Mar ('07)-8 - Spoken English

-≤Ú-´’--¢√®Ωç 19 -´÷-Ja 2007

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ ing charm to the eyes.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

(à¢Á÷, Éü¿çû√ ü¿÷®Ω°æ¤ éÌçúø-©’- †’†’°æØË Ææçí∫-ûª-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o-†’ -؈’.) 287

Pradeep: What are you carrying in your brief case? (

-F

Brief case

™ -àç -Öç-C?) (Brief case = ´·êu-¢Á’i† Ææ´÷-î √®Ωç Ö†o é¬T-û√©’ BÆæ’Èé-∞Ïx Ææ†oE suit case) Sandeep: Just a report about my health- a certificate from the medical officer that I do not carry any infectious disease.

c) A train can carry a large number of passengers.

(-võ„i-Ø˛ -î√-™«´’çC v°æߪ÷-ùÀèπ◊-©†’ -BÆæ’èπ◊-¢Á-∞¡Ÿ-ûª’ç-C.)

Distance lends charm to the eyes =

ü¿÷®Ω°æ¤ éÌçúø©’ †’†’°æ¤ (ü¿÷®Ωç ´©x àüÁjØ√ Çéπ-®Ω{-ùÃߪ’çí¬ éπ-E°œ≤ƒh-ߪ’-E ¶µ«´ç) Sandeep: Yea. Now I understand. I'm sure you got carried away by the minister's speech the other day telling young Indians to serve their mother land and not to be carried away by all that hype about better opportunities in the states.

(Ç É°æ¤púø’ Ø√éπ-®Ωn-¢Á’içC. ¢Á·†o Ç ´’çvAÖ°æ-Ø√u-ÆæçûÓ v°æ¶µ«-N-ûª-¢Á’i-§Ú-ߪ÷´¤. Çߪ’†Ø√oúø’í¬ ¶µ«®Ω-B-ߪ’ -ߪ·-´-Bߪ·´èπ◊©’ ÆæyüË-¨»-EéÀ ÊÆ¢√ îËߪ÷-©E, Å¢Á’-J鬙 áèπ◊\´ Å´-é¬-¨»-©’Ø√oߪ’ØË v°æî√-®√EéÀ ™†-´-ü¿lE.)

(Ø√ health report – ¢Ájü∆u-Cµ-é¬J ü¿í∫_®Ω †’ç* Ø√Íé-™«ç-öÀ Åçô’¢√uüµ¿’©÷ ™‰´E É-*a-† certificate) Pradeep: Why a certificate now?

d) City buses carry a large number of commuters to their places of works. (

Æœ-öà -•Ææ’q-©’ -î√-™«-´’ç-C commuters †’ ¢√∞¡Ÿx °æE-îËÊÆ îÓôxèπ◊ îË®Ω-¢Ë-≤ƒh®·.) commuter- éπ´‚uô. '´‚u— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç = -ü¿÷®√-†’†o °æE-îËÊÆ îÓôxèπ◊ (office/ factories, etc) ®ÓW v°æߪ÷ùç îËÊÆ-¢√∞¡Ÿx. commute = °æE v°æü˨»©èπ◊ î√-™« ü¿÷®Ωç ®ÓW v°æߪ÷-ùç-îË-ߪ’ôç– local trains, city buses ™«çöÀ ¢√öÀ™x) e) carry Åçõ‰ ´’†-ûÓ BÆæ’èπ◊-¢Á-∞¡x-ôç. i) He always carries a pocket book. ii) I don't carry much money.

Pradeep: By the way, where did you buy that

Now I understand (É°æ¤pú≈

certificate

suit case?

áçü¿’èπ◊?)

Sandeep: I've got to carry it because I am applying for an immigrant visa in the US.

(Ø√éπC Å´-Ææ®Ωç, ؈’ Å¢Á’-J-鬙 Æœn®Ω°æ-úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ -Å°kx îËÆæ’h-Ø√o†’ é¬--•-öÀd.) immigrant = ¢ËÍ® -üË-¨¡ç™ Æœn®Ω-°æ-úË-¢√úø’. Pradeep: Why do you want to settle in the US?

