DESHABHIMANI ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I- c-N-\-bp-s S Nn-e- aÀ-a -§ÄkpIp-amÀ Ago-t¡mSv H¨-¸m-Sp-h-¨v- t\m-¡n-bmð- C-t¸mÄ- tI-c-f-¯nð- H-tó- \-S-¡p-óp-Åq-þ- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I_-l-fw.- H-cp-]-t£,- C-Xn-s \- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-bp-² w- F-óp-X-só- hn-fn-¡mw.- Xp-S-§n-bt¸mÄ- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-{]-iv-\w- B-bn-cp-óp.- ]n-só- A-Xv- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-hn-hm-Z-am-bn.- ]nsó- _-l-f-am-bn,- ]n-óo-Sv- k-a -c-hpw- C-t¸mÄ- X-e-bv-¡-Sn-¨v- sIm-e-]m-X-Iw- h-sc-bm-bn.tIÄ-¡p-ó- hm-bv-¯m-cn-I-sf-ñmw- bp-² -¯ n-tâ-Xm-Wv.- {]-iv-\w- Xo-cpw-h-s c- k-a-cw,- ]n³h-en-¡pw-h-s c- bp-²w,- A-´yw-h-sc- G-äp-ap-«ð- F-sóm-s¡- `o-j-W-§-fm-b- {]-tbm-K§Ä- tI-c-f-am-s I- ap-g-§p-óp.- ]-t£,- bp-² -im-kv-{X-ÚÀ- C-Xn-s\- bp-² -sa-tóm- k-a -csa-tóm- hn-fn-¡p-sa-óv- tXm-óp-ón-ñ.- tI-c-f- ]m-Tm-h-en-bnð- DÄ-s ¡m-Åp-ó- G-gmw-X-c¯n-se- km-aq-ly-im-kv-{X- ]p-kv-X-Iw- ]-Tn-t¡-ï- B-h-iy-an-ñm-¯-h-cm-Wv- k-a -c-¡mÀ.cm-{ão-b-{]-hÀ-¯-I-cm-b- sI-F-kv-bp-¡m-cp-sS- h-I-bm-Wv- s]m-eo-kp-am-bn- G-äp-ap-«p-óI-em-]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ.- H-cp- t\-Xm-hv- k-a -cw- ]-¯ p-Zn-h-k-¯n-\-Iw- Xo-cp-s a-óp- I-cp-Xn- D-] hm-kw- Xp-S-§n,- F-«mw-Zn-h-kw- A-h-km-\n-¸n-¨p.- ss{I-kv-X-h-k-`m-t\-Xm-¡Ä- ]-Ån-Ifnð-h-¨m-Wv- k-a-cw- kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨-Xv-;- C-S-b-te-J-\-§Ä- F-gp-Xn-bpw.- Bw-K-e-km-ln-Xy¯n-se- A-\-iz-c- lm-ky-{]-Xn-`-bm-b- Uo-³ kzn-^v-Sv- "-]p-kv-X-I-§-fp-s S- bp-²w-'- F-sómcp- lm-ky-Ir-Xn- F-gp-Xn-bn-cp-óp.- C-Xpw- lm-kyw-X-só,- km-ln-Xy-a-sñ-¦n-epw.- hn-Zym-eb-§ -fnð- ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-ó- sS-Iv-kv-äv- ]p-kv-X-I-§-s f-¸-än- H-óm-a-Xm-bpw- A-h-km-\-am-bpwHmÀ-t¡-ï-Xv- ]-T-\o-b-am-b- hn-Úm-\-`m-K-s¯-¸-än- Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v- km-am-\y-am-b- (k-a-{K-añm-¯)- A-dn-hv- D-ïm-¡n-s ¡m-Sp-¡m-\p-Å - kq-N-I- {K-Ù-§ -fm-Wv- F-ó-X-t{X.