Mar ('07)-2 - Spoken English

-¨¡-E-¢√®Ωç 3 -´÷-Ja 2007

Bhavan: We are fortunate. Democracy is still safe. OK. I've to go now. I've back breaking work. I have to attend to it.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

2

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

281

(´’†ç Eïçí¬ Åü¿%-≠d-´æ ç-ûª’-©¢Ë’. v°æñ«≤ƒy´’uç °æC©ç. ÆæÍ®. ØË ¢Á∞«xL. Ø√èπ◊ †úÕf-N-J-Ííçûª °æE ÖçC. ÅC îª÷ú≈L.)

Bharat: (Have you) heard of the hot news?

Bharat: OK, then. Bye.

(û√ñ«, ÇÆæ-éÀh-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† ¢√®Ωh NØ√o¢√?) Bhavan: (Do) you mean the government's attempt to gag the media? Thank God, before matters became too hot, the government cancelled the order.

(†’´y-†úøç, O’úÕߪ÷ ØÓ®Ω’-ØÌ-Íé\-ߪ’-ú≈-EéÀ v°æ¶µº’ûªyç îËÆ œ† v°æߪ’-ûªo¢Ë’ éπü∆? N≠æߪ’ç ´’K Bv´-´’-ßË’u-´·çüË v°æ¶µº’ûªyç ûª† Öûªh®Ω’y ®Ωü¿’l-îË-ÆœçC) gag= Å®Ω-´-ö«-EéÀ O™‰x-èπ◊çú≈ ØÓöx í∫’úøf-©’-èπ◊-éπ\ôç

☺

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Conversation ™ back ûÓ ´îËa expressions ´’JéÌEo îª÷ü∆lç. É´Fo èπÿú≈ ÆæJ-ßÁi’† Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√úÕûË, Ææçü¿-®√s¥Eo •öÀd Å´-ûªL ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ î√™« Ææ’©¶µº¢Á’i, communication Ææ’©-¶µº-´’-´¤-ûª’çC. Look at the following expressions from the conversation above. 1) He is only a back bencher in the party, as he was at school and college.

corruption charges =

= ÅN-FA, Ç®Ó-°æ-ù©’

b) Confronted by the photographs, the murderer had his back to the wall and confessed to the murder = photographs

ûÓ E©-D-Æ œ-†-°æ¤úø’, £æ«çûª-èπ◊úø’ ÉçÍéç v°æû√u´÷oߪ’ç ™‰éπ £æ«ûªu îËÆœ-†ô’d îÁÊ°p-¨»úø’. confess= îËÆ œ†ûª°æ¤p ä°æ¤p-éÓ-´ôç. confront = áü¿’-®Ó\-´ôç/ E©-D-ߪ’ôç. 4) Turn one's back on = ¢Á†’-A-®Ω-í∫ôç/ A®Ω-Ææ \Jç-îªôç/ ´uA-Í®-éÀç-îªôç/ N´·-êûª îª÷°æôç.

v°æ¨¡o: Big - large, high - huge.

– °œ. ¢Áç-éπ-ô-®√´¤, Æ‘ûª-´’t-üµ∆®Ω, N¨»-ê-°æôoç.

ï¢√•’: i) big, large, huge

ûÓ high èπ◊ Åçûª Ææç•çüµ¿ç ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆, î√™« ûªèπ◊\´ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ûª°æp. Big, large, huge éà high éà ûËú≈ î√™«-´’-ô’èπ◊

a) Her friends turned their back on her because of her conceit =

Ç¢Á’ í∫®Ωyç ´©x ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’-©ç-ü¿®Ω÷ Ç¢Á’èπ◊ ´uA-Í®-éπ-´’-ߪ÷u®Ω’.