(Å¢Á’-J-鬙 áçü¿’èπ◊ Æœn®Ω-°æ-ú≈-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o´¤?) Sandeep: I want to carry on my research there.

(Ø√ °æJ-¨--üµ¿-†-†’ Åéπ\úø é̆-≤ƒ-Tç-î√-©-†’èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’) Pradeep: You can do it here as well.

(ÅC Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ îËßÁ·îª’a éπü∆?) Sandeep: But the universities in the US carry much better facilities for the kind of research I want to do.

(Å®·ûË -Å-¢Á’-Jéπ-Ø˛ -ߪ‚-E-´-Jq-öÃ-™x ؈’ îËߪ÷-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’†o °æJ-¨-üµ¿-†èπ◊ ´Ææ-ûª’©’ Ééπ\úø éπç-õ‰ î√-™« ¶«í∫’ç-ö«®·.) Pradeep: Pity most Indians do not serve their mother land.

(î√-™«´’çC ¶µ«®Ω-B-ߪ·©’ ´÷ûª%-üË-¨»-EéÀ ÊÆ´ îËߪ’-éπ-§Úôç ü¿’®Ω-ü¿%-≠déæ π®Ωç) Sandeep: You don't' understand. The facilities there are different. You don't' need any politicians favour to hold a position or to get a promotion. You've none of give you orders that you've to carry out. Academics enjoy a lot more freedom there.

(†’´y®Ωnç îËÆæ’éÓ-´ô癉ü¿’.FÖüÓuí∫ç †’´¤y îËÆæ’èπ◊ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊í¬F, Promotion §Òçü¿-ú≈EéÀ í¬E ®√ï-éÃߪ÷ ÅGµ-´÷†ç Fèπ◊ -Åéπ\®Ω™‰-ü¿-éπ\-úø (Research N≠æ-ߪ÷™x). á´®Ω÷ Fèπ◊ Çïc-L-´y®Ω’ †’´¤y P®Ω≤ƒ´£œ«ç-îËç-ü¿’-èπ◊/Å-´’©’ °æJ-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊. Åéπ\úø Nü∆u-®Ωç-í∫ç™E Nü∆u-Cµ-èπ◊©’ Ééπ\úø éπç-õ‰ áèπ◊\´ ≤ƒyûªç-vûªuç ņ’-¶µº-N-≤ƒh®Ω’.) favour = ÅGµ-´÷-†ç/-Å-†’-ví∫£æ«ç. Academics = colleges/ universities ™E Nü∆u-Cµ-èπ◊©’. Academic = Nü∆u N-≠æ-ߪ’-¢Á’i-†. Prescribing a syllabus for a course is an a academic matter =

(àüÁjØ√ course is an academic matter = àüÁjØ√ course èπ◊ EÍ®l-PçîË §ƒ®∏√u稡ç Nü¿uèπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*-çC) Pradeep: I still feel it is a case of distance lend-

(ÅC ÆæÍ®-é¬F, Ç éÌØ√o´¤?)

suit case

áéπ\úø

Sandeep: Where else? In the US. There are very big malls carrying a wide range of goods.

(ÉçÈé-éπ\úø Å-¢Á’J-é¬-™ØË, Åéπ\úø î√-™« ®Ω鬩 ≤ƒ´÷†’x/´Ææ’h-´¤-©¢Ë’t °ü¿l °ü¿l ü¿’é¬-ù«© Ææ-´·-ü∆--ߪ÷-©’ç-ö«®·.) Mall = ü¿’é¬-ù«-© Ææ´·-ü∆-ߪ÷©’çúË îÓô’ ´·êuçí¬ US ™. pradeep: OK. I must be going now. I've work at office. Yesterday I made a mistake in the accounts. I did not carry forward the amount in one of the columns to the next. I have to run the whole thing on the system again and set it right.

