Kartveluri Memkvidreoba I Bakuradze, Putkaradze

dareJan bakuraZe, tariel futkaraZe toponimTa klasifikacia motivaciis mixedviT (okribis masalebi) toponimTa kvlevas xangrZlivi istoria aqvs. mkvlevrebi: f. paliacki, f. mikloSiCi, p. skoki, n. podolski, s. rospondi da sxvebi axdenen ra toponimTa klasifikacias, ZiriTadad KuradGebas amaxvileben saxelTa warmoebaze, morfologiur-formobriv mxareze, leqsikur-semantikur xasiaTze da arafers amboben toponimTa motivaciis principze. magaliTad, a. superanskaiam sakvalifikaciod gamoKo sami ZiriTadi principi: 1. leqsikur-semantikuri; 2. morfologiur-sitKvaTwarmoebiTi; 3. binaluri (a. superanskaia, 1964, gv.59). mis naSromSi onomastikuri masalis cxra SesaZlebeli tipia warmodgenili. motivaciis mixedviT klasifikacia mas ar gaukeTebia. besarion JorbenaZis azriT, toponimTa klasifikacia sami principiT SeiZleba moxdes: formobrivi, Sinaarsobrivi da geneturi anu motivaciuri (b. JorbenaZe, 1993, gv.30). geneturi klasifikacia iKenebs formobrivi da Sinaarsobrivi klasifikaciis Sedegebs geografiuli punqtis saxeldebis motivebis dasadgenad. mis naSromSi sakuTriv motivaciis principebiT toponimTa daJgufeba warmodgenili ar aris. b. JorbenaZe asxvavebs saxeldebis or etaps: pirvel periodSi saxeldebis principebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba mxolod varaudebi gvqondes; meore periodSi ki mxolod sagnis raobidan amosvliT xdeba saxeldeba: `ueyveli faqtia, rom meore etapze sagani (ukeT, Cveni warmodgena saganze) uTuod Seapirobebs saxelwodebas~ (b. JorbenaZe, 1993, gv.31). Cveni azriT, saxeldebis pirvel da meore periods Soris Tvisobrivi gansxvaveba ar unda iKos. CvenTvis amosavali debulebaa: aGmniSvneli, enobrivi forma (da ara misi bgeriTi gamoxatuleba) KovelTvis Sepirobebulia aGsaniSnavi obieqtiT, kerZod, misi romelime TvisebiT. miT umetes, toponimebis SemTxvevaSi; rogorc p. cxadaia aGniSnavs, `warmoqmnis momentSi Kvela sakuTari saxeli motivirebulia, e.i. semantikurad gamyvirvalea, saxeldebis mizezi naTelia~ (p. cxadaia, 1994, gv.58). okribis toponimTa klasifikaciis dros arsebiTi mniSvneloba mivaniyeT mocemuli enobrivi koleqtivis STabeydilebas aGsaniSn obieqtis formis, rogorobis, arsis, mdebareobis, agebulebis, gamoKenebis, sxva sagnebTan mimarTeba _ mimsgavsebis, kuTvnilebis ... Sesaxeb. okribis (q. tKibulis zona) ormocdaxuT sofelSi dGeisaTvis moZiebuli gvaqvs 2100 toponimi. Cven maT cal-calke ar ganvixilavT. kvlevis am etapze motivaciis mixedviT gamoiKo toponimTa ramdenime Jgufi. toponimi motivirebulia: 1. reliefis maxasiaTeblebiT: a) pirdapiri asaxva: c q i n t o r i (sof. ZuKnuri) _ amaGlebuli, kldovani adgili; c q i n t o r e b i (sof. leGva) _ maGali adgili, tKe; c q i n t o u l i (sof. zeda yKepi) _ mkveTri aGmarTi, tKe, mTavrdeba kldiT; c q i n T i S i (sof. gurna) _ momaGlo, wvetiani adgili. informatorTa ganmartebiT `cqintori~ erqmeva amaGlebul, wvetian adgils~ Sdr. `cqinti _ wveri~ (skirT.). c q i n T - i S - i : iS naTesaobiTi brunvis niSani zanurSi. k o n c x o u l i (sof. axalsofeli) _ borcvi; k o n c x i (sof. axalsofeli) _ ferdobze Sefenili tKe. k o n C x i konCxis aGmarTi (sof. gurna) _ maGali adgili, saZovari; k o C x i n a (sof. samtredia) _ goraki. informatorTa ganmartebiT `koncxs maGal, kldian adgils etKvian~. Sdr. ` k o n c x i _ kldis an mTis wawvetebuli nawili~. (qegl); `koncxi _ cxviri kldeTa magari da Zalovani~ (saba). k o n C x i `koncxis~ zanuri variantia. k o r t o x i / k o r t o x a (soflebSi: gelaTi, kursebi, qv. yKepi) _ aramkveTrad amaGlebuli adgili. informatorTa ganmartebiT `kortoxi patara borcvia~. Sdr. `kortoxi _ goraki,