2) The government has backed off.

clear. big huge Spoken English big

°æJ-´÷-ùç™ (size) °ü¿l-üÁj†. Large, éÀ èπÿú≈ ÉüË Å®Ωnç ÖçC. Å®·ûË ™ °ü¿l ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ áèπ◊\¢√úø-û√®Ω’ – large, huge ¢√úø®Ω’. ´í¬ È®çúÓC, ´’†’-≠æfl-©†’ í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-úË-ô°æ¤púø’ á°æ¤púø÷ large, huge ¢√úøç. Big ÅØË Åçö«ç – °ü¿l size/ ´ßª’Ææ’†o ¢√∞¡x†’. ´÷´‚-©’-í¬ Â°-ü¿lí¬ Ö†o ņ-ö«-EéÀ big ¢√úøôç correct, large ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. Large ¢√úøéπç formal written English ™ØË áèπ◊\´. Huge Åçõ‰ î√™«, î√™« °ü¿l ÅE. Big, large ņo-°æ¤púø’ °ü¿l ņ’-èπ◊çõ‰, huge Åçõ‰ ¶«í¬ áèπ◊\´ °ü¿l-üÁj† ÅØË Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC. @´¤©’ (´’†’-≠æfl©’/ ïçûª’-´¤©’) °ü¿l-¢Áj-†´Fo big. Å-¢Ë formal English ™ ïçûª’-´¤-™„jûË

The government has backed off Bharat: That's very bad. That the government could even think of it is really shocking.

(ÅC ü∆®Ω’ùç. ÅÆæ©’ v°æ¶µº’ûªyç Ç Nüµ¿çí¬ Ç™-*ç-îª-úø¢Ë’ î√™« Cví¬s¥çA éπL-Tç-îË-Cí¬ ÖçC) Bhavan: Our former classmate Aravind is a member of the ruling party. Shall we ask his opinion of it? Shall I call him?

(´’†

classmate

Å®Ω-Nçü˛ ÅCµ-鬮Ω party Æ涵º’uúË éπü∆? ¢√úÕ ÅGµ-v§ƒßª’ç Åúø’-í∫’-ü∆´÷? phone îËߪ’Ø√?) Bharat: Save yourself the trouble. What can he say? He is only a back bencher in the party, just as he was at school and college. Who cares what he thinks?

(Åçûª v¨¡´’-°æ-úø-éπ\-Í®xü¿’ †’´¤y. ¢√úËç îÁ°æp-í∫-©úø’? ¢√úø’ party ™ v§ƒüµ∆-†u癉-E-¢√úø’. School, college ™ èπÿú≈ °ü¿l ®Ω’-Èéj† Nü∆uJn é¬ü¿’-éπü∆?) Bhavan: The government backed off. That's a big relief. Otherwise the government would have been guilty of a black law.

(v°æ¶µº’ûªyç ¢Á†èπ◊\ ûªT_çC. ÅC °ü¿l Ü®Ωô. ™‰éπ-§ÚûË £æ…E-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† îªö«dEo îËÆœ† üÓ≠œí¬ v°æ¶µº’ûªyç E©-•-úËüË.) black law = v°æï-©èπ◊ î√™« £æ…E-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† îªôdç/ ü¿’®√t-®Ω_°æ¤ îªôdç Bharat: The government had no choice. It had found that it had its back to the wall.

(v°æ¶µº’-û√y-EéÀ ÉçÍéç ´÷®Ω_ç ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·çC. v°æû√u-´÷oߪ’ç àç éπE-°œç-îª-™‰ü¿’.) Bhavan: Its plan to muzzle the media, it realized, would back fire. It thought better of it and cancelled the order.

