Tuberculosis

  • Uploaded by: K Mani
  • 0
  • 0
  • May 2020
  • PDF

This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA


Overview

Download & View Tuberculosis as PDF for free.

More details

  • Words: 953
  • Pages: 4
ÿÈV¬ ...... ÿÈV¬.... BV´∫ºÔ ∏Ω ! Ω.∏. ˛ÚtÁB

xÁ™k˙ Ô. \Ë

ÔVƒºÂVl[ ÿÔV˘´›Á> ÷´ı| ƒD√k∫Ôπ_ ÂV[ √V˙›]Ú¬˛º≈[. ®™¬z© √›m kB]Ú¬zD... (1962) √¬Ô›m T‚Ω_ A]>VÔ› ]Ú\\V™ ÿ√ı ŒÚ›]l[ ÷Ú\_ ƒ©>D {BV\_ ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔVıº¶lÚ¬zD. ŒÚÂV^ ∂m {FÕmº√V™m. √VÁ¶l_ ∂k^ c¶ÁÈ© √V˙›>º√Vm ∂]˙Õm º√Vº™[. c¶DA cÚ˛, ®KD∏[ *m º>V_ º√V˙›]Bm º√VoÚÕ>m. ÔVƒºÂVF¬zfl ƒˆBV™ \ÚÕm ˛Á¶¬ÔV> ÔVÈ›]_ ¶Õ> ƒD√kD ÷m. ÂV[ AzxÔkz©∏_ Ô_Ÿˆl_ ÔVÈΩ Ák›>ºÂ´D, Âı√–¶[ t[ƒV´ ´lo_ ∞§ ±∫ÔD√V¬Ô›]K^· Ô_Ÿˆ¬zfl ÿƒ_KºkVD. ÿ√ˆBk˙Ôπ[ mÁl[§ >MBVÔ Âı√˙Ô”¶[ ÿkπ•È˛_ ∑u§›]ˆ•D ÔVÈD. g™V_ ®[ Âı√[ √Ω©Á√ √V]lºÈºB WÆ›]s¶ ºkıΩB ÛµWÁÈ ∞u√‚¶m. ÿƒ[Á™ ÿ√Vm \Ú›mk\Á™l_ ÔVƒºÂVF kV˙Ω_ zuÆlÚD zÁÈ•lÚ\VÔ¬ ˛¶Õ>V[, tÔ°D ¸‚´V∫ÔV™ \ÚÕ]™V_ >ÁÈ xΩÿB_ÈVD ÿÔV‚Ω©º√VF ®KDAD º>VK\VÔ ÷ÚÕ>V[. Â_È ºkÁ·BVÔ >¬Ô \ÚÕm ∂©º√Vm ÷ÚÕ>>V_ ∂k[ ∏Áw›m¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. ∏≈z √Ω©Á√› ÿ>V¶˙Õm Ω˛ˆ kV∫˛ ÷[Æ g¨ƒ´VÔ Â_È WÁÈloÚ¬˛≈V[. ùùÿƒ[Á™l_ ÔVƒºÂVF √´kÈVÔ ÷ÚÕ> ƒÔV©>D 1960. ÿƒ[Á™¬z© A≈ÂÔˆ_ ƒV™º¶VˆBD ®[Æ >M «V¸©∏‚¶ÁÈ WÆs ÔVƒºÂVÁB© √´k ÿkV‚¶V\_ ∂[Æ WÆ›]™V˙Ô^. ÔVƒºÂVF¬z ºk¬E[ Ôı|∏Ω¬Ô©√‚¶m. ∏≈Õ> c¶º™ºB BCG ®[Æ x›>|©ØE zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z¬ z›>©√‚| kÚ˛≈m. ùùŒÚ kaBVÔ ÔVƒºÂVF ŒaÕ>m, ®[Æ WD\]BVÔ ÷Ú¬zD ºÂ´›]_ *ı|D ∂>[ y ÂV¬zÔ^ g©∏ˆ¬ÔV, ÿ>[ ∂ÿ\ˆ¬ÔV º√V[≈ k·ÚD ÂV|Ôπ_ yı¶ g´D∏›m^·m. ÷DxÁ≈ ÔVƒºÂVF \ÚÕmÔÁ· ÿB_ÈVD #¬˛fl ƒV©∏‚| ∞©√t|D Ø>\VÔ cÚÿk|›m kÕ]Ú¬˛≈m, cÈ˛_ ÷[Æ HIV ºÂVF¬z ∂|›>√ΩBVÔ ˛ÚtBV_ ∞u√|D ÿ>VuƺÂVFÔπ[ kˆÁƒl_ ÷´ı¶Vk>VÔ ÷Ú©√m ÔVƒºÂVBVzD. 1