beqi, maGlobi~ (qegl). amaGlebul adgilTa sakuTar saxelad dasturdeba agreTve: g o r a , g o r a k i (8)1; mTa/Ta(2); maGlaka (saZovari sof. mowameTaSi). Sdr. `maGlaki~: q. wKaltubos zonis soflis saxels p. cxadaia zanur-enovnad miiCnevs da Sesabamisad, motivaciac sxvanairia: maGlaki _ daklaknili (p. cxadaia, 1990, gv. 93). q e d i (soflebi: bueTi, naboslevi, dabaZveli, lafeTi) _ amaGlebuli da wagrZelebuli adgili. Sdr. `qedi _ wagrZelebuli mTa, seri, mTagrexili~ (qegl); `qedigorTa gardasayvreteli~ (saba); `qedi-Txemi goraTa (n. Cub.). S e k i d e b u l i (soflebi: zeda da qveda yKepi) _ damreci adgili. saZovari; m e k i d a r i (sof. cixia) _ mindori or kldes Soris, amaGlebuli adgili, saZovari; S e f e n e b a / m i f e n e b a (sof. SuKeri) _ informatoris ganmartebiT `dakidebuli adgili~ saZovari. f r i a l o u l a (sof. cixia) _ informatoris ganmartebiT `Cavardnili vake, yalis pirze~. Sdr. `metad cicafa~ (saba). G r a t i (sof. zeda yKepi) _ CaGrmavebuli adgili, Cavardnili vake. saZovari. Sdr. `Grante _ Grma da viwro xevi, xrami (qegl). o G r a f o (sof. cixia) _ informatoris ganmartebiTi `amoGrutnuli adgili~ saZovari. Sdr. `oGro _ amoGrmavebuli adgili, ormo~ (qegl). G r u T i (sof. kursebi) _ infomatoris daxasiaTebiT `CaGrmavebuli adgili, Caxramuli, ferdic aqvs~. Sdr. `GruTi-Gru-sicariele ama Tu im sagnis SigniT, Grma foso, futuro~ (qegl). `Gru-daflatuli adgili da sorovani~ (saba). c i c a f a (soflebi zeda da qveda yKepi) _ qvia Gelesa da mis napirze gaSenebul tKes. dakidebuli adgilia, Zneladfexmosakidebeli. Sdr. `cicabi _ frialo gverdi amarTuli~ (qegl); `Camosasvlels etKvian sruliad Znelsa~ (saba). d u b o (2), d u m b o , d o b - i l - o v a n - i (4). mTqmelTa daxasiaTebiT `Cavardnili, sveli adgilia, ZiriTadad Kana an venaxi, uqaro, mKudro~. Sdr. `dobilo-(kuTx. imer). zogierTi saKane an savenaxe adgilis saxelwodeba... Cavardnili vake adgili, Cveulebriv mdinaris piras~ (qegl). amave tipis toponimebia: g v a l i a (2), g v a l a (3), g v a l m i d o r i (4), gZela/grZela/gZelari(4), vela(5), velieTi, vake(2), vakeebi(2), vakemindori, vakeGele, vakeyala, vaketKe, vake eweri... b) metaforuli asaxva: a k a v a n a (8) _ ZiriTadad gorebs Soris moqceuli CaGrmavebuli adgilia, wKaro, Gele, saZovari... `akavana~ sakmaod gavrcelebuli metaforul _ orografiuli terminia~ (r. ZnelaZe, 1994, gv. 73). u n a g i r a g o r a (soflebi: cucxvaTi, leGva). mTqmelis daxasiaTebiT `ferdebi unagiriviT aqvs gadakidebuli~. Sdr. `unagira mTa _ orad amowverili mTa, qedi, romelic unagirs mogvagonebs~ (qegl). `unagiri _ cxenis Sesadgmeli~ (saba). g a d a T r e u l a (sof. cucxvaTi) _ saZovari. mTqmelis ganmartebiT `kalTebi goris gadaGma aris gadaweuli~. J o r i n a k v a l e v i / J o r i k v a l i (sof. lafeTi) _ mTqmelis daxasiaTebiT `lafeTGeleSi amotexili adgili Joris kvals hgavs~. J o r o u l a (sof. cucxvaTi) _ wKaro. soflis mcxovrebTa dakvirvebiT `wKlis saTaves odnav Tu moumate, gaJiutdeba da... ikargeba~ (mTqmeli v. mesxoraZe). b o x o x a (sof. muxura) _ borcvi. mTqmelis daxasiaTebiT `adgili buxris quds hgavs~. n i S a d u r i (sof. Jvarisa) _ Gele. `ise civia, mogabrunebs~2. w v e r i (sof. cucxvaTi) _ viwro da maGali adgilia. s a w n a x e l a (sof. Jonia). saZovari. `zustad sawnaxeliviTaa amoGrutnuli, iqiT1