(O’úÕߪ÷ ØÓ®Ω’-ØÌÍé\ÊÆ ûª† °æü∑¿éπç ´©x ûª†Íé üÁ•sE v°æ¶µº’-û√y-EéÀ ûÁL-≤Ò-*açC. é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç* Öûªh-®Ω’y†’ ®Ωü¿’l-îË-Ææ’-èπ◊çC) muzzle = ØÓ®Ω’-ØÌ-Íé\-ߪ’ôç (´÷ö«x-úø-èπ◊çú≈) muzzle èπ◊ Éûª®Ω Å®√n©’. 1) èπ◊éπ\©’, í∫’v®√-©’™«çöÀ ïçûª’-´¤© ØÓ®Ω÷, ´·èπ◊\ ®Ωçvüµ∆©÷ éπL°œ; 2) èπ◊éπ\©’ ™«çöÀN éπ®Ω-´-èπ◊çú≈, ¢√öÀ-´‚-AéÀ GTçîË cover. Bharat: If it had gone ahead with the order, the people would have turned their back on the ruling party.

(v°æ¶µº’-ûªy¢Ë’ í∫†’éπ Ç Öûªh-®Ω’y†’ Å´’-©’°æ-®Ω-îª-ôç™ ´·çü¿’Èé∞¡Ÿ}çõ‰ v°æï©’ ÅCµ-鬮Ω §ƒKdéÀ N´·-ê’-©ßË’u ¢√∞Ïx)

3) It had found it had its back to the wall. 4) The people would have turned their back on the ruling party. 5) Its plan to muzzle the press, it realized, would back fire. The expressions with 'back' are: 1) back bencher 2) back off 3) found it had its back to the wall

b) The people turned their back on the TDP Government because of its indifference to farmers = TDP

È®jûª’-©-°æôx E®Ωxéπ~uç ´©x éÀ ´uA-Í®-éπ-´’-ߪ÷u®Ω’. 5) back fire = (°æü∑¿éπç ™«çöÀN) ûª©-éÀç-ü¿’-©-´ôç/ A°œp-éÌ-ôdúøç. °æü∑¿éπç ¢ËÆœ† ¢√∞¡xÍé £æ…E éπ©-í∫úøç v°æï©’

a) Pak support of terrorism has back fired with the terrorists attacking Pak targets =

large. (large man/ large woman huge. large family, large numbers Big man, big boy, big smile, big/ large animal

Öví∫-¢√-ü¿’©’ §ƒéÀ-≤ƒh-Ø˛™ ©é~¬u-©†’ üµ¿yçÆæç îËߪ’ôçûÓ, Öví∫-¢√-ü¿’-©èπ◊ §ƒé˙ ´’ü¿lûª’ A°œp-éÌöÀdçC.

4) Turn their back on. 5) back fire

ņç). OöÀéÀ N’ç* Éçé¬ Â°ü¿l-®·ûË Å®·ûË Å°æ¤p-úø-°æ¤púø’

1) Back bencher = (school/ college

™«çöÀ Nü∆u ÆæçÆæn™x) îªü¿’-´¤™ Åçûª ÇÆæ-éÀh-™‰-E-¢√úø’. (¢Á†’éπ benches ™ èπÿ-ØË-¢√®Ω’). ®√ï-éÃ-ߪ÷™x Åçûª v§ƒ´·-êuç-™‰E ≤ƒü∆-Æ‘ü∆ Æ涵º’u©’.

a) Though a back bencher at school he excelled in studies at college = school

Åçö«ç.

v°æ¨¡o: Please let me know the difference between

Åçö«ç.

reminisce, recollect and recount.

Huge crowd, huge amount of money, huge debts, huge success, etc.

- B Apparao, Vizag

™ îªü¿’´¤ °æôx Åçûª ÇÆæéÀh ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, college ™ ´÷vûªç îªü¿’-´¤™  ¶«í¬ ®√ùÀçî√úø’. excel = (àüÁjØ√ ®Ωçí∫ç™/ 鬮√u-éπ-™«-§ƒ™x) ®√ùÀç-îªôç. she excels at music and art = ÆæçU-ûªç™ éπ∞¡™x Ç¢Á’ ®√ùÀ-≤ÚhçC. excel ûª®√yûª in í¬F, at í¬F ´Ææ’hçC. Excel èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*çüË excellent. b) He is a back bencher in the party. Nobody consults him on any matter =

