The Linguistics System And Sounds Of Japanese

1

THE LINGUISTICS SYSTEM AND SOUNDS OF JAPANESE

Maqsood Hasni

Supervised by: HH Professor Dr. Masa Aki OKA Ansted University

2 CONTENTS 1- First to say 2- Bawar rahay 3- Japani aawazoon ka nazam 4-Hiragana main char tara ki aawazain 5- Katakana 6- Kanji 7- Romaji 8-Vowels ka estamal japani tak hi mehdood nahain 9- Digar zobanoon main vowels ka estamal 10-Dohray vowes ka estamal 11-Bunyadi aawazoon ka dohra estamal 12-Japani kay hawala say angraizi haroof-e-tahiji ka estamal 13-Mutbadal aawazain 14-Gher zoban main talafaz aur andaz-e-takalam ka masla 15-Japani main aawaz Kaaf ka estamal 16- Japani main aawaz Seen ka estamal 17- Japani main aawaz Tay ka estamal 18- Japani main aawaz Noon ka estamal 19- Japani main aawaz Hay ka estamal 20- Japani main aawaz Meem ka estamal 21- Japani main aawaz Yay ka estamal

3 22- Japani main aawaz Gaaf/Ghain ka estamal 23- Japani main aawaz Zaal/Zay/Zawad ka estamal 24- Japani main aawaz Dal ka estamal 25- Japani main aawaz Bay ka estamal 26- Japani main aawaz Sh (sheen) ka estamal 27- Japani main aawaz Chay ka estamal 28-Japani main bhari/Dhori aawaz Ky ka estamal 29-Japani main bhari/Dhori aawaz Jy ka estamal 30-Japani main jumlay ki tarkeeb-o-tashkeel 31-Desu ka estamal 32-Manfi banana 33-Sawaliya banana 34-Masu au mashita ka estamal 35-Khatabiya 36-Hal aur mustaqbal 37-Mukhtasar sawaliya 38- Subject girana 39-Kara ka estamal 40-Anata ka estamal 41-Particple aur baz alfaz ka estamal (wa, da, e, o, ato, no, doko, nan, Dare no, doko no, Nan no, ne, bakari, shi, kajiri, to) 42-Noun particples (Nara, -te, -tra, moshoi, -Ba, koto, mo, dore, kara, ni,

4 koko, tori, soko, asoko, ari, baai, toki 43-Hiragana aur compound arbi sounds 44-Hiragana and Japanese sound’s similirties 45-Other language have a natural link with Japanese sounds 46-Japani Zamair 47-Ata pata pochna 48-Ginti 49-Dinoon kay naam 50-Mahinoon kay naam 52-Oqaat 53-Mosam 54-Reshtay 55-Jisam kay hisoon kay naam 56-Simatain 57-Rang 58-Medical say motalaq estalahaat 59-Taleem 60 Fitrat 61-Khorak aur os say motalqaat 62-Dastar’khan aur bawarchi khana say motalqaayt 63-Shakhas say motalaq kah woh kaisa hai 64-Daftar

5 65-Ohday/Ranks 66-Jagain 67-Molkoon kay naam 68-Naam aur thaan thikana 69-Janwaroon kay naam 70-Omomi bool chaal 71-Ghusal khana 72-Sawaliya 73-Nasharyaat 74-Malazmat 75-Omomi estalahaat 76-Zaeqa (h) 77-Libas aur os motalqaat 78-Traifak 79-Esharay 80-Greetings 81-Chand alfaz marakabaat jo bool chaal main mohavray ka darja rakhtay hain 82-Ma’azrat/Sorry 83- Insani moods 84-Kuch zarori batain 85- Japani verb

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86-Doo moqalma (h) 87-Bool Chaal kay kuch jumlay

7 First to say In addition to one’s own language, to teach/learn a third language with the help of a second language is an extremely difficult task. There is the possibility of complexity of hundred types. The people of sub-continent take interest in Japan and Japanese, but they have to take the support of English. In this way very few people materialize their desire. Keeping this problem in view, I made an effort to learn Japanese in Hindustani (Urdu/Hindi, the 2nd speaking language of the world). In order to avoid the complexity Japanese script, Roman letters have been used. In this way the question of Arabic or Dav-Nagri script does not arise. The English translation of words has also been written for the learner facility. This is my humble effort to help those Pakistanis and Indians who want to learn Japanese but don’t find material in Hindustani (Urdu+Hindi). I think it is the only work in Hindustani (Urdu+Hindi) and it is the best way to learn it through Roman script. I have used Roman script for learning Japanese language so that both, Pakistanis and Indians can get benefit from it. After the survey of my effort; please bless me with your honorable opinion so that the process of learning/teaching Japanese language may be developed forward. Maqsood Hasni

8 BAWAR RAHAY Yah baat bahar’surat bawar rehni chahiay kay ibtadae aiyam main kisi bhi zoban ko os kay apnay majavza asoloon andaz, lehja, talafz aur digar lisani omoor kay tehhat nahin sikha ja sakta. Lazam hai kah os zoban ko apni madri zoban kay hawala say sikha ja’ay. Joon joon mashq mohavra aur malka hoti ja’ay ga motalqa zoban ka andaz aur lehja waghera ikhtayar karnay main aasaniaan paida hoti jaein gi. Mein japani ko Hinsdustani (Urdu+Hindi) zoban kay tehhat sikhnay/sikhanay ki koshesh karta hoon. Ho sakta hai mairi yah koshesh Japani say dilchaspi rakhnay waloon kay liay kisi kaam ki niklay.

9 Japani Main Aawazoon Ka Nazaam Kisi zoban ko saikhnay kay liay os kay aawazoon kay nazam ko janna/samjna bohat zarori hota hai. Essi tara kisi gher mulki say asal lehjay aur talafaz ki tovaqo rakhna ahmqanah se baat say zeyadah nahain. Eak Punjabi, Fitri toor par Punjabi main Angraizi ya koe bhi gher’madri zoban bolay ga. Lehaja kisi gher mulki ko manus na lagay aur talafaz say hat kar bolta daikh kar os ka mazaq orana darust baat na ho gi balkah os ki hosla afzae karnay ki zarorat hoti hai. Japani zoban bunyadi toor par doo tara kay harfi/traces nazam par mushtamil hai aur char tara kay sound system say wabastah hai: 1- Hiragana (Japani alfaz-o-estalahaat wagherah kay liay) 2- Kanakata/Katakana (mahajar esma aur estalahaat wagherakay liay mustamal hai, jab japani letter/sound/ lafz/traces na hoon to estamal hoti hai.) 3- Kanji (chini say asal ya hasab-e-zarorat tabdelioon kay sath daramdah sounds/traces) 4- Romaji (Romaji/roumanji, Roman Japani) Japani (Hiragana) eak kam soo (99) ba’qaedah aawazoon par ostawar hai.Es zoban main panch vowel estamal hotay hain eg a, i, u, e, o Japani lafaz main vowel daikhtay hain to haroof ki aawazoon ki surat kuch yoon banti hai: aiueo Vowels ki aawazain A

jis tara

father

baradar, baba, raba, abba, baqi, ashra

E

jis tara

seven, eleven

ejaz, erada, eltaja, elawa,

I

jis tara

Easter, treat

Irha, irtasda, eshara, irtaqa

O

jis tara

open, Pope

onhoon, oqaat, omra, omeed

10 U

jis tara

fruity moogle

obash, ubar, umbar, urdu

Heat, beat, seat Left, kept, wept Ink, brik, bring, thing, think Slop, drop, broke Up, soup, couple Alif E, a +e Au, Alif zabar wao Ke, Re (le) Ou O Her aawaz kay sath vawel wabastah nazar aata hai aur ossi kay hawalah say lafz aawaz paida karta hai.Vawels, goya alamati aawazain hain. Jaisay Arbi wagherah main zabar, zair, paish, shad, mad wagherah kaam main la’ay jati hain. Yah mufrad ya marakab aawazoon ko mutharak karti/rakhti hain. Dohri aawaz ki surat main alif ki aawaz paida karta hai.Yah moamlah Japani tak hi mehdood nahain. Es ko Roman Hidustani (Urdu+Hiondi) main malahza farmaein: Jeem + zabar + Bay = Jab Kaaf +zabar, Tay+ zabar + Bay = katab Meem +paish, Hay +z abar +Bay par shad + Tay= mohabbat (mohab+bat) Angraizi main bhi kuch mutharak aur kuch gher’muharak haroof kay hawalah say lafz tarkeeb-o-tashkeel pata hai. Maslan C+ i bara’ay zair + t, zair + y = city (siti)

11 Pass main pay + alif=pa + seen sakin Pas main pay zabar seen ka talafaz ho ga. Goya pehli surat main a alif ki aawaz day raha hai jab’kah dusray lafaz main a zabar ki aawaz day raha hai. Grass main a alif ki aawaz paida kar raha hai. Gras main a zabar ki aawaz paida kar raha hai.

12 HIRAGANA MAIN CHAR TARA KI AAWAZAIN Hiragana Main char tara ki aawazoon say kaam chalaya jata hai: 1- Mustaqil 2- Azafi 3- Munslik 4- Mutradif Bunyadi aawazain K, s, t, n, h, m, y, r, w g, z, d, b, p

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J

01

h kay hawala say f yaeni

01

fu

(c) ch kay hawala say chi, cha, chu, cho 01 Total

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Azafi aawazain: h marakab ho kar chay kay hawalah say mustamal hai. Chay Angraizi ki b’qaedah aawaz nahain hai. Angraizi main bhi c, h say marakab ho kar chay ki aawaz paida hoti hai ta’hum ch Kaaf ki bhi aawaz daiti hai. Likin yah Agraizi ka apna zati chalan nahain hai. Angraizi main c seen ki aawaz bhi daiti hai. Garman main ch, khay aawaz paidah karti hai. Munich, Zalicha, nicht). Yah andaz aur lisani asloob-o-ravaeya Angraizi main mojood nahain. Ba’az oqaat japani lafzoon kay lambay hijoon par etraz kiya jata hai, yah bila’wajah nahain. Es ka sabab lazoon main vowels kay estamal ki bohtaat hai jab’kah vowels aawazoon kay lehja kay lamba aur onch nich ka mujab bantay hain. Yah’hi nahain vowels aawazoon ko harkat bhi daitay hain.

13 Japani (Hiragana) main vowel kay estamal ki suratain kuch yoon hain: K- a, i, u, e, o S- a, u, e, o,i, mufrad aaawaz s kay sath estamal nahain hota balkah dohri/marakab aawaz sh kay sath estamal hota hai. Maslan shi T- a, e,o Jahaan vowel i kay estamal ki zarorat paish aati hai wahaan t, ch main badal jata hai. Dohri/marakab aawaz ch kay sath i ka estamal hota hai. Maslan chi u mufrad aawaz t kay sath estamal nahain hota balkah dohri aawaz ts kay sath estamal hota hai. maslan tsu N- a, i, u, e, o n mufrad bhi estamal main aata hai. Bawar rahay n ki aawaz khasusi tovajo chahiti hai: 1. t, ts d, n, ch, j say pehly aa ja’ay to n ki aawaz daita hai. 2. p, b, m say pehlay estamal ho to m ki aawaz paida karta hai. 3. k, g say pehlay estamal ki surat main ng ki aawaz daita hai. 4. Lafaz kay aakhar main aa ja’ay to French n ki se aawaz daita hai. Maslan Pain ba’maeni bread H- a, i, e, o H kay sath u aanay ki Surat main h ki aawaz f main tabdeel ho jati hai. Hu ki baja’ay aawaz fu estamal main aa’ay gi. M- a, i, u, e,o Y- a, u, o W- i

14 W, o ki aawaz bhi paida karta hai. Wi, we G- a, i, u, e, o Z- a, u, e, o i kay estamal ki surat main z, j main tabdeel ho jata hai. Maslan zi ki baja’ay ji D- a, u, e, o i ki surat main d, j main tabdeel ho jata hai. Maslan di day ji B- a, i, u, e, o P- a, i, u, e, o Dhori/marakab aawazoon ki surat main dusri aawaz kay sath vowel ka estamal kush es tara say hota hai. Maslan Ky- a, u, o Gy- a, u, o Sh- a, u, o Ch- a, u, o Hy- a, u, o Ph- a, u, o Ry- a, u, o Ny- a, u, o By- a, u, o My- a, o My kay sath u mustamal nahain. Vy- a, u, o

15 Sh- e Ch- e t-

i, u

ts-

a, i, e, o

d-

i, u

Dy- u J

e

F

a, i, e, o

u kay estamal ki surat main f, fy ban jata hai. Y e i, e, o kay estamal ki surat main y ki aawaz w main tabdeel ho jati hai.

16 KATAKANA Ba’Daisi Esma, estalahaat waghera kay liay khat kata kana estamal main laya jata hai. Kanakata/katakana ba’daisi esma estalahaat waghera kay liay mustamal hai aur es ka apna lisani nazam hai. Kanakata main taqriban Hiragana ki tamam aawazain milti hain ta’hum kuch azafi Aawazain bhi hain. Hazrat Maha’Aatma Budh Dav ki talimaat kay ulma ki taqriroon aur lekcharoon ko sonnay walay sath sath likhtay chally jatay thay. Es kay liay woh mukhtasar navisi (short hand) say kaam laitay thay. Yah andaz musalmanoon kay haan bhi ravaj rakhta tha aur yah rujhan kisi na’kisi surat main aaj bhi mojood hai. Kanakata man'yōgana kay tukroon par bunyaad rakhti hai jo “Budh mat” main mustamal thi aur ba’toor mukhtasar navisi estamal ki jati thi. Yah kahein hiragana aur kabhi kanakata ko, hijoon kay hawalah say obharti hai. Arab, dunyaan ki her valait main gay aur wahaan apnay lisani asraat muratab kiay. Goman kiya ja sakta hai kah Kanakata/katakana lafaz Araboon ki hi dain ho. Zara ghoor karain: Kana kata

ka na ka ta

Kata kana

ka ta ka na

Kana katiban

ka na ka ti ba (n)

Kana katiba

ka na ka ti ba

Mafaheem kay itbar say bhi yah donoon bari haad tak eak dusray kay qareeb lagtay hain. Kata kana aawazain Jo Hiragana kay elawa hain: V va, vi, vu, ve, vo Vya, vyu, vyo F fa, fi, fe, fo Fyu

17 T ti, tu Tyu Tsa, tsi, tse, tso Di, du Dyu S she Je Che Ch, t kay hawala say yaeni chi Azafi main ch say cha, chu, cho The historical kana spelling The pronounciation of Japanese words have changed a lot since the Heian period. Although students of classical Japanese usually read the old texts in modern pronounciation, they still have to understand the old spelling, in order to recognize words written with hiragana. For example, the word for "river" in classical texts, if written in kana, is spelled kaha. It would be kawa in modern pronounciation. The word "today", kyou, was written as kehu in old Japanese. Fortunately, we rarely need to find out the old kana spelling from the modern word. We usually see a word in the old spelling, and we need to derive its modern form, in order to understand the text; - this is much easier. We have to follow the same changes as spelling changed during the centuries: h becomes w in the middle of words, and later w disappeared in all positions except before a, as in kaha -> kawa ( river ) kohi -> koi ( love ) mahe -> mae ( before ) In other words, except when they appear at the beginning of a word, ha, hi, hu, he, ho are read as wa, i, u, e, o respectively.

18 ou and au become oo (long o). tahu -> tau -> too ( tower") This rule does not apply for verbs ending in u, eg. au ( to meet ). iu becomes yuu: shihu -> shiu -> shuu ( "collection", eg. Kokinshuu) eu becomes yoo: kehu -> keu -> kyoo wi becomes i, we becomes e, wo becomes o: wido -> ido ( well ) tsuwi ni -> tsui ni ( finally ) wokashi -> okashi ( sweet )

19 Kanji Yah china say daramda aawazain hain. Yaqeen say nahain kaha ja sakta kah yah kab china say daramad hoein aur Japan main mustamal ho gaein. En aawazoon main na’sraf nahvi zarorat kay hawala say tabdiliaan ki gaein balkah yahaan ki zaroratoon aur aalat-e-notaq aur moawan aalat-e-notaq kay hawala say tabdilioon kay tehhat qabola giya. Kuch kanji traces bhi tarashay ga’ay. Kanji traces ki tadaad saikroon main chali jati hai. Kanji traces par mushtamil alfaz ko Kanji character kay toor par parha jana chahiay. Kanji kay moamla main teen batain zaihan nasheen rahain: 1. Kanji is one of three characters used in the Japanese language. 2. Kanji is an ideographic character. 3. Each Kanji letter symbolizes its meaning.

20 Romji/Romanji/Roumaji Dusri zobanoon ki tara japani kay haroof-e-tahiji nahain hain. Izhar kay liay ashkal/tracs ka estamal hota hai. Romji/Romanji/Roumaji dar’asal roman rasam-ul-khat hai. Japani aawazoon ko Roman haroof kay zareay ada karnay ki koshesh ki jati hai. Es main shak nahain kah es hawala say ho’ba’ho aawazain ada nahain ho patein likin kisi haad tak kaam chal jata hai aur gher Japani es khat/lipi kay zareay Japani sikh saktay hain ya kisi haad tak izhar-e-khayal mumkin ho jata. Yah baat bhi yaad rakhni chahiay kah gher zoban ka shakas asal lehja ya nahv ekhtayar nahain kar pata. Yah masla Japani tak hi mehdood nahain kisi gher zoban ko os kay lehjay main bola nahain ja sakta yah aawazoon ki kami baishi aur aalat-e- notaq kay baes hota hai.

21 Vowels ka estamal Japani tak hi mehdood nahain: Vowels ka estamal aisi koe nae baat nahain. Dunyaan ki dusri zobanoon main bhi en ka estamal bari aam si cheez hai. Roman Hinsustani (Urdu+Hindi) bhi yahhi atwar liay howay hai. Yahhi nahin Japani marakab aawazain Hindustani (Urdu+Hindi) main bhi mojood hain. Roman Hindustani (Urdu+Hindi) Akhlaq, ibtada (i, a), la (ra), ta, da Bahar, bohat ba, ha, bo Pasand pa, sa Tajar, tarik ta, ja, ri Sabat, salasah sa, ba, la (ra) (i, r main badal jata hai) Say, seen, sawad kay liay s ka estamal hota hai. Tamam’tar, tarkhana ta, ma, na Kha (khay) japani main mojood nahain. Jabar, ejaz ja, ba Charinda, choker cha, ri, da, cho, ke Hakam, hakeem ha, ka, ke Ee, ii main tabdeel kar daitay hain. Kharij, khabar kha, ri, ba Dawa, dolat da, wa, do la (ra) Zail, zaat

za

Dool, darna do, na Raba, ajiz

ra, ba, ji

Mijigaan, majda mi, ji, ga, ma, da

22 Aaru aarat ru, ra (array) Salam, sazinda sa, la (ra), zi, da Shair, shokuat sha, sho, ku Sabar, sada sa, ba, da Zaef, zarab za, ra Taqat, taraz ta, ka (qa), ra Zulm, zalim zu, za, li (ri) Alim, aqal li (ri), ka (qa) Ghalib, ghum gha, ghu, li (ri) gh (ghain) Japani main nahian hai gy qareeb ki aawaz hai. gya, gyu Fajar, farman fa, ja, ma Kitab, karigar ki, ta, ka, ri, ga Gowah, gajar ga, wa, ja Mohabat, markiz mo, ha, ba, ma, ki Narak, naranji na, ra, ni ji Howa, wabastah ho, wa, ba, ta Hiras, havas hi, ra, ha, va Ja’ay ja Sadi, shadi sa, di, sha Parday, qarzay pa, da, ka (ka), za Y kay liay i bhi mustamal hai jaisay daykh say daikh. Dai+kh, dakahi ya dakah

23 Digar Zobanoon main vowels ka estamal Arbi Tilka

ti, ka

Haza

ha, za

Rehman

re, ma

Zalika

za, li (ri), ka

Motaqeen

mo, ta, qe

Angraizi This

thi

That

tha

Fat

fa

Rat

ra

Match

ma

Punjabi Sakray javaan (sadqay jaoon) sa, ra, ja, va (dohra estamal) Monda

mo, da

Boha/bowa

bo, ha, wa

Bari

ba, ri

Ocha

cha

Bocha

bo, cha

Sucha

su, cha

Locha

lo (ro) cha

24 Shishi

shi

Farsi Mijgaan

mi, ga

Mijda

mi, da

Sandli

Sa, li (ri)

Khalvat

kha, va

Namae

na, ma

Mivati Jalso

ja, so

Phaij

ha

Pharaib

ha, ri

Honslo

ho, lo (ro)

Baser (basher)

ba, se

German Ausser (except, besides)

se

Mit

(with)

mi

Nach

(to, after)

na

Seit

(since, for)

se

Juni

(June)

ju, ni

Bulgharian Chao

cha

Dovizdane

do, vi, da, ne

25 Kak si

ka, si

Razbiram

ra, bi

Kitayski

ki, ta

Turki Merhaba

me, ha, ba

Git

gi

Bak

ba

Dix

di

Juin

June

26 Dohray Vowel ka estamal Aa Okaasan

maan

mother

acha

good

hawa

air

film

movie

Bara

big

Ii Ii Uu Kuuki Ee Eega Oo Ookii

27 Bunyadi Aawazoon Ka Dohra Estamal pp Angraizi kay lafz shopping ki tara hai. Maslan Ippun

eak minute

Tt Angraizi kay lafz cutter ki aawaz daita hai. Maslan . Kitte

mohar/tikat

stamp

Ss Angraizi kay lafz dressing ki aawaz daita hai". Maslan . Massugu

straight

Kk Angraizi kay lafz booking ki aawaz daita hai. Maslan Yokka

mahinay ka chotha din

forth day of the month

'i' aur 'u' kamzoor vowels hain. Aksar oqaat en ka talafz nahain hota. Maslam Desu u ka talafz nahain ho ga (des, dess) waisay es ka yah hija ho ga de su Consonant aawazain Angraizi ki tara hi ada hoti hain ta’hum mamoli sa faraq mad-e-nazar rehna chahiay: R ka talafaz markab L aur D main mad-e-gham ho jatai. F ka talafz F ki tara hi hota hai likin aksar es ki aawaz h say milti julti ho jati hai

28 JAPANI KAY HAWALA SAY ANGRAIZI HAROOF-E-TAHIJI KA TALAFAZ Romanji (romaji) kay hawalah say gher japanioon kay liay en aawazoon kay talafaz ka janna bohat zarori hai. katakana/kanakata kay hawalah say bhi en par qudrat hona lazam hai. A haraf mojood nahahain likin motalaq ho kar aawaz paida karta hai. Maslan Hayai

fast

taiz

Kurai

dark

gehra/andhaira,

Fukai

deep

gehra

Suita

empty

khali

bī

B

Mutbadil talafaz bē C shī baz’oqat sī tafaz daita hai D

dī

Mutbadil talafaz dē E

ī

F

efu

G

jī

H

eichi ya etchi

29 I

ai

J

jē ya jei

K

kē ya kei

L

eru

M

emu

N

enu

O

ō

P

pī

Mutbadil talafaz pē Q

kyū

R

āru

Punjabi main ray ki mutbadal aawaz laam hai. Maslam Professor say profaisal, charger say chargal S

esu

T

tī

T, chī ka talafaz bhi daita hai mutbadil talafaz tē

30 U

yū

V

vi baz oqaat bui talafaz karta hai

W

daburyū Daburu talafaz karta hai

X

ekkusu (talafaz ekkuss)

Y

wai

Z

zetto, zeddo, zi Jī kay talafaz main estamal hota hai

Punjabi aur mivati main z ka tabadal ji bhi hai jis tara ziyada’tar ko jiyada’tar bhi boltay hain.

