Mmk Jan 2009 Monthly Pdf Newsletter

twGJ 3 / trSwf 3

Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f

qENjyolrsm;u“a':atmifqef;pk-unfukd jyefv$wfay;”pmwef;ukdifqJGum tzJGŒcsKyf±Hk;rS csDwufchJ-u&m jynfolŒv$wfawmfa&SŒta&mufwGif wm;qD;xdef;odrf;cHchJ&onf? ("mwfykH - MMT)

&efuek w f iG f qENjy rkd;rc taxmufawmf 006 'DZifbm 30/ 2008 ,ae@naeykdif;u a':atmifqef;pk=unf vGwfajrmufa&; v_H@aqmfqENjyr_wckjzpfyGm;chJ&m tm%mykdifrsm;u wm;jrpfvkduf+yD; qENjyol 9 OD;ukd zrf;qD;vkdufonf? qENjyolrsm;rSm trsKd;

om;'Drkdua&pDtzJG@csKyf tzJG@0ifrsm;jzpfonf? tzJG@csKyfajymcGihf&yk*~Kdvf OD;^m%f0if;u xkdjzpf&yfESihfywfouf+yD; “olwkd@&ykdifcGihftwkdif; olwkd@qENukd azmfxkwf=uwmygyJ? 'Dvkyf&yfu &mZ0wfr_ r[kwfbl;vkd@ usaemf,lqygw,f” [k AFP owif;Xmeokd@ ajymvkdufonf? ?

OD;oefΠ&mjynfw h q H yd af cgif; ukvor*~rS xkwaf 0rnf rdk;rctaxmufawmf 005 'DZifbm 5/ 2008

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vmrnfh 2009 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 22 &ufae@ wGif touf 100 jynfrh nfh jrefrmEdik if o H m; urBmh ukvor*~ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyfa[mif; OD;oef@. &mjynfhtxdrf;trSwftjzpf wHqdyfacgif; 3 rsKd; ukvor*~u xkwfa0rnf[k owif;xkwfjyef xm;onf? OD;oef@.±kyfyHkjzifh xkwfa0rnfh tar &duef 0²94 a':vm (94 jym;)wef/ qGpfZmvef aiGa=u; 1²30 qGpfz&ef@pfwef/ Oa&myor*~ aiGa=u; 1²15 ,l±w kd ef wHqyd af cgi;f rsm;udk 2009 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv 6 &ufae@wGif xkwfa0rnf[k ukvor*~ pmwdkufXme. tqdkyg xkwfjyefcsuf wGif azmfjyxm;onf? urB m h u k v or*~ t aejzif h uk v or*~ . wwd,ajrmuftwGi;f a&;rSL;csKyfjzpfonfh OD;oef@ .±kyfyHkjzifhxkwfa0onfh wHqdyfacgif; ,cifu xkwfa0cJhzl;jcif;r&SdbJ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyfrsm;.

pmrsuEf mS (8) aumfvH (3) okŒd ===

owif;pmq&m}uD; OD;oef;!GeŒf uG,fvGef

wm&ma0,H 'DZifbm 22/ 2008

“+id r f ; csrf ; a&;onf vl @ avmutwG u f omru ouf&Sd/ oufrJh avmuudkyg om,m 0ajympnfyifaponf? odk@jzpfI vGefcJhaom ESpfaygif; 65 ESpf ausmf/ 70 cef@ udkvdkeDacwf ol @ u|ef b 0ES i f h 'k w d , urB m ppf } uD ; twG i f ; zufqpf*syefwdk@. ,kwfrm&ufpufpGm tkyfcsKyfcH &aomb0rsm;rSmyif jrefrmwdik ;f &if;om; jynfol wdk@onf vGwfvyfa&;udkyif &atmif,lcJhonf? urBmol urBmom; owW0grsm;tm;vkH; b0 om,m0ajymap&ef rdrdwudk,faumif;±kH pdwf xm;y,fI t=urf;zufrE_ iS hf ppfrufvv kd m;r_rsm; udkqef@usifum +idrf;csrf;a&;.tiftm; jznfhpGuf rSomv#if rdrdESifhtwl owW0gtrsm; csrf;om =u+yD; b0wdk;wufpnfyif0ajym om,mrnf jzpfavonf?” (jrefrmtvif; oef;!Gef@/ &eHopf r*~Zif;/ 2006/ arv) ukefvGefcgeD;+yDjzpfwJh 2008 ckESpfxJrSm pmay tEkynm&Sif pme,fZif;q&mawG aºuGviG hf cJh=uwmrsm;cJhw,fvdk@ qdk&r,f xifygw,f? tarvlxk a':trm/ a=u;rkH OD;aomif;/ a':ar&Si/f OD;eef;a0/ yef;csD 0okef/ pma&;q&m armif&Jcdkif/

pmrsuEf mS (8) aumfvH (1) okŒd ===

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Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f

rdk;rc tajumif; pwifcJhonfh tajccH tar&duefESifh jynfywdkif;jynfrsm;odkŒ ajymif;a&$Œvm-u&aom jrefrmpme,fZif;orm;rsm;/ jrefrmtrsKd;om;a&; aqmif&Gufaeolrsm;udk tajcðy_yD; jrefrmpmay/ ,Ofaus;r+/ tEkynmESihf vGwfvyfpGm xkwfazmfa&;om;/ ajymqdkcGihfwdkŒ wifjyEdkif&efESihf jynfwGif;/ jynfy&Sd jrefrmvlr+rdom;pkrsm;. acwfòydifcHpm;csuf/ tawGŒtñuHwdkŒudk r#a0udk,fpm;ðyEdkif&eftwGuf rdk;rc udk xlaxmifonf? zGJŒpnf;yHktajccH tjrwftpGef;twGufr[kwfbJ/ apwemh0efxrf; pme,fZif;vkyfief;tjzpf owfrSwfonf? apwemh0efxrf;rsm;jzihfom zGJŒpnf;_yD;/ wm0ef,lEdkifolrsm;ESihf vufqihfurf;aqmif&Gufonf? tcsdef/ vl ESihf pdwftiftm;trsm;qHk; pdkufxkwfolrsm;u tvkyftr+aqmifrsm;jzpf_yD; ‚if;wdkŒESihftwl t-uHay;tr+aqmifrsm;/ xkwfvkyfa&;tzGJŒ0ifrsm; ponfjzihf zGJŒpnf;xm;onf? apwemh0efxrf;/ udk,fxludk,fxvkyfief;jzpfonfhtwGuf tvkyftzGJŒ0ifrsm;. vkyftm; ESihf apwemudk vkyfief;pm;&dwftjzpfowfrSwf_yD; vnfywfonf? &&So d nfh &HyakH iGrsm;udk jynfwiG ;f jynfyrS pmayynm&Sirf sm;/ pmayvkyfief;rsm;/ xkwfa0a&;vkyfief;rsm;odkŒ t"duxm;vSL'gef;onf?

Cartoon Win Pe - December Cartoon

2

tar vlxak ':trm 93 ESpjf ynfah rG;aeŒ rEWav;rSm pnfum;pGm usif;y rdk;rc taxmufawmf 003 ("mwfyHk rdk;rc) 'DZifbm 1/ 2008 rE Wav;òrdŒeJ@jrefrmjynf&JŒ xif&Sm;wJh usufoa&aqmif trsKd;om; pmqdk/ pma&;q&m/ owif;pm q&mr}uD; tarvlxk a':trm&JŒ 93 ESpf jynfharG;ae@tcrf;tem;udk Edk0ifbm 29 eHeufydkif;u rE Wav;òrdŒ pDADGvdkif; &yf/ 68 vrf;/ 32 ESifh 33 vrf;=um;rSm&SdwJh r[m0dZdwm±kH ausmif;wdkufu omoe[dwum&D "rRAdrmefrSm usif;ycJhygw,f?

q&mawmf oHCmawmfrsm;udk qGrf;uyfcJh+yD; te,fe,f t&yf&yfu ºuGa&mufvm=uwJh pmaytEkynm&SifawG/ {nfhonfawGudk eHeufpmeJ@ wnfcif;{nfhcHcJhygw,f? tarvlxka':trm uG,fvGefoGm;cJhayr,fh usef&pfolrdom;pkrsm;u tarharG;ae@udk qufvuf+yD; usif;yay;=uovdk tarhudkav;pm;olrsm;uvnf; tarharG;ae@udk rysufruGuf wufa&muf vm=uygw,f? tarharG;ae@yGJrSm pma&;q&m/ uAsmq&m/ tEkynm&Sifrsm;jzpf=uwJh q&m=unfatmif/ q&mudak v;(tif;0*k%&f nf)/ q&marmifr;kd ol/ OD;rd;k [de;f (om;*sme,fausm)f / ql;iSu/f ausm&f ifjrif/h rdcsr;f a0/ oef;jrifah tmif/ rmefjrif/h rif;xufarmif/ cufrm/ armifoif;yef/ aZmfcdkifOD;/ armifeDOD; tp&SdwJholrsm; wufa&muf=uwmudk awG@&ygw,f? ºuGa&muf=uolrsm;udk eHufpmeJ@{nfhcHt+yD;rSm òrdŒrwD;0dkif;u q&m pEN,m;odrf;armifrS pDpOfaqmif&Gufxm;wJh r[m*Dw pD'D&Gefudk zGifhjy &Si;f vif;cJyh gw,f? r[m*DweJ@ywfoufv@kd aESmif;vlawGukd Edik if w H um *Dw oauFwawGeŒJ zGiq hf &kd iS ;f jyEdik zf @kd tar vlxak ':trmu q&m OD;odr;f armif udkaqmif&Gufzdk@ t=uHðywdkufwGef;cJhw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? r[m*Dw pD'D&Gefudk tarvlxka':trm rawG@vdkuf&ayr,fh tarh arG;ae@rmS trSww f &zGijhf y&Si;f vif;cGi&hf wJt h wGuf 0rf;omrda=umif; q&mu ajym=um;cJhygw,f? tcrf;tem;udk pmayynm&Sif 300 cef@ wufa&muf cJh+yD; tarh trSwfw& pum;0dkif;zGJ@&if; atmifjrifpGm usif;yEdkifcJhygw,f? ? twGJ 3 / trSwf 3

