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Eª½-Jn ¢-Íä¢-Ÿ¿ÕÂ¹× “X¾¦µ¼ÕÅŒy …Ÿîu-’¹Õ-©Â¹× …¢œÄ-LqÊ ©Â¹~-ºÇ-©ÊÕ “¤Ä«Ö-º-ÂË ¹¢’à B®¾Õ-¹ׯä Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ …¢C. ’¹«Õ-E¢Íä «áÈu ©Â¹~-ºÇ©Õ... 1. £¾Ý¢ŸÄ’à Ÿ¿Õ®¾Õh©Õ: £¾Ý¢ŸÄ’à …¢œä©Ç, ®¾«Ö-èÇ-EÂË ‚Ÿ¿-ª½z-F-§ŒÕ¢’à …¢œä©Ç ª½ÖX¾¢, Ÿ¿Õ®¾Õh© Æ©¢-¹-ªº½ …¢ŸÄ? (¦ðª½Õf ®¾¦µ¼Õu©ðx ®¾Ÿ-G¿ -“µ ¤Ä-§ŒÖEo „çá{d-„çá-Ÿ{¿ ¹Lp¢Íä Æ¢¬Á-NÕC). Æ¢Ÿ¿Õê Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ©n Õ ÅÃ«á ƒ¢{ª½Öyu ªîVÊ ŸµJ¿ ¢Íä Ÿ¿Õ®¾Õh© ª½¢’¹Õ©Õ, ÆN ¬ÁK-ªÃ-EÂË Ê¤Äp§ŒÖ ƯäC èÇ“’¹-ÅŒh’à ֮͌¾Õ-Âî-„ÃL. Pªî-èÇ© Æ«Õ-J¹, „䮾Õ-¹ׯä ÍçX¾Ûp©Õ, ¦Ö{Õx, *«-JÂË èä¦Õ©ð åX˜äd ¹©¢... ƒ«Fo Â¹ØœÄ X¾ªî-¹~¢’à ¦ðª½Õf ®¾¦µ¼Õu©ðx ÅíL ÆGµ-“¤Ä-§ŒÖEo \ª½p-ª½Õ-²Ähªá. 2. N†¾§ŒÕ Æ«-’Ã-£¾ÇÊ: „çáÊošË “’¹ÖXýÐ2 ƒ¢{-ª½Öy© ÊÕ¢* Ʀµ¼uJn Æ«-’Ã-£Ç¾ Ê ¬ÁÂËh-åXjÊ ¦ðª½Õf Ÿ¿%†Ïd ‡Â¹×ˆ-«’à åXšËd¢C. N†¾§ŒÕ¢ \Ÿç¯j à ÂÃE-«y¢œËРƦµ¼uJn ŸÄEo ‡©Ç “’¹£ÏÇ¢-ÍÃ-œ¯¿ ä Æ¢¬Ç-EÂË ÆCµÂ¹ “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ƒ*a Eª½-§ g ŒÖ-EÂË «®¾Õh-Êo{Õx Åç©Õ-²òh¢C. *Â̩¹

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Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ …¢C. ¦ðª½Õ©f ð …Êo ®¾¦µ¼Õu©Õ Šê N†¾§ŒÕ¢ OÕŸ¿ ª½Â¹-ª-½ é ÂîºÇ©ðx „çÊÕ-„ç¢-{¯ä ÆœËê’ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Á-«á¢C. ŠAh-œEË åX¢Íä¢-Ÿ¿ÕÂ¹× ¦ðª½Õf ¨ NŸµ¿¢’à “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao¢-Í-«Œ ÍŒÕa. * OÕ •„Ã¦Õ ®¾¢ÅŒ%-XÏh-¹-ª½¢’à ©äŸ¿Õ (EèÇ-EÂË „ê½Õ ®¾¢ÅŒ%XÏh Íç¢C-«Û¢-œ-« ¿ ÍŒÕa). * ’¹š’Ëd à ÍçX¾p¢œË (¦ðª½Õf ®¾¦µ¼Õuœ¿Õ ¹JÊ ¸ „çÕÊi ’í¢ÅŒÕÅî, „ç᣾Ǣ ®ÔJ-§ÕŒ -®ý’à åXšËd ÆÊ-«ÍŒÕa) * ŠÂ¹ ®¾¦µ¼ÕuE “X¾¬ÁoÂ¹× ®¾«Ö-ŸµÄÊ¢ X¾Üª½h-«y-¹-«á¢Ÿä «Õªî ®¾¦µ¼Õuœ¿Õ “X¾Po¢-Í-« Œ ÍŒÕa. * 'OÕª½Õ ÍçXÏp¢C ¦Ç’î ©äŸ¿Õ. OÕ «Ö“ÅŒ¢ Â¹ØœÄ ÅçL-§ÕŒ ŸÄ?Ñ Æ¯íÍŒÕa. * '\¢šË, ÂÃXÔ ÂíšËd ªÃÅŒ X¾K¹~ ¤Ä®¾-§Ö Œ uªÃ?Ñ ÆE Â¹ØœÄ Æœ¿-’¹-«ÍŒÕa. «ÕÊ ªÃ†¾Z “X¾ŸµÄÊ ‡Eo¹© ÆCµ-ÂÃJ Ưä¹ ŠAh@ÁÙ} ‡Ÿ¿Õ-ªíˆ¢{Ö Â¹ØœÄ ‡©Ç «u«-£Ç¾ -J¢-ÍÃªî ’¹«Õ-Eæ®h ÍéÕ, OÕ ¤Ä“ÅŒ \NÕšð OÕÂ¹× Æª½-„n çÕ-¤i òŌբC. 4. ®¾£¾ÇÊ¢: “X¾ÂìÁ¢ >©Çx©ð ŠÂ¹ ®ÔE-§ÕŒ ªý ÆCµ-ÂÃ-JE ŠÂ¹ ªÃ•-§ -Ì ŒÕ-¯Ã-§ŒÕ-¹ל¿Õ X¾ª½Õ†¾ X¾ŸÄ-©Åî E¢C¢-ÍÃ-ªE½ OÕœË-§ŒÖ©ð «*a¢C. ÂÃF ‚ ÆCµ-ÂÃJ ŠÂ¹ˆ «Ö{ Â¹ØœÄ X¾ª½Õ-†¾¢’à «ÖšÇx-œ-©¿ Ÿä ¿Õ. ¹*a-ÅŒ¢’à ƒŸä ©Â¹~º¢ …Ÿîu-’¹Õ©ðx …¢œÄL. ƒ©Ç¢šË ’¹Õº¢ Ʀµ¼u-J©n ð …¢ŸÄ ©äŸÄ ÆE ¦ðª½Õf X¾J-Q-L¢-Í{Œ ¢ ®¾æ£Ç-Ōչ¢. ¦ðª½Õ©f ð ÂíEo ÂíEo ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªÃs´©ðx ¦µÇ„î-Ÿäy-’Ã©Â¹× ’¹Õª½§äÕu “X¾«Ö-Ÿ-«¿ á¢C. ÂÃF Ʀµ¼uJn „ÚËE ¦§ŒÕ-{-Xœ-¾ -F¿ -§ŒÕ-¹עœÄ E§ŒÕ¢-“A¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL. ‡¢ÅŒ ¦ÇŸµ¿ ¹L-T¢Íä N†¾-§ŒÕ-„çÕ¯i Ã, ÂîX¾¢ ÅçÍäa N†¾-§ŒÕ-„çÕ¯i à Ʀµ¼uJn ÅŒÊ £¾ÇŸ¿Õ©l ðx ÅÃÊÕ¢-œÄL. *¦ðª½Õf