31 MUTBADAL AAWAZAIN To mutbadal pt Ve mutbadal be/bu

oven

o'bun

Vi mutbadal bi

video say bideo, vitamin say bitamin

Punjabi, Gojri, aur Mivati main bhi bay ka tabadal wao hai. Jaisay: Bai’chara say vachara, basna say vasna waghera Pi mutbadal ji Q mutbadal ku Se mutbadal zu Co mutbadal ko (kaaf) Ee mutbadal ii Poo mutbadal pu Ice mutbadal ju

price

pruju

Ju mutbadal ka

juice

kaju

Own

down

daun mutbadal aun

C mutbadal k

cola

kora

cola

kora

Ge mutbadal ji Oo mutbadal u. Th mutbadal su

F mutbadal p L mutbadal r M mutbadal n

32 Whi

while

Cei mutbadal

shu

Av

Mutbadal ab

Th

Mutbadal su

Y

Mutbadal Re (ii)

Di

Mutbada ji

Fi

Mutbada hi

radio say rajio

33 Gher'madri zoban main talafaz aur andaz-e-takalam ka maslah Aisa mumkin hi nahain kah eak pukhtoon, Punjabi Punjabi main bolay. Yah os ki fitri majburi hai kah woh Punjabi (lehjah, andaz talafaz aur sound system kay hawalah say) pushto main bolay. Es hawalah say yah kehna kah kisi dusri zoban ko os kay andaz lehja, talafaz aur sarf-o-nahv kay motabaq bola jana chahiay, nahaet hi ghalt aur ahmqanah se baat hai. Eak arsah ki riyazat aur os zoban kay bolnay waloon kay sath reh kar kuch na’kuch sodh bodh aa sakti hai ya aa janay kay emkan ko rad nahain kartay. Ba’surat-e-degar es gher zeman kay liay apni se kosesh zaroor ki ja sakti hai. Kisi dusri zoban ko sekhnay kay liay os ki aawazoon ko janna bohat zarori hota hai. Baz haroof daikhnay main baray apnay aur manus say mehsus hotay hain likin oon ki aawazain, oon ki haiat say qate mukhtalif hoti hain. Yah moamlah kisi eak zoban tak mehdood nahain. Hind ki bohat se zobanain Urdu ki se aur os kay hum’rakab chalti nazar aati hain likin bool chal main wohi alfaz door kay nazar aatay hain. Essi tara hind ki bohat se zobanain Arbi aur Farsi se motasar hain. Oon main un’gint en donoon zobanoon kay alfaz nazar aatay hain. Yah mahajar alfaz Haiti etbar say assal kay motabqat rakhtay hoon likin mafhomi ya en ki daisi zoban main adjustment Arbi farsi say qate mukhtalif hoti hai. Ba’toor missal chand alfaz daraj kar raha hoon: Hoor: Arbi main jama hai likin hind ki zobanoon main es ka estamal wahid kiya jata hai. yahhi nahain es ki jaeain bhi banae jati hain ie horain, horoon, horaan wagherah Ahwal: Arbi main jama hai likin yahaan yah wahid estamal hota surat ahwal yah hai kahö Asami: jama-ul-jama hai likin essay wahid estamal kiya jata hai. es ki mazeed jamain banae jati hain. Asamiaan, asamioon waghera Jaloos: ko assal say qate alag mafaheem main liya jata hai. Tamasha kay sath bhi yahhi moamlah paish hai. Zimah ko zomah bola jata hai Khalvat, khilvat bhi bolnay sonnay main aata hai. Daisi alfaz kay sath Arbi Farsi alfaz jur kar marakbaat banatay hain.Araz karnay ka matlab yah hai kah kisi gher mulki/mahajar kay haan zoban ka miyar, talafaz,

34 andaz assal kay motabaq nahain rehta. Dr. Zakar Naek bohat hi achi Angrazi boltay hain aur bohat baray alim bhi hain likin oon ka lehjah, talafaz aur andaz Abdul Rehman Green ka sa nahain ho sata. Woh Hindi main hi Angraizi bolain gay. Hussain ye her doo mutzakra hazraat say hat kar Angraizi boltay hain. Yahhi surat dusray donoon sahiban ki hai. Woh koshesh kay ba;vajood Dr. Zakar Naek kay andaz, lehgay aur talafaz main kisi toor Angraizi nahain bool saktay. Goya kisi dusray say wohhi lehjah, andaz, talafaz wagherah ki towaqo bohat bari ghalti say kam nahain. German zoban kay haroof-e-tahiji Angraizi kay say hain likin oon ki sounds Angraizi ki se nahain hain. German zoban ko sekhnay kay liay assal sounds say aaghi zarori hai likin oon hi sounds main onhain bolna shaed eak arsah ki reyazat mashq aur german logoon kay sath bolnay say mumkin ho sakay ga. Kehnay ka matlab yah hai kah hum German zoban ko Angraizi/Urdu/Punjabi wagherah main hi bool saktay hain aur yah hamari lisani aur aalat-e-notaq ki majburi hai. Mein kafi ghoor-o-fikar kay baad es natijay par poncha hoon kah samjhnay ki doo satain hain: 1- Likhny aur parhnay say, likha parha samjh main aata hai. 2- Sonnay say bola samjh main aata hai. Zarori nahain, jo bolta ho woh likh parh bhi sakhta ho ya jo likhna parhna janta hai woh bool bhi satkta ho. Es baat aur opar ki morozaat kay hawalah say en donoon hawaloon kay tanazur main apni ya Angraizi talafaz, lehjah aur andaz main sikheay. Jab kabhi moqa milay bool aur son kar samjheay. Yah parha likha os waqt kaam aa’ay ga.

35 AAWAZ “KAAF” KA JAPANI MAIN ESTAMAL Aawaz Kaaf (k) Bar-e-Sagher ki tamam zobanoon, Arbi, Farsi aur Maghib ki taqriban tamam zobanoon main pae janay wali aawaz hai. Japani main bhi yah aawaz mojood hai. Japani main her aawaz kay sath vowel estamal hota hai. Yahaan Kaaf kay hawala say Urdu aur japani main es aawaz ki kuch misalain darj kar raha hoon ta; kah Japani sikhnay kay hawala say es aawaz ko samjha ja sakay. Ka

Kala (Japani main laam ki mutradaf aawaz r hai Japani main yah Kara bola ja’ay ga) Larka (raruka), laraka (raruka), bharka (baruka), tarka (taruka), Kaghaz Kaghan, kala sha kako (naam amarja) Waghera Japani zoban say misalain:

Kaju

ras

juice

Sakana

machli

fish

Kaeru

maindak

frog

Karasu

kavwa

crow

Kawa

darya

River

Kami

kaghaz

writing paper

Kagaku

science

science

(Alag say ka, ka talafa ka hi ho ga jab’kah kisi lafz main aawaz ka ki aawaz kha ho gi)

36 Japani main sawaliya bananay kay liay aakhar main ka barha daitay hain. Goya yah aaeaz ba’toor sawaliya bhi estamal main aati hai. Ki Larki (raruki), Khirki, baraqi Urdu Punjabi Arbi aur Farsi main bara kaaf (Kaaf qalam wala) aur chota kaaf (kaaf kitab wala) mustamal hain. Taraqi, Taraki, jhiki, Burki, harki, barki, Saraeki Japani zoban say misalain: Yuki

paharoon par parnay wali baraf snow

Kinoo

guzra kal

yesterday

Hagaki

khat

post card

Tokidoki

basa oqaat

some time

Ku ku darasal Q ki aawaz hai Kumori

Matla abar aalood

cloudy

Kusa

ghas

grass

Tonikaku

bahar’toor

anyway

Kuro

kala

black

Ke Yah ki, ki mutrasdaf aawaz hai ta’hum ki/kay ki bhi aawaz sonnay ko milti hai. Ee ki aawz bhi sonnay ko milti hai.

37 Neeka, keno Magar yah rovaeya mustaqil nahain. Kaisar Kega

zakhmi

injury

Kensa

tibi moaenah

medical check up

Kettou

blood, sugar level

Ko Konch, korma Os ko bola lao. Koza, kocha, kook ko ba ko Japani zoban say misalain: Kosho

kali Mich

black pepper

Kora

Mashroob

Cola

(Co ka mutradaf Ko, la ka mutradaf ra: cola/kora) Kotoshi

es saal

Neko

billi

this year cat

Urdu main kaaf ki mazeed aawazain jo Japni main nahain hain: Kur:

kursi

Qarza

Batoor lahqa: dinkar Din karnay wala, parbharkar Roshni karnay wala, atakar ata karnay wala kay/kai hai)

larkay, tarkay, qarzay (kaaf qalam wala Japani main nahain

38 Batoor lahqa:

moridkay (jaga ka naam), badhaekay (jaga ka naam)

Mufrad estamal: Turk, tark, bai Bak, sarak, baraq waghera

39

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “SEEN” KA ESTAMAL Japani main say, seen aur sawad kay liay koe alag say aawazain mukhsus nahain hain. En tinoon kay liay s ka hi estamal hota hai. Vowel kay sath es kay estamal ki kuch yah suratain pae jati hain: Sa Urdu

bharosa, dalasa hansa, hinsa, bosa Sabat, salsi, salasi, aasasa, sarwat Saaf, safa, khasa, khas, asa (a for ain yaeni aa)

Arbi

Asadon A ko aa parha ja’ay, ba’maeni shaiar (lion)

English

saw

Japani Sangatsu

March

March

Kusa

ghas

grass

Sake

k liay

Sake

Sarada

salad

Salad

Su Urdu

surkha, surkhroo, suraj, surkhaab Surat

English

supply, super, surplus, surgeon

Japani Kozegusuri

thandi dawa

cold medicine

40 Supu

saboon/saban

Sugu

Soup

jald

soon

Se Urdu

sena, sekha, rassi, sesa, tarase, odase, dase Aase Salase

English

seen, sew

Japani Senaka

pusht

back

Sekai

dunyaan/jahan

world

So Urdu

Soya, soja, sonpna, sokha

English

sorry, sow, Swab Sawab, (Sawad kay sath bhi yah lafz dusray mafaheem main mustamal hai) Sora, soor

Japani Sora

aasman

sky

41

Japani main Aawaz “Tay” ka estamal Ta Urdu

Ghata, ta’at, taap, boota

Ashita

aata kal

tomorrow

Watashi

Mein/maira

I

Atama

Sar

head

Kata

kandha

shoulder

Tabemono

Khana/khorak

food

Shita

zoban

tongue

Te Urdu

rote, bote, khote

English

teeth

Anate

aap, tum, tou

you/him

(Singular, normal) Tensai-teki

Zahein

Genius

Jitensha

Bicycle

Cycal

Totemo

bohat, ziyada, kafi

very

Hajimete

pehli martabah

for the first time

To Atode Ater/later on

phir/baad/ baad azaan/es kay baad/phir

42 Kito

shamaal

north

Kotoshi

es saal

this year

Toriniku

Bawarchi’khana

kitchen

Tomago

Anday

eggs

Totemo

bohat,ziyada

very

Jahaan vowel i kay estamal ki zarorat paish aati hai wahaan t, ch main badal jata hai. Dohri aawaz ch kay sath i ka estamal hota hai. Maslan chi Chi Urdu

Bavarchi, baghichi, Karachi, sanchi, daigchi

Japani Guchi

darwaza

gate

Chintsuzai

Dard Kush (dawa)

pain killer

Hachi

Aath (8)

Eight

U mufrad aawaz t kay sath estamal nahain hota balkah dohri aawaz ts kay sath estamal hota hai. Maslan: Ts u

tsu

Tsuki

chand

moon

Netsu

bokhar

fever

Tsukue

desk

desk

43

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “NOON” (N) KI KA ESTAMAL Na Urdu main masdar bananay kay liay ziyada’tar estamal hota hai. Maslan Jana, pina, khana, sona, sikhna, daikhna, chakhna waghera Aawaz na nahi kay sabqay kay toor par bhi Urdu main estamal hoti hai. Maslan NaÆ’aez, na’rawa, na’gihaan, na’cheez. Nakara waghera Japani

Hana

naak

nose

Onaka

mehdha

stomach

Hana

phool

flower

Natsu

mosam-e-garma

summer

Nabe

bartan/kabi/rakabi

pot

Naze

kayoon

why

Ni Urdu

Pani, rani, aani, rovani, sani, rabani, daiwarrani, sohani, morni waghera

Japani

Nishi

Maghrib

Kurinikku

west Clinic

Niku

Gosht

meat

Tonikaku

bahar’toor

anyway

Oniisan

Bara bhai

elder brother

Nigai

talakh

Bitter

44

Ne Netsu

bukhar

fever

Neko

billi

Cat

Mune

sinah

chest

Neru

Sona

to sleep

No Kanojo

N

woh (orat) khatoon

she

Kanojyo

os, ossay

her (fm/moanas)

Kudomono

Phal

fruit

Mufrad bhi estamal main aata hai. Shinbun

akhbar

Denwa

newspaper telephone

Kaizen

behtari

improvement

Shuushin

zindgi bhar/ta’hayat

lifetime

Shooshin

taraqi

promotion

Kensa

(tibi) moaenah

(medical) check

Yaad rahay n ki aawaz khasusi tovajo chahiti hai: 1. T, ts d, n, ch, aur j say pehly aa ja’ay to n ki aawaz daita hai. 2. P, b, m say pehlay estamal ho to m ki aawaz paida karta hai. 3. K, g say pehlay estamal ki surat main ng ki aawaz daita hai. 4. Lafaz kay aakhar main n aa ja’ay to French n ki se aawaz daita hai. Maslan

45 Pain ba’maeni bread JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “HAY” KA ESTAMAL Ha Haar jeet, raha, saha, haki Haji, hali, ha’al, hakam Ha

dant

Hana

naak, phool

tooth

nose, flower Haru

bahaar

spring

Hare

Mosam saaf hona

Clear

Hayaku

jald

early

Hanashi

baat cheet

talk

Hako

baksa

box

Hi

aag

fire

Higashi

mashriq

east

Hiru

doopehar

noon

Hitsuji

Sheep

bakri

Zehi

her tara say/her tariqah say

Hi Siyahi, tabahi, kotahi

By all means He

46 Hetana

gher hunar mand

unskillful

Ho Hondi, chaho, raho, kaho Hosuteru

hastal

hostel

Hotondo

ziyadah’tar

almost

Hogaraka na

lutaf andoz/jo maza day/jis say haz milay

Hosoi

ondah

Hidoi

khoof’naak

Cheerful

Slender/ fine terrible

H kay sath u aanay ki surat main h ki aawaz f main tabdeel ho jati hai. Maslan Keefu

sotila baap

step father

Shufu

Talib-e-ilm

Student

Naifu

chaqo

knife

Furoba

ghusal’khana

bathroom

Fukai

gehra

deep

47

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “MEEM” KA ESTAMAL Ma Marna, maju, mama, khurma, surma Atama

Sar

Yama

Pahar Mountain

Tomago

Anday

head

eggs

Mi Sawami, asami, aarami, garmi, nami Kami

hair

baal

Mimami

janoob

south

Umi

behar, Sumondar

Ocean

Mikisaa

miksar

mixsar

Michi

gali

streat

tegami

chithi/khat

letter

Mu Mune

sinah

Aisukuriimu Samui Mudana

chest icecream

sard/thanha

cold

bay’kar , na’kara

useless

etla

information

Me Infomeeshon

48 Tsumetai

thand

cool

Majime

sanjida/shadeed

serious

Tsumetai

sard

cold

gozaimasu!

Bohat bohat mobarak

Congratulations!

Gomennasai!

Mujhy moaf kijiay ga

Excuse me!

Mo Momun, moja, mojab, moch Tomodachi

Dost/sajan/baili

friend

Kumo

badal

cloud

Kumori

matla abar aaloda

cloudy

Kudomono

Phal

fruit

Sukinatabemono

pasandidah khana

favorite food

Omoshiroi

(jis say) lutaf mil raha ho

Totemo

Waqae/haqeqi

reall

Totemo

bohat

very

amusing

49

JAPANI MAIN AAWZ “YAY” KAESTAMAL Ya Urdu:

Yaqoot, Yara, Yaar, Boya, Soya, Sarya

Japani Hiyakedomi

Suraj ki garmi say bachnay wala mehlool Sun block loction

Yama

Pahar

Mountain

Hayaku

Jald

Early

Yakan

Kaitl

Kettle

Yabui

Sasta/kamina

Cheep

Hiyasu

Refrigerator

Yu Yubi

Ongli

Finger

Yuki

Baraf

Snow

(Paharoon par parnay wali) Yubiwa

Angothi

Ring

Fuyu

Mosam-e-sarma

winter

Haiyu

ada’kar/adakara

Actor (m/f)

Yubi

ongli

finger

Note: Y kay sath i, e, o Kay estal ki surat main Y ki aawaz W main badal jati hai. Maslan

50 Yo (wo) Yoru

Raat

Night

Yoku

Aksar/omoman

often

Oyogu

Tairna

to swim

Yokushitsu/furoba ghusal’khana Yogensha/Uranaishi Yome

Nabi

baho/baitay ki bivi

bathroom Prophet daughter in law

51

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “GAAF/GHAIN” KA ESTAMAL Ga Urdu: Jaga, bhaga, girja Nagha, ghaza, darogha Charghah Nigatsu

February

Higashi

mashriq

east

Kega

zakhmi

injury

Kagaku

Sanence

science

Bungaku

Adab

Literature

Hagaki

khat

post card

Gi Urdu:

Sogi, rogi Ghi

Kaigi next

Baghi, murghi, girja

mulaqaat, bahmi baat cheit

conference/meeting agla tsugini

Gu Massugu

saidha

straight ahead

Gure

Sarmae

gray

Gure

Sarmae

gray

Sugu

khatam karna

right away

Guchi/ Guto

darwaza

Gate

52

Ge Sengetsu

pechlay mahinay

last month

Raigetsu

aglay mahinay

next month

Sagete

Thali

plate

Go Urdu: Bhago, jago Ghoor, ghotah Gogo

Shaam

P.M

Gozen-chuu

subh kay waqt

in the morning

Tomago

Anday

eggs

Gohan

Chawal

rice

Ringo

Saib

apple

Gosorin

gas station (CNG Pump)

gas station

53

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “ZAAL/ZAY/ZAWAD” KA ESTAMAL Za Urdu: zaar Urdu: zaecha Urdu: raza Urdu: qarza Onzarokku

Ba’ma baraf/baraf kay sath

with ice

Zasshi

risalah

magazine

Sar Dard

headach

Zu Zuttsu Eizu

AIDS

Chiizu

paneer

cheese

Mizu

Pani

Water

Kotozuke

paigham

message

Ze Kaze

hawa

wind

Gozen

subh

A.M

Zenbu

sab/tamam/sara/pora

all

Zehi

her tara say/her tariqah say/her hawala say by all means

Zo

54 Urdu: zo’maemi, zoljalal Urdu: Zo’fishaan, wazo i kay estamal ki surat main z, j main tabdeel ho jata hai yaeni zi ; ji main tabdeel ho jata hai. Maslan Ji Urdu: Haji, baji, kaji, naji Ojisan

taya, chacha, mamoon, phupha

uncle

Jibunde

kisi kay liay

for oneself

55

JAPANI MAIN AAWZ “DAL” KA ESTAMAL Da Tomodachi

Dost/sajan/baili

friend

Daidai/orinji

Malta/sangtara rang

Orange (color)

Daigaku

College/university

Dandan

aahistah aahistah

gradually

Sarada

Salaad

salad

De Atode

baad

after

Deeta

malomaat, tafselaat

data

Denwa

telephone

Bideo

video

Itudemo

Kisi waqt bhi

any time

Deguchi

Khulna

Exit

Midori/guriin

Sabz

green

Doyoubi

Gard

dirt

Kudomono

Phal

fruit

Doco/doko

kahaan

where

Donate

koon

who

Dochira

Koon’sa

which

Do

56 i ki surat main d, j main tabdeel ho jata hai. Ji Ojisan (odisan ki baja’ay ojisan) ba’maeni taya, chacha, mamoon, phupha (uncle) Saji

chamcha

spoon

Gojiran

Godzilla

Rajio

radio

Onaji

waisa/os sa/ka’sa

same

57

JAPANI MAIN “BAY (B)” KA ESTAMAL Ba Urdu:

Baba, baja, baji, bapu, babo, baqi

Arabi:

Tobah, kabah

Obaasan

dadi/nani

grandmother (vocative, others, stranger)

Shibaraku Sbarashii Konbanwa 4pm on

thoray waqt kay liay/lumha bhar kay liay hiran’kon shaam kay 4 bajay

or a while wonderful Nighttime

ongli

finger

Bi Bibi, babi Yubi Bitamin Yuubinyoku

vitamin Dak khana

Terebi Sabishii Biza

Post Office television

Tanhae

lonely visa

Burun

Bhora

brown

Ibuprofen

Dard ki goli ka naam

brufen

Bungaku

Adab

Literature

Bu

Buchoo

Manager General

Kurabu Haburashi

Nightclub toothbrush

dant saaf karnay wala bursh

58 Shinbun

akhbar

newspaper

Bengoshi

Wakeel

Lawyer

Benrina

mofeed

useful

Nabe

bartan/kabi/rakabi

pot

Be

Bo Urdu:

Bolo, bojho

Pushto:

bobae (Bari Behan)

Oboeru

Yaad rakhna

to remember

59

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “PAY” KA ESTAMAL Pa Pasupo'to

passport

Apato/doeringu

Apartment

Pan

Roti

bread

Pi Asupirin

aspirin

Enpitsu

Pencil

Tenpi/ (o'bun)

oven

Pu Koppu

glass

Supun

Chamcha

spoon

Shanpu

shanpo

shampoo

Purotesutanto

Protestant

Purogurama

computer programmer

Po Pasupo'to

passport

Kyo’o/po’pu

Pope

60

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “SH (sheen)” KA ESTAMAL Kisi bunyadi aawaz na honay ki surat main zobain mutradaf ya phir marakab aawazoon ka estamal karti hain. Sh darasal sheen ki mutradaf marakab aawaz hai. Japani main es kay estamal ki kae suratain milti hain. Hiragana kay hawala say es ka estamal ba’kasrat hota rehta hai. i, Mufrad aaawaz s kay sath estamal nahain hota (si Japani main mustamal nahain hai) bal’kah dohri/marakab aawaz sh kay sath estamal hota hai.. Angraizi main bhi sheen kay liay sh marakab aawaz estamal hoti hai Shi Urdu

khushi, rashi, hawashi, shishi, shab’bashi

English:

shirt, shield, shrink, shift

Japani Higashi

mashriq

east

Nishi

Maghrib

west

Shiro

sofaid

white

Arashi

tofan

storm

Hashi

bridge

pul

Shinzoo

dil

heart

Shita

zoban

tongue

Sha Jigyo'sha

karobari aadmi

business person

Kisha

mukhbar/ itla dahinha

reporter

Ko'shaku-no

bakri

goat

61 Shamoji/hera spatula [for rice] Shinrigakusha Maher-e-Nafasyaat

Psychologist

Shu Shufu

gharailo orat/Talib-e-ilm Student

Shuutome

bhatiji (niece meego-san [other's])

Konshuu

es eftay

Shukyo Kashu

house wife

this week bishop

gaek

singer

Hisho

munshi

secretary

Jimusho

daftar

office

Sho

Ko’sho

mechanic

Shokubutsu

poda

plant

Choshoku

Nashtah

breakfast

62

JAPANI MAIN AAWAZ “CHAY” KA ESTAMAL Ch c+h say marakab aawaz chay kay liay estamal main aata hai. Cha Chacha, kacha, oncha, sachcha Lacha Bacha, ghuncha, daricha Chest, church Japani

O-cha

Sabz cha’ay

green tea

Kocha

Kali cha’ay (omomi)

bleck tea

Chu Chusa, chuha Chucha Japani Chushoku

Khana

meal

Machi no chukushin

the town centre

Gozen-chuu

subh kay waqt

in the morning

Chuui

ehtyaat tovajo

care

Chusha kinshi

yahaan gari khari na karain/yahaan gari kari karna mumnu hai

No parking

63 Cho Choka, chook, chonka Chonkah Japani Choshoku

Nashtah

breakfast

Buchoo

General Manager

Jichoo

Deputy General Manager

64

JAPANI MAIN BHARI/DHORI AAWAZ “KY” KA ESTAMAL Bar-e-Sagheer ki bohat sari zobanoon main bhari/maha paran (bhool, phool, jhoot, choot waghera) aawazoon ka estamal hota hai. Japani main bhi kuch essi qesam ki aawazain estamal main aati hain. En dhori/marakab aawazoon ki surat main dusri aawaz kay sath vowel ka estamal hota hai. Ky Kya

attendant

Kyabin

Cabin

Kyaku shitsu jyM*mu

in Flight

Kyukyusha

Ambulance

Kyuuketsu

Suck blood

Kyu

Kyo Shukyo

Bishop

Bukkyo/ Butsudo

Budh-mat

Buddhism

Kyo'ju

kalag Universiti ka Ustad

professor

Kyo'kai

Girja

Church

Yakyoku

Pharmacy

65

JAPANI MAIN BHARI AAWAZ JY KA ESTAMAL Jya Jyaketto / Jyanpā Jyagaimo

A jacket Aalu

Potatoes

Jyo Kanojyo/kanojo

os, ossay

Hijyō guchi

her (fm) Life vest

Jigyo’sha

karobai aadmi

Business person

Daijyōbu desu!

Mein thek hoon

I am okay!

Jyū Jyū-ji ni

At ten o’clock

Jyū-gatsu

October

66

JAPANI MAIN JUMLAY KI TARKEEB-O-TASHKEEL (Bunyadi batain) Japani main sab say pehlay subject os kay baad object/noun aur os kay baad verb estamal kartay hain jab’kah Angraizi main sab say pehlay subject os kay baad verb aur pher object ka estamal hota hai. Maslan Angraizi main

Japani main

I love you.

I You Love.

I tell him.

I him tell.

I drink water.

I water drink.

I eat apple.

I apple eat.

Jumloon main I subject hai jab’kah you, him, water, apple object hain. Love, tell, drink, eat, verb/noun hain. Angraizi main

I Subject

love

you

Verb

object/noun

I ate Japanese food. Japani main Watashi wa Subject

anatao object /noun

aishiteru Verb

I ate Japanese food.

Jumlay ki Angraizi banawat.

I Japanese food ate.

Jumlay ki Japanese banawat .

Watashi kay baad particle WA barhaya giya hai. Es say watashi jumlay main subject ki haisiat ekhtayar kar giya hai. Japanese food kay baad wo kay azafay nay essay object ki haiseai day de hai. Goya particles object/noun kay baad

67 estamal kartay hain jab’kah Angraizi main particles pehlay likhtay hain. Maslan the Hindustani, the book, the shamato waghera. Yaad rakhna chahiay verb aakhar main estamal hota hai. Japani main yah rovaeya koe alag say nahain, Hindustani (Urdu+Hindi) main bhi yah andaz mojood hai. Maslan Pani tu, khana woh la’ay ga. Mudat hoe hai yar ko mehmaan kiay howay Pakistani hoon mein Ghariboon ki hamaet karma maira kaam hai. Mazeed misalain 1-I am Sarah Watashi wa Sarah desu Subject

I

Watashi wa

Verb

am

desu

Object

Sarah

Sarah

2-Subject

I

na

Verb

am

desu

Adjective

sick

Byoki

I am sick Byoki desu I don't understand Iie wakarimasen How much is it? Ikura Desu ka

sick am Mein samjha naha nahai samjha Yah kitna hai? kitna/tadad yaw azan kay liay hai sawaliya?