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Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f

vlxak ':trm 93 ESpjf ynfh arG;aeŒ trSww f & *k%ðf ypm uAsmrsm; ESi;f qDviG jf yifpmaytzGŒJ u jynfywGif tcrJh tifwmeufpmtkyt f jzpf xkwaf 0 *k%fðywJh pm uAsmrsm; pkpnf;xkwfa0vdkufyg w,f? tifwmeufacwfjzpfonfhtm;av#mfpGm ‚if;pmtkyfudk tifwmeufpmtkyftjzpf tD;ar; awGuwqifh tcrJh jzef@csdvdkufygw,f? jynfya&muf ae&ma'otoD;oD;&Sd jrefrm pmaycspfolrsm;u pmaya[majymyGJawG/ qGrf; au|;yGaJ wGe@J vlxak ':trmarG;ae@ukd trSww f & ðy=ua=umif;udkvnf; od&Sd&ygw,f? q&mr}uD;[m vGefcJhwJh 2008 {+yDvrSm uG,fvGefcJhygw,f? jrefrmjynf {&m0wDwdkif;udk zsufqD;acsrGypfvdkufwJh aorif;wref em*pf rkefwkdif;udk q&mr}uD; r=um;odvdkufcJh&ygbl;? rsKd;cspfpdwf"mwf tifrwef xufoef+yD; trsKd; om;a&;twGuf tifrwefpGef@pm;+yD; &yfwnf rdk;rc taxmufawmf 003 aqmif&GufwJh q&mr}uD;om&SdaecJhr,fqdk&if 'DZifbm 1/ 2008 uavmif u d k x rf ; +yD ; O'gef ; ra=uwJ h owif ; f rf;wckukd a&;om;xd;k xGi;f cJrh mS jzpfw,fv@kd jynfya&muf pmayrdwfaqGtzGJ@wckjzpfwJh rSww ESif;qDvGifjyifu uG,fvGefol q&mr}uD; vlxk pmzwfolwOD;u trSwfw& pma&;+yD; rdk;rcudk a':trm 93 ES p f j ynf h txd r f ; trS w f t jzpf ydk@cJhygw,f? ?

rd;k rc&JŒ “Burmese Helping Burmese” jrefrmtcsif;csif; ±dik ;f yif;jcif; tpDtpOf qufvufaqmif&u G v f suf&dS rdk;rc 'DZifbm 30/ 2008 2007 oHCmhta&;awmfykHu tpðy+yD; udk,fxludk,fx pwifcJhonfh trsKd;om;a&; ulnDr_&efykHaiG v_yf&Sm;r_ jzpfygw,f? jynfy a&muf jrefrmtrsK;d om;rsm;u jynfwiG ;f &Sd trsK;d om;a&;v_yf&Sm;ol twdkuftcHrsm;/ pGef@v$wfpGef@ pm;ol oHCmawmfrsm;udk vufvrS ;f rDoavmuf tultnDay;wJh apwem0efxrf; tvkyfwck tjzpf Burmese Helping Burmese jrefrm jynf 'Drdkua&pDa&; ulnDr_&efykHaiG qdkwJh trnf ay;xm;wm jzpfygw,f? 2007 ckESpfwkef;u &efykHaiG tar&duef a':vm (ajcmufaomif;/ &Spaf xmif/ ok;H &m '\r ckESpfq,fhajcmuf) 680307²76 &&SdcJh+yD; a0,s0pP pm&dwfr&SdbJ jynfwGif;udk ulnDcJh+yD; jzpfygw,f? ,ck 2008 ESpfukefcgeD;pm&if;t& 'Drdkua&pDa&; ulnrD &_ efyaHk iG (ESpaf omif; ajcmufaxmif eJ@ ckEpS )f 26007²00 ESifh em*pfulnDr_&efykHaiG (ESpfaomif;) 20000²00 aumufcH&&SdcJh+yD; pkpkaygif; (av; aomif;/ ajcmufaxmifeJ@ ckESpf) 46007²00 udk vSL'gef;EdkifcJh+yD; jzpfygw,f? 2008 atmufwdkbmvu pwif+yD; rdk;rc rD'D,mtzGJ@udk tar&duef tcGefXmeu y&[dw tzGJ@tpnf;wcktjzpf tcGefvGwftqifh w&m; twGJ 3 / trSwf 3

rd;k rc u ,leu D w k f 5²1 pepfo;Hk jrefrmpmvk;H ESihf prf;oyfqu dk w f ck xkwv f i$ hf rdk;rc 'DZifbm 17/ 2008 2008 ESpfukefcgeD;wGif rdk;rcu 0ufqdkuf wck wd;k cs@J +yD; ,leu D w k f 5²1 pepfo;Hk jrefrmpmvk;H ESifh owif; aqmif;yg;rsm;udk wifqufrnf jzpf onf? vuf&Sd qdkufrsm;/ bavmufrsm;wGif ykHrSef qufvufwifqufaernft h jyif xdk qdu k t f opf wGif pmrlrsm;udk pmvkH;pepftopfESifh ul;,l wifjyxm;rnf? 2007 ESpfqef;u pwif+yD; rdk;rc0ufqdkuf wGif ,leDukwf jrefrmpmvkH;pepf pwifokH;pGJcJh&m jrefrmtdik t f ufpyf t D zG@J . bDtikd w f aD zmifu h kd ok;H cJh onf? ‚if;aemuf 2007 pufwifbmaemufydkif; jynfwGif;ESifh bavmh*grsm;t=um; vlóudufrsm; aom aZmf*saD zmifu h ykd g yl;wGJ tok;H ðycJo h nf? ,ck 2009 twGuf óudwifjyifqifonfhtaeESifh ,ck ay:vmonfh pepfopfazmifhudk prf;oyfqdkufwGif yl;wGJ wifquf&ef pDpOfjcif;jzpfonf? enf;ynmt& ulnDonfhtzGJ@rSm oHvGif aqmhzf tzGJ@jzpfonf? xl;jcm;csufwckrSm pepf opf azmifrh &So d nfu h eG yf sLwmrsm;jzifh xd0k ufqu kd f udk=unfh±_ygu xdkazmifhudkul;,ljcif; ðyvkyfp&m rvdkbJ *smAm;enf;pepfwcku jrefrmpmvkH;udk *&yfzpfykHpHrsm;tjzpf ajymif;vJay;rnfjzpf&m pmzwfolwdk@twGuf tqifajyvG,fulaprnf jzpfonf? pdwf0ifpm;olwdk@taeESifh http://MoeMa Ka.Info odk@oGm;a&mufvnfywfEdkif+yD jzpfonf? trsKd;om;a&;udk xufoefol jrefrmrdom;pkrsm; udk,fwdkifuvnf; rdrd tpDtpOfESifh rdrd wydkif wEdkif ulnDaxmufcHr_ jyoEdkif=uzdk@ vG,fulwJh vufqifhurf; v_yf&Sm;r_ jzpfw,fvdk@ ,kH=unfyg w,f? 2009 ESpfopfrSmvnf; wwfpGrf;Edkifor# rd;k rc 0dik ;f awmfom;rsm;u qufvuf aqmif&u G f oGm;rSm jzpfwJhta=umif; owif;ydk@vdkufygw,f?

MOEMAKA 0ifowfrSwfvdkufwJhtwGuf tvSL&Sifrsm;tae eJ@ rd;k rcudk vSL'ge;f or#ukd tcGeu f if;vGwcf iG &hf &ef 0ifaiGcGefrSm wifjyEdkifygw,f? jynf y a&muf jref r mtrsKd ; om;rsm;u jynfwGif;u trsKd;om;a&;aqmif&Gufolrsm;/ rdom;pkrsm;udk axmufcH tm;ay;ulnDvsuf&Sd a=umif; pdwf"mwfa&;&mt&yg qENjy xkwfazmf wJh tpDtpOftjzpf tvSLcH&&So d nfh aiG enf; rsm; udkrqdk vufcH+yD; ulnDwJhv_yf&Sm;r_ jzpfygw,f?