(8) _ ricxvi miuTiTebs toponimis raodenobaze okribaSi

2

zog SemTxvevaSi motivacia gaugebaria; Cven vifarglebiT mxolod mTqmelTa daxasiaTebiT; aseT SemTxvevaSi fra-

za bryKalebiTaa warmodgenili.

aqeT gorebia da esaa~. T x i s z u r g i (sof. Zirovani) _ maGlobi. `Txis zurgiviTaa odnav amaGlebuli da mokakuli~. J o J o x e T a (sof. zeda yKepi). saZovari. buCqnari. `gauvali Jagnari da didi aKalo talaxi icoda~. amave tipis toponimebia: qoTana, goba, kovza, xariTava, CxikviTava, katicxvira... aqve unda davasaxeloT _ oul sufiqsiT nawarmoebi ori saxeli: q v a b i l o u l i (soflebSi: zeda yKepsa da cucxvaTSi) wKaro _ q v a b i v i T Cavardnili adgili da r o d i n o u l i (sof. zedubanSi) saZovari _ `rodiniviT viwro da Cavardnili~. 2. aGsaniSni adgilis sivrciTi mimarTebis mixedviT: Z i r o v a n i (komonimi) _ mdebareobs mTa `naqeralas~ ZirSi; z e d u b a n i (komonimi) _ mdebareobs sof. sawires zeviT; z e d a y K e p i (komonimi) _ mdebareobs sofel qveda yKeps zeviT; z e d a b u e T i (komonimi) _ mdebareobs qveda bueTis zeviT; z e n o b a n i (oikonimi), zedorbieTi (oikonimi), qvenobani (oikonimi). amave tipis toponimebia: ( ( ( m T i s - Z i r i kl ti s -Zira, ktis Zirebi, zGudiZiri, cixi s -Ziri, qveSakte, qveSkeTi, ferdibolo(2), velibolo(2), yalibolo(2), Kanibolo, venaxabolo, yuriTavebi, naliebisTavi, kodilaTavi, naTxariTavi, noGisTavi, CiqvisTavi, xidisTavi, ktisTavi, yaliTavi, gverdi/gverda, laSigverdi, veligverdi, cixigverdi, saKdrigverdi, saKdrig(

(

verdebi, zeferda, ze d( vake, xidmaGala, Zusi s piri, laSi s piri, wKaropiri, yalipiri, sacavipiri, kidomisa, qvabikari/qvabikara, wisqvilkari, wisqvilikari(3), ktekari, facxikari, didvake, didmidori(2), didwifela, patara vake, gadaGma wKalwiTela (komonimi), gadmoGma wKalwiTela (komonimi), gadaGma yalebi, gadaGma venaxi, gadaGma Kanebi, gada(

