Full Report Edited 2.0.docx

EWC 661: ENGLISH FOR REPORT WRITING Lecturer: Madam Raihan binti Musa Awareness of elder abuse among the society in Selangor.

1. Azizul Hakim Bin Sabri

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2. Mohammad Fikri Bin Husaili

2017466178

3. Muhammad Haziq Haikal Bin Tamizi

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4. Nur Mohammad Shahrul Ikram Bin Mohd Nor

2017466164

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to all those who gave and help us in completing this report. A special thanks to our English language lecturer, Madam Raihan, whose help, encouraging and provide us suggestions, helped us to coordinate our project. We would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of our project which are our family and friends whose provide us with the idea and information about this issue. Besides, not to forget Selangor’s society and community who willingly to cooperate and spend time with us to collect data for our group project and which contribute a lot in our research. Last but not least, many thanks to all the classmates whose encouraging and gave us moral support to maintain the progress of the project.

Content 1

Introduction

1

2

Problem Statement

2

3

Objectives of Study

3

4

Significance of Study

3

5

Scope of Study

3

Research Methodology

4

6

Previous Study

4

7

Findings

6

Raw Data

6

Data Classification

6

demographic section

9

7.2.1

Respondents’ Gender

9

7.2.2

Respondents’ age

10

7.2.3

Respondents’ Living

11

7.2.4

Respondents’ Marital Status

12

RESPONDENTS’ RESPONSE SECTION

13

7.3.1

Respondents’ (Yes or No) Response

13

7.3.2

Respondents’ Multiple Choice Response

19

7.3.3

Respondents’ Ranking Response

25

7.3.4

Respondents’ Scaling Response

52

7.3.5

Respondents’ Response For Open-Ended Questions

57

Conclusion

76

8.1

Gender

76

8.2

Age

76

8.3

Living

76

8.4

Marital Status

76

8.5

Term Of “Elder Abuse”

76

8.6

Elder Abuse in Selangor

77

8.7

Sharing About Elder Abuse to Family or Friends

77

8.8

Elder Abuse Considered As Crime

77

5.1

7.1 7.1.1 7.2

7.3

8

8.9

Elder Always Give Burden

77

8.10

Elder Abuser Should Be Punish

77

8.11

Persons Who Counted As Elders

77

8.12

Persons Who Need To Take Care About Elder’s Welfare

77

8.13

Factors of Elder Abuse Always Under-Reported

78

8.14

Types of Abuse An Elder Might Experience

78

8.15

Example of Financial Abuse

78

8.16

Persons Who Responsible for The Abuse

78

8.17

Why do you think that elders always experience any form of abuse by the

79

others? 8.18

Rank these characteristics that elder abuse victim might have

79

8.19

What are the age range of the elder that is commonly being abused?

79

8.20

Rank these punishments that is the most suitable for elder abuser

80

8.21

Rank those who need to take care about elders’ welfare

80

8.22

Most of the abuser are males

81

8.23

Most children change attitude after they have married

81

8.24

Most of the abusers are their own children

81

8.25

Abuse Not Only Physical But Emotional, Neglect and Financial Also

81

Abuse 8.26

Most Of The Citizens Saw Elder Being Abused in Public Will Considered

81

That is Family Matter 8.27

Send Elder To Welfare House

82

8.28

things to do when see the abuse happen in public

82

8.29

The Best Way To Overcome Elder Abuse Problem is by Conducting

82

Awareness Campaign, Talk and Education 8.30

Comment / opinion/ suggestion on the topic.

83

Recommendation

84

9.1

Try to understand elder and one day we also will be elder

84

9.2

Create a community that concern and support elder

84

9.3

Government need to aware people about elder abuse

84

9.4

Citizen should report elder abuse to authorities

84

9.5

Government should play its role

84

9.6

Don’t let your mind to block your intention to help others

84

9

9.7

Neighbourhood should play their role

85

9.8

Do not afraid to report to authorities

85

9.9

More program need to be proposed

85

9.10

Caregiver should be one who can take care elder properly

85

10

References

86

11

Questionnaire

87

1

INTRODUCTION People in this world are living with many types different from each other such as

culture, religion, age and many more. Age is one of significant different that can be observed among ourselves by looking from their physical appearance. Basically, there are two categories that can be observed which youngster and elder people. Elder is defined to who ages above 60 years old and for a youngster is vice versa. Typically, youngster needs to respect the elder person who is more experience than them but there is a case where youngster makes abuse instead of respect to the elder person. There are many types of abuse that have exposed and defined through media such as animal abuse, sexual abuse, children abuse and many more but for ‘elder abuse’ does not have a specific definition that been categorised as one of significant abuse in Malaysia. Elder abuse is one of the issue that not been exposed to the public because the lack of report and data regarding to this issue. One of factor that this elder abuse increasing is because the public not discussed widely. Basically, public assume that elder abuse is one of the family matter that other person cannot interrupt. People nowadays does not aware of elder abuse case because this problem usually happened in silently manner where other people does not realize it. The attitude of other people were not accept this elder abuse as one of the domestic violence also one of the reason this case is not been aware by the public. However, the lack of awareness among elder people that does not know about group that can help them from this case also one of the reason why this case is remain unexposed. Elder abuse can be occurring through a few ways such as financial, physical, psychological and neglect. Usually, this abuse happened to the family where the parent is the victims or elder such as grandmother or grandfather who cannot be independent because of their physical disability which need help from the youngster in almost doing everything where the youngster will feel stress because disturbing their free time and they will have abused the elder without being noticed because of their anger that they cannot think wisely. Unfortunately, this abuse can cause death to the victim and yet there are few reports regarding to death as the prove this abuse is domestic abuse. It has been reported that financial abuse has the highest amount of report followed by psychological, neglect and lastly physical abuse.

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The elder will move and live at welfare house that have been provided at certain area such as Selangor where this 95 welfare that have been registered either it is government or nongovernment because they want to live without any stress from being abuse by the youngster such as their family members or children’s families. One of the elder that been emotional abused by their children explained why he move to the welfare house said, “Sometimes we fight among ourselves frequently until I feel tension and feel that I have been abandoned by my own children.” The public have accepted that elder abuse is not one of a significant abuse in our society. These are some of the baby steps to prevent elder abuse case increased. Public should not neglect the presence of elder abuse as one of the main abuse in Malaysia that should been avoid such as elder should actively report if they been abuse by the youngster and this case should always be exposed by the local academician or social activists.

2

PROBLEM STATEMENT Elder abuse which can be described as the mistreatment of older persons in both home

and institutional settings (National Center on Elder Abuse, NCEA, www.nccafv.org) such as parents and teachers. This violence in Malaysia usually remained as family issues rather than public issues which is a subject that many do not want to talk about. Todays, people do not look this problem as a serious matter so in order to get their attention, awareness is a must. Elder abuse should not be handled alone, we should look upon and handle together as a community because World Health Organization (WHO, 2012) said that elderly abuse violates human’s right. In 2013, only 23 cases of elder abuse were reported according to Women, Family, Community Development ministry but some study has revealed that the problem is much more widespread. From these facts, we can see that elder abuse has not been a significant problem in Malaysia. This may due to the lack of awareness in our community and not many researchers take this problem as their case study in Malaysia.

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3

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness of the society about elder abuse. This study suggests several research objectives to be attained as follows: a)

To identify the factors and the causes of elder abuse.

b)

To investigate the awareness of the society about elder abuse.

c)

To identify what are the roles of the society in preventing the elder abuse.

d)

To recommend ways to overcome this problem.

4

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

From the findings, this study will bring much more benefits to the elders and also community in several ways. First and foremost, this study will evaluate the perceptions of community on elder abuse and identify how the community apprehend about the factors of the abuse. Besides, people in the society or community also will become proactive and more aware with this issue as the exposure of this issue towards them have been improved in order to defend the life of the elderly. Through research and education, the awareness among community can be raised. It also will bring more courage for people to report this problem instead of keeping it hidden under-reported. 5

SCOPE OF STUDY

The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness of the society about elder abuse. This study suggests several research objectives to be attained as follows: a)

To identify the factors and the causes of elder abuse.

b)

To investigate the awareness of the society about elder abuse.

c)

To identify what are the roles of the society in preventing the elder abuse.

d)

To recommend ways to overcome this problem.

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5.1

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This is a study will be conducted small well diverse community at Selangor. There will be several methods that are used to analyze the outcome objective of the study. The sampling of study method is stratified random sampling and the subjects of this study will be at least 25 married adults, 15 unmarried adults and 10 elders. One of the method is questionnaire that consists of 30 questions and it will be conducted in English language. The questionnaire uses both open-ended and closed-ended questions in total of 30 questions. For closed-ended question, it consists of 5 different type such as Yes/No, 5-point likert-type scales with choices ranging from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree”, multiple choice question type, ranking type and category type. The outcome from the questionnaire can determine the level of awareness and general knowledge of the Selangor community towards elder abuse. 6

PREVIOUS STUDY Most of people will take a serious matter when it comes to abuse. But, some of them

still ignoring regarding their abusive behaviour towards the elder. Western researchers usually called elder abuse, elder mistreatment and elder neglect to refer to the abusive behaviour of people towards the elderly people (Harbison J, 2012). It is defined as a single or repeated act, or lack of appropriate action, occurring within any relationship where there is an expectation of trust which causes harm or distress to an elder person. This includes detriment to older adults by people they know or with whom they have a relationship, such as spouse, partner or other family member, friend or neighbour, or those on whom they rely for services (Action on Elder Abuse Bulletin 1995 May/June). According to The Star (March 2016), Elder abuse is a growing problem in Malaysia’s fast-ageing society but it is a crime that is grossly under-reported. Just like domestic violence, most view it as a “family matter” that is best dealt within the family. In the past 3 years, there are only 23 cases were reported according to the Women, Family and Community Development ministry. Survey also been made by University Malaya researchers to the poor communities in Kuala Lumpur. They found that 1 in 10 individuals over the age of 60 years old have experienced 1 or more forms of abuse in the last 12 months. Another survey in a rural community in Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan showed a slightly lower figure: one in 20 elderly individuals reported abuse by caregivers or families.