ÖûWÂW-p úTd¥¬Vô Y£dϪPm

ùùÔVƒºÂVÁB g∫˛È›]_ ΩR√˙zºÈVL¸ (Tuberculosis) ®[√V˙Ô^. ´V√˙‚ ºÔVi ®[≈ ÿ¤V˙\[ OıblˆB_ k_KÂ˙ 1882 ÷_ ÔVƒºÂVF¬ÔV™ ˛Út Á\¬ºÔVº√¬ΩˆBD ΩR√˙zºÈVL¸ (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) ®[Æ Ôı|√Ω›>V˙. ÔVƒ ºÂVÁB© ÿ√Vm ¤™∫Ô^ Ω.∏ ®[ÆD Ì©∏|kV˙Ô^. ùùΩ.∏ >V¬ÔV> \M> ÷™º\ ÷_ÁÈ. ∂Á´ t_oB[ gı|Ô”¬z x[A kVµÕ> \M>˙Ôπ[ c¶D∏_̶ Ω.∏ ÷ÚÕ]Ú©Á> AÁ>√Ωk g´VFflEÔ^ ÔV‚|˛[≈™. ∞Áw √¬ÔV´[, EÆk˙ ¡Úª RôdÏm Eßl×dLs ÿ√ˆBk˙ ®[Æ º√>D ÔV‚¶V\_ ∂Á™kÁ´•D Ω.∏ >V¬z˛≈m. ùùΩ.∏ ˛Út ÷´ı| WÁÈl_ \M> c¶o_ >∫˛ kVµ˛≈m. 90 sø¬ÔV| \M>˙Ôπ¶D Ω.∏ ˛Út √m∫˛B WÁÈl_ ÷Ú¬zD. \M>´m ºÂVÿBV]˙©A gu≈o[ >V¬z>K¬z √BÕm ∂¶∫˛ Œ|∫˛ c¶o_ ]∑¬Ôπ_ ®∫ÔVkm √m∫˛ kVøD. √m∫˛B WÁÈl_ ÷¬˛Út √_˛© ÿ√ÚÔ xBKk]_ÁÈ. cl˙ ∏Áw›]ÚÕ>VºÈ º√VmD ®[Æ \Á≈kVÔºk ÷ÚÕms|˛≈m. √V•D WÁÈ, ®[≈ ÷´ı¶Vkm WÁÈ, c¶o[ ºÂVF›>|©√Vu≈_ √ÈÍ™\Á¶•Dº√Vm ∞u√|˛≈m. HIV˛ÚtBV_ c¶_ √VmÔV©A ÷wÕ> ºÂVBVπÔπ¶D c¶º™ º>V[ÆD ºÂVF, Ω.∏ BVÔ›>VMÚ¬zD. ùùΩ.∏ ˛Út ÔVuÁ≈ tÔ°D sÚD∏ kVµk>V_, \M>ˆ[ OÁ´X´_Ôπ_>V[ ÷m x>o_ zΩºBÆD. g™V_ ÷´›>D kaBVÔ JÁ·l[ ƒÀ°Ô”¬z ÷Á¶lK^· ÿƒˆ©º´V ¸Á√™_ ]´k›]KD OÁwÕm k·ÚD. Ω.∏ JÁ·ÁB› >V¬zDº√Vm ∂Á> ÿ\MfiÁƒ‚Ω¸ ®[˛≈V˙Ô^. ®KDA¬z^º·•D ÷m kVøD. ù˛Út OÁwÕm ÿ√ÚzD ]∑ xΩfl∑ xΩflƒVÔ \V§s|k>V_ ∂Á> ΩR√˙¬˛^ ®[Æ g∫˛È ÿ√B´V_ Ω•√˙zºÈVL¸ ®[˛≈V˙Ô^. zflE¬ zflEBVÔ ÷Ú¬zD Ω.∏ ˛Út Œ[ƶ[ Œ[Æ ÿ>V¶˙ ƒ∫˛o 2