Gma tKe, gadaGma kte, gadaGma ezoebi, gadaGmia, orGele s Sua, wKalTaSua, SuatKe. 3. aGsaniSni adgilis agebulebiT: a) n i a d a g i : q v i S n a r i ( 3 ) , s i p a ( 4 ) _ `sipis qvebis gamo~. e k l a r a (sof. ZuKnuri) _ granitis qvis saxeobaa~; Z e l a k i sof. kursebi) _ `granitis saxeobaa, grZeli, ZeviviT qvebia iq~. x o r x i (sof. dabaZveli) _ `saKane miwaa, xorxiani, qviani, mousavliani~. Sdr. GorGi/GorGnali `GorGi _ damsxvreuli, dalewili qva, erTad daKrili~ (qegl). `qvaT nalewi~ (saba). ` k o x i (qv. yKepi) _ saZovari, saxnavi. `patara, wvrili qvebisagan Sedgeba~. Sdr. `koxi _ sakevre qva, muqi, Komrali ferisa, magari, cecxlgamZle~ (qegl.). ` k o x i _ qva, romelic cecxlSi ar daskdeba~ (saba). k v a r k v a l i t a (sof. qv. yKepi) _ saZovari, Kana. `patara, mrgvali qvebia KanaSi~. k i j i r a u l i (sof. Zirovani) _ saZovari. `kajis qvebia aq~. Sdr. `koji _ maGali, xvinykiani adgili~ (skirT). `koje, koJeqviani borcvi~(gzll), ivaraudeba asimilacia: kojiauli→kijirauli. x r e s i l i (komonimi), x r e s i l a (soflebi: ZuKnuri, kursebi) _ adgili. mTqmelis ganmartebiT `xreSi da sila moaqvs wKals da silavs~. Sdr. `xres _ xrisa, uxresia~. (kuTx. imeruli) dawola-gasmiT naKavs~ (qegl). `xreSi _ msxvili qviSa~ (saba, qegl). e w e r i (7) _ `mwiri, unaKofo miwa, gamofituli, gamorecxili, mciremosavliani~ (qegl). u K i (sof. wKnori) _ saZovari. `gautexavi, daumuSavebeli miwa Kamiri~ (qegl). n o G o (2). orive SemTxvevaSi Kanaa. informatorTa daxasiaTebiT `sveli, datborili adgilia, kargi mosavali icis.~ Sdr. `noGo _ kuTx. imer. mdinaris gaKolebaze arsebuli naKofieri adgili, saleki mdelo~ (qegl). `noGo _ mdinaris ganStoeba, noKo/noKa _ damdgari adgili, yaobi~. (i. KifS. 1994, gv. 494). y e r e x n a l a (sof. oxomira) _ Kana, saTibi. `qvebi gvxvdeba bevri~. Sdr. `yerexi _ riKis qva, riKe~ (qegl). y a n y a x i , y e n y e x i , y e n y e x u a n i , y e n y K o . informatorTa daxasiaTebiT `sveli, dabali adgilebia, mcire yaobiT~. Sdr. `y e n y K o _ Txeli talaxi~ (qegl), `yanyrobi _ kordi wKliani, notio~

