Islam In The Age Of Umayyah (40-132 Sma 1

Islam in the age of Umayyah (40-132 H/ 662-754 M

There are three periods of Bany Umayyah; Beginning period Growth or victorious period Decline period

Beginning period 

In this period is indicated by efforts of mu’awiyah in placing government foundation and powerful orientation; assassination toward Husein bin Ali, Madinah city looting, attack of Mecca city in the age of Yazid I, and conflict of Arabic ethnics in the age of Muawiyah II

Growth or victorious period Here are some excellences of Bani Umayah’s caliphs  Abdul Malik bin Marwan (65-86H/685-705) was able keep Bani Umayah, and was able to finish internal problem of state by managing perfect state structure. He was also a great administrator, expert of state. He therefore gave big attention toward development people prosperousness among other; 1. Building court of law to judge deviate officers 2. Determining Arabic language as formal language of state administration changing language of Romawi and Persia 3. Changing money changer of Romawi and Persia becoming Dirham System 4. Building textile factory 5. Building ministry of tax and finance, state administration, communication, agriculture

Walid bin Abdul Malik (86-96 H/ 705-715 

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Subjugating some kingdoms of Asia until Bukhoro and Samarqand building diplomatic relation and commerce with china

Umar bin Abdul Aziz 99-101 H/ 718-720 M 

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Developing democratic system by nominating professional, honest, just officers. Specializing Islamicity and dakwah in subjugated area that their Islamicity become much stronger Decreasing people tax and freeing tax toward people who just embrace Islam Collaborating with people organization. Strengthening Islamic unity Collecting muhadist to compose kinds of hadist and separate from dhaif hadist

Hisyam bin Abdul Malik (105-125 H/ 724-734 M

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Building irrigation Building pipe of water that flowed to holy city of Mecca Building industry of silk yarn spinning Building factory of ammunition and holding military cloths Building place of horse livestock and ring of horse spurring

Decline period 

the victory of Bany Umayah ended in the age of Umar bin Abdul Aziz II. He was educated, obedient and also pioneer of spreading Islam. Historian says that he was the same as orthodox government i.e. Abu Bakar, and Umar Bin Khatab yet he only governed for 2 years and 5 months. After his death the caliph became week and finally was shattered. It was caused by sacrificing general need and specializing personal need, struggle of power, conflict among leaders or governor