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Elder abuse also can be divide into two categories which are abuse and neglect. Abuse can be categorized into physical, psychological, emotional and financial exploitation while neglects means the reluctance or failure to out the obligations of care (Wolf R, 2004). Research findings in economically developed regions and circumstantial evidence suggest that elder mistreatment is a much more universal phenomenon than what is generally perceived by society. Elder mistreatment prevalence estimates documented by recent studies varied from as low as 1.1% to as high as 44.6% (Sooryanarayana R, Choo WY & Hairi NN, 2013) while Cooper and colleagues in an earlier review found that older population studies generated a prevalence estimate of between 3.2% and 27.5%. Dependent or vulnerable older people are at higher risk of abuse with nearly a quarter of them reporting psychological abuse and a fifth reporting neglect (Cooper C, Selwood A & Livingston G, 2008) Early studies of elder mistreatment from Western countries indicated an association between abuse and gender, socioeconomic status and ethnicity. For instance, older women were more likely to experience abuse, but this differed according to the type of abuse (Biggs S, Manthorpe J & Tinker A, 2009). Older adults with cognitive and functional impairment, dementia, disabilities and other chronic health problems are particularly at risk of abuse due to increased dependence on caregivers (Hansberry MR, Chen E & Gorbien MJ, 2005). American Psychological Association have divided elder abuse into five types, which are physical abuse, psychological or emotional abuse, financial abuse or exploitation, sexual abuse and caregiver neglect (American Psychological Association, 2012). Based on study conducted by University Malaya’s students, they distributed questionnaire evenly through all 49 medical doctors and 99 nurses. The questionnaire was about all the elder patients that they treat. There are about 26% of the participants (7 doctors and 34 nurses) stated that they had encountered probable cases of elder abuse over the past 12 months. Most cases were suspected by health nurses. Neglect and emotional abuse were reported as the two most common forms of elder abuse cases suspected, either alone or in combination with other forms. Financial abuse was suspected by five health care professionals. (Ahmed A, Choo W-Y, Othman S, Hairi N N, Hairi F M, Mydin F H M, and Jaafar S N I, 2016).

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7 7.1

FINDINGS RAW DATA

7.1.1 DATA CLASSIFICATION: TABLE 1 Respondents’ Personal Information with Classification

1. Gender: Male

Female

1

2

2. Age: Under 30

31-40

41-50

51-60

Over 61

1

2

3

4

5

3. Living: Family in Own family

Law

Caretaker

others

1

2

3

4

4. Marital status: Married

Divorced

Single

Prefer not to say

1

2

3

4

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TABLE 2 The Respondents Classification on Personal Information Respondent

Gender

Age

Living with

Marital Status

R1

2

1

1

4

R2

2

1

1

3

R3

1

3

1

1

R4

2

1

1

4

R5

1

1

1

3

R6

2

1

1

3

R7

2

3

1

1

R8

1

2

2

1

R9

2

3

1

1

R10

1

1

2

1

R11

2

1

1

1

R12

2

1

4

3

R13

2

1

1

3

R14

1

1

1

1

R15

2

1

1

4

R16

1

1

1

3

R17

2

1

1

1

R18

1

5

1

1

R19

2

1

1

3

R20

1

1

1

3

R21

1

4

1

1

R22

2

2

1

1

R23

1

2

1

1

R24

1

4

1

1

R25

1

2

1

4

R26

2

2

1

1

R27

2

2

1

1

R28

2

1

1

4

R29

2

2

1

1

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R30

1

2

4

4

R31

2

1

1

3

R32

1

1

1

4

R33

1

3

1

1

R34

2

3

1

1

R35

1

4

1

1

R36

2

1

1

4

R37

2

4

1

1

R38

2

3

1

1

R39

2

1

1

1

R40

2

1

1

3

R41

2

1

1

3

R42

2

1

1

3

R43

2

1

1

3

R44

2

1

1

4

R45

1

1

1

3

R46

1

1

2

1

R47

1

3

1

1

R48

1

2

1

1

R49

1

1

1

3

R50

2

1

1

3

R51

1

1

1

3

R52

1

1

1

3

R53

2

1

1

1

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7.2

DEMOGRAPHIC SECTION

7.2.1 RESPONDENTS’ GENDER TABLE 3 Percentage of Respondents' Gender Gender

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Male

30

56.6

Female

23

43.4

53

100

Total Frequency

FIGURE 1 Percentage of Respondents’ Gender The figure 1 shows that 57% respondent are male while 43% are female.

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7.2.2 RESPONDENTS’ AGE TABLE 4 Percentage of Respondents' Age Age

Frequency Percentage (%)

Under 30

32

60.4

31-40

9

17.0

41-50

7

13.2

51-60

4

7.5

Over 61

1

1.9

Total

53

100

FIGURE 2 Percentage of Respondents’ Age From the figure 2 above shows that 2% respondents are aged over 61 years old followed by who aged 31-40 years old with 17% and 13% who’s are aged from 41-50 years old. The respondent who are aged below 30 years old with 60% followed by respondent who aged from 51-60 years old with 8%.

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7.2.3

RESPONDENTS ’ LIVING TABLE 5 Percentage of Respondent Living Living

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Own Family

48

90.6

Family in Law

3

5.7

Caretaker

0

0.0

Others

2

3.8

Total

53

100

FIGURE 3 Percentage of Respondents’ Living From the figure 3 above, the respondent living with their own family with 90%. Then followed by who living with their family in law with 6% and respondent who live with others such as friends with 4%. None of respondent live with caretaker.

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7.2.4 RESPONDENTS’ MARITAL S TATUS TABLE 6. Percentage of Respondent Marital Status Marital Status Frequency Percentage (%) Married

26

49.1

Divorced

0

0.0

Single

18

34.0

9

17.0

53

100

Prefer not to say Total

FIGURE 4 Percentage of Respondents’ Marital Status From the figure 4 above, 49% of the respondent are married. Then followed with single respondent with 34%. The respondents’ marital status who ticked prefer not to say their status with 17% and none of the respondent are divorced.

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7.3

RESPONDENTS’ RESPONSE SECTION

7.3.1 RESPONDENTS’ (YES OR NO) RESPONSE

5. Have you ever heard the term "elder abuse"? TABLE 7 Percentage of Elder Abuse Term Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Yes

40

75.5

No

13

24.5

Total Frequency 53

100

FIGURE 5 Percentage of “Elder Abuse” Term Figure 5 above shows that for question 1, 75% of respondents answer yes that say they know about elder abuse. The other 25% is for the people who say no.

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6. Do you think elders abuse occur in Selangor? TABLE 8 Percentage of Elder Abuse Occur in Selangor. Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Yes

41

77.4

No

12

22.6

Total Frequency

53

100

FIGURE 6 Percentage of Elder Abuse Occur in Selangor Figure 6 shows that for question 2, which 77% of the respondent have thought that elder abuse is occurring in Selangor that agreed with it. The other 23% respondent say no.

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7. Do you share about elder abuse with your family or friends? TABLE 9 Percentage of Share About Elder to Family or Friends Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Yes

31

58.5

No

8

15.1

Not Applicable

14

26.4

Total Frequency 53

100

FIGURE 7 Percentage of Share About Elder to Family or Friends Figure 7 shows that for question 3, 59% of the respondent agreed to share the about "elder abuse" with their family or friends. The remaining 15% respondent are say no to share and 26% are not applicable with this type of case.

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8. Do you think "elder abuse" can be considered as a crime, same as “child abuse”? TABLE 10 Percentage of Elder Abuse can be Considered as Crime Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Yes

48

90.6

No

5

9.4

Total Frequency

53

100

FIGURE 8 Percentage of “Elder Abuse” Considered Crime Figure 8 shows that for question 4, 91% of the respondent say yes that elder abuse is one of crime such as child abuse. The other 9% respondent say no.

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9. If you staying with elders, do elders always give burden to you? TABLE 11 Percentage of Elder Abuse Give Burden to You Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Yes

6

11.3

No

37

69.8

Not Applicable

10

18.9

Total Frequency

53

100

FIGURE 9 Percentage of Elder Abuse Give Burden to You Figure 9 shows that for question 5, respondent say that elder are not giving burden to them with 70% that agreed with it. The other 19% say that they are not living with their elder, hence they do not know either it burdens or not. Then followed with 11% respondent said that elder giving burden to them.

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10. Should elder abuser be punished?

TABLE 12 Percentage of Should Elder Abuser be Punish Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Yes

50

94.3

No

3

5.7

Total Frequency

53

100

FIGURE 10 Percentage of Should Elder Abuser be Punish Figure 10 shows that for question 6, 94% of the respondent are agreed to punishment to the abuser. The other remaining 6% respondent said no.

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7.3.2 RESPONDENTS’ MULTIPLE CHOICE RESPONSE

11. For you, what counted as elders? TABLE 13 Persons Who Counted as Elders Percentage

Aspects Frequency

(%)

Persons who are older than you

34

30

Persons who are disabled

8

7

Persons whose age over 65 years old only

28

24

Persons who are physically old

29

25

Person who are old and married person

15

13

Others

1

1

Total

115

Persons who are older than you Persons who are disabled Persons whose age over 65 years old only Persons who are physically old

Person who are old and married person Others

FIGURE 11 Percentage Of Person Who Counted as Elders

Table 13 and Figure 11 shows the percentage of person who counted as elders. Persons who are older than you hold 30%, followed by the persons who are physically old, 25%. Then, person whose age over 65 years old only holds 24%, person who are old and married person holds 13% and persons who are disabled are at 7%. Finally, the others hold at 1% only.

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12. Who need to take about elders' welfare? TABLE 14 Persons Who Need to Take About Elder's Welfare Aspects

Frequency

Percentage(%)

Welfare house

25

18

Themselves

15

11

Their children

45

32

Community

27

19

Government

25

18

Others

2

1

Total

139

Welfare house Themselves Their children Community Government Others

FIGURE 12 Percentage of Persons Who Need to Take About Elder's Welfare

Figure 12 shows the percentage of persons who need to take about elder’s welfare. Their own children have 32%. The other aspects have near percentages among each other which are community, welfare house, government, themselves and others hold 19%, 18%, 18%, 11% and 1% respectively.

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13. Why does ''elder abuse'' always under-reported? TABLE 15 Reasons Elder Abuse Always Under-Reported Aspects

Frequency

Percentage(%)

cases)

31

24

Afraid to report to authorities

25

19

Embarrassment

19

15

Considered as 'family matters'

42

33

Others

12

9

Total

129

Considered as 'small thing' (non serious

Considered as 'small thing' (non serious cases) Afraid to report to authorities Embarrassment Considered as 'family matters' Others

FIGURE 13 Percentage of Reasons Elder Abuse Always Under-Reported

Figure 13 gives information about the percentage of reasons elder abuse always underreported. Considered as ‘family matters’ holds 33% and followed by considered as ‘small thing’ which is 24%. The percentage of afraid to report to authorities, embarassment and others are 19%, 15% and 9% respectively.