68 Where is toilet? Toire wa doko desu ka Do you have Coffee? Kohhi wa arimasu ka

Taharat’khana kahaan hai? taharat’khana topic wazay kar raha hai kahaan hai sawaliya? Aap kay pas kafi hai? kafi topic wazay kar raha hai mojodgi sawaliya?

69

“Desu” (das) ka estamal Desu is, am, are, was, were, will be ki jaga estamal main aata hai. Yah subject ki tabdili kay sath tabdeel nahain hota aur yah jumlay kay aakar main aata hai. Yah first, second or third person subjects ya plural subjects kay sath estamal main nahain aata. Es ka estamal one "person" kay liay hi mustamal hai. Haal aur mazi main koe takhses mojood nahain natija-e-kar haal "non-past" kehlata hai. Zamana-e-haal: desu Zamana-e-mazi: deshita (Talafaz desh ta) Maslan: Watashi wa gakusei desu. Mein Talib-e-Ilm hoon. I am a student. Watashitachi wa tomodachi deshta. Hum dost thay. We were friends. Topic Ka khatam hona Wahad mutkalum ki surat main Watashi wa (mein) hazaf ho jata hai. Maslan (Watashi wa) Kazi desu. (Mein) Qazi hoon. I am Qazi.

70 (Watashi wa) Gakusei desu. (Mein) Talib-e-Ilm hoon. I am a student. Japani main desu ko bunyadi haisiat hasil hai. “Pakisutanjin desu” kay maeni kuch yoon ho sakain gay: (Mein) Pakistani hoon. (Aap) Pakistani hain. (Woh mard/orat) Pakisatni hai. (Hum) Pakistani hain. (Woh) Pakistani hain. Jumlay kay maeni bolnay wala kay andaz-e-takalam say daryaft hotay hain. Subject gira dainay ka matlab yah hota hai kah kuch pehlay say hi wazay hota hai. Agar mein kisi (shakas, jamat, garo wagherah) kay samnay kehta hoon kah main pakisutan-jin desu to yah samjhi hoe baat hai kah yah mein apnay liay keh raha hoon. Jumlay ki tarkeeb ka bunyadi dhancha kuch yoon hai: a- wa = b- desu a- I = b- nihon (Japanese) a- kazi = b- pakisutan-jin a- I = b- shiba

Goya a=b Watashi wa nihon desu. Kazi-san wa pakisutan-jin desu. Shiba-san wa kankoku-jin desu

71

Munfi banana Desu ki munfi halat ja arimasen ya phir dewa arimasen hai jabkah casual guftagu main "ja arimasen" estamal hota hai. Maslan Gakusei dewa arimasen. (Mein) talib-e-ilm nahain hoon I am not a student. Nihon-jin ja arimasen. (Mein) Japani nahain hoon I am not Japanese. Japani kay liay "Not kay liay koe lafz moqarar nahain. Jumlay main mukhtalif hawaloon say es ka izhar kiya jata hai. Es kay liay verb ki mukhtalif halatain estamal main aati hai. Agar polite zoban ka estamal ho raha hai to tamam verbs ka khatama masu par kiya jata haI. Zamana-e-hal main munfi kay liay masu, masen main tabdeel ho jata hai. Mazi main polite verbs kay liay aakhar main mashita barha daitay hain jab’kah not kay liay masen kay baad deshta ka azafa kar diya jata hai. Maslan Hal

tabemasu

khata hoon

eat

Munfi tabemasen

nahain khata

is not eat

Mazi

tabemashita

khaya

ate

Munfi

tabemasendeshita nahain khaya

did not eat

72

Sawaliya Banana Sawaliya bananay kay liay jumlay ka dhancha wohi rehta hai seraf aakhar main ækaÆ ka azafah kar daitay hain. Maslan Kore wa nan desu. This is Yah hai. Kore wa nan desu ka? What is this? Yah kiya hai? Rahore (Lahore) wa suki desu ka? Do you like Lahore? Kiya aap ko Lahore pasand hai? (Acha lagta hai) Hai, Rahore no yaad garu park ga daisuki desu. Yes, I love lahor’s yaadgaar park. Haan mujhy Lahore ka yaad gar park acha lagta hai. Doyoubi wa shigoto desu ka (You) working on Sunday. (Aap) haftay ko kaam kar rahay hain/ho. Doyoubi wa shigoto desu ka? Are (you) working on Saturday? Kiya aap/tum haftay ko kaam kar rahay ho?

73 Kahaan say (where from) Ka estamal Sumisu san wa Pakisutan-jin desu ka? Are you Pakistani? Kiya aap Pakistani hain? Iie, Afuganisutan-jin desu. No, I am Afgani. Nahain mein Afgani hoon.

74

Masu aur Mashita ka estamal Japani kay doo tense hain: 1- hal (Present) aur 2- mazi (past) (Present perfect tense asal main mazi hai jab’kah imperfect hal aur mustaqbal) Present/hal

Past/mazi

Tabemasu

(ta be ma su)

Tabemashita (ta be ma shi ta)

Tabe verb

masu

tabe verb mashita halat

halat

Mein khata hoon .

Mein nay khaya.

I eat.

I ate.

Asal tarjama

Asal tarjama

Khata hoon

Khana khaya

Bolnay walay kay hawalah say samjh aati hai kah woh koon hai. Hal kay liay masu jab’kah mazi kay liay mashita ka estamal howa hai. Verb+masu hal

present

Verb+mashita mazi

past

75

Khatabiya “San” Mr. Mrs, Miss Ms kay liay mustamal hai jabkah Urdu main sahib/janab ka estamal hota hai. Kazi-san Qazi Sahib/ Janab qazi Mr. Qazi •

Essay apnay liay estamal nahain kartay. Maslan Mein Qazi sahib hoon/mein janab Qazi hoon.

•

Essay apnay ghar waloon kay liay nahain estamal kartay. Maslan (maira) Janab baita/baita sahib (mairi) Mohtarama bivi/bivi sahib

76

Hal aur Mustaqbal Japani main Hal/present aur Mustaqbal/future eak hi hain baz oqaat essay nonpast tense bhi kaha jata hai. En kay liay eak hi verb estamal main aata hai aur kisi conjugation ki zarorat paish nahain aati. Mazi kay liay te ko ta main tabdeel kar datay hain. Jab yah wazay ho kah kis say ya kis kay mota’alaq baat ho rahi hai to zameer/pronoun nahain estamal hoti. Maslan Kaimono wo suru Kai mo no wo su ru Will shop Khareed’dari karoon ga. Yaeni mein kharidari karoon ga. Mein (I) laganay ki zarorat nahain kayoon’kah wazay hai yah koon keh raha hai. Shita bennkyou suru.

shi ta ben kyou su ru

Kal (mein) motaliah karoon ga. Tomarrow (I) will study. I will study tomarrow Fiqray say wazay ho raha hai yah baat koon kar raha hai. Hindustani (Urdu+Hindi) main bhi yah andaz-o-ravaeya mojood hai. Maslan Kal (hum/mein) Lahore jaein/jaoon/ gay/ga? Ro’ba’ro baat ho rahi hai es liay wazay hai kah pochnayAur jawab dainay walay koon hain.

77 Haan, kayoon nahain. Ro’ba’ro baat ho rahi hai es liay wazay hai kah jawab koon day raha hai. Mukhtasar sawalaat Malomat kay liay mukhtasar sawal bhi kiay jatay hain. Wahan Urdu ki tara mukhtasar sawaliya hota hai. Es surat main seraf topic hi baqi rehta hai. Maslan O-namae wa (nan desu ka). (Aap ka) naam? (What is your) name? Go-senmon wa (nan desu ka). (Aap ka) mazmoon? (What is your) field of study? Guftagu ka ekhtatam Dewa mata. Baad main miltay hain. See you later. Ja mata. Baad main miltay hain See you later. (Kam formal) Mata ashita. Kal milain gay. See you tomorrow. Kal (aap say) molaqaat ho gi. Sayonara.

78 Khuda Hafiz Good-bye. Shitsurei shimasu. (ab) Mein chalta hoon. I am going to leave. (Very formal) "Sayonara” ka estamal ghar ya arzi rahaesh say thoray arsay kay liay rukhsati kay liay nahain kiya jata jab tak lumbay arsay kay liay rukhsat na ho rahay hoon. Agar maloom ho kah thoray hi waqt kay baad molaqat ho ja’ay gi to "Ja mata ya "Mata ashita" ka estamal kartay hain.

79

SUBJECT GIRANA Subject omuman gir jata hai chona’chah surat yoon banay gi: nihon desu Shiba desu genki desu sawaliya banay ki surat yoon ho gi: Pakisutan-jin desu ka. Shiba-san desu ka. O genki desu ka. Sawaliya banay ki surat yoon ho gi: Nan desu ka? Yah kiya hai? What is this? O namae wa nan desu ka? (Aap ka) kiya naam hai? What is (your) name?

80

Kara ka estamal (Kahaan where)

(Kazi-san wa) doko kara kimashita ka? Kiya (Qazi Sahib) Pakistan say hain? (Qazi Sahib) Pakistani hain? (Mr. Qazi) from Pakistan? / (Mr. Qazi) Pakistani? Pakisutan kara kimashita? (Kazi san wa) amerika kara kimashita ka? (Nahain/ie, Maira ta’alaq) Pakistan say hoon. (No, I am) from Pakistan

81

Anata ka estamal Aap, Tum (you) yaeni anata ka estamal: Aap/tum kay liay japani main anat ka estamal kiya jata hai ta’hum bohat say log es kay estamal say ehtzaz kartay hain. To pher es kay estamal kay bagher kaisay kaam chalta hai: a- kazi: anata wa amerika-jin desu ka? Kiya aap amrekan hain? Are you American? Kazi: Ie, pakisutan-jin desu. Nahain, mein Pakistani hoon. No, I am Pakistani. b- Shiba: kazi-san wa amerika-jin desu ka. Kiya aap amrekan hain? Are you American? Kazi: Ie, pakisutan-jin desu Nahain, mein Pakistani hoon. No, I am Pakistani. Qazi kay hawalah say os kay dost say baat ho rahi ho to, surat kuch yoon ho gi: Shiba: Kazi san wa amerika-jin desu ka? Kiya Qazi amrikan hai? Is kazi American? Petter: Ie, pakisutan-jin desu. Nahain, woh Pakistani hai. No, he is Pakistani.

82

Particiles aur baz alfaz ka estamal Japani main bohat saray particles estamal main aatay hai. Japani kay bohat say alfaz say pehlay koe na’koe particle estamal main aata hai. Yah ziyada’tar eak hijay par mushtamil hotay hai. Eak haraf/aawaz bhi ho sakta hai. WA WA particle jumlay kay topic ko zahir/wazay karta hai. Essay Angraizi main as for ka mutnadal qarar diya ja sakta hai. Watashi wa pakisutan-jin desu Mein Pakistani hoon. I am a Pakistani. Kochira wa Kazi-san desu. Yah Qazi sahib hain. /Aap Qazi sahib hain. This (he) is Mr. Qazi. Toukyou wa omoshiroi desu. Tokio dilchacap (shehar) hai. Tokyo is interesting. Tsumetai mizu wa ichiban desu. Thanda Pani Bohat behtar hai. Cold water is the best. Ore wa omae no otousan da. Mein aap/tumhara baap hoon. I'm your father.

83 Ano furui neko wa akai desu. Wo porani bili surakh hai That old cat is red. Jab doo cheezoon ka taqabil kar rahay hoon to bhi Wa esamal main aaa hai. Yahhan tak kah oon main say eak ka zikar na kiya giya ho ya wo wahan mojood hi na ho Sakana wa niwa no ike ni imasu. Neko wa ike no soba ni imasu. The fish is in the pond in the garden. The cat is beside the pond. Sakana wa niwa no ike ni imasu. Ga: Ga Subject ko highlight karta hai. Adar mein kehna chahoon: This is my Car mujhy kehna ho ga: Kore ga watashi no Kuruma desu. Da Da desu say thora polite/naram hai likin yah ba’kasrat anime main sona ja sata hai aur manga main parha ja sakta hai. Es ka estamal desu ki tara hi hota hai. Boku ga gakusei da. Mein talib-e-ilm hoon. I am a student. Sore wa taisetsu da. Wo zarori hai. That's important. Noun kay adjective honay ki surat main es ka estamal nahain hota. Maslan Ano neko wa kuroi desu. (desu level politeness) Ano neko wa kuroi da. (da level politeness)

84 Wo bili kali hai. That cat is black. E E particle Angraizi “to” ya "toward". kay mutradaf hai. mise e itta. Store (to) went. (Woh) store gaya/gae./(Woh) store ki janib/taraf giya/gae. (He/she) went to the store. Sairaag e iku ka? Sairaag (toward) go ? Are you going to Sairaag? Kiya aap/tum Sairaag ki taraf ja rahay ho/hain? O O Object ki nishan’dahi karta hai. Kore o kau ka. This object buy? Kiya aap yah kharidain gay? Will you buy this? Itsu gohan o taberu? When meal object eat? Aap kab (khana) khaein gay? When will you eat? Omae o korosu. Mein aap ko/tumain qatal karnay laga hoon. I'm going to kill you. Ato

85 Ato Angraizi lafz after kay intahae qereeb’tar hai. bakari, ki tara ta kay sath estamal main aata hai. Essay past tense kay baad rakh diya jata hai. Maslan Akunin o koroshita ato hayaku nigeta. Scoundrel, (who) killed after, quickly escaped. After (he) killed the scoundrel, he quickly escaped. Hikaru o taoshita ato waratte ita. Hikaru (who) defeated after, was laughing He was laughing after (he) defeated Hikaru. NO No ka aksar ka/kay’ki /'S kay liay estamal hota hai. Maslan Barufuna no koori wa samui. Barufuna’s ice is cold. Rekka no honoo wa atsui. Rekka's fire was hot. Watashi+ no my

(maira)

Kore wa watashi no pen desu. Yah maira qalam hai. This is my pen Anata + no

your

(aap ka/tumhara)

Anata no okane desu ka? Kiya yah tumhari/aap ki raqam hai? Is this your money? Kare + no his Kanojo + no her

(mard kay liay) (orat kay liay)

Are wa kanojo no kodomo desu. Yah os (khatoon/orat) ka bacha hai.

86 That is her child. Watatashitachi no our

(hamara/hamari m/fm, donoon kay liay)

no can be used in conjunction with dare (who) Doko (where) Nan (what) to make Dare no (whose) doko no (from where) Nan no (of what) Kore wa dare no kuruma desu ka? Wahan kis ki kar hai? Yah kis ki kar hai? Yah kar kis ki hai? Whose car is this? Anata wa doko no hito desu ka? Aap kahan kay rehashi hain? Where are you from? Boku wa Pakisutab-jin desu. Mein Pakistani hoon. I am Pakistani. Yamada-san wa nan no sensei desu ka? Woh kis mazmoon ki ostad hain? What kind of teacher is she?

87 Rika no sensei desu. Woh malomaat-e-ama ki ustad hai. She is a Social Studies teacher. Ne Ne ka estamal oratain ziyada’tar karti hain. Baat ki tasdeeq ya tardeed kay liay ea ka estamal hota. baat ko naram aur mitha bana data hai Maslan Goshujin wa dorobo de wa arimasen ne? Aap ka khawand choor nahain hai, kiya who (choor) hai? Your husband isn't a thief, is he? So desu ne. Haan yah darust hai, kiya aisa nahain hai? Yes, that's true, isn't it? Bakari Agar aap kehna chahain "I just finished drinking" to bakari ka estamal karma paray gaEssay jumlay kay aakhar main barha diya jata hai likin verb her surat mazi ho ga. Ima biiru o nonda bakari desu. Beer pi- yah kaam abhi abhi howa Mein nay abhi beer pi. Now beer (what) drank (just did) is. Just now I drank beer. Gakkou kara kaetta bakari ja nai no? Sakool say (abhi) lotay nahin? Kiya aap abhi sakhool say lotay nahain? School from returned (just did) didn't? Didn't you just return from school? SHI

88 Yah particle kae chotay chotay jumloon ko jornay/milanay kay liay estamal main aata hai. Goya and ka sa kaam daita hai. Maslan koko wa kowai shi, here (subject) scary (and) bakemono ga iru shi, ikou ze! Monsters (in particular) are here (and) let's go! It's scary here, and there are monsters, so let's go! Kimi wa kawaii shi you (subject) cute (and), ai shite iru shi (I'm) loving you (and) kekkon sureba ii to omou yo! If (I) were to marry [you] well (and) think! You're cute, and I'm in love with you, so I'm thinking marriage would be a good idea! Kagiri Kagiri es kay ba’vajood/ chonacah/ as far as /to the extent that kay liay estamal main aata hai. Maslan Boku ga shitte iru kagiri, aitsu wa shinda yo! I (subject) am knowing as far as, he (subject) died! As far as I know, he died! dekiru kagiri, yatte miyou! To be able (as far as), do let's try! As far as we're able, let's try to do it! To To ka estamal shartiya mafaheem kay liay hota hai. 1-Kuch bhi qudrati, adtan/routine yah mutwaqay nataej howa ho ya honay ja raha ho, kay liay estamal main aata hai. Maslan Haru ni naru to hana ga sakimasu means

89 Jab bahar aati hai phool khiltay hain. When spring comes, the flowers bloom. Hadaet jari karnay kay liay bhi estamal main aata hai. Maslan Kono botan o osu to oto ga kikoemasu— Agar/jab aap batan dabaein gay to aap ko eak aawaz sonae day gi/sonain gay. If/when you press this button, you'll hear a sound. Yahaan fori honay ko wazay kiya jar aha hai. Jon’hi aap aisa karain gay os kay natija falan ho ga. Motqalam ki ra’ay ko zahir karta hai: Ame ga furanai to ii desu— Maira khayal/mujhy omeed hai kah baresh nahain ho gi. (adbi mafaheem: agar baresh na hoe to yah acha ho ga.) I hope it doesn't rain. (Literally, "if it doesn't rain, it's good"). Yaah rahay Apni zati khaesh, tajveez, ijazat, mamanat ya ra’ay kay liay es ka estamal nahain hota.

90 Nouns (Particles) japani articles ki baja’ay particles (wa, ga, no, o, e, ni, de, ka) estamal main latay hain. Instead of, Japanese uses these are found after the word they modify.

Anata wa yasashii. Nice (particle) you Aap achy hain. you are nice. Wa jumlay kay topic ki nishan;dahi kar raha hai bilkul angraizi kay "as for" ki tara. Ga shows the emphasized or active subjects. Subtle difference. Hiroshi san wa sensei desu. Hiroshi udtad hai. Hiroshi (as for) teacher is. Hiroshi is a teacher. Nara Jab kisi mukhsus moamlay ki tarak ishara kiya jar aha to Nara ka estamal kiya jata hai. Teh’shoda aur motwaqay omoor kay liay nara ka estamal nahai hota. Nara ka bohat hi kam estamal hota hai. Raishuu nara hima desu if you're talking about next week, I am free. -Te ka eak amal ko jornay kay liay jumlay kay darmiyan main estamal kartay hain.is. Baz’oqaat mamlaat itfaqi/causal nahain hotay likin wahan -Te shartiya estamal hota hai. (This is the same -te form as is used for a variety of other forms, like requests and progressive action;

91 It is the same as the -ta form, just using -te instead). Ano resutoran de tabete byoki ni narimashita. Jab mein nay os hotal say (khana) khaya, (tab hi say) bimar ho giya hoon. When I ate at that restaurant, I became sick. Literally means: I ate at that restaurant and became sick. -Tara This usage is extremely common because it's simple, fast, and versatile (it can mean either "if" or "when"). The -tara form is just the simple past-tense verb form (-ta or -da) plus -ra. So iku becomes ittara and yomu becomes yondara. -I adjectives use their simple past, while -na ajectives and nouns take dattara (the simple past form of da). However, this form also has some subtlety. It's important to understand that -tara expresses completed action. The dependent clause has finished occurring before whatever happens in the independent clause. (Thus, it is similar to the -ta toki form described above). Furthermore, the meaning differs somewhat depending on the tense of the final verb. A -Tara, B -mashita (past tense) means "A occurred, then B happened." It is translated as "when." For example, Mado o aketara, samuku narimashita means, "when I opened the window, I got cold." But A -tara, B -masu (present/future tense) means that if or when A occurs, B will occur. It is translated as "when" in cases where it is reasonably certain that A will occur, and "if" otherwise. For example, Mado o aketara, samuku narimasu means "if you open the window, I'll get cold" and kuraku nattara, kaeranakereba narimasen means "when it gets dark, I have to return home." A final note about -tara is that it is preferred in the case of neutral or accidental happenings over the other forms described here. So if you say Kaigi ni ittara, tomodachi ni aimashita, it means that you met your friend at the meeting, and it was either accidental (in which case that sentence can start a conversation-- "Hey! I saw Joan at the meeting!") or neutral (in which case that sentence answers the question, "When did you meet your friend?").

92 -Tara can also be used for intentional actions, of course-- Tanaka-san ga kitara, shirasemasu ("when Tanaka comes, I'll inform him"). The point is that it is the only form possible for situations out of the speaker's control. (By the way, all these subtleties should not be thought of as hard-and-fast rules, but merely guidelines for expressing what you really mean. Of course in practice there will be some exceptions.) Moshi Moshi always means "if," and it is not a complete form by itself. It must be used in conjunction with another conditional, usually nara or -tara. It comes at the beginning of the dependent clause. Moshi can serve a couple of purposes: first, it can be used to emphasize the "hypotheticality" of the situation. Moshi shinu nara means "if I die..." Second, it can be used simply as an "advanced warning" that the dependent clause is going to be conditional. Since Japanese is structured such that you have wait for the end of phrases and clauses to find out what's going on, Japanese people have evolved a few strategies to give clues about what's coming. Moshi is often used in front of long -tara clauses in writing. -Ba This form means "if" much more often than it means "when." It is often the form called "the conditional form" in grammar texts and is almost always used for hypothetical situations. For regular verbs, replace -u with -eba; for semiregular verbs, replace -ru with -reba; and for kuru and suru, use kureba and sureba. [The corresponding negative forms use the -nai stem: replace -nai with -nakereba.] Koto Koto literally means "thing" in an abstract sense, as in "what kind of things to you do at those meetings." It's not the kind of thing you can touch, hold or spit on. In many cases, you can change a verb into a noun phrase by adding koto to it. Take a typical short sentence: Sushi o taberu. Eat sushi. If we add koto, it allows us to use the phrase as the subject of a larger sentence. Sushi o taberu koto the act of eating sushi

93 If we place a koto noun phrase before ga dekiru, we get a nifty way of saying "can do..." Watashi wa sushi o taberu koto ga dekiru. I can eat sushi. Sushi o taberu koto ga dekiru ka. Can you/he/... eat sushi? Mo (also) Mo kay maeni "also," "too," aur "as well" hain. Yah musbat aur sawaliya, donoon kay liay estamal main aata hai. Maslan * Anata mo gakusei desu ka. Kiya aap bhi eak talib-e-ilm hain? Are you a student, too? Dore - which? Just as a reminder, remember that for now you should pronounce all the vowels in Japanese. There is no such thing as a silent 'E' in Japanese. So you would pronounce 'kore' as Koray, but of course with a Japanese R, not an English one. Kore wa watashi no mono desu. [This as for I’s thing is.] This is mine. Kara indicates motion from a place or object. Ni indicates motion directed towards a place or object. Ni is used for specific times, like the words in, on, or at. Koko (here, this place) - is for places closer to the speaker than the listener Toire wa koko de wa arimasen. The toilet is not here. Soko (there, that place) - indicates locations near the listener than the speaker. It also indicates a relational proximity to the listener, not always a physical proximity.

94 Hachi wa soko desu yo! The wasp is right there, by you! Asoko (over there, that place over there) - is used for places that are at a distance from both the speaker and listener. Keisatsu-kan wa asoko desu ka? Is the police station over there? Doko (where) - fits into this class as well and is used to ask questions. Toire wa doko desu ka? Where is the toilet? The words kore, sore, are are used to point out objects (sometimes people) in different locations in reference to the speakers. Kore is used for items closer to the speaker than the listener: this. Sore is used for items closer to the listener than the speaker: that. Are is used for items at a distance from both the speaker and the listener: that over there. Baai Baai esam (noun) hai. Jahaan in case of... ya in the case that... kehnay ki zarorat hoti hai wahaan es ka estamal kiya jata hai. Maslan Osoku naru baai, renraku shite kudasai. Dair ho janay ki surat main call kar lain. In case/if it gets late, please call. It is also used on written forms that ask for the respondent's opinion: Anata no baai, means Aap kay khayaal main---

95 In your opinion... Toki Toki literally means "time" and functionally means something like "at the time of." (In fact, the kanji for toki is the same as that for ji, meaning "hour" (like 2-ji, 2 o'clock).] It can be hypothetical ("if") or actual ("when"), but is more likely to be used to mean "when". Baai and toki are interchangeable, such as Omoi toki = omoi baai = agar yah wazni hai if it's heavy... Kodomo no toki Jab mein bacha tha When I was a child Kodomo no baai Bacha honay ki surat main In case of children Ya In case you are a child. Agar tum eak bacha hotay

96

HIRAGANA AND COMPOUND ARABIC SOUNDS Alam-e-Arab na’seraf apnay tarekhi, tehzibi, moashi aur saqafti hawalah se alalm-e ensani ki jan hai balkah wasael-e-qudrat (khasusan petrol, shamsi tawani wagherah) kay moamlah main khasusi ehmiat ka hamil hai. Es kay tajarti moamlaat dunyaan ki tamam walaetoon se rahay hain. Aaj bhi mazi qareeb-obaed ki tara surat-e-hal mukhtalif nahain. Ta’hum tajarti omoor-o-moamlaat aur atwar main tabdiliaan zaroor aae hain, machine nay tajarat ki bag door maghrab kay hath main day di hai. Barood nay sonay par sohagay ka kaam dikhaya hai. Es haqeqat kay bawajood: Bar-e-Sagheer ko wasael-e-qudrat, ashya-e-khudni aur afraid qovat kay hawalah nazar andaz nahain kiya ja sakta se Aisay halaat main Japan, cheen aur Koriya tajarti hawalah se maghrab se barabar ki door masroof hai main Arbi zoban ki taraqi aur essay jaded tajarti aur lisani zarotoon se hum’aahung karna ho ga. Arbi ko jahaan maghrab se lisani reshtah ostawar karna hai wahaan masherqi zaboon se bhi nata jorna paray ga.

