Take Home Quiz Cdm

Take Home Quiz (Parasitology) I. Matching Type Column A 1. Amoebic dysentery 2. Chagas disease 3. tape worm 4. hookworm 5. African sleeping sickness 6. filariasis 7. malaria 8. toxoplasmosis 9. trichinosis 10. whipworm Column B A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M.

Plasmodium vivax Enterobius vermicularis Onchocerca vovulus Toxoplasma gondii Trichuris trichiura Entamoeba histolytica Necator americanus Trypanosoma brucei Wuchereria bancrofti Trypanosoma cruzi Taenia saginata Naegleria fowleri Trichinella spiralis

II. Concept Questions 1. What are the primary functions of the cyst and trophozoite in the life cycle? 2. In what ways are helminthes different from other parasites? 3. Why are there so many parasitic worm infections worldwide? 4. Give at least 10 examples of Neglected Tropical Diseases according to the DOH. III. Critical Thinking Questions 1. Explain why only female mosquitoes are involved in malaria? How about dengue? 2. How can you eradicate tapeworms? Use the answer sheet below

Name: CABILES, Jessica Feliz S.___ DE JOYA, Montessa Yllana B. MENDOZA, Razzel Nizza ____ I. Matching Type (20 pts) Items

Answer

1 2 3 4 5

F. J. K. G. H.

Protozoan / Helminthic Protozoan Protozoan Helminthic Helminthic Protozoan

Items

Answer

6 7 8 9 10

I. and C. A. D. M. E.

Protozoan / Helminthic Helminthic Protozoan Protozoan? Helminthics Helminthics

II. Concept Questions (20 pts) 1. Cyst is the resting stage of the parasite, but parasites do not actually rest, they do still have progress for themselves preparing for the trophozoite stage. In the cyst stage, parasites find hosts and embed into a suitable place in the host’s body where they could grow for them to survive. In the trophozoite stage which is the feeding stage, the parasites compensating with the nutrients in the host’s body while on the host’s organ or target in order to multiply/reproduce which aids the parasites to spread. 2. ? Helmints are different from the other parasites in a way that they free-living. Fleas for examples are parasites that live of the warm-blooded animals underneath their fur and incapable of the internal environment of the warm-blooded animals. Unlike tapeworms, wherein they live internally of the host’s body, like in the intestinal walls of human, and externally after human body eliminated it through feces. Moreover, helminths are different being a heterogeneous group of parasitic worms that include such diverse forms as the roundworms (nematodes), flukes (trematodes), tapeworms (cestodes), thornyheaded worms (acanthocephalans), and tongue worms (linguatulids). 3. The reason is because parasites can survive in simple and complex life cycles they undergo. Since parasites have life cycles that involve intermediate organisms, or vectors, carriers of disease-causing microorganisms easily transmits the disease from one host to another. Moreover, aside from animals and humans, parasites can infect even the plants around us. They secrete chemicals that induce plant cells around the parasite to rapidly divide and produce large growths known as galls. Galls formed by the root knot nematode can cause serious physical damage to the roots of important crops including tomatoes and potatoes. 4. III. Critical Thinking Questions (10 pts)

1. The reason is basically because the female mosquitoes have hypodermic mouthparts which enable them to pierce the skin and suck the blood of mammals, birds, reptiles, and other arthropods unlike the males which have reduced mouthparts and feed instead on nectar and water. Moreover, as with all mosquitoes, adult females must feast on blood before laying eggs for propagating. 2. Several vermifuges, poisonous worm-killing substances, are effective in proper dosages in treating tapeworm infestation. But unless the scolex is not dislodged, the worm is not eradicated. Scolex is the term for the head of the tapeworms equipped with a crown of hooklets for attachment to the intestinal lining of its host. Since scolex is the part attached, it must be detached in order to be flushed out of the host’s body completely together with the part of the tapeworm called proglottids which detaches to pass out with the feces of the host to generate a new scolex when ingested by another host since tapeworm eggs are contained in it.