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14. Which kind of abuse an elder might experience? TABLE 16 Kind of Abuse an Elder Might Experience Aspects

Frequency

Percentage(%)

Physical abuse

42

28

Financial abuse

33

22

Emotional abuse

38

25

Sexual abuse

11

7

Neglect

25

17

Others

1

1

Total

150

Physical abuse Financial abuse Emotional abuse Sexual abuse Neglect Others

FIGURE 14 Percentage of Kind of Abuse an Elder Might Experience

Figure 14 shows the percentage of kind of abuse an elder might experience. Physical abuse has the percentage of 28%. Followed by emotional and financial abuse which hold 25% and 22%. Neglect, sexual abuse and others holds 17%, 7% and 1%.

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15. What are examples of financial abuse to you? TABLE 17 Examples of Financial Abuse Aspects

Frequency

Percentage(%)

44

42

knowledge

25

24

Misusing power of attorney

31

30

Others

5

5

Total

105

Pressuring or forcing to give money Using

credit

card

without

their

Pressuring or forcing to give money Using credit card without their knowledge Misusing power of attorney

Others

FIGURE 15 Percentage of Examples of Financial Abuse

Figure 15 above shows the percentage on examples of financial abuse. Pressuring or forcing to give money has the percentage of 42%, then followed by misusing power of attorney which holds 30%. Lastly, percentage of using credit card without their knowledge and others are 24% and 5%.

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16. Who do you picture as the person or person who responsible for the abuse? TABLE 18 Person Who Responsible for The Abuse Aspects

Frequency

Percentage(%)

Spouse

35

28

Friends

20

16

Paid caregiver

23

19

Stranger

19

15

Neighbors

17

14

Someone else

10

8

Total

124

Spouse Friends Paid caregiver Stranger Neighbors Someone else

FIGURE 16 Percentage of Person Who Responsible for The Abuse

Figure 16 above shows the percentage of person who responsible for the abuse. The percentage of 28% hold by the spouse. The percentage of paid caregiver, friends, stranger, neighbours and someone else are 19%, 16%, 15%, 14% and 8% respectively.

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7.3.3 RESPONDENTS’ RANKING RESPONSE 17- Why do you think that elders always experience any form of abuse by the others? TABLE 17.1 Classification of Respondent Answer Based on Question 17 Number of respondents Rank Rank Rank Rank Rank 1 2 3 4 5

Aspects Asking for money

19

6

8

8

12

Suffering from cognitive impairment (e.g dementia, Alzheimer)

17

13

5

11

7

Lack of technological savvy

1

10

20

13

9

Physical Frail or limited Being too trusting

7 9

17 7

14 6

13 8

2 23

TABLE 17.2 Percentage Rank for ‘Asking for Money’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

19

36

2

6

11

3

8

15

4

8

15

5

12

23

Total

53

100

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FIGURE 17.1 Ranking Percentage for ‘Asking for Money’ Aspect

Figure 17.1 represent a percentage for ‘Asking for money aspect’ by rank. 36% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 5 that accounts for 23%, 15% for both rank 3 and rank 4, and 11% for rank 2. TABLE 17.3 Percentage Rank for ‘Suffering from Cognitive Impairment’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

17

32

2

13

25

3

5

9

4

11

21

5

7

13

Total

53

100

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Rank 5 13% Rank 1 32% Rank 1

Rank 4 21%

Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 3 9%

Rank 2 25%

FIGURE 17.2 Ranking Percentage for ‘Suffering from Cognitive Impairment’ Aspect Figure 17.2 represent a percentage for ‘Suffering from cognitive impairment’ by rank. 32% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 25% of the all respondents, 9% for rank 3, 21% for rank 4, and 11% for rank 5.

TABLE 17.4 PERCENTAGE RANK FOR ‘LACK OF TECHNOLOGICAL SAVVY’ ASPECT Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

1

2

2

10

19

3

20

38

4

13

24

5

9

17

Total

53

100

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Rank 5 17%

Rank 1 2%

Rank 2 19%

Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3

Rank 4 24%

Rank 4

Rank 5

Rank 3 38%

FIGURE 17.3 Ranking Percentage for ‘Lack Of Technological Savvy’ Aspect Figure 17.3 represent a percentage for ‘Suffering from cognitive impairment’ by rank. 2% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 19% of the all respondents, 38% for rank 3, 24% for rank 4, and 17% for rank 5.

TABLE 17.5 Percentage Rank for ‘Physical Frail or Limited’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

7

2

2

17

19

3

14

38

4

13

24

5

2

17

Total

53

100

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Rank 5 4%

Rank 1 13%

Rank 4 25%

Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3

Rank 2 32%

Rank 4

Rank 5

Rank 3 26%

FIGURE 17.4 Ranking Percentage for ‘Physical Frail or Limited’ Aspect

Figure 17.4 represent a percentage for ‘Suffering from cognitive impairment’ by rank. 13% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 32% of the all respondents, 26% for rank 3, 1% minus difference from rank 3 for rank 4, and 4% for rank 5.

TABLE 17.6 Percentage Rank for ‘Being Too Trusting’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

9

17

2

7

13

3

6

11

4

8

15

5

23

44

Total

53

100

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Rank 1 17%

Rank 5 44%

Rank 1

Rank 2 13%

Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4

Rank 5

Rank 3 11% Rank 4 15%

FIGURE 17.5 Ranking Percentage for ‘Being Too Trusting’ Aspect

Figure 17.5 represent a percentage for ‘Suffering from cognitive impairment’ by rank. 17% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 13% of the all respondents, 11% for rank 3, 15% for rank 4, and 44% for rank 5.

18 - Rank these characteristics that elder abuse victim might have? TABLE 18.1 Classification of Respondent Answer Based on Question 18 Aspects

Rank 1

Number of respondents Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4

Rank 5

Weak

23

16

8

3

3

Disabled

15

21

6

5

6

Poor

2

9

19

18

5

Rich Lonely

9 5

1 7

6 14

14 12

23 15

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TABLE 18.2 Percentage Rank for ‘Weak’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

23

43

2

15

30

3

2

15

4

9

6

5

5

6

Total

53

100

Rank 4 6% Rank 3 15%

Rank 5 6%

Rank 1 43%

Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 2 30%

FIGURE 18.1 Ranking Percentage for ‘Weak’ Aspect

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Figure 18.1 represent a percentage for ‘Weak’ aspect by rank. 43% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 30% of the all respondents, 15% for rank 3, 6% for both rank 4 and rank 5.

TABLE 18.3 Percentage Rank for ‘Disabled’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

15

28

2

21

40

3

6

11

4

5

10

5

6

11

Total

15

100

Rank 5 11% Rank 1 28%

Rank 4 10%

Rank 1 Rank 2

Rank 3 11%

Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 2 40%

FIGURE 18.2 Ranking Percentage for ‘Being Too Trusting’ Aspect

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Figure 18.2 represent a percentage for ‘Suffering from cognitive impairment’ aspect by rank. 28% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 40% of the all respondents, 11% for both rank 3 and rank 5, and 1% difference from rank 3 and rank 5 for rank 4.

TABLE 18.4 Percentage Rank for ‘Poor’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

2

4

2

9

17

3

19

36

4

18

34

5

5

9

Total

53

100

Rank 5 9%

Rank 1 4%

Rank 2 17%

Rank 1 Rank 2

Rank 4 34%

Rank 3 Rank 4

Rank 5

Rank 3 36%

FIGURE 18.3 Ranking Percentage for ‘Poor’ Aspect 33 | P a g e

Figure 18.3 represent a percentage for ‘Poor’ by rank. 4% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 14% of the all respondents, 36% for rank 3, 34% for rank 4, and 9% for rank 5.

TABLE 18.5 Percentage Rank for ‘Rich’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

9

17

2

1

2

3

6

11

4

14

27

5

23

43

Total

53

100

Rank 1 17% Rank 2 2%

Rank 5 43%

Rank 1

Rank 3 11%

Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 4 27%

FIGURE 18.4 Ranking Percentage for ‘Rich’ Aspect

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Figure 18.4 represent a percentage for ‘Suffering from cognitive impairment’ by rank. 43% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 5 followed by rank 4 that accounts for 27% of the all respondents, 17% for rank 1, 11% for rank 3, and 2% for rank 2. TABLE 18.6 Percentage Rank for ‘Lonely’ Aspect Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

5

10

2

7

13

3

14

26

4

12

23

5

15

28

Total

53

100

Rank 1 10% Rank 5 28%

Rank 2 13% Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 4 23%

Rank 3 26%

FIGURE 18.5 Ranking Percentage for ‘Lonely’ Aspect

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Figure 18.5 represent a percentage for ‘Lonely’ by rank. 10% percent of the respondents has chosen this aspect for rank 1 followed by rank 2 that accounts for 13% of the all respondents, double percentage from rank 2 for rank 3, 23% for rank 4, and 28% for rank 5.

19. What are the age range of the elder that is commonly being abused? TABLE 19.1 Classification of Respondent Answer Based on Question 19 Number of respondents

Aspects Rank 1

Rank 2

Rank 3

Rank 4

Rank 5

Under 50

14

1

4

5

29

51-60

4

20

3

24

2

61-70

9

7

32

3

2

71-80

6

21

8

13

5

Over 81

20

6

5

8

14

TABLE 19.2 Percentage for Under 50 Years Old with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

14

26

2

1

2

3

4

8

4

5

9

5

29

55

Total

53

100

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Under 50 Years Old 26% Rank 1 Rank 2

55%

8%

2%

Rank 3 Rank 4

9%

Rank 5

FIGURE 19.1 Ranking Percentage for Under 50 Years Old

Figure 19.1 above shows that 55% respondents rank number 5 for under 50 years old. Then, followed by 26% for ranking number 1, 9% for ranking number 4, 8% for ranking number 3 and 2% for ranking number 2. TABLE 19.3 Percentage for 51-60 Years Old with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

4

7

2

20

38

3

3

6

4

24

45

5

2

4

Total

53

100

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51-60 Years Old 4%

7% Rank 1

45%

38%

Rank 2 Rank 3

6%

Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 19.2 Ranking Percentage for 51-60 Years Old

Figure 19.2 above shows that 45% respondents rank number 4 for 51-60 years old. Then, followed by 38% for ranking number 2, 7% for ranking number 1, 6% for ranking number 3 and 4% for ranking number.

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TABLE 19.4 Percentage for 61-70 Years Old with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

9

17

2

7

13

3

32

60

4

3

6

5

2

4

Total

53

100

61-70 Years Old 6% 4%

17% Rank 1

13% 60%

Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

TABLE 19.3 Ranking Percentage for 61-70 Years Old Figure 19.3 above shows that 60% respondents rank number 3 for 61-70 years old. Then, followed by 17% for ranking number, 13% for ranking number 2, 6% for ranking number 4 and 4% for ranking number 5.