\V]ˆ Œ‚Ω¬ÿÔVı| ¿ı¶ ÷Áwº√VÈ ÷Ú¬zD. \M>› ]∑sKD ÷m Œ‚Ω¬ ÿÔVı| xı| xΩflƒVÔ ]∑Ák \Vu§s|D. ùùΩ.∏. ˛Útl[ ÿkπ©A≈› º>V_ ( cÁ≈) \M> ÿƒ_o_ Œ‚Ω¬ ÿÔV^”D kÁÔl_ ÷Ú¬˛≈m. ÷Á>© √B[√|›] vúLu êXm TôodÏmúTôÕ (cÁ≈ÁB \‚|D √B[√|›]) ¥© RôdLlThP ÖûWÂW-p ∏´V[L_, √VˆL_ c^· LôÔm Ø¥fÑLs √V¸›>˙ WÆk™ sfiQVMÔ^ g_ÿ√˙‚ ÔV_ÿ\‚ \uÆD ¬ÿkˆ[ (Albert callmetle, Camille Guerin) ®[º√V˙ Ω.∏¬ÔV™ >|©ØE \ÚÕÁ>› >BVˆ›>™˙. ÷k˙ÔÁ·› ÿ>V¶˙Õm ƒV_\[ ºk¬¸\[ (Salman waksman) ®[≈ ´iB sfiQVM ¸‚ÿ´©º¶VÁ\E[ ®[≈ gı‚Ω√BV‚Ω¬ \ÚÕÁ>¬ Ôı|∏Ω›>V˙. ∂m Ω.∏ ¬z E≈Õ> \ÚÕ>VÔ ºkÁÈ ÿƒF>m. ùnºvVWBVE‚, ÷>D©R‚¶V_, Á√´VE™Á\‚, \uÆD ˆ‡ √VD∏[ º√V[≈ ÿÔt¬Ô_Ô^ Ω.∏ÁB ∂a¬Ô kÕ> x>_ kˆÁƒ \ÚÕmÔ^. ÷kuÁ≈› ÿ>¶˙Õm 130 ÂV‚Ô^ ƒV©∏‚¶V_>V[ ºÂVF¬˛Út ∂a•D. ùùg©∏ˆ¬Ô ÂV‚| \¬Ô”¬z› º√V]B \ÚÕmÔ^ ˛Á¶¬ÔV>>™VKD, E˛flÁƒÁB √V]lºÈºB WÆ›]s|k>VKD, ∂∫ºÔ x>_ kˆÁƒ \ÚÕmÔ”¬z \EBV> Ω.∏ ˛ÚtÔ^ º>V[§s‚¶™. ÷m>V[ √ˆ\D ®[√m. ÿ√Ú∫Ì‚¶›]_ ÷B_√VÔºk s›]BVƒ\V™ ∏´Á¤Ô^ º>V[Ækmı|. ∂©√Ω› º>V[§B Ω.∏ ˛ÚtÔÁ· k·´ kVF©A >ÚDº√Vm ∂Ák \ÚÕmÔ·V_ ∂a¬Ô©√‚¶ ˛ÚtÔπ[ s‚|flÿƒ[≈ ÷¶›Á>© ∏Ω›m¬ ÿÔVı| W´D∏s|˛[≈™. ùù∂>[ ∏≈z kÕ> ÷´ı¶VD kˆÁƒ \ÚÕmÔ”¬zD ∂º> WÁÈ ∞u√‚| ÷[Æ ÁÔkƒx^· ®_ÈV \ÚÕmÔÁ·•D >VıΩ k·´¬ÌΩB ÿÔVΩB Ω.∏ ˛Út cÚkV˛s‚¶m. ÷¬˛Út >V¬˛B \M>ˆ[ WÁÈ 1960 ¬z x[ ÷ÚÕ> WÁÈ! ®Õ> \ÚÕ>VKD ∂kÁ´¬ z©√|›> xΩBVm. √´\√> sÁ·BV‚Ω_ ÿ√ˆB √VD∏[ kaBVÔ, mk∫˛B ÷¶›]uºÔ kÕm Wu˛≈ ÔÁ>BV˛s‚¶m. x>o_ EÈ \ÚÕmÔ”¬z›>V[ ®]˙©A ÷ÚÕ>m. ÷ÕWÁÈ \V§, ∞´V·\V™ \ÚÕmÔ”¬zD ®]˙©A ´ÔD k·˙Õm s‚¶m. (Multi drug Resistant – TB MDR –TB; Extensive Drug Resistant-TB, x DR -TB). sfiQVMÔ^ \Æ√Ω•D Ω ∏ ¬z A]B \ÚÕmÔÁ·› º>ΩB√Ω ÷Ú¬˛≈V˙Ô^. ®Õ> \ÚÕmD ÂV[z ºƒV>Á™ WÁÈÔÁ·¬ Ô¶Õ> ∏≈z>V[ \ÚÕm¬ ÔÁ¶¬z k´xΩ•D. x>_ WÁÈ Âfl∑›>[Á\ÁB ºƒV]¬zD WÁÈ, ÷Á> ‡º√¸ 1 (Phase 1) ®[√V˙Ô^. SQ109 ®[≈ \ÚÕm, WÁÈ Œ[Á≈› >VıΩs‚¶m. ∂>Vkm ÷m \M>Ú¬z s≠\_È ®[√m ÿ>ˆÕms‚¶m. ∂¶›m 3 WÁÈ >Vı¶ ºkı|D. ÷Õ> \ÚÕm Ω.∏ ˛Útl[ ÿkπ cÁ≈ÁB EÁ>¬zD zD ÿÔVı¶m. PA824 ®[≈ ÷[ÿ™VÚ \ÚÕm ÷´ı¶VD WÁÈÁB› >VıΩs‚¶m. ÷m \ÚÕ][ ]≈Á\ÁB ºƒV]¬zD Ô‚¶D (Efficacy). Ω.∏ ˛ÚtÁB¬ ÿÔV_KD xBuE cÈÿÔ∫˛KD x|¬˛s¶©√‚|^·m. Ω.∏ ˛ÚtÁB¬ ÿÔV_KD \ÚÕÁ> ®©√Ω¬ Ôı|∏Ω©√m? 3