(saba). `yanyrobi _ wKliani adgili, mwvaniT da buCqnarebiT dafaruli~ (n. Cub.). yKepi (zeda da qveda komonimebi). Sdr. ` y K e p i _ sveli, yKapiani, mcirewKliani adgili~. (p. cxadaia. 1993. gv.82). ` y o y K o n a _ yaobiani~ (g. eliava. 1977. gv.83). ` y K e y K o n a ~ (p. cxadaia, 1994. gv. 63). l i a (sof. mandikori) _ K a n a , l i e b i (sof. samtredia) _ Kanebi. Sdr. `lia _ lami, saflobi talaxi~ (qegl). `lia _ saflobi talaxi~ (saba), `lami, anu talaxi~ (n. Cub.). okribaSi cocxal metKvelebaSi SemorCenili ar aris, SemorCa toponimiaSi. Sdr. `lia sofelia walenJixis raionSi~ (p. cxadaia. 1993. gv. 89). b) nedleuli: sagiSria/sagiSrea, sakiria/sakirea, sanaxSire, qvasatexi, qvatexili, salesava (2). 4. a G s a n i S n i adgilis funqcia _ daniSnulebiT: saTibi, sayilia, saboloke, bostana... saxelToxo, Toxoula, axo(3), kalo (4)... a. saKane, saTive, saxnava, sakavia, sakafia, saTibi. b . s a y u r i a (3) _ `miwa yurebisTvis gamoiKeneboda~, sakecia(2), sakramite(2), saangure. saurmia: 1. saurme gza; `sameurneo mcenare; urmebi keTdeboda, nasamyedvarebia mand~, samyedlia (2). safinia (sof. zeda yKepi) _ adgili. `Telis xeebi iKo, romelsac finebisTvis iKenebdnen~, s a f i c a r i a , s a K a v r i a , s a x a r d n i a (Sdr. sayigoe). g. sacxenia, saJogia/saJoge,saTxisa, safutkre(3), safutkria, s a t o f a v i (sof. leKereTi) _ Tevzis dasayeri adgili, laGori (sof. sawire) _ wablis tKeebi, Sdr. saGor-i-a (zanuri), okriba _ o-kirib-a _ sabatkne (zanuri). s a b u k i a (sof. gelaTi) mindori tKis gverdiT. Sdr. `buki _ didi mrgvali kunZi, mori, kuTx. gur.imer. igivea, rac ska (gamoTlili morisa, geJa (qegl). ` b u k i s k a ~ (i. KifS. 1994). buki skis mniSvnelobiT okribaSi aGar ixmareba. Cveni varaudiT, s a b u k i a unda niSnavdes iseT adgils, sadac skas awKobdnen. d. sakvirao (5) _ `kvira dGes xalxis Sesakreb adgils erqva~. saTemo (5) _ `Temoba imarTeboda~. e. saxtomela _ `banaobisas saidanac xtebian~. samrecxao (2) _ `sadac manqanebs recxaven~ (axali toponimia). 5. winaviTarebis mixedviT: a. nasaxlari (4), nacixvari(4), naeklesiari(2), nasaxtari, nanaliebi, nasasimidvari, nafostari, nakancelariebi, nakantorali/nakantorebi, naduqnari, nawisqvilari(3), nawisqvileba/nawisqviloba, nabeGlavi, namarni, namyedvari(2), namyedurebi, naboslebi (komonimi), nabosleba, nabaki, nayiSkrebi, nabogirevi, nakarvali, naqalaqari _ da saxlebuli adgili sof. antoriaSi, naJvaroba _ `Jvaroba imarTeboda, Jvari iKo amarTuli~, naJixurevi, Sdr. naJixe/Jix/nacixari (g. eliava, 1977. gv. 12). b. napurali (8), naqerala/naqerali(4), naJiqurali(2), nabambari(2), naisrali(5), nakartofilebi, nakartofilari, nalobiebi, naGomari(4), naTuTunari, napuralebi, nasaTivari, naTivari, nasenavi, naatmebi, navenaxebi(2), navenaxari, natarablebi... g. natbouri(3), narwKluli(2), naKanebi(2), nawvavi(2), naguTni, nabaravi, naxnavebi, nafutkrava, nawkava, nakafi(2), naxelTsaqmebi. 6. aGsaniSni adgilis Tvisebis mixedviT: a) l a S i a (komonimi), laSe(5)/blaSe, laSaKari/laSaKarebi, talaxlaSe, `gogirdovani, samkurnalo Tvisebis, an mariliani wKalia iq~. civwKala(3), sacivi/saciva(4), sacivara, civGele, civwKaro. b) SeiZleba calke gamoiKos is hidronimebi, romelTa saxeldeba dinebis xasiaTma Seapiroba. i d u m a l a (sof. kursebi) _ Gele, idumaleebi (sof. orpiri) _ Gele, mTqmelTa dakvirvebiT `granitis swor qvebze uCumrad moedineba~), G v a G v a n a _ mdinare. (moedineba patara xvamicidan, uerTdeba wKalwiTelas sofel orpirSi) `vake _ qviSnarSi mdored moedineba~. Sdr. `Gvana igivea rac Gona - Gonisa (Zv. da kuTxuri _ qarTl.), kuTxur-imer.saGone-saGonavi-badis qveda kideze Semokecili nawili, romelSic Tevzi ebmeba~ (qegl), `Gvanaobs-Gvana _ Tevzebs iyers~ (qegl); `Gvana-GorJo~ (saba). GvaGvanaSi Tev-