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TABLE 19.5 Percentage for 71-80 Years Old with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

6

11

2

21

40

3

8

15

4

13

25

5

5

9

Total

53

100

71-80 Years Old 9%

11% Rank 1

25% 40% 15%

Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 19.4 Ranking Percentage for 61-70 Years Old

Figure 19.4 above shows that 40% respondents rank number 2 for 71-80 years old. Then, followed by 25% for ranking number 4, 15% for ranking number 3, 11% for ranking number and lastly 9% for ranking number 5.

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TABLE 19.6 Percentage for Over 81 Years Old With Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

20

38

2

6

11

3

5

10

4

8

15

5

14

26

Total

53

100

Over 81 Years Old 26% 38%

Rank 1 Rank 2

15%

Rank 3

10%

11%

Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 19.5 Ranking Percentage for Over 81 Years Old Figure 19.5 above shows that 38% respondents rank number 1 for over 81 years old. Then, followed by 26% for ranking number, 15% for ranking number 4, 11% for ranking number 2 and 10% for ranking number 3.

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20. Rank these punishments that is the most suitable for elder abuser. TABLE 20.1 Classification of Respondent Answer Based on Question 20 Number of respondents

Aspects Rank 1

Rank 2

Rank 3

Rank 4

Rank 5

Jail

18

12

4

5

14

pay fine

12

17

4

13

7

community service

7

7

23

7

9

Rehab

5

12

13

20

3

Caning

12

5

9

6

21

TABLE 20.2 Percentage for Jail with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

18

34

2

12

23

3

4

8

4

5

9

5

14

26

Total

53

100

Jail Rank 5 26%

Rank 1 34%

Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4

Rank 4 9% Rank 3 8%

Rank 5

Rank 2 23%

FIGURE 20.1 Ranking Percentage for Jail 42 | P a g e

Figure 20.1 above shows that 34% of respondents rank number. Then, followed by 26% for ranking number, 23% for ranking number 2, 9% for ranking number 4 and 8% for ranking number 3.

TABLE 20.3 Percentage for Pay Fine with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

12

23

2

17

32

3

4

8

4

13

24

5

7

13

Total

53

100

Pay Fine Rank 5 13%

Rank 1 23% Rank 1 Rank 2

Rank 4 24%

Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 3 8%

Rank 2 32%

FIGURE 20.2 Ranking Percentage for Pay Fine Figure 20.2 above shows that 32% respondents rank number 2 for paying fine. Then, followed by 24% for ranking number 4, 23% for ranking number 1, 13% for ranking number 5 and 8% for ranking number 3.

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TABLE 20.4 Percentage for Community Services with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

7

13

2

7

13

3

23

44

4

7

13

5

9

17

Total

53

100

Community Services Rank 1 13%

Rank 5 17%

Rank 2 13%

Rank 4 13%

Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 3 44%

FIGURE 20.3 Ranking Percentage for Community Services Figure 20.3 above shows that 44% respondents rank number 3 for doing community services. Then, followed by 17% for ranking number 5 and lastly 13% for ranking number 1, ranking number 2 and ranking number 4.

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TABLE 20.5 Percentage for Rehab with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

5

9

2

12

23

3

13

24

4

20

38

5

3

6

Total

53

100

Rehab Rank 5 6%

Rank 1 9%

Rank 2 23%

Rank 4 38%

Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 3 24%

FIGURE 20.4 Ranking Percentage for Rehab

Figure 20.4 above shows that 38% of respondents would rank number 4 for going to rehab. Then, followed by 24% for ranking number 3, 23% for ranking number 2, 9% for ranking number 1 and 6% for ranking number 5.

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TABLE 20.6 Percentage for Caning with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

12

23

2

5

9

3

9

17

4

6

11

5

21

40

Total

53

100

Caning Rank 1 23% Rank 5 40%

Rank 1 Rank 2

Rank 2 9%

Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

Rank 4 11%

Rank 3 17%

FIGURE 20.5 Ranking Percentage for Caning

Figure 20.5 above shows that 40% respondents rank number 5 for caning. Then, followed by 23% for ranking number 1, 17% for ranking number 3, 11% for ranking number 4 and 9% for ranking number 2.

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21. Rank those who need to take care about elders’ welfare? TABLE 21.1 Classification of Respondent Answer Based on Question 21 Number of respondents

Aspects Rank 1

Rank 2

Rank 3

Rank 4

Rank 5

Welfare house

14

9

11

10

9

themselves

10

17

10

5

11

their son

26

8

11

3

5

community

1

14

10

25

3

government

3

5

12

9

24

TABLE 21.2 Percentage for Welfare House with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

14

26

2

9

17

3

11

21

4

10

19

5

9

17

Total

53

100

Welfare House 17%

26% Rank 1

19%

Rank 2

17% 21%

Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 21.1 Ranking Percentage for Welfare House 47 | P a g e

Figure 21.1 above shows that 26% of respondents rank number 1. Then, followed by 21% for ranking number 3, 19% for ranking number 4 and 17% for ranking number 2 and ranking number 5. TABLE 21.3 Percentage for Themselves with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

10

19

2

17

32

3

10

19

4

5

9

5

11

21

Total

53

100

Themselves 21%

19% Rank 1

9%

Rank 2

19%

32%

Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 21.2 Ranking Percentage for Themselves

Figure 21.2 above shows that 32% of respondents rank number 2 for taking care by themselves. Then, followed by 21% for ranking number 5, 19% for ranking number 3 and ranking number 1 and lastly 9% for ranking number 4.

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TABLE 21.4 Percentage for Their Son With Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

26

49

2

8

15

3

11

21

4

3

6

5

5

9

Total

53

100

Their Son 6%

9% Rank 1

49%

21%

Rank 2 Rank 3

15%

Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 21.3 Ranking Percentage for Their Son Figure 21.3 above shows that 49% of respondents rank number. Then, followed by 21% for ranking number 3, 15% for ranking number 2, 9% for ranking number 5 and lastly 6% for ranking number 4.

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TABLE 21.5 Percentage for Community with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

1

2

2

14

26

3

10

19

4

25

47

5

3

6

Total

53

100

Community 6%2% 26% Rank 1 Rank 2

47% 19%

Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 21.4 Ranking Percentage for Community Figure 21.4 above shows that 47% of respondents rank number 4 for take care by community. Then, followed by 26% for ranking number 2, 19% for ranking number 3, 6% for ranking number 5 and lastly 2% for ranking number 1.

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TABLE 21.6 Percentage for Government with Different Ranks Ranking

Frequency

Percentage (%)

1

3

6

2

5

9

3

12

23

4

9

17

5

24

45

Total

53

100

Government 6%

9% Rank 1

45%

23%

Rank 2 Rank 3

17%

Rank 4 Rank 5

FIGURE 21.5 Ranking Percentage for Government Figure 21.5 above shows that 45% of respondents rank number. Then, followed by 23% for ranking number 3, 17% for ranking number 4, 9% for ranking number 2 and lastly 6% for ranking number 1.

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7.3.4 RESPONDENTS’ SCALING RESPONSE 22. Most of the abusers are males

TABLE 22 Level of Agreement of Respondents Aspects

Frequency

Percentage(%)

Strongly disagree

2

4

Somewhat disagree

8

15

Neither disagree or agree

20

38

Somewhat agree

16

30

Strongly agree

7

13

Total

53

Strongly disagree Somewhat disagree Neither disagree or agree Somewhat agree Strongly agree

FIGURE 22 Percentage of Level of Agreement of Respondents Table 22 and Figure 22 shows the percentage level of agreement from respondents about the statements that most of the abusers are males. 4% of them are strongly disagree and 15% of them are somewhat disagree with it. 38% is in neutral which neither disagree or agree. 30% of the respondents somewhat agree and 13% strongly agree with the statement.

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23. Most children changed attitude after they have married

TABLE 23 Level of Agreement of Respondents Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Strongly disagree

0

0

Somewhat disagree

5

9

Neither disagree or agree

19

36

Somewhat agree

17

32

Strongly agree

12

23

Total

53

Strongly disagree

Somewhat disagree

Neither disagree or agree

Somewhat agree

Strongly agree

FIGURE 23 Percentage of Level of Agreement of Respondents Table 23 and Figure 23 are about the percentage level of agreement of the respondents towards the statement that state most children change attitude after they have married. None of them are strongly disagree which is 0%. 9% of them are somewhat disagree. Respondents who are in neutral, neither disagree or agree with the statement which hold 36%. Followed by 32% of them somewhat agree and 23% of the strongly agree.

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24. Most of the abusers are their own children

TABLE 24 Level of Agreement of Respondents Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Strongly disagree

1

2

Somewhat disagree

4

8

Neither disagree or agree

10

19

Somewhat agree

23

43

Strongly agree

15

28

Total

53

Strongly disagree Somewhat disagree Neither disagree or agree Somewhat agree Strongly agree

FIGURE 24 Percentage of Level of Agreement of Respondents

Table 24 and Figure 24 are showing the numbers and percentage of level of agreements of respondents on most of the abusers are their own children statement. Only 2% of them strongly disagree with this statement. 8% of them somewhat disagree. 19% neither disagree or agree. 43% somewhat agree which hold the most percentage. Lastly, 28% of them strongly agree with this statement.

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25. Abuse not only physical but emotional, neglect and financial also abuse

TABLE 25 Level of Agreement of Respondents Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Strongly disagree

1

2

Somewhat disagree

2

4

Neither disagree or agree

2

4

Somewhat agree

19

36

Strongly agree

29

55

Total

53

Strongly disagree Somewhat disagree Neither disagree or agree Somewhat agree Strongly agree

FIGURE 25 Percentage of Level of Agreement of Respondents

Table 25 and Figure 25 above are showing about the percentage of level of agreement of respondents about the statement of abuse not only physical but emotional, neglect and financial also an abuse. 2% of them strongly disagree with this statement while both somewhat disagree and neither disagree or agree are at 4%. Somewhat disagree hold 36% and the percentage of 55% is strongly agree with this statement.

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26. Most of the citizens who saw elder being abused in public will considered that is family matter

TABLE 26 Level of Agreement of Respondents Aspects

Frequency

Percentage (%)

Strongly disagree

0

0

Somewhat disagree

8

15

Neither disagree or agree

10

19

Somewhat agree

17

32

Strongly agree

18

34

Total

53

Strongly disagree Somewhat disagree Neither disagree or agree Somewhat agree Strongly agree

FIGURE 26 Percentage of Level of Agreement of Respondents

Table 26 and Figure 26 above shows the numbers and percentage of level of agreement of respondents on the statement that state most of the citizens who saw elder being abused in public will considered that is family matter. None of them strongly disagree with this statement which is 0%. 15% of the somewhat disagree, 19% neither disagree or agree and 32% somewhat agree. Lastly, the percentage of 34% is strongly agree with it.