®¾¦µ¼Õu©Õ ’í¢ÅŒÕ ²Änªá åX¢*¯Ã, Ʀµ¼uJn ®¾yª½¢ «Ö“ÅŒ¢ Šê ²Änªá©ð …¢œÄL. «Ö{©ðx «Õ%Ÿ¿ÕÅŒy¢ Âî©ðp-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. *¦ðª½Õf ®¾¦µ¼Õu©Õ E¢C¢-*¯Ã (ŠAhœË ¹©-’¹-è-§ ä ŒÕ{¢ Â„äÕ) ¦µÇ„î-Ÿäy-’Ã-©Â¹× ©ðÊ-«y-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. ’¹ÅŒ¢©ð ‹ Ʀµ¼u-JEn ŠAh-œÂË Ë ÅŒ{Õd-Âî-©Âä ¹ ¹@Á}-F@ÁÙ} åX{Õd¹ׯÃoª½E ÍçX¾Û-Åê½Õ. *OÕÂ¹× «uA-êª-¹¢’à «ÖšÇx-œÊ Ë «Ö{-©ÊÕ ®¾ÕEo-ÅŒ¢’à Aª½-®¾ˆ-J¢-ÍÃL. 5. EèÇ-ªáB: “X¾¦µ¼ÕÅŒy …ŸîuT EèÇ-ªá-B’à …¢˜ä¯ä «u«®¾n ͌¹ˆ-¦-œ¿ÕÅ- ŒÕ¢C. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-©ðÊÖ “’¹ÖXýÐ1 ²Änªá …Ÿîu-’¹Õ©Õ EèÇ-ªá-B’à …¢˜ä NÕ’¹Åà …Ÿîu-’¹Õ©Õ EèÇ-ªá-B’à …¢œä Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ ’¹º-F-§ŒÕ¢’à åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-Åêá. Ʀµ¼uJn EèÇ-§ŒÕ-BE ¦ðª½Õf ‡©Ç X¾J-Q-L-®¾Õh¢Ÿî ’¹«Õ-EŸÄl¢. * Ʀµ¼uJn ÅŒÊ ÅŒX¾Ûp ÅÃÊÕ Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-ÂíE, ®¾J-C-Ÿ¿Õ-Âl ¹×¯ä ‚©ð-Í-Ê Œ ©ð …¯ÃoœÄ ©äŸÄ? * ÅÃÊÕ X¾šÊ Ëd ¹עŸä-šÂË Ë «âœä ÂÃ@ÁÙ} ÆE ¦ÕÂÃ-ªá-®¾Õh-¯ÃoœÄ? * åXjåXj Ê{-ÊÅî «ÖšÇx-œ¿Õ-ÅŒÕ-¯ÃoœÄ? ©ä¹ «u¹h¢ Í䮾ÕhÊo ¦µÇ„Ã©Õ £¾Ç%Ÿ¿¢-Å-ªŒ Ã-@Ç© ÊÕ¢* «®¾Õh-¯Ão§ŒÖ?

