Day 2 Workplace Environment Assesment.ppt

WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT (WEA)

WORKPLACE

ENVIRONMENT

ASSESSMENTS

- HELPS PREVENT INJURIES AND ILLNESS. - IT IS NOTHING MORE THAN A CAREFUL EXAMINATION OF WHAT, IN YOUR WORK, COULD CAUSE HARM TO PEOPLE SO THAT YOU CAN WEIGH UP WHETHER YOU HAVE TAKEN ENOUGH PRECAUTION OR SHOULD DO MORE TO PREVENT THEM. .

Cause of ACCIDENT AND ILL HEALTH - RUIN

LIVES AND AFFECTS YOUR BUSINESS TOO

. IF; - OUTPUT IS LOST, - MACHINERY IS DAMAGED, - INSURANCE COST INCREASE OR -YOU HAVE TO GO TO COURT.

DOLE-BWC requirement; YOU ARE LEGALLY REQUIRED TO ASSESS THE RISK IN YOUR WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT and comply with the standard..

FIVE (5) STEPS OF WEA

STEP 1

SELECTION

SELECT AN AREA, TASK OR ACTIVITY Priorities should be given to areas, tasks, or activities with the potential of causing injury to personnel, damage to equipment or structures, loss of material, or reduction of ability to perform a prescribed function, based on:

 Past experience (e.g. accidents, near misses, complaints)  Concerns Expressed By Staff  Requirements of Philippine Legislation or company’s policies and procedures (e.g. workplace changes)

 Request from the various Health and Safety Teams, etc.

STEP 2

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Do know the hazard, you can assess or control the risk it will create if not attended.

The types of hazards in a workplace can be group as follows : •BIO-CHEMICAL AND POSTURAL Example: •Repetitive body movements for more than 1 hour at a time. Reaching forward more than 30 cm away from body. •Body twisting or bending while handling materials.

Unbalanced or uneven lifting or carrying. •Awkward grip on objects being handled (e.g. shifting, smooth, slippery)

•PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND WORKPLACE DESIGN Example:

•Obstacles in passageways, near equipment, risk of collision with stationary objects, etc. Inadequate work platforms, stairs, ladders, guardrails, harnesses, etc for work at height. •Exposure to harmful noise levels. Mismatch between plant, workplace, activity or task and use r physical characteristics (height, strength, speed, mobility, fitness, etc). •Body parts coming in contact with hot components during testing, inspection, operation, maintenance, cleaning or repair.

•MECHANICAL Example:

•Hair, clothing, jewelry, rags, etc., liable to become entangled in moving components. Uncontrolled or unexpected movement of machinery, components, work pieces vehicles or loads.

•Body parts coming in contact with moving, sharp, hot, or "live” components during testing, inspection, operation, maintenance, cleaning or repair. •Persons or body parts trapped or sheared between moving component & fixed plant, materials or structures. Persons being injured by damaged, poorly maintained or unguarded equipment (including electrical).

•ELECTRICAL Example: •Contact with "live” components during testing, inspection, operation, maintenance, cleaning or repair. •Contact with overhead power lines. •Contact with underground power cables.

•Explosion or ignition of electrical components, etc. •Unauthorized access to electrical services, switchboards, controls, etc.

•CHEMICALS AND TOXICITY Example: Explosion or ignition of gases vapors liquids, dusts, etc. Exposure to toxic concentrations of chemicals (skin, inhalation, ingestion, etc). Exposure to oxygen-depleted atmospheres. •Damage to gas lines, compressed gas cylinders, chemical storage containers, etc.

•BIOLOGICAL AND HUMAN Example: Exposure to venomous or dangerous animals. Exposure to toxic natural substances (plant, mushrooms, gases, etc).

•Exposure to (potentially) infectious substances. •Accidental collision with another person. •Assault by another person.

•ORGANIZATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL ARRANGEMENTS Example: Insufficient first-aid equipment or trained personnel. Insufficient evacuation, emergency or rescue planning and facilities. Access to hazardous equipment by unauthorized or untrained people.

Insufficient job rotation, rest breaks. Inappropriate, insufficient or poorly maintained personal protective equipment.

•PSYCHO-SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT AND TASK DESIGN Example: Insufficient consideration given to the probability of human error and its consequences. Mismatch between task demands and workers'/people's behavior or capabilities. Insufficient consideration given to consultation prior to workplace changes.

•NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Example: Drowning. Persons becoming lost or ill in remote locations. Exposure to extreme environmental conditions (hot, cold, dry, wet, snowy, stormy, etc). Possibility of tree limbs falling.