PO Box 320207 San Francisco, CA 94132- 0207 USA e-mail : [email protected] 3

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Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f “yxrOD;qkH;ujywJhyGJjzpfawmh usaemfwdk@ u tppt&m&mudk taumif;qkH; jyifqifaeyg w,f? 0dkif;0ef;aqmif&Guf=ur,fholawGudkvnf; zdwfygw,f? vkyfief;&SifawGuvnf; a=umfjim awG csdwfqGJxm;Edkifatmifvnf; zdwfac:ygw,f? Oyrm - 300/ 500 eJ@ 1000 txdayghaemf/ qdkif;bkwft&G,fudkvkduf+yD; xnfh0ifEdkifygw,f? vufrw S af wGuawmh 50/ 40/ 30 a':vmaygah emf tJovdók udwifa&mif;csaeyg+yD? 'gu t,fvaf t u òrdŒcH jrefrmrdom;pkawG 0dkif;0ef;=u+yD;vkyfwJh yGw J ck jzpf&rSmyg” [k udo k &l u ajym=um;cJo h nf? ,cifvuvnf; t,fvfatwGif pmay a[majymyGJwckudkusif;ycJhonfjzpf&m pmay/ tEkynmESifh okckryGJwdk@udk tpOfwpdkuftm;ay; aom t,fvfat jrefrmwdk@u 0dkif;0ef;tm;ay; =urnfrSm aocsma=umif; rdk;rc y&dowfwOD;u okH;oyfjyonf? “tck ESpfa[mif;ukefqkH;vdk@ ESpfopful;r,fh qef;csdef jrefrmjynf vGwfvyfa&; 61 ESpfajrmuf tjzpf ZEM0g&Dv 4 &ufae@wGif oD;av;oD;. tcsdef/ bmoma&;/ vlr_a&;eJ@ rdom;pkawG&J@ yxrOD;qkH; tar&duefyGJpOfudk ujy&rnfjzpf tvSLawG/ yGJvrf;awG/ qkHqnf;=uwJhyGJawG tck a=umif;/ jrefrm±dk;&m ,Ofaus;r_wdk@tjyif jrefrm 'DrSm awmufavsmuf&Sdaew,fh oD;av;oD;tzGJ@ kd nf; olw@kd awGu tJ'yD aJG wGukd zdw=f um; trsK;d om;a&;udk xkwaf zmfwifqufujy&ef pDpOf awGuv h +idryhf u JG kd vlord sm;atmif xm;a=umif;/ txl;ojzifh &mr,eZmwfudk wif xm;=uawmh vmr,ft quf&ef jyifqifvsu&f adS =umif;/ ya'omuyGw J ck jr‡ifhwifa&;/ y±dkrdk;&Sif;vkyfzdk@udk txl;pDpOfp&m toGifjzpfatmif oHcsyfrsm;/ jyZmwfwdk ponfh awmif rvdkawmhbl; jzpfaew,f” [k udkol&u okckr tpDtpOfwdk@ESifhtwl t+idrfhcef;udk wif ajymcJhonf? ? qufrnf jzpfa=umif; ajymjyonf?

oD;av;oD;eJŒ aq;a&mifpHk t_idrt hf zGŒJ tar&duefjynf yxrOD;qk;H yGt J jzpf t,fvaf trSm ujyrnf rdk;rc taxmufawmf 002 'DZifbm 16/ 2008 2007 oHCmhta&;awmfykHaemufydkif;wGif jref r mjynf w G i f ; u y&d o wf u d k &J & J 0 H h 0 H h ujy azsmfajz+yD; jrefrmwdk@. trsKd;om;a&; pdwf"mwf rsm; jr‡ i f h w if a y;Ed k i f a om/ jynf o l @ ud k , f p m; cHpm;csufwdk@udk xkwfazmfvsuf rsufarSmuf ta&;udk xkwfazmfa0zef jyufvkH;xkwf oa&mf Edkifaom xif&Sm;onfh t+idrfhtzGJ@wckjzpfonfh oD;av;oD;ESifh aq;a&mifpkHtzGJ@onf 2008 wESpfeD;yg; tm&SEdkifiHrsm;a&muf jrefrmwdk@udk vSnfhvnfazsmfajzcJh&mrS ,ck 2008 ESpfukefcgeD; tcsdefwGif tar&duefjynfaxmifpkokd@ a&muf&Sd vm+yD jzpfonf? xdkodk@ tar&duefjynfodk@a&muf&Sdatmif jrefrmrdom;pktoD;oD;u 0dkif;0ef;aqmif&GufcJh =ua=umif;/ e,l;a,muftajcpdkuf bm;rm; wla';rD'D,mu udkjrifhv_difukd t"duxm;vsuf óud ; pm;cJ h = u&m ,ck 1 ES p f a usmf = um+yD ; rS atmifjrifpmG a&muf&cdS &hJ a=umif; t,fvaf tu yGJpDpOfoltpktzGJ@u udkol&u rdk;rcokd@ ajym =um;onf? oD;av;oD;ESihf aq;a&mifpt Hk zG@J wm0efcjH zpf ol udka*:ZDvmu ajym=um;&mwGif æ 2009 ESpf

olyek /f owif;axmuf. tawGŒtñuH pmtkyf xGu_f yD rkd;rc taxmufawmf 006 'DZifbm 11/ 2008

pmtkyfopfwtkyf pwifjzef@csdvsuf&dSonf? 'Drkdu&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH (DVB) t}uD; wef ; owif ; axmuf uk d x uf a tmif a usmf . t*Fvyd b f momjzihf a&;om;xm;aom Far from Home: 20 years in Exile trnf&dS tqkdyg pmtkyw f iG f +yD;cho J nhf tESpf 20 twGi;f jzwfoef; chJ&onhf tawG@tñuHrsm; yg0ifonf? aqmif;yg; opf 5 yk'f/ The Irrawaddy˜ Bangkok Post˜ The Nation˜ Democratic Voice of Burma

owif;Xmewkd@wGif azmfjychJzl;onhf aqmif;yg; a[mif; 24 yk'f yg0ifonf? ukdxufatmifausmfonf jrefrmEkdifiHvkH; qkdif&m ausmif;om;rsm; 'Drkdu&ufwpf wyfOD; ABSDF wyf&if; 201 . acgi;f aqmifa[mif;wOD; jzpfonf? ,refae@u xkdif;EkdifiH/ csif;rkdifòrd@wGifðyvkyf onhf pmtkyrf w d q f ufyw GJ iG f ukx d ufatmifausmf u “'DpmtkyfrSm jrefrmjynfta&;eJ@ywfouf+yD; pOf;pm;p&mawG awG@vdrfhr,f/ bmqufvkyf=u Far from Home: 20 years in Exile rvJqkdwmukd ar;cGef;xkwfxm;w,f/ pmtkyfrSm pmtkyrf suEf mS zH;k awmh tajzay;rxm;bl;” [k qkdonf? vufeufuidk af usmif;om;acgi;f aqmifb0rS pmtkyfwefzkd;rSm 10 a':vmjzpf+yD; http/ pme,fZif;orm;tjzpf ul;ajymif;vmolwOD;. www.irrawaddy.org/Ads/far_from_ tawG@t}uKHaqmif;yg;rsm;ukd pkpnf;xm;onhf home.html rSwqihf 0,f,El idk o f nf? ?

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rdk;rc taxmufawmf (&efukef) 'DZifbm 2/ 2008 ,refae@n &efukeftcsdef 6 em&Dcef@u aumif;uif,HwGif vjcrf;auG;u ðyH;aeonfh E_ w f c rf ; [ef / aom=um=u,f u vuf 0 J E S i f h =umoyaw;=u,f u vuf , mrsuf v k H ; rsm; ozG,f aumif;uifu ikH@=unfhaeonfh ykHpHjzpfae ojzifh jrefrmwdk@ tdrfay: vrf;rrsm;ay:xGuf =unf=h u+yD; tH=h oai;arm=uonf qdo k nf? wcsK@d u ðyH;aeonfh rsufESmo¾mESifh aumif;uifudk =unfh+yD; xdwfvef@=uovkd wcsKd@u pdwfcsrf;om rda=umif; xkwfazmfajymqdkonf? “tm&Swdkufu EdkifiH}uD;awGrSm tylrD;awG wdkufaewm/ uyfqdkufaewma=umifh 'D 2008 wckvkH;udk jynfolawG yifyef;qif;&JpGm jzwfoef; =u&w,fav? tdENd,rSm t=urf;zufowfjzwf =uw,f/ xkdif;rSm tm%mydkifawGeJ@ vlxk xdyf wdkuf&ifqdkif=uw,f? jrefrmjynfrSm tjypfrJhwJh jynfolawGudk axmif ESpf 50/ 60 csypfw,f? tck aumif;uif}u;D u =u,fe@J vu ðy;H jyaeawmh “=u,fav;awGcspfp&m tjyma&mifaumif;uif rSm qdkwJh oDcsif;udk owd&rdw,f? pdwfcsrf;omrd w,f” vdk@ wa,mufu ajymygw,f? ? twGJ 3 / trSwf 3