97 Arbi ki ba’qaedah 30, 12 alamti aur bohat sari marakab aawazain hain jin ki madad se ba’daisi/mahajar alfaz ko apnanay par qudrat rakhti. Mutbadlaat-omutradfaat ki Arbi zoban main kami nahain es kay ba’vajood gher Arbi wasaiboon kay kalchar se mota’alaq mutbadlaat-o-motradfaaft kam par jatay hain ya na’kafi rehtay hain. Mutradfaat-o-motbadlaat ki zarorat apni jagah likin asal ki zarorat apni jagah musalam rehti hai maslan ôcommitmentö ka mutradaf kiya laein gay? Es tara Arbi zoban ka lisani reshtah dusri zobanoon se Arboon ki tajarti aur saqafti taraqi main herÆchand azafah bhi ho ga. Dusra her qesam kay taÆalqaat main mutradfaat-o-motbadlaat ko nazar andaz karna kisi tara darust nahain. Yah aaj ki sachae aur zamini haqeqat hai. Japan aur cheen ki musnuaat sasti aur qabal-e-etbar bhi hain. Es na’cheez mazmoon main Hiragana ki kuch aawazain daraj ki gae hain yah aawazain Arbi main aam estamal hoti hain. 11 aisi aawazain bhi daraj ki ja rahi hain jin kay liay motradaf Arbi aawazoon kay hawalah se kaam chalaya ja sakta hai. HIRAGANA O Ay/ai

ARBI/URDU owael, obash, ozan, osaaf, oqaat, Awal, Olaad Aytam/Aita, aymun/aimum

Ou

Ouqiyah, oulo, oula

E

Ejaab, Ejaad, eqan, efa, eman, ema, esar, eza, eta

Aa

Aasar, aahaad, aakhir, aakhrat, Aadam, aafat, aayaat, afaat

Ku

Kuakab, akwal

Ko

Hakomat, kofi, haqooq, malqoot, shakoor

Ki

Estaraqi, Eshtaraqiat

Ka

Ahkaam, etkaaf, akabar, shaker, shakaet, katab, Kafir, kafoor, kafiya, kamil, shkaet

Su/soo

Surah/soorah hasud/hasood, rasoom/rasum, rasub/rasoob Rasuq/rasooq, rasul/rasool, nosuqen/nosooqen, yosuf/yosof

98 Se/say/sai

Selan/saylan/sailan

Shi

Obashi, Shiyah, farasi, mowashi, shitan, shifa

Sa

Ehsan, asami, asas, aqsaat, eqsaam, amsaak, basaat, hisaab

Tu

Tusie, tubah, tusaif, tuqeer, tufeeq, tuwaqal, tuhein, tuwaqo

Ta

Ostad, tabay, tabi, taj, tajir, takhair, tarekh, taÆasaf, taqaid/taqeed

Nu

Nuwabi, nuwab, nubat, nuhah, nuom

No

Noor, hanoot, janoon, litakono, kano, nomin, zonoob

Ni

Arni, dainiyaat, zamni, ebrani, usmani, niyat

Na

Astnaad, mimbaina (min baina), tamana, tanasuk, Tanazur, tanafur, tanaqoz, adna, dashnah

Fu

Fuwarah, fuot, fuj, furan, furi, fuz, fuq, fuqani, fuqeat

Hi

Rahin, ebrahim, esmaayhi, kotobaihi, rosolaihi/rosolayhi

Ha

Ashal, eshad, afhaam, alhitaab, ommahaat, ahali, ehanat, jahalat, fiha

Mi

Esmi, almiyah, hamami, zamimah, rasmi, hatmi, maiat Jamilan

Ma

Estma, estamalat, esma, Esmaeel, Amaal, anzmam, ehmaal, tamashah, tamaam

Ray

Rayhaan/raihan

Ri

Etbari, Takhtreeb, jari, ashryah

Ra

Arazi, eradah, eradat, eradi, estamrar, erazal, asrar, Esrafee, Esraeel, esharah

99 Yay

Yum, yuman, yumiyah

Yo

Ofyoon, shayukh, yayoon, yoha, yosaf, yonani, yonis, yominoon

Ya

Atqiya, ahya, ahya, ekhtayar, adbiyaat, ashya, aghyaar, biyan, emtayazi, dunya

Zu

Zuj, zujah, zujiat, zujain

Zo

Zofa, zohra

Ji

Haji, majeed

Za

Azaz, uzaar, jaezah, zajir, zahid, zaed, zaer, zeal

Da

Ebda, ada, edarat, edariyah, tadbir, tadaruk, tadawal

Bay/bai

Baizah, baiza, bitar, baizvi

Bu

Butaraab, janub, habub, nabudu

Ba

Akhbar, adbar, etabar, baab, asbaab, asbaq, batan, baes

Shu

Shuq, shuqiyah, sukat, shum

Sha

Shaer, esharit, tamasha, shatar, sharay, shaghil, shafay

Ju

Jur, julaan, juhar

Jo

Ajobah, rajo, rajolat, rajoom, narjo

Ja

Ajabat, ejara, ejazat, astanja, ejaz, eltaja, anjam, tajavaz

Riya

Riya

Hai

Haibat, haizah, haiat

Hoo

Kamahoo, wahdahoo, rasulahoo, abdohoo, hodan,

Doo

Wadood

100 Ni

Niem HIRAGANA

Go

MUTBADAL ARBI/URDU AAWAZAIN Governament se kornament/ jornament, gorilla se korella/jorella, gujar se kojar/jujar

Gu

Gupal se kobal/jubal, gunga se konka/junka

Gi

Hita se kita, giti se kiti, bogi se boki/joki

Ga

Gajar se kajar/jajar, gara se kara/jara, gahak se kahak/jahak

Po

Powdar se bodar, pota se bota, posteen se bosteen, poshaak se boshaak

Pu

Puja se buja, poot se boot, porab se borab, podinah se Bodinah

Pa

Pani se bani, paband se baband, piyasa se biyasa, Yorpi se Yorbi

Chu

Chunch junj/shush, chuki se joki/shuki/suki, Churanji se joranji/shuranji

Cho

Chori se jori/shori/sori, chura se jora/sora/shora

Cha

Chabi se shabi/jabi/sabi, chalaki se Jalaki/shalaki/salaki

101

URDU AND JAPNESE SOUND’s SIMILIRITIES There is no alphabet in Japanese. Shapes and signs are fixed for sounds. These sounds are divided into two parts: Hiragana Katakana. Every sound has five shapes i.e. Uo, O, Ko, Koo (ku), Hu, Ho, Mo. Ka and Ki are read Kha or Khe. Sound Ta is read Tha. Where Noon and Bay, Noon and Py, Noon and meem, are associated, there meem sound will be appeared i.e. Shinbun will be converted into Shimbun, Noanmae will be altered in Namamae. In Urdu it is called adgham bilghunna. ie.

102 Dunba will be pronounced dumba, unbar will be pronounced umbar.. This behavior came in Sub-Continent languages from Arabic. During talk some sounds are not appeared. For example Desu will be read Dus. Except Chinese and Japanese, all languages have alphabet. Words are constructed through their alphabets, while symbols make style, way and trend of speaking. In Urdu

Allah Hafiz

In Faesi

Khuda Hafiz,

In English

Good Bye

In Punjabi

Rab rakha

In Japanese

Sayonara.

All Japanese sounds are available in Urdu. In Urdu, Japanese sounds can be easily used. During talk, speaker feels comfortable. In Urdu, every change in sounds can be made easily i.e. in writing Chondha but in speaking Chuna, in writing Unber but in speaking Umber, in writing Tunbu but in speaking Tumbu. Every language has many substitutes and combined groups of sounds. However thousands of sounds are found in the universe. Some have discovered and are in use, but some are still to be discovered or waiting for there uses. How sounds associated and various compounds are appearing in speaking or writings? It is not a matter of writing but it is related to speaking i.e. in writing Ka/Ki but in speaking Kha/ Khe. Like this, in Urdu, in writing Khavish but in speaking khaash, in writing khowsh but in speking khush, in writing kawab but in speaking khab. Wao will not pronounce in speaking. Substitution of sounds is not a strange thing in the Japanese language. This rotuine is also found in the other languages. The change of sounds or use of substitute sounds is not a serious matter. However, this matter is related to the way of talking or style of talking in a language. For example:

103 Zindgi is spoken in Urdu but gidgi in Mivati and Ragistani. Hazoor is converted into Hajoor in Punjabi, Mivati, Rajistani, Saraiki and Haryani. Jalsa is converted Jalso in Mivati, Rajistani and Gojri. For Za-e-farsi compound sound ion is used in English. For example Television, confusion For Py, in Arabic, By is used (i.e. Pakistan is spoken there Bakistsan.) Japanese speak Tabako but it is in Urdu Tumbako, in Punjabi Tamako. In Urdu it is Daan i.e. pan’dan, khan’dan, kora’dan but in English Pan i.e. Frypan. P is a substitute sound for D but there is no difference in the meanings. These are same words with the change of sounds. I think, for the best understanding, we should have to do a lot of work to know the sounds and their public uses. It is also a matter of the day to discover the usually used substitutes and similarities in sounds. I have tried to find out the similarities of sounds in Urdu and Japanese languages with the possible examples. In this way, Urdu speaker can understand the Japanese language. It is true that it demands deep interest and hard work. Su

suraj

Shi

Khushi

Sa

Peyasa

To

Tosa

Tay

Bhertay

Chi

Elachi

Ta

Marta

104 No

Nokar

Nian

Surhanain

Noo

Noor

Ni

Porani

Na

Jhurna

Hoo

Bahoo

Hay

kahay

Foo

Shurfoo

Hi

Tabahi

Ha

Karaha

Mo

Mohubbut

Mai

Hungamay

Mu

Muncsh

Mi

Aasami

Ma

Mahi

Ro

Rokna

Ra

Sitar

Yo

Sanayo

Ya

Saya

Oo

Ooncha

Go

Bagola

Gy

Dhagy

105 Gu

Guftagu

Gi

Sadgi

Ga

Dhaga

Zu

Bazu

Zay

Tazay

Zu

Zood

Gi

Hagi

Za

Durwaza

Do

Dusra

Sy

Sady

Zu

Zulifqar

Ge

Gena

Da

Dildada

Bo

Bona

Bay

Baykar

Bu

Khushbu

Bi

Golabi

Ba

Baqi

Pu

Punja

Pi

Gopi

Pu

Pura

Pi

Papi

106 Pa

Pass

Ku

Qunkar

Ya

Angya

Sho

Shosha

Shu

Shukar

Sha

Shatar

Jo

Jorab

Ju

Jungno

Ja

Baja

Cho

Chola

Chu

Chuha

Cha

Chakar

Huo

Rahihuo

Heu

Heute

Hea

Dehean

Beu

Unkbeut

Beo

Beonut

Biya

Biyaban

Meo

Meor

Miu

Miuwati

Mia

Mian

Neo

Neota

Qauood

107 Niu

Reniu

Nia

Niaz

Reu

Rewand, Raywar

Ru

Otaru

Rya

Rya’kar

OTHER LANGUAGES HAVE A NATURAL LINK WITH JAPANESE SOUNDS Every sound has its own mood, behavior, trend and culture. It adopts the form of word accordingly. While with the individual identity, social culture also involves. And it also keeps the nature of sounds with them. When a word enters a society, it also brings with it its culture and these words unconsciously and sometimes consciously plays its role. This adjustment is nature of sounds. If these universal nature links donÆt exit, the mater of adjustment cannot be solved. This link of sounds indicates the link of man with man and with the universe. I have described the link of sounds in a writing. I present some examples from Japanese sends(Hira Gana)to show their link with sounds of other languages. If this piece of work is appreciated, I shall show the link of the remaining sounds of Hira Gana as well as three sounds of Kana Kata. With reference to these sounds, the search of the link between man and universal will become easy. Not only this, it will also help us understand the link of man and universe: O

English

Orange

ra

Urdu

Okat

ka

108

A

Pashto

Obaie

ba

Punjabi

Rora

ro, ra

Pothohari

Oha

ha

Saraki

Othein

Gojri

Ozar

za

Arabic

Olad

ra (ra)

Persian

Aab-o-dana

da, na

English

Apple

re (re)

Urdu

Arada

ra, da

Pashto

Aalan

ra (a)

Punjabi

Hae

ha

Pothohari

Aeha

cha

Gojri

Koey

ko

Arabic

Jo-e-kazib

jo, ka zi (ji)

Persian

Zerb-e-Shadeed

Oo (ou) English

Column

ze, sha Ko (co), ru (lu)

Urdu

Oncha

cha

Pashto

Ohkh

Punjabi

Ochcha

cha

Pothohari

Ochcha

cha

Saraki

Okhoon

ho

Gojri

Outhain

ha

109 Persian E

ja

English

Elephant

re

Urdu

Eman

ma

Pashto

Eman

Punjabi

Soee

so

Pothahari

Deekhe

de, he

Saraki

Ethain

ha

Gojri

Eman

Arabic

Eman

Persian

Eman

Aa (au) English

Ko

Ouja

Author

ho

Urdu

Aana

na

Pashto

Aaloo

ro

Punjabi

Aaeo

Puthohari

Aas

Saraki

Aapey

pe

Gojri

Aalo

ro

Arabic

Aaein

Persian

Aab

English

Cooperation

ko (co), pe, ra, ti

Urdu

Kohat

ko, ha

Pashto

Kotek

ko, te

110

Kay

Punjabi

Kookain

ko, ka

Pothohari

Korey

ko, re

Saraeki

Koon

ko,

Gojri

Sakoo

sa, ko

Arabic

Kofeh

ko, fe

Persian

Kochek

ko, che

English

Keynes

ke, ne

Urdu

Dhamakay

da, ma ka

Pashto

Saskay

sa, ka

Punjabi

Ginkay

gi, ka

Pothohari

Tukkey

tu, ke

Saraki

Phekay

ka

Gojri

Nekay

Ku (Koo/Q) English

Cocker

ne, ka ko, ke

Urdu

Kucha

ku, cha

Pashto

Kuchay

Punjabi

Kora

ko, ra

Pothohari

Kook

ko

Saraki

Mikoon

mi, ko

Gojri

Koay

ko

Arabic

Hatubkaud

ha, tu, ka

Persian

Chakoo

cha, ko

111 Key (ke) English

Ka

So

Key

ke

Urdu

Tarakey

ta, ra, ke

Pushto

Mirchaki

mi, cha, ki

Punjabi

Keey

ke

Pothohari

Tukkey

tu, ke

Saraki

Salamaleki

sa, ra, ma, ki

Gojri

Keey

ke

Arabic

Makene

ma, ke, ne

Persian

Chalaki

cha, ra, ki

English

College

ko, re, ge

Urdu

Kamran

ka, ra

Pashto

Zamka

za, ka

Punjabi

Kaee

ka

Pothohari

Ochuckka

chu, ka

Saraki

Lokain

ro, ka

Gojri

Thaka

ha

Persian

Rakab

ra, ka

Arabic

Mutkabalas

mu, ka, ba, ra

English

so, sow

so

Urdu

Socha

so, cha

Pashto

So

so

112 Punjabi

Soee

so, da

Pothohari

Sonda

so, da

Saraki

Soka

So, ka

Gojri

Sohno

So, no

Arabi

Soaad

So

Persian

Sood

So

Say (sa) English

Sample

sa, re

Urdu

Piyasay

Pi, ya ,sa,

Pashto

Namesay

Na, me, sa

Punjabi

Hasay

Ha, sa

Pothohari

Vassay

Va, sa

Saraki

Pasay

pa, sa

Gojri

Dessay

de, sa

Sue

su

Urdu

Suna

Su, na

Pashto

Tosu

To, su

Punabi

Sunjan

Su, ja

Soo (su) English

Pothohari Sota

So, ta

Saraki

Sool

So

Persian

Chaharsoo

Cha, ha, so

She/shi English

She/shift

She, shi

113 Urdu

Khushee

he

Pashto

Munshee

Mu, she

Punjabi

Shereni

She, re, ni

Saraki

Khushee

she Shereni

------------ENGLISH--------------Sa

English

Saw

Saw

To

English

Today

To, da

Chi(chee) English No

Cheek Knoty

no

Noo (nu) English

Nook

no

Nee (ni) English

Marconi

Ma, ko, ni

Na

English

Che

English

Banana

Hoo (hu)

Hay

English

Who/huge

English

Hay

Foo (Fo)/fu English

bull, full, dull Fool, food, zoo Follower, doll, focuss, box

He (hee)hi English

He/heel/his

114 Moo

English

Mee

English

Meeting, Army

Ma

English

Mother

Ro

Engl;ish

Row

Ray

English

Race

Ru

English

Rue, Ruth

Re

English

Reaction

Ra

English

Raw

Yo

English

York

Yu(Yoo) English

Moment

Universe

Ya

English

Yark

Noon

English

Carton

Go

English

Gown

Gu(goo)

English

Goose

Gee

English

Refugee

Ga

English

Game

Zoo

English

Zoo

Zay

English

Zebra

Do

English

Though, Do

Day/de

English

Today/department

English

Dual/door

Du (doo)

115 Da

English

Dadaism

Bo

English

Bow

Bay

English

Bay

English

Boor, Book

Bee

English

Begin

Ba

English

Balm

Po

English

Pope

Pu

English

Pupae, Pure

English

Pigeon

English

Paw/pay

English

Queue ku (qu)

Bu (boo)

Pee/pi

Pa Ku/Q

Qee

English

Queen

Sho

English

Show

Shoe

English

Shoe

Sha

English

Bradshaw

Jo

English

Joke

English

Jupiter

English

Jaw

Ju(joo)

Ja

116 Cho

English

Chose

Chu

English

Choose

Cha

English

Chat

Hu

English

Huge

Bayo

English

Abeyant

Beue (bew) English

Beautiful

Baya

Mayo

English

Mew (meu) English

Municipal

New (Neue) English

News

Rayo (raue) English

Review

Raya, in Urdu Punjabi, Pothohari, Arabic and Persian: Raya/ Riya

Urdu

Rayakar

Punjabi

Bheraya

Pothohari

Uperaya

Arabic

Riaz

Persian

Riya

Three very important sounds of Kata Kana: Wa/va

Pa/ue

English

Vagabond

Urdu

Wala, Humnava

Urdu

Paivest

Punjabi

Paue

Saraiki

paue

117 Pew

English

Pew

JAPANI ZAMAIR Kare

woh (mard)

He/him

Kanojo

woh (orat)

She

Kanojyo

os, ossay

her (fm)

Anate

aap, tum.

You/him (Singular, normal)

Watashi na

Mein/maira

Gomennasai. Watashi no nihongo wa heta desu. Mujhy afsus hai kah Mari Japani etni achi nahai. Sorry, my Japanese is not so good.

Me, mine Maslan

118 Watashi

Mein

I

Watashitachi

Hum

We

Karera

(they/them)

Anatatachi/anatagata - you (plural/jama kay liay mustamal hai) Karetachi/karera - them (jab mard aur oration kay garo ka hawala aa raha ho) Kanojotachi/kanojora - them

(khatein kay gar okay liay estamal kartay hain)

I

am

desu

He/she/it desu

is

desu we/they/you

He/...

was

deshita

We/...

were

deshita

Will be

are

desu

Aata pata puchna Kara kimashita (Jagah: kahaan aana) Aap ka kahaan say aana howa? / Aap kahaan say aa’ay hain? / Aap ka kis mulak say ta’alaq hai? / Aap kahaan rehtay hain? / Aap kis mulak main rehtay hai. / Aap kis sehar main rehtay hai? Jawab yah ho ga: Mein Pakistan/kasur say aaya hoon. I came from Pakistan. Likin yahan, watashi wa (kalaam karnay wala) hazaf ho ja’ay ga: (watashi wa) pakisutan kara kimashita. Kazi-san: pakisutan kara kimashita. Marutin haru-san wa amerika kara kimashita?

119 Mr. Martin Hall amriki hain?/ Mr. Martin Hall amrika kay bashinday hain?/ Mr. Martin Hall amrika kay rehnay walay hain?/

GINTI Eak One Ichi Doo (2) Two Ni Teen (3) Three San Char (4) Four Shi (Das kay baad yon) Panch (5) Five Go Shay (6) Six Saat (7) Seven Roku Shichi (Das kay baad nana aata hai) Aath (8) Eight Hachi

120 No (9)

Nine Kyuu

Das (10) Ten Juu

DINOON KAY NAAM Aitwar

Sunday

Nichiyoubi (Sun-day) Peer

Monday

Gebuyoubi (Moon) Mungal Kayoubi (Fire)

Tuseday

121 Budh

Wednesday

Suiyoubi (Water) Jumiraat

Thursday

Mokuyoubi (Free) Jumah kinyoubi

Friday

(Gold) Haftah

Saturday

Doyoubi (Dirt) MAHINOON KAY NAAM Ichigat

Juanuary

Nigatsu

February

Sangatsu

March

Shigatsu

April

Gogatsu

May

Rokugatsu

June

Shichigatsu July Hachigatsu August Kugatsu

September

122 Jyk-gatsu

October

Juuichigatsu November Juunigatsu

December

OQAAT Gogo

Shaam

P.M

Gozen

subh

A.M

Han

aadha

half

Maslan nijihan (doo baj’kar 30 mintues) -Ji yo-ji/ku-ji -----o'clock Jikan

ghinta

hour

-fun/pun ip-pun/ni-fun minute Nichi Ichi-

din/jama kay liay bhi nichi hi estamal main aa’ay ga eak din

1 day

day(s)

123 Mik-ka

doo din/dosra dn/agla din

2 days/2nd day

Yok-ka

teen din/ tisra din/dosray say agla din

3 days/3rd day

Itsu-ka

char din/chotha din/tisray say agla din

4 days/4th day

Mui-ka

panch din/panchwaan/din/chothay say agla din 5 days/5th day

Nano-ka

chay din/chata din/panchwain say agla din

6 days/6th day

Yoo-ka

saat din/satwaan dindin/chatay say agla din

7 days/7th day

Kokono-

ath din/athwaan din/ satwain say agla din

8 days/8th day

Too-ka

no’on din/nowaandin/athwain say agla din

9 days/9th day

Juu-ichi-nichi das din/nowaan din/nowain say agla din Hatsu-ka

10 days/10th day

giyara din/daswaan din/daswain say agla din 11 days/11th day

-Syuu-Kan isshuu-kan/nishuu-kan/san-shuu-kan 20 din/biswaan din/19swain say agla din Ka-getsu ikkagetsu’ rokkagetsu Week haftah -tsuki hito-tsuki/futa-tsuki -nen (kan) ichi-nen/ni-nen/san-nen/yo-nen Month mahinah arsa Morning subh hiru Noon doopehar ban Evening

shaam

yoru

Night

raat

gozen-chuu

20 days/20th day

124 Gogo

dopehar kay waqt

in the afternoon

Kesa

aaj subh

this morning

Konban

aaj shaam

this evening

Kyoo

aaj

today

Kinoo

kal (guzra)

yesterday

Ashita

kal (aata)

tomorrow

Konshuu

es eftay

this week

Senshuu

guzray haftay

last week

Raishuu

aglay haftay

next week

Sengetsu

pechlay mahinay

last month

Raigetsu

aglay mahinay

next month

Kotoshi

es saal

this year

Kyonen

pechlay sal

last year

Rainen

aglay sal

next year

Ima

abhi

now

Atode

baad

after

Sugu

khatam karna

right away

Hayaku

jald

early

Osoku

dair

late

Moo

jald

soon

Dandan

aahistah aahistah

gradually

Hachi-ji ni

aath bajay

at eight

125 Roku-jihan ni saray chay bajay

at 6:30

Kin'yoobi ni

Jumay ko

on Friday

Sangatsu ni

march main

in March

CHAR MOSAM Haru

bahar

Spring

Natsu

garma

Summer

Aki

khizaan

Autumn

Fuyu

sarma

Winter

126

RESHTAY Okusan

bivi

Shufu

garailo orat

Wife

House Wife (Sui dhaga waghera rakhnay wali thaili) Oniisan

Bara bhai

Elder brother

Oneesan

Bari Behan

Elder sister

Otooto

Chota bhai

Younger brother

Imooto

Choti Behan

Younger sister

Tomodachi Dost/sajan/baili

Friend

127 Okaasa

Maan

Mother

Otoosan

Baap

father

Yome

bahoo, baitay ki bivi

Daughter in law

Huuto

susar

Father in law (bride's father)

Ojiisan

dada/nana

grandfather (vocative, others, stranger)

Obaasan dadi/nani

grandmother (Vocative, others, stranger)

Sobo [my] harachigai no kyoodai/shimai Half brother/sister Okaasan

Jo eak joray ki olad na ho maan ya baap alag say hoon

(Vocative, other's) maan Mother

Haha (my)

maan

Mother

Shuutome

bhatiji

broiher’s daughter

Niece meego-san [other's] Mee

maira/mairi (my)

