Theme Four Part Two
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THEME FOUR THREATS AND RESPONSES PART TWO THE REIGN OF SULTAN ABDUL MOMIN 1852 – 1885
HE WAS THE GRANDSON OF SOAS I. HIS FAMILY
HE WAS THE SON-IN-LAW OF SOAS II. HE WAS THE SON OF PENGIRAN SHAHBANDAR PENGIRAN ABDUL WAHAB.
HE WAS THE 24TH SULTAN OF BRUNEI. HIS POSITION HE SUCCEEDED SOAS II.
HE WAS A WISE, JUST AND PIOUS KING. HIS CONTRIBUTIO NS
HE REPAIRED THE RIFT IN THE ROYAL FAMILIIES WITH ARRANGED MARRIAGES.
HE DIED A CENTURIAN. HIS DEATH HE WAS SUCCEEDED BY THE SON OF SOAS II, SULTAN HASHIM.
1
TERRITORIES LOST TO THE BROOKES IN SARAWAK
AIM
TO ENSURE JAMES BROOKE’S POSITION AS THE RAJAH OF SARAWAK.
1853
24th August 1853: James Brookes signed a new treaty with SOAS II to strengthen his control on Sarawak. He also obtained Batang Lupar.
1855
He obtained 7 districts Stretching from Samarahan to Rajang.
1861
He obtained territories stretching from Rajang to Bintulu. Including Mukah and Oya.
1863
He left England. He died in 1868. He was replaced by his nephew, Charles A. Brooke.
1882
Charles Brooke inherited a territory stretching from Tanjung Datu to Tanjung Kerudong.
1883
Charles Brooke obtained more territories stretching from Tanjung Kerudong to Baram.
1884
He had to pay $3, 000 per year to the Sultan.
Charles Brooke obtained districts from Tanjung Puan to Terusan River.
SULTAN ABDUL MOMIN WAS UNABLE TO STOP THE EXPANSIONIST POLICY OF THE BROOKES
2
TERRITORIES LOST TO THE BRITISH NORTH BORNEO COMPANY IN SABAH
He was appointed as the American Consul General in Brunei. Obtained territories from Sultan Abdul Momin:
1
C.L MOSES
-
21 districts
-
From Sulaman River to Paitan River.
Leased territories from Pengiran Temenggong Pengiran Anak Hashim: -
From Paitan River to Kimanis.
Left for Hong Kong -
Set up the American Trading Company.
Gave his territorial rights in Brunei to W.J. Torrey.
2
3
W.J.TOR REY
BARON VON OVERBE CK
Sold his territorial rights to Baron Von Overbeck.
He was the Austrian Consul-General in Hong Kong when he bought W.J.Torrey’s rights. He formed the Dent Company with Alfred Dent. 1877: He negotiated a new lease with Sultan Abdul Momin. BUT he faced financial problems. SO he sold his territorial rights in Brunei to Alfred Dent.
4
ALFRED DENT
Set up the British North Borneo Company (BNBC). 1881: Obtained a royal charter for BNBC. The Governor of North Borneo was William Hood Treacher. 3
4
THE AMANAT 1885
It was an agreement made by the SULTAN, WAZIRS, AIMS
MANTERIS, and TULIN LAND RIGHT HOLDERS. NOT TO CEDE OR LEASE ANY TERRITORIES TO FOREIGN POWERS. Save Brunei’s sovereignty. Save Brunei from extinction. Prevent loss of Brunei’s remaining territories.
REASONS
4. Prevent any more ceding or leasing of Brunei’s remaining territories to foreign powers. 5. Because the British government did not seem to support or protect Brunei. It was NOT effective in preventing the loss of Brunei’s
EFFECTIVEN ESS
territories. E.g. Limbang was seized by Charles Brooke in 1890. 1. Brunei did NOT have any military power/strength to
REASONS WHY THE AMANAT FAILED
enforce the Amanat. 2. The British did NOT take the Amanat seriously. 3. Brunei kept losing more territories to foreign powers. 1. Brunei lost some more lands to the Brookes and the
PROOF THE AMANAT WAS A
BNBC. 2. Brunei was divided into TWO groups of small territories with no link to each other.
