The System Of Higher Education Ch 10
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THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION
1
QUESTIONS 3.
What is higher education?
4.
What is the purpose of having higher education?
5.
What is the theoretical approach to higher education?
6.
What is the history of higher of education in Malaysia?
7.
Is there equal opportunity for everyone?
8.
What are the characteristics of higher education?
9.
What is the role of higher education?
10.
What are the outcomes of higher education?
2
Higher education
Def: formal, non-compulsory education follows secondary education (Harvey, L., 2004) Eg.: Institute, colleges, college universities , universities, community colleges (34), polytechnics (20) KUIM, KUKTEM, KUKUM, KUSTEM, KUTKM, KUiTTHO, UIAM, UPM, UKM, UAM, UUM, UiTM, UTM, UNIMAS, UMS, UPSI , USM . (17 altogether). How is the expansion of the HE? What is college university? What is the difference between community colleges and polytechnics? 3
The Purpose of Higher Education 1.
The university as a community •
2.
The function of research • •
3.
•
Teaching and research Promotion processes
The function of service • •
5.
Compulsory, expansion of knowledge, determined by industry, government, business. Funds
The function of teaching •
4.
Academic prog., centralized physical settings, a form of governance, provide services, research .
Disseminate knowledge through publication, media, teaching and lecturing. Community services by students
The function of the “National Security State” • •
Provide training for high-level technical human resource requirements Who control products/invention
4
The Theories
Functionalist:
HI can help to solve societal problems Help improve individual opportunities and abilities, to fill roles in the job market
Conflict:
A place to prolong the status quo, inequality Tracking : courses and where one graduates Politics of “gatekeeping” (access to better HI) 5
The History of HI
Greatly expanded within 10 years in terms of quality and quantity Enrolment:
Diploma 40%, certificate 1.6%, first degree 50%, masters 2%, Ph.D. 0.5%, Pre University 3%, 2.9% courses after graduating (1988)
History:
Universiti Malaya: started from the joint of King Edward College VII (1905) and Raffles College Singapore (1927). 1949 was in Singapore and 1962 moved to KL, became the first university in Malaysia. 1998 became the first university received coporatization. 6
Universiti Sains Malaysia, PP
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Functioning since 1969 initially as University PP. change in 1972 to USM. Started in 1970 at Maktab Perguruan Lembah Pantai with the purpose to reach the Dasar Bahasa Kebangsaan aspirations. First to use BM at tertiary level.
University Putra Malaysia
Started as Sekolah Pertanian school under the Agriculture Ministry. Then upgraded to Kolej Pertanian in 1947. Known as U Pertanian M in 1971 U Putra M in 1997 7
Characteristics of HE
Length of studies Public or private Students composition Programs offered Levels of programs offered
Roles in HE
The clients – the roles, categories: collegiate, vocational, academic, nonconformist Gender and race The graying of college graduates The faculty- professionalism Administrators 8
Is there equal opportunity for everyone? What are the outcome of HI?
Good job? Good salary? “credential crisis” “Job gap”
9
1
QUESTIONS 3.
What is higher education?
4.
What is the purpose of having higher education?
5.
What is the theoretical approach to higher education?
6.
What is the history of higher of education in Malaysia?
7.
Is there equal opportunity for everyone?
8.
What are the characteristics of higher education?
9.
What is the role of higher education?
10.
What are the outcomes of higher education?
2
Higher education
Def: formal, non-compulsory education follows secondary education (Harvey, L., 2004) Eg.: Institute, colleges, college universities , universities, community colleges (34), polytechnics (20) KUIM, KUKTEM, KUKUM, KUSTEM, KUTKM, KUiTTHO, UIAM, UPM, UKM, UAM, UUM, UiTM, UTM, UNIMAS, UMS, UPSI , USM . (17 altogether). How is the expansion of the HE? What is college university? What is the difference between community colleges and polytechnics? 3
The Purpose of Higher Education 1.
The university as a community •
2.
The function of research • •
3.
•
Teaching and research Promotion processes
The function of service • •
5.
Compulsory, expansion of knowledge, determined by industry, government, business. Funds
The function of teaching •
4.
Academic prog., centralized physical settings, a form of governance, provide services, research .
Disseminate knowledge through publication, media, teaching and lecturing. Community services by students
The function of the “National Security State” • •
Provide training for high-level technical human resource requirements Who control products/invention
4
The Theories
Functionalist:
HI can help to solve societal problems Help improve individual opportunities and abilities, to fill roles in the job market
Conflict:
A place to prolong the status quo, inequality Tracking : courses and where one graduates Politics of “gatekeeping” (access to better HI) 5
The History of HI
Greatly expanded within 10 years in terms of quality and quantity Enrolment:
Diploma 40%, certificate 1.6%, first degree 50%, masters 2%, Ph.D. 0.5%, Pre University 3%, 2.9% courses after graduating (1988)
History:
Universiti Malaya: started from the joint of King Edward College VII (1905) and Raffles College Singapore (1927). 1949 was in Singapore and 1962 moved to KL, became the first university in Malaysia. 1998 became the first university received coporatization. 6
Universiti Sains Malaysia, PP
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Functioning since 1969 initially as University PP. change in 1972 to USM. Started in 1970 at Maktab Perguruan Lembah Pantai with the purpose to reach the Dasar Bahasa Kebangsaan aspirations. First to use BM at tertiary level.
University Putra Malaysia
Started as Sekolah Pertanian school under the Agriculture Ministry. Then upgraded to Kolej Pertanian in 1947. Known as U Pertanian M in 1971 U Putra M in 1997 7
Characteristics of HE
Length of studies Public or private Students composition Programs offered Levels of programs offered
Roles in HE
The clients – the roles, categories: collegiate, vocational, academic, nonconformist Gender and race The graying of college graduates The faculty- professionalism Administrators 8
Is there equal opportunity for everyone? What are the outcome of HI?
Good job? Good salary? “credential crisis” “Job gap”
9
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