rdk;rc owif;vGSm

Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f

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awG 'umrawGudk tckvdk axmifcsw,f/ ta0; udkydk@+yD; rdbawG om;csif;awG vdkufrrDatmif yifyef;qif;&Jatmif wylay: ESpfyl okH;yl qifh=u w,f? q&mawmfuawmh tukodkvfawGxJu ukodkvf&wJhtvkyfudk a&G;+yD; pOf;pm;w,f? &efukefeJ@a0;wJh e,ftoD;oD;u tpdk;&0ef xrf;awG/ vkHðcHa&; 0efxrf;awG/ tdrf&Sif olawmf aumif; trsKd;om;aumif; trsKd;aumif;om; orD ; awG t wG u f t&awmf w J h t jzpf / xl ; wJ h tjzpfwck jzpfvmwmyJ? tckvdk tmZmenf olawmfaumif; 'um awG 'umrawGudk tJ'DuaxmifawGxJ ydk@vdkuf +yD/ olwdk@awG a&mufvm=u+yD? aumif;aumif; rGerf eG f óudq+kd yD; *±k%m arwWmawGe@J umuG,zf @kd / apmifha&Smufzdk@/ ulnDzdk@ tcGifhta&;}uD; tJ'D t&yfukd qdu k af &mufvmwmyJ? 0dik ;f +yD; ud, k o hf m; orD;vd/k rdcif zcifrsm;vd/k nDtudk armifErS awGukd apmif h a &S m uf a y;xm;=uyg? r&nf & G , f b J e J @ ukodkvfawG &=uygvdrfhr,fvdk@ q&mawmfu arwWm&yf awmif;yefvdkufcsifygw,f? tJ'DtxJrSm ouFef;c|wf+yD; v$wfvdkufwJh oHCmawmfawGvnf; ygvmygvdrfhr,f? olwdk@ udkvnf; *±k%meJ@ apmifha&Smuf+yD; omoemðy ay;=uyg? r,lwwf&if i&J}uD;ygw,f? tckvdk cH , l v d k u f & if uk o d k v f j zpf y gvd r f h r ,f æ” [k &efukefòrd@u oufawmf 0gawmf}uD; q&mawmf }uD;wyg;u oabmxm;udk xkwfjyefrdef@=um; cJo h nf? ?

5

rdk;rc owif;vGSm

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*Dwynm&Sif rmrmat; &efyaHk iGyw JG iG f txl;oDcsif;pD'D jzefŒcsdrnf rdk;rc 'DZifbm 8/ 2008

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a':pENmckid . f Nude

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yef;csDq&mr a':pENmckdif. wukd,fawmf yef;csDjyyJGukd xkdif;EkdifiH/ csif;rkdifòrdŒwGif ,ckv twGif; ðyvkyfrnf[k od&onf? tqkdygyef;csDjyyJG zGiyfh t GJ pDtpOfudk 'DZifbm 12 &ufae@ (aom=um ae@) nae 6 em&DrS 9 em&Dtxd ðyvkyfoGm; rnf[k qko d nf? jrefrmjynfom;yef;csDq&mwkd@. yef;csDjyyJG rsm;ukd uruxðyavh&dSonhf ok0Àblrd yef;csD jycef;ESihf ,ckyJGðyvkyfrnhf Loren knutson wk@d yl ; wJ G pD p Of o nh f y J G j zpf o nf ? jyyJ G w G i f Nude painting rsm; yg0ifrnfjzpf+yD; jyyJGtrnfukd The Naked Truth trnf a y;xm;a=umif ; od&onf? jyyJGvdyfpmrSm atmufygtwkdif;jzpfonf? Loren Knutson’s House 21/1 Teawrit Rd Chiang Puck, Chiang Mai

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rdk;rc owif;vGSm

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2009 ESpu f ;l wGif tar&duefu jrefrmwdŒk uyGrJ sm;ESihf óudrnf rdk;rc taxmufawmf 002 'DZifbm 25/ 2008 jrefrmjynfu 61 ESpfajrmufESpfywfvnf vGwfvyfa&;aeŒu Zefe0g&D 4 &ufrSm usa&mufrSmjzpf+yD; tJ'D paeeJŒ we*FaEG &ufowWywfrSm tar&duefa&muf jrefrmawGu uyGrJ sm;/ t+idryhf rJG sm;eJ@ txdr;f trSwðf y=u r,f jzpfygw,f? Zefe0g&D 3 &ufae@rSm tar&duefta&S@bufjcrf; 0g&Sifwef'DpDa&muf jrefrmrdom;pkrsm;u 61 ESpfajrmuf vGwfvyfa&;ae@eJ@ 88 ESpfajrmuf &efukefwuUodkvfarG;ae@ txdrf;trSwf tcrf;tem;udk usif;yr,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? pmayeJ@ tEkynm&SifawGjzpfwJh 'g±dkufwmOD;0if;az/ uAsm q&m armifprG ;f &nf/ aw;oH&iS f rmrmat;/ uAsmq&m atmifa0;eJ@ pEN,m; atmif0if;wdk@udk zdwf=um;+yD; a[majymyGJðyvkyfrSmjzpfovdk oDcsif;/ tu/ jyZmwfwdk@eJ@ wifquf azsmfajz=ur,fvdk@ qdkygw,f? (udk&ifat;/ zkH; 301 905 7591) tJ'D w&ufwnf;rSmyJ e,l;a,mufu jrefrmrdom;pkrsm;u jynfwiG ;f u Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;awGuu kd n l &D ef &efyaHk iGyw JG &yf usi;f yr,fv@kd ajymyg w,f? tJ'DyGJudk OD;aqmifolawGuawmh bm;rm;ydGKif@tzGJ@vdk@ qdkygw,f? jrefrmhta&; rSwfwrf;wif ±kyfoH wifqufjcif;/ jrefrmhta&;wdk@udk wifjy aqG;aEG;jcif;wdk@ ðyvkyfr,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? (bm;rm;ydGKifh/ zkH; - 718 396 1464) Zefe0g&Dv 4 &ufae@rSmawmh tar&duef taemufjcrf; avmhtdef *svdpfu jrefrmrdom;pkawGu ‘oD;av;oD;eJ@ aq;a&mifpkH t+idrfhtzGJ@’ eJ@ ya'omuyGJwck usif;yrSm jzpfygw,f? (udkol& - 714 331 5804)

rmrmat; azmifa';&Si;f . yxrqH;k &efyakH iGyJG ðyvky_f yD;pD; rdk;rc taxmufawmf 002 'DZifbm 15/ 2008 aw;oH&Sifrmrmat;ESifh *DwjrwfEdk;olrsm; pkaygif;zGJ@pnf;xm;onfh ‘rmrmat; azmifa';&Si;f ’. yxrqH;k &efyakH iG aw;*Dwazsmaf jzyGu J kd tar&d uefjynfaxmifpkY 'DZifbmv 13 &ufae@uðyvkyfcJh&m y&dowf 200 ausmf wufa&muftm;ay;cJhonf? u,fvDzdk;eD;,m;jynfe,f a';vD;pD;wD;òrdŒ&Sd uyGJ±HkwckwGifðyvkyfaom tqdkyg azsmfajzyGJudk nae 7 em&DrS n 11 em&Dtxd ðyvkyfcJh+yD; aw;oH&Sif rmrmat;ESifh a'ocHtEkynm&Sifrsm;u azsmfajzwifqufcJh=uonf?

pmrsuEf mS (8) aumfvH (2) okŒd === twGJ 3 / trSwf 3

jrefrmtrsKd;orD;awGukd vluek u f ;l ol *syeftrsKd;om; 2 OD; tzrf;cH& rdk;rc taxmuf 007 'DZifbm 20/ 2008 jrefrmtrsKd;orD; 5 OD;udk *syefEdkifiHodk@ydk@aqmifay;cJh+yD; pm;aomuf qdkifrsm;wGif tvkyfvkyfudkifapcJhonfhtwGuf vlukeful;r_jzifh *syeftrsKd; om; 2 OD;udk zrf;qD;vkdufa=umif; wkdusKdòrd@awmf&Jrsm;u 'DZifbmv 10 &ufae@wGif a=unmvdkufonf? Wellness Network 21 trnf&Sd ukr`%D. OuUXjzpfol rpPwm [D'Jhtdk ckdbkeJ@ (touf 69 ESpf) ESifh pm&Gufpmwrf;rSwfykHwif±kH;rS rpPwm tDZkrd tdkrdk;&d (touf 58 ESpf)wdk@tm; vl0ifr_}uD;=uyfa&;Oya't& *syef EkdifiHwGif zrf;qD;vdkufjcif; jzpfonf? touf 27 ESpft&G,f =uH&myg jrefrm trsKd;orD;yGJpm;wOD;udkyg zrf;rdxm;+yDjzpfonf? rpPwm ckdbkeJ@onf jrefrmEdkifiH&Sd *syefpmoifwef;ausmif;wausmif;rS atmifvufrSwftwkrsm;/ ‚if;.uGefysLwmaqmhzf0JESifh a&mif;0,fa&; ukr`%DrS tvkyfvkyfydkifcGifh vufrSwftwkrsm;udktokH;csum jrefrmtrsKd; orD; 5 OD; *syefEikd if w H iG f w&m;0if aexdik cf iG &hf a&; =uHpnfco hJ jzifh ,ckuo hJ @dk zrf;qD;&jcif;jzpfa=umif; *syef&Jrsm;u xkwfazmfajymqdkonf? jrefrmtrsKd;orD;rsm;onf wOD;v#if *syefaiG ,ef; 1 oef;cGJpD rpPwm ckdbkeJ@tm; yGJctjzpfay;&onf[k *syef&Jrsm;. ppfcsufu qdkonf? rpPwm ckdbkeJ@ESifh rpPwmtdkrdk;&dwdk@ ESpfOD;onf 2006 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dvydkif;rSpI vluek u f ;l onfv h yk if ef;udk vkyu f ikd cf ahJ =umif; ppfaq;awG@&&dS +yD; ‚if;vkyif ef;rS *syef ,ef;aiG oef; 160 cef@&&Scd o hJ nf[k *syef&rJ sm;u ,k=H unfae=uonf? rpPwmckdbkeJ@onf ‚if;ukr`%D. pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;udktokH;ðyI w±kwfEdkifiH *Grfa'gif;jynfe,f *GrfZdk;òrdŒ&Sd *syefaumifppf0ef±kH;udk tm;udk; tm;xm;ðyum w±kwfEdkifiHom; 135 OD;twGuf *syefADZm wufokwf±kduf av#mufcJha=umif; ppfaq;awG@&Sd&onf? Tenf;jzifh *syefEkdifiHwGif;okd@ w&m;r0if vlukeful;cJhjcif; jzpfa=umif; *syef&Jrsm;uqdkonf? “usaemfuawmh pm;aomufqkdifawGrSm tvkyfvkdufoGif;ay;±kHouf oufyg/ tkdrdk;&duom *syefEdkifiHxJudk wu,fvufawG@ac:vmol jzpf w,f” [k rpPwmckdbkeJ@u *syefpkHprf;a&;&Jrsm;a&S@ xGufqkdcJhonf? rpPwmtkdrkd;&durl ‚if;tay:csrSwfonfhjypf'%fudk jiif;qefvdkuf+yD; “'guawmh vltvkH;t&if;eJ@ vlarSmifcdkukeful;wmrS r[kwfwm æ” [k jiif;qdkonf? 2003 ckESpfwGif pwifwnfaxmifcJhonfh Wellness Network 21 ukr`%Donf wdkusKdtajcpdkuf &mZ0wf*kd%f;wckESifhcsdwfqufI pD;yGm;a&; vkyfudkifaea=umif; *syef&Jrsm;u xkwfazmfEdkifcJhonf? (owif;rl&if; - *syefEdkifiHxkwf ‘rdkif;tdedcsd’ ae@pOfowif;pm)