FAILURE
5
HE WAS THE GRANDSON OF SOAS I. HIS FAMILY
HE WAS THE SON-IN-LAW OF SOAS II. HE WAS THE SON OF PENGIRAN SHAHBANDAR PENGIRAN ABDUL WAHAB.
HE WAS THE 24TH SULTAN OF BRUNEI. HIS POSITION HE SUCCEEDED SOAS II.
HE WAS A WISE, JUST AND PIOUS KING. HIS CONTRIBUTIO NS
HE REPAIRED THE RIFT IN THE ROYAL FAMILIIES WITH ARRANGED MARRIAGES.
HE DIED A CENTURIAN. HIS DEATH HE WAS SUCCEEDED BY THE SON OF SOAS II, SULTAN HASHIM.
1
TERRITORIES LOST TO THE BROOKES IN SARAWAK
AIM
TO ENSURE JAMES BROOKE’S POSITION AS THE RAJAH OF SARAWAK.
1853
24th August 1853: James Brookes signed a new treaty with SOAS II to strengthen his control on Sarawak. He also obtained Batang Lupar.
1855
He obtained 7 districts Stretching from Samarahan to Rajang.
1861
He obtained territories stretching from Rajang to Bintulu. Including Mukah and Oya.
1863
He left England. He died in 1868. He was replaced by his nephew, Charles A. Brooke.
1882
Charles Brooke inherited a territory stretching from Tanjung Datu to Tanjung Kerudong.
1883
Charles Brooke obtained more territories stretching from Tanjung Kerudong to Baram.
1884
He had to pay $3, 000 per year to the Sultan.
Charles Brooke obtained districts from Tanjung Puan to Terusan River.
SULTAN ABDUL MOMIN WAS UNABLE TO STOP THE EXPANSIONIST POLICY OF THE BROOKES
2
TERRITORIES LOST TO THE BRITISH NORTH BORNEO COMPANY IN SABAH
He was appointed as the American Consul General in Brunei. Obtained territories from Sultan Abdul Momin:
1
C.L MOSES
-
21 districts
-
From Sulaman River to Paitan River.
Leased territories from Pengiran Temenggong Pengiran Anak Hashim: -
From Paitan River to Kimanis.
Left for Hong Kong -
Set up the American Trading Company.
Gave his territorial rights in Brunei to W.J. Torrey.
2
3
W.J.TOR REY
BARON VON OVERBE CK
Sold his territorial rights to Baron Von Overbeck.
He was the Austrian Consul-General in Hong Kong when he bought W.J.Torrey’s rights. He formed the Dent Company with Alfred Dent. 1877: He negotiated a new lease with Sultan Abdul Momin. BUT he faced financial problems. SO he sold his territorial rights in Brunei to Alfred Dent.
4
ALFRED DENT
Set up the British North Borneo Company (BNBC). 1881: Obtained a royal charter for BNBC. The Governor of North Borneo was William Hood Treacher. 3
4
THE AMANAT 1885
It was an agreement made by the SULTAN, WAZIRS, AIMS
MANTERIS, and TULIN LAND RIGHT HOLDERS. NOT TO CEDE OR LEASE ANY TERRITORIES TO FOREIGN POWERS. Save Brunei’s sovereignty. Save Brunei from extinction. Prevent loss of Brunei’s remaining territories.
REASONS
4. Prevent any more ceding or leasing of Brunei’s remaining territories to foreign powers. 5. Because the British government did not seem to support or protect Brunei. It was NOT effective in preventing the loss of Brunei’s
EFFECTIVEN ESS
territories. E.g. Limbang was seized by Charles Brooke in 1890. 1. Brunei did NOT have any military power/strength to
REASONS WHY THE AMANAT FAILED
enforce the Amanat. 2. The British did NOT take the Amanat seriously. 3. Brunei kept losing more territories to foreign powers. 1. Brunei lost some more lands to the Brookes and the
PROOF THE AMANAT WAS A
BNBC. 2. Brunei was divided into TWO groups of small territories with no link to each other.
FAILURE
5
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