Subject, Purpose, Audience Dr. Gerald Lucas
Subject, Purpose, Audience
Subject, Purpose, Audience Assess the rhetorical situation
Subject, Purpose, Audience Assess the rhetorical situation Begin with clear and precise definitions
Subject, Purpose, Audience Assess the rhetorical situation Begin with clear and precise definitions Know what you’ll do up front
Subject, Purpose, Audience Assess the rhetorical situation Begin with clear and precise definitions Know what you’ll do up front Make a flexible guideline
Subject, Purpose, Audience Assess the rhetorical situation Begin with clear and precise definitions Know what you’ll do up front Make a flexible guideline Suggest a direction: thesis statement
All writing is persuasive
Writing Appeals to
Writing Appeals to
Reason (“Logos”) Feeling (“Pathos”) Character (“Ethos”)
Topic
Topic
General question or concern
Topic
General question or concern Must narrow and focus
Topic
General question or concern Must narrow and focus Must pick an assertion
Sample Topics
Sample Topics What is one game that is physically or intellectually challenging
Sample Topics What is one game that is physically or intellectually challenging Identify a particular type of dishonesty that is generally tolerated
Sample Topics What is one game that is physically or intellectually challenging Identify a particular type of dishonesty that is generally tolerated What is your favorite piece of furniture
Subject
Subject A problem, concern, or aspect of the topic
Subject A problem, concern, or aspect of the topic Makes an assertion about the topic
Subject A problem, concern, or aspect of the topic Makes an assertion about the topic Contains the subject and assertion
Subject A problem, concern, or aspect of the topic Makes an assertion about the topic Contains the subject and assertion Addresses something unique and worthy
Subject Examples
Subject Examples Chess is a game that is intellectually challenging
Subject Examples Chess is a game that is intellectually challenging Lying is a type of dishonesty that is generally tolerated
Subject Examples Chess is a game that is intellectually challenging Lying is a type of dishonesty that is generally tolerated My footlocker is my favorite piece of furniture
A subject is not complete without a SUBJECT and an ASSERTION!
Purpose
Purpose WHY are you writing?
Purpose WHY are you writing? WHAT are you arguing? (Look to assertion)
Purpose WHY are you writing? WHAT are you arguing? (Look to assertion) ALL college essays persuade — ALL!
Purpose
Purpose States what you’re arguing
Purpose States what you’re arguing States why you’re arguing it
Purpose Examples
Purpose Examples to argue that chess is intellectually challenging because it makes players focus and logically consider each move
Purpose Examples to argue that chess is intellectually challenging because it makes players focus and logically consider each move to argue that lying is generally tolerated because people would rather be deceived than know the harsh truth
Purpose Examples to argue that chess is intellectually challenging because it makes players focus and logically consider each move to argue that lying is generally tolerated because people would rather be deceived than know the harsh truth to argue that my footlocker is my favorite piece of furniture because it contains all my hopes and dreams
Audience
Audience To WHOM are you writing?
Audience To WHOM are you writing? Who would most benefit from your essay?
Audience To WHOM are you writing? Who would most benefit from your essay? What is your relationship to them?
Audience To WHOM are you writing? Who would most benefit from your essay? What is your relationship to them? What is their attention span? knowledge of subject? level of interest? attitudes about the subject?
Audience
Audience Write to those you know
Audience Write to those you know Use language, tone, and style that would appeal
Audience Write to those you know Use language, tone, and style that would appeal Modify your subject and purpose to fit
Audience Write to those you know Use language, tone, and style that would appeal Modify your subject and purpose to fit Do not preach to the choir
Audience Examples
Audience Examples Parents looking for a challenging hobby for their anti-social boy
Audience Examples Parents looking for a challenging hobby for their anti-social boy Men in my church, 18-25, who think honesty is always the best policy, even when it hurts
Audience Examples Parents looking for a challenging hobby for their anti-social boy Men in my church, 18-25, who think honesty is always the best policy, even when it hurts Teenagers who may not understand the value of saving memories
Subject, Purpose, Audience
Subject, Purpose, Audience Suggests focus and scope
Subject, Purpose, Audience Suggests focus and scope Most important part of your essay
Subject, Purpose, Audience Suggests focus and scope Most important part of your essay Write these at the top of your paper for all essays in this course