- ¢m-knsâ- B-h-iy-¯n-\v- F-gp-X-s¸-Sp-ó-Xm--I-bmð- Nn-e-t¸mÄ- sX-äp-I-fpw- a-äpw- kw-`-hn-¨p-IqSm-bv-I-bn-ñ.- A-[ym-]-I-sâ- t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-em-Wv- ¢m-kv- \-S-¡p-ó-Xv.- A-[ym-]-I-³ Ip-«n-Ifp-sS- ssK-Uv- B-Wv.- sS-Iv-kv-än-s â- ssh-I-ey-§Ä- XoÀ-¯p-- ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-ó-Xv- A-[ym-] -I\m-Wv.- A-[ym-]-I-sâ- IÀ-¯-hyw- sS-Iv-kv-än-sâ- ap-ónð- Ip-«n-I-s f- sh-dp-s X- hn-Sp-I-b-ñ.H-cp- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-hpw- k-¼qÀ-W-a -ñ.- G-Xp-- Im-e-¯p-ïm-b- sS-Iv-kv-ä v- ]p-kv-X-I-§-fnepw- t]m-cm-bv-a-I-fpw- sX-äp-I-fpw- D-ïm-bn-cp-óp.- R-§ -sfm-s ¡- ]-Tn-¨n-cp-ó- Im-e-s¯- ae-bm-fw- ]m-Tm-h-en-Ifnð- K-Zy-{]-_-Ô-§Ä- an-¡-Xpw- Xn-cp-¯ ð- th-ï-h-bm-bn-cp-óp.A-[ym-]-IÀ- B- `m-K-¯v- kw-c-£-Ww- \ð-In-t¸m-óp.- C-óv- A-sXm-s¡- am-dn.- C-óp-- Iem-]w- \-S-¡p-ó-Xpw- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-Iw- \-óm-¡m-\-ñ,-- th-sd- _m-ly-e-£y-§ -tfm-sS-bmWv.- ap-³Im-e-§-fnð- cm{ão-bm--[n-Im-c-hy-{K-X- P-\-X-s b- C-{X-am-{Xw- tam-l-s¸-Sp-¯m¯-Xp-s Im-ïv- I-em-]ap-ïm-bn-ñ.- C-óp-- k-aq-l-¯n-se- ]-e- hn-`m-K-§ -fpw- hn-th-Iw- \ã-s¸-«-h-cp-s S- e-£-W-§Ä- kz-´w- IÀ-a§-fnð- Im-Wn-¡p-óp.- Xo-cm-¯- sh-{]m-fw-aqew- A-h-cp-sS- km-am-\y-kw-kv-Im-c-hpw- km-am-\yt_m-[-hpw- H-s¡- s]m-bv-t¸m-b- a-«p-ïv.t\m-¡p-tó-S-s ¯m-s ¡- "-Np-h-¸v-'- Im-Wp-ó- A-hÀ- Im-f¡q-äs\-t¸m-se- sX-cp-hp--tXm-dpw]-S-tbm-«w- \-S-¯p-óp.- C-´y-bp-s S- N-cn-{X-¯n-s â- `m-K-hpw- C-´y- {]-Jym-]n-¨- e-£y-§ sf- sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯p-ó-Xp-am-b- ]m-T -§Ä-t]m-epw- I-ayq-Wn-kw,- a-X-\n-µ- F-ón-h-bp-sS- Nn´-IÄaq-ew- Zp-jn-¸n-¡-s ¸-s«-óm-Wv- hm-Zw.- A-cn-iw- aq-¯v- C-hÀ- ]p-kv-X-Iw- Z-ln-¸n-¨vX-§ -fp-sS- kw-kv-Im-c-¯n-s â- ]-Xm-I- ]-d-¸n-¡p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- km-aq-ly--]m-Tw- Ip-«n-Ifp-sS- km-aq-ly--t_m-[w h-f-cm-\p-Å - D-]m-[n-bm-Wv.