Kartveluri Memkvidreoba I Genebashvili

qeTevan genebaSvili svanuri xalxuri poeziis nimuSTa inglisurenovani Targmanebi

saanalizod warmovadgenT CaTu guJeJianisa da mikolas palmaitisis naSroms "Upper Svan: Grammar and Texts" (vilniusi, 1986), romelic Sesrulebulia inglisur enaze. masSi gramatikuli mimoxilvis Semdeg mocemulia svanuri teqstebi, rogorc Tanamedrove cocxali metKvelebis, ise xalxuri poeziis nimuSebi. wignSi warmodgenilia ori leqsi _ `naTela~ da `Sdugvi, Sdugvi~. pirveli maTgani Cawerilia laxamuleli (balsqvemoeli) ali daviTianis mier, xolo meore _ lenJereli (balszemoeli) sebi guledanis mier 1939 wels. inglisurenovani Targmanebi, ZiriTadad, Sesrulebulia maGalxarisxovnad, daculia zedmiwevniT Sesabamisoba originalTan, oGond zogierT SemTxvevaSi adgili aqvs garkveul uzustobas: naTela mTargmnels qalad warmoudgenia, rasac adasturebs teqstis inglisur variantSi gamoKenebuli mdedrobiTi sqesis aGmniSvneli nacvalsaxelebi: "Natela reached her hase"; "To-day close behind her it has followed:" "She began shair - reciting: "She kindly entreats it: " "Player - adoration she will do, A person of each home of the village she will invite", "The serpent's neck she hit" (C. guJeJiani, l. palmati, 1986, gv. 144). Cveni azris gansamtkiceblad sailustraciod movitanT zemo svaneTis sofel farSi 1923 wels Cawerili simGeris `naTelad i segzild (svanuri poezia, 1939, gv. 304307). (`naTela da segzildi~) teqsts, sadac orive personaji mamakacia. es rom asea, sruliad naTelia maqsime qaldanis mier 104 wlis nikoloz xorguanisagan sofel ykidanarSi Cawerili masalidan: segz i naTelad mekvhe laxvba lˆmrx (svanuri prozauli teqstebi, 1957, gv.11) _ segzi da naTela ganTqmuli Zmebi Kofilan. rogorc sasimGero, ise prozauli teqsti Cawerilia bals qvemoT, oGond pirvel maTganSi orive sakuTari saxeli kninobiTobis formiTaa warmodgenili (naTeld i segzild), Tumca paralelurad amosavali saxec (naTeli _ naTela, naTeliS _ naTelasi, segziS _ segzis) gvxvdeba. rac Seexeba beCos TemSi fiqsirebul masalas, aq mxolod naTelad gamoiKeneba, meore Zmis saxels ki arasodes axlavs kninobiTobis mawarmoebeli morfema (Sdr.sax.br. segz, mic.br.segzs). igive viTarebaa C. guJeJianisa da m. l. palmaitisis gramatikaze darTul laxamulur teqstSic (Sdr. sax.br. naTel, mic.br.naTels, nanaTesaobiTari viTar.br. naTelSv _ e.i. arsad ar gvxvdeba kninobiTis sufiqsi, ramac, Cveni azriT, gamoiwvia Secdoma, Tumca konteqstis mixedviT gveleSapTan mebrZol vajkacTan gvaqvs saqme). faruli simGeris teqstSi gveleSaps segzi1 eomeba, xolo naTela Sin msxverpls swiravs Tavis naTlias _ qristes. lapˆrwmiCu (`samareSi~) Targmnilia, rogorc "under" the cartridge -case bag" _ `vaznis masris CanTis qveS", rac mTlad zusti ar aris da mkiTxvelSi garkveul gaugebrobas iwvevs. qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonis mixedviT masras ori mniSvneloba aqvs: 1. masrebi Coxis mkerdze sagangebo budeebSi samkaulad CawKobili cilindruli mokle Geroebia. Zvelad aseT Gru GeroebSi TiTo gasrola Tofis wamals da tKviasafants inaxavdnen. 2. daclili vazna. rac Seexeba samasres, igi masrebis CasawKobia, romlis sinonimad qarTuli enis ganmartebiT leqsikonSi dasaxelebulia CanTa. xevsurulsa da TuSur dialeqtebSi es leqsema ixmareba mravlobiTis formiT; samasraeniºJibani, (al. yinyarauli, 1960, gv. 265). aleqsi yinyaraulis ganmartebiT, qilebis CasawKobi wvrili `Jibeebia~, Coxis ubeebze mikerebuli. masraSi CawKobili iKo kajiani Tofis erTi gasrola wamali, xolo Semdeg samasraeni Coxis samkaulad iqca. TuSurSi masra igive Kawimia _ samasreebSi CawKobili Tofis wamlis qilaa (giorgi cocaniZis ganmartebiT), Kawimi ki poli1