zÚ‚¶VD º√V¬˛_ JoÁÔfl ƒVÆÔÁ·© √B[√|›]© √V˙©√m ŒÚkÁÔ. ºƒV>Á™fl ƒVÁÈl_ ˛ÚtÁB ƒ›m° ª¶Ô›]_ k·˙›m ∂ku§[*m JoÁÔfl ƒVÁ≈© ∏aÕm, ∂Ák ƒV˛[≈™kV ®[Æ √V˙©√m ŒÚkÁÔ. gl´D JoÁÔÔπ_ ŒÚ EÈ √È™π¬ÔÈVD. ∂π›>VKD ∂Ák \M> c¶DA¬z Œ›m¬ ÿÔV^”\V? ºÂVÁB¬ z\V¬z\V? ®[√m ∂|›> ºÔ^s. ùù÷[ÿ™VÚ ka ∞uÔ™ºk √B[√V‚ΩK^· \ÚÕmÔπ[ ∂Ω©√Á¶l_ cÚk ŒuÆÁ\•D √ıA ŒuÆÁ\•D cÁ¶B A]B ÿÔt¬Ô_ÔÁ·› >BVˆ›m √ˆºƒV]©√m. ùùJ[≈Vkm ka ˛Útl[ ˝[ÔÁ· g´VFkm. g´VFÕm ˛Útl[ √ÈÍ™›Á>¬ Ôı|√Ω›m, ∂>uz›>¬Ô ÿÔt¬ÔÁÈ \ÚÕ>VÔ >BVˆ©√m. ˛Útl[ √ÈÍ™ ∂Dƒ›Á> ÷Ȭz (¶V˙ÿÔ‚ Target) ®[√m kw¬ÔD. sfiQVMÔ^ √ºBV ÷[‡√˙º\‚Ω¬¸ ®[≈ A]B ÔD©R‚¶˙ clˆB_ JÈD Ω.∏ ˛Útl[ ¶V˙ÿÔ‚|ÔÁ·¬ Ôı|∏Ω¬Ô xBK˛≈V˙Ô^. ùù˛ÚtÔπ[ √ÈÍ™ ∂Dƒ›Á>¬ Ôı|∏Ω©√m ∂›>Á™ ®πB ÔVˆBt_ÁÈ. √ÈÍ™º\ ÿ>ˆBV>√Ω ∂Ák √È \VuÆ ]‚¶∫ÔÁ· >D ÁÔkƒD Ák›]Ú¬˛[≈™. ùùc>V´›]uz, ®[Á™ ®ø>s¶V\_ >|©√>uz ¿∫Ô^ ®[ º√™VÁk© ∏|∫˛¬ ÿÔV^·ÈVD. g™V_ ®[M¶D \VuÆ© º√™V Œ[≈_È √È; Á√lKD,ÁÔlKD Ák›]Ú¬˛º≈[ ®[√m ÿ>ˆÕ>V_ c∫Ô”¬z ∂]˙flEBVÔ ÷Ú¬zD. ∑>Õ]´\VÔ kVøD Oı˛ÚtÔ”D ÁÔƒkD √È \VuÆ kaÔÁ·•D >Õ]´∫ÔÁ·•D Ák›]Ú¬˛[≈™. ˜º™Vt¬¸, ÿ\‚¶√ºÈVt¬¸ ®[Æ A]B √È √ºBV ÷[‡√˙º\‚Ω¬¸ mÁ≈Ô^ ∏≈Õm^·™. ∂ku§[ c>sBV_ ˛ÚtÔπ[ ˝[ÔÁ·•D, A´>∫ÔÁ·•D ∏F›m c>§¶xΩ•D. ∂ku§[ c>sBV_ ˛ÚtÔπ[ \VuÆ ]‚¶∫ÔÁ·•D c√ˆ kaÔÁ·•D Ôı|∏Ω¬Ô xΩ˛≈m. ŒÚ ÔVÈ›]_ ºk¬L[ >BVˆ©√>uz© √B[√|›]B Ω.