Oigo-san (other's)

bhatija

(Dost yar waghera ki baiti) Broiher’s daughter

Nephew oi (my) Kyoodai-shimai

khoon kay reshtay/pehli aur baad ki mushtarik olaad ka apsi reshtah

siblings

Keefu

sotila baap

Step father

Ojisan

taya, chacha, mamoon, phupha, khalo

Uncle

128

JISAM KAY HISOON KAY NAAM Uesuto qamar

waist

Ude

bazoo

arm

Mune

sinah

chest

Yubi

ongli

finger

Ashi

paoon/taang

Kami/kami-no-ke baal Te Atama

hath

hand

sar

head

foot/leg hair

129 Shinzoo

dil

heart

Oshiri

kohlay

hips

Kuchi

monh

mouth

Hana

naak

nose

Kata

kandha

shoulder

Hifu/hada jild

skin

Onaka

mehdha

stomach

Shita

zoban

tongue

Ha

dant

tooth

Me -

aankhain eye

Medama

abro

eyeball

Mimi

Kan

ear

Kuchibiru hont

lips

Kubi

garden

neck

Ke

baal

hair

Hidai

paishani forehead

Hou

rukhsar

cheek

Kao

cehra

face

Hiji

kohni

elbow

Oyayubi

anggotha thumb (oya = parent)

Naizou

androni aza

Kinniku

asaab muscle

internal organs

130 Hone

hadi

Momo

bone thigh

Sune

thodi

shin

Hiza

ghotna

knee

Ashikubi

airi

ankle

Kotsuban

khola

pelvis

Daichou

Bari ant

large intestine

SIMATAIN Higashi

mashriq

east

Nishi

Maghrib

west

Kito

shamal

north

Mimami

janoob

south

Massugu

sidha

straight ahead

Emukatte

aagay/ki janib towards

Senaka

pusht/pichay

back

131

RANG Aka/reddo

Surakh

red

Kuro

Kala/saiya

black

Shiro/howaito

Sofaid

white

Gure

Sarmae

gray

Iero

Pila/zard

yellow

Midori/guriin

Sabz

green

Daidai/orinji

Malta/sangtara rang (Orange color)

Murasaki/papuru

Arghawani

purple

132 Burun

Bhura

brown

MEDICAL SAY MOTALAQ ESTALAHAAT Zuttsu

Sar Dard

headach

Isha

Daktar

Doctor

Chintsuzai

Dard Kush (dawa) pain killer

Kozegusuri Thaindi dawa cool medicine (Hamaray haan bhi yah term Hukama ka haan mustamal hai. khasusam hamlah ortoon ki dwa kay liay boltay hain.) Kou ketsu atsu

Boland gardash-e-khoon

high blood pressure

Ibuprofen

Dard ki goli ka naam

brufen

133 Hiyakedomi

suraj ki garmi say bachnay wala mehlool Sun block loction

Shindan sare-masu are

tashkhis shoda

Eizu

eak mohlak bimari ka naam AIDS

Asupirin

aspirin

Hootai

ati

bandage

Bando-eido

Nagihani pati

1st aid Bandage

Kurinikku

Clinic

Haisha

dantoon kay amraz ka mahar

Netsu

bukhar

fever

Byooin

haspatal

hospital

Kega

zakhmi

injury

Kusuri

dawa

medicine

Kangofu

nurse

nurse

Ninshin

hamal

pregnancy

Byooki

bimari/alalat

sickness

Bitamin

diagnosed

dentist

vitamin

Kanja

mareez (jama)

patients

Iryouhi

medical par honay wala kharcha Medical expenses

Kenshin-deeta

honay walay medical ki tafsilaat Medical examination data

134 Kensa

medical moaenah (medical) check

TALEEM Pen

Qalam

pen

Enpitsu

Pencil

pencil

Kami

Kaghaz

writing paper

--- Nensee

---sal ka talib-e-ilm

--- year student Maslan

Ichinensee

Sal-e-awal ka talib-e-ilm

Ryuugakusee Bainul aqwami talib-e ilm Kagaku

Sanence

science

first year student international student

135 Ajiakenkyuu Aloom-e-Ashiya ka motalah Keezai

Moashiyaat

Economics

Bungaku

Adab

Literature

Rekishi

Tarikh

History

Shufu

Talib-e-ilm

Student

Asian studies

*Sensee

Ustaad/professor teacher

Kookoosee

High School

Daigakuinsee

Graduate

Daigakusee

Kalag ka talib-e-ilm

Daigaku

College/university

College Student

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*Professor (School, College University aur kuch bhi sikhanay waly kay liay bol saktay hain.)

FITRAT Hare

Mosam saaf hona

Clear

(Bay’bak, wazay, moamlay ka saaf hona) Kumo

badal

cloud

Kumori

matla abar aaloda

cloudy

Aki

girna

fall

Hi

aag

fire

Hana

phool

flower

136 Kusa

ghas

grass

Oka

pahari

hill

Mizuumi

jheel

lake

Tsuki

chand

moon

Yama

pahar

mountain

Umi

sumondar/ behar

ocean

Ame

baresh

rain

Kawa

darya

river

Sora

aasman

sky

Yuki

baraf

snow

(Paharoon par parnay wali) Hoshi

sitara

star

Taiyoo/hi

suraj

sun

Ki

darakht

tree

Tenki

mosam

wheather

Kaze

hawa

wind

Fuyu

sarma

winter

Sekai

dunyaan/jahan

world

137

KHORAK AUR OS SAY MOTALQAAT Toriniku

Bawarchi’khana

kitchen

Tabemono

Khana/khorak

food

Gyuniku

Gost

beef

Choshoku

Nashtah

breakfast

Chushoku

Khana

meal

Keishoku

Halki ghiza

light meal

Chiizu

paneer

cheese

Tomago

Anday

eggs

138 Sarada

Salaad

salad

Pan

Roti

bread

Tosuto Menrui

toast Phalyaan

Pasta

noodles pasta

Gohan

Chawal

rice

Mame

Phalyaan

beans

O-cha

Sabz cha’ay

green tea

Kocha

Kali cha’ay (omomi) bleck tea

Kaju

Ras

juice

Mizu

Pani

Water

Biiru

beer

Wain

Sharaab

wine

Foku

Shakh

Fork

Shio

Namak

salt

Kosho

Kali mirch

black pipper

Shoyu

Shabgrila

soy sauce

Uisukii

Naam sharaab/valaiti sharaab

Soda

Mashroob (pepsi, cola, shizan wagherah) soda

Kora

Mashroob (pepsi, cola wagherah

whiskey

(Co ka mutradaf Ko, la ka mutradaf ra) Tonikku vata

tonic water

Cola

139 Orenji jusu

Sangtaray/maltay ka ras orange juice

Onzarokku

Ba’ma baraf with Baraf kay sath/baraf dal kar

Teishoku

Moqarrah qimat ka khana fixed price meal

Suki na tabemono

pasandidah khana

Aisukuriimu

favorite food icecream

Banana

Kaila

banana

Budoo

angoor

grapes

Remon

(l, r main tabdeel ho kar japnese ban giya hai) Limoon

lemen

Jagaimo/potato Gohan

aalu chawal

potato Rice

Toriniku

murgha

Chicken

Sakana

mashli

Fish

Kohii

kafi

Coffee

Ocha

cha’ay

Tea

Gyuunuu

doodh

Milk

Kudamono

phal

Fruit

Ringo

saieb

Apple

Mikan

sangtara

Orange

Bijitarain/yasai

Sabziyaan

vegetables

ice

140

DASTAR KHAWAN AUR BAWARCHI KHANAY SAY MOTALQAAT Koppu

glass

glass

Sagete

Thali

plate

(Plate bhi mustamal hai) Supun

Chamcha

spoon

Saji

chamcha

spoon

Chopstics waribashi Yakan

half-split

kaitle

kettle

141 Naifu/hoochoo

chaqo

knife

Mikisaa

mixsar

mixer

Abura

khurdni tail

cooking oil

Furaipan

farae karnay wala bartanpan

Nabe Suihanki

bartan/kabi/rakabi pot chawal pakanay wala cooker/bartan

Shamoji/hera Satoo

spatula (for rice) chini, khand

Toosutaa

sugar toaster

SHAKAS KAY MOTALAQ KAH WOH KAISA HAI Shitashimiyasui

dostana

Friendly

Shinsetsu

Meharban

Kind

Ga yoi (Kanji)

kushgowar

pleasant

Akarui

Kushi mazaj

Cheerful

Kakkoii

Thanda/sard

Cool

Omoshiroi

(jis say) lutaf mil raha ho Amusing

Kashikoi

Chalaak

Clever

rice cooker

142 Atamaii

Dubla patla

Smart

Tensai-teki

Zahein

Genius

DAFATAR Soomu-bu/soomu-ka

Adm. Department

Keeri-bu/keeri-ka

Budget/acct. department

Gijutsu-bu/gijutsu-ka

Engineering department

Zaimu-bu/zaimu-ka

Finance department

Roomu-bu/roomu-ka

indust. Relation department

Ji-bu/ji-ka

Personnel department

seesan-kanri-bu/seesan-kanri-ka

prod. Contl. dept.

143 Koohoo-shitsu

Public relation dept.

-- -bu

--department

--jigyoo-honbu

--division

--Shitsu/ jimusho

--office/office

Kaichoo shitsu

chairman office

--ka

--sectionss

Shisha/shiten

Branch office

Kaigishitsu

Conference room

Honsha

Main office

OHDAY/RANKS Torishimari-yaku-kai

Board of directors

Kaichoo

Chairman

Shachoo

President

Fuku-shachoo

Exec. Vice present

Senmu-torishimari-yaku

Exec. Managing Director

Joomu-torishimari-yaku

Managing director

Torishimari-yaku

Director

144 Buchoo

General Manager

Jichoo

Deputy Gen. Manager

Kachoo/buchoo-dairi

Manager/act. gen. Mananger

Kakari-choo/kachoo-dairi

Group chief/act. Man.

Buin/kain

daftari amlah

staff

Kaishain

Daftari, chaprasi

(daftar main kaam karnay

wala adna malazam) Office worker Bengoshi

Wakeel

Lawyer

Shigoto

Malazmat, kaam, paisha

Job, Work, Occupation

JAGAIN Eki

Railway station

Chuugoku-ryooriya

Cinese restaurant

Kissaten

Cffee shop

Basu tei

lari ada

bus stand/station

Kuko

hawae adda

airport

Gosorin Hosuteru

gas station hastal

hostel

145 Hoteru

hotal

hotel

Baa

sharab’khana/meh’kadah

Resutoran

bar

restaurant

Michi

gali

streat

Tera

Mundar

temple

Ginkou

Bank

Keisatsusho Thana

Police Station

Kōban

Thana

police station

Byuoisn

Haspatal

Hospital

Byōin

Haspatal

hospital

Yuubinkyoku Dak khana

Post Office

Kurabu

Night Club

Kankō annai jyo

travel agency

Michi / Tōri

street

Shoppingu sentā /Shōtengai shopping centre Hakubutsu kan

museum

Kōen

park

Shiyakusho

city hall

Kōshū toire

public restrooms

Machi no chūshin / Chūshin gai

town centre

146 Kōgai

suburb

Bia gāden

beer garden

Kinnen butsu

monument

Bā / Izakaya --------wa doko desu dain.) Maslan

bar (khali jagah par kisi bhi jagah ka naam add kar

Where is the --------Yuubinkyoku wa doko desu? Dak’khanah kahaan hai? Where is the post office? Shiba depaatomentro wa doko desu ka? Where is shiba Departmental Store? Shiba Departmental Store kahaan hai?

Mulkoon kay naam Japan America Canada England France Germany India Korea Pakistan

nihon amerika kanada Igirisu furansu doitsu indo kankoku pakisutan

147

Naam aur thaan thikana Seraf apnay mulk kay naam ka sath Jin ka azafah kar dain: Nihon jin Japanese person japani bashindah pakisutan-jin Pakistani person Pakistan ka rihaishi kankoku-jin Koreai person Korea ka rehnay wala

148 Indo-jin Indian hidustani (India ka rehnay wala) Shehri kay liay Amratesaru-ji Amratsari, amrat’sar ka rehnay wala Kasuru ji kasuri, kasur ka rehnay wala Karachi ji Karachi ka rehnay wala Qomu ji qomi, qom ka rehnay wala Qomiat Sayado syed Jate ji jat Rajaputa rajpoot Kamaboji kambo Hindoji hindo Musaruji muslim Garohoon wagherah kay moamlah main bhi yahhi rovaeya rava rakha jata hai. Maslan jamat-e-islamiji ja-ma-te-isu-ra-mi ensaf partyji ee-na-sa-fu-pa-ra-te

JANWAROON KAY NAAM (1) Neko

billi

Cat

Inu

Kota

dog

Kaeru

maindak

frog

Karasu

kawa

Crow

Ushi

ga’ay

cow

149 Hitsuji

bakri/bakriaan

Sheep

Niwatori

murgh

Chicken

Buta

suar

Pig

Ahiru

batakh

Duck

Saru

bandar

monkey

Gojiran

Godzilla

Doubutsu -

janwar

animal

Tori

prinda

bird

Uma

ghora

horse

Nezumi

choha

mouse, rat

Hari nezumi

hedgehog (needle rat)

Shishi

shair

lion

Tora

Chita

tiger

Hebi

sanp

Risu Usagi

squirrel khargosh

Tokage Zou

snake

rabbit lizard

hathi

Taka

elephant hawk

Washi

baz

eagle

Shika

hirn

deer

Yagi

bakra

goat

150 Dachou

ostrich

Rakuda

onth

camel

Gachou

goose

Hakuchou

swan

Kitsune

Lomri

Mujina

fox badger

Wani

chapkili/mager’mash

Aquatic Animals (2) Kame

turtle

Iruka

dolphin

Sakana

fish

Same

shark

Azarashi

seal

alligator

151 Tako

octopus

Kujira

whale

Kurage

jellyfish

Unagi

eel

Hamaguri

clam

Ika

squid

Kani

crab

Seiuchi

walrus

Insects (3) Mushi

insect

Hachi

bee

Ka

mosquito

Mimizu

earthworm

Imomushi

caterpillar

152 Chou

butterfly

Kumo

spider

Gokiburi

cockroach

Hae

fly

Ari

ant

Inago

grasshopper

Sasori

scorpion

Namekuji

slug

Hiru

leech

OMOMI BOOL CHAAL Konichi (wa)

kalmah-e-mokhakhtab

hello

Arizatou

shukarreya

thank you (normal)

Ohayou

subh ba’kair

good morning (Normal & formal)

Konban wa

shab ba’khair

good evening (normal)

Soyonara

khuda hafiz

good bye

153 Sumimasen

moaf kijiay

excuse me/I am sorry

Gomenasai

mujhy afsus hai

(na sonae dainay ki surat main) I am sorry (Ghalti ki Surat main)

Wakarimasen mein samjha nahain

I don’t understand

Shirimasen

Mein nahain janta I don’t know

mujhy maloom nahain

Ogenki desu ka?

Aap kaisay hain?

How areyou?

Honto?

Waqae/haqeqtan?

Really?

Mite

Daikho

look

Isoide

Jaldi karain.

Hurry up

Dai suki sesu

Mein aap se mohabat karta hoon. I love you.

Choshiga warui desu mehsus karta hoon.

Mairi tabiat thek nahain. Mein khud ko bimar I feel sick.

Byouin ni ikitai

Mujhy doctor ko dikhanay ki zarorat hai.

Hai

haan

yes

Hai?

han?

yes?

Lie

nahain

I need doctor.

no

Suki desu ka? kya aap essay pasand kartay hain? Kiya aap ko yah pasand hai? Do you like it? Honto ni suki desu

mein waqae essay pasand karta hoon. I really like it.

Goshinpai naku

mehsus na karain/ fikar’mand na hoon. Don’t worry.

Omishiroi!

Kitna dil’chasp!

Mita ne

Baad main aap say molaqat hogi.

How interesting!

Baad main aap say molaqat rahay gi.

154 Baad main miltay hai. Phir miltay hain See you later.

GHUSAL KHANAH Ha himagaki

dant saaf karnay wala paste

toothpaste

Haburashi

dant saaf karnay wala bursh

toothbrush

Tanpon

Tampons

Sekken

saboon

soap

Shanpu

shanpo

shampoo

Komisori

ostara a

razor

155 Toire Furoba

taharat’khana

toilet

ghusal’khana

bathroom

Toiretto-peepaa

toilet paper

SAWALIYA Doco/doko

kahaan

where

Nani

kiya

what

Naze

kayoon

why

Itsu

kab

when

Dare

kon

who

Donate

koon

who

156 Dare kurai

kaisay/kis tara

how

Doo

kaisay

how

Dochira

Koon’sa

which

Dore (particular object):

koon’sa

which

Dono

Which (object)

Dochira

kis taraf/janib

Donna

kaisa/kis qesam ka

Nan

kiya

which side/way

What

Doko ni

Where to

Doko de

Where at

Dare

to

dare ni

With whom To whom [did you give something]

Donna

What kind of

Nan de

How (by what means, as in travelling)

Ikaga

How (used to propose something, like "how about X?")

Ikura

How much (does something cost)

Ikutsu

How many (also used for asking a person's age)

157 Donogurai?

How long will something take

Itsu

When (time in general)

Nanji

What time (specific hour)

Nan-youbi

What day (of the week)

Nan-nichi

What day (of the month), or what date

Nangatsu

What month

Nan-kagetsu

How manu months

Nan-nen

What year

Nan-nin

How many people

Nanbiki

How many animals

Nangai

What floor (of a building)

NASHRIYAAT Kookoku/seden

tasheer, testihar, mashhori, mushtahar

advertisemen

Komyunikeeshon/tsuushin

rabtah

communication

Kaiwa

moqalma, guftagu

conversation

Kaigi

mulaqaat, bahmi baat cheet

conference/meeting

Deeta

malomaat, tafselaat data

Tooron/giron

baat cheet, salah mashwarah

discussion

158 Setsumee

jawab dahi, jawabdawa, wazahat, tafselaat Explanation

Fakkusu

fax

Infomeeshon

etla

information

Kotoba

zoban

language

Tegami

chithi, khat

letter

Zasshi

resalah

magazine

Kotozuke

paigham

message

Eega

filam/mundwa

movie

Nyuusu

khabr

news

Shinbun

akhbar

newspaper

Happyoo

paish’kash

presentation

Rajio

radio

Hanashi

baat cheet, guftagu

talk

Denpoo

taar

telegram

Denwa

telephone

Terebi

television

Bideo

video

Kaizen

behtari

improvement

Shuushin

ta’hayat, zindgi bhar

lifetime

159

MALAZMAT Koyoo

malazmzat/tainati

employment

Shooshin

taraqi

promotion

Taishoku/intai say faraght

mudat malazmat ya umar puri ho janay kay baad, malazmat

Tenkin

tabadla

transfer

160

OMUMI ESTALAHAAT Ookii

Bara

big

Chiisai

Chota

small

Chikai

nazdeek

near

Tooi

door

far

Wakai

jawan

young

Benri na

mofeed

useful

Fuben na

Incontinent

161 Shizuka na

pur’sakoon peaceful

Shinsetsu na

meharban

Yuumei na

Maroof/mashhoor

famous

Kirei na

piyara, saaf, suthra

pretty, clean, neat

Atsui

garam

Atatakai

neem garam warm

Samui

sard/thanha

cold

Tsumetai

thand

cool

Taisetsu na

Zarori/lazami

important

Hontoo na

sach/haqeqi

true

Taihen na

sangidah, aagah awful

Hanama na

khoob’ro

hand some

Mamasu (zara)

daikho

see

Yusu

jawani

youth

Yabui

sasta/kamina

cheep

Takai

mehnga

expensive

Wagamama

khud gharz

selfish

Namake mono

sust

lazy

Hito natsukoi

dostana

friendly

Majime

sanjida/shadeed serious

Sariman

karobari aadmi

businessman

Iro

rang

color

kind

hot

162 Shuumi

shaghal

hobby

Suteki

azeem

great

Pasoko

kamputer

computer

Yoi

acha, behtar

good

Warui

bura

bad

Maamaa na

acha na’bura

so so

Kasa

chatri

umbrella

Kiotte

daak tikat

postage stamp

Hagaki

khat

post card

Reshiito

raseed

receipt

Kyo

aaj

today

Suki na supootsu

pasandaidah khail

Takusi Kirei na

favorite sport

taxi safae karnay wali cheez

cleaner

Hiroi

bohat Bara

bigger

Kansha

Tehseen

appreciation

Iku

Jana

go

Aruku

chalna

Walk

Ijou

say zeyadah

more than

Chuui

ehtyaat, tovajo, aawazah care, caution

Hitsuyou desu jis ki zarorat ho

required

163 Nari-masu

hona, waqo

becomes

Ketsuatsu,

khoon ka dabao

blood pressure

Kettou

blood sugar level

Koresuterooru

cholesterol

No uchi

ZAEQAH Nigai Talakh Bitter Oishii Lazeez Delicious Shoppai/ka

main say

out of

164 Namkeen Salty

LIBAS AUR OS SAY MOTALQAAT Kaban Brief case Handobaggu Dasti thaila Handbag Yoofuku Maghrabi libas

165 Clothes western Kimono Japani libas Clothes Japanese Megane Ainik/chashmah Glasses Uwagi Jacket Nekkuresu Necklace Nekutai Necktie Yubiwa Anguthi Ring Waishatsu Shirt Kutsuu Jotay Shoes Sukaaato

166 Skirt Surippa Slippers Kutsushita Jorabain Socks Seetaa Sweater Zubon Trousers Shitagi Underwear Tokee Watch Particles TARAIFAK Tomare

Teharna/rokna

Stop

Joko

Aawaza

Caution

Ippo/tusuki Yak’tarfah

One way

Chusha kinshi Yahaan gari khari na karain/yahaan gari kari karna mumnoon hai No parking Segen sokudo

Mehdood rafter, mukhsus raftar

167 Speed limited Gasorin

Patrol/gaes petrol/gas

Keiyu/diizeru

Dizal Diesel

ESHARAY Kore

yah

(bolnay walay kay qareeb hi)

Are koko

this

(near speaker)

Sore

wo/yahaan

that/here

Asoko

wahaan

there

Kara

Say/az

from

Kono----

yah---

This----

Koko

yahaan

here

Koo Koo

es janib, es taraf this way

168 Kochira

es taraf (shakhas) this side

Konna

es tara ka/aisa this kind of

Sore

Wo sonnay walay kay qareeb that (near hearer)

Sono----

woh---- (jaga, cheez, shakhas) that-----

Soko

wahaan

there

Soo, soo

os taraf, os tara that way

Sochira

os taraf (shakhas) that side

Sonna

os tara ka

that kind of

Are (talafaz a-re) wahaanthat

(over there)

Ano----

wo-----

that----

Achira

os janib

that side (shakhas/person)

Anna

os qesam ka that kind of

Greetings Japan main mukhtalif oqaat main mukhtalif greeting ki terms estamal hoti hain aur en ka puri tara say khayaal rakha jata hai: Ohayou gozaimasu. Subh ba’hai Good morning. Konbanwa. Shab ba’khai Good evening. (andhaira cha janay kay baad) Greeting after dark Oyasumi nasai. Raat ba’khair Konnichiwa (din kay doran)

Good night. Good day/Hello. Greeting during the day

Japan main adab aadab (humbleness) ka bari shidat say khayaal rakha jata hai. Bool chall main es ki mukhtalif suratain hoti hain aur en ka ta’alaq reshtay aur shakhasi wastay aur ta’alaq say hota hai:

169 Okaerinasai

ghar aanay par ji bismilla/ ghar aanay par

(Andhaira cha janay kay baad) greeting after dark Ostad ya officer say molaqaat par:

Ohay gozaimasu (mo’adab)

Kisi ajnabi say subh kay waqt molaqaat par:

Ohay gozaimasu (mo’adab)

Isogashī toko, arigatō aap nay waqt diya, es k liay shukarreya. Thanks for your time. (Casual) Domo arigatō gozaimasu. Bari bari meharbani Thanks a lot. Totemo kansha shite imasu. Bara bara shukarreya. Many thanks. Dō itashimashite aap ko kush’aamdeed You’re welcome Go shinsetsu ni dōmo. Wo bara meharban hai. That is very kind Shinsetsu ni arigatō.