Targmaniseuli segzildi unda gaswordes

semanturi sitKvaa da misi erT-erTi mniSvnelobaa Coxis masrebi, movercxlili da vercxlis ZewkvebiT Semkuli (qegl). la-pˆr-wùm-i-Cu Tandebuliani formaa da Tu qarTulTan zust Sesabamisobas davicavdiT, aJobebda, ase gveTargmna: sa-pir-is-waml-e-Si. svanuri -Cu unda TargmniliKo, rogorc -Si (in), magram gvaqvs under _ qveS. gansakuTrebuli KuradGeba miiqcia sxvaTa sitKvis eser da roqv nawilakianma formebma: enaTa umravlesobaSi naTqvamis gadmocema orgvarad xdeba: pirdapiri da iribi formiT. rodesac pirdapir naTqvams sitKva-sitKviTi nawilakebi axlavs, igi Sesabamisi pirebis mixedviT nawildeba. aseTive viTarebaa qarTul enaSic. am mxriv svanuri garkveul Taviseburebas iCens. aq eser da roq[v] nawilakiani sxvisi naTqvamis formebi, ZiriTadad, mesame piris konstruqciebs Seesabameba. xSirad konteqstis mixedviT xdeba pirTa diferenciacia. magaliTad: eJ Txeril roq miC oTdagra _ is mgeli me movkalio (`mas mouklavso~) _ sv. poezia, 274, 22; Cid roq xocxa _ Kvelafers mirCevniao (`urCevniao~) _ iqve , 276, 40... `sxvisi naTqvamis III pirTan dakavSireba ar unda iKos maincdamainc uCveulo ambavi. rogorc Cans, am SemTxvevaSi marto gramatika ar wKvets saqmes. TiTqos raGac fsiqologiuri faqtoric iCens Tavs. SesaZloa, sxvaTa sitKva Tavdapirvelad mxolod III piris naTqvams gulisxmobda, rakiGa sxvebis naTqvamia da, rogorc wesi, viGac sxvas (da ara me an Sen), e.i. III pirs ekuTvnis" (CantlaZe, 1969, gv. 134). rogorc cnobilia, Zvel qarTulSi sxvis naTqvams III piris gamomxatveli -o nawilaki gadmoscemda, iSviaTia -meTqi da -Tqo. mesame piris naTqvamis gadmomcemi -v nawilaki (< -î < -o) ixmareba ingilour, TuSursa da xevsurul kiloebSi. aseve, gurulsa da imerulSi -meTqin nawilakTan erTad I piris naTqvams -Tqva-c gadmoscems. rogorc vxedavT, III piris formebs erTgvari upiratesoba eniyeboda qarTulSic, Tumca KovelTvis naTqvamis Sesabamisi piris formiT iKo warmodgenili. varlam Tofuriasa da TinaTin SaraZeniZis azriT, eser da roqv nawilakebi zmnis pirveli da meore piris formebs ver igueben, mesame pirs moiTxoven, (v. Tofuria, T. SaraZeniZe, Tb., 1946, gv.290.), xolo iza CantlaZis Tvalsazrisis mixedviT, rogorc Zveli svanuri xalxuri simGerebis enaSi, ise Tanamedrove cocxal metKvelebaSi iSviaTad, magram mainc eser da roq[v] nawilakebTan dasturdeba I da II piris konstruqciebi. gansakuTrebiT xSiria roq[v] nawilaki I da II piris naTqvamTa Sesabamis konstruqciebTan, xolo eser Jer kidev sakmaod mKaria svanurisaTvis sruliad bunebriv da, rogorc Cans, ufro Zvel _ mesame piriseul konstruqciaSi (i. CantlaZe, 1969, gv. 136). leqsSi `naTela~ gvxvdeba iseTi eser da roq vž nawilakiani formebi, romlebSic igulisxmeba I da II piris naTqvami, magram konstruqcia mesame piriseulia., xolo qarTul variantSi warmodgenilia is konstruqcia, romelic svanur sxvis naTqvamSi igulisxmeba, rac Seexeba inglisurs, aq mocemulia svanuris pirdapiri Targmani (e. i. samive SemTxvevaSi III piris konstruqciaa), mxolod erTi winadadebaa Targmnili II piris konstruqciiT: `a, xolo eser Ji zural, Kor-laƒvra xoCamdoGv aCvmin! xola muSˆvri eser bac xarx, l di yˆSxji miC roq x GvJa...~ `aba, Se qalo, kar-fanJara kargad mixure! av stumars moveliTo, dGes fexdafex me momdevdao...~ (sv. poezia, gv. 242_243). "Come along, oh woman, The door – windows shut well! They have a bad guest possible, To-day close behind her it has followed". (Upper Svan: Grammar and Texts, gv.144). `mdilSv eser xeƒ¸rl, qa oGv esvqax qorxenqa! limzur _ didbs eser iCo, TviT sofels isg' eser whi~.