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6. ¦©-£ÔÇ-Ê-Å©Œ Õ: ¦©-£ÔÇ-Ê-Å©Œ Õ ©äE «uÂËh ‡«ª½Ö …¢œ¿ª½Õ. «Õ£¾É-ÅÃt-’âDµ å®jÅŒ¢ ÅŒÊ ¦©-£ÔÇ-Ê-Å-©Œ ÊÕ Åïä ÍçX¾Ûp-¹×-¯Ãoª½Õ. Âù-¤òÅä “’¹ÖXýÐ1 ²Änªá ©Ç¢šË …Ÿîu-’Ã-©Â¹× ‡¢XÏ-¹§äÕu„ÃJ©ð ÅŒÊ ¦©-£ÇÔ -Ê-Å-©Œ ÊÕ ÅÃ¯ä ¦§ŒÕ-{-åX-{Õd-¹ׯä '¦©-£ÔÇ-ÊÅŒÑ …¢œ¿Â- ¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. ‡¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹¢˜ä „ÚËÅî ƒÅŒ-ª½Õ©Õ ©Gl´ ¤ñ¢Ÿä “X¾«Ö-Ÿ-«¿ á¢C. *'“X¾¦µ¼ÕÅŒy …Ÿîu-’Ã-EÂË °ÅŒ¢ ÍŒÖ®Ï ªÃ«{¢ ©äŸ¿Õ. ©¢ÍÃ©Õ Â¹ØœÄ Âí¢ÅŒ-«-ªÂ½ ¹Ø ÊÊÕo “X¾¦µÇ-NÅŒ¢ Íä¬ÇªáÑ *'¯Ã ¹שÇEo ¦Ç’à ƺË-*„ä¬Çª½Õ. ŸÄEo …Ÿ¿-Jl´ ¢-Íé¯ä ‚¬Á-§ŒÕ¢Åî ÆCµ-ÂÃJE ÂÄÃ-©E ÆÊÕ-¹ע-{Õ-¯ÃoÊÕÑ *'«Ö ƒ¢šË X¾Â¹ˆÊ ‚ªý-š‹ Ì …¢œä-„ê½Õ. ‚§ŒÕ-ÊÂ¹× Ÿ¿Â¹×ˆ-ÅŒÕÊo ’õª½«¢, «Íäa-¤ò§äÕ ÆCµ-ÂÃ-ª½Õ©Õ... ƒ«Fo ÊÊÕo “æXêª-XÏ¢-ÍêáÑ. *'¯ÃÂ¹× ¦¢Ÿµ¿Õ “XÔA Âí¢Íç¢ ‡Â¹×ˆ„äÑ ƒ©Ç¢šË „ÃuÈu©Õ ¦©-£ÔÇ-Ê-Å-©Œ ÊÕ ¦§ŒÕ-{-åX-˜„äd .ä ƒšÌ-«© •J-TÊ ŠÂ¹ ƒ¢{-ª½Öyu©ð ¦ðª½Õf ®¾¦µ¼Õuœ¿Õ 'E•¢ ÍçXp¾ ¢œË. ¨ …Ÿîu’¹¢ ¤ñ¢Ÿ¿{¢ ŸÄyªÃ OÕ Â¹×©¢©ð ¦Ç’à «ª½-¹{o¢ «®¾Õh¢C ¹ŸÄ? Æ¢Ÿ¿Õê ¨ …Ÿîu’¹¢ ªÃ’ïä åXR} OÕª½Õ Í䮾Õ-¹ע-šÇª½Õ ¹ŸÖ¿ ?Ñ ÆE “X¾Po¢-Íê½Õ. «ª½-¹{o¢ åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-Ōբ-Ÿ-¯¿ Cä ®¾£¾Ç• N†¾§ŒÕ¢. ®¾«Ö• ©Â¹~º¢. DEo È¢œË¢-ÍÃ-LqÊ/ Aª½-®¾ˆ-J¢-ÍÃ-LqÊ Æ«-®ª¾ ½¢ ©äŸ¿Õ. '»ÊÕ ®¾ªý, åXJê’ Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ …¢CÑ ÆE ÍçX¾p-{¢©ð ÅŒX¾Ûp-©Ÿä ¿Õ. Ʀµ¼u-JÂn Ë Â¹{o¢ B®¾Õ-Âî-„Ã-©¯ä ‚©ð-ÍÊŒ …¯Ão Æ©Ç¢-šCË «u¹h¢ Í䧌Õ-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. '¯ÃÂ¹× Æ¢Ÿ¿-„çÕÊi Æ«Ötªá ÂÄÃ-©Ñ¯î, '®¾¢“X¾-ŸÄ§ŒÕ ¦Ÿ¿-„l´ çÕÊi Æ«Ötªá ÂÄÃ-©Ñ¯î ÍçX¾p-«-Íäa„çÖ ‚©ð-*¢-ÍŒ¢œË. 7. 殫.. 殫: “X¾¦µ¼Õ-Åîy-Ÿîu-T©ð ʪ½-Ê-ªÃ¯Ã °Jg¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„Ã-LqÊ Æ¢¬Á-NÕC. \ ¹~º¢©ð Â¹ØœÄ æ®„Ã ¦µÇ«ÊÊÕ OÕ £¾Ç%Ÿ¿§ŒÕ¢ ÊÕ¢* ¤òE-«y-¹¢œË. ¨ ƒ¢{ª½Öyu “XÏX-ê¾ ª-†¯¾ þ ÆEo ªîV©Ö '¯äÊÕ ÆCµ-ÂÃ-J-¯Åjç ä \§äÕ æ®«-©ÊÕ “X¾•-©Â¹× Æ¢C¢-Í-’Œ ¹-©ÊÕÑ ÆE OÕ X¾J-NÕ-Ōթðx ‚©ð-*¢-ÍŒ¢œË. ¦ðª½Õf «Ÿ¿l Â¹ØœÄ ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªîs´-*-ÅŒ¢’à OÕ æ®„Ã Ÿ¿%¹p-ŸÄ± Eo «uÂÌh-¹-J¢-Í-«Œ ÍŒÕa. 8. NʧŒÕ¢: ¦Öuªî-“¹®Ô X¾Û¯Ã-Ÿ¿Õ©ä 'NʧŒÕ¢, åXj ÆCµ-ÂÃ-ª½Õ-©åXj ’õª½«¢Ñ Ưä Æ¢¬Ç©ðx ƒNÕ-œ-«Ë Û-¯Ãoªá. ¦ðª½Õf ƒX¾Ûpœ¿Õ OÕ …Êo-ÅÃ-C-µ Ã-ª½Õ-©ÊÕ-ÂË. èÇ“’¹-ÅŒh’à «u«-£¾Ç-J¢-ÍŒ¢œË. ®¾¦µ¼Õu©Õ æ®o£¾Ç-X¾Ü-ª½y-¹¢’à …¯Ão-ªE½ Æ©Õ®¾Õ B®¾Õ-Âî-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ ¹ŸÄ. ‡X¾p-š-ÂË ¹-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ ’õª½-«¢’à ®¾¢¦ðCµ®¾Öh, ®¾«Ö-ŸµÄ-¯Ã©Õ ƒ«y¢œË. NÊ-§ŒÕ-«Õ¢˜ä ÂÃÂà X¾{œd ¿¢ Âß¿E ’¹«Õ-E¢-ÍÃL. 9. ¤ñ’¹œ¿h Âß¿Õ, “X¾¬Á¢®¾: “’¹ÖXýÐ2 ƒ¢{-ª½Öyu©ðx ÊÖÅŒÊ ƒ¢{ª½Öyu NŸµÄÊ¢ ‡©Ç …¢C? ÂíÅŒh ®Ï©-¦-®ýåXj ÆGµ-“¤Ä-§ŒÖ©Õ \NÕ-{E ¦ðª½Õ©f Õ ÍéÇ-«Õ¢C Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ-©n ÊÕ “X¾Po¢-Íêá. Âí¢Ÿ¿ª½Õ £¾Ý¢ŸÄ’à “X¾¬Á¢-®Ï¢-Íê½Õ. Âí¢ÅŒ-«Õ¢C 'œ¿¦ÇsÑ ÂíšÇdª½Õ. X¶L¾ -ÅÃ©Õ Â¹ØœÄ Æ¢Ÿ¿ÕÂ¹× ÆÊÕ-¹ة¢-’Ã¯ä «ÍÃaªá.