- \-½p-s S- km-aq-ly--e-£y-§Ä- \-½psS- `-c-W-L-S-\-bnð- D-d-¨p-\nð-¡p-óp.- a-äp-- km-[m-c-W- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-§-fp-sS- e-£y-añ- C-Xn-tâ-Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-ïv- C-Xn-sâ- {]-Xn-]m-Z-\-hpw- D-Å-S-¡-hpw- F-ñmw- hy-Xy-kv-X-ambn-cn-¡pw.- ]-ïv- \-ap-¡n-ñm-Xn-cp-ó- km--aq-ly-t_m-[w- C-óp-- \-ap-¡p-ïv.- A-Xp-- {]-Xn-^en-¸n-¡m-\p-Å- {i-a -am-Wv- G-gmw-Xcw- ]m-T-]p-kv-X-Iw.- I-ayq-Wn-kw,- a-X-\n-µ- F-sóm-s¡Ip-ä-s¸-Sp-¯p-ó-Xv- ]-g-b,-- bm-Ym-Øn-Xn-I-am-b,- km--aq-ly-t- _m-[w- I-«-]n-Sn-¨v, - Im-e-¯ns\m-¸w- ]p-tcm-K-an-¡m-³ h¿m-¯- P-U-a-\-Êp-I-fp-sS- {]-Xn-I-c-W-am-Wv.- A-hÀ- C-´y-³ `-c-W-L-S-\- hm-bn-¡p-t¼m-gpw- Cu- t{]-X-_m-[-bmð- hn-j-an-¡m-Xn-cn-¡n-ñ.- {]-tXy-I aXw- ]-Tn-¸n-¡m-³ H-cp- s]m-Xp-hn-Zym-e-bs¯-bpw- `-c-W-L-S-\- A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-ón-ñ.- au-enIm-h-Im-i A-[ym-b¯n-s e- hy-h-Ø-IÄ- (28þmw- hIp-¸pw- 29Dw)- h-f-s c- hy-à-am-Wv.- kvtääv- klm-bap-Å- hn-Zym-`ym-k- Øm-]-\-§ -fnð- {]-tXy-I- aX]-T-\w- \ð-Im-³ C-ã-apsï¦nð-- am-{Xw- A-\phZn-¡mw.- {]-tXy-I- kw-kv-Im-c- ]-cn-c-£-Ww- B-h-iy-ap-Å - \yq-\]-£-§Ä-¡v- kz-´w- \n-e-bpw- I-gn-hpw- A-\p-k-cn-¨v- A-Xn-\p-th-ïn- Øm-]-\w-- \-S¯mw.- A-Xn-\mð- s]m-Xp-]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-¯nð- k-hn-ti-j- a-X-]-T-\w- ]-än-ñ.- s]m-Xp-hmb- kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-aq-ey-§ -s f- ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw- th-Ww.- 1976ð- h-cp-¯n-b- 42þmw- t`-Z-K-XnA-\p-k-cn-¨v- tNÀ-¯- au-en-IIÀ-¯hy--§ -fp-sS- A-[ym-b-¯ nð- ]u-c-òmÀ- A-\p-k-cn-