zaoben badiT. aris GorJo saTavesTan. x u i l a (sof. Zirovani) _ xmauriani Gele. a x o K r u a (sof. Zmuisi) _ CanCqeri mdinare lexidaraze. metonimiiT `saZovari~ `xmauris gamo ar ismis araferi~. w i n w k i l a (3), winwkibo `aGarze wkanwkaviT modis wKali~. Sdr. `winwkali _ wvrili wveTi, Sxefi, winwkila (kuTx. imer.) igivea rac winwkari _ wKlis patara nakadis xmauroba, winwkara _ wanwkariT momdinare (qegl). 7. aGsaniSnavia adgilis kuTvnilebis mixedviT: a. yKepelebis yalebi, bakurais wisqvili, daTias Kana, ilikos gubila, domnas gube, besanas saqari, KanTarelis wKaro, ermiles baGi, lolaSenis karieli, maxvilaZeebis tKe, gorelebis xidi, eraZeebis leGvnari, bejias tba, markozias adgili, kikolias Gele, kandelakis laSe, Gentorias Kanebi, Tebromes vaSlebiani, koreeTis saZovrebi, Gvdlis adgili, giorgis Camonayeri, sabias baGi, mindiaSvilebis ubani, muxuris cixe, samonastro miwebi, sauflo Kanebi, saeklesio Kanebi... b. Tamarasouli (tKe), mariamouli (Kanebi), gamTenasouli (Kana), Cimagouli (Kana), Cxikvaisouli (Kanebi), afxazouli (Kana), esikasouli, palikosouli, bekosouli, gvarakiZisouli, ylikaisouli, berisouli(2), devdarauli, ivanouli (komonimi), bakuraisouli, kurdGelasouli, basilaziari, berikoziari, yelisaniziari... g. Kofili kuTvnilebis mixedviT: tanianasaxlava, munJis namosaxli, sevaros nakarmevi, xuciSvilis namosaxli, jorjolais namosaxli, poliaqtoris namosaxli, saTos namosaxli, silovanis namosaxli, arseniZis naKanevi, tofais naKanevi, ermagonas naqarxnevi... 8. xelovnurad (miZGvnis mixedviT): kirovi (komonimi), telmani (dasaxlebuli ubani sof. muxuraSi), mindeli (ubani q. tKibulSi, stalinis ubani, leninis ubani, orJonikiZis ubani, (q. tKibulSi). 9. aGsaniSni obieqtis feriT: wKalwiTela _ mdinare, TeTramiwebi (sof. gadaGma wKalwiTelSi) _ adgili, lurJi miwa (sof. gelaTi) _ adgili, mwvanesouli (sof. kursebi) _ adgili. TeTrouli (sof. kursebi) _ adgili, TeTra (sof. gurna). adgili t a p a S a k i (3), SavwKala, SavGele, SavitKe, Savi tba, SavwKaro, SavTava, mTaSava... okribaSi davafiqsireT gverdigverd: vaTeTra (mindori), vabnela (tKe), vaSava (daburuli tKe); varTeTra→vaTeTra(?), varSava→vaSava(?) 10. aGsaniSnavia obieqtis meteomaxasiaTeblis mixedviT: b z i a u r i (komonimi) samziani, samzeo, bziauli, mzvare/zvare, samziari; ( Cerua (sof. sawire)-tKe, patara Cerua (sof. sawire) _ tKe, C r Tila (sof. gurna) _ tKe-saZovari/CTilebi, C d( ili (sof. wKalwiTela) adgili, Grublisi (sof. muxura) _ adgili, naTovari (sof. leGva) adgili, naTovi (sof. lafeTi) _ baGi, naTovari (sof. kaTxiJi) _ yala, naToari (sof. cucxvaTi) Kanebi, saqaria(2)/saqarea. `sadac qari xvdeba~. 11. aGsaniSni adgilisa da apelativis mimarTebiT: dafnebiani, wablari, muxnari, cacxvebi, eklebiani, wKavnari, muxieTi, rcxilaSia, arKi, kopitebi, KurZnala, KurZnebiani, KurZena, adesebiani, adeseebi, vaznara(2), venaxvani, venaxa(2), atama, atmebiani, atmiani, vaSala(2), vaSlebiani, tKemlebiani, nigvznara, nigvziani, msxlebiani, Txilnara, leGva (komonimi), gumbrali, laqaSvani, cocxnari, qasrana-qasra _ erTgvari basri balaxi, Sdr. Tivaqasra (qegl), qisribi/qisribo, Zigvi (m. qamadaZe, 1992, gv.15), qasrafovani/ qecrefovani (sof. qv. yKepi) _ Cais plantaciebi _ `iKo gauvali Jagebi da mawaqi, myreli balaxi~ _ (informatori r. yiqaberiZe). wKori (komonimi) Sdr. wKanºwKn-eT-i muxaºmuxnariºmuxiani (b. JorbenaZe 1993. gv. 145). amave tipis toponimebia: leGviana, bzarnali, vaSlieTi, Txmelara, Telebi, Txilebiani, wnorisa, sxmartala (sof. qv. yKepis Zveli saxeli), vardigora, vaSligora... saqorafeTo (qorafi-xe), arganaula, Joxnari, Joxiteri... da sxva. b. salaTvia(4), samglia(3), samelia(3), xoJouli (Sdr. xoJ-xari) samaCvia, samaCura, saturia, sagvelia, saTxisa, salekvia, sakurdGlia, gvelisa, maCvisxvrelia... samtredaa (komonimi), bueTi (komonimi), gvrituli, saKanCia, sabueTo, saKornia, sa-