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éÂ-Kªý -ƒ-¯þ®-{Ïd Öu-šü ¨²ÄJ “’¹ÖXýÐ1 ƒ¢{ª½Öyu ¦ðª½Õ©f ð X¾¯ço¢œ¿Õ «Õ¢C ®¾¦¼µÕu©Õ …¢œ¿-¦ð-ÅŒÕ-¯Ãoª½Õ. Oª½¢-ŸJ¿ «á¢Ÿ¿Ö ‚ÅŒt-N-¬Çy-®¾¢Åî £¾Ý¢ŸÄ’à “X¾«-Jh®¾Öh 20 ENÕ-³Ä©ðx ®¾æ£Ç-ÅŒÕ-¹-„çÕÊi ®¾«Ö-ŸÄµ -¯Ã-©ÊÕ ÍçXÏp „çÕXÏp¢-Í-«Œ -©®Ï …¢{Õ¢C. Æ©Ç-’¹E ƒŸç¢Åî ¹†-²¾d Ä-Ÿµ¿u-«ÕE ¦µ¼§ŒÕX¾-œ-¿ ¹×¢œÄ, „ê½¢Åà NÕ“ÅŒÕ-©-Êä E ¦µÇN¢ÍÃL. ƒ¢{-ª½Öyu©ð Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ©n Õ EèÇ-ªá-B’à ®¾«Ö-ŸµÄ-¯Ã©Õ Íç¤ÄpL. ÅçL-§ŒÕ-Ê-˜Åãkx ä ŸÄEo ŠX¾Ûp-Âî-„ÃL. Æ¢Åä-ÂÃF ÅçL-§ŒÕEC ÅçL-®-ÊÏ -{Õx’à ÍçXÏp '¦xX¶ýÑ Í䧌Õ-¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ. ƒ¢{ª½Öyu ƯäC ê«©¢ ®¾¦µ¼Õu©Õ ÆœËê’ “X¾¬Áo-©-Eo¢-šÂË Ì ®¾«Ö-ŸµÄ-¯Ã©Õ ÍçX¾pœ¿¢ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ Âß¿Õ. EèÇ-ªá-B’à 'ÅçL-§ŒÕŸ¿ÕÑ ÆE Æ¢U-¹J¢*¯Ã «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ƒ²Äh-ªE½ ’¹Õª½Õh¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL. ƒ¢{ª½ÖyuÊÕ Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ©n «âJh-«ÕÅŒy (Personality)X¾K-¹~’à «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ ’¹ÕJh¢-ÍÃL. Æ¢˜ä ŠÂ¹ “’¹ÖXý «¯þ ÆCµ-ÂÃ-JÂË …¢œ¿-«-©-®Ê Ï ©Â¹~-ºÇ©Õ …¯Ão§ŒÖ ©ä„à Ưä Â-©ð¯ä Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ-©n ÊÕ X¾K-ÂË~-²Ähª½Õ. Ʀµ¼u-ª½Õ©n X¾J-Q-©¯Ã ²Ä«Õª½nu¢ (Observation), ®¾«Õ-§ŒÕ-®¾Öp´Jh (Timeliness),¬ÇK-ªÂ½ ¹ ¹Ÿ-L¿ -¹-©ÊÕ (body language), «áÈ Â¹«-R-¹-©ÊÕ “X¾ŸµÄ-Ê¢’à X¾J-Q-L-²Ähª½Õ. *“’¹ÖXýÐ1-©ðE