∏ ˛Út tÔ°D ƒVmkV™m. ∂>uz ºÂVF cı¶V¬Ô› ÿ>ˆBVm. ∂>[ ˝º™VÁ\, ºÂVF cı¶V¬zD Ω.∏ ºÂVF¬˛Útl[ ˝º™Vx¶[ Œ©∏‚¶º√Vm ƒVms_ ÷_ÈV> ŒÚ ¿ı¶ Ω ®[ ∞ √z] ÷]_ ÷ÚÕ>m. ∂Õ> Ω. ®[. ∞ √z]>V[ ˛Útl[ mÚ©Afl Ê‚¶VÔ ÷Ú¬zD ®[Æ ∂–\VM›m ∂Õ>› ]Áƒl_ gF°Ô^ º\uÿÔV^·©√|˛[≈™. ùùºkÆ EÈ˙ ˛Útl[ ÿƒ_oK^· ∂›>Á™ A´>∫ÔÁ·•D ∂ÈE©√V˙¬Ô ÷≈∫˛s‚¶™˙. ˛‚¶›>‚¶ 17 ÂV‚| sfiQVMÔ^ ys´\VÔ ÷Õ> xBuEl_ ÷≈∫˛•^·™V˙. ùùºÔVBDA›#ˆKD ®[–Á¶B ka¶›m>o[ º√ˆ_ Ω.∏ ˛ÚtÁB¬ ÿÔV_È EÈ gF°Ô^ ¶Õ>™. ∂]_ ÿ√[Lt¶ºvV_ ®[≈ ÿÔt¬ÔK¬z ∂ƒV›]B ]≈Á\ ÷Ú©√m ÿkπ©√‚¶m. ∂m Ω.∏¬z \‚|\_ÈV\_ ºkÆ √È ˛ÚtÔÁ·•D >Ô˙¬zD gu≈KÁ¶Bm ®[√m ÿ>ˆBkÕ>m. gl´¬Ô¬ÔV™ JoÁÔÔπ[ ºk]\∫ÔÁ· ÁÔl_ ÿ>V¶V\ºÈºB ÔDR‚¶˙ c>s•¶[ ÔË> Z]BVÔ Ω.∏ ˛ÚtÁB ∂a¬z\V ∂a¬ÔV>V ®[Æ g´V•D xÁ≈ÁB ÿÔt¬Ô_ ˜º™Vt¬¸ ®[√V˙Ô^. ÷Õ> xÁ≈ÁB•D ºÔVÁkl_ ÿƒ_s ˛Úi©∏ˆBV, \uÆD ]Ú\] ≠t>V º√V[≈ gFkV·˙Ô^ º\uÿÔVı| kÚ˛≈V˙Ô^. √[§¬ÔVFflƒ_, √≈Ák¬ÔVFflƒ_ x>oBÁk kÚD º√VzD Ω.∏ \‚|D kÕ>V_ º√VÔVm. ∂Á> ∂ı¶s¶V\_ >|©√m>V[ Â\m ƒ\˙›]BD. 4

Related Documents

Tuberculosis
May 2020 38
Tuberculosis
July 2020 29
Tuberculosis
May 2020 36
Tuberculosis
November 2019 26
Tuberculosis
July 2020 7
Tuberculosis
June 2020 14

More Documents from ""

Bioinformatics A Starter
April 2020 23
What Is New In Science
June 2020 16
Ewaste
April 2020 27
Ants
April 2020 17
Nano Radio
May 2020 18