qoria... Sdr. me-4 punqtis `g~ qvepunqti: sacxenia _ sadac cxens abalaxeben; sadaTvia _ sadac daTvebi arian... 12. apelativTa raodenobis mixedviT: cxraJvari (oronimi), cxraTvali (hidronimi), cxramglia (drimonimi), cxraTavi, oTxzari, samrcxila/samcxila, samZvali, samwKali, (v orGele(4), (v orfona, (v orwKuna, ( v orsxali, orGari, xapori _ mTqmelis ganmartebiT `wKaroze wKlis amosaGebad ori xapi iKo~. komonimi `orpiri~ SeiZleba Sevides amave punqtSi. xalxuri etimologiiT: 1. `aq mokles xresilis omidan gamoqceuli moGalate~; `iKo modaveTa daorpirebis adgili~. Cven viziarebT paata cxadaias azrs: ji[r]piJi _ `orpiri~ _ mdinareTa SeerTebis adgili (t.k. 1993, gv.109). Sdr. `orpiri _ ormxrivi, ormagi~ (qegl). (SeniSvna: orpirSi ori mdinare wKalwiTela da GvaGvana uerTdeba erTmaneTs). 13. sakulte nagebobis mixedviT o x o m i r a (komonimi). `wminda adgilia, eklesiis nangrevebi~. Sdr. zanuri `oxvame-eklesia-naoxvamu-nasalocvari-uZvelesi saritualo salocavi adgiliºoxvame kari-eklesiis kari (g. eliava, 1977, gv.76-79). x v a m i c a (mTa _ sof. oxomiris zeviT), `saKdris nangrevebia, salocavad davdivarT~ (mTqmeli m. qaTamaZe). Sdr. xvam-locva). Jvari (adgili), Jvari didi (adgili), Jvari patara (adgili); dedamxvTisa _ salocavis mimdebare teritoria sof. kursebSi; mTavarangelozis kari _ salocavis mimdebare teritoria sof. ZirovanSi; macxovrifexi _ sakulte niSis mimdebare teritoria sof. zeda yKepSi. ( eliawmi n da _ tKe (sof. Jvarisa), mTasaKdari _ ialaGi (sof. Zmuisi); 14. aGsaniSn obieqtTan dakavSirebuli raime SemTxveviT: ` g o g i w v i k i (sof. muxura) _ adgili `gogiCaZes CxubSi motexes wviki~ (mTqmeli m. qaTamaZe); b e r s a T r i e l a (sof. oJola) _ buCqnari; `ori sofeli daobda sazGvarze. gamarJvebuli sadamdec gadaaTrevda CxubSi damarcxebuls, sazGvari iq daideboda. damarcxebuli oJoleli beri moeyida buCqnars, fiCxs... ise, rom adgilidan ver gadaaTries, yidilSi daiGupa, sazGvari SeinarCuna. gamvleli dGesac im adgilze amatebs fiCxs da bers locavs~ (mTqmeli a. CubiniZe). d a n a f i c a r i (sof. cixia) _ wKaro. `orma mosisxlem Serigebis adgilze daifica~ (mTqmeli e. gvetaZe). c x e n i a n a G e b i (sof. mandikori). saZovari _ `cxenma gaanadgura Semosuli Kana~ (mTqmeli a. CxikvaZe). i r m i s a k l a v a (sof. Zirovani) tKe. `aq mokles gadmoxvewili iremi~ (mTqmeli a. gelaZe). b e l a u e (sof. axaldaba) _ saZovari. mewKeris Sedegad Camarxula saxli. carieli akvnis danaxvaze nadirobidan mobrunebul mamas dauwKia saSineli Kvirili ` b e l a u e , b e l a u e ~ (mTqmeli g. kublaSvili). xSir SemTxvevaSi motivacia gaurkvevelia: m e r i a , m e r i i s w v e r i (sof. bueTi) _ saZovari. vake adgili Sefenebis Tavze. Sdr. `mere _ mindori, fori~ _ (saba), `mere-uxnav-uTesi miwa~ (n. Cub.). `mere _ wKlis napirze mdebare vake adgili~ (iv. JavaxiSvili). `Kovel vake adgils mere ar ewodeba, aramed mxolod wKlis napirze mdebares~ (iv. JavaxiSvili. qegl. t.V. gv. 187). dasturdeba ayaraSi da samcxeSi. Sdr. mereºmeriaºmeriebi/merei (m. beriZe. 1992. gv.71). Sdr. mere-a (b. JorbenaZe, onomastikuri gulani. 1993. gv. 67). sitKva okribaSi aGar ixmareba. motivi daviwKebulia. k a b e t e b i (sof. mowameTa) _ saZovari. Sdr. `kabeti _ uKi~, daumuSavebeli miwa, kordis miwa~ (qegl). `kabeti _ Kamiri~ (g. eliava. 1977. gv. 107). o k r a b u a (sof. zeda yKepi) _ saZovari `mravalnairi qvebia aq~, (mTqmeli ip. merkvilaZe). Sdr. okrabuaºokebure _ sakerio, keriis qvebi (i. KifS. 1994. gv. 453). m u x u r a (komonimi), okribis udidesi sofeli, ukidures aGmosavleTSi mdebare.