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®¾¢Â~î-¦µ¼-„-@ä Á ®¾éªÊj ÂÕq.. ‡¢.‡-®ý.-‰.šË. ¨ \œÄC H˜ãÂú ©äŸÄ H¨ X¾ÜJh-Í-®ä ¾Õ-¹×E ¦§ŒÕ-{Â¹× «²òhÊo ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× …Ÿîu-’é «Ö骈šü X¾J-®AÏn \«Ö“ÅŒ¢ ‚¬Ç-•-Ê-¹¢’à ©äŸ¿Õ. ¨ X¾J-®-ÅÏn ŒÕ©ðx „ÃJ-¹×Êo “X¾ŸµÄÊ “X¾ÅÃu-«Öo§ŒÕ¢... ¤ò®¾Õd “’Ãœ¿Õu-§äÕ-†¯¾ þ Í䧌Õ-œ„¿ äÕ. ‰‰-š©Ì ÅŒªÃyÅŒ XÔ° ÂÕq-©Â¹× æXª½ÕÊo ®¾¢®¾©n Õ ‰‰-‰-š©Ì Õ. å£jÇŸ¿-ªÃ-¦Ç-Ÿþ-©ðE ƒ¢{-êªo-†-ʾ ©ü ƒE-®-{Ïd Öušü ‚X¶ý ƒÊp´-êªt-†¯¾ þ ˜ãÂÃo-©° (‰‰-‰šÌ), èä‡-¯þšÌ§Œâ, ‚¢“Ÿµ,¿ ¡„ä¢-¹-˜-¬ä Áyª½, …²Ät-E§ŒÖ Ñ«-Jq-š©Ì Õ ®¾¢§Œá-¹h¢’à Eª½y-£ÏÇ-²òhÊo «Ö®¾ªd ý ‚X¶ý å®j¯þq ƒ¯þ ƒÊp´-êªt-†¯¾ þ ˜ãÂÃo-©° (‡¢.‡-®ý.-‰.šË.) ÂÕq «Õ¢* “X¾ÅÃu-«Öo§ŒÕ¢.