7

rdk;rc owif;vGSm

Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f

OD;oefŒ&mjynfhwHqdyfacgif; rS =====

v#yfwjyuf rEWav; ausmufcJo,fonhftvkyf vkyfukdifaeaom ajcAvm uav;oli,f ausmufcJrsm;ukd usKH;xnhf_yD; vSnf;ay:wif&onf? ausmufcJwjcif;twGuf uav;wa,muf. vkyftm;crSm 15 usyf jzpfonf?

owif;pmq&m}uD; OD;oef;!GefΠrS =====

rmrmat; azmifa';&Sif; rS =====

armifwnf+idrf/ eDwmOD; OuUajr pwJholawG[m 'DESpfrSmyJ qkH;±_H;cJh&wmyg? 'Dtrnfpm&if;[m vufvSrf;rDoIyg? xyf+yD;usefEdkifygao;w,f? aemufxyfr=um;yg&apeJ@v@kd qak wmif;ae&ygw,f? tckvnf; 0g&ifhowif;pmq&m}uD; OD;oef; !Gef@ (83 ESpf)/ (1926 - 2008) uG,fvGefcJhjyef yg+yD? q&mhudk jrefrmhtvif;oef;!Gef@tjzpf vlodrsm;ygw,f? 1940jynfhESpf apmapmydkif;u pwif+yD; jrefrmhtvif;owif;pmwdu k rf mS tvkyf oiftjzpf0ifa&mufcw hJ ,f? *syefacwfrmS *sme,f ausmfOD;cspfarmif&J@ *sme,fausmfrSm taxGaxG tultjzpf 0ifa&mufaqmif&u G cf zhJ ;l ygw,f? 1946 ckESpfu BRA (Burma Reporter Association) ac: Armjynf owif;axmufrsm; toif;udk pwifxlaxmif&mwGif yg0ifolwOD; jzpfygw,f? q&m[m &efukefòrdŒ wmarGòrd@e,f/ ykodrf !Gef@&yfuGuf/ uUKp>o,vrf; trSwf 52 ae (OD;xGef;OD;/ a':ESif;&D) wdk@&J@om;/ (a':ydk;(c) a':wifat;)&JŒcifyGef;jzpf+yD; arG;csif; 10 a,muf teuf e0rajrmuf om; jzpfygw,f? q&m[m 'DZifbm 19/ 2008 (aom=umae@) n 8 em&D 20 rdepf &efukef a&$A[dk txl;ukaq;cef;rSm uG,fvGefcJhygw,f? uG,fvGefcsdefrSm om;orD; 5 a,muf/ ajr; 7 a,muf/ jrpf 6 a,muf usef&pf cJhygw,f? q&mhudk a&a0;ok\efrSm 'DZifbm 21/ 2008 (we*FaEGae@) ae@vnf 2 em&Du rD;o+*õKvf +yD;pD;cJyh gw,f? q&mhukd cspcf ifav;pm; wJh Edik if aH &;/ owif;pm/ tEkynm todik ;f t0dik ;f rS yd@k aqmif=uolrsm;eJ@ pnfum;wJh psmyewck jzpfchJ ygw,f? ?

‘oDcsi;f qd&k atmif’[k trnfay;xm;onfh tqdk ygyGJwGif aw;oH&Sif rmrmat;u azmifa'; &Sif; ES i f h y wf o uf I y&d o wf t m;&S i f ; jy+yD ; ‚if ; . ausm=f um;aomaw;oDcsi;f rsm;xJrS ‘oufwaH y: rSm upm;r,f’/ ‘ydawmufvrf;’/ ‘arhuGufudk &Sm’/ ‘tdkb,fhw%Sm rdrm,m’ ponfh aw; oDcsif;rsm;udkqdkjzpfcJhonfhta=umif;rsm;udk ajym jy&if; oDqdkjycJhonfhtjyif òrd@r+idrf;. ‘oufa0’ oD c sif ; ud k rnf o d k @ oD q k d & a=umif ; wyk d ' f c sif ; oif=um;jyo+yD; y&dowfESifhtwl oDqdkcJhonf? xkd@jyif aw;oH&Sif rmrmat;xHY pEN&m; &uf w d k o if w ef ; wuf a &muf c J h a om jref r m uav;i,frsm;uvnf; ‘xHwsm aw&Sif’ aw; oGm;jzifh wifqufc=hJ uonf? azsmfajzyGJtwGif; aw;oH&Sif rmrmat;u ‘csrf;ajrŒygap’ aw;oDcsif; oDqdk&if; y&dowf tm;vH k ; ud k wOD ; csif ; vd k u f v H E_ w f q uf c J h + yD ; y&dowfrsm;uvnf; trSwfw& yef;pnf;ay; jcif;/ azmifa';&Sif;twGuf tvSLaiG ay;tyfjcif; rsm; ðyvkyfcJh=uonf? rmrmat; azmifa';&Sif;udk touf 66 ESpf jynfhcJh+yDjzpfonfh aw;oH&Sif rmrmat;. tEk ynmrSwfwrf;tm;vHk;udk odrf;qnf;xm;Edkif&ef/ jrefrmh*Eˆ0if aw;*Dwudk 0dkif;0ef;xdef;odrf;&efESifh *DwtEkynm&Sifrsm;tm; yHhydk;&ef/ jynfya&muf jrefrmuav;rsm;twGuf jrefrmpm jrefrmpum; oifwef;rsm;zGifhvSpfay;&ef ponfh &nf&G,fcsuf rsm;jzifh tar&duefjynf axmifpkY w&m;0if rSwfyHkwifzGJ@pnf;cJhjcif;jzpfonf? ?

8

&mjynf h t xd r f ; trS w f t jzpf xk w f a 0jcif ; rS m vnf; yxrqHk;jzpfonf[k e,l;a,mufòrdŒ&Sd wHqdyfacgif; pkaqmif;ol jrefrmwOD;u ajymjycJh onf? OD;oef@rwdkifrD &mjynfhyk*~Kdvfrsm;jzpfonfh ukvor*~ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyfa[mif;rsm;rSm yxrqHk;twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf aemfa0EdkifiHom; x&dADvD; (1896-1968) ESifh 'kwd, twGif;a&; rSL;csKyf qD'G ifEikd if o H m; 'uf[rf;rm;±_;d vf (19051961) wdk@jzpfonf? OD;oef@udk {&m0wDwdkif; yef;waemfòrd@wGif tz OD;zdk;ESpf/ trd a':eef;aomif wdk@u 1909 ckESpfY zGm;jrifcJhonf? yef;waemf trsKd;om; txufwef;ausmif;/ &efukefwuUodkvfwdk@wGif ynmoif,lcJh+yD; txufwef;jy ausmif;q&m/ xdkrS ausmif;tkyf}uD;tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifcJh onf ? ausmif ; oH k ; pmtk y f yH k E S d y f x k w f a 0a&; aumfrwD/ trsKd;om;ynma&;aumifpD/ Armh ok a woetzG J @ wd k @ wG i f yg0if a qmif & G u f c J h + yD ; pmoif a usmif ; rsm;OD ; pD ; tzG J @ tr_ a qmif / *syefacwf ynma&;jyefvnfxlaxmifa&;tzGJ@ twG i f ; a&;rS L ;/ zqyvtzG J @ . vl x k a &;&m wm0efcH pojzifh wm0efrsm;xrf;aqmifcJh+yD; 1961 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv 3 &ufae@rSpI ukv or*~ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf jzpfvmcJhonf? OD ; oef @ .ZeD ; rS m a':od e f ; wif j zpf + yD ; om;orD; 3 OD; xGef;um;cJhonf? OD;oef@onf 1974 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv 25 &uf touf 65 ESpf wGif uifqma&m*gjzifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpk e,l ; a,muf ò rd @ Y uG , f v G e f c J h o nf ? ‚if ; . ±kyfuvmyfudk jrefrmjynfodk@ jyefvnfo,f,lcJh aomfvnf; xdkpOfu rqv tpdk;&. *±kwpdkuf r&Sdr_a=umifh &efukefwuUodkvfausmif;om;rsm; tHºk uGum ‘OD;oef@ psmyeta&;tcif;’ ay:ayguf cJhonf? OD;oef@. &mjynfh txl;tpOfudk rdk;rc u wifqufoGm;rnfjzpfygI OD;oef@ESifhywfouf+yD; wifjyvdkaom ta=umif;t&mrsm; &Sdygu rdk;rc odk@ qufoG,fay;ydk@yg&ef zdwfac:tyfygonf? ?