(ÆæÍ® ØË¢Á-∞«x-Léπ. -Ç°∂‘Æˇ-™ °æ†’çC E†oöÀ ™„éπ\™x *†o -§Ò®Ω-§ƒ-ô’ î˨».) äéπ column (pronunciation- 鬩ç = Ê°-@ °j †’ç* éÀçCéÀ ¢ËÊÆ ÅçÈé© E©’´¤ ´®ΩÆæ èπÿúÕéπ ™«xçöÀ ¢√öÀ™x) *´J ÅçÈ醒, ûª®√yA column °jéÀ ¢Ëߪ’™‰ü¿’. Ç¢Á·ûªhç ™„éπ\†’ computer ™ áéÀ\ç* ûª°æ¤p ÆæJ-C-ü∆lL. system= computer Run it in the system = computers

™éÀ áéÀ\ç-îªôç

Sandeep: Let's meet this evening again. I want to show you a story the eenadu district edition carried about a scam. eenadu edition

(≤ƒßª’çvûªç éπ-©’Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç >™«x ™ ã èπ◊ç-¶µº-éÓ-ù«Eo í∫’Jç-*† ≤Úd-J- Fèπ◊ îª÷°œç-î√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’.)

Pradeep: O.K. Take care. (

ÆæÍ® ñ«ví∫ûªh.)
















Daily life situation conversation carry expressions. Carry

É°æ¤púø’ carry èπ◊†o ´’J-éÌEo Å®√n©÷, Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©÷ îª÷ü∆lç. Look at the following sentences from the conversation at the beginning of the lesson. I) A certificate from.... that 1) ... a certificate ... that I do not carry any infectious diseases. (Ø√™ Éûª-®Ω’-©èπ◊ ≤ÚÍé Åçô’®Óí¬©’ ™‰´EÉ-*a-† certificate.) Ééπ\úø carry Åçõ‰ Å®Ωnç– Éûª-®Ω’-©èπ◊ ≤ÚÍé Åçô’ ®Óí¬-©’ç-úøôç. a) Pigs carry/ pigs are the carriers of meningitis. (

°æçü¿’© ´©x ¢Á’ü¿úø’¢√°æ¤ ¢√uCµ ¢√u°œ-Ææ’hçC.) (Ç ¢√uCµE éπL_çîË véÀ´·©’ °æçü¿’™x Öçö«®·)

b) A variety of mosquitoes carries malaria. (- ´ ’-™‰-J-ߪ ÷ äéπ®Ωéπç üÓ´’-©-´©x ¢√u°œ-Ææ ’hçC.) (¢√öÀ™ ´’™‰-Jߪ÷ éπ-L-Tç-îË véÀ´·©’çö«®·) 2) i) The universities in the US carry much better facilities for the kind of research I want to do. carry shops universities

Ééπ\úø Åçõ‰ äéπ îÓô, ´·êuçí¬ ™, ÆæçÆæn™x ©¶µºu-´’-´ôç. – Å¢Á’-J鬙E ™ ؈’ îËߪ÷-©-†’èπ◊ØË °æJ-¨-üµ¿-†èπ◊ ´Ææ-ûª’©’ Ééπ\úÕ éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\-´í¬ ©¶µºu-´’-´¤-û√®·. Ééπ\-úÕ-éπç-õ‰ ¶«í¬ ¢Á’®Ω’í¬_ Öçö«®·.

ii) There are very big malls carrying a wide range of goods. (

Åéπ\úø î√©®Ω鬩 ´Ææ’h-´¤©÷, ≤ƒ´÷†÷x ©¶µºu-´’ßË’u ü¿’é¬-ù«© Ææ´·-ü∆-ߪ÷-©’ç-ö«®·.) wide range = NÆæh %ûªv¨ÏùÀ/ î√-™«®Ω鬩. 3) Carry éÀ ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç: (Æ‘Y) í∫®Ωs¥çûÓ Öçúøôç. I can't take my wife to the US now because she is carrying.