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…Ÿîu-’é «Ö骈šü ®¾¢Â~î-¦µ¼¢©ð …Êo “X¾®Õ¾ hÅŒ X¾J-®-ÅÏn ÕŒ -©ðxÊÖ ŸÄŸÄX¾Û 80 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ æXx®ý-„çÕ¢{Õx ²ÄCµ¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ ‡¢.‡-®ý.-‰.šË. “X¾Åäu-¹Å.Œ Æ„çÕ-J-ÂÃ-©ðE ÂÃéªoU „çթǯþ §ŒâE-«-JqšÌ (®Ô‡¢§Œâ) ®¾£Ç¾ -ÂÃ-ª½¢Åî ¨ ÂÕqÊÕ ª½Ö¤ñ¢-C¢*, Eª½y-£ÏÇ-®¾Õh¯- Ãoª½Õ. ®Ï©-¦®ý, ÂÕq ®¾OÕ¹~, ÆŸµÄuX¾-¹×-©Â¹× P¹~º N†¾-§ŒÖ©ðx ®Ô‡¢§Œâ ¤Ä©Õ-X¾¢-ÍŒÕ-¹ע-šð¢C. ÂÕq X¾Üª½h-§ŒÖu¹ ‡©Ç¢šË “X¾Åäu¹ P¹~º Æ«-®ª¾ ½¢ ©ä¹עœÄ ¯äª½Õ’à ¹¢åX-F©Õ Ʀµ¼uª½Õ-©n ÊÕ E§ŒÕ-NÕ¢-ÍŒÕ-¹ׯä KA©ð ¤Äª¸½u-“X¾-ºÇ-R-¹ÊÕ ÅŒ§ŒÖ-ª½Õ-Í-¬ä Ǫ½Õ. ²ÄX¶ý-®d ψ-©üq©ð P¹~º ªîW 11 ’¹¢{©Õ P¹~º Æ¢C¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢ ‡¢.‡-®ý.-‰.šË. «Õªî “X¾Åäu-¹Å.Œ ²ÄX¶ý-®d ψ-©üqÂ¹× ÆCµÂ¹ “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ƒ®¾Õh-¯Ãoª½Õ. ªîW 2 ’¹¢{©Õ ¨ P¹~-ºÂ¹× êšÇ-ªá¢-Í-œŒ „¿ äÕ DEÂË EŸ¿-ª½zÊ¢. ƒ¢Ÿ¿Õ©ð ¦µÇ’¹¢’à “’¹ÖXý œË®¾ˆ-†-¯¾ þ©Õ, “åXèã¢-˜-†ä -¯¾ þ©Õ, G>-¯®ç ý ¹«âu-E-êÂ-†¯¾ þ, ‡¢{-ªý-“åX-ÊÖu-ªý-†XÏ ý, G>-¯®ç ý åX¶¯j ïþq, ÅŒC-ŪŒ ½ Æ¢¬Ç©ðx ‚ÍŒ-ª-º½ Ç-ÅŒt¹ P¹~º ƒ²Ähª½Õ. NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ÅŒ«ÕÂ¹× ƒ†¾-„d çÕÊi ®¾«Õ-§ÖŒ ©ðx “¤ÄÂË-Âd ¹©üq Í䮾Õ-Âî-«-œÄ-EÂË ©Çu¦ü©Õ ‡©x-X¾Ûpœ¿Ö Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¢šÇªá. ‡¢.‡-®ý.-‰.šË. 骢œî ®¾¢«-ÅŒq-ª½¢©ð NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ŠÂ¹ å®p†¾-©-èãj -†ä ¯¾ þ ‡¢ÍŒÕ-Âî-„ÃL. ¨ ÂÕq©ð ‚Ÿµ¿Õ-E¹ å®p†¾-©-èãj -†ä ʾ Õx Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¯Ãoªá. ÆN... ²ÄX¶ý-„d ªä ý ƒ¢>-F-J¢’û, ¹¢X¾Üu-{ªý ¯çšü-«ªýˆq Æ¢œþ å®Â¹Øu-JšÌ, ¨ÐG->-¯®ç ý ˜ãÂÃo-©-°®ý, ©Ç¢ê’yèü ˜ãÂÃo-©-°®ý. *«J å®NÕ-®-ª¾d ý©ð NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× “X¾«áÈ Â¹¢åX-F©ðx ƒ¢{-ªýo-†-XÏ ý©Õ ©Gµ-®Õ¾ h-¯Ãoªá. “X¾A-¦µÇ-«¢-ÅŒÕ-©Êãj NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× éª¢œî \œÄC šÌ*¢’û Æ®Ï-å®d¢-šü-†XÏ ý Æ«-ÂìÁ¢ ¹Lp-²Ähª½Õ. 'Í䧌՜¿¢ ŸÄyªÃ ¯äª½Õa-Âî-«œ¿¢Ñ (learning by doing) ¨ ÂÕq «â©-®¾Ö“ÅŒ¢. ÅŒª-’½ ¹-A©ð ¯äª½Õa-¹×Êo ¦µÇ«-Ê-©ÊÕ ‚ÍŒ-ª-º½ ©ð “¤Äèã-¹×-©d Õ’Ã Í䧌՜¿¢ ŸÄyªÃ ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×©d ð «Õ¢* Æ«-’Ã-£¾ÇÊ \ª½p-œ¿Õ-ŌբC. * „çáÅŒh¢ ÅŒª-’½ ¹-AE 3Ð5 «Õ¢CÅî ¦%¢ŸÄ-©Õ’à Nœ¿-D-²Ähª½Õ. “X¾A ¦%¢ŸÄ-EÂË “X¾Åäu-¹¢’à ŠÂ¹ ®¾©-£¾É-ŸÄª½Õ („çÕ¢šÇªý) …¢šÇª½Õ. ÆÅŒE X¾ª½u„ä-¹~-º©ð ¦%¢Ÿ¿¢ Æå®j-¯þ-„çÕ¢{Õx, “¤Äèã-¹שd Õ Í䮾Õh¢C. * ¦%¢ŸÄ-©ðxE ®¾¦µ¼Õu©Õ ÅŒ«ÕÂ¹× ÅÃ«á “X¾ºÇ-R-¹-©ÊÕ ª½Ö¤ñ¢-C¢-ÍŒÕ-¹×E, NŸµ¿Õ-©ÊÕ êšÇ-ªá¢-ÍŒÕ-¹ע-šÇª½Õ. „çÕ¢šÇªý ‚„çÖ-Ÿ¿¢Åî „ÃšËE ‚ÍŒ-ª-º ½ ©ð åXœ¿-Åê½Õ. * ÂÕq “¤Äª½¢-Gµ¢-Í-œ Œ Ä-EÂË «á¢Ÿ¿Õ’à ®¾¢¦¢-Cŵ Œ Æ¢¬Ç©ðx Æ«-’Ã-£¾ÇÊ ÅŒª-’½ ¹-ÅŒÕ©Õ Eª½y-£ÏÇ-²Ähª½Õ. ÅŒŸÄyªÃ ÂÕq X¾{x NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n ðx ‚®¾-ÂËhE åX¢¤ñ¢-C-²Ähª½Õ. * NŸä-¬Ç-©ðxE “X¾«áÈ §ŒâE-«-Jq-š© Ì ÆŸµÄu-X-¾ ¹×-©Åî œË>-{©ü …X¾-¯Ãu-²Ä©Õ Eª½y-£ÏÇ-²Ähª½Õ. *