170 Aap kitnay meharban hain? How kind of you. (Casual) Arigatai desu Mein aap ka mamnoon/ehsan’mand hoon. I am grateful to you. Arigatou Shukarreya Thank you Yoroshiku Onegaishimasu Aap say mil kar khushi hoe. Pleased to meet you. Yookoso khush aamdaid Welcome Omedetou gozaimasu Mobarak’baad Congratulations Oagari Kudasai Manotoko Meharbani karkay mairay ghar aaein. Please come into my home. Yoi ichinichi o Achay din ki khaesh kay sath. Have a nice day. Sayoonara Khoda hafiz Goodbye

171

CHAND ALFAZ/ MARAKBAAT JO BOOL CHAL MAIN MOHAVRAY KA DARJA RAKHTAY HAIN: Urikomi

kaam

Karai, Do business

karobar karain

• jikan ga kakari-masu es main waqt lagay ga/ es kay liay waqt darker hai It takes times • oubei yorap aur amreka

172 Europe and USA • keiei-kanbu intazamiya Executives • Chokusetsu setsumei suru bilawasta wazay karay Directly explain • kikai moqa Opportunity • iwayuru

naam niha So called toppu-daun opar, nichay/nashaib-o-faraz Top-down

• yarikata rasta/tareqa/atkal/andaz Way, method • chigai-masu (aisa hona) mushkal hai Is different • heri-masen zawal na aaya Nahain gira Did not fall • karera ga seikatsu dekinakereba yahaan tak kah woh apna jivan na bita sakay Unless they could not live their lives • Hanzai wa nakunaranai juram khatam nahai ho sakta Crime would not diminish

173 • Shigoto wo atae-mashita malazmat/kaam/dhandah diya Gave a job • shokugyou-kunrenjo tarbieti adarah Training institute • taterare-mashita tamir kiya giya Was built • oe-mashita takmeel, makamal, khatam, tamam howa Finished • tamete oki-mashita mehfooz ho chokna/choka Had saved • nagaiki suru zeyadah dair barqarar reh/ji sakna Can live longer • Egaita biyan kiya Described • shousetsu novel • warumono buray log Bad people • minogasanai nazar andaz na hona/karna Not overlook • ippou jab/esna/lamhah

174 While • toraeta touzoku choroon ka hasat main lay laina Arrested thieves • rikai wo shimesu humdardi Sympathize • chousa kekka survey results Opar uphill Pahari kay opar Mushkal • Kudari Pahari kay nichay Downhill Nichay • Magaru Bari

Turn

• Made Talafaz: ma-de/di tak Until • Soshite pher Then • Yukkuri (say) lamba Longer • Hanasu Aahistah Bolain Speak Slowly

175 • Seerusu bikri Sales • Atte-kureru aap say kis ki molaqat hoe/ Aap say koon mila? Who meet you? • Katagaki compni main ohdah/haisiat Position in the company • Sutaffu amlah Staff • Yoi to omoeba agar woh essy behtar lain If (he) takes (it) good • Joushi (say) behtar/ (Say) barhya Superior Mazrat Sumimasen...

moaf kijiay ga/moaf karma/mazrat Excuse me (Formal)

Ano...

Excuse me (Casual)

Shitsurei shimasu.

Excuse me (Very polite)

Gomen nasai/Sumimasen

Sorry

I'm sorry.

176

Insani moods Koofuku Kanashii Okoru Bikkuri Suru

Kush afsurda ghusa main/naraz hairat’zada/hiran

Happy Sad Angry Surprised

177

Kuch zarori batain: 1- Kisi vowel par nishan”-“aawaz ko khinchta/lamba karta hai goya yah do vowels/lafz hain. Mairay khayal main ager doo vowel/haraf likh diay jaein to aasani rahay gi. Maslan Sayonara, yahan o ki aawaz lambi ho ja’ay gi. Kyoto (O par nishan – hai), Tokyo/ Tookyoo (donoon o par nishan – hai) yasashî ki baja’ay yasashii likh diya ja;ay to kiya mazaeqa hai. 2- N wowel kay bagher darmiyan ya aakhar main aata hai. 3- Eak sath doo haroof jaisay tt, kk, aa jaein to boltay waqt waqfah dain. Maslan Gakko (yahaan o kay opar nishain – hai) ga ko Chotto cho to

178 ya Cho t o 4- Dohray haroof ki surat main eak talaz karain. 5- Romaji main aawazoon ka Angraizi kay mowaqaf talafaz nahain karta. Maslan Are a-re Kite ki-te Sake sa- ki Bite bi-ti/bi-te Fake fa-ke Shake sha-ke Fate fu-te Pak pa-ku Pakistan pa-ki-su-ta-n Site sa-ti/te Dite di-te 6- Qomiat, tashakhas aur (qabilah, kunbah, jamaat wagherah) shanakhat kay ezhar kay liay aakhar main jin ka azafah kar daitay hain. 7- Sawaliya kay liay jumlay kay aakhar main “ka” barha diya jata hai. 8- Munfi bananay kay liay, desu hata kar de wa arimasen/de wa ni laga daiya jata hai. 9- Haan (yes) kay liay “hai” aur naan kay liay “lie” barha diya jata hai. 10- Exclamatory kay liay aakhar main “ne” ka aazafah kar diya jata hai. 11- Too, also kay liay “mo” estamal kartay hain. Maslan Kazi wa haji desu, watashi mo haji dese. Qazi haji hai (likin) mein bhi haji hoon. 12- “kore”, “sore” aur “ar e” kay estamal say subject ko point out kartay hain. Maslan Kore wa konto desu Wo eak bandooq hai. 13- Doo lafzoon kay darmiyan “no” kay azafay say jumlah possessive ban jata hai. 14- Watashi kay baad “no” kay estamal say maeni maira (my, mine) ban jatay hain. 15- Anata kay baad “no” aa ja’ay to es say aap ka/tumhara (your) maeni marad liay jatay hain. 16- Kore kay baad “no” barha dainay say maeni os ka (his) ho jatay hain.

179 17- Kanojo kay baad “no” kay estamal say maeni Os ka/ki (her) ho jatay hain. 18- Watashitachi kay baad “no” kay estamal say maeni hamara (our) liay jatay hain. 19- Verb arimasue (aru) ko “have” aur “there is” kay maenoon main estamal kiya jata hai. 20- Arimasu aur imasu jagah ki nishan’dahi kay liay estamal hotay hain. 21- Totemo aur taihen bohat aur jo zeyadah na ho (very aur not very) kay liay estamal kiya jata hai. 22- Koko, soko, asoko aur doko ka jagah, log aur surat ki nishan’dahi kay liay estamal kartay hain. 23- Japani jumlay main say lafz khatum karna ya barhana koe achambay ki baat nahain. Yahaan tak kah subject bhi khatam ho sakta hai. 24-Jin object ka ekhtatan i par hota hai wo i object kehlatay hain. 25- Roumaji likhnay kay doo andaz hain. Maslan ji = zi e = he o = wo shi = si ou = oo ou = ô Jishin (khud’etmadi/self confidence) could technically be written: Zisin ta’hum Jishin qareeb’tar ho ga. 26-Romaji ko kaisay parha ja’ay: Japani main her hija eak hi lenghth par bola jata hai. Maslan jab aap lafz aka bolain gay to yah eak second ka waqt lay ga, .05 a kay liay jab kahitna hi ka kay lay waqt dar’kar ho ga.

ā, ū, ē aur ō dohray miyar kay wawal hain. En ki aawaz sada kay moqablay main lumbi ho gi. F aawaz sity ki se aawaz paida karta hai. "R" l ki mutbadal aawaz hai es liay es kay bolnay main mukhtalif atwar ekhtayar kiay jatay hain. 27-Japani seft ka estamal Urdu main seft ka ziyada’tar ba’toor sabqa estamal hota hai. Maslan

180 Kala aadmi Bori adapt Zakhmi larka Nila aasman Angraizi ka bhi yahi rovaeya hai Likin Japani main esam ka baad seft ka estamal hota hai. Maslan Angraizi Japani

The beautiful girl Onna utsukushii

In –na adjectives, The -na ending is used when the adjective modifies a noun, but not when it's used as a predicate. The past and negative cases are formed as they usually are in Japanese. Thus: Kireina kimono (pretty kimono) Kimono wa kirei desu ([your] kimono is pretty) Kimono wa kirei dewa arimasen or Kimono wa kirei ja nai desu ([your] kimono is not pretty) Kimono wa kirei deshita ([your] kimono was pretty) Kimono wa kirei dewa arimasendeshita or Kimono wa kirei ja nakatta desu ([your] kimono was not pretty) (Ja is a contraction of dewa, and is generally more casual, so you would be more likely to use these forms in speech. Nai is the plain-form [familiar/casual] present tense of arimasen and nakatta is the corresponding past-tense form for arimasendeshita. Don't sweat all these differences too much-- you'll learn from context which form to use when). But perhaps a clearer way to think of this is that -na is a form of the copula da (the casual form of desu). Kirei da (it is pretty) Kirei na yama (a pretty mountain) Yama ga kirei da (the mountains are pretty) Yama ga kirei na kuni (a country where the mountains are pretty) -I adjectives are different. These are sometimes called "adjective verbs" because they seem to blend the properties of adjectives and verbs. This is seen in the fact that the negative forms incorporate the adverbial ending -ku.

181 An example of an -i adjective is oishii ("tasty" or "delicious"). The "root" adjective is oishi, and the -i ending is used since it's an -i adjective. (Note that not all adjectives ending in "i" are -i adjectives. See kirei above). -i adjectives work like this: Oishii sushi (delicious sushi) Sushi wa oishii desu (the sushi is delicious) Sushi wa oishikunai desu or Sushi wa oishiku arimasen (the sushi is not delicious) Sushi wa oishikatta desu (the sushi was delicious) Sushi wa oishikunakatta desu or Sushi wa oishiku arimasendeshita (the sushi was not delicious) 28-Japani esma Japani esma main kisi senaf, tadad, ya article ki waja say tabdili nahain aati wo apni halat barqarar rakhta hai. Girl, girls, The girl , a girl, some girls Onna hi estamal main aa’ay ga. Japani main esma ki jama ki Surat main kisiqisam ki tabdili nahain aati. Essay particles kahawala say wazay kar diya jata hai. Es ziman main chan particles ka estamal malahza ho:

'Wa' indicates the topic 'Ga' indicates the subject 'O' indicates the object 'No' indicates possession 29-Japani Verbs Japani main tadad, Jins waghera kay hawala say tabdili nahain aati. Maslan Urdu Mein Woh Tumm/aap Woh

hoon hai ho hain

182 Hum Yah woh

hain hai hai

English I

am

He/she/it

is

You

are

They

are

We

are

This

is

That

is

Japani mein hoon, ho, hai, hain/is, am, are kay liay seraf desu ka estamal ho ga. Maslan Yah kitna hai?

How much is it?

Ikura Desu ka?

Aap/tuhara kiya name hai? What is your name?

O namae wa nan desu ka?

Maira naam Qazi hai.

My name is Qazi.

Watashi no namae wa Kazi desu.

Aap kaisay hain?

How are you?

O Genki Desu Ka?

Kiya yah nazdeek (hi) hai? I am crazy about you.

Is it close by?

Chikai desu ka?

Mein aap/tumharay moamlay main bara crazy hoon. Anata ni muchū desu.

Mein thek hoon.

I'm (am) fine.

Genki Desu.

Japanese verbs These pages present a brief explanation of the grammar of the classical Japanese language, ie. the language of the Heian (794 - 1185) and Kamakura periods.

183 Of course there were significant changes in the usage of the language during these centuries, so eg. the language of the Ise and Genji monogatari is the not the same as the language of Saigyou and Ryokan, but at this stage you can ignore these differences. Verbs and adjectives can take many suffices, just as in modern japanese. Before we discuss these suffices, it is important to understand the framework how they are attached to the verb. Verbs can have 6 different stem forms, and suffices are attached to one of these. Actually, modern Japanese is just like that: take the verb yomu (to read). It has different stem forms, like yoma-, yome- and yomi-. Eg. the -masu suffix must be attached to the yomi- stem: to obtain the polite form yomimasu. The -nakatta suffix comes with the yoma- stem: so we obtain yomanakatta ( did not read ). And to form the conditional yomeba ( if [I] read ), you add the -ba suffix to the yome- stem. For many verbs, some of the six stem forms are identical; actually there are only two verbs for which all the six forms differ: shinu ( to die ), and inu ( to leave, to go away ). The six stem forms of classical Japanese are: •

•

• •

•

•

•

Izenkei - roughly corresponds to the yoma form: suffices that express negation are added to this stem. The izenkei of shinu is shina- Eg. shinazu ( does not die ). Renyoukei - roughly corresponds to the yomi form. For shinu, the renyoukei is shini-. Eg. the -tari suffix, expressing past tense, is added to the renyoukei: shinitari. Shuushikei - this is the dictionary form of verbs: shinu. It is used typically at the end of the sentence, hence the name. Rentaikei - this form is used when a verb is set before a noun as an adjectival modifier. For shinu, the rentaikei is shinuru, so for example "the person who dies" would be shinuru hito. Note that in modern Japanese we would use the shuushikei instead: shinu hito. Izenkei - For shinu, the izenkei is shinure-. A common suffix that is added to the izenkei is -domo, which roughly corresponds to -keredo in modern Japanese. shinuredomo would be shindakeredo in modern Japanese, meaning "although [he] died..." Meireikei - expresses the imperative. shine - "drop dead!" To summarize the six forms of shinu and inu (called the Na-column irregular verbs): Mizenkei shinaina-

184 • • • • •

Renyoukei Shuushikei Rentaikei Izenkei Meireikei

shinishinu shinuru shinureshine

iniinu inuru inureine

Yodan / four-row verbs shinu and inu are called "na-column irregular verbs" (na-gyou henkaku katsuyou doushi ). The most common type of verbs follow a different conjugation pattern: they are called yodan doushi, "four-row verbs". Take, for example, kaku, "to write": ki and keri: Mishi hito, "the person seen", would be mita hito in modern Japanese. It is formed by adding the ki to the renyoukei of miru, "to see", and forming the rentaikei. mukashi, otoko arikeri. "Once upon a time, there was a man." - Several episodes of the Ise monogatari begins with this line. (Note that in classical Japanes aru was used for humans as well.) -keri originally means past tense, it is often used only to express poetic emphasis.

Japani verb/noun A Ahiru

Aa hi ru

domestic duck

gharailo batakh

Aruku

aa ru ku

chalna

to walk

B

bu

Buta

bu ta

C

cho

Chouchou Chou Chou

pig

butterfly

titli

185 Chuusha

chuu sha

injection

tika

(Yah verb bhi estamal hota hai) D Densha

de den sha

electric train

bijli say chalnay wali rail gari

E Eigo

ei go

English

F

fu

Fune

fu ne

H

ha

Hae

ha e

Hakusai

ha ku sai

Hanasu

ha na su

to speak

Hashiru

ha shi ru

to run

Angraizi

ship

behri jahaz

fly

Oran Chinese cabbage white rape bolna/goftagu karma dorna/bhagna

hi Hitsuji

hi tsu ji

sheep

bakri

Hito

hi to

person

shakhas

room

he Heya

he ya

kara

Hikouki

hi ko u ki

aeroplane

hawae jahaz

ho Hon

hon

books

kitabain

186 I Ichigo

I chi go

straberry

Imo

I mo

potato

aalo

Isha

I sha

doctor

daktar/moalaj

Isu

I su

chair

kursi

Ikai

I kai

1st floor

pehli manzal

bicycle

cycal

J

ji

Jitensha

ji ten sha

K

Ka

Kaki

ka ki

Kagami

ka ga mi

persimmom mirror

aaena

Kakuteru ka ku te ru

cocktail

Kangofu

kan go fu

nurse (f)

Kaa-foon

ka a foon

car phone

Kankoku/Choosen-ryoori Korean food

khatoon naras

kan ko ku/ choo sen-ryo o ri koreya main khaya janay wala khana

Ki Kissaten

ki sa ten/ki sa te n

Cffee shop

kafi pinay ki dokan

coffee

kafi

Kohitsuji ko hi tsu ji

lamb

bhair ka bacha

Koara

Koala

Ko Koohii

koo hi i/ko o hi i

ko a ra

187 Kokusaikankee ko ku sai kan ke e/ ko ku sai kan ke International relations Kojuuto

ko ju u to

bain-ul-aqwami ta’alqaat

children by former marriage

Pehli shadi kay bachay/Pehlay khawand/bivi kay bachay Konpyuutaa

kon pyu u ta a

computer

kamputar

Kochira (koso)

ko chi ra ko so

me (too)

mujhy (bhi)

Korosu

ko ro su

to kill

qatal karna

ku Kuruma

ku ru ma

car (vehicle wheel)

motor kar

Kusuri

ku su ri

medicine

dawa/daro

Kudari

ku da ri

downhill

Pahari say/kay nichay

Kuma

ku ma

bear (animal)

kya Kyabetsu

kya be tsu

cabbage

kyu Kyuuri

kyu u ri/kyu uri (okay) cucumber

M

ma

Makura

ma ku ra

Miru

mi ru

Mitsubachi mi tsu ba chi

pillow

sahana to see, to watch

honey

shehad

(Shehad ki makhi kay liay bhi yahi lafaz mustamal hai) N

na

188 Nashi

na shi

Nasu

Japanese pear

na su

egg plant

ni Nihongo

ni hon go

Japanese

japani

Nikai

ni kai

2nd floor

dusri manzal

Orenji

o ren ji

orange

Malta

Ondori

ondo ri

cock rooster

O

R

ri

Ringo S

rin go

apple

saib

su

Suzumebachi

su zu me ba chi

wasp hornet

sho u ga

ginger

Tamanegi

ta ma ne gi

onion

Taberu

ta be ru

Sho Shouga T

ta

khana

to eat

Tsu Tsukue Y Byouin

tsu ku e

desk

you b yo uin/b yo ui n

hospital

Kuch Japnni verb kay aakhar main u aata hai.

haspatal

189 A Irregular verbs Suru

do

karna

shita

Kuru

come

aana

kita

Iku

go

jana

itta

Irassharu

polite

naram

irasshatta

Masu

stem

Ikimasu

go

jana

ikimashita

tsukau

use

estamal

tasukatta

yaku

burn

jalna (jism kay kisi hisay ka)

mashita

Regular verbs U -tta ku -ita

Yaita

gu -ida

oyogu

swim

tairna

oyoida

shimesu show

dikhana

shimeshita

Matsu

entazar karna/entazarna/entazar

su -shita tsu -tta

wait

Matta nu

190 -nda

shinu

die

marna/moot

yobu

call

bolana/bolawa

shinda

bu -nda

yonda

mu -nda

yomu

read parhna

hashiru

run

yonda

ru -tta

doorna/bhagna

hashitta

iru, eru ita,

eta kigaeru

kapray tabdeel karna kigaeta

Adjectives i Adjective

katta ka t ta yasui cheap

sasta/kamina

Yasukatta ya su ka t ta Na Adjective datta da t ta

kantan simple sada/jis main koe banavat na ho. Kantan data

Kan tan da t ta

Estamal Hal aur mazi main jo taraz ekhtayar kiya jata wohhi estamal main aata hai. Maslan Rahore ni iku

ra ho re ni i ku Mein Lahore janay ki tayari kar raha hoon.

Rahore ni itta

ra ho re ni i t ta Mein Lahore janay ki tayari kar raha tha.

Negative

Irregular verbs

Manfi main u, nai main badal jata hai. Maslan

191 Suru

do

Benkyo suru

karna

shinai

ben kyo su ru

na karna

study motalah (karna)

Benkyo shinai ben kyo shi nai

motalah na’karna

Kuru

come

konai

Masu

stem

Ikima su Meaning

aana

i ki ma su

masen go

jana

Base Dictionary Form

ko na i na’aana ma sen ikimasen na’ja

Conjunctive

Polite Present Tense

I/e

ru

te

Eat

tabe

tabe ru

tabe te

Look

mi

mi ru

mi te

mi masu

Open

ake

ake ru

ake te

ake masu

Close

shime

shime ru

shime te

shime masu

Show

mise

mise ru

mise te

mise masu

Stop

tome

tome ru

tome te

tome masu

Quit

yame

yame ru

yame te

yame masu

Teach

oshie

oshie ru

oshie te

oshie masu

Sleep

ne

ne ru

ne te

ne masu

Believe

shinji

shinji ru

shinji te

shinji masu

Gout

de

de ru

de te

de masu

Exchange

torikae

torikae ru

torikae te

torikae masu

Make a mistake machigae

machigae ru

machigae te machigae masu

Think

kangae ru

kangae te

kangae

masu tabe masu

kangae masu

192 Change

kae

Bring together atsume

kae ru

kaete te

kae masu

astume ru

atsume te

atsume masu

Doo moqalmay (1) Kazi-san: Mise e iku ka.

Are you going to the store?

kiya aap store ki janib ja rahay hain?

Shamita-san: Hai, iku.

Yes, I am going there.

haan mein wahaan (hi) ja raha hoon.

Lughat Mise e iku literally translates, to the store; (I) go

Store ki janib (mein) jata

193 Mise e iku lafzi tarjama, store ki janib, (maira) Jana Mise

store e wa ka matlab "ki janib" yaeni "to"

Iku

to go

jana/jata

Ka sawaliya jumlay kay hawala say estamal main laya giya hai Hai.

Yes

Haan

(2) Kazi: Sumimasen, nani ka atatakai nomi mono o kudasai. Qazi: Moaf kijiay ga (moaf karma), kiya mujhy kuch garam (cha’ay waghera) pinay ko mil sakta hai? Qazi: Excuse me, could I have something hot to drink? Shimita: kohi, kocha, ocha ga arimasu? Shimita: Hamaray pas kafi, Angraizi cha’ay aur japani cha’ay hai, Shimita: we have coffee, English tea and Japanese tea. Kazi: Ocha o kudasai, ikura desu ka? Qazi: Mein eak kap japani ch’ay pina chahoon ga, es kay kiya daam hon ga? Qazi: I would like a cup of Japanese tea, how much is it? Shimita: Ni hyaku go ju en desu. Es kay 250 yen hoon ga. It’s two-hundred fifty yen. Kazi: Hai, go hyaku en desu. Qazi: Yah rahay aap kay 250 yen. Qazi: Here you are, five-hundred yen. Shimita: Ni hyaku go ju en no o tsuri desu, arigata gozai mashita Shimita: Array, 250 yen ka khula, bohat bohat shukarreya. Shimita: Wo-hundred fifty yen change, thank you very much. (1) Konnichi wa. Hajimemashite. Hello. Nice to meet you. Hajimemashite. O-genki desu ka?

194 Nice to meet you. How are you? Hai, genki desu. I am fine. Watashi wa kazi to moushimasu. Anata no o-namae wa? My name is Qazi. What is your name? Watashi wa kazi to iimasu. Yoroshiku o-negai shimasu. My name is Qazi. Pleased to make your acquaintance. Yoroshiku o-negai shimasu. Pleased to make your acquaintance. Hajimemashite literally means "it is a beginning" but would be the equivalent of "Nice to meet you" in English. It would only be used the first time meeting someone genki means "in good spirits". "O-genki desu ka" is literally asking "Are you in good spirits?". This is the most common way of asking "How are you?" in Japanese. The other person responds "Yes, I am in good spirits". Mousu is the ultra polite form of the verb "iu" (to say). Both people are literally saying "I am said/called _____". "Namae" is the word for "name". An "o" is added in front of it (and other words throughout this exchange) to show respect. This is not done when talking about yourself. Yoroshii means "good/fine" negai is a wish or request. "Yoroshiku o-negai shimasu" literally means "I request/wish kindly of you". It is basically like saying "Please treat me well". It can be used in other situations as well - such as when asking for a favor. (2)

195 We are often asked how to say "I love you" in Japanese. This would be "Anata o ai shite imasu" BUT be advised that the Japanese typically don't use the word for love (ai) when talking about their feelings for someone else (not even a boyfriend, girlfriend, spouse, child, parent, etc.). They would typically say "Anata no koto ga suki desu" or "Anata ga daisuki desu". Sukimeans "like" daisuki means "favorite". This may seem strange but this is just what they say for "I love you". Tanjoubi omedetou gozaimasu

Happy Birthday!

Akemashite omedetou gozaimasu

Happy New Year!

Omedetou gozaimasu

Congratulations!

Oyasuminasai

Good night.

BOOL CHAAL KAY KUCH JUMLAY 1-watashi no namae wa Kazi desu. Maira naam Qazi hai. My name is Qazi. 2- kore wa watashi no pen desu. Yah maira qalam hai. This is my pen.

(Used when someone is going to bed)

196

3- Watashi wa dokushin desu. Mein kanwarah hoon. I am single. 4 – Kanojo wa pakisutan-jin desu. Woh (orat) Pakistani hai. She is Pakistani. 5- Konojo wa pakisutan-jin ja arimasen. Woh (orat) Pakistani nahain hai. She is not Pakistani. 6- Goshu wa dorobo de wa arimasen ne. aap ka khawand choor nahain hai, kiya hai? Your husband is not a thief, is he? 7-Boku wa Pakisutan-jin desu. Mein Pakistani hoon. I am Pakistani. 8-Rika no sensei desu. Woh malomaat-e-amah ki ostad hai She is a social studies teacher. 9- Are wa kanojo no kodomo desu. Woh os (orat) ka bacha ha. That is her child. 10-Inu wa niwa ni imasu. Kotta bagh main hai. The dog is in the garden. 11- Niwa ni inu ga imasu. Wahaan bagh main eak kotta hai. There is a dog in the garden. 12-Watashi no hada wa akaku nai desu. Mairi jild surakh nahain hai. My skin is no red. 13- Boku no heya wa kirei desu. Maira kamrah saaf hai. My room is clean.

197 14- Kono hito wa totemo ooki desu. Yah aadmi bohat bara hai. This person is very big. 15-Kore wa amari benri ja nai. Yah zeyadah mofeed nahain hai/ Yah zeyadah faeda’ mand nahain hai. This is not very useful. 16-Toire wa koko de wa arimasen . Taharat’khana yahaan nahain hai. The toilet is not here. 17-kore wa taisetsu da. (Male) Kore wa taisetsu yo. (Fm) Yah zarori hai. This is important. 18-Kono hoteru wa amari yoku nai. Yah hotal bohat acha nahain hai. This hotel is not very good. 19-watashi wa anna tokoro de. Mein nay os qisam ki jagah se khanay say enkar kar diya. I refuse to eat at that kind of place. 20-Rahore ni sunde imasu. Woh Lahore main rehta hai. He lives in Lahore. 21-kyou ha kakkou ii ni. Aaj aap barya lagtay hain. You look great today. 22-Genki yo. Arigatou. Ondah, shukarreya. Fine, thank you. 23-dou itashimashite. Aap kay liay kush amadaid. /Ji aayaan noob. You’re welcome. 24-hajime mashte, Niyanate.