`madliT gexvewebio, gamecale saxlidano! locva-didebas gadavixdio, sofelSi komlze TiTo kacs Semovipatijebo~ (sv.poezia, gv.244-245). "She kindly entreats it, It should go away from the house! Prayer - adoration she will do, A person of each home of the village she will invite" (Upper Svan: Grammar and Texts, gv.144) leqsSi `Sdugvi, Sdugvi~ (`Tagvo, Tagvo~) ar aris Setanili Sesabamisad svanuri teqstis 28-31-e striqonebi: `cicvr JemSgvrx m‰? _ dŠsa xoc¸xd. iTq lqvTrT ŠsGr', ŠCqas JeGvyinül ma? _ meGvyinül, mare ji deS miTxi: nmCoS lsgid kvetŒl gar x‰r. qverwils Soma xiCom? _ xaxperi m‹Svisga~. `katebi Tu gestumrebian? _ ver gvagneben. marcvlis mosaparavad rom midixar, maSin Tu mogdevs? _ momdevs, magram ver mpoulobs: siberis gamo mxedveloba cota aqvs. qorwils rodis iqm? _ xaxperas kviraSi~. (ix. sv. poezia, gv.256-257). zogJer svanuri xalxuri leqsis inglisuri Targmani ufro zustia, vidre Sesabamisi qarTuli: Sukvlisga lebild axvia _ `gzaSi mZivi gipovia~, Sdr ”on the road you have found a small bead”. leb-ild kninobiTis formaa, amitomac qarTul TargmanSi unda KofiliKo `patara mZivi" (Sdr. inglisuris a small bead). rogorc vxedavT, svanurSi organuli warmoeba (-ild sufiqsiani) gvaqvs, xolo inglisurSi _ aGweriTi. amrigad, metad saKuradGeboa mikolas palmaitisis inglisurenovani Targmanebi, Tumca, rogorc davinaxeT, Zveli svanuri xalxuri simGerebis teqstis mTargmneliseulma gaazrebam garkveuli komentarebi gamoiwvia. damowmebuli literatura C. g u J e J i a n i , m. l. p a l m a i t i , 1986 _ Ch. Gudjegiani, M. L. Palmaitis, Upper Svan: Grammar and Texts, Vilnus, 1986. v. T o f u r i a , 1967 _ b. Š%C3!, , q"=…“*, L ƒ/*, …=!%ä%" qqqp, Š. V, l%“*"=, 1967. svanuri poezia, 1939 _ svanuri poezia, I, simGerebi Sekribes da qarTulad Targmnes a. SaniZem, v. Tofuriam, m. guJeJianma, Tb., 1939. svanuri prozauli teqstebi, 1957 _ svanuri prozauli teqstebi, II, balsqvemouri kilo, Tb., 1957. T. S a r a Z e n i Z e , 1946 _ T. SaraZeniZe, uarKofiTi nawilakebi svanurSi, ike, I, Tb., 1946. i. C a n t l a Z e , 1969 _ i. CantlaZe, Zveli svanuri xalxuri simGerebis enisa da cocxali metKvelebis SepirispirebiTi analizi (sakandidato disertacia), Tb., 1969. al. y i n y a r a u l i , 1960 _ al. yinyarauli, xevsureTis Taviseburebani, Tb., 1960.

K. Genebashvili The English Translations of the Specimens of Svan Folk Poetry Summary Chato Gudjedjiani`s and Mikolas Palmaitis` book "Upper Svan: Grammar and Texts" (Vilnius, 1986) is a very interesting investigation, that consists of the examples of modern Svan speech and ancient songs. The English version of Svan songs principally accords the original. It has been performed with the best quality, but there are some mistakes in certain cases: e.g. Natela, a famous brave man in Svan folklore, have been represented as a woman in the translation. The third person constructions of indirect speech, which is typical for the Svan language is immutable in English. It must be added that the Diminutive forms is more exact in English, than in Georgian.