Lightning in exposed locations.

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES •PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE •SCENARIO CREATION TECHNIQUE •WHAT IF TECHNIQUE

•INTERVIEW TECHNIQUE •CAUSE AND EFFECT TECHNIQUE •TRAINING REALISM ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE

•ACCIDENT/INCIDENT INVESTIGATION TECHNIQUE

- CAUSE FACTORS OF ACCIDENT Human Error Material Failures Equipment Malfunction Environmental Conditions

- ROOT SOURCE Individual Failure

Leader Failure Training Failure Standard Failure

Support Failure

STEP 3

RISK ASSESSMENT

Risk assessments are based on 2 factors:

FREQUENCY SEVERITY

EXPOSURE FREQUENCY

RISK

PROBABILITY

SEVERITY

FREQUENCY The likely frequency of harm is itself based on 2 considerations: •EXPOSURE

•PROBABILITY

Extraordinary

Exceptional

Infrequent

Could Occur

Occasional

Might Occur

Frequent

Probable

Routine

Expected

Exposure Extraordinary Infrequent Occasional Frequent Routine

Exceptional Rare Rare Unlikely Unlikely Possible

Probability Could Might Probable Occur Occur Rare Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely Possible Unlikely Possible Possible Possible Possible Likely Possible Likely Likely Frequency

Expected Possible Possible Likely Likely Nearly Certain

SEVERITY The likely severity of harm relates to the worst injury that would normally be expected to result from an accident involving the hazard under assessment. It must take into consideration the profile of the people likely to be exposed to the hazard. It does not include the possibility for freak events or far-fetched scenarios. Insignificant: no injury (mishap, near-miss) Minor: first-aid treatment only Moderate: medical treatment required Serious: serious eye, head or spinal injury; permanent partial disability Catastrophic: permanent total disability, death(s)

RISK FREQUENCY SEVERITY

NEARLY CERTAIN Insignificant Disregard Very Low Low Medium Significant Minor Very Low Low Medium Significant High Moderate Low Medium Significant High High Serious Medium Significant High High Extreme Catastrophic Significant High High Extreme Extreme RISK RARE

UNLIKELY POSSIBLE

LIKELY

3 TYPES OF RISK ASSESSMENT 1. QUICK RISK ASSESSMENT Used when the task or activity to be performed is simple or straightforward and there is little time available for planning. It involves mental application and is best used at individual level to deal with changing situations or environments.

2. DELIBERATE RISK ASSESSMENT Used for tasks or activities that are moderately complex or with significant risks. Time is available for planning and detailed co-ordination is required to ensure smooth execution of the tasks/activities.

3. IN-DEPTH RISK ASSESSMENT Used when the tasks or activities involved are complex, large scale or high risks. It requires input from subject matter experts and amble time is available for detailed planning and co-ordination, which may involve several parties. The task or activity is normally forecasted and is executed well after 48 hours from the time of planning.

STEP 4

RISK CONTROL OPTIONS & DECISIONS

1. Urgent action is required for risks assessed as extreme. The actions required may include: instructions for the immediate end of the work, process, activity, etc. isolation of the hazard until more permanent measures can be implemented.

2. Documented control plans with responsibilities and completion dates are required for high and significant risks. 3. The risk control hierarchy ranks risk control measures in decreasing order of effectiveness. Risk control measures should always aim as high in the list as practicable.

Control of any given risk generally involves a number of measures drawn from the various options (except if option 1 is selected).

RISK CONTROL HIERARCHY •Elimination of hazard

•Substitution of hazard •Engineering controls •Administrative controls •Personal protective equipment

REMINDER: •Create as much risk control options as possible and then select those that best control risks without significantly impeding the operations objectives. • finding the proper balance between risk control and mission needs.

Risk decision making Requirement •should be made at the appropriate level - high enough to tap the experience and responsibility of those making the decision, and low enough to give personnel growth.

RISK CONTROL IMPLEMENTATION •Integrate controls into standard operating procedures, operational plans, operational directives, lesson plans, training directives or instructions. • must be effectively communicated to all especially those responsible for implementing the controls.

personnel,

STEP 5

SUPERVISION & EVALUATION

•To assure effective effort in supervision of risk controls •provide feedback on the effectiveness of risk controls.

SUMMARY

Step 1 Selection

Step 5 Supervise & Evaluate

The 5-steps Workplace Environment Assessment

Step 4 Risk Control

Step2 Hazard Identification

Step 3 Risk Assessment

THANK YOU !!!