198 Aap say mil kar acha laga, Niamat. Nice to meet you, Niamat. 25-Eiga wo mi ni ikimasu. Mein filam daikhnay jata hoon. I go to watch the movies. 26-Anata desu. Aap hain. You are. 27-Iatashi no desu. Yah maira hai. It’s mine. 27-Suki na dobutsu wa ushi desu. Os ka pasandidah janwar ga’ay hain. His favorite animals are cow. 28-Rahore de hataraite imasu. Woh Lahore main kaam karta hai. He works at Lahore. 29-Punjabu Daigaku de benkyo shite imasu. Woh Punjab University main parhta hai. He studies at Punjab University. 30-Denwa bango wa-9166779562 os khatoon ka telephone number—9166779562 hai. Her telephone number is -9166779562. 31-waremasen. Mein samjha nahain. I don’t understand. 32-Bejitarian desu. Mein sabzi khoor hoon. I am a vegetarian. 33-Mo hitotsu kudasai. Barahay meharbabi eak aur (dain).

199 One more please. 34- yukkuri hanashite kudasai Aahistah aahistah bolain Please speak slowly. 35- onna yori otoko no hou ga kibishii Aadmi ortoon say ziyada strict hotay hai. Men are stricter than women 36- Ittekimasu – Mein jaoon ga aur wapis aa jasoon ga I'll go and come back. 37- Itterasshai – Barah-e-meharbani jaein aur wapis aa jaein. Please go and come back. 38- Itadakimasu – Khana khilanay kay liay shukarreya (khana khilanay say pehlay) Thank you for the meal. (Before eating) 39- Gochisoosama – Khana khilanay kay liay shukarreya (khana khanay kay baad) Thank you for the meal. (After eating) 40- Doozo Yoroshiku. Aap say mil kar khushi hoe Nice to meet you (Pehli molaqaat par bhi boltay hain) 41- Tsukaremashita. Mein thaka howa hoon.

200 I'm tired. 42- Genki desu. Mein thek hoon. I'm fine. 43- Byooki desu. Mein bimar hoon I'm sick. 44- Kimochi ga warui desu. Mein behtar (sehat kay hawala say) mehsus nahain karta. I feel sick. 45- Atama ga itai desu. Mairay sar mein dard hai. I have a headache. 46- Netsu ga arimasu. Mujhy bukhar hai./ Mein bukhar main mubtala hoon I have a fever. 47- Nodo ga kawaita. Mein piyasa hoon. / Mujhy piyas lagi hai. I'm thirsty. 48- Onaka ga suita. Mein bhuka hoon./Mujhy bhuk lagi hai. I'm hungry. 49- Nete imasu. Mein bistar par hoon./ mein bistar par laita howa hoon. I'm in bed. 50- Irha wa ashita kuru you desu. Lagta hai Irha kal aa’ay gi It seems that Irha will be coming tomorrow. 51-Sachiko wa Kasuru ni iku you desu. Aisa lagta hai jaisay Razia Kasur ja rahi hai.

201 It looks like Razia is going to Kasur. 52- Kazi wa piano o hiku koto ga dekiru you desu. Lagta hai jaisay Qazi piano baja sakta hai. It looks like Qazi can play the piano. 53- Takushii de ikimashoo. Aao taxi kay zareay jaein/ Aao taxi say jaein. Let's go by taxi. 54- Kuruma o unten-shimasu. Mein kar chalaoon ga. I'll drive a car. 55- Basu ni norimashita. Mein nay bus pakri. I took a bus. 56-Dewa mata atode / sore ja mata Baad main miltay hain. See you later 57-Dewa mata ne Dobarah milain gay/ Dobarah miltay hain. See you again 58-Dewa mata ashita aap say kal mlaqaat ho gi. See you tomorrow 59-Dewa mata suguni ne aap say jald (hi) molaqat ho gi. See you soon

202 60-Dewa kore de ab kay liay ajazat Bye for now 61-Suki main essay pasand karta hoon mujhy yah pasand hai (gher insan kay liay, kisi harkat aur kaam kay liay bhi) I like it 62-Daisuki mujhy yah bohat pasand hai. I like it very much. 63-Meccha-meccha suki Mujhy es say mohabat hai. (gher insan kay liay kisi harkat aur kaam kay liay bhi) I love it 64-Anmari-suki-ja nai Mujhy yah koe zeyadah pasand nahain. I dont like it very much. 65-Suki janai / kirai Mein es say nafrat karta hoon. I hate it. 66-Ureshii / Shiawase Mein kush hoon I'm happy 67-Sore kiite ureshii Mujhy wo (os kay motalaq) son kar kushi hoe

203 I'm happy to here that 68-Kanashii Mein afsurdah hoon. I’m sad. 68-Tsukateta Mein thaka howa hoon. I’m tired 69-Odoroita! / Bikkuri shita! Mujhy hairat hai I’m surprise 70-Shimpai shita mujhy khadsha tha. Mein afsurdah tha. I was worried 71-Gakkari Shichatta mujhy mausi hai/mein na’omeed hoon. I’m Disappointed 72-Dekiruyo mein yah kar sakta hoon. I can do it 73-Warui-kedo dame mujhy dukh hai kah mujh say yah mumkin nahain. Sorry i can’t 74-Wakatta mein samjhta hoon./mein samjh giya hoon.

204 I understand 75-Yoku wakatta mein achi tara samjh giya hoon I understand very well. 76-wakaranai mein samjha nahain I dont understand 77-Wakatteru Mein janta hoon/ Mujhy maloom hai. I know 78-Shiranai / shiri - masen Main nahin janta. I dont know. 79-Shiranakatta Mujhy maloom nahain tha. I didnt know. 80-nandaka yoku wakaranai Mein bohat oljha howa hoon/ I am so confused.

81-kawaiso what a pity 82-Atteru kiya mein nay thek kaha/kiya mein sacha hoon. Am I right?

205

83-Machifatteru? kiya mein ghalt hoon? Am i wrong? 84-Ochitsuite! Kood jao! Calm down! 85-Genki dase yo (Cheer up) for guys to say 86-Genki Dashite! (Cheer up) for ladies/girls to say 87- Ame ga furu sou desu. Baresh honay ko hai (Badal say yahhi andaza hota hai/ kisi ka kehna hai. It's going to rain. 88- Mata ashita kal milain gay/ kal molaqaat ho gi Talafaz ki darusti kay liay ab chand jumlay darj karta hoon. En par ghoor karnay say kisi na’kisi haad tak talafaz ka maslah hal ho ja’ay ga. Yah bhi kah en kay motalah say jumlay bananay main madad mil sakay gi. see you tomarrow 89-Sore wa hon desu. so-re, wa, hon, de-su (des) Wo kitab hai. That is a book. 90-Sore wa denwa desu. So-re, wa, den-wa, de-su (des) Wo eak tailifune hai. That is a telephone. 91-Kono hon wa tomodachi no desu. ko-no, hon, wa, to-mo-da-cho, no, de-su (des)

206 Yah mairay dost ki kitab hai. This book is my friend's. 92-Kore wa tomodachi no desu. Ko-re, wa, to-mo-da-chi, no, de-su (des) Yah mairay dost ki hai. This is my friend's 93 Watashi no kamera desu. Wa-ta-shi, no, ka-me-ra, de-su (des) Yah maira kamera hai. This is my camera. 94-Iie, kono konpyuutaa wa tomodachi no desu. I-ie, ko-no, kon-pyu-uta Nahain, yah mairay dost ka kamputar hai. No, this computer is my friend's. 95-Sono zasshi wa kazi-san no desu. So-no, zas-shi, wa, ka-zi, san, no, de-su Wo resalah Qazi sahib ka hai. That magazine is Mr. Qzi’s. 96-Ano denwa wa bobi-san no desu. An-o, den-wa, bo-bi, san, no, de-su Jo tailifune wahaan para howa hai, wo boby sahib ka hai. That telephone over there is Mr. Bobi’s. 97-Watashi no kamera desu. Wa-ta-shi, no, ka-me-ra, de-su (des) Yah maira kamera hai. It is my camera. 98-Iie, kono konpyuutaa wa tomodachi no desu. I-ie, ko-no, kon-pyu-ut-aa Nahain, yah kamputar mairay dost ka hai. No, this computer is my friend's. 99-Kore wa Kamera desu. Ko-re, wa, ka-me-ra, de-su Jahaan tak es ka ta’alaq hai to yah kaimra hai.

207 As for this, it is a camera. This is a camera. 100-Sore wa konpyuutaa desu. (des) so-re, wa, kon-pyu-uta Wo kamputar hai. That is a computer 101-Are wa daigaku desu. A-re, wa, dai-ga-ku, de-su (des) Wahaan par eak kalag hai. That over there is a college. 102-Kore desu ka. Kore wa denwa desu (des) Ko-re, de-su, ka Ko-re, wa, den-wa, de-su Yah? Yah tailifune hai. This? This is a telephone. 103-Iie, Rondon desu. i-ie, ron-don, de-su Nahain wo London main (rehta) hai. No, it is in London. 104-Razawan -san wa rahore-umare desu. ra-za-wan, san, wa, ra-ho-re, de-su Razwan sahib ka ta’alaq Lahore say hai. Mr. Razwan is from Lahore. 105-Gaadana-san wa Rondon-umare desu. Gaa-da-na, san, wa, ron-don, u-ma-re, de-su Mr. Gardner London say ta’alaq rakhtay hain. Mr. Gardner is from London. 106-Watashi desu ka. Watashi wa Itaria-desu. wa-ta-shi, de-su, ka Wa-ta-shi, wa, i-ta-ria-, de-su Mein? Mein atalvi hoon. Me? I am Italian

208 107-Are wa tomodachi no konpyuutaa desu. A-re, wa, to-mo-da-chi, no, kon-pyu-uta Wahan par? (Haan) wo mairay dost ka kamputar hai. That over there? that is my friend's computer 108-Itaria-go de sore wa "ribro" desu. i-ta-ria-go, de, so-re, wa, ri-bro, de-su (des) Italivi main essay libo kehtay hain. In Italian, that is "libro”. 109-Are wa hon de, kore wa zasshi desu. a-re, wa, hon, de, ko-re, wa, zas-shi, de-su Wahaan eak kitab aur yah eak risalah hai. That over there is a book and this is a magazine. 110-Kore wa kamera de are wa konpyuutaa desu. Ko-re, wa, ka-me-ra, de, a-re, kon-pyuu-ta Yah kamra hai wo kamputar hai. This is a camera and that over there is a computer. 111-pitaru-san wa Amerika- de Robansan-san wa Doitsu-desu. Pi-ta-ru, san, san, wa, a-me-re-ka-, de, ro-ban-san, wa, doi-tsu- de-su Mr. Pitaru amrikan aur Mr. Robansn german hain. Mr. Pitar is American and Mr.Robansan is German. 112-Iie, Rondon desu. i-ie, ron-don, de-su Nahain, London main hain. No, it is in London 113-Nihon-go de sore wa denwa desu. Ni-hon-go, de, so-re, wa, den-wa, de-su Essay Japan main tailifune kehtay hain. In Japanese, that is a telephone. 114-Saa, watashi wa shirimasen Saa, wa-ta-shi, wa, shi-ri-ma-sen Nahain, mein nahain janta likin talash sakta hoon. Well, I don't know but can find out 115-kazi-san wa shirimasen. Ka-zi,-san, wa, shi-ri-ma-sen

209 Mr Qazi nahain jantay. Qazi sahib ko maloom nahain. Mr. Kazi doesn't know. 116-Watashi no tomodachi wa shirimasen. Wa-ta-shi, no, to-mo-da-chi, wa, shi-ri-ma-sen Maira dost nahain janta. My friend doesn't know. 117-Raziya -san, kochira wa hasani-san desu. Ra-zi aa-san, ko-chi-ra, wa, ha-sa-ni-san, de-su Razia sahiba ,yah Mr. Hasni hain. Mrs. Razia , this is Mr. Hasani. “Kochir”a literally means "this direction". 118-Iruha-san, kochira wa bobi-san desu. i-ru-ha-san, ko-chi-ra, wa, bo-bi-san de-su Irha sahiba, yah Boby sahib hain. Irha, this is Boby. 119-Niimato-san, kochira wa yonisu-san desu. ni-i-ma-to-san, ko-chi-ra, wa, yo-ni-su-san, de-su Niamat sahib, yah Younis sahib hain. Mr. Niamat , this is Mr. youns. 120- iie nagasaki desu i-ie-na-ga-sa-ki, de-su Nahain, yah Nagasaki hai. No, it is in Nagasaki. 121-Ame ga furisou. Lagta hai naresh honay ko hai. A me ga fu ri sou It looks like it's going to rain. 122-Ano hako ga ochisou. A no ha ko ga o chi sou Lagta hai wo baxsa girnay ko/wala hai.

210 That box looks like it's about to fall. 123-Shiken wa ashita desu. shi ke n wa a shi ta de su Kal emtihan hai. The exam is tomorrow. 124-Chotto kagami wo mite kudasai. chot to ka ga mi wo mi te ku da sai Eak lamhay kay liay aaenay main daikheay ga. Please look in the mirror for a while. 125-Isu wo motte kite kudasai. I su wo mot te kit e ku da sai. Meharbani farma kar mujhay kursi la/pakra dain. Please bring me a chair. 126-Kimi no hon wa tsukue no ue ni aru. Aap ki kitab desk par pari hoe hai./aap ki kitab desk par hai. Your book is on the desk. 127-Watashi wa hon wo yomanai. Mein kitabain nahain parhta. I do not read books. 128-Mitsubachi ni chuui shinasai. Shehat ki makheoon ko talashiay. Look out for bees. 129-Hae ga ha ni tomatte iru. patay par makhi baithi hai. The fly is (stopping) on a leaf.

211 130-A! Chouchou ga iru! Ar’ry wahaan eak titli hai! Oh, there's a butterfly! 131-Watashi wa kuma ga kowai. I am afraid of bears. 132-Kare wa ringo ga daisuki da. Ossay saib bohat pasand hain. He likes apple very much. 133-Kare wa, orenji ga suki. Ossay maltay pasand hain./ Woh maltay pasand karta hai. He likes oranges. 134-Kono nashi wa ii kaori ga suru. This pear smells nice. 135-Ichigo wa ima ga shi-zun da. Yah stabri ka mosam hai. Strawberries are in season now. 136-Kono kuruma wa watashi no desu. Yah kar mairi hai. This car is mine. 137-Juu ji han no densha ni norimasu. Mein saray/saday das bajay ki gari pakarnay jar aha hoon. Mein 10.30 ki gari pakarnay wala hoon. I'm going to take the 10:30 train. 138-Karera wa ima fune ni notte iru. They are now aboard the ship. 139-Sono kusuri wa nigai aji ga suru. Dawa karvi hai. /dawa ka zaeqa (h) karwa hai.

212 The medicine tastes bitter. 140-Kono ondori wa tsuyosou ni mieru. Yah rooster mazboot dikhta hai./ yah rooster daikhnay main mazboot hai. This rooster looks strong. 141-Kohitsuji wa ookami ni korosareta. Bakri ka bacha bhairay kay hatoon mara giya. The lamb was killed by the wolf. 142-Kono buta wa futotte kite imasu. This pig is growing fat. 143-Kare wa kanari ooku no hitsuji wo motte iru. Woh kuch achi bhairoon ka malik hai. Kuch achi bhairain os ki malkiat main hain. Os ki malkiat main kuch achi bakriaan hain. He owns a good few sheep. 144-Kore wa boku no hon de gozaimasu. Yah mairi kitab nahain hai. This is not my book. 145-Ahiru tachi wa ike no achikochi wo oyoide ita. Batkhain talaab main taiar rahi thein. Ducks were swimming about on the pond. 146-Isha wa watashi ni daietto suru youni susumeta. Doctor nay mujhy parhaizi ghaza ki hadaet ki hai The doctor advised me that I should go on a diet. 147-Kanojo no yume wa kangofu ni naru koto desu. Nars banna os ka khaab hai.

213 Her dream is to become a nurse. 148-Chichi wa ima byouin de shigoto chuu desu. Mairay walid (sahib) es waqt haspatal main kaam par hain. My father is now at work at the hospital. 149-muzu ka shii desu Yah mushkal hai. It is difficult. 150-Akemashi teomedetou Naya saal mobarak ho. Happy New Year. 151-Kotoshi moyoroshi kuonegai shimasu Mujhy omeed hai kah aap ki mazeed (chizain) es sal daikhnay ko milain gi. Es saal mein aap say mazeed kuch daikhnay ki aarzo rakhta hoon. I hope to see more of you in this year. 152-Kanojo wa se ga hikui desu. Woh chotay qad ki hai/ os (orat) ka qad chota hai. She is short. 153-Kare wa se ga takai desu. Os (mard) ka qad lamba hai. He is tall. 154-Kanojo wa yasete imasu. Woh (orat) dubli hai. She is thin. 155-Kare wa futote imasu.

214 Woh mota hai. He is fat. 156-Kare wa hosoi desu. He is skinny. 157-Kanojo wa hayai desu. Woh tarar/taiz (door kay hawala say) hai. She is fast. 158-Kare wa osoi desu. Woh ahista (door kay hawala say) hai. He is slow. 159-Kanojo wa tsuyoi desu. Woh (orat) mazboot hai She is strong. 160-Kanojo wa yowai desu. Woh (orat) kamzoor (jism kay hawala say) hai. She is weak. 161-Kanojo wa kirei desu. Woh piyari hai. She is pretty.

215 162-Kare wa hansamu desu. He is handsome. 163-Kare wa kakkoī desu. Woh daikhnay main acha hai. / Os ki looking aching./ Woh acha daikhae daita hai. He is good-looking. 164-Kanojo wa busaiku desu. Woh baad zaib/gandi hai. She is ugly. 165-Kanojo wa yasashī hito desu. Woh dostana (andaz rakhti) hai. She is friendly. 166-Kare wa shinsetsu na hito desu. Woh (mard) nafis hai. He is nice.

167-Kanojo wa shizuka na hito desu. She is quiet.

216 168-Kanojo wa uchiki na hito desu. She is shy. 169-Kare wa okashī hito desu. He is humorous. 170-Kanojo wa atama ga ii desu. Woh (khatoon) zahein hai. She is intelligent. 171-Kare wa nintai zuyoi hito desu. Woh (mard) burd’dar hai. He is patient. 172-Kanojo wa taida na hito desu. Woh (khatoon) sust hai. She is lazy. 173-Kare wa gyōgi ga warui hito desu. Woh (shakhas) baad’saliqa(h) hai. He is bad-mannered 174-Kare wa majime na hito desu. Woh (mard) sanjida(h) hai. He is serious.

217 175-Kare wa yasashī hito desu. Woh (mard) meharban hai. He is kind. 176-Kanojo wa yoku hataraku hito desu. Woh (orat) mehnati hai. She is hard-working. 177-Kare wa reisei na hito desu. He is sophisticated. 178-Kanojo wa yūkan na hito desu. Woh (orat) bahadar hai. She is brave. 179-Kare wa omoshiroi hito desu. Woh (mard) khushtaba/mazaqiya hai. He is funny. 180-Kanojo wa mazushī desu. Woh (orat) gareeb hai. She is poor. 181-Kanojo wa okanemochi desu. Woh (orat) amir hai.

218 She is rich. 181-Tōī desu. Yah (to) door hai. It’s far. 182-Tōku nai desu. Yah door nahain hai. It’s not far. 183-Chikai desu. Yah nazdeek hai. It’s close by 184-Chikaku nai desu. Yah nazdeek nahain hai. It’s not close by. 185-Atatakai desu Yah garam hai. It’s warm.

186-Samui desu Yah thanda hai.

219 It’s cold. 187-Kaze ga tsuyoi desu It’s windy. 188-Arashi no yō desu Yah Tofan (ka mosam) hai. It’s stormy. 189-Atsui desu Garmi hai. It’s hot. 190-Hare desu Dhoop (nikli hoe) hai. It’s sunny. 191-Seiten desu (Matla) saf hai. It’s clear. 192-Kumori desu. (Matla) abar’alod hai. It’s cloudy. 193-Ii tenki desu.

220 (Matla onda hai. It’s nice. 194-Tsumetai desu Baraf’bari ho rahi hai. It’s icy. 195- Totemo samui desu. Shaded sardi hai. It’s very cold. 196-Totemo atatakai desu. Shaded garmi hai. It’s very warm. 197- Totemo atsui desu. Shaded tapash hai. It’s very hot. 198- Totemo tsumetai desu. Shaded baraf’bari (ho rahi) hai. It’s very icy. 199- Ame ga fute imasu. baresh ho rahi hai.

221 It’s raining. 200- Ame furi no hi desu. Baresh ka mosam hai. It’s rainy. 201- Kyō wa iyana tenki desu. mosam qabal-e-rehm hai. It’s miserable weather. 202-Kyō wa ii tenki desu. Mosam acha hai. It’s good weather. 203-Kyō wa warui tenki desu. Mosam Kharab hai. It’s bad weather. 204-Kyō wa jyō tenki desu. Mosam Khob’surat hai. It’s beautiful weather. 205-Kyō wa saiyaku no tenki desu. Taklef’dah mosam hai. It’s terrible weather.

222 206-Kōru hodo ni samui desu. (Mein jam sardi k hawala say) raha hoom I’m freezing. 207-Atsui desu. Mein tap ( garmi kayhawala say) raha hoon. I’m hot. 208-Ase kaite imasu. Mein nihal ho raha hoon. I’m sweating. 209-Ashi ga tsumetai desu. Mairay paoon thanday hain. My feet are cold. 210-Yubi ga kōtte imasu. Mairi ongliaan (sardi say) jam gae hain. My fingers are frozen. 211-Bisho nure desu. I’m soaking wet. 212-Itami ga arimasu. Mein takleef main hoon.

223 I’m in pain. 213- Atama ga itai desu. / Zutsū ga shimasu. Mairay sar main dard hai. I have a headache. 214-Onaka ga itai desu. / Itsū ga shimasu. Mairay pait (mehday) main dard hai. I have a stomach ache 215-Nodo ga itai desu. Maira gala kharab hai. I have a sore throat. 216-Mimi ga itai desu. Mairay kanoon main takleef hai. I have sore ears. 217-Ha ga itai desu. Mairay dantoon main dard hai. I have a tooth ache 218-Byōki desu. Mein bimar hoon. I’m sick.

224 219-Ude ga itai desu. Maira bazoo matasar howa hai. My arm hurts. 220-Ashi ga itai desu. My leg hurts. 221-Atama ga itai desu. Maira sar matasar howa hai. My head hurts. 222-Hiza ga itai desu. Maira ghotna matsar howa hai. My knee hurts. 223-Oshiri ga itai desu. My bum hurts. 224-Haguki ga itai desu. Mairay masoray matasar hain. My gum hurts. 225-Ashi ga itai desu. Mairay paoon matasar hain My foot hurts. 226-Yubi ga itai desu.

225 Mairi ongliaan matasar hain. My finger hurts. 227-Te ga itai desu. Mairay hath matasar hain My hand hurts. 228-Me ga itai desu. Mair aankhain matasar hain. My eye hurts. 229-Kata ga itai desu. Mairay kandnay matasar hain My shoulder hurts. 130-Senaka ga itai desu. Mairi kamar/pusht matasar hai. My back hurts. 231-Kaze o hīte imasu. Mujhy thand lag gae hai. I have a cold. 232-Ryūkan ni kakkate imasu. / Infuruenza ni kakkate imasu. Mujhy mazla hai.

226 I have the flu. 233-Haien desu. I have pneumonia. 234-Geri o shite imasu.. Mujhy pakhnay lagy howay hai. I have diarrhea. 235-Arerugī ga arimasu. Mujhy kharesh hai. I have an allergy. 235-Kafunshō desu. I have hay fever. 236-Huminshō desu. I have insomnia. 237-Hōtai o kudasai Mujhy eak pati ki zarorat hai. I need a bandage. 238-Bando-eido o kudasai Mujhy marhum pati ki amdad dar’kar hai. (Zakhni honay kay hawala say)

227 I need a band-aid. 239-Chintsū-zai o kudasai Mujhy kuch dard kush (goli/tika waghera) ki zarorat hai. I need some pain killers. 240-Suimin-yaku o kudasai Mujhy khab’aawar golioon ki zarorat hai I need some sleeping pills. 241-Seki-dome o kudasai Mujhy kuch khansi ka sharbat chahiay. I need some cough syrup 242-Gezai o kudasai Mujhy nasha’aawar dar’kar hai. I need some laxative. 243-Shohōsen o kudasai I need a prescription. 244-Piru/Hininyaku o kudasai Mujhy manay hamal darkar hai. I need some contraception. 245- Yuki ga futte imasu.

228 Baraf bari ho rahi hai. I t’s snowing. 246-Watashi wa shiawase desu. Mein kush hoon. I’m happy. 247-Watashi wa koi o shite imasu. Mujhy mohabat ho gae hai. I’m in love. 248-Watashi wa taikutsu desu. Mein bai’zar hoon. I’m bored. 249-Watashi wa tsukarete imasu. Mein thaka howa hoon. I’m tired. 250-Watashi wa kōfun shite imasu. Mein por’jush hoon. I’m excited. 251-Hako o futatsu kaimashita. Mein nay doo sandoqachay kharid kiay. I bought two boxes. 253-Mondai ga hitotsu arimasu. Eak masla dar’paish hai. There is one problem. 254-Hon o san-satsu yomimashita. Mein nay teen kitabainn parhein. I read three books. 255-Inu ga ni-hiki imasu. Wahaan doo kottay hain.