Åûª†’ §ƒKd™ Åçûª v°æ´·-ê’-úø’-é¬úø’. á´®Ω÷ ÅûªEo à N≠æ-ߪ’ç-™†÷ Ææçv°æ-Cç-Ω’. 2) back off = ´uA-Í®-éπ-ûªèπ◊, áü¿’-öÀ-¢√-∞¡xèπ◊ ¶µºßª’-°æúÕ ¢Á†èπ◊\ ûªí∫_ôç/ áü¿’-®Ω’-°æúÕ §Ú®√-úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¶µºßª’°æ-úøôç. a) The government has backed off from the confrontation:

´·ë«-´·" §Ú®√ôç †’ç*/ ´uA-Í®-éπ-ûª†’ áü¿’-®Ó\-™‰éπ, v°æ¶µº’ûªyç ¢Á†-èπ◊\ûª-T_çC. Confrontation = é¬Ø˛-v°∂æç-õ„-ß˝’-≠æØ˛– '鬗, 'ö¸ß˝’— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç. Å®Ωnç = Ææ´’-Ææu-©†’/ ¨¡vûª’-´¤-©†’ áü¿’-®Ó\-´ôç, ´·ë«-´·" §Ú®√-úøôç.

b) I never expected him to back off from the fight =

§Ú®Ω’ †’ç* ¢Á†èπ◊\ ûªí∫’_-û√-úøE

؈-†’-éÓ-™‰ü¿’. 3) Have (some one's) back to the wall =

î√™« éÀx≠d-¢æ Á’i† °æJ-Æœn-A™ ´’†èπ◊ †îªaE E®Ωgߪ’ç ûª°æp-E-Ææ-Jí¬ BÆæ’-éÓ-¢√-Lq† °æJ-ÆœnA/ v°æû√u-´÷oߪ’ç ™‰éπ-§Ú-´ôç. a) When the corruption charges were proved against him, he had his back to the wall and resigned his job =

Åûª-E°j ÅN-FA Ç®Ó-°æ-ù©’ ®Ω’V¢Áj-†-°æ¤úø’, àç v°æû√u-´÷oߪ’ç ™‰éπ ®√@-Ø√´÷ Éî√aúø’.

-O-öÀ -´’-üµ¿u -ûË-ú≈-©

í∫’-J-ç-* -N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’.

Large eyes

ï¢√•’: i) Reminisce = To think, talk or write about the happy or pleasant things of the past.

v°æ¨¡o: I used to I, WE, SHE, THEY, WE, ANY NAME AND ANY RELATIONSHIP in all tenses instead of my friend. But how could I get in simple present tense (present indefinite). Please give me one example in simple present tense.

a) As we entered our college years after we has left it we reminisced about our student days there. b) He reminisced about a pleasant week that he had at the small village. ii) Recollect : Remember something, especially by trying to remember it/ by making an effort to remember it.

- Keerthana Kusuma e-mail.

-ï-¢√-•’: It's only in the present indefinite (simple present) tense that the form of the verb used for the subjects I, We, You and they is different from the form of the verb for he, (my friend, Gopal, My brother) She, (my sister, my classmate, my mother) and it (the book, the pen) etc.

a) Try as he might he was unable to recollect what happened on the day of the accident. b) I recollect everything of what he said on the day of the incident. Recollect is rather old fashioned and formal and not much in use in modern English. It is not used either in am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing form.

¢√úøû√ç.

I We You and They

}

He (my friend) Write

}

She (my sister) Writes It (the pen)

iii) Recount = narrate/ describe an incident/ an experience.

You add '-s' or '-es' to the verb form for he, she and its.

a) She recounted to the police what she had seen at the accident spot (= She told the police)

With not and in questions in the present simple tense, we use do for I, we, you & they, and does for he, she, it, when 'does' is used we don't add 's'/ '-es' to the verb.

b) he recounted in detail his experience of the space travel.

eg: 1) She sings well She does not sing well. 2) He teaches well He does not teach well - M. SURESAN