ta-umif;trsKd;rsKd;a-umifh pmapmifxGuf&uf aemufusoGm;cJh&onfhtwGuf rdk;rc pmapmif y&dowfrsm;tm; tEl;t!Gwf awmif;yeftyfygw,f?

twGJ 3 / trSwf 3

Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f

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av armifav;/ tJ'Dvdk oGm;oGm; ESL;ae&wm? oluvnf; okH;cgxuf ydk rESL;&bl;? rrcsKd zwfjy vdk@ ajymvdkufwmyJ? tJ'aD wmh ol@zmomol aom=umae@ reuf tapm}uD;x+yD; b,favmuf óudO;D OD;/ zwfawm@ twlwlzwf&wmygyJ? oluvnf; udk,fzwfjy &if auseyfvdk@? olwa,mufwnf; rzwfcsif awmh o avmuf ud k , f z wf j ywmud k pG J w ,f ? bmjzpfvdk@vJqdkawm@ udk,fu ZmwfaumifawG pum;ajymwm zwf&if toHae toHxm; tedrhf tjrifeh @J pum;wu,fajymaeovdk zwfwmud;k ? vlqdk;qdkvnf; vlqdk; toH/ ,kefuav;qdkvnf; ,kefuav; tm;i,fwJh toH? ud, k w f @kd armifErS ESpaf ,muf tdy, f may:rSm 0rf;vsm;arSmuf+yD; zwf=uwmyg? olu ab;rSm udk,fzwfwmudk yg;pyfwv_yfv_yfeJ@ wvkH;csif; vdu k &f w G v f @kd ? ud, k af usmo f mG ;&if 'DrmS usecf +hJ yDv@kd axmufjywwfolyg? udk,fu qGJxm;wJ@ o±kyf azmfyef;csDqdkvnf; jznf@pGuf+yD; bmomjyefvdkuf ao;wm? ykHudk =unfhygvm; 0HykavGu udkufpm; awmhrSm pojzifhaygh? q&m}uD; OD;b=unf yef;csD awGqdk&if touf0ifvGef;vdk@ odyfóudufwmayg@? i,fi,fuwnf;uae 7 wef; 8 wef; txd usL&Sifwufvnf; udk,fwdk@armifESrESpfa,muf twlwlyJ? udk,fhxuf olu 1 wef;i,fayr,fh udk,ftazmf&atmif rdbawGu ol@udk tjrJ udk,fhtwef; vdkufwufapw,f? olu ^m%f vnf; aumif;w,f? 'ga=umifh 8 wef;rSm ol 5 bmom *k%fxl;xGufao;w,f? tJ'Dvdk vkH;axG;aewJh udk,fwdk@ armifESr ESpfa,muf enf;enf;a0;oGm;wmu ol 9 wef; avmufrSmyg? olu rdef;uav;awG trawG =um;xJrSm }uD;jyif;vm&olrdk@ rdef;rqefrSm EGJ@rSm ol@udk,fol tifrwef ylykH&w,f? ckrS tJ'Dtcsdef awGudk jyefpOf;pm;rdwmu ol 'Dvdka,musFm; qefqef =urf;=urf;wrf;wrf;yku H kd óud;pm;aqmuf wnf,l&ykH&w,fvdk@ xifrdwmyg? bmjzpfvdk@vJqdkawmh udk,fwdk@ tdrfrSm a,musFm;av;qdkvdk@ ol@tjyif tazom&Sdw,f/ tazqdkwmuvnf; pdwfu El;El;nHhnHh/ pmeJ@ uAsmrSmyJ aysmfarG@ol? oHawmif wcsuf±dkufzl; olr[kw?f ^m%fr;kd t&G,af &mufvmawm@ tar eJ@ udk,fwdk@nDtrawGrSm tpGef;ESpfck=um; pdwf yifyef;vdkufwm? ñuH&wJ@ a,musFm;ESpfa,mufrSm tazus awmh El;nHhvGef;vdk@ wzufpGef;rSm &yfaewJ@ol? pdwful;,Of urBmxJrSmyJaecsifol? ^m%frdk;us

rdk;rc owif;vGSm awmh tazeJ@qef@usifzuf wu,fhudk =urf; =urf;wrf;wrf; 0ke;f 0ke;f 'dik ;f 'dik ;f ? vufawG@usus? udk,fwdk@&if;ESD;}uD;jyif;vm&wJh tazhykHpHeJ@ wjcm; pD? olvnf; [dkzuf wzufpGef;rSm &yfolayyJ? ^m%frdk;u tdrfcifvGef;olyg? tdrf[if; tdrx f rif;rS +rdeo f al yg?h rdwaf qG oli,fcsi;f tjyif vltay:rSmawm@ olu tifrwef aumif;w,f? tdrfrSmawmh Adkvfuscsif/ tEdkifvdkcsifw,f? tar u cspfvGef;awmh tvdkvnf; vdkuf&Smw,f? wOD;wnf;aom om;axG;ayudk;? aemuf tarqkH;awmh ol vkH;0 ajymif;vJ oGm;w,f? tawmfvnf; &ifhusufvmw,f? pmzwfwmvnf; 0goemygawmh pmuvnf; ol@udkajymif;vJapw,f? ol@udk tjrJarwWmxm; aewJh rdbeJ@ rdom;pk arwWmudkvnf; em;vnf oGm;wm ygrSmygyJ? ol &nf;pm;xm;awmh wtdrfvkH; ae@csif; rqdkif; odoGm;wmygyJ? bmjzpfvdk@vJqdkawm@ ^m%frdk;u tdrfrSm “ol ighudk ðypm;ae+yD? ol@udkyJ owd&+yD; jrifaew,f? u,f=uygtkH;” vdk@ atmf aevdk@yg? udk,fwdk@rSm ol@rdef;uav;udk rjrifzl;cif uwnf;u oem;vdkuf&wm? ol AdkvfusrSm pdwfyl&wmudk;? udk,fuvnf; pifumyluae ydk@pfpu'fav; ydk@vdkufao;w,f? ykHav;u vl0H}uD;u ol@*sdKif; =um;xJrSm a=umifao;ao;av; n‡yf+yD;csDxm; ykHyg? eifeJ@ eifhaumifrav;ykH qdk+yD;awmhav? olutom;ndKndK vlaumifu xGm;xGm;/ ol@ rd e f ; uav;u tom;jzLjzL yd e f y d e f a o;ao; cyfðyH;ðyH; cyfat;at; av? eHrnfu ,Of,Of wJ?h olwdk@ ESpfa,muf &efukefjrpfudk jrifae&wJh ae&mav;rSm tjrJxdkif+yD; pum;awGajym=uwm wJh? ^m%frdk;u oabFmawGudk t&rf;pdwf0ifpm; w,f? olu ta0;uvSrf;jrif&wJh yifv,ful; oabF m }uD ; awG u d k = unf @ +yD ; oabF m awG ta=umif; &Snf&Snfa0;a0; &Sif;jywwfwm wJh? oabFmeJ@ywfoufwJhynm&yfawGudk 0goemyg vGef;vdk@ oabFmom; jzpfcsifwm wJh? olwdk@ vufxyft+yD; 7 vt=umrSm ol oabFmvdkufoGm;w,f? ol wu,f oabFm vdkuf&+yDqdkawmhvnf; aysmfykHr&ygbl;? olcspfwJh ,Of,Of eJ@ udk,fwdk@rdom;pkudk tawmfvGrf;&Sm wmyg? yifyef;wmvnf; ygrSmyg? zkef;xJrSm olidk aew,f? rcsKd æ ,Of,Ofu h kd owd&vdu k w f m wJ?h ,Of,Ofe@J pum;rajymvdu k &f bl; wJ?h tJ'w D ek ;f u ,Of,Ofu ol zkef;qufr,frSef;rodvdk@ ol@rdb òrd@udk tvnfvdkufoGm;aewm? aemuf 2 &uf =umxyfqufawmh olwdk@ zkef;ajymvdkuf&w,f? aemuf wywfavmuf=umawmh olvdkuf oGm;wJh oabmFat;*sifhu ta=umif;=um;vm ygw,f ? ^m%f r d k ; qk H ; +yD w J h ? tvk y f v k y f & if ; &ifbwfatmifw h ,fqv kd @kd tcef;xJ em;wke;f c%