™ ÅAûª®Ω-îª’í¬ N†-°æúË ´÷ô™x ü∆çûÓ ´îËa èπ◊ -Ö†o ÅA-≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ωù Å®√n©÷, ´’†èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ-†O äéπ-îÓô †’ç* ÉçéÓ-îÓ--ô’èπ◊ -BÆæ’èπ◊-¢Á-∞¡xôç/ (´Ææ’h-´¤-© †’ ´’†’--≠æfl©†’ îË®Ω-¢Ë-ߪ’ôç, ´’†ûÓ àüÁjØ√ BÆæ’èπ◊¢Á∞¡xôç (carry éÀ past tense, past participle - carried)

(Ø√ ¶µ«®Ωu éπúø’-°æ¤ûÓ Öçôç-´©x É°æ¤-pú≈-¢Á’†’ Å¢Á’-Jé¬èπ◊ BÆæ’èπ◊ -¢Á-∞¡x-™‰-†’.) 4) Carry éÀ ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç, à N≠æ-ߪ’-¢Á’iØ√ ã °ævA-éπ™  v°æ-J-ûª-´’-´ôç/ TV™ îª÷°œç-îªôç.

a) A porter carries luggage = porter (Railway stations/ Bus stations

(ü∆ü∆°æ¤ v°æA®Ó-W -Ñ-Ø√-úø’ °ævA-éπ™ àüÓ äéπ èπ◊ç-¶µº-éÓùç í∫’-Jç-*-† -¢√®Ωh Öçô’çC (v°æ-J-≤ƒh®Ω’).

™«çöÀ îÓôx èπÿM©’)

≤ƒ´÷-†x†’ ¢Á÷≤ƒhúø’. b) He was carrying some books. (

Åûª†’ éÌEo °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ BÆæ’èπ◊-¢Á-∞¡Ÿ-ûª’-Ø√o--úø’.) (past™)

2

a) The Eenadu carries the news of some scam or the other almost every day.

b) The channel carried a live telecast of the game.

Run The Eenadu ran the story of the land grab on its front page =

ÅE èπÿú≈ Åçö«®Ω’–

Ç ¶µº÷éπ¶«b N≠æߪ’ç ÑØ√úø’ ¢Á·ü¿öÀ Ê°@™ v°æJç-*çC). 3) I want to carry on my research there. ( carry on =

Ø√ -JÂÆ®˝a Åéπ\úø é̆-≤ƒ-Tç-î√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’.) é̆-≤ƒ-Tç-îªôç, continue îËߪ’ôç.

a) Gandhi carried on his movement in spite of a lot of opposition. (´uA-Í®-éπûª Ö†o-°æp-öÀéÀ í¬çDµ ûª† Öü¿u-´÷Eo é̆-≤ƒTç-î√úø’. (continued)) b) Please carry on. Let me not stop your watching the TV. (O’®Ω’ ™‰ü¿’.)