229 There are two dogs. 260-Mikka gurai kakarimasu. es (kaam) kay liay taqriban teen din dar’kar hoon gay. It will take for about three days. 261-Isshuukan gurai kakarimasu. es (kaam) kay liay taqriban eak hafta dar’kar ho ga. It will take for about a week. 262-Ikkagetsu gurai kakarimasu. es (kaam) kay liay taqriban eak mahina(h) dar’kar ho ga. It will take for about a month. 263-Toshokan wa ano biru no tonari desu. Os emarat kay baad/agli (emarat) kutab’kana (h) hai. The library is next to that building. 264-Kono kusuri o maiasa nonde kudasai. Yah goli her subh kha lain. Please take this pill every morning. 265-Mazu nomimono o tanomitai desu. I’d like to order something to drink to start with. 266-Mada kimete imasen. Mujhy abhi maloom nahain I don’t know yet. 267-Gochisō-sama khana (khilanay) kay liay shikarriya. Thank you for the food! 268-Watashi no namae wa kazi desu. Maira naam Qazi hai.

230 My name is Ken. 269- Kono biiru wa ikura desu ka? Es beer kay kiya daam hain. How much is this beer? 270-Toire wa doko desuka? Taharat’khana kidhar hai? Where is the toilet? 271-Ohisashiburi desu ne. Lambay arsa (h) say nhain daikha/molaqaat hoe. Long time no see. 272-Koko wa doko desu ka? Es waqt mein kahaan hoon. Where am I now? 273-kanojo wa amari tsuyoku nai. Woh itni mazboot nahain hai. She (subject) too much strong not. She isn't too strong. 274-bakemono wa zenzen kowaku nai yo! Monster (subject) completely scary not! The monster isn't scary at all! 275- boku wa zenzen tsuyoku nai kedo. Likin mein bilkul mazbot nahain hoon. I (subject) completely strong not but. But I'm not strong at all. 275-mou osoi kara, kaerou yo! Pehlay hi daiar ho gae hai, aao (ab) wapis chaplain.

231 Already late because, let's return! It's late already, so let's return!

Sawaliya jumlay 1-Tenki wa dō desu ka? Mosam kaisa hai?

232 How’s the weather? 2-Kion wa nando desu ka? Darja-e-harat kitna hai? What’s the temperature? 3-Maiasa desu ne. Her subh, thek/darust? (samjhy na kay maenoon main) Every morning, right? 4-Ano biru no tonari desu ka? Os (amarat) say agli? Next to that building? 5-Maiasa desu ka. Her subh? Every morning? 6-Itami wa arimasu ka? Kiya app ko dard hai? Do you have pain? 7-Doko ga itai desu ka? Aap ko kahaan dard hai? Where do you have pain? 8-Netsu wa arimasu ka?

233 Kiya aap ko bukhar hai? Do you have fever? 9-O nomimono wa nani ga ii desu ka? aap kiya pina pasand karain gay? What would you like to drink? 10-Nani o meshiagari masu ka? Aap kis cheez ka order daina pasand karain gay? What would you like to order? 11-Zensai wa ikaga desu ka? Would you like a starter? 12-Nani ni nasaimasu ka? Aap kiya pasand karain gay? What would you like? 13-Osusume hin wa nan desu ka? App kiya recommend karain gay? What can you recommend? 14-Kyō no higawari menyū / teishoku wa nan desu ka? What is the daily special? 15-Kyō no sūpu wa nan desu ka?

234 Aaj ka kiya (koonsa) soop hai? What is the soup of the day? 16-Itsu aimashō ka? Hum kab milain gay/hamari kab molaqaat ho gi? When shall we meet? 17-Dokode aimashō ka? Hum kahaan milain gay? Where shall we meet? 18-Itsu ga yoroshī deshou ka? When is best for you?(formal) 19-Itsu ga ii? When is best for you? 20-Dono hi? Koonse tarikh? Which date? 21-Konshū wa? Es haftay? This week? 22-Raishū wa?

235 Aglay haftay? Next week ? 23-Shūmatsu wa? Haftay kay aakhar main? On the weekend? 24-Shūjitsu wa? / Hējitsu wa? Haftay kay doran? During the week ? 25-Shū no atama wa? / Hajime wa? Hafatay kay shoro/aaghaz main? At the start of the week ? 26-Shū no owari wa? Haftay kay aakhar main? At the end of the week ? 27-Shū no owari wa? Mein railway station kis tara ja sakta hoon? How do I get to the train station? (Formal) 28-Eki ni wa dō yatte ikuno? Mein railway station kis tara ja sakta hoon?

236 How do I get to the train station? (Casual) 29-Eki wa doko desuka? Railway statin kahan hai, aap ko maloom hai? Aap ko railway station ka rasta/pata maloom hai? Kiya aap jantay hain jah railway station kahaan hai? Do you know where the train station is? (Formal) 30-Eki wa doko? Kiya aap jantay hain jah railway station kahaan hai? Do you know where the train station is? (Casual) 31-O-ikura desu ka? es kay liay kitnay ada karma hoon gay? (ada karnaqy ki surat main) How much is it? (I would like to pay) 32-Ore wa juubun ja nai wake? Kiya es kay liay mein kafi nahain hoon? I (subject) enough not (it is that)? Is it that I'm not enough? 33-taisetsu na mono o nakushita wake?

237 Precious thing (what) lost it is that? Did you lose something precious? 34-nan no mane da? aap kiya karma chahitay hain? What’s imitation is? What lunacy is this? or What are you trying to do? 35-ittai nani o shiteiru ndesu ka? dunyan main aap kiya kar rahay hain? in the world what (answers what) are doing ? What in the world are you doing? 36-koko made ka? kiya yah aakeer hai/kiyah aakhri hai? Khatam? Bas? Here up to ? Is this the end? 37-doushite ikite iru niwatori o tabetai no ka? How come living chicken (what) want to eat? How come you want to eat a living chicken? 38-tsuki ni wa usagi ga aru tte shite iru? kiya aap ko maloom hai kah chand par eak khargosh hai? Moon on (subject) rabbit (subject) exists (end quote) are knowing? Did you know that there is a rabbit on the moon? 39-doushite konna tokoro ni kuru nante? aap es qisam ki jaga par kayoon aa’ay? Why this kind a place (to) come (a thing such as) Why did you come to a place like this?

238 40-pikachu no kiryoku wa sonna ni hikui desu ka? pikachu ('s) energy (subject) that much low is? Is Pikachu's energy really that low? 41-nido to aeru nante, sadame ka na? again (and) meeting (thing such as) destiny perhaps? Meeting twice like this, I wonder if it's destiny? 42-hayama no ie wo mitsukeru to wa kiseki ka? hayama 's house (what) to find (such as) miracle ? Finding Hayama's house...isn't that a miracle? 43-naze konna tokoro ni kakurete iru? aap es qisam ki jaga par kayoon chopay hain? Why this kind of place (in) are hiding? Why are you hiding in a place like this? 44-ranma wo taoshita koto aru no ka? kiya es say pehlay aap nay kabhi ranma say shakasat khae hai? ranma (who) defeated situation exists? Have you ever beaten Ranma before? 45-Ano biru no tonari desu ne. It is next to the building, isn't it? 46-Kanada made ikura desu ka. Kanaida kay liay kitay dam hoon gay/hain? How much does it cost to Canada? 47-Funabin de ikura desu ka. Somundri daak kay liay kiya dam hoon gay? How much does it cost by sea mail? 48-Doitsu made donogurai kakarimasu ka. German tak kay liay kitna waqt saraf ho ga? How long will it take to Germany? 49-Kore wa Nihon-go de nan desu ka. Ko-re, wa, ni-hon-go, de, nan, de-su, ka Essay Japani main kiya kehtay hain?

239 What is this (item) in Japanese? 50-Shomato-san wa Tookyoo-umare desu ka. Sho-ma-to-san, wa, too-ky-oo, u-ma-re, de-su, ka Shamato sahib, kiya Tokyo aap ka asal alaqah hai? Mr. Shomato, is Tokyo the place of your origin? 51-Iie, Nagasaki desu Nani ka nomimasho ka? Kiya hum kuch pi sakain ga? Kiya humain pinay ko kuch mil sakay ga? Shall we drink something? 52-Jaa, are wa. J-aa, a-re, wa Then, how about that over there? 53-Toire wa doko deska? Taharat’khana kahaan hai? Where is the toilet? 45-Koko wa doko desu ka? es waqt/Ab mein kahaan hoon. Where am I now? 55- kore wa pen desu ka? Kiya yah eak qalam hai? Is this a pen? 56-konojo wa pakisutani-jindesu ka? Kiya woh (orat) Pakistani hai? Is she pakitani/pakistanian? 57-- Anata wa doko no hito desu ka? Aap kis alaqah say ta’alaq rakhtay hain? Where are you from? 58--toire wa doko desu ka? Taharat khanah kahaan hai? Where is the toilet? 59--Doko ni ikimasu ka? Aap kahaan ja rahay hain?

240 Where are you going? 60--Kasuru de nani o kaimasu ka? Aap kasur say kiya kharidain gay? What will you buy in Kasur? 61--Dare ka imasu ka? Kiya koe wahaan hai? Is anybody there? 62-choushi wa dou dai? Sab kaisa hai? How’s everything? 63-Genki desu ka? Aap kaisay hain? Aap ka kiya haal hai? How are you? 64-Kanojo no adana wa non desu ka? Os khatoon/orat ka mukhtaser naam kiya hai? What’s her nickname? 65-Kyou wa, naze jikoku shita no? Aaj aap late kayoon thay? Why were you late today? 66-Naze sonna ni tabete imasu ka? Aap itna zeyadah kayoon kha rahay hain? Why are you eating so much? 67-Anata no tanjoubi wa itsu desu ka? Aap ki sal’girah kab hai? When is your birthday? 68-Anata no shinyuu wa dare desu ka? Aap ka behtarein dost koon hai? Who is your best friend? 69-Mouichido itte kuremasuka? Kiya aap essay dobara(h) kahain gay? Can you say it again?

241 70-Yukkuri shabette kuremasuka? Kiya aap ahistah bool sakein gay? Kiya aap ahistah ahistah bool saktay hai? Can you speak slowly? 71-Nanji desu ka? Kiya waqt howa hai? What time is it? 72-kaju o ippai kudasai? Kiya mujhy eak juice ka glass mil sakta hai? May I have a glass of juice? 73-o-cha o ippai kudasai? Kiya mujhy sabaz cha’ay ka eak cup mil sakta hai? May I have a cup of green tea? 74- miji o ippai kudasai? Kiya mujhy pani ka eak glass mil sakta hai? May I have a glass of water? 75-Yuubinkyoku wa doko desu? Dak’khanah kahaan hai? Where is the post office? 76- Shiba depaatomentro wa doko desu ka? Shihiba Departmental Store kahaan hai? Where is Shiba Departmental Store 77- Hajimemashite – Kiya haal hai? Aap kaisay hain? How do you do? 78- Gokazoku waikaga? Aap kay ghar walay kaisay hain? How your's family 79-- Tenki wa dou? mosanm kaisa hai? How’s the weather 80- Ikaga desu ka ? kiya ho raha hai

242 How’ve you been doing ? 81-Kore wa nan desu ka. ko-re, wa, nan, de-su ka Yah kiya hai? What is this? 82-Jaa, kore wa. Ja-a, ko-re, wa Pher, yah kiya hai? Then, what is this? 83- Sore wa denwa desu. so-re, wa, den-wa, de-su wo tailifune hai. That is a telephone. 84-Dono hon wa zaibi-san no desu ka. do-no, hon, wa, zai-bi, san, no, de-su, ka Zaibi ki koon se kitab hai? Which book is Mr. zaibi’s? 85-Dare no kamera desu ka. Da-re, no, ka-me-ra, de-su, ka Yah kis ka karma hai? Whose camera is it? 86-Dare no konpyuutaa desu ka. Da-re, no, kon-pyu-ut-a, de-su, ka Yah kis ka kamputar hai? Whose computer is it? 87-Dare no denwa desu ka. Da-re, no, den-wa, de-su, ka Yah kis ka tailifune hai? Whose telephone is it? 88-Sore mo anata no desu ka. So-re, mo, an-a-ta, no, de-su, ka Kiya wo bhi aap ka hai? Is that also yours? 89-Itaria no doko desu ka.

243 i-ta-ria-no, do-ko, de-su, ka Itli kahaan (waqay) hai? Where in Italy? 90-Pakisutan no doko desu ka. Pa-ki-su-tan, no, do-ko, ka Pakistan main kahaan/kis jagah? Where in Pakistan? 91-Are desu ka. a-re, dess ka Wo kiya hai? what is that? 92-Kore wa Doitsu-go de nan desu ka. Ko-re, wa, doi-tsu-go, de, nan, de-su, ka German main (essay) kiya kahain gay? What is this in German? /What do you call this in German 93-Pitaru-san wa Daarasu-umare desu ka. pi-ta-ru-san, wa, daa-ra-su, u-ma-re, de-su, ka Mr. pitar, kiya aap ka ghar Dallas main hai? Mr. pitar, is your home in Dallas 94-zikira-san wa kawaii deshou? zi ki ra-san wa ka wai i Zikra piyari hai, kiya woh piyari (cute) nahain? zikira is cute, isn't she? 95-Kare wa kuru darou? ka re wa ku ru da ro u woh aa’ay ga, thek (samjhy)? Woh aa’ay ga, darust? He will come, right? 96-Makura wo kudasai. Kiya aap mujhy sarhana day saktay hain. Can you give me a pillow?

244 97-Kono mise no pan wa sugoku oishii deshou? Es baikri ki roti lazeez hai, kiya yah (baat) darust nahain? The bread from this bakery is delicious, isn't it? 98-Anata wa hikouki de ryokou shita koto ga arimasu ka? Kiya aap nay kabhi hawae safar kiya hai? Have you ever traveled by air? 99-Kore desu ka. Kore wa kamera desu. Ko-re, de-su, ka Ko-re, wa, ka-me-ra, de-su Yah? Yah kamera hai. This? This is a camera. 100-Dare no kamera desu ka. Da-re, no, ka-me-ra, de-su, ka Yah karma kis ka hai. whose camera is it? 102-Hakubutsu-kan wa nanji ni akimasu ka? Museum kis waqt khulta hai? When is the museum open? 103-Sūpā wa nanji ni akimasu ka? Supermarket kis waqt khulti hai When is the supermarket open? 104-Yakkyoku wa nanji ni akimasu ka? pharmacy kis waqt khulti hai When is the pharmacy open? 105-Basu wa nanji ni shupattsu shimasu ka? Bas kab (kis waqt) rawana ho gu? When does the bus leave? 106-Densha wa nanji ni hasha shimasu ka? Gari kab rowana ho gi? When does the train leave? 107-Hikōki wa nanji ni shuppatsu shimasu ka? Hawae jahaz kab (kis waqt) rawana ho gi?

245 When does the flight leave? 108-Basu wa nanji ni tsukimasu ka? Gari kab (kis waqt) rawana ho gi? When does the train arrive? 109-Densha wa nanji ni tōchaku shimasu ka? Hawae jahaz kab (kis waqt) rawana ho ga? When does the flight arrive? 110-Hikōki wa nanji ni tōchaku shimasu ka? Hum kab parao karain gay? When do we stop? 111-Itsu yasumimasu ka? Hum kab waqfa karain gay? When do we have a break? 112-Eiga wa nanji kara desu ka? Movie kab shoro hoti hai? When does the movie start? 113-Gaika ryōgae wa doko de dekimasuka? Mein kahaan raqam (jaga) tabdeel kar sakta hoon? Where can I exchange money? 114-Gaika ryōgae madoguchi wa doko ni arimasuka? Raqam tabdili ki khirki kahaan hai? Where can I find a money exchange counter? 115-Anata no namae wa nan desuka? Aap ka kiya naam hai? What’s your name?

246 116-Anata no shusshin wa doko desuka? Aap kahaan say hain? Where are you from? 117-Anata no kokuseki wa doko desuka? Aap ki shehriat kahaan ki hai? What’s your nationality? 118-Anata wa o ikutsu desuka? / Anata wa nansai desuka? Aap ki umar kiya hai? How old are you? 119-Anato no o tanjyō bi wa itsu desuka? Aap ki tarikh padaesh kiya hai? What is your date of birth? 120-Go kyōdai wa imasuka? Do you have siblings? 121-Go kyōdai wa nan-nin desuka? How many siblings do you have? 122-(Anata ni wa) O kosan wa imasuka? Kiya aap kay bachay hain? Do you have children?

247 123-O kosan wa nan-nin desuka? Aap kay kitnay bachay hain? How many children do you have? 124-Anata no jyūsho -wa nan desuka? / -o oshiete kudasai aap ka pata kiya hai? What is your address? 125-Anata no denwa bangō wa nanban desuka? Aap ka telephone number kiya hai? What is your telephone number? 126-Anata no keitai bangō wa nanban desuka? Aap ka cell phone number kiya hai? What is your cell phone number? 127-Anata no ryoken bangō wa nanban desuka ? aap ka passport number kiya hai? What is your passport number? 128--Atatakai kinai shoku wa demasuka? Kiya aap garam khana serve kar sakain gay? Will you serve a hot meal? 129--Hikōki wa konde imasuka?

248 Kiya parwaz bohat masroof hai? Is the flight very busy? 130-Biza wa hitsuyō desuka? Kiya mujhy vizay ki zarorat hai? Do I need a visa? 131-Biza no yūkō kigen wa itsu desuka? Viza kitni modat tak kay liay valid hai? How long is the visa valid for? 132-Nimotsu no kosū no seigen wa nan desuka? Mein saman main kitnay item lay ja sakta hoon How many pieces of luggage can I take? 133-Kokusai-teki ni bain-ul-aqwani sata par Internationally 134-Dono hon ga ii ka. (notice that you must use ga here) Konsi kitab achi hai? Which book is good? 135-Kion wa nando desu ka? Darja (h) hararat kiya hai? What’s the temperature?

249 136-O nomimono wa nani ga ii desu ka? Aap kiya pina pasand karain gay? What would you like to drink? 137-Nani ni nasaimasu ka? Kiya pasand farmaein gay? What would you like? 138-Nani o meshiagari masu ka? Kis cheez ka hokam daina chahain gay? What would you like to order? 139-Osusume hin wa nan desu ka? Kis cheez ki sefaresh kar saktay hai? What can you recommend? 140-Itsu aimashō ka? Hum kab milain gay? When shall we meet? 141-Dokode aimashō ka? Hum kahaan milain gay? Where shall we meet?

250 142-koko made ka? Kiya yah ekhtatam hai? Here up to? Is this the end? 143-Nani ka nomimasho ka? Kiya humain pinay ko kuch mil sakay ga? Shall we drink something? 144-Koko wa doko desu ka? Ab mein kahaan hoon. Where am I now? 145- kore wa pen desu ka? Kiya yah eak qalam hai? Is this a pen? 146- konojo wa pakisutani-jindesu ka? Kiya woh (orat) Pakistani hai? Is she pakitani/pakistanian? 147- Anata wa doko no hito desu ka? Aap kis alaqah say ta’alaq rakhtay hain? Where are you from? 148-Doko ni ikimasu ka? Aap kahaan ja rahay hain? Where are you going? 149-Kasur de nani o kaimasu ka? Aap kasur say kiya kharidain gay? What will you buy in Kasur? 150-Dare ka imasu ka? Kiya koe wahaan hai? Is anybody there? 151-choushi wa dou dai? Sab kaisa hai? How’s everything? 152-Genki desu ka? Aap kaisay hain?

251 Aap ka kiya haa hai? How are you? 153-Kanojo no adana wa non desu ka? Os khatoon/orat ka mukhtaser naam kiya hai? What’s her nickname? 154-Kyou wa, naze jikoku shita no? Aaj aap late kayoon thay? Why were you late today? 155-Naze sonna ni tabete imasu ka? Aap itna zeyadah kayoon kha rahay hain? Why are you eating so much? 156-Anata no tanjoubi wa itsu desu ka? Aap ki sal’girah kab hai? When is your birthday? 157-Anata no shinyuu wa dare desu ka? Aap ka behtarein dost koon hai? Who is your best friend? 158-Mouichido itte kuremasuka? Kiya aap essay dobarah keh saktay hai? Can you say it again? 159-Yukkuri shabette kuremasuka? Kiya aap ahistah(h) bool sakein gay? Kiya aap ahistah (h) ahistah (h) bool saktay hai? Can you speak slowly? 160-Nanji desu ka? Kiya waqt howa hai? What time is it? 161-kaju o ippai kudasai? Kiya mujhy eak juice ka glass mil sakta hai? May I have a glass of juice? 162-o-cha o ippai kudasai? Kiya mujhy sabaz cha’ay ka eak cup mil sakta hai? May I have a cup of green tea?

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163- miji o ippai kudasai? Kiya mujhy pani ka eak glass mil sakta hai? May I have a glass of water? 164- Yuubinkyoku wa doko desu? Dak’khanah kahaan hai? Where is the post office? 165- Shiba depaatomentro wa doko desu ka? shihiba Departmental Store kahaan hai? Where is Shiba Departmental Store 166- Gokazoku waikaga? Aap kay ghar walay kaisay hain? How your's family? 167- Tenki wa dou? mosanm kaisa hai? How’s the weather ? 168- Ikaga desu ka ? kiya ho raha hai? how've you been doing? 169-Kore wa nan desu ka. ko-re, wa, nan, de-su ka yah kiya haiWhat is this? Yah kiya hai? 170-Dare no kamera desu ka. Da-re, no, ka-me-ra, de-su, ka Yah kis ka karma hai? Whose camera is it? 171-Dono hon wa zaibi-san no desu ka? do-no, hon, wa, zai-bi, san, no, de-su, ka Zaibi ki koon se kitab hai? Which book is Miss. zaibi’s? 172-Dare no konpyuutaa desu ka. Da-re, no, kon-pyu-ut-a, de-su, ka Yah kis ka kamputar hai?

253 Whose computer is it? 173-Dare no denwa desu ka. Da-re, no, den-wa, de-su, ka Yah kis ka tailifune hai? Whose telephone is it? 174-Sore mo anata no desu ka. So-re, mo, an-a-ta, no, de-su, ka Kiya wo bhi aap ka hai? Is that also yours? 175-Itaria no doko desu ka. i-ta-ria-no, do-ko, de-su, ka Itli kahaan waqay hai? Where in Italy? 176-Pakisutan no doko desu ka. Pa-ki-su-tan, no, do-ko, ka Pakistan main kis jagah/kahaan? Where in Pakistan? 177-Kare wa kuru darou? ka re wa ku ru da ro u Woh aa’ay ga, darust? He will come, right? 178-Makura wo kudasai. Kiya aap mujhy sarhana day saktay hain. Can you give me a pillow? 179-Kono mise no pan wa sugoku oishii deshou? Es baikri ki roti lazeez hai, kiya yah darust nahain? The bread from this bakery is delicious, isn't it? 180-Anata wa hikouki de ryokou shita koto ga arimasu ka? Kiya aap nay kabhi hawae safar kiya hai? Have you ever traveled by air?

254 181-Dare no kamera desu ka? Da-re, no, ka-me-ra, de-su, ka Yah karma kis ka hai? Whose camera is it? 182-Ko-re, wa, ni-hon-go, nan, de-su (des), ka Japani main essay kiya kahain gay/ japani main es ka kiya naam hai? What is it in Japanese? 183-Itsu yasumimasu ka? Gari kab chalti hai? When does the movie start? 184-Eiga wa nanji kara desu ka? Theatre kan shoro hota hai? When does the theatre start? 185-Basu wa nanji ni shupattsu shimasu ka? Bas kab chalay gi? When does the bus leave? 186-Hakubutsu-kan wa nanji ni akimasu ka? Muziam kab kholta hai? When is the museum open? 187-Sūpā wa nanji ni akimasu ka? Suparmaket kab khulti hai? When is the supermarket open?

255 189-Yakkyoku wa nanji ni akimasu ka? Pharmacy kab khulti hai? When is the pharmacy open? 190-Hikōki wa nanji ni shuppatsu shimasu ka? Gari kab chalti hai?/ Gari kab chalay gi? When does the train leave? 191-Densha wa nanji ni hasha shimasu ka? When does the flight leave? 192-Basu wa nanji ni tsukimasu ka? Bus kab ponchay gi? When does the bus arrive? 193-Densha wa nanji ni tōchaku shimasu ka? Gari kab ponchay gi? When does the train arrive? 194-Itsu tomarimasu ka? Hum kab rukain gay? When do we stop? 195-Itsu yasumimasu ka? Humai kab waqfa ho ga? When do we have a break? 196-Go kyōdai wa imasuka? Anato no o tanjyō bi wa itsu desuka? Aap ki tarikh padaesh kiya hai?

256 What is your date of birth? 197-(Anata ni wa) O kosan wa imasuka? Kiya aap kay bachay hain? Do you have children? 198-O kosan wa nan-nin desuka? Aap kay kitnay bachay hain? How many children do you have? 199(Anata wa) kekkon shite imasuka? Kiya aap shadi’shoda hain? Are you married? 201-desuka? / -o oshiete kudasai aap ka pata kiya hai? What is your address? 200-Anata no denwa bangō wa nanban desuka? Anata no jyūsho -wa nan aap ka telephone number kiya hai? What is your telephone number? 201Anata no keitai bangō wa nanban desuka? Aap ka cell phone number kiya hai? What is your cell phone number?

257 202-Anata no ryoken bangō wa nanban desuka? Aap ka passport numberkiya hai? What is your passport number? 203-Anata no mēru adoresu wa nan desuka? Aap ka emails address kiya hai? What is your email address? 204-Itami wa arimasu ka? Kya aap ko dard hai?/kya aap dard main mobtila hain? Do you have pain? 205-Doko ga itai desu ka? Aap ko kahaan dard hai?/aap ko kahaan dard hota hai? Where do you have pain? 206-Netsu wa arimasu ka? Kya aap bokhar main mobtala hain? /kya aap ko bokhar hai? Do you have fever? 207-Nani ka nomimasho ka? Kiya hum kuch pi sakain ga? /Kiya humain pinay ko kuch mil sakay ga? Shall we drink something?

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