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“X¾„¬ä Á X¾K¹~: 24 „äÕ * X¶L¾ -ÅéÕ: 1 W¯þ * “XÏX-ê¾ ª-{K ÂÕq “¤Äª½¢¦µ¼¢: 29 W¯þ * „çÕªá¯þ ÂÕq “¤Äª½¢¦µ¼¢: 24 ‚’¹®Õ¾ d ÊÕ¢* * ƒÅŒª½ N«-ªÃ-©Â¹×... 040Ð 65881971, 23001970 *

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«- Ö-C -¯-©ç Öxª½Õ ->-©Çx ®Ô-ÅêÃ-«ÕX¾Ûª½¢. “’ÃOÕº “¤Ä¢ÅŒ¢ ÊÕ¢* ªÃ«-œ¿¢Åî ²ÄX¶ý-®d ψ©üq Æ¢¬Ç©ðx Âí¢ÅŒ „çÊÕ-¹-¦-œÄfÊÕ. “X¾®¾ÕhÅŒ¢ ‡¢.‡-®ý.-‰.šË. „ç៿šË ®¾¢«-ÅŒqª½¢ ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«Û-ÅŒÕ-¯ÃoÊÕ. ¨ ÂÕq-©ðE “’¹ÖXý œË®¾ˆ†¾ÊÕx, ÍŒª½a©Õ, “åXèã¢-˜-†ä -¯¾ þ© ŸÄyªÃ ²ÄX¶ý-®d ψ©üq N†¾-§ÕŒ ¢©ð ‚ÅŒt-N-¬Çy®¾¢ \ª½p-œË¢C. ƒX¾Ûpœ¿Õ ‡¢ÅŒ-«Õ¢-C©ð …¯Ão ƒ¢Tx-†ý©ð ¦Ç’à «ÖšÇx-œ-’¿ ¹-©Õ-’¹Õ-ÅŒÕ-¯ÃoÊÕ. Ð ªÃèä-¬ÁyJ Ê¢Ÿ¿¢-

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On a train

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ƒ¢Tx†ý ¦µÇ†¾©ð OÕ X¾J-èÇc-¯ÃEo X¾J-Q-L¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„Ã-©E …¢ŸÄ? ƪáÅä ƒÂ¹ˆœî ÂËyèü ƒ®¾Õh¯Ão¢. X¾ÜJh-Í®ä ,Ï OÕ ®¾«Ö-ŸµÄ-¯Ã-©ÊÕ 'ÂÌÑÅî ®¾J-¤ò-©Õa-ÂË. I Choose the correct sentences: 01) A. I was not interested in knowing what he was doing for a living B. I was not interested to know what he was doing for a living C. I am not interested to know what he is doing for a living D. How was I interested in knowing what he is doing for a living 02) A. Dr Kalam is the person who I am trying to meet for a long time B. Dr Kalam is the person who I have been trying to meet for a long time C. Dr Kalam is the person whom I have been trying to meet for a long time D. No other person I like to meet so much as I do Dr Kalam 03) A. 'I don't like the way he talks' 'I do not also' B. 'I don't like the way he talks' 'I also don't' C. 'I don't like the way he talks' 'Nor do I' D. 'I am not liking the way he talks' 'Nor am I liking' 04) A. They are much taken by the cute baby B. They are much taken in by the cute baby C. Why are they so taken in by the baby? Is it so cute? D. They are a lot taken with the cute baby 05) A. I met him for the first time on a train B. I met him for the first time in a train C. I met him for the first time by a train

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D. I met him for the first time by train II Choose one word which can express the meaning of the group of words below: 06) A person addicted to alcoholic drinks A. Gambler B. Aesthete C. Monomaniac D. Dipsomaniac 07) Trade without competition A. Oligopoly B. Monopoly C. Sovereignty D. Supremacy 08) To use vulgar language against god A. Euphony B. Abuse C. Curse D. Blaspheme 09) A total change in the ways of life of a society/ of government A. Revolution B. Rebellion C. Revolt D. Mutiny 10) A Person new to something A. Veteran B. Novice C. Junior D. Amateur Key: 01 A 02 B 03 C 04 D 05 A 06 C 07 B 08 D 09 A 10 B

N«-ªº½ ƒC’î... 01 Answer A: ÆÅŒÊÕ

°«-¯Ã-EÂË \¢ Í䮾Öh¢-œ-„ä Ãœî Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî-„Ã-©¯ä ‚®¾ÂËh ¯ÃÂ¹× ©äŸ¿Õ, ÆE sentence ¦µÇ«¢. Interested ÅŒªÃyÅŒ ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Ö in+ noun/...ing form «®¾Õh¢C. (Interested in music (noun)/(Interested in singing (...ing form). Interested ÅŒªÃyÅŒ to know ªÃŸ¿Õ. (interested in knowing Æ¢šÇ¢). Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x B and C wrong. D©ð How was I interested (¯ÃꢚËinterest?) ƯäC main clause. ƒ¢Ÿ¿Õ©ð verb was, past tense. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E subordinate clause, what... ©ðE verb Â¹ØœÄ past tense©ð …¢œÄL. ÂÃF ƒÂ¹ˆœ¿ what he is doing ÆE present tense©ð …¢C. ÂæšËd D wrong. ¯äÊÕ ÍéÇ-ÂÃ-©¢’à ¹©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî-„Ã-©E “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao-®Õ¾ hÊo «uÂËh Dr. ¹©Ç¢). ÍéÇ-ÂÃ-©¢’à •ª½Õ-’¹Õ-ÅŒÕÊo X¾EÂË, have been +...ing form «®¾Õh¢C. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E A wrong. ÍéÇ-ÂÃ-©¢’à ¯äÊÕ Â¹©Õ-®Õ¾ -Âî-„Ã-©E “X¾§ŒÕ-Ao-®Õ¾ hÊo «uÂËhÐ ¨ ƪ½n¢Åî whom I have been trying to... „Ãœ¿-«ÍŒÕa. ƪáÅä ƒX¾Ûpœ¿Õ Whom (‡«-éªjoÅä) „Ãœ¿{¢ ÍÃ©Ç ÅŒÂ¹×ˆ«. ŸÄŸÄX¾Û ©äŸ¿Õ. Whom „Ãœä ÍéÇ-Íî{x 'who' „Ãœ¿{¢ correct. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E C, wrong. Sentence No other ©Ç¢šË „ÚËÅî “¤Äª½¢-G¢µ -*-Ê-X¾Ûœ¿Õ, No other person I like to ÆÊÕª½Õ. No other person do I like... Æ¢šÇ¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x D Â¹ØœÄ wrong.