pmrsuEf mS (11) aumfvH (3) okŒd === 9

rdk;rc owif;vGSm

Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f avmuygvw&m;udk jrwfEdk;wJhpdwfawGeJ@/ avmuudk aumif;usKd;ðyvdkpdwfawG&dSwJh vlom; awG&ŒJ pdwcf eG t f m;udk b,ftarSmifxu k ydwq f @kd xm;EdkifygovJ? a':atmifqef;pk=unf&ŒJ tiftm;}uD;rm;wJh tvif;wef;awG/ OD;0if;wif&ŒJ &J&aJ wmuf tvif; wef;awGupvdk@ rif;udkEdkif/ udkudk}uD;/ eDvmodef;/ rD;rD; pwJh ausmif;om; acgif;aqmifawG/ Zm*em/ aebkef;vwf/ aZ,smaomf pwJh tEkynmonf awG&JŒ tvif;wef;awG =u,fpifwef;awG[m yd w f q d k @ xm;wJ h tarS m if x k u d k a zmuf x G i f ; +yD ; wvif;vif; wvufvufeJ@? 'DtcdsefrSm æ ud k , f w d k @ tm;vk H ; [m tarS m if x k u tm;wif;x+yD; 'Dtvif;wef;awGudk }udK=u& vdrfhr,f? tJ'D tcgrSm æ udk,fwdk@tm;vHk; =u,fpifao;av;awG jzpfvm+yD; wrdk;vHk; vif;vuf vmvdrfhr,f? tJ'D tcgrSm æ udk,fudk,fwdkif o,faqmifvmwJh yef;awG eJ@ tvSqifxm;wJh tdrfuav;rSm rdtdkbtdkawG rdom;pkawG pkHpHknDnDeJ@ &,farmoHawG touf 0ifvmvdrfhr,f? tJ ' D tvif ; wef ; atmuf r S m ud k , f w d k @ tm;vHk;&JŒ rdom;pkawG jyefqkHawG=uvdrfhr,f? tJ'DtwGuf æ ud, k w f @kd u, kd w f ikd f tvif;wef;awG/ =u,fpif wef;awGjzpfvm=urS jzpfr,f? ?

a[refoZif Edk0ifbmv aemufqHk;ywf&JŒ =umoyaw; ae@udk aus;Zl;awmfae@vdk@ tar&duefrSm owf rSwfxm;w,f? ae&mtESH@jyef@usJaewJh rdom;pk awG[m ud, k rhf o d m;pk0ifwa,muf&ŒJ tdrrf mS jyef +yD;qHkpnf;=u/ npm twlpm;=ueJ@ aEG;axG;wJh rdom;pkb0udk jyef+yD; zrf;qkyf,lwJhae@wae@aygh? EdkifiHu us,fjyef@vGef;+yD; udk,feJ@oifhawmf r,fh ynma&;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ tvkyftudkifawG twGuf udk,fh&J@arG;&yfajrudk pGef@/ a&=unf&m jrufEk&mrSm a&G@ajymif;aexdkifwwf=uwm &mpk ESpfeJ@csD&dSae+yDjzpfwJh olwdk@awG&J@ tavhtxwck ygyJ? 'gayr,fh wESpfrSm 'Dw&ufudkawmh olwdk@ awG[m tav;teufxm;+yD; rdom;pkawGeJ@ jyefqHkpnf;zdk@ tm;xkwf=uygw,f? [dk; vGefcJhwJh ESpftpdwfavmufwkef;u rdcifae@awG/ zcifae@awGrSm yef;pnf;av;awG/ yd@k pu'fav;awGy@kd +yD; ta0;rSm&daS ewJh rdbawGukd udk,fh&JŒowd&vGrf;qGwfr_awG azmfjyavh&dSwJh olwdk@"avhudk =um;cJh&wkef;u udk,fwdk@b0awG udk udk,fauseyfvdk@? udk,fwdk@qDrSmqdk rdbawG/ bkd;bGm;awGeJ@ aowyef oufwqkH; aeavh&dSwm r[kwfvm;? ±k y f y pP n f ; tjcH t &H = um;rS m txD ; usef q ef / ajcmuf a oG @ vG e f ; wJ h tzd k ; td k tzG m ;td k a wG ta=umif;zwfc&hJ wdik ;f ud, k }f uD;jyif;cJ&h wJh vlaer_ b0udk tm;&auseyfaerdwm t}udrf}udrf tcg tcgaygh? tckawmh æ ud, k jf rwfE;kd wJh opPmeJ@ trSew f &m;twGuf csdeJ@aewJh rdtdk ztdkawG/ Eke,fvGef;wJh vlrr,f uav;awGudk ±kyfypPnf;/ ta¹cGt&HrJh [if;vif; jyifxJrSm &ifememeJ@xm;cJh&wJh b0awG æ b0&yfwnfa&;awGtwGuf a&=unf&m jrufE&k mawGrmS ajrprf;c&rf;ysK;d b0awG æ ajrprf;c&rf;ysKd;&if; aºuGysufoGm;&wJh b0 awG æ rwwfEikd v f eG ;f vk@d OyuQmðyae&wJb h 0awG æ awGa0r_awG oHo,awG tvdkrusr_awGeJ@ azmfpyfxm;wJh b0awG æ pDpOfwusr[kwf jyef@usJaewJh 'Db0awG æ wESpfrSm w&ufav;avmufyJ udk,fcspfwJh trd tbawGqD b0tarmawG a0iSz@kd / aysmpf &mawG twl &,farm=uzdk@/ r+yD;ao;wJh b0c&D;awG quf a v#muf z d k @ / vuf a wG wif ; wif ; qk y f / E_wfqufpum;qdkzdk@ æ wESpfrSm w&ufav; avmuf tcGifhta&;av;&dS=uygao;&JŒvm;? wcsed w f ek ;f u ud, k w f ikd f tm;&auseyfr&d wJh vlr_b0av;[m tdyf&m0if yHkjyifav; jzpfoGm; av+yDvm;?

10

'DESpf 'DZifbmv 10 &ufae@ æ vl@tcGifh ta&; txdrf;trSwfae@ æ tESpf 60 jynfh wJh? tarSmifxk xlxlatmuf ajc&mzsufxm; wJh acwf/ vGwfvyf[ef yHkzrf; o=um;jzL;xm;wJh acwf/ yHpk cH u G af cwfxrJ mS a&S;vl}uD;olrawGxu H olwdk@i,fpOfu pm;oHk;cJhzl;wJh vGwfvyfr_awG/ rwlnD uJGjym;wJh tvSw&m;awG uGef@jrL;cGifh/ awG ; awmcG i f h / us,f a jymr_ a wG t a=umif ; ud k =um;&wkef;u tdfyf&m0ifyHkjyifvdk@ xifcJhrdyg&JŒ? wpxufwp ydk+yD; xlxyfodyfonf;vm wJh tarSmifatmufrSm jrif& =um;&wmawG/ rajymrdapzdk@/ tmap;xdxm;wJh yg;pyf/ rjrif&J r=um;&JavmufwJh tjzpftysufawGudk jrif&uf eJ@ rjrifa,mifaqmifae&wJh a=umifawmifuef; rsufvHk;wpHk/ =um;csifwm r=um;&bJ r=um;csif wmawG 'va[m =um;ae&vGef;vdk@ xHkaewJh em;wpHkeJ@ ,Hk=unf&r_awG ysufokef;/ touf±_ ae&wJh b0wav#mufvHk; wxdwfxdwf wvef@ vef @ eJ @ qd k a wmh wcgwcg vl v m; usD ; vm; tawG;awmifrSm;&JŒ? 'DtajctaerSm us;D waumif&ŒJ tcGit hf a&; avmuf&dSao;&JŒvm;vdk@awmif rawG;rd&JwJh tcsdef? udk,fwdk@awG&JŒb0[m tvif;r&dSwJh tarSmifxkatmufrSm rao±Hkwr,f touf r#O;f r#O;f av;±_&if; vif;vufvmr,fh tvif;wef; udk tm;wif;+yD; apmifhae=u&w,f? (jrefrmjynfwiG ;f u ol&aJ umif; tm;vk;H udk OD;!Gw&f if;)