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7.3.5 RESPONDENTS’ RESPONSE FOR OPEN -ENDED QUESTIONS

TABLE 27.1 Respondents’ Response for Question 1 27. Do you have any intention to send your elders to welfare house? Why? Respondent

Response

R1

No. Because I love my family and my elder.

R2

No. Because it is my responsibility.

R3

No. Because our parents is our responsibility to take care of them whatever happens.

R4

No. As Muslims and most of religion prohibited neglect the elders nor abuse.

R5

No, because I must take care them like they care me when I’m child.

R6

I don’t’ have such intention.

R7

I don’t because I probably be living under the same roof with them which requires me to be responsible in taking care of them and their daily needs.

R8

No. Because I love my family very much.

R9

No, pity to them.

R10

No, because they’re our responsibilities.

R11

No. Responsibility to take care of elders must be come from the family members.

R12

No. They are my parent and I want to take care of them.

R13

No. Because I can take care of them myself and with my siblings.

R14

No. I prefer to take care them with my own.

R15

No. I don’t because I love my family.

R16

No, because understand my elders feeling when I send they there.

R17

No.

R18

No. because they are the responsibility of the children.

R19

No, because to me, my family is my priority. Depends on situation. If they are healthy and able to take care of themselves,

R20

better be at home. If they need to be paid attention all the time, better they get care from the welfare house.

R21

No, it is my responsible to take care of them.

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R22

No, because it is my responsible to take of them.

R23

Tidak. Selagi ada waris dan saudara mara terdekat perlu menjaganya.

R24

No, because it is our responsibility to take care of them.

R25

No

R26

No, I love them.

R27

No

R28

No, it is prohibited in Islam to neglect the welfare of their parents, in general the elders.

R29

No, I love them.

R30

No, not good.

R31

R32

R33

No. Because our parents have taken care of us so we need to appreciate their sacrifices by keeping them well. No. Children could take good care of their elders because it is their own responsibilities. No. because all religion and races has been taught about the care and responsibility of elders must come from family members.

R34

No, because it is my responsibility to take care of them.

R35

No. I will take care of myself.

R36

R37

No. Because parents are one of the duties for children to care for and love them. For working couple, send elders to welfare house is a best way to make sure a safety, welfare of elders. Sent them in office hour and pickup after work.

R38

No. I think that children should take care their parent by themselves.

R39

No. Sinful.

R40

No, because they are who raise me up from I was baby until now.

R41

No, I want to take care of them.

R42

R43

No. I don’t and I won’t do that to my parent because I love my family so much. Yes, because at welfare house, the elders will have friends and someone will take care of them. No the responsibility to take care of elder must come from all family

R44

members. Not only islamic but all religion and all races has been tought about it. 58 | P a g e

R45 R46

Tidak. Agama Islam melarang membiar ibubapa yang sudah tua dalam keadaan susah. No Never. Because they have given their everything in raising me and my

R47

siblings. So we should return their favor out of love and as a gesture of "thank you" to the sacrifices they have made.

R48

No. Because I love my parents.

R49

No. Because I think it is my responsibility to take care of them.

R50

No

R51

No, it's may not easy but it is my responsibility as their children to take care of them.

R52

No, I will take care my own parent/elders/family members

R53

No

TABLE 27.2 Respondents’ Intention Regarding to Send Their Elders to Welfare House Intention

Number of respondent

Percentage (%)

Yes

1

1.9

No

52

98.1

Total

53

100

FIGURE 27.2 Intention of Respondent

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The figure 27.2 above shows that 98.1% of respondent have no intention to send their parent to the welfare house because of few reasons such as their responsibilities to take care of their parents or elders. The remaining 1.9% say yes to send their parent to the welfare because they said the elders will not feel lonely and neglect because at the welfare house, elders got many friends and caretaker who can take care of them.

Table 27.3 Respondents’ Categories (No) Regarding to Send Their Elders to Welfare House Categories

Number of Respondent

Percentage (%)

Responsibility of children

28

52.8

Loving and caring

13

24.6

Others

12

22.6

Total

53

100

FIGURE 27.3 Categories of Respondent (Who Say No) The figure 27.3 above shows that the reasons or categories why they do not want to send their parents to the welfare house. There are 52.8% of respondent who said elders are their responsibilities to take care. The other remaining percent which are 24.6% respondent said they loved and cared their elders makes them to take care their elders by themselves and 22.6% respondent just said no and have no reasons.

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28. If you see this case happen in public, what would you do? And why?

TABLE 28.1 List of Response by The Respondent Respondent

Response

R1

Report the care because not my job to investigate the case.

R2

Observe first then stop the action. Check it the real situation.

R3

Give some advices to the abuser to not doing abuse anymore.

R4

Helping and solved whatever necessary. As Malaysian and our culture to help each other.

R5

Give some advice to his son that elders are our responsibilities.

R6

I will approach and give some advised the abuser. I’d step in and do what’s right by voicing out the abusive actions will

R7

involve the authorities to take action on the abuse. Because the abuse doesn’t have the right to trouble one’s safety and set them in an uncomfortable environment.

R8

Firstly, I see the case and I asking them the problem why them treat theirs’s parent like this. Maybe I just can advise them.

R9

Report to police. To make sure the abuser get their punishment.

R10

Tell them to stop because dangerous thing might happen.

R11



Report it



Approach



Counsel

R12

Try reporting it to the responsible ones. I afraid I can’t help them myself.

R13

Give them advised, because they is the person that not get the right path.

R14

Stopping them. Elders are need to be protected and loved.

R15

R16 R17

Report!!! We have to report to the police. We have to and must to! If no one take an action, I will stop / beat them to stop the abuser. I would stop their action and brought the elders to safety. This is because they are one of the weak person. So, we need to protect them. Help and find their family, lodge police report.

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Send them to counsellor to get more in-depth advice on the importance of their parents’ care. They also need to know more about the goodness and the R18

privilege when parents are with us. They also need to know that parents are in need of children in addition to their helplessness. People also need affection from children.

R19

I would stop them and save the elders.

R20

Contact related authority to take action.

R21

I’ll report to the authority.

R22

I would report it to police because they will be take care of it.

R23

R24

Saya akan jumpa dan bertanya, apa masalah beliau serta latar belakang diri dan keluarga beliau. I would confront them, because is it type of abuse and violate the human right.

R25

To has police report if found the abusement is critical.

R26

Report to police. Give them punishment.

R27

Report.

R28

Should take immediate action upon it by complaining to the right person or authority. Islam impose on taking care of the elders.

R29

Give advice, I don’t like terrorism.

R30

Give them punishment, I hate them.

R31

Prevent the act by advising.

R32

I will report it to the police because we need to prevent this case from happening.

R33

Report it to authority and avoid worst incident such as injury and death.

R34

I will teach him/her a lesson.

R35

I will do nothing. It’s their own responsibility and have to realize about that. In my opinion, I will inform the authorities to take action on these

R36

irresponsible acts. In addition, they need advice and guidance to learn more about the issue that is increasingly contagious at this time.

R37

Investigate first and report to authority.

R38

I would give advice to them pity to elders.

R39

Try to protect. Common sense.

R40

I will report it to the one who is responsible to this issue. 62 | P a g e

R41 R42 R43 R44

R45 R46 R47

Report. I want the elder to live happily. I'll square up. I'll report to authorities (policr) to take an action. I dont have right power to do that. I will do nothing, because it is not my business. Approach and if necessary, report it to authority. To avoid worst incident such as injury or death. Memberikannya teguran. Jika berlaku lagi, buat laporan ke pihak yang berkenaan. Report to police and relevant board. Elder need to be protect. I would probably approach and offer help in any way that is possible for me to help because I strongly believe the phrase " what you give, you get back".

R48

I will report to the police

R49

I will prevent it from happen because it is not good attitude in public

R50

I'll report them to relevant authorities. This kind of thing need to be stop.

R51

If this happens in public, I would try to record it and make a report to a near police station because I don’t want this abusement keep going.

R52

Ask why they do that. Identify the reason first bofore come into conclusion

R53

Report to authority. Need to prevent more harm done by abuser

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TABLE 28.2 Classification of The Action by Respondent If See This Case in Public Report to The

Confront The

Relevant

Abuser or Save The

Authorities

Elder

R1

R2

R3

R35

R9

R7

R4

R43

R11

R10

R5

R12

R11

R6

R15

R14

R8

R17

R16

R11

R20

R17

R13

R21

R19

R15

R22

R24

R18

R25

R30

R23

R26

R34

R29

R27

R39

R31

R28

R44

R36

R32

R47

R38

R33

R49

R45

R36

Give Advice to The Abuser

Do Nothing

R52

R37 R40 R41 R42 R44 R45 R46 R48 R50 R51 R53

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TABLE 28.3 Percentage of The Action by Respondent if See This Case in Public Classifications

Frequency

Percent (%)

Report to the relevant authorities

27

45

15

25

Give advice to the abuser

16

27

Do nothing

2

3

Confront the abuser or save the elder

Percentage of The Classified Respondents' Responses 3%

27%

45%

Report to the relevant authorities Confront the abuser or save the elder Give advice to the abuser

25%

Do nothing

FIGURE 28 Percentage of The Action by Respondent if See This Case in Public

From figure 28 and table 28.3 above, they represent percentage of the action by respondent if see this case in public. The highest one which is 45% of the respondents responded that they would report the case to the relevant authorities such as police officer while 25% of them would confront the abuser or save the elder from getting abuse. In addition, the rest of the respondents will give advice to the abuser which is 27% and do nothing which is only 3%.

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29. What do you think is the best way to overcome elder abuse problem?

TABLE 29.1 List of Response Based on Their Opinion on the Best Way to Overcome Elder Abuse Problem Respondent

Response As a children, I motivate myself to take care and love my elders and also

R1

give my best to have time for caring my elders so they will no hurt feeling or feeling lonely.

R2 R3 R4 R5 R6

Keep on awareness campaign/religious program to appreciate their elder/parent. Give a talk to communities about negatives side of abuse. Caring and concerned from all such as government, community, that is the best way. Make annual campaign or talk to public about elder abuse. In my opinion, the best way is to raise awareness to the community about the elder abuse. By offering them to stay with their close friend or a family member for at

R7

least good period of time for their safety instead of trusting a stranger- a caregiver to take care of them and their needs.