t¡-ï- au-en-I-[À-a -§-fpw- aq-ey-§fpw- \nÀ-h-Nn-¨n-«p-ïv.- `-c-W-L-S-\-bnð- B-hn-jv-I-cn¨- B-ZÀ-i-§-fpw- kzm-X-{´y-k-a-c-¯ n-sâ- B-ZÀ-i-§ -fpw- C-´y-¡m-cp-sS- km-tlm-Z-cys¯-bpw- a-Xm-Xo-X-hpw- hn-`m-Ko-b-a -ñm-¯-Xp-am-b- sF-Iy-hpw- F-t¸m-gpw- D-bÀ-¯n-¸n-Sn¡m-³ ]u-c-òmÀ- I-S-s¸-«-h-cm-Wv.- im-kv-{Xo-b-t_m-[-hpw- am-\-hn-I-X-bpw- h-fÀ-¯p-I-bpwth-Ww.- 39þmw- h-Ip-¸nð- s]m-Xp--\-òbv- ¡m-bn- \m-«n-se- `u-Xn-I-k-¼-¯v- k-aq-l-¯n-\p-t{Zm-lw- h-cm-¯- hn-[-¯nð- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-¿-W-sa-ópw- [-\w- Iq-¼m-cam-bn--¡q-«m-¯km--aq-ly-{- I-aw- e-£y-am-¡-W-s a-ópw- hn-[n-¨n-cn-¡p-óp.- C-h-bnð- \n-§Ä- a-X-\n-µ-bpwI-ayq-Wn-k-hpw- Im-Wp-óp-tïm-?- D-sï-¦nð- A-Xnð- ]-Ip-Xn-am-{X-ta- Cu- ]p-kv-X-I-¯nep-Åq- F-óp- Im-Wmw.- C-hÀ- a-X-\n-µ- F-óp- ]-d-ª-Xv- k-Xy-¯ nð- F-ñm-a -X-§ -tfm-Spap-Å - B-Z-c-s¯- {]-I-Sn-¸n-¡p-ó- Nn-´-bm-Wv.- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-¯nð- "-a-X-an-ñm-¯- Po-h³'- Xp-S-§n-b- `m-K-§-fnð- Cu- B-i-bw- sh-fn-hm-¡-s ¸-«n-«p-ïv.- C-hÀ- I-ayq-Wn-kw- Fóp- ]-d-ªv- X-Ån-¡-f-bp-ó-Xv- [-\n-I-\v- kzÀ-K-cm-Py-¯nð- {]-th-i-\-an-ñ- F-ó- kp-hnti-j- `m-K-¯n-sâ- \n-cm-k-s¯-bm-Wv. - P-òn-þ-Ip-Sn-bm-³ _-Ô-¯n-s e- am-ä-§-fp-sS- N-cn{X-hpw- A-Xnð- `-c-W-L-S-\- A-\p-im-kn-¡p-ó- ]p-Xn-b- k-¼-Zv-kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-s â- kz-chpw- Cu- `m-K-¯nð- tIÄ-¡mw-; - tIÄ-¡-Ww.- G-tXm- a-lm-]m-X-Iw- sN-bv-sX-ó- Bt£-]-hp-am-bn- h-ó-hÀ- C-Xm- {]-Xn-¡q-«n-em-bn-cn-¡p-óp.- Chscñmw- cm-Py-¯n-sâ- {]Jym-]n-Xe-£y-§-sf- F-XnÀ-¯p-sIm-ïv- Cu- ]p-kv-X-Is¯- F-XnÀ-¡p-t¼mÄ- C-Xn-s\Xo-bn-ð- Fcn-¡p-óhÀ- `-c-W-L-S-\- Xo-bn-en-«v- Np-Sp-ó- cm-Py-t{Zm-ln-I-fm-Wv.- C-h-s c- Ib-dq-cn-hn-Sm-³ ]-än-ñ-þ- `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- \m-a-¯nð- C-´y-bp-sS- \m-a-¯nð,- C-hn-S-s ¯_-lp-P-\-§-fp-sS- \m-a-¯nð.- hn-Z-Kv-[-k-an-Xn-IÄ- H-óm-a-Xm-bn- ]-cn-tim-[n-t¡-ï- kwK-Xn- `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- A-\p-im-k-\-§ -sf- Cu- km--aq-ly--im-kv-{Xw- ew-Ln-¡p-óp-tïmF-óm-Wv.- A-ñm-sX- \n-c-¯n-en-d-§n-b- cm-{ão-bm-Ô-cp--sS-bpw- k-`m-t\-Xm-¡-fp-s S-bpwB-t{Im-i-§-sf- A-\p-k-cn-¡p-óp-tïm- F-óñ.- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-c-N-\-bnð- {i-²n-t¡-ïG-ä-hpw- {]-[m-\-s¸-«- B-i-b-am-Wv- C-Xv.- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-s¯-¡p-dn-¨v- km-t¦-Xn-I-Úm\-an-ñm-¯-Xp-sIm-ïv- ]-e- an-Yymtcm-Z\-§ -fpw- C-hÀ- DS\o-fw- D-bÀ-¯n-¸m-bp-óp.- 1.- H-cp]p-kv-X-Iw- am-{Xw- t\m-¡n- B- hn-j-b-¯n-ep-Å- hnÚm\-¯n-sâ- A-XnÀ-¯n- \n-iv-N-bn¡cp--Xv.- km-aq-ly-im-kv-{X-]m-T-§ -fp-s S- H-cp- ]-c-¼-c-bn-se- H-cp- I®n- am-{X-am-Wv- G-gmwXcw- ]m-T-]p-kv-X-Iw.- H-sc-®-¯ nð- Im-Wm-¯-Xv- a-s äm-sc-®-¯nð- D-ïm-bn-cn-¡pw.- 2.- aXm-Nm-cy-òm-sc-¸än- ]-e- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-§-fn-ep-am-bn- ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv.- a-X-{K-Ù-§ -fnse- h-N-\-§Ä- A-§ -s\- D-²-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-óp.- {io-\m-cm-b-W B-ZÀ-i-am-b- G-I-a-X-¯nðDu-ón-\nð-¡p-ó- ]m-Ty-]p-kv-X-I-s¯- A-h-tl-fn-¡p-ó- (sI- Fw- am-Wn-s b-t¸m-ep-Å)t\-Xm-¡-fm-Wv- aX\n-µ- \-S-¯n-b-hÀ.- im-kv-{Xo-b-kz-`m-h-ap-Å - hn-j-b-§-fn-epw- aq-ey-] c-am-b- Zn-im-t_m-[w- th-ï- Im-cy-§ -fn-epw- hn-I-e-t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-ep-ïm-Ip-ó- {]-t£m-`§Ä-¡v- h-g-§n-bmð- G-Xp- K-h- sa-âpw- A-Sn-s X-än- ho-gpw.- hn-Z-Kv-[-k-an-Xn-bp-sS- ip-]mÀi-IÄ- ]-cn-K-Wn-¨- I-cn-¡p-ew- I-½n-än- H-Sp-hnð- ssI-s¡m-ï- Xo-cp-am-\-§Ä- kzm-K-XmÀl-am-Wv.- sX-cp-hn-en-d-§n-b-hÀ- \o-Xn-t_m-[-ap-Å-h-cm-sW-¦nð- C-h- kzo-I-cn-¨v- hn-Zym-eb-§ -sf- k-c-kz-Xo-tZ-hn-¡v- hn-«p-s Im-Sp-t¡-ï-Xm-Wv.- tI-c-f-¯nð- C-óp- XoÀ-¯pw- hyà-am-b- hn-`m-K-§Ä- cq-]-s ¸-«n-«p-sï-¦nð- A-h- tIm--{K-kpw- I-ayq-Wn-kv-äv- ]mÀ-Sn-bp-a -ñ,a-X-hn-izm-kn-I-fpw- a-X-\n-tj-[n-I-fp-a-ñ,- `-c-W-L-S-\- {]-Jym-]n-¨- au-en-Im-i-b-§ -sf-bpwaq-ey-§-sf-bpw- D-bÀ-¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-ó-h-cpw- A-h-sb- h-en-s¨-dn-bp-ó-h-cp-am-Wv.- cm-{ão-bhpw- kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hpw- km-aq-ly-hp-am-b- F-ñm- cm-{ ã-§-fn-epw- Cu- tN-cn-Xn-cn-hv- ImWmw.-