD r*¾Zif; Zefe0g&D? 1963/

( Nidrf;a0 )

36

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vGefcJhaom tESpf 40ausmfu r*~Zif;avmu '*kefwm&m 37

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