2008 em*pftvGef igwdŒk tm;vk;H &JŒ rsufEmS rsm; rdk;rc taxmufawmf (&efukef) 'DZifbm 31/ 2008 2008 arv 15/ vyGwWm bkef;awmf}uD;ausmif;rSm cdkv_Hae&wkef; ppfwyfu 'kuQonfpcef;odk@ ra&G@cif olwdk@awG&J@rsufESmawG/ 2009 odk@t0ifrSm wifqufvdkufygw,f? “bmvJ æ [ufyD; e,l;,D;,m; æ olwdk@awGudk b,frSm&Sm+yD; tJ'D qkrGefaumif; oGm;awmif; ay;&rSmvJ æ” twGJ 3 / trSwf 3

rdk;rc owif;vGSm

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13

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14

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rpm;&0cref; v#yfppfpDrHudef;awG a&tm;v#yfppfpDrHudef;awGeJ@ ywfoufvdk@ ppftpd;k &&JŒ owif;pmawGrmS / wDAaD wGrmS rpm;& 0cref;ajymqdkvmwm q,fpkESpfaygif; 2 ckru =umcJhwma=umifh jynfolvlxkuvnf; t,Hk t=unf r&Sdawmhygbl;? +yD;cJw h hJ 10 pkEpS w f ckavmufu aygi;f avmif; a&tm;v#yfppfpDrHudef;+yD;&if rD*g0yf b,fESpf axmif xGurf ,f/ oH;k vd@k awmif rukeb f ;l æ qdw k hJ tajymawG/ a&;om;wmawG[m rSwfrdae=uqJ yg? aygif ; avmif ; +yD ; awmh v nf ; ysOf ; rem; aejynfawmfrmS yJo;kH +yD; e*du k rpm;&0cref; ajym qdkcsufawG[m vufawGŒrSm w±kwfu wywf &pfwmbkdifawGeJ@ ajymoavmufrxGufwmu vnf; ppftpdk;&pDrHudef;awG&J@ obm0ygyJ? ,ckvdk &efukef/ rE Wav;eJ@ tjcm;òrdŒawGrSm tarSmifusaewmawmifrSyJ jrefrmEdkifiHajrmuf ydkif;rSm a&tm;v#yfppfuxGufwJh "gwftm;awG trsm;tjym; &Sad e+yD;/ awmifyikd ;f od@k yd@k aqmifr,fh "gwftm;vdkif;awG r&Sdwma=umifhvdk@ v#yfppf "mwf t m;yd k @ v$ w f a &; pD r H u d e f ; (awmif y d k i f ; ) !$e=f um;a&;rSL; OD;ode;f vdi_ u f ajym=um;w,fv@kd Edk0ifbm 25 &ufae@xkwf owif;pmrSm azmfjy xm;ygao;w,f? ajrmufydkif;rSm v#yfppf"gwftm; rD*g0yf 200/ 300 ydkae+yD; awmifydkif;udk ydk@p&m "gwftm; vd k i f ; awG wnf a qmuf a ejyef + yD v d k @ vl x k u d k ac|;odyOf ;D r,fh oabmygy?J &Sr;f jynfajrmufyikd ;f &JŒ

pmrsuEf mS (16) aumfvH (3) okŒd === 15

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Zefe0g&Dv 2009 ckEpS f

oef;pd;k v+id f rS =====

-o&o cifAsm;uawmh odrSmr[kwfbl;? usaemfwdk@ axmifuswm bmtr_awGeJ@vJ? vl@tcGifhta&; r&Sdvkd@qdk+yD; cifAsm;u owif;xJ xnfhajymr,f? vGwfvyfpGm xkwfazmfajymqdkcGifh r&Sdvdk@qdk+yD; owif;xJ xnfha&;r,f? usaemfwdk@udk axmif '%f tESpf 20/ 30/ 40/ 50/ 60/ tJonfvdk tjypfawGcs/ jyefvnfacsyzdk@ óud;pm;awmh a&S@ae awGudkyg axmifcs? [kwfvm;? usaemfwdk@udk ta0;}uD;u tusOf;axmifawGudk ydk@vdkuf+yD? usaemf w d k @ u 88 rsKd ; quf a wG / 'g[m jrefrmjynfrmS tjypfwcky?J tif; æ usaemfw@kd u twkduftcHygwDu ygwD0ifawG/ vli,fawG/ 'gvnf; tjypfwckyJ? +yD;awmh tifwmeufwyf xm;wJh uGefysLwm okH;pGJvdk@/ uGefysLwm okH;pGJ enf;awGukd wyg;olawGukd oif=um;jyoay;vd@k ? 'gawG [ m usaemf w k d @ ud k jypf r _ a jrmuf a pwJ h tajccHawGcsnf;yJ? aemufxyf bmpGJcsufawG ajymcsifao;vJ? usaemfw@kd u 'DA'D t D acGwckukd ul;rdv@kd / odr;f xm; rdvdk@/ olrsm;udk ay;a0rdvdk@/ [kwfvm;? qifqm u cGifhðywmwdk@ bmwdk@ usaemfwdk@ b,fol@udk oGm;ar;&rSmvJ? 'DtacGawGudk =unfhrdwmudku tjypfjzpfae+yD? wjynfvkH;u jynfolawGvnf; 'DtacG=unfhzl;+yD;om;qdkjyD; oufaojyEdkif&if usaemfwdk@ukd v$wfay;rSmvm;? aemufxyf bmtr_awG&Sdao;vJ? tifwm euf vdypf mawG/ tD;vfar; vdypf mawG &Sw d mudu k jypfra_ jrmufapwJh tajccHawGwv hJ m;? usaemfw@dk tD;vfar;awGxJrSm olrsm;awGvmydk@xm;wJh [moawG/ jyufvkH;awG/ umwGef;awG/ pmom; awGa&mufaewmeJ@ usaemfwdk@rSm tjypf&Sd+yDwJh vm;? cifAsm;wd@k pmwdu k yf ;Hk xJukd olrsm;awG xnfh csifwJhpmvmxnfhwmudk cifAsm;u vufrcHbJ aevdk@&rvm;? tJovdk pmawG/ pmom;awG/ umwGef;awG awG@wmeJ@ usaemfwdk@rSm tjypf &SdoGm;+yDvm;? tJovdkrsKd;vlawG wjynfvkH;rSm

&Sdaew,fvdk@ cifAsm;udk ajymjyEdkif&if cifAsm;u v$wfay;rSmvm;? EdkifiHjcm;oGm;wmuvnf; jypfr_ajrmufap wJhtajccHwJhvm;? pm=unfhwdkufawG oGm;wm vnf; tjypfyJvm;? bmwJh EdkifiHa&;orm;awG oGm;vmwJhae&mawGudk oGm;rdwmudku tjypf wJhvm;? yGJawG t+idrfhawG =unfhwmuvnf; tjypfyJvm;? +yD;awmh ajymao;w,f/ qlyl qEN jywJ h a e&mawG u d k oG m ;vd k @ wJ h ? bk & m;awG r S m oHCmawmfawG pDwef;vSnfhvnf arwWmokwf &Gww f m[m qlyw l mqd&k if/ tJ'D oHCmawmfawG udk0dkif;&H+yD;vdkufrdwJh usaemfwdk@rSm tjypf&Sdw,f vdk@ olwdk@u qkH;jzwfvdkuf+yD; jzpfw,f? uJ æ tjypfu b,frSmvJ? EdkifiHawmf +idrf0yfydjym;r_udk xdcdkufatmif/ EdkifiHawmf t}uD; tuJrsm; *k%foduQmxdckdufatmif usaemfwdk@ bmawG vkyfvdkufrdovJ? bmawG t=urf;zuf owfjzwf ±dkufESufvkyfvdkufrdovJ? usaemfwdk@wawGeJ@ olwdk@wawGeJ@ oabm csif;rwl=uwm[m tjypfyJ? &mZ0wfr_yJ? yk'fr 505 (c) yJ? usaemfhtóudufeJ@ olwdk@tóuduf rwlnD=uwmudku t}uD;us,fqkH;aom EdkifiH awmfvkyf=uHr_}uD;yJ? tenf;qkH; axmif'%f tESpf 20 æ? usaemfóudufwm usaemf xyfajymOD;r,fæ usaemfwdk@ óudufwm usaemfwdk@ a&G;cs,fwmu vGwfvyfr_/ w&m;r#wr_eJ@ 'Drdkua&pD? olwdk@u ppftm%m&Sifpepf? 'ga=umifh olw@kd u usaemfw@kd ukd ajymw,f? usaemfw@kd rmS tjypf&w dS ,f? axmif'%f ESpaf ygi;f 20 eJ@ txuf æ wjynfvkH;u jynfolawGu cifAsm;wdk@udk róud u f b l ; / vuf r cH b l ; qd k w m w&m;±k H ; rS m oufaoac: jyvdkufr,f? cifAsm;wdk@ bmvkyfrSm vJ ? w&m;±k H ; ud k zsuf r S m vm;? aemuf x yf axmif'%f ESpfaygif; 600 vm;/ 6000 vm;? ?

_y;D cho J nhf 'DZifbm 10 &ufaeŒ (urBmv h Œl tcGit hf a&;aeŒ)u tar&dueforRw a*sm'h bvsLbk&o fS nf owif;vGwv f yfciG fh qk;d 0g;aomEkid if rH sm;rS bavmf*grsm;ESifh tdrjf zLawmfwiG f awGŒqkcH o Jh nf? jrefrm/ b,fvm±kp/f w±kw/f usL;bm;/ tD*sp/f tD&ef/ AifeZD v GJ m; ponhf Ekid if H 6 ckrS bavmh*Ef iS fh qufo, G af &;enf;ynm tok;H ðyolrsm; wufa&mufco Jh nf? wku d yf t Hk usF 0D wfqifxm;olrmS rk;d rc 0kid ;f awmfom; armif&pf jzpfonf? (photos: Chris Greenberg)

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