R8

Apply more affection and love in the family.

R9

Give a campaign.

R10

In my opinion, the best way is do motivation or campaign.

R11

Awareness talk - Concerned from community

R12

Government take serious action to the elder abuser.

R13

R14

Give children complete study about this and that can sure that them will take care of their parents. Do more activities with your parents/elders to create strong bond relationship. 1. Be responsible person.

R15

2. Close yourself to god prayer. 3. Spread positive vibe and loving each other.

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4. Expose this case to the public and early education. R16

Spread the news about the elders abuse

R17

Punishment by authorities. 1. Step to overcome this problem is that human attitude should be good where people need to erode the trivial nature of the less fortunate parents as well as the children need to disgrace the parents who are considered older

R18

and less useful. 2. Children should be taught religion and exposure from the beginning of respects for parents. 3. Moral education also needs to be applied in primary and secondary schools.

R19

Send the elder to welfare house.

R20

Spread awareness among society.

R21

It start from the child age, teach kids to respect their parents.

R22

R23 R24 R25

In my opinion, the best way to overcome elder abuse problem is to make advertisement on social media and make a campaign. Sediakan keperluan yang diperlukan dari segi kesihatan dan masalah yang lain. Educate the society starting from kindergarten. To has special community to monitor the related areas which has potential for the abusement cases.

R26

Increase the reward who take report.

R27

Promote more about this knowledge for public.

R28

Proper legislated laws on financial, authorities, bodies, records.

R29

Make a campaign.

R30

Kill the abuser.

R31

Do a campaign.

R32

Stop them from doing it.

R33

R34

Concerned from all community and government especially from family members. Ask community or religious leader to give a talk about elder abuse or put a message on website, bulletin on in newsletter.

R35

Make a law to do a fair judgement.

R36

1. Voluntary bodies should encourage the elderly to produce the potential. 67 | P a g e

2. The government and the private sector need to retire the elderly. 3. Wedding courses should also be given to each new bride. R37 R38

Awareness campaign through media. As Muslims the children should expose with sufficient amount of Islamic lesson.

R39

Send to welfare houses.

R40

Make a campaign to raise awareness to the public about this problem.

R41

Community should be more aware. Expose this type of awareness to public/community, to make them alert

R42

about this. This is the best way to reduce and prevent elder abuse cases in Malaysia.

R43

In my opinion, send the elder to welfare house but their children need to come every week.

R44

Caring and concerned from all community and neighbor.

R45

Memberi kesedaran kepada semua orang dengan melakukan kempen.

R46

Give exposure to people about this elder abuse issue. By always reminding ourselves that eventually, we too are going to be those

R47

so called elder and we definitely won't want to be abuse so we treat others right, the way we want to be treated one day.

R48

Instilling a sense of love towards parents

R49

Do a campaign.

R50

Do a campaign to make people realize the issue that they didn’t noticed.

R51

In my opinion, the best way to overcome elder abuse problem is to make a campaign to every range of age.

R52

Awareness from everyone

R53

Community involvement is needed to overcome this problem

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TABLE 29.2 Classification of Responses Based on Their Opinion Motivation

Awareness

Concern and

Government

towards

campaign, talk

actions from

actions

ourselves or

and education

family and

others

Others

community

R1

R2

R4

R12

R19

R10

R3

R7

R17

R30

R13

R5

R8

R26

R39

R15

R6

R11

R28

R43

R18

R9

R14

R35

R21

R10

R15

R36

R47

R11

R23

R48

R13

R25

R15

R32

R16

R33

R18

R36

R20

R41

R21

R44

R22

R53

R24 R27 R29 R31 R34 R36 R37 R38 R40 R42 R45 R46 R49

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R50 R51 R52

TABLE 29.3 Percentage of Classified Response Based on the Opinion Classifications

Frequency

Percentage(%)

Motivation towards ourselves or others

8

13

Awareness campaign, talk and education

30

48

Concern and actions from family and

14

23

Government actions

6

10

Others

4

6

community

Motivation towards ourselves or others Awareness campaign, talk and education Concern and actions from family and community Government actions Others

FIGURE 29 Percentage of Classified Response Based on the Opinion

Based on the Table 29.3 and Figure 29 above, they represent the percentage of the respondent towards the statement of the best way to overcome elder abuse problem based on their own opinion which has been classified. 13% of them said that motivation towards ourselves or others are the best way. The percentage of 48% of the respondents thought awareness campaign, talk and education are the best way to overcome this problem while 23% of them said the concern and actions from family and community is the best. Finally, government actions and others has been one of their opinion which has percentage of 10% and 6%.

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30. Please give your comment / opinion / suggestion on the topic. TABLE 30.1 List of Response Based on Their Opinion/Comment/Suggestion on this topic. Respondent R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7

R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28

Response If to general for public because it most suitable for a community and welfare. As me a good people, I suggest to take this topic more seriously. No comment. We need to give attention and awareness about this negative matter. This matter shouldn’t be happen for our good. The government must play the role to avoid the problem by adding more facility especially the elders who come from the poor. Some daughter and son must have responsibilities. It is good topic to be discussed. The elder abuse occurs at any time of the day while we are busy with life. Which is why community should take a big first step to combat and prevent elder abuse, sometimes elders give their caregiver too much stress with their demands which I suggest caregiver should learn how to release stress in a positive environment. This topic is good and needs to discussed in order to reduce the problem among the community. Topic is good. Everyone should be aware about their surrounding cases and government should do something to overcomes and reduce this ‘elder abuse’ problem. Provide more facility from government. - Provide more awareness talk. I hope we can help overcome this problem together. This topic is surely must talk nowadays. Please love your own parents. We should spread positive attitude to others. Love and care each other. Love it all. It all starts with the love in our heart. If we love our elders, this case will not happen. So spread love and enjoy our life. In my opinion, this topic is so good to be discussed. Various efforts can be taken to curb the ongoing problems such as through awareness and government education campaign and the active role played by nongovernmental organizations (NGO’S) in the country regarding the rights and protection of the elderly. Do a campaign for saving the elders and stop elder abuse. A good topic to bring awareness among society. More enforcement. This elder abuse must be stop because it is unrespectful actions. Terbaik dan perlu diketengahkan. GREAT TOPIC! Community awareness is important. Topic is important to spread -NilMalaysia at the brim of becoming a developed country most have proper programme as what been implemented in western country but addict with Islamic values. 71 | P a g e

R29 R30 R31 R32 R33 R34 R35

R36

R37 R38 R39 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46 R47 R48 R49 R50 R51 R52 R53

This topic is awesome. Yes, topic is very good nowadays. Good. To give awareness. We should make a campaign to avoid this problem from happening again. Government must consider elders who need the favor and who not capable to take care of themselves especially who come from the poor. Each of the abuser must be punished because they deserve it. Quite good for netizen. We as children should have a sense of compassion towards the elderly. In addition, responsibilities should be carried out by children when they need us. In these critical moments, senior citizens need an attention. On the contrary, we need to keep them instead of putting them in the elders welfare home, appreciate them while they are still there. Good research. We should loves our elders because they raise us since we a baby. Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM) need to check on the elder regularly. This topic is one of the most familiar topic in our country to discuss about. Very good. This topic (elder abuse) can expand more in malaysia to make all malaysian aware and take an action and to be more responsible person. This is very good. Provide more facility from government to elders who not capable to take care of themselves and come from the poor. The government must considered to all elders who need the favor. This issue need to overcome as soon as possible. Its starts with ourselves. Change the way we look into the world. Try to understand others, the elderly and even abuser. Do our part. Reach out. Only then, things can be change. To give awareness to people about how important to take care your parents. I think it is a serious case that we as a one community should take care of. Good issue to be discuss and overcome. This kind of abusement need to stop as it is not good for the elders because they doesn’t deserve this. Everyone should taake their own role to prevent elder abuse problem becomes more serious. No comment

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TABLE 30.1 Classification of Response Based On Respondent Opinion Good

Family

issue to Give awareness

Ways

be

about issue to Governme

discuss

people.

R1

to No

member

Advice

cope with comme

responsibilit

to

Other

nt role

the issue

nt

y

people

s

R3

R4

R36

R2

R5

R12

R22

R6

R10

R11

R15

R17

R14

R46

R8

R11

R21

R47

R27

R38

R9

R18

R28

R52

R45

R51

R13

R19

R33

R7

R53

R16

R20

R39

R34

R20

R25

R44

R23

R26

R24

R31

R29

R32

R30

R35

R31

R42

R37

R48

R40 R41 R43 R49 R50

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TABLE 30.2 Percentage by Classification of Respondent Opinion Categories

Respondent answers

Percentage (%)

Good issue to be discuss

18

32

Give awareness about the issue to people.

13

23

Government role

7

13

Ways to cope with the issue

6

11

No comment

5

9

Family member responsibility

1

2

Advice to people

4

7

Other

2

4

FIGURE 30.1 Percentage of Respondent Comment About Elders Abuse Topic.

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Figure 30.1 shows the percentage of respondents based on their opinions, comments and suggestions on elder abuse issue topic. Their responses are categorized in give awareness about the issue to people, good issue to be discuss, government role, ways to cope with the issue, family member responsibility, advice to people, no comment and others. The most of their response stated that it is good issue to be discuss and about 32% of the entire response. It followed by response stated the give awareness about the issue to people and shows about 23%. Government role category accounts for only 12% and 1% difference with ways to cope with the issue. The lowest response from all category is family member responsibility which accounts 2% in the chart. As shown in Table 4.30.1, only 1 respondent (R5) talk about family responsibility.

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8

CONCLUSION

From all the findings stated before, conclusions are made to explain the awareness and thoughts of elder abuse cases in Selangor. 8.1

GENDER

More than half respondents are male. This is because male is easier to approach about taking care of elders. Besides, they show more interest in this topic because son in the family are the most suitable person to take care of their children than daughter. 8.2

AGE

Most of the respondents are from age under 30 years old. This is because this age is the starting of age to have a family where have responsible to take care their family including their parents who are can considered to rest at home more often than going to work to find money for their family anymore. During this age, the unstable feeling like stress can make them doing something out of their mind such as abuse. 8.3

LIVING

Most of the respondents are is living with their own family either with or without their parents. This is because most of them are married and for the single will live with their parent. Most respondent who living with family will easy to approach because they have interest to know about this topic deeply. 8.4

MARITAL S TATUS

Most of the respondents are married. This is because married respondent have more interest to know about this topic on how to take care of their parent who need them more they know. Besides, the single respondent will less concern on how to have own family that need to take care. 8.5

TERM OF “ELDER ABUSE”

Most of the respondents said they knew about elder abuse. This is important because to differentiate between other abuse. Elder abuse is special kind of abuse where it can be considered as family matter where non-family member cannot interrupt or it might consider rude.