TV

îª÷ôdç é̆-≤ƒ-Tç-îªçúÕ.-ØË-†’ -Ç°æ-úøç

v°æ¨¡o: 1. They have gone to Hyderabad Åçõ‰ ¢√∞¡Ÿx £j«ü¿-®√-¶«ü¿’ ¢Á∞«x®Ω’. (éπü∆) ¢√∞¡Ÿx £j«ü¿-®√¶«ü¿’ ¢ÁRx ´î√a®Ω’ ņ-ö«-EéÀ They have been to Hyderabad ÆæÈ®j-†ü∆ é¬ü∆! I, we ûÓ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ been †’ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î √™«! ( ¢ÁRx ´î√a®Ω’ ÅE îÁ°æp-ö«-EéÀ) He, she, it ûÓ ¢ÁRx ´î√a®Ω’ ÅE îÁ°æpö«-EéÀ ᙫ ®√ߪ÷L? 2. Where is Vijayawada? DE™ Vijayawada ´’†-éπç-ü¿-JéÀ ûÁL-Æœ† place éπü∆! DE ´·çü¿’ 'The' ®√ü∆. 3. Simple Present Tense, Future tense ûÁ©’í∫’ ¢√é¬u©’ äÍ陫 Öçö«ßª÷! ؈’ ¢Á∞¡Ÿx-ûª’-Ø√o I go, I will go Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰Ø√! 4. soap, paper, bread, Éçé¬ î√™« uncountable nouns †’ ´’†ç- conversation ™ papers, breads, soaps Åçô÷ plural í¬ °æ©’-èπ◊ûª÷ Öçö«ç. ÉC éπÈ®-ÍédØ√? – ï©’x °æ¤-≠æp, £j«ü¿-®√-¶«ü¿’. ï¢√•’:1. They have gone to Hyderabad Åçõ‰ O’®Ω-†oô’x ¢√∞¡Ÿx Hyderabad èπ◊ ¢Á∞«x®ΩE Å®Ωnç. ¢ÁRx AJT ´î√a-®Ω-†-ö«-EéÀ – They have been to Hyderabad correct I and we he, she, it, they subject have been \ has been (to a place)

¢ÁRx ´î√a®Ω’ ņ-ö«-EéÀ ûÓ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, ûÓ èπÿ-ú≈ éπÈ®Íéd. Å®·ûË á´J N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ØÁjØ√ -Åçõ‰ à Å®·Ø√ ÆæÍ® ņo-°æ¤púø’ , ¢√∞«x ÜJéÀ ¢ÁRx ´î√a-®ΩØË é¬èπ◊çú≈, ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ Ç Ü®Ω’ ûÁ©’Ææ’, ¢√∞¡xé¬ÜJûÓ °æJ-îªßª’ç ÖçC ÅØË Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC.

e.g. a) I know Mumbai well. I have been there two or three times. b) She has been to Delhi.

(úµÕ-Mx ¢ÁRx ´*açC \ úµÕ-Mx Ç¢Á’èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’) 2. °∂晫E ´uèπ◊h©, îÓôx,Ê°®Ωx ´·çü¿’The ®√ü¿’. 'ûÁL-Æœ-†-îÓô’— Åçõ‰, Ç ûÁL-Æœ† îÓô’èπ◊ v°æûËu-éπ¢Á’i† Ê°®Ω’çõ‰ 'the' ®√ü¿’. Å™« é¬èπ◊çú≈ Railway station, post office, etc., ™«çöÀ v°æüË-¨»©’ Åçü¿-Jéà ûÁ©’Ææ’– ´·êuçí¬ ¢√öÀE í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-úø’-èπ◊-ØË-¢√-∞¡xèπ◊. Å™« ûÁL-Æœ† ¢√öÀ ´·çü¿’ 'the' ´Ææ’hçC. ÅçûË-é¬E, Mumbai, Delhi, etc., v°æûËu-éπ¢Á’i† Ê°®Ω’-†o-°æ¤púø’ ®√ü¿’. 3. Simple Present - I go ™«çöÀ ¢√é¬u™x Å®Ωnç ØËE°æ¤púø’ ¢Á∞¡Ÿh-Ø√o-†-E- é¬F, ®ÓW ¢Á∞«h-†-E-é¬F (véπ´’ç ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈ ïJÍí °æ†’-©èπ◊).I will go - Åçõ‰ future ™ ¢Á-∞«h†E– Åçõ‰ ¶µºN-≠æu-ûª’h™  Ñ È®çúø’ äéπöÀ é¬ü¿’ éπü∆? 4. -Å™« ¢√öÀE plural ™ ¢√úøôç ûªÊ°p. Å™« ¢√úøèπÿ-úø-ü¿’.

(

Ç Çô v°æûªuéπ~ v°æ≤ƒ®Ωç channel ™ îª÷°œç-î√®Ω’.) (äéÓ\-≤ƒJ, °ævA-éπ™x àüÁjØ√ N≠æߪ’ç ®√´-ö«Eo - M. SURESAN