Essay Esp Writing Rusydina.docx

The Impact of Pb (Lead) Exposure on Health Rusydina Nahjan - 201610330311003

The high number and types of vehicles show the progress and development in the field of transportation. Emissions from exhaust gases cause high air pollution. Motor vehicle fumes are the largest source of air pollution, especially in Jakarta. The pollutants are contained in air pollution in Jakarta contain 73% nitrogen oxide, 89% hydrocarbons, 44% particles, 100% Pb (Plumbum) or commonly called the lead. One of the hazardous elements in this emission of exhaust gases is the Pb element found in gasoline. Incomplete combustion results from gasoline fuel makes the Pb element released freely in the air. Released Pb particles through two ways that will provide different symptoms and clinical signs. The following will explain the two different ways of exposure of Pb and its appearance to the health of the body. First, Pb exposure is acute. Symptoms of stomach and intestinal disorders such as abdominal cramps, colic, and usually begins with constipation will be generated after a while Pb is inhaled through the air. It also arises nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Neurological

disorders such as confusion, headaches, coma, fainting, and chaotic thoughts, as well as oliguria or small urine production are among the earliest signs of kidney failure. Second, chronic exposure of Pb is usually exposed as a result of running work activities. This exposure runs slowly. Disorders of the stomach and intestines, fatigue, lethargy, and irritability are the beginning of chronic poisoning of Pb. Continuous exposure to the central nervous system results in symptoms such as reduced concentration, confusion, insomnia, chaotic thoughts, and memory disorders. Exposure to low amounts of substances has had an impact such as the inability to follow simple commands, mind disorder is usually confusion, and

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Now many studies have shown that there is a persistent, low-grade neurobehavioral effect on Pb. If a person is exposed to Pb levels greater than 20 ppm (part per million) is generally less capable in vocabulary and grammatical thinking. It also shows a lack of coordination between the hands and the eyes and is often slow in reacting. Children who are exposed to Pb exposure chronically typically have trouble spelling reading and spelling skills, the ability to play a role in a group, and the ability to follow simple and ordered commands. Other symptoms arising from chronic exposure to Pb are loss of libido, male infertility, menstrual disorders, and spontaneous abortion in women. Pb that passes through the placenta during pregnancy can cause death and toxicity. When it tested neurologically, it was found that there was a weakened state in the extensor muscles of the distal part of the body. Exposure to Pb (lead) both acutely and chronically has the same impact on health problems. The impact of Pb exposure is not visible directly, but Pb who has been inhaled through the air will be accumulated into the organs of the body for a long time. For prevention efforts that is by reducing the exposure of Pb, especially for people who are at high risk of exposure to Pb such as children, pregnant women, traffic police, industrial workers who use and produce waste Pb. In addition, it is necessary to monitor the environment and the use of fuel without Pb is an alternative that is expected to be realized soon.

References Riyadina, Woro. (1997). Pengaruh Pencemaran Pb (Plumbum) bagi Kesehatan. Pusat Penelitian Penyakit Tidak Menular : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Depkes RI, VII, 3-4