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8.6

ELDER ABUSE IN SELANGOR

Most of the respondent agreed that elder abuse is occurring in Selangor. This is because Selangor is one of the modern city where most people find their job or income in Selangor. Hence, they will have less time to spend with their family which that can cause they will less know about their family and their children will less respect to the elder when they grow up. 8.7

SHARING ABOUT ELDER ABUSE TO FAMILY OR FRIENDS

Most of the respondent agreed to share the information or knowledge about elder abuse to their family or friends. This is important especially parents share the manner to act with their parent in proper way instead of spoil the children until they growth without knowing how to repay their parent with good attitude to them. 8.8

ELDER ABUSE CONSIDERED AS CRIME

Most of the respondent agreed that elder abuse is one of crime. This is important because crime is one thing that can bring down one community into corruption. Crime should be curb and stop or it will bring bad knowledge to the children. 8.9

ELDER ALWAYS G IVE BURDEN

Most of the respondent does not agreed that elder abuse give burden to them. This is because they always positive and think before they do anything that can give negative to their parent such as hurt feeling. This is important because parents are the one who sacrifice much more than we know for their children. 8.10 ELDER ABUSER SHOULD BE PUNISH Most of the respondent are agreed that abuser should be punished. This is because one of the best way to teach them how to react with good manner to their elder is by punish them. Sometimes, advises and talks cannot change their attitudes. 8.11 PERSONS WHO COUNTED AS ELDERS Based on our analysis, the respondent mostly agrees that the person who counted as elders are person who are older than us. From this we can conclude that anyone who are older than us, we considered them as elders and we should respect and treat them better. 8.12 PERSONS WHO NEED TO TAKE CARE ABOUT ELDER’S WELFARE Most of the respondents vote for their own children are the person who need to take care about elder’s welfare. Logically, yes, the person who need to take care about elder’s welfare is their own children. This is because it is their children responsibilities to look after and take care their 77 | P a g e

own parents or elders. The others like community and government will only supporting us, they will not completely take care about our parents. 8.13 FACTORS OF ELDER ABUSE ALWAYS UNDER-R EPORTED Considered as ‘family matters’ has the highest percentage vote by the respondents for the factors of elder abuse always being under-reported. Mostly, when incident like this happen in public not many people has the courage to get involve or report this problem because some citizen has set their mentality that problem like this is not part of their problem or their responsibility, they are family’s problem. 8.14 TYPES OF ABUSE AN ELDER M IGHT EXPERIENCE The highest percentage for the types of abuse an elder might experience that has been vote by the respondents is physical abuse compared to the others. This is because if being compared to the other kind of abuse, physical abuse is the most obvious one which mostly being reported and being exposed to the media. 8.15 EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL ABUSE Based on our chart, the highest are pressuring or forcing to give money which has been vote by respondents as the examples of financial abuse. If we compared to the other options, this example is the cruelest which there might be many types of method that can be used to pressure or forcing the elders in order for the abuser to retrieve the money. Some method may be committing homicide. 8.16 PERSONS WHO RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ABUSE Spouse has been voted to be the highest persons who responsible for the abuse. The other option has really close percentage to each other. Because the other options are considered as strangers which hardly for the to commit elder abuse because most of the time, elders will be with the person who are close to them. So the closest person is spouse.

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8.17 WHY DO YOU THINK THAT ELDERS ALWAYS EXPERIENCE ANY FORM OF ABUSE BY THE OTHERS ? Based on respondents’ response, the reason why elder most likely being abuse because of aspect ‘asking for money. Most of the respondents rank this as 1st rank. This most likely happen from their children or close relatives. They being abuse in form of financial. The reason also followed by suffering from cognitive impairment aspect because their caretaker may have stressed out because of their illness. As second rank, most of respondents have chosen physical frail or limited. Human as they enter elder life stage, they will become weaker else if they disabled. They need support from other because of their limited in to do something. This may lead to abuse if the caretaker is not mentally stable. The most choose for rank 5 which is not preferable is being too trusting aspect because it is not main issue if they were too trust. Maybe it is just in minority.

8.18 RANK THESE CHARACTERISTICS THAT ELDER ABUSE VICTIM MIGHT HAVE Based on the respondents ranked answers, a person who are weak are more likely to be elder abuse victim. Followed by disabled as second rank majority pick. These both aspects surely are the characteristics for elder abuse victim have as they are not able to do things such their daily routine activity, eat, walk or/and etc. They need support from others such caretaker to support their needs. This may lead to abuse if the caretaker being stressed out. Highest percentage in rank 5 (least preferred) accounted to rich aspect. Almost half of all respondents rank this aspect at 5th rank. This clearly show that elder abuse is least likely to be happen if person have this characteristic. 8.19 WHAT ARE THE AGE RANGE OF THE ELDER THAT IS COMMONLY BEING ABUSED? From the data analysed, according to the respondent, elders which age between 61-70 years old always getting abuse by the others. This is maybe because they think that between those age is the most problematic age where the elders may have many weakness or complication of health may come to this age and give burden to them. Other than that, age 61-70 years old also the age of retirement. So most of them want to spend their time with family. Then, some of their family would go for work and leave them alone in the house. For age over 80 years old, maybe the most of the respondent still have some pity for them. On the other hand, many respondents also choose elders under 51 years old would be the least preferred for elders to be abuse. At this age, most of them still strong and healthy. So, they can do their work by themselves without having to get help from the others. 79 | P a g e

8.20 RANK THESE PUNISHMENTS THAT IS THE MOST SUITABLE FOR ELDER ABUSER From the data analyzed, some of the respondents vote jail as the punishment for the abuser. This is maybe for letting the abuser having the hard time for what they are doing to the elders. This also to let the abuser know that elder abuse is prohibited in human life. As they are a weak person that need full care from us. Instead of abusing them, we should take care of them. For elders who are their parents, we should repay them as they always take care of us since we were a baby even until now. Most of respondent also want to punish the abuser by doing community services. They maybe want to give the abuser one more chance to turn over a new leaf. Maybe they abuse the elder because they cannot control their anger from work or stress and let the anger to the elder. On the other hand, community services are a good thing as they can give many good morals the people. For the least preferred punishment for abuser that most of the respondent choose is caning. In Islamic understanding, caning is the most preferred punishment for any crime. But they have their own rules on caning. maybe some of the respondent still did not want to having that form of punishment for the abuser. The abuse of the elder may not as heavy as others crime such as raping or stealing. In addition, the respondents also did now want rehab as the punishment for the elder abuser. Maybe they think that those punishment is didn’t enough for their doing. Rehab usually suitable for the drug or alcohol addicts. Maybe it not suitable for the elder abuser. 8.21 RANK THOSE WHO NEED TO TAKE CARE ABOUT ELDERS’ WELFARE From the data analyzed, most of respondent preferred their son as the person who should take care about the elders’ welfare. Their son should repay for what their elders do to them since they are baby. It is a common sense for a person to take care their parents. Other than that, some of them also choose that the elders should take care of themselves. This may apply to an elder which has no family to take care of them due to no marriage, death or lost contact with their close family. On the other hand, the least preferred person to take care of the elders is the community. Maybe because not all the community is a good community. So some of them would take care of the elder wrongly or take advantage of the elders. Some community also didn’t want to have burden on taking care of the strange elders that have no connection with them. So they may feel that the elders are not their responsibility. Same goes to the government, as the government have many heavier issue to handle rather than elders’ welfare. In the end, the elders will be neglect by the government.

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8.22 MOST OF THE ABUSER ARE MALES From the chart, we can conclude that all respondents are not sure with the statements. There might be males are not the most gender to be the abuser. Females also might become the most gender to be abusers. So, it cannot be confirmed whether it is male or female that become the most abusers. 8.23 MOST CHILDREN CHANGE ATTITUDE AFTER THEY HAVE MARRIED Respondents are neither disagree or agree with the statement of most children changed attitude after they have married. The closest percentage to the highest percentage is respondents somewhat agree with the statement. So we can conclude that, respondents might think that the children changed after they married. This is because the children need to manage their time to spend or look after their parents, wife and their own children. It may happen that parents get the least time. 8.24 MOST OF THE ABUSER ARE THEIR OWN CHILDREN Most of the respondents somewhat agree with the statement. This is because the one who should to look after and take care of the parents is their own children. The children also is the closest person that might spend most of their time together with their parents. So some children may feel annoying towards their parents and start to treat them badly which may lead to abuse.

8.25 ABUSE NOT ONLY PHYSICAL BUT EMOTIONAL, NEGLECT AND FINANCIAL ALSO ABUSE Respondents are strongly agreed with this statement. This is because there are many types of abuse that had been committed. We might not know it because it has not been exposed or alert with these types of abuse. Besides, the other types of abuse also did not happen in open public and also been under-reported. If we pay more attention to this issue, we know that there are many types of abuse other than physical such as neglect and emotional abuse. So, we should be careful not to be accidentally abuse elders. 8.26 MOST OF THE C ITIZENS SAW ELDER BEING ABUSED IN PUBLIC W ILL C ONSIDERED THAT IS FAMILY MATTER The highest vote that has been received by respondents is strongly agree which most people agree that most of the citizens who saw elder being abused in public will considered that is family matter. Actually, this incident we can ask ourselves whether we have that thought or 81 | P a g e

not. If not, we are responsible citizen which do not want this problem to spread. Besides, people also do not have their courage to approach this problem when its happen in public and take action to report to the authorities. So, we should be more courage to protect the elders and prevent this problem from spreading. 8.27 SEND ELDER TO WELFARE HOUSE Most of the respondent said no to send their elders to the welfare house. This is because they are responsible and love toward their parents who has sacrifice to grow them up with patients. Most of the parents are more comfortable living with their children instead living at welfare house. We all know, when we send our parent to welfare house, they will have more friends and caretaker who can take care of them more well than their children but most of the parent like to spend more of their time with their grandchildren or kids. 8.28

THINGS TO DO WHEN SEE THE ABUSE HAPPEN IN PUBLIC

Based on the data analysed, we can see that most of the respondents choose to report the abuse cases to the authorities if they see it happen in public. This is actually a wise act because they may doesn’t want to interfere with stranger’s problems. So instead of taking action to the abuser, so they just report to the authorities and let them do their work. Other than that, it is also good if we let the authorities decide what to do instead of arguing with the abuser and make things worse. Then, the respondents also choose to give advice to the abuser. When abuse happen in public, we could interfere the abuse with giving advice or control the situation. This will make much better. In addition, there are small amount of respondents who choose to do nothing when the abuse happens in public. This may not the rational things to do because the abuse can become more worst if we let it happen. The elder might have emotionally or physically injured by the abuser. For confronting the abuser or save the elder, it is also a rational thing to do as some of the respondent vote for it. 8.29 THE BEST WAY T O OVERCOME ELDER ABUSE P ROBLEM IS BY CONDUCTING AWARENESS CAMPAIGN, TALK AND EDUCATION Most of respondents said that the citizen and public need to be aware with this problem by conducting campaign, talk and education. This awareness might help in overcoming this issue and the community will be more alert and informed with this issue. Besides, there are also other opinions but this opinion is the most.