`muxis tKeebis gamo daerqmeoda~, (mTqmeli d. abesaZe). Sdr. muxura-mux-mxare-muxuri (b. kuftmani. t.k. 1993. gv. 101). o J o l a (komonimi) _ o-Jol-a Jol-xaris saTrevela (zan.). zemoT warmodgenil klasifikaciaSi ver moxvdnen is toponimebi, romelTa motivacia JerJerobiT ar Cans: tuqsa, noxta, konoqro, oJesta, obinela, Jvaba, JogoreTi, aporeTi, lofaroSi, sxunaTi, omoleTi, buKamuri, yaxaTa, SamaxeTa/ SemaxeTa, wudila, Jonia, lafeTi, SuKeri, kiTxiJi, xorCana, Zmuisi, antoria, leKereTi, SviJina, maykana, orjamua, Cxoki, Jana, ura, boboTuri, bagineTi, somKveTi, Junisi, robena da mravali sxva. warmodgenili klasifikacia garkveulwilad pirobiTia. SeiZleba axali Jgufebi daematos an piriqiT: moxdes gamsxvileba. SeiZleba daematos punqti: toponimi motivirebulia fardobiTi qronologiis mixedviT: axaldaba, axalsofeli, axalSeni, dabaZveli... saxeldebis motivebis Ziebis dros Cveni dakvirvebebi SevaJereT rogorc xalxur gadmocemebs, aseve leqsikur-etimologiuri Ziebis Sedegebs. sxvadasxva regionis toponimTa motivaciuri (geneturi) klasifikaciis SepirispirebiT saintereso dasvnebs miviGebT eTnosTa, TemTa enobrivi msoflxatis Tvaiseburebebis, kontaqtebis, (substratisa da superstratis), sociolingvistikis, fsiqologiis, istoriis da sxva TvalsazrisiT. damowmebuli literatura: m . b e r i Z e , 1992 _ m. beriZe, JavaxeTi, toponimikuri analizi, Tb., 1992 g . e l i a v a , 1977 _ g. eliava, abaSisa da gegeykoris raionebis toponimika, Tb., 1977. m . q a m a d a Z e , 1992 _ m. qamadaZe, ayaruli dialeqtis dargobrivi leqsika, t. VIII Tb., 1992. a . s u p e r a n s k a i a , 1964 _ a. superanskaia, Š,C/ , “2!3*23!= ãå%ã!=-,÷å“*,. …=ƒ"=…, L, l, 1964. i . K i f S i Z e , 1994 _ i. KifSiZe, rCeuli Txzulebani, Tb., 1994. p . c x a d a i a , 1990 _ p. cxadaia, maGlaki da yiSura toponimTa warmomavlobisaTvis, etimologiuri Ziebani, Tb., 1990. p . c x a d a i a , 1993 _ p. cxadaia, megruli hidrografiuli terminologia da misi roli zemo samegrelos hidronimTa warmoqmnaSi, toponimikuri krebuli, Tb., 1993. p . c x a d a i a , 1994 _ p. cxadaia, metonimia da misi roli hidronimTa warmoqmnaSi, onomastikuri krebuli, Tb., 1994. r . Z n e l a Z e , 1994 _ r. ZnelaZe, guriis toponika, sadisertacio macne, Tb., 1994. b . J o r b e n a Z e , 1993 _ b. JorbenaZe, onomastikuri gulani, Tb., 1993. SemoklebaTa sia: gzll _ guruli, zemoimeruli da leCxumuri leqsikonebi (g. SaraSiZe, g. wereTeli, m. alaviZe, v. beriZis redaqciiT, Tb., 1938.) saba _ sulxan-saba orbeliani, sitKvis kona, Tb., 1966. tk _ toponimikuri krebuli, Tb., 1993. skirT _ v. beriZe, sitKvis kona imerul da rayul TqmaTa, Tb. 1986. qegl _ qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni, I-VIII tomi, Tb., 1950-1964 ww. n. Cub _ niko CubinaSvili, qarTuli leqsikoni, Tb., 1961.

D. Bakuradze, T. Putkaradze The Classification of Place Names According to Their Motivation (Okriba Materials) Summary The work represents the classification of place names according to their motivation; the analysis of Okriba materials has revealed that the name of the place to be denoted might be motivated according to: a relief feature (direct reflection, metaphorical reflection), the spatial relation of the place to be denoted, shape (soil, raw materials), function, property, colour, meteorological feature, the relation of the place to be denoted and an appelative, the quantity of appelatives, a cult construction, some case connected with the place to be denoted, etc. By means of comparing the motivational classifications of the place names of various regions interesting conclusions will be received from the standpoint of characteristic features of the linguistic worldview of ethnic groups, communities; contacts (substratum and superstratum); sociolinguistics; psychology; history, etc.