02 Answer B (=

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03. Answer C. ÆÅŒÊÕ

«ÖšÇx-œ-Nä Ÿµ¿¢ ¯ÃÂ¹× ÊÍŒaŸ¿Õ, ÆE ŠÂ¹-ª½¢˜ä, '¯Ã¹؈œÄ ÊÍŒaŸ¿ÕÑ ÆE ƒ¢Âí-¹-ª-ʽ {¢ ƒC. ƒ¢ÅŒÂ¹× «á¢Ÿ¿Õ ÍéÇ-²Äª½Õx Íç¤Äp¢, NotÅî also ªÃŸ¿Õ ÆE. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E B wrong. LikeÊÕ am liking/is liking/ are liking form©ð „Ãœ¿¢. Like/ likes Ưä Æ¢šÇ¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x D wrong. 04. Answer D. Be taken with = attracted by/ ‚¹-J-Å ¥ ŒÕ-©-«{¢. cute = ‚¹-ª-º½¥ -§ Ì ŒÕ¢’Ã

…Êo.

‚¹-J-Å¥ ŒÕ-©-«{¢ Ưä ƪ½n¢ ªÃŸ¿Õ. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¹E

A, B and C wrong.

05. Answer A. Train ©ðX¾© wrong.

on train Æ¢šÇ¢. In train ªÃŸ¿Õ. By train = 骩 j ðx

…¢œ¿-šÇEo

06. Answer C. ¦Ç’Ã

ÅÃ’¹Õ-œ¿ÕÂ¹× Æ©-„Ã{ÕX¾œ,Ë ÆC ©ä¹ע˜ä ©äE „Ã@ÁÊx Õ, ²ù¢Ÿ¿ª½u ¤ò†¾-¹שÕ/ ª½®-ÂÏ ¹×©Õ

taken, Taken by, Taken in - OšËÂÌ

“X¾§ŒÖ-ºË¢-Í{Œ ¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x

B, C and D

Dipsomaniac Æ¢šÇ¢. A) Gambler = WŸ¿J B) Aesthete =

07. Answer B. \

¤òšÌ ©äE „Ãu¤Äª½¢. A = ŠÂ¹ „Ãu¤Äª½¢ OÕŸ¿ ÂíEo company©Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ ‚Cµ-XÅ ¾ Œu¢ ¹L_ …¢œ¿{¢. “X¾¦µ¼ÕÅŒy¢) D = ‚Cµ-XÅ ¾ Œu¢ 08. Answer D = Ÿä«Ûœ¿Õ/

Ÿä«ÅŒ©ÊÕ Æ®¾¦¼µu X¾ŸÄ-©Åî Ÿ¿Ö†Ï¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢.

C = ²Äª½y-¦µ÷-«ÕÅŒu¢

A = N¯ä¢-Ÿ¿Õ¹×

(X¾ÜJh æ®yÍŒa´ …Êo ¤Ä©-¹שÕ/

ƒ¢X¾Û’à …¢œä ¬Á¦Çl©Õ.

B = A{dœ¿¢/

Ÿ¿Ö†Ï¢-ÍœŒ ¿¢

C=

¬ÇX¾¢. 09.

Answer A (NX¾« x ¢

Ð ®¾«Ö-•X¾Û X¾Ÿ-Å¿l´ ÕŒ ©ðx ƒÍäa åXÊÕ «Öª½Õp Ð «Ö«â-©Õ’à Âî¾h Ÿöª½Êb- u¢Åî)

10. Answer: B. (ŸäE-é¯ jÃ

ÂíÅŒh ƪá-Ê-„Ã@ÁÙ)x A = ÆÊÕ-¦µ¼-«-¬ÇL. ÂùעœÄ …ÅÃq£¾Ç¢ «©x \Ÿç¯j à Íäæ®-„ê½Õ/ »ÅÃq-£ÏÇ-¹שÕ

C = (ƒ¢Âí-¹-J-¹¯Ão)

B = C = D Aª½Õ-’¹Õ-¦Ç{Õ.

Ō¹׈« ÆÊÕ-¦µ¼«¢ ¹©-„Ã@ÁÙ.x

D = œ¿¦Õs

Â¢

Ð ‡¢. ®¾Õêª-¬Á¯þ

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