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8.30 COMMENT / OPINION/ SUGGESTION ON THE TOPIC. Most of the respondents give opinion about the topic is the issue that is good to be discuss. It is clear to be concluded that this topic need to be discuss more seriously as their opinion may from their life experience as witnesses, victim or even abuser. There are also respondent’s responses that says about give awareness about the issue to people. This shows that people in Selangor lacks of exposure and awareness about this issue. The least response category is family member responsibility. This clearly shows family member responsibility are not the reason for this issue.

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9 9.1

RECOMMENDATION TRY TO UNDERSTAND ELDER AND ONE DAY WE ALSO WILL BE ELDERS

Try to be more rational and patient. the elders might be tiring and annoyed sometimes due to their weakness and health complication. try to put yourself as the elders if you treat them badly. the good deed that we did today might be repay anytime. let’s make a world a better place. 9.2

CREATE A COMMUNITY THAT ARE CONCERNED AND SUPPORT ELDERS

We can create a community support for the caregivers and elders to avoid the abuse to the elder people. the government can make funding to provide additional training to the caregivers so that the elders' welfare at the welfare house will be more professional. funding to the people who work on aging-related care also good on prevention and detection of the elder abuse. 9.3

GOVERNMENT NEED TO BE AWARE OF PEOPLE ABOUT ELDER ABUSE

Government also can increase the awareness of the elder abuse among the community so that they can easily recognize the sign of elder abuse in their lives such as campaign through social media. we can make this issue as serious as the child abuse. with this, we will make the community to be more alert on this and it is possible for us to stop the elder abuse. 9.4

CITIZENS SHOULD REPORT ELDER ABUSE TO AUTHORITIES

Community or citizen should practice reporting this problem as soon as they see this incident happens in public. This is because from this attitude, we can make changes toward this issue by reducing it or vanishing it off from our country. When the community keep alerts with this issue and reporting them, the abuser will be scared to commit abuse towards elders. 9.5

GOVERNMENT SHOULD PLAY ITS ROLE

The government can play their role in reducing this problem by offering reward for them whose stay alert with this issue and report them to the authorities. Besides, government also should give an award for them who has the courage to take actions in eradicating this issue. 9.6

DON’T LET YOUR MIND TO BLOCK YOUR INTENTION TO HELP OTHERS

We have been taught that we cannot interrupt other family problem if not, we might consider rude. This is true but we also have been taught that we need to help each other especially who really in need such as elders. If we see elders being abused in public, why not we ask them properly and give some advised to the abuser to stop abusing the elders because it is not good even the elders are not your relatives. We should set our mind every time to help other people even though we will label as rude by others. 84 | P a g e

9.7

NEIGHBOURHOOD SHOULD PLAY THEIR ROLE

Neighbourhood is one of the medium to keep a society always in harmonies and safe. A neighbourhood should have a perception to mind other person business when comes to their neighbour’s safety. We need to be aware that elder abuse is dangerous in our society because it is such a silent killer. We do not know when it comes to us either in physical or other types of abuse. So, neighbourhood society like JKK (Jawatankuasa Ketua Kampung) should do more activities to make sure neighbours’ safety always in harmonies. 9.8

DO NOT AFRAID TO REPORT TO AUTHORITIES

Some of elders that being abused feel afraid with their children or abuser until they do not want to make any report regarding their abused. If we not the one who supposed to be responsible to report to the authorities, who else will do. This is dangerous because it can increase the number of death elders without we know the truth of their death. The neglect by their beloved children also can be an abuse to them. So don’t let our feeling to block our safety and freedom to live happily without being abused. 9.9

MORE PROGRAM NEED TO BE PROPOSED

There is some program that should be organized by the community to fight this issue such as home visitation and family support program. This program can increase the awareness among citizen by sharing information about this issue. Besides, it also can ease the burden of the family which involve with elder abuse issue thus solving the problem in the family. 9.10 CAREGIVER SHOULD BE ONE WHO CAN TAKE CARE ELDER PROPERLY Elder caregiver should not the one who cannot take care elder. They should expect elder deficiency and can handle emotion such stress. Caregiver stress is the most theory that centre all of the factor for elder abuse issue. The person caring need to have knowledge about how to be elder caregiver and they might not aware that they will being abusive. This is one of the best way to overcome elder abuse issue.

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10 REFERRENCES 1. Ahmed, A., Choo, W., Othman, S., Hairi, N. N., Hairi, F. M., Mydin, F. H., & Jaafar, S. N. (2016). Understanding of elder abuse and neglect among health care professionals in Malaysia: An exploratory survey. Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect, 28(3), 163-177. doi:10.1080/08946566.2016.1185985 2. Bidin, A., Mohd, Z., Harun, N., Salleh, K., & Hamid, N. '. (n.d.). Understanding the Issue

of

Elder

Abuse

from

Islamic

Perspective.

Retrieved

from

https://www.idosi.org/wasj/wasj35(9)17/14.pdf. 3. Choo, W. Y., Hairi, N. N., Sooryanarayana, R., Yunus, R. M., Hairi, F. M., Ismail, N., . . . Bulgiba, A. (2016). Elder mistreatment in a community dwelling population: The Malaysian Elder Mistreatment Project (MAESTRO) cohort study protocol. BMJ Open, 6(5). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011057 4. INDRAMALAR, S. (2016, March 11). Elder abuse: A subject many don't want to talk about. Retrieved from https://www.star2.com/family/seniors/2016/03/11/elder-abusea-subject-many-dont-want-to-talk-about/ 5. J. (2013). COMMUNITY'S PERCEPTION OF ELDERLY ABUSE (Rep.). UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK. Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences 6. Jamaluddin, S. Z., Chuan, G. C., & Taher, M. A. (2015). Strategies in the Prevention or Reduction of Elder Abuse in Bangladesh and Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 42-48. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.333 7. Preventing and Addressing Elder Abuse [PDF]. (2017, July). Health in Aging Foundation. 8. Socio-Drama Tackling Ageism, Preventing Abuse (2015). Elder abuse context and theory. 9. Violence in Families. (1998). doi:10.17226/5285 10. Zaharah, S., Jamaluddin, B., Ching, G., & Abu, M. (2015). Strategies in the prevention or reduction of Elder Abuse in. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 42–48 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.333

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QUESTIONNAIRE FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Universiti Teknologi Mara We the students of the faculty of Chemical Engineering would like to know the awareness about elder abuse in Selangor society. We do not know whether the old people experience elder abuse or not because sometimes they hide the fact. A key aim of this project is to collect information about the awareness of the public towards elder abuse. It is intended that the findings will be publicly available to a wide range of both communities and individuals, who may be seeking assistance in relation to elder abuse. The data will be kept confidential. Please return the completed questionnaire to the respective member. Please check mark (√) next to the word or phrase that best matches your response.

1.Gender

2. Age Male Female

Under 30 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 – 60 Over 61

3. Who do you live with? (several answers are possible) Own family Family in law Caretaker Others : 4. Marital Status Married Divorced Single Prefer not to say

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5. Have you ever heard the term "elder abuse"? Yes No

7. Do you share about elder abuse with your family or friends? Yes No Not applicable 9. If you staying with elders, do elders always give burden to you? Yes No Not applicable

6. Do you think elders abuse occur in Selangor? Yes No 8. Do you think “elder abuse” can be considered as a crime, same as ‘child abuse”? Yes No

10. Should elder abuser be punished? Yes No

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For this question below, you may place an X as many boxes as you think appropriate.

11. For you, what counted as elders? Persons who are older than you Persons who are disabled Persons whose age over 65 years old only Persons who are physically old Person who are old and married person Others : _____________ (please specify)

12. Who need to take about elders’ welfare? Welfare house Themselves Their children Community Government. Others : ______________ (please specify)

13. Why does “elder abuse” always under- 14. Which kind of abuse an elder might reported? experience? Considered as ‘small thing’ (non Physical abuse serious cases) Afraid to report to authorities Financial abuse Embarrassment Emotional abuse Considered as ‘family matters' Sexual abuse Others : ______________ (please Neglect specify) Others : 15. What are the examples of financial abuse to 16. Who do you picture as the person or persons you? who are responsible for the abuse? Pressuring or forcing to give money Using credit card without their knowledge Misusing power of attorney Others :

Spouse Friends Paid caregiver Stranger Neighbors Someone else :

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Please rank the following items by ticking labelling from 1-most preferred to 5-least preferred.

17. Why do you think that elders always 18. Rank these characteristics that elder abuse experience any form of abuse by the others? victim might have Asking for money Suffering from cognitive impairment (e.g dementia, Alzheimer) Lack of technological savvy Physical frail or limited Being too trusting

Weak Disabled Poor Rich Lonely

19. What are the age range of the elder that is 20. Rank these punishment that is the most commonly being abused? suitable for elder abuser Under 50 51 – 60 61 – 70 71 – 80 Over 80

Jail Pay Fine Community Service Rehab Caning

21. Rank those who need to take care about elders’ welfare? Welfare house Themselves Their son Community Government.

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Indicate your feeling about the following items by ticking (/) on the appropriate box.

Strongly Disagree

No

22.

Most of the abusers are males.

23.

Most children changed attitude after they have married

24.

Most of the abusers are their own children.

25.

26.

Somewhat Disagree

Neither Disagree or Agree

Somewhat Strongly Agree Agree

Abuse not only physical but emotional, neglect and financial also categorized as abuse. Most of the citizens who saw elder being abused in public will considered that is family matter

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Please answer the questions below with your own word. 27. Do you have any intention to send your elders to welfare house? Why? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

28. If you see this case happens in public, what would you do? and why? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

29. In your opinion, what do you think is the best way to overcome elder abuse problem. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

30. Please give your comment / opinion/ suggestion on the topic. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION.

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